WO2015025702A1 - 熱交換器、空調機、冷凍サイクル装置及び熱交換器の製造方法 - Google Patents
熱交換器、空調機、冷凍サイクル装置及び熱交換器の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015025702A1 WO2015025702A1 PCT/JP2014/070502 JP2014070502W WO2015025702A1 WO 2015025702 A1 WO2015025702 A1 WO 2015025702A1 JP 2014070502 W JP2014070502 W JP 2014070502W WO 2015025702 A1 WO2015025702 A1 WO 2015025702A1
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- heat
- heat exchanger
- heat exchange
- header
- headers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05333—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05383—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
- F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
- F28F1/22—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D2001/0253—Particular components
- F28D2001/026—Cores
- F28D2001/0273—Cores having special shape, e.g. curved, annular
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, an air conditioner, a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and a heat exchanger manufacturing method.
- headers are provided in common to both heat exchange units at both ends of a heat exchange unit group configured by two heat exchange units, and the end portions of all heat transfer tubes are connected to each header. Yes.
- the heat exchanging part is bent into an L shape or a U shape according to the size of the casing of the indoor unit of the air conditioner, so that the heat exchanging part can be accommodated in the casing to save space.
- a heat exchanger for example, refer patent document 2.
- JP 2003-75024 A (Summary, FIG. 1) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-161589 (page 6, FIG. 6)
- a header having a simple structure as in Patent Document 1 is used as a distributor for distributing refrigerant to each heat transfer tube of a heat exchanger.
- this type of heat exchanger using a header when trying to bend a heat exchange section group having a plurality of rows in order to save space as in Patent Document 2, the inner radius of the inner row is small and the outer radius is small. The column grows. For this reason, when headers are arranged at both ends of the heat exchange unit group and the bent parts are formed after brazing them together, the both end positions of the heat exchange unit group are constrained by the headers, so that they are bent. I can't.
- a method is conceivable in which a heat exchange tube and fins are brazed to form a heat exchange portion group, and a bent portion is formed in the heat exchange portion group, and then a header is joined.
- this method it is necessary to re-braze only the header after brazing the entire heat exchanging unit group, increasing the number of brazing times, leading to a decrease in productivity and increasing costs.
- the re-brazing of the header is a partial brazing between the header and each heat transfer tube, and needs to be performed individually for each heat transfer tube, which increases the number of brazing points and is inefficient.
- the brazed portion during the first entire brazing elutes during the second brazing, leading to brazing failure, and reliability is also affected by the damage received by the material due to thermal changes. The problem which falls is produced.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the heat exchanger can be bent after the heat exchange unit group and the header are integrally brazed to form a bent unit, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost accompanying the improvement in productivity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger, an air conditioner, a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger that can be used.
- the heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes provided in a plurality of stages in a step direction orthogonal to the air flow direction, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes provided in parallel with the air flow direction.
- a plurality of heat exchange sections each having a plurality of fins arranged in a row direction that is an air flow direction; and a plurality of heat transfer tubes disposed at both ends of the heat exchange section group.
- the heat exchange unit group has one or more bent parts bent in the column direction, and the header on one end side of the heat exchange unit group has a plurality of rows of heat exchange units.
- the header on the other end side of the heat exchange unit group is composed of a plurality of individual headers provided independently for each heat exchange unit, Only the position of the individual header is different between adjacent rows in the juxtaposition direction of the fins.
- the header on one end side of the heat exchange unit group is configured by one header provided in common to the plurality of rows of heat exchange units, and the header on the other end side of the heat exchange unit group Since it is composed of a plurality of individual headers provided independently for each exchange part, it is possible to configure a bent part after the brazing of the heat exchange part group and the header, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost associated with productivity improvement.
- a heat exchanger that can be designed can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the white arrow in FIG. 1 indicates the flow of air.
- FIG. 1 shows three axes in a row direction, a parallel arrangement direction, and a step direction that are orthogonal to each other.
- the dotted line arrow of FIG. 1 has shown the flow direction of the refrigerant
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchange unit group 10, and a header 20 and a header 30 disposed at both ends of the heat exchange unit group 10.
- the heat exchanging unit group 10 includes a plurality of heat exchanging units 11a to 11d (collectively referred to simply as the heat exchanging unit 11) arranged in a row direction that is an air flow direction.
- the heat exchange unit 11 has four rows as an example, but the number of rows may be changed according to a desired heat exchange amount.
