WO2015016111A1 - ポリエステルシート、ポリエステルシートから得られる成形体およびカード - Google Patents
ポリエステルシート、ポリエステルシートから得られる成形体およびカード Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015016111A1 WO2015016111A1 PCT/JP2014/069443 JP2014069443W WO2015016111A1 WO 2015016111 A1 WO2015016111 A1 WO 2015016111A1 JP 2014069443 W JP2014069443 W JP 2014069443W WO 2015016111 A1 WO2015016111 A1 WO 2015016111A1
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- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007644 letterpress printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010449 novaculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)O UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001955 polyphenylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYXPIEPOZNGSJX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dioxido-oxo-phenyl-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VYXPIEPOZNGSJX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
- B32B2250/244—All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/36
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/31—Heat sealable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/75—Printability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2425/00—Cards, e.g. identity cards, credit cards
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyester sheet excellent in heat resistance and moldability, a molded article obtained from the polyester sheet, and a card.
- Saturated polyester particularly polyester resin represented by polyethylene terephthalate
- polyester resin represented by polyethylene terephthalate
- A-PET amorphous polyester sheet
- This polyester sheet is used as a blister pack for food and medicine containers and miscellaneous goods by thermoforming, and also used as a clear case for putting cosmetics, electrical equipment, etc. taking advantage of its excellent transparency.
- A-PET has a low glass transition temperature, it is inferior in heat resistance. For example, in the field of heat-resistant containers used in microwave ovens, the practical range of use is greatly limited.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a biaxially stretched polyester film mainly composed of a mixture of polytrimethylene terephthalate and a polyester resin.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a biaxially stretched polyester film for molding containing an isosorbide component.
- inert particles having a specific secondary particle system are used in a specific ratio in a polyester polymer having a specific composition, and a polyhydric alcohol having 3 or more hydroxyl groups and a carbon number of 12 are used.
- a polyester sheet is disclosed in which an ester product of one or more aliphatic monocarboxylic acids is blended with an ester product of a specific polyhydric alcohol and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
- the biaxially stretched polyester film according to the invention described in Patent Document 1 has an oriented structure by the stretching process, it has high rigidity and excellent mechanical properties, but is inferior in thermoformability. Further, Patent Document 1 has no description about improvement in heat resistance by improving the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin, and does not suggest at all.
- Patent Document 2 has a description on improvement of heat resistance by improving glass transition temperature
- the biaxially stretched polyester film according to the invention described in Patent Document 2 is used after being dried at a high temperature in a post-processing printing step. Therefore, since a crystalline polyester resin having a melting point is used and biaxial stretching is performed, rigidity is increased and mechanical properties are excellent, but there is a problem that moldability is inferior.
- Patent Document 3 The invention described in Patent Document 3 is an amorphous non-oriented polyester sheet, which has improved slipping property, blocking property, and cutting property without impairing processing properties such as transparency, printability, and adhesiveness.
- Patent Document 3 there is no description about improvement of heat resistance and improvement of moldability by improving the glass transition temperature, and there is no suggestion at all.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a polyester sheet excellent in heat resistance and moldability.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- a polyester containing 1 mol% to 60 mol% of an ethylene glycol component and 1 mol% to 60 mol% of an isosorbide component is designated as polyester A
- a layer containing polyester A Have A polyester sheet characterized by being non-oriented.
- the polyester sheet according to (1) which has a laminated structure.
- the layer containing 100% by mass of polyester A in an amount of 100% by mass or less in 100% by mass of all components of the layer is defined as A layer, the layer A is provided.
- a layer is provided.
- 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol component is contained in an amount of 1 mol% to 60 mol% in a total of 100 mol% of the glycol component of polyester A
- the polyester sheet as described.
- polyester B is 50% by mass in 100% by mass of all components of the layer.
- the polyester sheet according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein a layer containing more than 100% by mass and less than 100% by mass is a B layer.
- a polyester sheet having excellent heat resistance and moldability can be provided.
- the present invention provides a layer containing polyester A, where polyester A is a polyester containing 1 mol% to 60 mol% of an ethylene glycol component and 1 mol% to 60 mol% of an isosorbide component in a total of 100 mol% of glycol components. And a non-oriented polyester sheet.
- polyester A is a polyester containing 1 mol% to 60 mol% of an ethylene glycol component and 1 mol% to 60 mol% of an isosorbide component in a total of 100 mol% of glycol components.
- a non-oriented polyester sheet The present invention will be described below.
- the polyester constituting the polyester sheet of the present invention is a general term for polymer compounds in which the main bonds in the main chain are ester bonds.
- Polyester is usually obtained by polycondensation reaction of dicarboxylic acid and glycol, and the polyester after polymerization is composed of a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component.
- polyester sheet of the present invention has a layer containing polyester A.
- Polyester A means a polyester containing 1 mol% to 60 mol% of ethylene glycol component and 1 mol% to 60 mol% of isosorbide component in a total of 100 mol% of glycol components.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention having such a layer can suitably maintain the strength and heat resistance as a sheet.
- the content of the ethylene glycol component in the glycol component of polyester A is preferably 5 mol% or more and 50 mol% or less, more preferably 13 mol% or more and 45 mol% or less, Preferably they are 20 mol% or more and 40 mol% or less.
- the content of the isosorbide component in the glycol component of polyester A is preferably 5 mol% or more and 50 mol% or less, more preferably 15 mol% or more and 40 mol% or less, and further preferably 22 mol% or more and 35 mol% or less. is there.
- Isosorbide is 1,4: 3,6-dianhydro-D-sorbitol, a diol having a structure represented by the following formula (I). Therefore, the isosorbide component is contained in the polyester A in the state of the following formula (II) as a glycol component.
- Isosorbide can be easily obtained from saccharides and starch that are biomass-derived components. For example, isosorbide can be obtained by hydrogenating D-glucose and performing a dehydration reaction. Since the polyester sheet of the present invention uses biomass-derived components, it can be an environmentally friendly sheet.
- the ethylene glycol used for the polyester sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, but by using biomass-derived ethylene glycol, a more environmentally friendly sheet can be obtained.
- the sheet of the present invention can obtain sufficient heat resistance even in the region of 90 ° C., which is a softening temperature in the conventional formulation, because the polyester A contains an ethylene glycol component and an isosorbide component in a specific range.
- the reason why the heat resistance of the sheet of the present invention having a layer containing polyester A containing an isosorbide component is improved is that the isosorbide component has a relatively rigid structure as in the above formula (II). Furthermore, the isosorbide component is limited in free rotation in the polyester molecular chain. Therefore, it is considered that the heat resistance of the sheet of the present invention is improved as a result of the softening of the polyester molecular chain becoming difficult and the glass transition temperature of the polyester A increasing.
- 1,2-propanediol component, 1,3-propanediol component, 1,3-butanediol component, 1,4- Aliphatic dihydroxy compound components such as butanediol component, 1,5-pentanediol component, 1,6-hexanediol component, neopentyl glycol component, diethylene glycol component, polyethylene glycol component, polypropylene glycol component, polytetramethylene glycol component, etc.
- Aromatic dihydroxylation such as polyoxyalkylene glycol component, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol component, alicyclic dihydroxy compound component such as spiroglycol component, bisphenol A component, bisphenol S component
- Aromatic dihydroxylation such as polyoxyalkylene glycol component, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol component, alicyclic dihydroxy compound component such as spiroglycol component, bisphenol A component, bisphenol S component
- the content of glycol components other than the ethylene glycol component and isosorbide component is preferably from the viewpoint of transparency when the total of glycol components in polyester A is 100 mol%. 1 mol% or more and 60 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or more and 54 mol% or less, and further preferably 30 mol% or more and 52 mol% or less.
- the polyester A preferably contains a 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol component as a glycol component.
- the polyester A is preferably a polyester having no melting point from the viewpoint of cold resistance, heat sealability, and printability.
- polyester 100A by adding 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol component to 30 mol% to 52 mol% in a total of 100 mol% of the glycol component of polyester A
- the melting point of A no longer exists.
- the fact that the melting point of the polyester A does not exist means that the polyester A is an amorphous resin.
- Polyester A has an ethylene glycol component of 20 mol% to 40 mol%, an isosorbide component of 22 mol% to 35 mol%, and a 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol component of 30 mol% in a total of 100 mol% of the glycol component. By setting it as the aspect containing 52 mol% or less above, it becomes a more preferable aspect of the polyester sheet of this invention.
