WO2015001934A1 - タイヤ用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
タイヤ用ゴム組成物及び空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015001934A1 WO2015001934A1 PCT/JP2014/065558 JP2014065558W WO2015001934A1 WO 2015001934 A1 WO2015001934 A1 WO 2015001934A1 JP 2014065558 W JP2014065558 W JP 2014065558W WO 2015001934 A1 WO2015001934 A1 WO 2015001934A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0025—Compositions of the sidewalls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C08K5/18—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds with aromatically bound amino groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C2001/005—Compositions of the bead portions, e.g. clinch or chafer rubber or cushion rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L91/06—Waxes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition for tires and a pneumatic tire using the same.
- an automobile tire uses a rubber composition made of natural rubber or a diene synthetic rubber as a raw material, deterioration is accelerated under high ozone, high oxygen, and ultraviolet conditions, and cracks may occur.
- anti-aging agents N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), poly (2 , 2,4-trimethyl-1,2-) dihydroquinoline (TMDQ) and the like and petroleum waxes are blended in the rubber composition.
- the anti-aging agent and petroleum wax act to protect rubber from ozone by shifting (blooming) from vulcanized rubber to the surface of rubber such as tires.
- excessive blooming of the anti-aging agent and petroleum wax in a short period of time causes white discoloration.
- the anti-aging agent oxidized by ozone causes brown discoloration, and the brown discoloration becomes stronger by blooming in the same manner.
- the bloom layer (surface protective layer) formed by wax or the like deposited on the tire surface is uneven, light irregular reflection occurs and brown discoloration due to the deteriorated anti-aging agent becomes more conspicuous. Thus, it was difficult to improve ozone resistance while preventing discoloration.
- Patent Document 1 describes that deterioration of the appearance of a tire can be prevented by blending an ether type nonionic surfactant of polyoxyethylene. However, there is room for improvement in terms of improving ozone resistance while preventing discoloration while maintaining or improving good elongation at break.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides a rubber composition for a tire capable of improving ozone resistance while preventing discoloration while maintaining or improving good elongation at break, and a pneumatic tire using the same.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention includes a rubber component, a naturally derived wax having an ester component content of 40 to 98% by mass, a phenylenediamine-based and / or quinone-based antioxidant, and a nonionic surfactant,
- the active agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant represented by the following formula (1) and / or the following formula (2), and a pluronic type nonionic surfactant, and a rubber component
- the content of the diene rubber in 100% by mass is 70 to 100% by mass, and the content of the natural wax is 0.01 to 5.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- D represents an integer.
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- E represents an integer.
- the naturally derived wax is preferably extracted from a grass family plant and composed of a component having a softening point of 60 to 90 ° C.
- the total content of each normal alkane having 20 to 32 carbon atoms in 100% by mass of the petroleum-derived wax is 25 to 50% by mass, and the total content of each normal alkane having 33 to 44 carbon atoms is 25 to 50% by mass. It is preferable.
- the tire rubber composition is preferably a tire outer layer rubber composition.
- the present invention also relates to a pneumatic tire produced using the rubber composition.
- a diene rubber a naturally derived wax having an ester component content of 40 to 98% by mass, a phenylenediamine-based and / or quinone-based antioxidant, and a specific nonionic surfactant are provided. Since it is a rubber composition for tires including a predetermined amount and containing a predetermined amount of petroleum-derived wax as required, ozone resistance can be improved while maintaining or improving good elongation at break and preventing discoloration.
- the tire rubber composition of the present invention comprises a diene rubber, a naturally derived wax having an ester component content of 40 to 98% by mass, a phenylenediamine-based and / or quinone-based antioxidant, and a specific nonionic surfactant. And a predetermined amount of petroleum-derived wax as necessary.
- excellent ozone resistance can be obtained in a wide temperature range, and brown discoloration and white discoloration of the tire surface can be sufficiently prevented, and both of these performances can be achieved.
- the tire rubber composition of the present invention can achieve both discoloration resistance and ozone resistance, which is presumed as follows.