- the heat exchanging portion group 10 is bent in the column direction to form a bent portion 15. Although the number of the bent portions 15 is only one in FIG. 1, there may be more than one.
- the heat exchanging portions 11a to 11d have a plurality of fins 12a to 12d (simply referred to simply as fins 12) and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 13a to 13d (simply referred to as simply heat transfer tubes 13). .
- the plurality of fins 12 are arranged side by side at intervals, and are arranged so that air passes between them in the column direction.
- the heat transfer tube 13 penetrates the plurality of fins 12 in the juxtaposed direction, and a plurality of stages are provided in a step direction that is orthogonal to the air flow direction through which the refrigerant passes.
- the shape of the fin 12 may be, for example, a plate-shaped fin, a wave-shaped fin arranged alternately with the heat transfer tubes 13 in the step direction, or the like. In short, it may be a fin arranged so that air passes in the row direction. That's fine.
- the heat transfer tube 13 is formed of a flat tube having a plurality of through holes 13e serving as refrigerant flow paths as shown in FIG.
- the header 30 is disposed on one end side of the heat exchange unit group 10 and is provided in common to the plurality of rows of heat exchange units 11, and one end side of each heat transfer tube of each heat exchange unit 11 is connected to the header 30. . That is, the header 30 is configured so as to straddle a plurality of rows of heat exchange units 11.
- the header 20 is arranged on the other end side of the heat exchange unit group 10 and is configured by individual headers 20a to 20d that are independent for each heat exchange unit.
- the individual headers 20a to 20d are connected to the other ends of the heat transfer tubes 13 of the corresponding heat exchange sections 11, respectively.
- the individual headers 20a to 20d are provided with outflow ports 21a to 21d.
- the header 20 and the header 30 are arranged at both ends of the linearly configured heat exchange unit group 10, and the whole is brazed to heat the exchange unit.
- the heat exchange unit group 10 is bent in the column direction to form the bent portion 15.
- bending is performed with the position on the header 30 side fixed.
- both of the headers at both ends of the heat exchange unit group are provided in common to each heat exchange unit, so that when the whole is brazed, both ends of the heat exchange unit group are constrained by the header. Yes. Therefore, even if it is going to form a bending part after brazing the whole, a heat exchanger cannot be bent.
- the heat exchange unit group 10 since one (header 20) of the headers at both ends of the heat exchange unit group 10 is configured independently for each heat exchange unit 11, the heat exchange unit group 10 is arranged in the column direction. Even if the bending radii of the innermost row and the outermost row when bent are different, the heat exchange section group 10 can be bent. Thus, as described above, the heat exchanger 1 having the bent portion 15 can be manufactured by one brazing without performing the conventional two-time brazing method. Therefore, the heat exchanger 1 with high reliability at low cost can be provided.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the flow direction of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3A to 3D show the case where the number of columns of the heat exchanging section 11 is four corresponding to FIG. 1.
- FIGS. 3E and 3F show the case of the heat exchanging section 11. The case where the number of columns is two is shown.
- FIG. 3 shows two patterns roughly divided as counterflows.
- the downstream side in the air flow direction (the heat exchange unit 11c). 11d) is a pattern in which the refrigerant inflow side and the upstream side (heat exchanging portions 11a, 11b) are in the refrigerant outflow side.
- the refrigerant flowing in from the individual headers 20c and 20d flows into the heat exchange units 11c and 11d and flows toward the header 30 side. And after each refrigerant
- the refrigerant inflow side in order from the most downstream side (heat exchange part 11d) in the air flow direction among the plurality of rows of heat exchange parts 11a to 11d.
- FIGS. 3B, 3D, and 3F there is a parallel flow in which the refrigerant flows in such a manner that the refrigerant flows back from the upstream side to the downstream side with respect to the air flow direction.
- FIG. 3 shows two patterns roughly divided as parallel flows.
- the upstream side in the air flow direction (the heat exchange unit 11a).
- 11b) is a pattern in which the refrigerant inflow side and the downstream side (heat exchanging portions 11c, 11d) are the refrigerant outflow side.
- the refrigerant flowing in from the individual headers 20a and 20b flows into the heat exchange units 11a and 11b and flows toward the header 30 side. And after each refrigerant
- the refrigerant inflow side in order from the most upstream side (heat exchanging portion 11a) in the air flow direction.
- the effect of flowing the refrigerant in a counterflow when the heat exchanger 1 is used as a condenser will be described.