- the preferred dicarboxylic acid component of the polyester A of the present invention includes terephthalic acid component, isophthalic acid component, phthalic acid component, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid component, diphenyldicarboxylic acid component, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid component, diphenoxyethane.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acid components such as dicarboxylic acid component, 5-sodium sulfone dicarboxylic acid component, oxalic acid component, succinic acid component, adipic acid component, sebacic acid component, dimer acid component, maleic acid component, fumaric acid component, etc.
- dicarboxylic acid components such as dicarboxylic acid components, alicyclic dicarboxylic acid components such as 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid component, and oxycarboxylic acid components such as paraoxybenzoic acid component.
- dicarboxylic acid ester derivative component include esterified products of the above dicarboxylic acid compounds, such as dimethyl terephthalate component, diethyl terephthalate component, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl terephthalate ester component, dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate component, isophthalate.
- a terephthalic acid component is preferably used as the dicarboxylic acid component of polyester A from the viewpoints of moldability and handleability.
- the terephthalic acid component is preferably 80 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less, more preferably 90 mol% or more and 100 mol% or less, and still more preferably 95 mol%. More than 100 mol%.
- the glass transition temperature of the polyester A of the present invention is preferably 85 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, more preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, and even more preferably 110 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower. .
- the glass transition temperature of polyester A is preferably 85 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, more preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower, and even more preferably 110 ° C. or higher and 150 ° C. or lower. .
- a polyester sheet having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.
- polyester A a commercially available raw material, for example, “ECOZEN” (manufactured by SK Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be preferably used.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention preferably has an A layer defined below in view of heat resistance, transparency, and the ability to lower the extrusion temperature when producing the sheet.
- a layer A layer containing 100% by mass or more of polyester A in excess of 50% by mass in 100% by mass of all components of the layer.
- the A layer is more preferably 100% by mass or less and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and most preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass of the polyester A. It is a layer including the following.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention preferably has a laminated structure, and particularly has a B layer defined below, with emphasis on the moldability during thermoforming and the point that the preheating temperature before molding can be lowered. It is preferable.
- Polyester B includes polyhydroxy alkanoic acids such as polylactic acid and polyhydroxybutyrate, polycaprolactone, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polyethylene adipate, polybutylene succinate adipate It is done. Among these, any one polyester selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, polyethylene naphthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate is preferable. Polyester B is other than polyester A.
- the B layer is more preferably 100% by mass or less and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and most preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass of the polyester B. It is a layer including the following.
- the layer which contains polyester B more than 50 mass% and 100 mass% or less in 100 mass% of all components of the layer is polyhydroxyalkanoic acid, polycaprolactone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, A layer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polyethylene adipate, and polybutylene succinate adipate containing more than 50% by mass and not more than 100% by mass, and the total content thereof is 50 It does not mean a layer containing more than 100% by mass and not more than 100% by mass.
- the polyester B is more preferably polyethylene terephthalate or polylactic acid.
- polyester sheet of the present invention has an A layer
- the A layer may contain less than 50% by mass of polyester B in addition to the polyester A in 100% by mass of all components of the A layer.
- the A layer does not contain the polyester B.
- polyester B in the A layer exceeds 0% by mass and is less than 50% by mass. It is preferable to include.
- Polyester B contained in the A layer is preferably polyethylene terephthalate or polylactic acid from the viewpoint that the preheating temperature during post-processing thermoforming can be lowered.
- the B layer may contain less than 50% by mass of polyester A in 100% by mass of all components of the B layer.
- the B layer does not contain polyester A.
- the B layer preferably contains polyester A.
- this B layer contains more than 0 mass% and less than 50 mass% of polyester A in 100 mass% of all the components of B layer.
- polyester A As a method of adding polyester A to the B layer, there is a method of adding a recovered raw material containing polyester A in addition to a method of adding unused polyester A at the time of producing a polyester sheet.
- the term “unused polyester” as used herein means a polyester that has never been used for sheet film formation.
- the recovered material is a flake obtained by crushing a sheet ear or scrap sheet generated in the sheet forming process, a product re-pelletized using an extruder, or the polyester of the present invention. Flakes obtained by pulverizing scraps (molded scraps, scrap scraps, etc.) generated during the production of compacts made of sheets, and re-pelletized products using an extruder Means.
- polyester B of the B layer it is preferable to use polyethylene terephthalate as the polyester B of the B layer. That is, since polyester A and polyethylene terephthalate have good compatibility, even if a recovered material containing polyester A is added to the B layer to obtain the polyester sheet of the present invention, the increase in haze can be suppressed and transparency is improved. This is because a good sheet can be obtained.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention can contain a recovered raw material within a range that does not impair the performance of the present invention for the purpose of reducing the environmental load.
- the content of the recovered raw material is 5% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and most preferably 15% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less, in 100% by mass of all components of the layer. .
- the polyester sheet of the present invention is in the form of a layered structure of A layer / B layer / A layer, it is more preferable that the recovered material is contained in the B layer of the intermediate layer from the viewpoint of heat resistance and transparency. . Since the recovered raw materials can be used positively, the environmental load can be reduced and an environmentally friendly sheet can be obtained.
- the polylactic acid used in the present invention contains an L-lactic acid component and / or a D-lactic acid component as a main component.
- the main component of the L-lactic acid component and / or the D-lactic acid component is that the lactic acid component is 70% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less in 100% by mass of all the monomer components constituting the polymer.
- Homopolylactic acid consisting essentially of only an L-lactic acid component and / or a D-lactic acid component is preferably used.
- the polylactic acid used in the present invention preferably has crystallinity.
- polylactic acid has crystallinity means that a melting point derived from polylactic acid is observed when DSC measurement is performed.
- homopolylactic acid has higher melting point and crystallinity as the optical purity is higher.
- the melting point and crystallinity of polylactic acid are affected by the molecular weight and the catalyst used during polymerization.
- homopolylactic acid having an optical purity of 98 mol% or more has a melting point of about 170 ° C. and a relatively high crystallinity. Further, as the optical purity is lowered, the melting point and crystallinity are lowered.
- homopolylactic acid having an optical purity of 88 mol% has a melting point of about 145 ° C. With homopolylactic acid having an optical purity of 75 mol%, the melting point is about 120 ° C. Homopolylactic acid having an optical purity lower than 70 mol% does not show a clear melting point and becomes amorphous.
- the polylactic acid used in the present invention can be mixed with crystalline homopolylactic acid and amorphous homopolylactic acid for the purpose of imparting or improving necessary functions.
- the proportion of amorphous homopolylactic acid may be determined within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- at least one of the polylactic acids used includes polylactic acid having an optical purity of 97 mol% or more.
- at least one of the polylactic acids used contains polylactic acid having an optical purity of less than 97 mol%.
- the weight average molecular weight of polylactic acid is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 100,000 or more and 300,000 or less in view of mechanical properties.
- the range is more preferably 120,000 to 280,000, still more preferably 130,000 to 270,000, and particularly preferably 140,000 to 260,000.
- the polylactic acid may contain components other than the lactic acid component (L-lactic acid component or D-lactic acid component) as long as the performance of the present invention is not impaired.
- other components include polycarboxylic acid components, polyhydric alcohol components, hydroxycarboxylic acid components, and lactone components.
- succinic acid components adipic acid components, sebacic acid components, fumaric acid components
- Polycarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid component, isophthalic acid component, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid component, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component, 5-tetrabutylphosphonium sulfoisophthalic acid component or derivatives thereof, ethylene glycol component, propylene Glycol component, butanediol component, pentanediol component, hexanediol component, octanediol component, neopentylglycol component, glycerin component, trimethylolpropane component, pentaerythritol component, trimethylolpropane component or pentaerythris
- Polyhydric alcohol component with ethylene oxide component or propylene oxide component added to tall component, aromatic polyhydric alcohol component with addition reaction of ethylene oxide component with
- Polyhydric alcohols or derivatives thereof glycolic acid component, 3-hydroxybutyric acid component, 4-hydroxybutyric acid component, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid component, 6-hydroxycaproic acid component and other hydroxycarboxylic acids, and glycolide component, ⁇ -Caprolactone glycolide component, ⁇ -caprolactone component, ⁇ -propiolacto component, ⁇ -butyrolactone component, ⁇ - or ⁇ -butyrolactone component, pivalolactone component, ⁇ -valero
- lactones such as lactone components include polyethylene terephthalate used in the present invention, a dicarboxylic acid component derived from terephthalic acid or an ester derivative thereof, and a glycol component derived from ethylene glycol or an ester derivative thereof. Can be manufactured.
- dicarboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid may be used as the dicarboxylic acid component in addition to terephthalic acid.
