WO2015025899A1 - 農業用フィルム - Google Patents
農業用フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015025899A1 WO2015025899A1 PCT/JP2014/071806 JP2014071806W WO2015025899A1 WO 2015025899 A1 WO2015025899 A1 WO 2015025899A1 JP 2014071806 W JP2014071806 W JP 2014071806W WO 2015025899 A1 WO2015025899 A1 WO 2015025899A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vinyl acetate
- mass
- agricultural film
- ethylene
- mfr
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2410/00—Agriculture-related articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an agricultural film.
- an agricultural film having a high light transmittance is desired, but depending on the type of crop, it is desired to reduce the ratio of direct light as much as possible and increase the ratio of scattered light.
- a nursery house for soft vegetables such as leaf tobacco and lettuce
- a satin-like film has been used as an agricultural film.
- a satin type agricultural film for example, a mixture of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (A) having a vinyl acetate content of 24 to 34% by weight, MI4 to 40 and polyethylene (B) having an MI of 0.04 to 2.0
- a plastic film having a silk cloth-like feel comprising a vinyl acetate content of 12 to 22% by weight and an MI ratio of component (A) / component (B) of 10 to 100 (For example, refer to Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-67812).
- At least one of the outermost layers has an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) having a vinyl acetate content of 20 to 35% by weight and a melt flow rate (MFR) of 4 to 50 g / 10 min and an MFR of 0. 0.04 to 2.0 g / 10 min of a mixture of low density polyethylene (B), and the mixing ratio of (A) and (B) ((A) / (B)) is 35 to 90/65 to 10
- An agricultural film which is a mixture layer having an average vinyl acetate content of the mixture of 12 to 22% by weight and an MFR ratio (MFR of (A) / MFR of (B)) of 10 to 100. (See, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-143509).
- the inner layer is made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer having a melt flow rate of 1.2 to 10 g / 10 min.
- a satin-like agricultural polyolefin-based multilayer comprising 5 to 25 parts by mass, and having an antifogging coating film comprising a binder made of a thermoplastic resin and an inorganic colloid sol on the surface of the inner layer A film is disclosed (for example, refer to JP 2011-109991 A).
- an agricultural film (plastic film) having a variety of functions and a satin-like surface is provided.
- Various attempts have been made to obtain it.
- a resin having a high content of structural units derived from vinyl acetate is desired.
- the tackiness of the agricultural film tends to increase, and the following is likely to occur. That is, it becomes easy to adhere to a roll etc. in a manufacturing process, it becomes easy to generate
- the present invention has been made in view of the above. That is, The present invention provides an agricultural film that maintains a satin like appearance and has reduced tackiness.
- the pear texture represents a surface state having a plurality of irregular and fine speckled irregularities such as a pear fruit skin and having a rough texture.
- the mass ratio is 30:70 or more and 70:30 or less
- the average content of structural units derived from vinyl acetate is 6% by mass or more and less than 12% by mass
- the MFR is 1 g / 10 min or more and 10 g / 10 min.
- an agricultural film in which a satin-like appearance is maintained and adhesiveness is suppressed.
- the agricultural film of the present invention has a content of constituent units derived from vinyl acetate of 14% by mass or more, and a melt flow rate (MFR, JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., 2160 g load) of 11 g / 10 min or more and 300 g. / 10 min or less ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., 2160 g load) 5 g / 10 min or less polyolefin (B).
- MFR melt flow rate
- (B) content ratio [(A) :( B)] is 30:70 or more and 70:30 or less in terms of mass ratio, and the average content of structural units derived from vinyl acetate is 6 mass% or more. It has a mixture layer that is less than 12% by mass and has an MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., 2160 g load) of 1 g / 10 min to 10 g / 10 min. .
- the agricultural film of the present invention contains ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and polyolefin (B) in combination with those having a large MFR difference as described above. Further, as the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A), one containing a large amount of structural units of vinyl acetate is used. In the present invention, by applying such an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and polyolefin (B), the agricultural film in the present invention has improved haze and a satin-like surface. It will be a thing.