- the effect of flowing the refrigerant in the counterflow is related to the refrigerant temperature distribution from the inlet to the outlet of the refrigerant flow path.
- the condenser Since the condenser is required to have a subcool of, for example, about 10 ° C., it is necessary to secure a sufficient amount of heat exchange with air even in the second half of the refrigerant flow path from the inlet to the outlet.
- the condenser is a parallel flow, specifically, for example, the parallel flow shown in FIG. 3B, the air whose temperature has increased due to heat exchange on the heat exchange portions 11a and 11b side has changed the heat exchange portions 11c and 11d. Will pass.
- the refrigerant temperature is lower than the first half (heat exchange units 11a and 11b) and approaches the air temperature.
- the refrigerant in the latter half of the refrigerant flow path there is a possibility that the temperature difference between the refrigerant in the latter half of the refrigerant flow path and the air cannot be sufficiently taken and a desired subcool cannot be applied.
- the refrigerant in the latter half of the refrigerant flow exchanges heat with the air before heat exchange, so that a sufficient temperature difference can be secured and a subcool can be stably applied. .
- the heat exchanger 1 when used as an evaporator, either a counter flow or a parallel flow may be used. Further, when the heat exchanger 1 is used in an evaporator, the refrigerant becomes vapor at the refrigerant outlet of the heat exchanger 1. When the refrigerant evaporates, on the refrigerant outlet side in the heat transfer tube 13, the refrigerant becomes vapor and the heat transfer tube 13 has a dew point temperature or higher, which is higher than the temperature of the heat transfer tube on the refrigerant inlet side.
- the temperature distribution in the column direction of each row is made uniform. Therefore, it is possible to keep dew uniformly in the windward row and prevent dew jumping.
- each heat exchange unit 11 constituting the heat exchange unit group 10
- It consists of individual headers 20a to 20d.
- the heat transfer tube 13 is a flat tube, it is possible to improve the heat exchange performance by reducing the air pressure loss and reducing the diameter of the flow path.
- the flow path is made thin with a flat shape, the dead water area downstream of the heat transfer pipe can be reduced compared to the case where the diameter of the flow path is reduced with a circular pipe, and the heat exchanger 1 has high heat exchange efficiency.
- the flat shape with less air separation can reduce the pressure loss of air, and the input of a fan (not shown) that blows air to the heat exchanger 1 can also be reduced. For this reason, by providing the heat exchanger 1 of the first embodiment, it is possible to provide an air conditioner with high energy saving performance.
- a general flat tube has a small flow path, but in addition to this, the flat tube of the first embodiment is bent at the bent portion 15 and the pressure loss of the refrigerant increases. It is essential to divide the heat exchanger.
- a flat tube having a large pressure loss can be used for the following reason. That is, although the bent portion 15 is provided in the heat exchanger 1, the refrigerant inlet / outlet ports are independent by the individual headers 20a to 20d. For this reason, compared with the case where the refrigerant inlet / outlet has a hairpin structure, the number of paths (the number of paths through which the refrigerant flows, 40 paths in the example of FIG. 1) is increased by using headers (20 stages in the example of FIG. 1). Can be placed at or above. For this reason, even a flat tube with a large pressure loss can be used. Thereby, the heat exchanger 1 which reduced the refrigerant
- heat exchanger of the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 1, and can be variously modified as follows without departing from the gist of the present invention. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing Modification Example 1 of the heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 1 shows an example in which the heat exchange unit group 10 is generally L-shaped as a whole. As shown in FIG. 4A, the I-shaped heat exchange unit group 10 is bent at substantially right angles at two locations. The shape may be a U shape of (b), or a quadrilateral shape bent at three locations as shown in (c).
- Embodiment 2 FIG.
- the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d are aligned in the column direction.
- the positions of the plurality of individual headers 20a to 20d are aligned between adjacent columns.
- the configuration is different in the installation direction.
- the header 30 side has a configuration common to adjacent rows, the position of the header 30 is, in a sense, the same in the juxtaposition direction between adjacent rows and is not a configuration different in the juxtaposition direction. Therefore, in the second embodiment, of the two headers 20 and 30, only the positions on the side of the plurality of individual headers 20a to 20d are different in the juxtaposing direction of the fins 12 between adjacent rows.
- the rest of the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the following description focuses on the differences of the second embodiment from the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5A and 5B are diagrams showing the periphery of an individual header that is a main part of a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, where FIG. 5A is a perspective view and FIG. 5B is a plan view.