- dicarboxylic acids examples include isophthalic acid component, phthalic acid component, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid component, diphenyldicarboxylic acid component, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid component, diphenoxyethane dicarboxylic acid component, 5-sodium sulfone dicarboxylic acid.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acid components such as components, oxalic acid components, succinic acid components, adipic acid components, sebacic acid components, dimer acid components, maleic acid components, fumaric acid components and other aliphatic dicarboxylic acid components, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Examples thereof include dicarboxylic acid compound components such as alicyclic dicarboxylic acid components such as acid components and oxycarboxylic acid components such as paraoxybenzoic acid components.
- dicarboxylic acid ester derivative component examples include esterified products of the above dicarboxylic acid compounds, such as dimethyl terephthalate component, diethyl terephthalate component, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl terephthalate ester component, dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate component, isophthalate.
- dimethyl acid component examples include a dimethyl acid component, a dimethyl adipate component, a diethyl maleate component, and a dimer acid dimethyl component.
- Such a dicarboxylic acid component other than the terephthalic acid component is preferably 10 mol% or less when the total of the dicarboxylic acid components contained in polyethylene terephthalate is 100 mol%.
- a small amount of a glycol component other than the ethylene glycol component may be used as the glycol component in addition to the ethylene glycol component.
- glycol components include 1,2-propanediol component, 1,3-propanediol component, 1,3-butanediol component, 1,4-butanediol component, 1,5-pentanediol component, 1 , 6-Hexanediol component, aliphatic dihydroxy compound component such as neopentyl glycol component, diethylene glycol component, polyethylene glycol component, polypropylene glycol component, polyoxyalkylene glycol component such as polytetramethylene glycol component, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol
- alicyclic dihydroxy compound components such as components and spiroglycol components, and aromatic dihydroxy compound components such as bisphenol A component and bisphenol S component.
- Various commercially available raw materials can be preferably used as polyethylene terephthalate.
- trade name: “Novapex” (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), trade name: “Byron” (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), trade name : “Belpet” (manufactured by Bell Polyester), trade name: “Texpet” (manufactured by Daewoo Japan Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- the whiteness of the polyester sheet of the present invention is preferably 70% or more and 100% or less when used for applications that require concealment.
- a method in which the A layer contains 20% by mass or more of polylactic acid polyester
- a method in which 20% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass of polyester A is contained in 100% by mass of all components of the B layer.
- the transparency of the sheet is lost, and the obtained polyester sheet becomes cloudy, and the whiteness can be set to 70% to 100%.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention preferably has a storage elastic modulus in the sheet width direction at 100 ° C. of 200 MPa or more and less than 3,000 MPa from the viewpoint of heat resistance and moldability. If the storage elastic modulus at 100 ° C. is less than 200 MPa, the heat resistance of the polyester sheet of the present invention and the heat resistance of a molded body produced using the sheet may be lowered. Conversely, when the storage elastic modulus is 3,000 MPa or more, the heat resistance is excellent, but the moldability may be deteriorated.
- the storage elastic modulus in the sheet width direction at 100 ° C. is preferably 200 MPa or more, more preferably 600 MPa or more, and most preferably 1200 MPa or more.
- the storage elastic modulus in the sheet width direction at 100 ° C. is preferably less than 3,000 MPa, and most preferably 2,000 MPa or less.
- the method for setting the storage elastic modulus at 100 ° C. to 200 MPa or more and less than 3,000 MPa is not particularly limited.
- the polyester contained in the A layer examples thereof include a method in which a polyester having a glass transition temperature of 110 ° C. or more and 150 ° C. or less is used as A, and the polyester A is contained in an amount of 60% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less in 100% by mass of all components of the A layer.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention has a layer containing polyester A.
- the polyester sheet may have either a single-layer structure composed of only the layer or a laminated structure having at least one layer.
- a single-layer configuration consisting only of a layer containing polyester A, a single-layer configuration having an A layer described later, a laminated configuration including an A layer and a B layer described later, and a B layer described later includes a polyester A.
- a single layer configuration can be given.
- a layer, B layer containing polyester A for example, A layer, B layer, A layer / B layer, A layer / B layer / A layer, B layer / A layer / B layer, A layer / A layer , A layer / A layer / A layer, B layer / B layer containing polyester A, B layer / B layer / B layer containing polyester A, B layer / B layer containing polyester A, and the like.
- thermoforming heat resistance, transparency, the extrusion temperature at the time of producing the sheet can be lowered, and the moldability at the time of post-processing thermoforming, and preheating before molding at the time of thermoforming
- the configuration of A layer / B layer / A layer is particularly preferable because the temperature can be lowered.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention has an A layer in the outermost layer, which is excellent in heat resistance and transparency, and can lower the extrusion temperature at the time of producing the sheet.
- a layer in the outermost layer which is excellent in heat resistance and transparency, and can lower the extrusion temperature at the time of producing the sheet.
- B layer in the inner layer that can lower the preheating temperature before molding when processing, it is excellent in heat resistance and transparency, can lower the extrusion temperature during sheet production, and is thermoformed for post processing It can be set as the sheet
- the polyester sheet of the present invention having a laminated structure is between the A layer and the B layer, between the A layer and the A layer, between the B layer and the B layer, It is particularly preferable that these layers are directly laminated without other layers. That is, the polyester sheet of the present invention preferably has no adhesive layer or the like. Therefore, in the polyester sheet of this invention which has A layer and B layer, manufacturing by coextrusion is preferable. From the viewpoint of interlayer adhesion, it is more preferable to use polyethylene terephthalate as polyester B.
- the thickness of the polyester sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 2000 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more and 1500 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 200 ⁇ m or more and 750 ⁇ m or less.
- the lamination ratio of the polyester sheet of the laminated structure of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the lamination ratio that is, “A layer thickness” Is preferably a ratio of 1/15 to 20/1, more preferably 1/15 to 6/1, and even more preferably 1/5 to 2 /. 1, most preferably 1/10 to 2/3.
- total thickness means, for example, the thickness of one layer of the A layer when only one A layer is present, and when two or more A layers are present, It means the sum of the thicknesses of two or more A layers.
- the lamination ratio that is, “total thickness of A layer” / “total thickness of B layer” / “ The total thickness of layer A ”is preferably 1/3/1 to 1/20/1, more preferably 1/4/1 to 1/18/1, and even more preferably 1/5/1. 1/16/1, most preferably 1/6/1 to 1/15/1.
- the “total thickness” is as described above.
- the resin or polyester sheet used in the present invention is dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) or a mixed solvent of HFIP and chloroform, and qualifies the dicarboxylic acid component and the glycol component using 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR. Or the content can be quantified.
- HFIP hexafluoroisopropanol
- chloroform a mixed solvent of HFIP and chloroform
- Polyester A used in the present invention preferably has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.40 dl / g or more, more preferably 0.50 dl / g, from the viewpoint of moldability during post-processing thermoforming and film formation stability. Above, especially preferably 0.55 dl / g or more.
- the upper limit of the intrinsic viscosity is preferably 1.0 dl / g from the viewpoint of ejection stability during extrusion of the molten resin.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention has a cold resistance, heat sealability, and printability, regardless of whether it is a single-layer structure having only a layer containing polyester A or a laminated structure having at least a layer containing polyester A.
- whether or not the polyester sheet is non-oriented can be determined by the degree of plane orientation: ⁇ P. That is, when the degree of plane orientation: ⁇ P is 0 or more and 0.008 or less, it means that the polyester sheet is non-oriented.
- the method for non-orienting is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, but it is preferable to use a T die casting method in which a resin is extruded using a T die.
- a method for measuring the degree of plane orientation: ⁇ P will be described later.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention can contain various additives as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- additives that can be contained in the polyester sheet of the present invention include fillers (glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber, natural fiber, organic fiber, glass flake, glass bead, ceramic fiber, ceramic bead, asbestos, wallastite. , Talc, clay, mica, sericite, zeolite, bentonite, montmorillonite, synthetic mica, dolomite, kaolin, fine silicic acid, feldspar powder, potassium titanate, shirasu balloon, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium oxide, oxidation Aluminum, titanium oxide, aluminum silicate, silicon oxide, gypsum, novaculite, dosonite or clay, ultraviolet absorbers (resorcinol, salicylate, benzotriazole, benzophenone, etc.), heat stabilizers (hin Such as phenol, hydroquinone, phosphites and their substitutes), lubricants, release agents (such as montanic acid and its salts, esters, half esters
- the polyester sheet of the present invention preferably contains inorganic particles such as talc, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate and silicon oxide.