- the agricultural film of the present invention includes the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and the polyolefin (B) in the above-described specific content ratio, and is a structural unit derived from vinyl acetate in the entire agricultural film.
- the MFR of the agricultural film is within the above range.
- adhesiveness shows both the adhesiveness of the agricultural film in a manufacture process, and the adhesiveness of the obtained agricultural film.
- the adhesiveness of agricultural films in the manufacturing process is suppressed, the winding of agricultural films on rolls and other processed members used for manufacturing and the deterioration of the opening property are suppressed, and the ease of processing is thought to improve.
- the adhesiveness of the obtained agricultural film improves, it is thought that generation
- melt flow rate is a value [g / 10 minutes] measured at 190 ° C. under a load of 2160 g in accordance with JIS K7210-1999.
- the agricultural film in the present invention has a mixture layer containing an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and a polyolefin (B).
- the mixture layer may contain other polymers and additives as necessary.
- the content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate is 14% by mass or more, and the MFR is 11 g / 10 min or more and 300 g / 10 min or less.
- the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer contains at least a structural unit derived from ethylene and a structural unit derived from vinyl acetate, and is a random copolymer or a block copolymer. It may be a coalescence.
- the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) has a constitutional unit content derived from vinyl acetate of 14% by mass or more, and thus the difference in the content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate from the polyolefin (B). Since the size of the film increases, a satin-like agricultural film can be realized. Further, the content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate in the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) is preferably 16% by mass or more, and more preferably 18% by mass or more.
- the content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) is 25% by mass or less from the viewpoint of reducing the average content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate in the mixture layer. It is preferable that it is 22 mass% or less.
- the MFR of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) is preferably 12 g / 10 min or more and 200 g / 10 min or less, more preferably 14 g / 10 min or more and 160 g / 10 min or less.
- the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer can be used alone or in combination of two or more different copolymerization ratios.
- the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer may further contain other monomer units other than vinyl acetate and ethylene.
- an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer may be composed of a structural unit derived from vinyl acetate and a structural unit derived from ethylene, which does not include other monomer units other than vinyl acetate and ethylene. preferable.
- the polyolefin (B) is a polyolefin having an MFR of 5 g / 10 min or less.
- the MFR of polyolefin (B) is 5 g / 10 min or less, so that a satin-like agricultural film can be realized.
- the MFR of the polyolefin (B) is preferably in the range exceeding 0 g / 10 min.
- the MFR of the polyolefin (B) is preferably 3 g / 10 min or less, more preferably 0.01 g / 10 min or more and 1.5 g / 10 min or less.
- polyolefin (B) examples include ⁇ -olefins having 2 to 10 carbon atoms (for example, ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3 -Methyl-1-butene, 1-octene and the like) and the like. More specific examples of polyolefins include polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene-1, and poly-4-methyl-1-pentene. Among these, polyethylene and polypropylene are preferable, and polyethylene is particularly preferable. In addition, only 1 type may be used for polyolefin and 2 or more types may be used for it.
- Preferred polyethylenes are high pressure low density polyethylene (HP-LDPE) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), with high pressure low density polyethylene being particularly preferred.
- the polyethylene may be an ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer obtained by copolymerization of ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin.
- the ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer is preferably a random copolymer.
- the content ratio [(A) :( B)] of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and the polyolefin (B) is from 30:70 to 70:30 in mass ratio.
- the agricultural film can exhibit an excellent satin finish.
- the content ratio [(A) :( B)] of the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and the polyolefin (B) is preferably from 35:65 to 65:35, and from 40:60 to 65 : More preferably, it is 35 or less.
- the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A) and the polyolefin (B) are an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and low-density polyethylene, and the above-mentioned content ratio [(A) :( B)] is particularly preferably 40:60 or more and 65:35 or less [mass ratio].
- the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer includes two types of ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having an MFR of less than 100 and an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having an MFR of 100 or more (preferably the ratio of the MFR of the two is 5). The embodiment including the above is preferable.
- ⁇ Other polymers examples include ethylene / (meth) acrylic acid copolymers and ionomers.
- the content of the other polymer is preferably 30% by mass or less with respect to the whole agricultural film.