- the natural wax captures the anti-aging agent and suppresses the migration of the anti-aging agent to the tire surface.
- the bloom speed of the anti-aging agent is moderately slowed, and the anti-aging agent remains in the rubber composition over a long period of time, and excellent ozone resistance can be ensured in a wide temperature range.
- the anti-aging agent can be prevented from excessively blooming in a short period of time, and white discoloration and brown discoloration of the tire surface can be prevented.
- the above-mentioned specific surfactant blooms on the tire surface together with wax and anti-aging agent, and melts and flattens them, thereby reducing white discoloration and reducing the unevenness of the surface protective layer formed on the tire surface.
- the brown discoloration that is noticeable due to diffuse reflection can be greatly reduced. Further, it is possible to give a black luster to the tire surface. Moreover, ozone resistance can also be improved. Furthermore, by using the above-mentioned naturally-derived wax and the above-mentioned specific surfactant in combination, it is possible to synergistically improve discoloration resistance and ozone resistance while maintaining or improving good elongation at break, and a wide temperature range. In addition to providing excellent ozone resistance, discoloration can be sufficiently suppressed.
- Examples of rubber components that can be used in the present invention include dienes such as isoprene-based rubber, butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene isoprene butadiene rubber (SIBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR).
- dienes such as isoprene-based rubber, butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene isoprene butadiene rubber (SIBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR).
- Non-diene rubbers such as ethylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), butyl rubber (IIR), and halogenated butyl rubber (X-IIR). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- diene rubber is preferable because it can be suit
- isoprene rubber BR and SBR are preferable because good durability is obtained while ensuring good handling stability, low fuel consumption, and elongation at break.
- Isoprene rubber is preferable. It is more preferable to use rubber and BR together.
- isoprene-based rubber when applied to sidewalls and clinch, it is preferable to use isoprene-based rubber from the reason that it is excellent in crack growth resistance because the breaking strength is excellent.
- SBR when applying to a tread, it is preferable to use SBR from the reason that it is excellent in grip performance.
- the content of the diene rubber in 100% by mass of the rubber component is 70% by mass or more, preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and may be 100% by mass.
- isoprene-based rubber examples include synthetic isoprene rubber (IR), natural rubber (NR), and modified natural rubber.
- NR includes deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) and high-purity natural rubber (HPNR).
- Modified natural rubber includes epoxidized natural rubber (ENR), hydrogenated natural rubber (HNR), and grafted natural rubber. Etc.
- NR what is common in tire industry, such as SIR20, RSS # 3, TSR20, can be used, for example. Of these, NR and IR are preferable, and NR is more preferable.
- the content of isoprene-based rubber in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 10 to 80% by mass. Thereby, good crack growth resistance and mechanical strength can be obtained.
- the content of the isoprene-based rubber in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more. If it is less than 20% by mass, the mechanical strength may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the content is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less. If it exceeds 80% by mass, crack growth resistance and the like may be reduced. Further, when the rubber composition of the present invention is used for a tread or the like, the same amount may be used, but the amount may be appropriately changed according to passenger car use and truck / bus use.
- BR for example, BR1220 manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., BR130B manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., BR150B having high cis content such as BR150B, VCR412 manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., VCR617, etc.
- SPB 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystal
- IR BR rare earth element-based catalyst
- tin-modified BR tin-modified butadiene rubber
- the cis content is preferably 95% by mass or more. It is also preferable to use BR containing SPB and tin-modified BR in combination.
- BR containing SPB it is preferable that SPB is dispersed after being chemically bonded to BR, not simply having crystals dispersed in BR in terms of wear resistance and extrusion processability.
- the melting point of SPB is preferably 180 to 220 ° C.
- the SPB content in BR containing SPB is preferably 2.5 to 20% by mass.
- the SPB content in BR containing SPB indicates the content of boiling n-hexane insoluble matter.
- Tin-modified BR is obtained by polymerizing 1,3-butadiene with a lithium initiator and then adding a tin compound, and the end of the tin-modified BR molecule is bonded with a tin-carbon bond. Is preferred.