- the average particle size of the inorganic particles is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the polyester sheet of the present invention is not impaired, but considering the slipperiness and winding property of the sheet, it is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and less than 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m. This is less than 2 ⁇ m.
- the “average particle diameter of the inorganic particles” can be measured as an average particle diameter when the cumulative mass fraction is 50% by measuring using a Cole counter (for example, Nippon Chemical Machinery Co., Ltd.).
- the content of the inorganic particles is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the polyester sheet of the present invention is not impaired, but considering the slipperiness and winding property of the sheet, in each layer constituting the polyester sheet of the present invention, all components of each layer In 100 mass%, 0.05 mass% or more and 1.0 mass% or less are preferable, and 0.1 mass% or more and 0.7 mass% or less are more preferable.
- a known method can be adopted and is not particularly limited. For example, it can be added at the time of polymerization, mixed using a blender after polymerization, or a high-concentration master batch of inorganic particles prepared in advance and diluted.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention can be added with one or more crystal nucleating agents as long as it does not impair the purpose of the present invention.
- crystal nucleating agents preferably used for the polyester sheet of the present invention include inorganic nucleating agents such as talc, organic bisuluric acid amides, ethylene bis-12-dihydroxystearic acid amides, and trimesic acid tricyclohexyl amides.
- inorganic nucleating agents such as talc, organic bisuluric acid amides, ethylene bis-12-dihydroxystearic acid amides, and trimesic acid tricyclohexyl amides.
- examples thereof include amide compounds, pigment nucleating agents such as copper phthalocyanine and pigment yellow 110, organic carboxylic acid metal salts, and zinc phenylphosphonate.
- the dynamic friction coefficient ⁇ d of the polyester sheet of the present invention is preferably 0.20 or more and 0.40 or less. If ⁇ d is less than 0.20, winding deviation and meandering may occur. On the other hand, if ⁇ d is larger than 0.40, sheets with different surfaces laminated in order during molding may not slide, and a feeding failure may occur, resulting in a reduction in processing efficiency.
- the method for satisfying the preferred range of the above-mentioned dynamic friction coefficient in the polyester sheet of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the method for containing inorganic particles in the sheet, particularly the outermost layer containing inorganic particles examples include a method of containing 20% by mass or more of polylactic acid in the A layer in 100% by mass of all components of the A layer.
- a printing layer can be formed on the surface of the polyester sheet depending on the purpose.
- the printing layer is preferably laminated directly with the A layer from the viewpoint of the adhesion between the ink and the sheet.
- it is effective to use polyester A having no melting point as the polyester A used for the A layer.
- the print layer is formed by printing a desired print pattern made up of characters, figures, symbols, patterns, etc. From the viewpoint of improving the adhesion between the ink used in the printing layer and the surface layer of the sheet of the present invention, the surface layer is subjected to corona treatment under air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide atmosphere, plasma treatment, ozone treatment, flame treatment, etc. The pretreatment may be performed.
- the printing can be formed by various known printing methods such as gravure printing, offset printing, letterpress printing, screen printing, transfer printing, flexographic printing, and ink jet printing.
- the ink used for printing may be either water-based ink or non-water-based ink such as solvent-based ink.
- the thickness of the printing layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.4 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of printed appearance.
- Resin which is the raw material of layer A and layer B, is melt-extruded into each extruder, and after removing foreign matter with a wire mesh and adjusting the flow rate with a gear pump, supply them to a multi-manifold base or a feed block installed on the top of the base. To do. It is important that the multi-manifold base or the feed block is provided with a desired number of channels having a desired shape in accordance with a required sheet layer configuration. The molten resin extruded from each extruder is merged by the multi-manifold die or the feed block as described above, and coextruded into a sheet form from the die.
- the sheet is brought into close contact with the casting drum by an air knife or a method such as electrostatic application, and is cooled and solidified to form an unstretched sheet, or is discharged between a pair of casting drums and a polishing roll to be in close contact with the casting drum. It can be manufactured by a method using a touch roll method in which it is cooled and solidified to produce an unstretched sheet.
- wire mesh mesh of 50 to 400 mesh in order to prevent surface roughness due to mixing of foreign matters such as gels and thermally deteriorated materials.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention is excellent in moldability, it can be suitably used as a molded product. That is, the molded product of the present invention is a molded product obtained from the polyester sheet of the present invention.
- the molded product means a product obtained by subjecting a sheet to some processing including punching, cutting, ruled line processing, bending processing, and thermoforming processing.
- the sheet preheating method in various molding methods includes the indirect heating method and the hot plate direct heating method.
- the indirect heating method is a method in which the sheet is preheated by a heating device installed at a position away from the sheet, and the hot plate is directly heated.
- the system is a system in which the sheet is preheated by contacting the sheet and the hot plate, but the polyester sheet of the present invention is a vacuum forming process of an indirect heating system, a vacuum / pressure forming process, or a vacuum / pressure forming process of a hot plate direct heating system. It can be preferably used for processing.
- the polyester sheet of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance and moldability, and additionally has reduced environmental load, it is a packaging container, various electronic / electrical equipment, OA bag equipment, vehicle parts, machine parts, and other agriculture. It is useful for various uses such as materials, fishery materials, transport containers, playground equipment and sundries. Among these, it can be preferably used for applications requiring heat resistance and moldability, such as food molded containers and beverage cup lids. Further, when polyester A having no melting point is used as polyester A used for the A layer, the polyester sheet of the present invention is excellent in cold resistance, heat sealability, and printability, and therefore cold resistance is particularly required.
- the card means an ID card, a membership card, a cash card, a credit card, a commuter pass, a pass ticket, and the like.
- the display case here means a backlit advertisement display board, a display case such as a cigarette, a display can such as a beverage can.
- a sample was cut out from the center portion in the width direction (hereinafter referred to as TD direction) of the lamination ratio sheet.
- TD direction width direction
- an ultrathin section is taken at -100 ° C so that the longitudinal direction of the sample piece (hereinafter referred to as MD direction)-cross section in the thickness direction is the observation surface did.
- a sheet cross-sectional photograph of the thin film section of the sheet cross section was taken at a magnification of 1,000 times (magnification can be adjusted as appropriate) using a scanning electron microscope, and the thickness of each layer was measured. The observation location was changed, measurements were taken at 10 locations, the average value of the obtained values was taken as the thickness ( ⁇ m) of each layer, and the lamination ratio of the sheets was determined from the thickness of each layer.
- Thickness dial gauge thickness gauge JIS B7503 (1997), UPAIGHT DIAL GAUGE made by PEACOCK (0.001 ⁇ 2 mm), No. 25, measuring element 5 mm ⁇ flat type) at intervals of 10 cm in the MD direction and TD direction of the sheet 10 points at a time, and the average value was taken as the thickness ( ⁇ m) of the sheet.
- Haze value (%) The haze value of the sheet was measured using a haze meter HGM-2DP type (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.). A sample for measuring the haze value was cut out from the center of the sheet. The measurement was performed 5 times per sample, and the average value of 5 measurements (average haze value) was used.
- Impact resistance Impact value (N ⁇ m / mm) Using a film impact tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho), the impact value of the sheet was measured in an atmosphere of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH using a hemispherical impact head having a diameter of 1/2 inch. A sheet sample was prepared in a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and the measurement was performed 5 times per sample. Furthermore, the impact value for each time was divided by the thickness of the measurement sample, and the impact value per unit thickness was obtained from the average value of five measurements. The sample thickness was measured with a digital micrometer.
- the sheet was cut into a rectangle of 60 mm (TD direction) ⁇ 5 mm width (MD direction) to obtain a sample for TD direction measurement.
- the storage elastic modulus (E ′) at 100 ° C. in the TD direction was determined using a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring apparatus (DMS6100, manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.) under the following conditions.
- Frequency 10 Hz
- test length 20 mm
- minimum load about 100 mN
- amplitude 10 ⁇ m
- Measurement temperature range ⁇ 50 ° C. to 200 ° C.
- temperature rising rate 5 ° C./min.
- DSC measurement melting point, glass transition temperature
- the melting point and glass transition temperature of the resin were subjected to DSC measurement and analysis according to JIS K7121-1987 and JIS K7122-1987, using a differential scanning calorimeter (Seiko Denshi Kogyo RDC220).
- the measurement conditions are 5 mg of the sample, a nitrogen atmosphere, a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min, and a temperature decrease rate of 20 ° C./min.
- the melting point of the resin was the temperature at the top of the endothermic peak. Also, the glass transition temperature is obtained by reading the specific heat change based on the transition from the glass state to the rubber state, and the straight line equidistant from the extended straight line of each baseline in the vertical axis (axis indicating heat flow) It was set as the temperature of the intermediate point of the point where the curve of the step-like change part intersects. The measurement was performed under the following conditions.