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the central axis of the heat transfer tube 13.
- the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d are different between adjacent columns.
- the protrusion lengths of the protrusions 14a to 14d from the fins 12a to 12d on the header 20 side of the heat transfer tube 13 are different between adjacent rows.
- the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d are different between adjacent columns.
- the positions of the plurality of individual headers 20a to 20d are made different between adjacent columns in this way, thereby using the empty space and the header capacity of the individual headers 20a to 20d. It is trying to increase.
- the column direction of the individual headers 20a to 20d The length l1 is equal to the length l2 of the width in the column direction of the fins 12 even if it is increased at the maximum.
- a space in which the individual headers 20a to 20d can be expanded is formed. Therefore, using this space, the length 11 of the individual headers 20a to 20d in the column direction can be made longer than the length of the fins 12 in the column direction.
- the header 20 (individual headers 20a to 20d) can be enlarged.
- the capacities of the individual headers 20a to 20d are increased in a state where the centers of the individual headers 20a to 20d are aligned on the central axis of the heat transfer tube 13 (vertical direction in FIG. 5). An example is shown.
- the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d can be made different between adjacent columns in the column direction.
- the header 20 can be made larger than when the positions are aligned.
- the heat exchanger of the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 5 and can be variously modified as follows without departing from the gist of the present invention. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first modification of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the fins 12 are not installed in the protruding portion 14, but in FIG. 6, the fins 12 (12a to 12d) are arranged.
- a heat-transfer area can be increased compared with the structure of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second modification of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d are sequentially increased from the innermost row (uppermost row in FIG. 5) to the outermost row (lowermost row in FIG. 5) of the heat exchange unit group 10. It was set as the arrangement
- FIG. 7 it arrange
- This structure is used when the flow of the refrigerant is, for example, (c) and (d) in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a third modification of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the individual headers 20a to 20a are sequentially arranged from the innermost row (uppermost row in FIG. 5) to the outermost row (lowermost row in FIG. 5) of the heat exchange unit group 10.
- the position 20d protruded in the direction in which the fins 12 are arranged side by side.
- the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d move from the innermost row (uppermost row in FIG. 8) of the heat exchange unit group 10 toward the outermost row (lowermost row in FIG. 8).
- the arrangement is such that the fins 12 are sequentially pulled in the direction in which the fins 12 are arranged.
- Embodiment 3 FIG.
- the third embodiment reduces the arrangement space of the individual headers 20a to 20d while reducing the arrangement space of the individual headers 20a to 20d.
- the capacity increase of ⁇ 20 is intended.
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of the periphery of the individual header that is the main part of the heat exchanger according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the respective arrangement positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d are arranged such that the center in the column direction of each of the cylindrical individual headers 20a to 20d is the central axis of the heat transfer tube 13 (in the drawing). It was made to correspond to a dashed-dotted line.
- the center in the column direction of each of the individual headers 20a to 20d is biased toward the inter-column side, and the individual headers 20a to 20d are located inside the ends (fin width) a in the column direction of the fins 12 It is configured.
- the same effects as in the first and second embodiments can be obtained, and the following effects can be obtained. That is, when the individual headers 20a to 20d are accommodated inside the fin width a and the arrangement space of the header 20 is made compact, the capacity of the individual headers 20a to 20d is the same as the arrangement of FIG. 1 (the positions of the individual headers 20a to 20d are Larger than when aligned in the direction).
- Embodiment 4 FIG.
- the volumes of the individual headers 20a to 20d are all the same.
- the volumes of the individual headers 20a to 20d are different.
- the rest of the configuration is the same as that of the third embodiment, and the following description focuses on the differences of the fourth embodiment from the third embodiment.
- Vapor refrigerant has a low density and a large flow velocity, so the pressure loss increases. On the other hand, since the liquid refrigerant has a high density and a low flow velocity, the pressure loss is small. Therefore, the capacity of the vapor-side individual header through which the vapor refrigerant passes is made smaller than the capacity of the liquid-side individual header.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the periphery of the individual header, which is a main part of the heat exchanger according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 is used as a condenser, as shown by the dotted arrows in FIG. leak. Therefore, in this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the capacities on the individual headers 20c and 20d side are increased, and the capacities on the individual headers 20a and 20b side are decreased.
- the individual headers 20a to 20d are configured to fit inside the fin width a.