- ⁇ Other additives for example, a heat retaining agent, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, a light resistance stabilizer, an antifogging agent, an antifogging agent and the like are appropriately blended.
- a heat insulating agent a known one having a refractive index approximate to the refractive index of the mixture layer can be used.
- hydrotalcite which has particularly good heat retaining properties and does not adversely affect the light transmittance.
- the content of other additives is preferably 30% by mass or less with respect to the entire agricultural film.
- the mixture layer of the agricultural film of the present invention has an average content of structural units derived from vinyl acetate of 6% by mass to less than 12% by mass, and an MFR of 1 g / 10 min or more and 10 g / 10 min or less. is there.
- the agricultural film cannot suppress tackiness. Moreover, if the average content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate in the mixture layer is less than 6% by mass, the agricultural film cannot maintain satin finish.
- the average content of the structural unit derived from vinyl acetate in the mixture layer is preferably small, and more preferably 8% by mass or more and 11% by mass or less from the viewpoint of suppressing the tackiness of the agricultural film.
- the “average content of structural units derived from vinyl acetate” specifically refers to the content of structural units derived from vinyl acetate in the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (A), in accordance with JIS K7192. After calculating
- the MFR of the mixture layer is excellent in film processability by being in the above range.
- the MFR of the mixture layer is preferably 2 g / 10 min or more and 7 g / 10 min or less, more preferably 2 g / 10 min or more and 5 g / 10 min or less from the viewpoint of film processability.
- the thickness of the mixture layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less.
- the agricultural film in this invention may have layers other than the said mixture layer from a viewpoint of obtaining required characteristics, such as mechanical strength, durability, and heat retention which were in the agricultural film.
- Specific examples of the layer other than the mixture layer include an olefin resin layer and a barrier resin layer using a barrier resin such as EVOH (ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer resin).
- the mixture layer is preferably the outermost layer from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive direct light to the plant.
- Method for producing agricultural film As a manufacturing method of the agricultural film in this invention, after preparing the mixture containing the component mentioned above, the method of shape
- the mixture is prepared by dry blending or melt blending the above components.
- the components are mixed in a molding machine at the stage of being melt plasticized.
- melt mixing may be performed using various extruders such as a single screw or twin screw extruder, various mixers such as a Banbury mixer, a blender such as a roll or a kneader, or a mixer.
- the mixing order is no particular limitation on the mixing order in the case of melt blending.
- the film is formed into a film by a known method such as an inflation method or a casting method.
- Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)> (EVA-1): Content of structural unit of vinyl acetate (VA content): 19% by mass MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., load 2160 g) 15 g / 10 min
- EVA-2 Content of structural unit of vinyl acetate (VA content): 19% by mass MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., load 2160 g) 150 g / 10 min
- EA-3 Content of structural unit of vinyl acetate (VA content): 28% by mass MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., load 2160 g) 15 g / 10 min
- EA-4 Content of constituent unit of vinyl acetate (VA content): 10% by mass MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C, load 2160g) 9g / 10min
- Polyolefin (PO)> (PO-1): Type: Low density polyethylene MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., load 2160 g) 1.1 g / 10 min
- PO-2 Type: Low density polyethylene MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., load 2160 g) 0.15 g / 10 min
- PO-3 Type: Low density polyethylene MFR (JIS K7210-1999, 190 ° C., load 2160 g) 0.3 g / 10 min
- Example 1 (Production of agricultural film 1) The following ingredients were prepared. ⁇ Ingredient> -EVA-1: 30 parts by mass-EVA-2: 13 parts by mass-PO-1: 38 parts by mass-PO-2: 19 parts by mass
- the melt blended mixture was subjected to a die temperature of 160 ° C., a melting zone temperature of 160 ° C., an LS (line speed) of 4.0 m / min, and a BUR (blowing).
- the mixture layer was formed by forming into a tube shape under the condition of an up ratio of 1.6, and an agricultural film 1 having a folding diameter of 250 mm and a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was obtained.
- the total light transmittance was measured according to JIS-K7136 with a haze meter (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) and used as an index for evaluating the light transmittance of the agricultural film 1. .