- Intrinsic viscosity Intrinsic viscosity was measured by dissolving a resin in ortho-chlorophenol at 150 ° C. at a concentration of 0.12% by mass, and using a Ubbelohde viscometer in a constant temperature bath at 35 ° C.
- Plane orientation degree ⁇ P (discrimination of orientation state) Using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-21ADH manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., “Materials” Vol. 43, no. 495, pp. 1520-1524, Dec.
- the heat resistance of the sheet was measured as shown in FIG. That is, the sheet was cut into 150 mm (TD direction) ⁇ 50 mm (MD direction), and used as a sheet sample for heat resistance measurement. Further, a line is drawn with a magic so as to be divided into three with respect to the sheet TD direction, and the middle area is defined as the sheet center.
- a double-sided tape was affixed on the struts (50 mm (horizontal width) ⁇ 50 mm (vertical width)), and the sheet was affixed to the struts so that the region in the center of the sheet and the struts overlapped.
- the column with the sheet attached was placed in an oven set at 100 ° C. and stored for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the difference between the height of the column and the height of both ends of the sheet was read, and the amount of deflection was obtained as shown in the following formula.
- the height of the right end is the height from the ground to the center of the right end in the MD direction
- the height of the left end is the height from the ground to the center of the left end of the MD direction
- the height of both ends of the seat is the height of the right end. It was set as the average value of the height of the left end.
- the amount of deflection before and after storage in an oven was compared to evaluate the heat resistance of the sheet. If the evaluation of heat resistance is B or more, it can be used practically without any problem.
- Deflection amount height of struts ⁇ height of both ends of sheet Heat resistance of sheet S: Deflection amount before and after storage in oven is less than 4 mm A: Deflection amount before and after storage in oven is 4 mm or more and less than 8 mm B: In oven Deflection amount before and after storage is 8 mm or more and less than 12 mm C: Deflection amount before and after storage in oven is 12 mm or more.
- moldability evaluation 320 mm (MD direction) x 460 mm (TD direction) single-wafer sample tray 150 mm x 210 mm, bottom 105 mm x 196 mm, height 50 mm
- preheating and molding were performed under temperature conditions such that the sheet temperature during molding was in the range of 110 ° C to 160 ° C.
- the obtained molded body was placed in a hot air oven set at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes with the bottom surface of the molded body facing up, and the heat resistance of the molded body was evaluated in three stages by the height maintenance rate.
- the height of the molded body was determined to be the height of the bottom surface when the molded body was observed from the side, with the bottom surface of the molded body facing upward.
- the heat resistance level is B or more, it can be used practically without any problem.
- Heat resistance of molded product S 95% to 100% of original height (50 mm) A: 90% to less than 95% of original height (50 mm) B: 85% or more of original height (50 mm) Less than 90% C: Less than 85% of the original height (50 mm) Moldability S (very good) of the molded product: The sheet is molded so as to sufficiently follow the bottom portion of the tray-shaped molded product, The sheet thickness at the center of the bottom is kept at 30% or more of the original film thickness. A (good): The sheet is formed so as to sufficiently follow the tray-shaped bottom surface, but the sheet thickness at the center of the bottom surface is less than 30% of the original film thickness. C (Poor molding): The sheet is not sufficiently follow-formed to the bottom surface of the tray shape, or even if the sheet is follow-formed, breakage of the sheet at the bottom is confirmed.
- Formability was evaluated by measuring the followability to the bottom surface when a tray-shaped molded body was produced and the sheet thickness of the central portion of the bottom. If it is S or A, it can be molded without any practical problem.
- Heat sealability heat seal strength measurement
- the heat seal strength of the sheet was measured using a heat seal machine (TP-701S HEAT SEAL TESTER, TESTER SANGYO CO, LTD) with a Teflon (registered trademark) coating at a residence time of 2.1 kgf / cm 2 for 1 second.
- the heating type flat upper heat seal fixture and the non-heated lower heat seal fixture made of rubber and coated with glass cloth were used.
- the sheet has a predetermined heat seal temperature of 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, and 170 ° C., and the A layer is the outermost layer or the A layer / B layer.
- the conditions for the peel test were as follows. In the peel force curve, the value was read to obtain the heat seal strength.
- ⁇ Peel tester Tensile Seiki Seisakusho tensile tester ⁇ Peel angle: 90 ° ⁇ Peeling speed: 200 mm / min ⁇ Chart speed: 20 mm / min ⁇ Peeling direction: longitudinal direction ⁇ Sample width: 25 mm Three test pieces were collected from the same sample, and the same measurement was performed three times. The average value of the obtained values was defined as the heat seal strength (g / 25 mm).
- the heat sealability was judged according to the following criteria. Among the heat seals at temperatures of 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, and 170 ° C., the highest heat seal strength was determined. Practically, if it is B or more, it can be used without any problem. S: 300 g / 25 mm or more A: 200 g / 25 mm or more and less than 300 g / 25 mm B: 100 g / 25 mm or more and less than 200 g / 25 mm C: less than 100 g / 25 mm Printability Nitrocellulose ink CCST manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd.
- Coefficient of dynamic friction ⁇ d According to JIS-K-7125 (1999), using a slip tester (manufactured by Toyo Tester Kogyo Co., Ltd.), using a load of 200 g weight, the dynamic friction using the following formula from the resistance value (resistance force) in the stable region after sliding out Coefficient: The value of ⁇ d was determined.
- the measurements were made by combining the A layers.
- the A layer and the B layer are the outermost layers as in the layered structure of the A layer / B layer, the A layer and the B layer were measured together.
- Coefficient of dynamic friction: ⁇ d resistance value / load 14.
- Whiteness L, a, and b values were determined using a spectroscopic color difference meter SE-2000 (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.), and whiteness was determined using the following equation.
- Whiteness (%) 100 ⁇ [(100 ⁇ L) 2 + a 2 + b 2 ] 1/2 The measurement was performed three times for each sample, and was obtained from the average value of the three measurements.
- Cold resistance Cold resistance: Impact value (N ⁇ m / mm) Using a film impact tester (manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho), the impact value of the sheet was measured using a hemispherical impact head having a diameter of 1 ⁇ 2 inch in an atmosphere of a temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. and a humidity of 65% RH. A sheet sample was prepared in a size of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, and the measurement was performed 5 times per sample. Furthermore, the impact value for each time was divided by the thickness of the measurement sample, and the impact value per unit thickness was obtained from the average value of five measurements. The sample thickness was measured with a digital micrometer.
- the raw materials used in the production examples, examples, and comparative examples of the present invention are as follows. In the production examples, examples, and comparative examples, the following abbreviations may be used.
- Polyester A (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A1-MB), polyester B (B1, B2, B3, B4), and recovered materials (C1, C2) having the following physical properties were used.
- glass transition temperature 78 ° C.
- melting point 266 ° C.
- A1-MB In A1 above, 95% by mass of A1 above and 5% by mass of “Silton” JC-20 (average particle size: 2.0 ⁇ m) which is aluminum silicate manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd. were blended. The produced chip was designated as A1-MB. Before use, it was dried at 90 ° C. for 5 hours in a rotary vacuum dryer.
- Flakes obtained by pulverizing scraps (such as stamped scraps and scrap scraps) generated when a molded body made of a sheet manufactured in Example 16 to be described later is manufactured. Before use, it was dried at 90 ° C. for 5 hours in a rotary vacuum dryer.
- Example 1 In the vent type extruder (1), A1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the A layer was extruded at 245 ° C. while degassing the vacuum vent part while melting and kneading, and the polymer was passed through a 100 mesh metal mesh. Filter and co-extrusion into a single layer type die from a T die die set at a die temperature of 245 ° C., cooled to 40 ° C. and discharged between a pair of casting drums and polishing rolls, closely attached to the casting drum and solidified by cooling And after producing an unstretched sheet, the sheet was wound up with a winder.
- A1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the A layer was extruded at 245 ° C. while degassing the vacuum vent part while melting and kneading, and the polymer was passed through a 100 mesh metal mesh. Filter and co-extrusion into a single layer type die from a T die die set
- the obtained sheet was 250 ⁇ m, and the obtained sheet was formed into a molded body by the method described in the section for forming a molded body in [Method for measuring physical properties and method for evaluating effects].
- the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded product are as shown in the table, the sheet is non-oriented, excellent in transparency, impact resistance, heat sealability, printability, heat resistance, and cold resistance, and molded.