- the same effects as those of the first to third embodiments can be obtained, and the pressure loss in the header 20 portion can be reduced by determining the capacities of the individual headers 20a to 20d according to the refrigerant density. it can. Further, the header 20 can be arranged efficiently.
- Embodiment 5 FIG.
- the structure of the heat exchanger 1 has been described.
- an air conditioner including the heat exchanger 1 of the first to fourth embodiments will be described.
- the configuration and operation of the fifth embodiment different from those of the first to fourth embodiments will be mainly described.
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the inside of the indoor unit of the air conditioning machine which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention.
- the dotted line arrows indicate the air flow direction.
- an electrical component box 56 are provided in the indoor unit main body 51.
- a suction port 58 for sucking indoor air into the main body 51 is provided in the vicinity of the center of the decorative panel 57.
- a blowout port 59 is provided for blowing out.
- the air sucked into the main body 51 from the suction port 58 is heat-exchanged through the respective heat exchangers 52, the temperature is adjusted, and the air is blown out from the outlet 59.
- the heat exchanger 1 according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments is used as the heat exchanger 52.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating two heat exchangers provided in an indoor unit of an air conditioner according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- the white arrow indicates the air flow direction.
- the two heat exchangers 52 are opposed to each other in a state where one of the two heat exchangers 52 is turned upside down with respect to the other as indicated by a dotted line in the figure.
- the two heat exchangers 52 have the same specifications for the headers 20 and 30, the distance between the fins 12 (parallel width), and the heat transfer tube 13. In manufacturing the indoor unit, the manufacturing cost of the heat exchanger part can be reduced.
- the flow direction of the refrigerant is set as a counter flow, and the structure of the heat exchanger 1 is set to the volume of each individual header 20a to 20d as shown in FIG.
- the refrigerant side and the liquid refrigerant side have different configurations, it is desirable that both of the two heat exchangers 52 be used under the same conditions.
- one of the heat exchangers 52 having the same configuration is arranged oppositely with respect to the other in an upside down state, the arrangement order of the small-volume individual header and the large-volume individual header in the air flow direction is It can be used under the same conditions.
- the heat exchanger 52 is disposed so as to surround the outer periphery of the circular fan 54, the distance between the fan 54 and the heat exchanger 52 is equalized, so that the wind speed distribution of the heat exchanger 52 is made uniform.
- the fan 54 and the heat exchanger 52 are arranged with high heat exchange efficiency. As the heat exchange performance increases, the amount of refrigerant required for the desired cooling or heating capacity can also be reduced. Further, since the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipes are collected at one place, the surrounding pipes are shortened and the cost can be reduced as compared with the case where the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipes are two or more places.
- an air conditioner capable of obtaining the same effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments can be obtained.
- Embodiment 6 FIG.
- the distance between the headers 20 and 30 and the fins 12 (parallel width) and the heat transfer tube 13 is one of the two heat exchangers 52 having the same specifications upside down with respect to the other. It was the structure which arranged oppositely in the state.
- the space between the headers 20 and 30 and the fins 12 and the heat transfer tubes 13 bend two heat exchangers 52 having the same specifications in opposite directions to form a bent portion 15, and the two heat exchangers
- the exchanger 52 is configured to face each other.
- the rest of the configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and the following description focuses on the differences of the sixth embodiment from the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating two heat exchangers provided in an indoor unit of an air conditioner according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- white arrows indicate the direction of air flow.
- the left heat exchanger 1a bends the header 30 side to the right side in FIG.
- the container 1b is bent on the left side as indicated by the dotted arrow in the header 30 side.
- the two heat exchangers 52 have the same specifications for the headers 20 and 30, the distance between the fins 12, and the heat transfer tubes 13, except that the bending portions 15 are opposite to each other. Therefore, in manufacturing the heat exchanger 52 (1a, 1b) to be incorporated in the main body 51 (see FIG. 11), only the bending direction of the heat exchanger 52 (1a, 1b) is changed. Can be consistent. For this reason, production efficiency increases and manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the inside of the headers 20 and 30 may be configured to communicate with each other in the step direction, or may be configured to include one or more partitions in the step direction. And when providing a partition in the step direction, not only when providing a partition at equal intervals, the space
- an air conditioner capable of obtaining the same effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments can be obtained. Further, according to the sixth embodiment, a heat exchanger having high heat exchange performance and high resistance to dew condensation can be provided as in the fifth embodiment.
- Embodiment 7 FIG.