- the total light transmittance is measured when light is incident on one surface (referred to as “surface 1”) of the agricultural film 1 and when light is incident on the opposite surface (referred to as “surface 2”). Both were measured. If the total light transmittance is 90% or more, there is no practical problem.
- haze was measured according to JIS-K7136 with the haze meter (made by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), and it was set as the parameter
- the measurement of haze is performed both when the light is incident on one side (referred to as “surface 1”) of the agricultural film 1 and when the light is incident on the opposite surface (referred to as “surface 2”). It was measured. If the haze is 70% or more, there is no practical problem.
- FIG. 1 The measurement of the gloss is performed both when the light is incident on one surface (referred to as “surface 1”) of the agricultural film 1 and when the light is incident on the opposite surface (referred to as “surface 2”). It was measured.
- Examples 2 and 3 Comparative Examples 1 and 2
- An agricultural film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the agricultural film was changed according to Table 1 in Example 1.
- the obtained agricultural film was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the agricultural film of this example has a satin-like shape and is excellent in openness, so that the tackiness is suppressed.
- the agricultural film of a comparative example is a satin-like shape, it is clear that adhesiveness is not suppressed.
- the agricultural film in a present Example can estimate
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Abstract
Description
従来より、梨地状の風合いを持つ農業用フィルムを作製する観点から、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量がある程度高い樹脂が望まれている。
しかしながら、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量が高くなると、農業用フィルムの粘着性が上がる傾向にあり、次のことが生じやすくなる。つまり、製造過程でロール等に付着し易くなること、農業用フィルム同士がくっつくブロッキングが発生し易くなること、及びインフレーションフィルムの口開き性が悪くなること、等である。
本発明は、梨地状(satin like appearance)が維持され、且つ、粘着性が抑制された農業用フィルムを提供する。
上記MFRは、いずれも、JIS K7210-1999に準拠し、190℃、2160g荷重で測定したものである。
本発明の農業用フィルムは、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量が14質量%以上であり、メルトフローレート(MFR、JIS K7210-1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が11g/10分以上300g/10分以下のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)と、MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が5g/10分以下のポリオレフィン(B)と、を含有し、前記(A)及び前記(B)の含有割合[(A):(B)]が、質量比で30:70以上70:30以下であり、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量が6質量%以上12質量%未満であり、且つ、MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が1g/10分以上10g/10分以下である混合物層を有する。
製造過程にある農業用フィルムの粘着性が抑制されると、製造に用いるロール等の加工部材に対する農業用フィルムの巻付きや口開き性の悪化が抑制され、加工の容易性が向上すると考えられる。
また、得られた農業用フィルムの粘着性が向上した場合、農業用フィルムの保管中でのブロッキングの発生が抑制できると考えられる。
なお、特に記載しない限り、メルトフローレート(MFR)は、JIS K7210-1999に準拠して、190℃、2160g荷重で測定された値〔g/10分〕である。
本発明における農業用フィルムは、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)と、ポリオレフィン(B)と、を含有する混合物層を有する。
混合物層は、必要に応じて、その他の重合体や、添加剤を含んでもよい。
エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)は、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量が14質量%以上であり、MFRが11g/10分以上300g/10分以下である。
エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体は、エチレンに由来する構成単位と、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位とを少なくとも含み、ランダム共重合体であっても、ブロック共重合体であっても、交互共重合体であってもよい。
また、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)の酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量は、16質量%以上であることが好ましく、18質量%以上がより好ましい。
但し、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)の酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量は、混合物層の酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量を低くする観点から、25質量%以下であることが好ましく、22質量%以下がより好ましい。
また、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)のMFRは、12g/10分以上200g/10分以下であることが好ましく、14g/10分以上160g/10分以下であることがより好ましい。
また、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体は、酢酸ビニル及びエチレン以外の他のモノマー単位を更に含んでもよい。本発明においては、酢酸ビニル及びエチレン以外の他のモノマー単位を含まず、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位と、エチレン由来の構成単位と、によってエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体が構成されていることが好ましい。
ポリオレフィン(B)は、MFRが5g/10分以下のポリオレフィンである。
これらの中でも、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンが好ましく、ポリエチレンが特に好ましい。
なお、ポリオレフィンは、1種のみ用いてもよいし、2種以上を用いてもよい。
また、ポリエチレンは、エチレンとα-オレフィンとの共重合によるエチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体であってもよい。エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体は、ランダム共重合体が好適である。
中でも、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)及びポリオレフィン(B)の含有割合[(A):(B)]は、35:65以上65:35以下であることが好ましく、40:60以上65:35以下であることがより好ましい。
その他の重合体としては、例えば、エチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、アイオノマー等が挙げられる。その他の重合体の含有量は、農業用フィルム全体に対して、30質量%以下が好ましい。
その他の添加剤としては、例えば、保温剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、耐光安定剤、防曇剤、防霧剤等が適宜配合される。保温剤としては、混合物層の屈折率と近似した屈折率を有する公知のものが使用できる。保温剤は、特に保温性が良く、光線透過性に悪影響を及ぼさないハイドロタルサイトの使用が最も好ましい。
その他の添加剤の含有量は、農業用フィルム全体に対して、30質量%以下が好ましい。
本発明の農業用フィルムが有する混合物層は、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量が6質量%以上12質量%未満であり、且つ、MFRが1g/10分以上10g/10分以下である。
混合物層の酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量は、農業用フィルムの粘着性を抑制する観点から、小さいことが好ましく、8質量%以上11質量%以下がより好ましい。
(式1)
酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量=
エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)中の酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量(質量%)×エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)の含有量(質量%、但しエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)+ポリオレフィン(B)を100とする)÷100
混合物層のMFRは、フィルム加工性の観点から、2g/10分以上7g/10分以下が好ましく、2g/10分以上5g/10分以下がより好ましい。
本発明における農業用フィルムは、農業用フィルムにあった機械的強度、耐久性、保温性等の必要特性を得る観点から、上記混合物層以外の層を有していてもよい。
混合物層以外の層として、具体的には、例えば、オレフィン樹脂層、EVOH(エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合樹脂)等のバリア性樹脂を用いたバリア性樹脂層、等が挙げられる。
本発明における農業用フィルムの製造方法としては、例えば、上述した成分を含む混合物を調製後、公知の方法でフィルム状に成形する方法が挙げられる。
以下、混合物層を単独で有する農業用フィルムの製造方法について、説明する。但し、本発明における農業用フィルムの製造方法は、以下の方法に限定されない。
その後、例えば、インフレーション法、キャスト法などの公知の方法によって、フィルム状に成形する。
(EVA-1):
酢酸ビニルの構成単位の含有量(VA含量):19質量%
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)15g/10分
(EVA-2):
酢酸ビニルの構成単位の含有量(VA含量):19質量%
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)150g/10分
(EVA-3):
酢酸ビニルの構成単位の含有量(VA含量):28質量%
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)15g/10分
(EVA-4):
酢酸ビニルの構成単位の含有量(VA含量):10質量%
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)9g/10分
(PO-1):
種類:低密度ポリエチレン
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)1.1g/10分