- the heat resistance of the body was excellent.
- Example 2 to 8, 10 to 12, 45 Examples 2 to 8, 10 to 12 and 45 were the same as Example 1 except that the resin of layer A, the extrusion temperature (° C.) of the extruder (1), and the die temperature (° C.) were changed as shown in the table. Thus, a sheet and a molded body were obtained. The physical properties of the obtained sheet and molded product are shown in the table.
- Example 9 Extrude A1 (30% by mass) and B1 (70% by mass) as resins used for forming the B layer into the vent-type extruder (2) at 270 ° C. while melting and kneading while degassing the vacuum vent part.
- the polymer is filtered through a wire mesh mesh, and co-extruded from a T-die die with a die temperature set to 270 ° C. into a single layer type die, cooled to 40 ° C. and discharged between a pair of casting drums and polishing rolls.
- the sheet was brought into close contact with the casting drum and cooled and solidified to produce an unstretched sheet, and then the sheet was wound up with a winder.
- the obtained sheet was 250 ⁇ m, and the obtained sheet was formed into a molded body by the method described in the section for forming a molded body in [Method for measuring physical properties and method for evaluating effects].
- the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded product were as shown in the table, the sheet was non-oriented, and was excellent in transparency, impact resistance and moldability of the molded product.
- Example 13 obtained the sheet
- the physical properties of the obtained sheet and molded product are shown in the table.
- Example 14 In the vent type extruder (1), A1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the A layer was extruded at 245 ° C. while degassing the vacuum vent part while melting and kneading, and the polymer was passed through a 100 mesh metal mesh. The mixture was filtered and supplied to a multi-manifold base of a two-kind three-layer stacking type. Further, B1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the B layer is extruded into the vent type extruder (2) while being melt kneaded while degassing the vacuum vent at 280 ° C., and the extruder (1).
- the sheet was discharged between a drum and a polishing roll, adhered to the casting drum, cooled and solidified to produce an unstretched sheet, and the sheet was wound up by a winder.
- a molded body was manufactured by the method described in the molded body manufacturing portion.
- the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded product are as shown in the table, the sheet is non-oriented, excellent in transparency, impact resistance, heat sealability, printability, heat resistance, and cold resistance, and molded.
- the formability and heat resistance of the body were excellent.
- Examples 15 to 20, 24 to 30, 33 to 44, 46 to 49 are A layer, B layer resin, extruder (1), extrusion temperature (° C.) of extruder (2), die temperature (° C.)
- a sheet and a molded body were obtained in the same manner as in Example 14 except that the lamination ratio was changed as shown in the table. The physical properties of the obtained sheet and molded product are shown in the table.
- Example 21 In the vent type extruder (1), A1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the A layer was extruded at 245 ° C. while degassing the vacuum vent part while melting and kneading, and the polymer was passed through a 100 mesh metal mesh. The mixture was filtered and supplied to a multi-manifold base of a two-kind three-layer stacking type. In addition, A1 (70% by mass) and B1 (30% by mass) as resins used for forming the A layer are extruded into the vent type extruder (2) while melt kneading at 260 ° C. while degassing the vacuum vent part.
- the polymer is filtered through a mesh mesh of 100 mesh in a flow path different from that of the extruder (1), and then co-extruded from a T-die die having a die temperature set at 250 ° C., rotated in a direction in contact with each other, and 40 ° C.
- the sheet was discharged between a pair of casting drums and a polishing roll that had been cooled to close contact with the casting drum to cool and solidify to produce an unstretched sheet, and then the sheet was wound up with a winder.
- a molded body was manufactured by the method described in the molded body manufacturing portion.
- the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded product are as shown in the table, the sheet is non-oriented, excellent in transparency, impact resistance, heat sealability, printability, heat resistance, cold resistance, and heat resistance. The property was excellent.
- Example 22 In Examples 22, 31, and 32, the resin of the A layer and the B layer, the extrusion temperature (° C.), the die temperature (° C.), and the lamination ratio of the extruder (1) and the extruder (2) were changed as shown in the table. Except for the above, a sheet and a molded body were obtained in the same manner as in Example 21. The physical properties of the obtained sheet and molded product are shown in the table.
- Example 23 In the vent type extruder (1), A1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the A layer was extruded at 245 ° C. while degassing the vacuum vent part while melting and kneading, and the polymer was passed through a 100 mesh metal mesh. The mixture was filtered and supplied to a multi-manifold base of two types and two layers. Further, B1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the B layer is extruded into the vent type extruder (2) while being melt kneaded while degassing the vacuum vent at 270 ° C., and the extruder (1).
- the sheet was discharged between a drum and a polishing roll, adhered to the casting drum, cooled and solidified to produce an unstretched sheet, and the sheet was wound up by a winder.
- a molded body was produced by the method described.
- the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded product were as shown in the table, the sheet was non-oriented, and the transparency, impact resistance, heat sealability, printability, and moldability of the molded product were excellent. .
- Comparative Example 1 B1 (100% by mass) as a resin used for forming the B layer was extruded into a vent-type extruder (2) at 280 ° C. while being melt-kneaded while degassing the vacuum vent part, and a 100 mesh wire mesh.
- the polymer is filtered through a mesh, and co-extruded from a T-die die with a die temperature set to 280 ° C into a single layer type die, cooled to 40 ° C, and discharged between a pair of casting drums and polishing rolls. After making it cool and solidify and producing an unstretched sheet, the sheet was wound up with a winder.
- the obtained sheet was 250 ⁇ m, and the obtained sheet was formed into a molded body by the method described in the section for forming a molded body in [Method for measuring physical properties and method for evaluating effects].
- the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded product were as shown in the table, and the sheet was poor in heat sealability, printability, heat resistance, and molded product heat resistance.
- the obtained unstretched sheet was stretched 3 times in the MD direction at 85 ° C. by a roll stretching machine and immediately cooled to room temperature.
- the obtained uniaxially stretched film was introduced into a tenter, stretched 3.2 times in the TD direction at 90 ° C. while holding both edges with clips, heat-set at 170 ° C., cooled, and wound up It was.
- the obtained sheet was 250 ⁇ m, and the characteristic values of the obtained sheet and molded body were as shown in the table. Since the sheet was biaxially stretched, the sheet was oriented. Since the rigidity of the obtained sheet was high, an attempt was made to produce a molded body, but the molding was poor and the molded body could not be obtained. Moreover, since the molded body could not be obtained, the heat resistance of the molded body could not be evaluated.
- the polymer After the polymer is filtered through a wire mesh, it is co-extruded from a T die die whose base temperature is set to 270 ° C., rotated in a direction in contact with each other, cooled to 40 ° C., and discharged between a pair of casting drums and a polishing roll.
- the sheet was brought into close contact with the casting drum and cooled and solidified to produce an unstretched sheet, and then the sheet was wound up with a winder.
- a described in the column of the stacking ratio means the A layer
- B means the B layer
- the polyester sheet of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance and moldability, and additionally has reduced environmental load, it is a packaging container, various electronic / electrical equipment, OA bag equipment, vehicle parts, machine parts, and other agriculture. It is useful for various uses such as materials, fishery materials, transport containers, playground equipment and sundries. Among these, it can be preferably used for applications requiring heat resistance and moldability, such as food molded containers and beverage cup lids.