- the air conditioner including the heat exchanger 1 according to the first to fourth embodiments has been described.
- the seventh embodiment includes the heat exchanger 1 according to the first to fourth embodiments.
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 60 includes a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor 61, a condenser (including a gas cooler) 62, an expansion valve 63 as a decompression device, and an evaporator 64 are sequentially connected by a refrigerant pipe.
- the heat exchanger 1 is used for at least one of the condenser 62 and the evaporator 64.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 61 flows into the condenser 62, exchanges heat with the air passing through the condenser 62, and flows out as high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the condenser 62 is decompressed by the expansion valve 63 to become a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the evaporator 64.
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the evaporator 64 exchanges heat with the air passing through the evaporator 64 to become low-pressure vapor refrigerant, and is sucked into the compressor 61 again.
- the seventh embodiment it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first to fourth embodiments, and to obtain the refrigeration cycle apparatus 60 that is energy saving, highly reliable, has a low refrigerant amount (low GWP), and is low in cost. Can do.
- low GWP refrigerant amount
- the configuration of the refrigerant circuit is not limited to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 14, and may include a four-way valve that switches the flow direction of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 61.
- the internal structure of the headers 20 and 30 has not been specifically described.
- the header 20 on the refrigerant inlet side has a uniform refrigerant. Apply means to distribute to. Arbitrary techniques can be appropriately employed as means for distributing the refrigerant evenly.
- the heat transfer tube 13 is a flat tube.
- the heat transfer tube 13 is not necessarily a flat tube, and may be a circular tube.
- the headers 20 and 30 are cylindrical. However, the headers 20 and 30 are not necessarily cylindrical and may be rectangular parallelepipeds.
- the present invention can be used for many industrial and household equipment equipped with a heat exchanger such as an air conditioner.
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Abstract
Description
<熱交換器の構成>
以下に、実施の形態1に係る熱交換器の構成について説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る熱交換器の構成を示す図である。図1の白抜き矢印は空気の流れを示している。また、図1には、互いに直交する列方向、並設方向、段方向の3軸を示している。また、図1の点線矢印は熱交換器に冷媒を対向流で流す場合の冷媒の流れ方向を示している。図2は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る熱交換器の伝熱管を示す図である。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る熱交換器の変形例1を示す図である。
図1では、熱交換部群10が全体略L字状の例を示したが、図4(a)に示すようにI字状の熱交換部群10を2箇所で略直角に曲げて構成した形状、(b)のU字状、(c)に示すように3箇所で折り曲げた四角形状としてもよい。