- Examples of the lithium initiator include lithium compounds such as alkyllithium and aryllithium, and examples of the tin compound include tin tetrachloride and butyltin trichloride.
- the tin atom content of the tin-modified BR is preferably 50 to 3000 ppm, and the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the tin-modified BR is preferably 2 or less.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) are values converted from standard polystyrene using a gel permeation chromatograph (GPC).
- the vinyl content of the tin-modified BR is preferably 5 to 50% by mass.
- the vinyl content (1,2-bond butadiene unit amount) can be measured by infrared absorption spectrum analysis.
- the content of BR in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 20% by mass or more, more preferably 35% by mass or more.
- the content is preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 75% by mass or less.
- the total content of isoprene-based rubber and BR in 100% by mass of the rubber component is preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more, and may be 100% by mass.
- the rubber composition of the present invention contains a naturally derived wax having an ester component content of 40 to 98% by mass.
- the content (content rate) of the ester component in 100% by mass of the natural wax is preferably 50 to 98% by mass, more preferably 60 to 98% by mass. If it exceeds 98 mass%, the flexibility tends to be low, and the shape thin film tends to break easily.
- the content of free alcohol and free fatty acid in 100% by mass of the natural wax is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 7% by mass or less. If it exceeds 10% by mass, ozone resistance (particularly at low temperatures) tends to deteriorate.
- the natural wax is preferably composed of a component having a softening point of 40 to 95 ° C, and more preferably composed of a component having a softening point of 60 to 90 ° C. Preferably, it comprises a component at 70 to 86 ° C. Thereby, both discoloration resistance and ozone resistance can be achieved.
- the softening point distribution of the wax is determined by measuring gas chromatography (GC) and using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) at a temperature increase rate of 5 ° C./min from ⁇ 30 ° C. to 100 ° C. It is examined by measuring (mW / g).
- GC gas chromatography
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- whether or not a component having a softening point at a predetermined temperature is included is based on whether or not the temperature dependence curve of the heat flow at the time of the predetermined temperature is lowered from the baseline in the endothermic direction. I can confirm.
- Naturally-derived wax examples include those obtained by removing free fatty acids, free alcohols, resins, and the like from naturally-derived wax.
- the wax is extracted from a grass plant such as purified rice wax.
- Refined natural waxes such as refined gramineous wax, refined candelilla wax, refined beeswax, and refined sugar cane wax can be suitably used.
- Refined natural wax reduces the amount of polar components such as free fatty acids, free alcohols, resins, etc., and increases the amount of hydrocarbons relatively, thereby improving compatibility with low-polar rubber and film uniformity. At the same time, since bloom can be suppressed, browning of the rubber surface can be prevented.
- the purified natural wax for example, a natural wax obtained by removing at least one selected from the group consisting of free fatty acids, free alcohols and resins can be used.
- the naturally-derived wax is not particularly limited as long as it is other than petroleum-derived wax, for example, wax extracted from grass family such as rice wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, wood wax, jojoba wax, etc. Plant waxes; animal waxes such as beeswax, lanolin and whale wax; mineral waxes such as ozokerite, ceresin and petrolactam; natural fats and oils such as castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and beef fat oil Oil; and refined products thereof.
- Naturally derived wax may be obtained from genetically modified plants or animals.
- the method of a removal process will not be specifically limited if a free alcohol, a free fatty acid, and resin can be removed, A well-known method can be used.
- refined plant waxes are preferred, refined waxes extracted from gramineous plants are more preferred, and refined rice waxes are particularly preferred.
- refined rice wax is used in combination with petroleum-derived wax, cracking can be suppressed in a wide temperature range from high to low, and excellent ozone resistance can be obtained, and tea discoloration and white discoloration can be sufficiently prevented.