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Abstract
Description
(1) グリコール成分の合計100モル%において、エチレングリコール成分を1モル%以上60モル%以下、イソソルビド成分を1モル%以上60モル%以下含むポリエステルをポリエステルAとすると、ポリエステルAを含む層を有し、
無配向であることを特徴とする、ポリエステルシート。
(2) 積層構成であることを特徴とする、(1)に記載のポリエステルシート。
(3) 層の全成分100質量%において、ポリエステルAを50質量%を超えて100質量%以下含む層をA層とすると、A層を有することを特徴とする、(1)又は(2)に記載のポリエステルシート。
(4) ポリエステルAのグリコール成分の合計100モル%において、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール成分を1モル%以上60モル%以下含むことを特徴とする、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
(5) 前記ポリエステルAは、融点が存在しないことを特徴とする、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
(6) ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリ乳酸、ポリエチレンナフタレート、及びポリブチレンテレフタレートからなる群より選ばれるいずれか1つをポリエステルBとしたときに、層の全成分100質量%において、ポリエステルBを50質量%を超えて100質量%以下含む層をB層とすると、B層を有することを特徴とする、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
(7) B層はポリエステルAを含むことを特徴とする、(6)に記載のポリエステルシート。
(8) A層/B層/A層の積層構成であることを特徴とする、(6)又は(7)に記載のポリエステルシート。
(9) A層/B層/A層の積層構成であり、積層比率が、1/3/1~1/20/1であることを特徴とする、(8)に記載のポリエステルシート。
(10) ポリエステルAのジカルボン酸成分の合計100モル%において、テレフタル酸成分を80モル%以上100モル%以下含むことを特徴とする、(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
(11) 白色度が70%以上100%以下であることを特徴とする、(1)~(10)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
(12) 動摩擦係数μdが0.20以上0.40以下であることを特徴とする、(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
(13) (1)~(12)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシートから得られる成形体。
(14) 印刷層を有し、
該印刷層が、(3)~(12)のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシートのA層と直接積層されたことを特徴とする、カード。
本発明に用いるポリエチレンテレフタレートは、テレフタル酸またはそのエステル誘導体から導かれるジカルボン酸成分と、エチレングリコールまたはそのエステル誘導体から導かれるグリコール成分を用いて、公知の方法で製造することができる。
本発明における物性の測定方法および効果の評価方法は下記の通りである。
シートの幅方向(以後、TD方向と表記する)のセンター部からサンプルを切り出した。エポキシ樹脂を用いた樹脂包埋法により、ウルトラミクロトームを用い、サンプル片の長手方向(以後、MD方向と表記する)-厚み方向断面を観察面とするように-100℃で超薄切片を採取した。このシート断面の薄膜切片を、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて倍率1,000倍(倍率は適宜調整可能)でシート断面写真を撮影し、各層の厚みを測定した。観察箇所を変えて、10箇所で測定を行い、得られた値の平均値を各層の厚み(μm)とし、各層の厚みからシートの積層比を求めた。
ダイヤルゲージ式厚み計(JIS B7503(1997)、PEACOCK製UPRIGHT DIAL GAUGE(0.001×2mm)、No.25、測定子5mmφ平型)を用いて、シートのMD方向およびTD方向に10cm間隔で10点ずつ測定し、その平均値を当該シートの厚み(μm)とした。
ヘイズメーターHGM-2DP型(スガ試験機社製)を用いて、シートのヘイズ値を測定した。なお、ヘイズ値を測定用のサンプルは、シート中心部から切り出した。測定は1サンプルにつき5回行い、5回の測定の平均値(平均へイズ値)とした。
フィルムインパクトテスター(東洋精機製作所製)により、直径1/2インチの半球状衝撃頭を用い、温度23℃、湿度65%RHの雰囲気下において、シートのインパクト値の測定を行った。100mm×100mmにシートサンプルを作製し、測定は1サンプルにつき5回行った。さらに、1回毎のインパクト値を測定サンプル厚みで割り返し、単位厚みあたりのインパクト値とし、5回の測定の平均値から求めた。サンプル厚みは、デジタル式マイクロメーターで測定した。
シートを60mm(TD方向)×幅5mm(MD方向)の矩形に切り出し、TD方向測定用のサンプルとした。動的粘弾性測定装置(セイコーインスツルメンツ製、DMS6100)を用い、下記の条件下で、TD方向の100℃での貯蔵弾性率(E´)を求めた。
測定温度範囲:-50℃~200℃、昇温速度:5℃/分。
樹脂の融点、ガラス転移温度は、示差走査熱量計(セイコー電子工業製、RDC220)を用い、JIS K7121-1987、JIS K7122-1987に準拠してDSC測定および、解析を行った。測定条件は、試料5mg、窒素雰囲気下、昇温速度が20℃/分、降温速度が20℃/分である。
固有粘度の測定は、150℃のオルト-クロロフェノールに0.12質量%の濃度で樹脂を溶解させた後、35℃の恒温槽においてウベローデ(Ubbelohde)粘度計を用いて測定した。
王子計測機器(株)社製自動複屈折計KOBRA-21ADHを用いて、「材料」Vol.43,No.495,pp.1520-1524,Dec.1994 に記載の条件に従い、シート状サンプルの3主軸方向に関する複屈折Δx、Δy、Δzを求め、Δx=γ-β、Δy=γ-α、Δz=α-β(γ≧β、αはシートの厚さ方向の屈折率)の関係より面配向度:ΔPを下記の式から求めた。
ΔP={(γ+β)/2}-α=(Δy-Δz)/2
配向状態の判別
・配向:面配向度:ΔPが0.008より大きい。
・無配向:面配向度:ΔPが0以上0.008以下である。
シートの耐熱性は、図1のようにして測定した。つまり、シートを150mm(TD方向)×50mm(MD方向)に切り出し、耐熱性測定用のシートサンプルとした。また、シートTD方向に対して3分割となるようにマジックで線を引き、その真ん中の領域をシート中央部とした。支柱(50mm(横幅)×50mm(縦幅))の上に、両面テープを貼り、シート中央部の領域と支柱とが重なるように、シートを支柱に貼り付けた。シートを貼り付けた支柱を、100℃に設定したオーブンの中に入れて30分間保管した。その後、支柱の高さとシート両端の高さの差を読み取り、下記式の通り、撓み量とした。
撓み量=支柱の高さ-シート両端の高さ
シートの耐熱性
S:オーブンでの保管前後の撓み量が4mm未満
A:オーブンでの保管前後の撓み量が4mm以上8mm未満
B:オーブンでの保管前後の撓み量が8mm以上12mm未満
C:オーブンでの保管前後の撓み量が12mm以上。
320mm(MD方向)×460mm(TD方向)の枚葉サンプルとし、開口部150mm×210mm、底面部105mm×196mm、高さ50mmのトレー状金型を備えた成光産業(株)製小型真空成形機フォーミング300X型を用いて、成形時のシート温度が110℃~160℃の範囲になるような温度条件で予熱、成形を行った。
S:元の高さ(50mm)の95%以上100%以下
A:元の高さ(50mm)の90%以上95%未満
B:元の高さ(50mm)の85%以上90%未満
C:元の高さ(50mm)の85%未満
成形体の成形性
S(非常に良好):シートがトレー状の成形体の底面部まで十分に追従するよう成形されており、該底面の中央部分のシート厚みが、元のフィルム厚みの30%以上に保たれている。
A(良好):シートがトレー状の底面部まで十分に追従するよう成形されているが、該底面の中央部分のシート厚みが、元のフィルム厚みの30%未満である。
C(成形不良):シートがトレー状の底面部まで十分に追従成形されず、あるいは追従成形されていても該底面部でのシート破断などが確認される。
シートのヒートシール強度の測定は、ヒートシール機(TP-701S HEAT SEAL TESTER、TESTER SANGYO CO, LTD )を用いて、2.1kgf/cm2、1秒の滞留時間において、テフロン(登録商標)被覆した加熱式の平面型上部ヒートシール固定具およびゴム製でガラスクロス被覆した非加熱式の下部ヒートシール固定具とともに行った。シートは、所定のヒートシール温度である80、90、100、110、120、130、140、150、160、170℃の各温度で、A層が最外層の様態もしくはA層/B層の様態の場合は、A層側同士でヒートシールし、B層が最外層の様態の場合は、B層側同士でヒートシールし、それぞれの温度での最外層のシール強度を大英科学精機製作所製引張り試験機で測定した。(実施例1~8、10~12、14~49、比較例2、3はA層に印刷を行い、実施例9、13、比較例1はB層側同士でヒートシールした。)
剥離試験は、ヒートシールしたサンプルを25mm幅の短冊に切り出し、ヒートシールされていない二つの端部をインストロン試験機の上部と下部のクランプに取り付け、ヒートシールした端部をヒートシールされていない二つの端部に対して90°の角度で支持し、90°の剥離試験を行った。
・剥離試験機: 大英科学精機製作所製引張り試験機
・剥離角度: 90°
・剥離速度: 200mm/分
・チャート速度:20mm/分
・剥離方向: 縦方向
・サンプル幅: 25mm
同じサンプルについて3本の試験片を採取し、同様の測定を3回行った。得られた値の平均値をヒートシール強度(g/25mm)とした。
S:300g/25mm以上
A:200g/25mm以上300g/25mm未満
B:100g/25mm以上200g/25mm未満
C:100g/25mm未満
12.印刷性
東洋インキ(株)製ニトロセルロース製インキCCSTをグラビアロールでA層、またはB層の表面に印刷後、40℃、90%相対湿度雰囲気中に24時間放置後、セロハンテープ剥離テストを行った。"セロテープ"(登録商標)を使用した。実施例1~8、10~12、14~49、比較例2、3はA層に印刷を行い、実施例9、13、比較例1はB層に印刷を行った。評価基準を次に示す。実用的にはB以上であれば問題無く使用できる。
S:全く剥離しない。
A:面積比5%以上10%未満のインキ印刷部分がセロハンテープ側に剥離する。
B:面積比10%以上15%未満のインキ印刷部分がセロハンテープ側に剥離する。
C:面積比15%以上のインキ印刷部分がセロハンテープ側に剥離する。
JIS-K-7125(1999)に準じ、スリップテスター(東洋テスター工業社製)を用い、荷重200g重として、滑り出した後の安定領域での抵抗値(抵抗力)より以下の式を用いて動摩擦係数:μdの値を求めた。
動摩擦係数:μd=抵抗値/荷重
14.白色度
分光式色差計SE-2000(日本電色工業(株)製)を用いてL,a,b値を求め、下式を用いて白色度を求めた。
白色度(%)=100-[(100-L)2+a2+b2]1/2
測定は1サンプルにつき3回行い、3回の測定の平均値から求めた。
フィルムインパクトテスター(東洋精機製作所製)により、直径1/2インチの半球状衝撃頭を用い、温度:-20℃、湿度65%RHの雰囲気下において、シートのインパクト値の測定を行った。100mm×100mmにシートサンプルを作製し、測定は1サンプルにつき5回行った。さらに、1回毎のインパクト値を測定サンプル厚みで割り返し、単位厚みあたりのインパクト値とし、5回の測定の平均値から求めた。サンプル厚みは、デジタル式マイクロメーターで測定した。
ベント式押出機(1)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(100質量%)を245℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、単層タイプの口金に口金温度を245℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、それぞれ40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
実施例2~8、10~12、45はA層の樹脂、押出機(1)の押出温度(℃)、口金温度(℃)を表のとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてシートおよび成形体を得た。得られたシートおよび成形体の物性を表に示した。
ベント式押出機(2)に、B層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(30質量%)、B1(70質量%)を270℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、単層タイプの口金に口金温度を270℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、それぞれ40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