以上の実施の形態1では、個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置が列方向に揃っていたが、実施の形態2では、複数の個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置を、隣接する列同士でフィン12の並設方向に異ならせた構成としたものである。なお、ヘッダ30側は、隣接する列同士で共通の構成であるため、ヘッダ30の位置は、ある意味、隣接する列同士で並設方向に同じであり、並設方向に異なる構成ではない。よって、実施の形態2では、いわば、2つのヘッダ20、30のうち、複数の個別ヘッダ20a~20d側の位置のみを、隣接する列同士でフィン12の並設方向に異なった構成としている。それ以外の構成については実施の形態1と同様であり、以下では、実施の形態2が実施の形態1と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
図5のように、実施の形態2では、個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置が、隣接する列同士で異なっている。具体的には、伝熱管13のヘッダ20側のフィン12a~12dからの突出部14a~14d(総称するときは単に突出部14という)の突出長さが、隣接する列同士で異なることで、個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置が、隣接する列同士で異なっている。そして、実施の形態2では、このように複数の個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置を、隣接する列同士で異ならせる構成することで空いたスペースを使用して、個別ヘッダ20a~20dのヘッダ容量の増大化を図っている。
図6は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る熱交換器の変形例1を示す図である。
図5では、突出部14部分にフィン12が設置されていなかったが、図6では、フィン12(12a~12d)を配置している。このように構成した場合、図5の構成に比べて伝熱面積を増大できる。
図7は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る熱交換器の変形例2を示す図である。
図5では、熱交換部群10の最内側列(図5の最上側列)から最外側列(図5の最下側列)に向かうに連れて、順に個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置がフィン12の並設方向に突出する配置としていた。これに対し、図7では、曲げ部15の最内側列(図7の最上側列)から最外側列(図7の最下側列)に向かうに連れて交互に突出又は引込む配置としている。この構造は、冷媒の流れが例えば図3の(c)、(d)の場合に用いられる。
図8は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る熱交換器の変形例3を示す図である。
図5では、上述したように、熱交換部群10の最内側列(図5の最上側列)から最外側列(図5の最下側列)に向かうに連れて、順に個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置がフィン12の並設方向に突出する配置としていた。これに対し、図8では、個別ヘッダ20a~20dの位置が、熱交換部群10の最内側列(図8の最上側列)から最外側列(図8の最下側列)に向かうに連れて順にフィン12の並設方向に引込む配置とした。
実施の形態2では、個別ヘッダ20a~20dの配置スペースをコンパクト化する点について特に考慮していなかったが、実施の形態3は、個別ヘッダ20a~20dの配置スペースをコンパクト化しつつ、個別ヘッダ20a~20の容量増大を図るものである。
図5に示した実施の形態2では、個別ヘッダ20a~20dのそれぞれの配置位置を、円筒状の個別ヘッダ20a~20dのそれぞれの列方向の中心が、伝熱管13の中心軸(図中の一点鎖線)に一致するようにしていた。これに対し、図9では、個別ヘッダ20a~20dのそれぞれの列方向の中心が列間側に偏り、個別ヘッダ20a~20dがフィン12全体の列方向の両端(フィン幅)aより内側に収まる構成としている。
以上の実施の形態1~3では、各個別ヘッダ20a~20dの容積を全て同じとしたが、実施の形態3では、各個別ヘッダ20a~20dの容積が異なるものである。それ以外の構成については実施の形態3と同様であり、以下では、実施の形態4が実施の形態3と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
図1の熱交換器を凝縮器として用いる場合、図1の点線矢印で示したように流出入口21c、21dが冷媒入口となり蒸気冷媒が流入し、流出入口21a、21bが冷媒出口となり液冷媒が流出する。よって、この場合、図10に示したように個別ヘッダ20c、20d側の容量を大きくし、個別ヘッダ20a、20b側の容量を小さくする。また、図10においては、図9に示した実施の形態3と同様に、個別ヘッダ20a~20dがフィン幅aより内側に収まる構成としている。
以上の実施の形態1~4では、熱交換器1の構造について説明したが、実施の形態5では、実施の形態1~4の熱交換器1を備えた空調機について説明する。以下、実施の形態5が、実施の形態1~4と相違する構成及び動作を中心に説明する。
室内ユニットの本体51内には、2台の熱交換器52と、熱交換器52で生成されて滴下したドレン水を受け止めて溜めるドレンパン53と、ファン54と、ファン54を駆動するファンモータ55と、電気品箱56とが設けられている。本体51の下方には略四角形状の化粧パネル57が取付けられている。化粧パネル57の中央付近には室内の空気を本体51内に吸い込むための吸込口58が設けられ、吸込口58の周囲には熱交換器52により冷却又は加熱されて温度調整された空気を室内へと吹出すための吹出口59が設けられている。
図12に示すように、2台の熱交換器52は、一方が図示点線で示すように他方に対して上下反転した状態で対向配置している。2台の熱交換器52は、ヘッダ20、30、フィン12の間隔(並設幅)、伝熱管13が同仕様であり、このように同一仕様の2台の熱交換器52を用いることで、室内ユニットの製造にあたり、熱交換器部分の製造コストを低減できる。
以上の実施の形態5では、ヘッダ20、30、フィン12の間隔(並設幅)、伝熱管13が同仕様の2台の熱交換器52のうちの一方を他方に対して上下反転させた状態で対向配置した構成であった。実施の形態6では、ヘッダ20、30、フィン12の間隔、伝熱管13が同仕様の2台の熱交換器52を、互いに逆方向に曲げて曲げ部15を構成し、その2台の熱交換器52を対向配置した構成としたものである。それ以外の構成については実施の形態5と同様であり、以下では、実施の形態6が実施の形態5と相違する部分を中心に説明する。