(PO-2):
種類:低密度ポリエチレン
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)0.15g/10分
(PO-3):
種類:低密度ポリエチレン
MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、荷重2160g)0.3g/10分
(農業用フィルム1の作製)
下記の成分を用意した。
<成分>
・EVA-1:30質量部
・EVA-2:13質量部
・PO-1:38質量部
・PO-2:19質量部
上記成分を、単軸押出機(押出機スクリュー径:65mm)を用い、ダイス温度160℃、溶融ゾーン温度160℃の条件下で、メルトブレンドした。
メルトブレンド後の混合物について、酢酸ビニルの構成単位の含有量(酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量(単位:質量%);表1ではVA含量と表記する)及びMFRを、既述の方法で測定した。結果は表1に示す。
メルトブレンドした上記混合物を、単層インフレーション成形機(口径100mm、押出機スクリュー径30mm)を用い、ダイス温度160℃、溶融ゾーン温度160℃、LS(ライン速度)4.0m/min、BUR(ブローアップ比)1.6の条件下でチューブ状に成形することで混合物層を形成し、折径250mm、厚さ50μmの農業用フィルム1を得た。
以下の項目について、農業用フィルム1の評価を行った。結果は表2に示す。
成形されたチューブ状の農業用フィルム1を試料台に置き、23℃、50%RHの雰囲気下で1日保管し、これを評価用サンプル(2枚が重なって層になっている状態)とした。そして、この評価用サンプルを、片手の親指と人差し指との間に挟んで何度か軽く捻り、口が開くまでに捻った回数を求めて下記の評価基準にしたがって評価した。
<評価基準>
A:1回捻るだけで口が開く
B:2~3回捻るだけで口が開く
C:捻る回数が5回未満では口が開かない
得られた農業用フィルム1について、目視で外観を下記の評価基準にしたがって評価した。
<評価基準>
A :農業用フィルムは、非常に優れた梨地状を有している。
A-B:農業用フィルムは、優れた梨地状を有している。
B :農業用フィルムに梨地状が発現している。
C :農業用フィルムに梨地状が発現していない。
得られた農業用フィルム1について、ヘイズメーター(スガ試験機(株)製)にてJIS-K7136に準じて全光線透過率を測定し、農業用フィルム1の光線透過率を評価する指標とした。
全光線透過率の測定は、農業用フィルム1の片面(「面1」と称する)に光を入射した場合と、反対側の面(「面2」と称する)に光を入射した場合と、の両方を測定した。
全光線透過率は、90%以上であれば実用上の問題がない。
得られた農業用フィルム1について、ヘイズメーター(スガ試験機(株)製)にてJIS-K7136に準じてヘイズを測定し、農業用フィルム1の梨地状の程度を評価する指標とした。
ヘイズの測定は、農業用フィルム1の片面(「面1」と称する)に光を入射した場合と、反対側の面(「面2」と称する)に光を入射した場合と、の両方を測定した。
ヘイズは、70%以上であれば実用上の問題がない。
得られた農業用フィルム1について、JIS K7105に準拠してグロスを測定し、農業用フィルム1の梨地状の程度を評価する指標とした。
グロスの測定は、農業用フィルム1の片面(「面1」と称する)に光を入射した場合と、反対側の面(「面2」と称する)に光を入射した場合と、の両方を測定した。
実施例1において、農業用フィルムの組成を表1に従って変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、農業用フィルムを作製した。得られた農業用フィルムについて、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。結果は表2に示す。
なお、本実施例における農業用フィルムは、本比較例における農業用フィルムに比較して、製造後のみならず、製造過程においても粘着性が抑制されていると予測できる。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、および技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、および技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。
Claims (2)
- 酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の含有量が14質量%以上であり、メルトフローレート(MFR、JIS K7210-1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が11g/10分以上300g/10分以下のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)と、MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が5g/10分以下のポリオレフィン(B)と、を含有し、
前記エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体(A)及び前記ポリオレフィン(B)の含有割合[(A):(B)]が、質量比で30:70以上70:30以下であり、酢酸ビニルに由来する構成単位の平均含有量が6質量%以上12質量%未満であり、且つ、MFR(JIS K7210-1999、190℃、2160g荷重)が1g/10分以上10g/10分以下である混合物層を有する農業用フィルム。 - 前記混合物層が最外層である請求項1に記載の農業用フィルム。
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WO2019181986A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-26 | 三井・ダウ ポリケミカル株式会社 | 農業用フィルム |
JP2020182409A (ja) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | タキロンシーアイ株式会社 | 農業用ポリオレフィン系樹脂フィルム |
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KR102410418B1 (ko) | 2018-03-19 | 2022-06-22 | 미츠이·다우 폴리케미칼 가부시키가이샤 | 농업용 필름 |
JP7144508B2 (ja) | 2018-03-19 | 2022-09-29 | 三井・ダウポリケミカル株式会社 | 農業用フィルム |
JP2020182409A (ja) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | タキロンシーアイ株式会社 | 農業用ポリオレフィン系樹脂フィルム |
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