実施例13はB層の樹脂、押出機(2)の押出温度(℃)、口金温度(℃)を表のとおりに変更した以外は、実施例9と同様にしてシートおよび成形体を得た。得られたシートおよび成形体の物性を表に示した。
ベント式押出機(1)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(100質量%)を245℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、2種3層積層タイプのマルチマニホールド口金に供給した。また、ベント式押出機(2)に、B層の形成に用いる樹脂として、B1(100質量%)を280℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、押出機(1)とは別の流路で、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させた後、口金温度を270℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、互いに接する方向に回転し40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
実施例15~20、24~30、33~44、46~49は、A層、B層の樹脂、押出機(1)、押出機(2)の押出温度(℃)、口金温度(℃)、積層比を表のとおりに変更した以外は、実施例14と同様にしてシートおよび成形体を得た。得られたシートおよび成形体の物性を表に示した。
ベント式押出機(1)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(100質量%)を245℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、2種3層積層タイプのマルチマニホールド口金に供給した。また、ベント式押出機(2)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(70質量%)、B1(30質量%)を260℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、押出機(1)とは別の流路で、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させた後、口金温度を250℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、互いに接する方向に回転し40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
実施例22、31、32は、A層、B層の樹脂、押出機(1)、押出機(2)の押出温度(℃)、口金温度(℃)、積層比を表のとおりに変更した以外は、実施例21と同様にしてシートおよび成形体を得た。得られたシートおよび成形体の物性を表に示した。
ベント式押出機(1)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(100質量%)を245℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、2種2層積層タイプのマルチマニホールド口金に供給した。また、ベント式押出機(2)に、B層の形成に用いる樹脂として、B1(100質量%)を270℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、押出機(1)とは別の流路で、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させた後、口金温度を270℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、互いに接する方向に回転し40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
比較例1は、ベント式押出機(2)に、B層の形成に用いる樹脂として、B1(100質量%)を280℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、単層タイプの口金に口金温度を280℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、それぞれ40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
ベント式押出機(1)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(100質量%)を245℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、単層タイプの口金に口金温度を245℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、それぞれ40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化した。
ベント式押出機(1)に、A層の形成に用いる樹脂として、A1(100質量%)を245℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させ、2種3層積層タイプのマルチマニホールド口金に供給した。また、ベント式押出機(2)に、B-1 100質量%を280℃で真空ベント部を脱気しながら溶融混練しながら押出し、押出機(1)とは別の流路で、100meshの金網メッシュにてポリマーを濾過させた後、口金温度を270℃に設定したTダイ口金より共押出し、互いに接する方向に回転し40℃に冷却した、一対のキャスティングドラムとポリッシングロール間に吐出してキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し、未延伸シートを作製した後に、ワインダーにてシートを巻き取った。
2 シート
3 支柱
4 シートTD方向
5 シートMD方向
6 右端の高さ(地面からMD方向中心までの高さ)
7 左端の高さ(地面からMD方向中心までの高さ)
8 支柱の高さ
9 シートMD方向の右端の中心
10 シートMD方向の左端の中心
11 支柱の横幅
12 支柱の縦幅
Claims (14)
- グリコール成分の合計100モル%において、エチレングリコール成分を1モル%以上60モル%以下、イソソルビド成分を1モル%以上60モル%以下含むポリエステルをポリエステルAとすると、ポリエステルAを含む層を有し、
無配向であることを特徴とする、ポリエステルシート。 - 積層構成であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のポリエステルシート。
- 層の全成分100質量%において、ポリエステルAを50質量%を超えて100質量%以下含む層をA層とすると、A層を有することを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のポリエステルシート。
- ポリエステルAのグリコール成分の合計100モル%において、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール成分を1モル%以上60モル%以下含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
- 前記ポリエステルAは、融点が存在しないことを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
- ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリ乳酸、ポリエチレンナフタレート、及びポリブチレンテレフタレートからなる群より選ばれるいずれか1つをポリエステルBとしたときに、層の全成分100質量%において、ポリエステルBを50質量%を超えて100質量%以下含む層をB層とすると、B層を有することを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
- B層はポリエステルAを含むことを特徴とする、請求項6に記載のポリエステルシート。
- A層/B層/A層の積層構成であることを特徴とする、請求項6又は7に記載のポリエステルシート。
- A層/B層/A層の積層構成であり、積層比率が、1/3/1~1/20/1であることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のポリエステルシート。
- ポリエステルAのジカルボン酸成分の合計100モル%において、テレフタル酸成分を80モル%以上100モル%以下含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
- 白色度が70%以上100%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
- 動摩擦係数μdが0.20以上0.40以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシート。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシートから得られる成形体。
- 印刷層を有し、
該印刷層が、請求項3~12のいずれかに記載のポリエステルシートのA層と直接積層されたことを特徴とする、カード。
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US11447603B2 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | Sk Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Polyester resin, method for preparing same, and resin molded product formed therefrom |
EP3643734A4 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2021-04-07 | SK Chemicals, Co., Ltd. | POLYESTER CONTAINER AND ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
KR102684863B1 (ko) | 2017-06-26 | 2024-07-15 | 에스케이케미칼 주식회사 | 폴리에스테르 필름 및 이의 제조 방법 |
TWI736210B (zh) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-08-11 | 遠東新世紀股份有限公司 | 聚酯組成物及聚酯片材 |
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KR20160051042A (ko) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-11 | 에스케이케미칼주식회사 | 다층 플라스틱 카드 |
JP2018502736A (ja) * | 2014-10-31 | 2018-02-01 | エスケー ケミカルズ カンパニー リミテッド | 多層プラスチックカード |
KR102210477B1 (ko) | 2014-10-31 | 2021-01-29 | 에스케이케미칼 주식회사 | 다층 플라스틱 카드 |
JP2019501252A (ja) * | 2015-12-11 | 2019-01-17 | サビック グローバル テクノロジーズ ベスローテン フェンノートシャップ | 付加製造プロセスにおいて層間接着性を改善するための接着促進層 |
CN114806100A (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-07-29 | 南亚塑胶工业股份有限公司 | 聚酯黑膜及其制造方法 |
JP2022117425A (ja) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-10 | 南亞塑膠工業股▲分▼有限公司 | 黒色ポリエステルフィルム及びその製造方法 |
JP2022117416A (ja) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-10 | 南亞塑膠工業股▲分▼有限公司 | ポリエステルフィルム及びその製造方法 |
US11639430B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2023-05-02 | Nan Ya Plastics Corporation | Black polyester film and method for manufacturing the same |
US12129344B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2024-10-29 | Nan Ya Plastics Corporation | Polyester film and method for producing the same |
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TW201509986A (zh) | 2015-03-16 |
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