図13に示すように、2台の熱交換器52(1a、1b)のうち、左側の熱交換器1aはヘッダ30側を点線矢印に示すように図13の右側に曲げ、右側の熱交換器1bはヘッダ30側を点線矢印に示すように左側に曲げている。2台の熱交換器52は、曲げ部15の向きが互いに逆方向となっている以外、ヘッダ20、30、フィン12の間隔、伝熱管13が同仕様である。よって、本体51(図11参照)内に組み込む熱交換器52(1a、1b)を製造するにあたり、熱交換器52(1a、1b)の曲げ方向を変えるのみであり、曲げ工程までを同手法で一貫してできる。このため、生産効率が上がり製造コストを低減できる。
以上の実施の形態5、6では、実施の形態1~4の熱交換器1を備えた空調機について説明したが、実施の形態7は、実施の形態1~4の熱交換器1を備えた冷凍サイクル装置に関する。
冷凍サイクル装置60は、圧縮機61と、凝縮器(ガスクーラー含む)62と、減圧装置としての膨張弁63と、蒸発器64とが冷媒配管によって順次連結された冷媒回路を備えている。凝縮器62と蒸発器64の少なくとも一方に、熱交換器1が用いられる。
Claims (14)
- 内部を冷媒が通過し、空気流れ方向に対して直交方向の段方向へ複数段設けられた複数の伝熱管と、前記空気流れ方向に空気が通過するように並設された複数のフィンとを有する熱交換部が、前記空気流れ方向である列方向に複数列配置されて構成された熱交換部群と、
前記熱交換部群の両端に配置され、前記複数の伝熱管の端部が接続されるヘッダとを備え、
前記熱交換部群は、前記列方向に曲げられた1つ以上の曲げ部を有し、
前記熱交換部群の一端側の前記ヘッダは、前記複数列の前記熱交換部に共通に設けられた1つのヘッダで構成され、前記熱交換部群の他端側の前記ヘッダは、各熱交換部毎に独立して設けられた複数の個別ヘッダで構成されており、前記複数の個別ヘッダの位置のみが、隣接する列同士で前記複数のフィンの並設方向に異なっている熱交換器。 - 前記複数の個別ヘッダが、前記熱交換部群の前記曲げ部の最内側列から最外側列に向かうに連れて順に前記複数のフィンの並設方向に突出又は引込むように配置されている
請求項1記載の熱交換器。 - 前記複数の個別ヘッダが、前記熱交換部群の前記曲げ部の最内側列から最外側列に向かうに連れて交互に前記複数のフィンの並設方向に突出又は引込むように配置されている
請求項1記載の熱交換器。 - 前記複数の個別ヘッダは、前記複数の個別ヘッダの位置を隣接する列同士で並設方向に異ならせることで空いたスペースを使用して容量の増大化が図られている
請求項1~請求項3の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器。 - 前記複数の個別ヘッダは、前記複数のフィン全体の列方向の両端よりも内側に収まるように構成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項4記載の熱交換器。 - 前記複数の個別ヘッダのうちの一部の容量と、前記複数の個別ヘッダのうちの残りの容量とが異なる
請求項1~請求項5の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器。 - 前記複数の個別ヘッダのうちの前記一部は蒸気冷媒の出入口となり、前記複数の個別ヘッダのうちの残りは液冷媒の出入口となり、蒸気冷媒側となる前記一部の前記個別ヘッダの容量が、液冷媒側となる前記残りの前記個別ヘッダの容量よりも大きい
請求項6記載の熱交換器。 - 前記伝熱管が扁平管である
請求項1~請求項7の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器。 - 請求項1~請求項8の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器を2つ備え、前記2つの前記熱交換器は、一方が他方に対して上下反転した状態で対向配置されている
空調機。 - 前記曲げ部の向きが互いに逆方向である請求項1~請求項8の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器を2つ備え、前記2つの前記熱交換器が対向配置されている
空調機。 - 前記2つの熱交換器は、前記熱交換部群の両端に配置された前記ヘッダ、前記複数のフィンの並設幅及び前記複数の伝熱管が同仕様である
請求項9又は請求項10記載の空調機。 - 請求項1~請求項8の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器を備えた
冷凍サイクル装置。 - 請求項1~請求項8の何れか一項に記載の熱交換器の製造方法であって、
前記熱交換部群の前記フィンと、前記複数の伝熱管と、前記熱交換部群の両端に配置された前記ヘッダとをロウ付けした後、前記列方向に1回以上の曲げ加工を行って曲げ部を形成する工程を含む熱交換器の製造方法。 - 前記曲げ加工は前記一端側のヘッダ側の位置を固定した状態で行う請求項13記載の熱交換器の製造方法。
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EP (1) | EP3037773B1 (ja) |
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CN105473973A (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
EP3037773B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
EP3037773A4 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
JPWO2015025702A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US20160169586A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
CN105473973B (zh) | 2017-07-28 |
US10670344B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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WO2015025365A1 (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
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