- the film may be broken due to dynamic irritation during tire use, but refined rice wax is a fatty acid ester, and it is easy to mix with petroleum-derived wax, anti-aging agent, and surfactant, preventing cracking and discoloration for a long time. It is inferred that Naturally derived waxes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Content of the said natural origin wax is 0.01 mass part or more with respect to 100 mass parts of rubber components, Preferably it is 0.05 mass part or more, More preferably, it is 0.10 mass part or more. If it is less than 0.01 parts by mass, there is a possibility that specific effects such as improvement of ozone resistance cannot be confirmed. Moreover, this content is 5.0 mass parts or less, Preferably it is 2.5 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 1.5 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 0.5 mass part or less. When the amount exceeds 5.0 parts by mass, the bloom amount of the anti-aging agent decreases, and the ozone resistance and elongation at break decrease.
- the petroleum-derived wax is not particularly limited as long as it is a petroleum resource-derived wax, and examples thereof include paraffin wax and microcrystalline wax.
- the petroleum-derived wax preferably contains each normal alkane having 20 to 32 carbon atoms because excellent ozone resistance can be obtained in a wide temperature range.
- petroleum origin wax may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- the petroleum-derived wax containing each normal alkane having 20 to 32 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and for example, a petroleum-derived wax containing a predetermined amount of each normal alkane having 20 to 55 carbon atoms can be used.
- a petroleum-derived wax containing a predetermined amount of each normal alkane having 20 to 55 carbon atoms can be used.
- those having a normal alkane content in the wax of 70% by mass or more can be suitably used, and those having a content of 80% by mass or more can be more suitably used.
- the total content of each normal alkane having 20 to 32 carbon atoms in 100% by mass of petroleum-derived wax is preferably 25% by mass or more, and more preferably 35% by mass or more. If it is less than 25% by mass, sufficient ozone resistance may not be obtained in a temperature range of 20 ° C. or lower.
- the content is preferably 90% by mass or less, and more preferably 50% by mass or less. If it exceeds 90% by mass, the discoloration resistance may be lowered.
- the total content of each normal alkane having 33 to 44 carbon atoms in 100% by mass of petroleum-derived wax is preferably 25% by mass or more, and more preferably 35% by mass or more. If it is less than 25% by mass, ozone resistance in a temperature range of about 40 to 50 ° C. may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the content is preferably 90% by mass or less, and more preferably 50% by mass or less. If it exceeds 90% by mass, the amount of bloom of the normal alkane having 33 to 44 carbon atoms is large in the temperature range of about 40 to 50 ° C. and tends to be discolored white.
- the total content of each normal alkane having 45 to 47 carbon atoms in 100% by mass of petroleum-derived wax is preferably 0.5% by mass or more, and more preferably 2% by mass or more. If it is less than 0.5% by mass, the crack resistance in the temperature range of about 60 ° C. may be slightly deteriorated. The content is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or less. When it exceeds 10 mass%, the discoloration resistance (white discoloration) in a temperature range of about 60 ° C. tends to deteriorate.
- the total content of each normal alkane having 48 or more carbon atoms in 100% by mass of petroleum-derived wax is preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 5% by mass or less. Thereby, the discoloration resistance (white discoloration) in a temperature range of 60 ° C. or higher can be obtained satisfactorily.
- the content of petroleum-derived wax is preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 1.0 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If it is less than 0.3 parts by mass, there is a possibility that specific effects such as improvement of ozone resistance cannot be confirmed. Moreover, this content is 6.0 mass parts or less, Preferably it is 4.0 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 2.5 mass parts or less. When the amount exceeds 6.0 parts by mass, the amount of bloom becomes excessive, and there is a concern that the tire may be discolored or the elongation at break may decrease.
- the blending ratio of the natural wax and the petroleum-derived wax is preferably 2/98 to 70/30, more preferably 5/95 to 50 / 50, more preferably 10/90 to 40/60. Thereby, both ozone resistance and discoloration resistance can be more suitably achieved.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant represented by the following formula (1) and / or the following formula (2) and a pluronic type nonionic surfactant is used.
- These nonionic surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- D represents an integer.
- R 2 and R 3 are the same or different and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- E represents an integer.
- the nonionic surfactant represented by the above formula (1) and / or the above formula (2) will be described.
- the nonionic surfactant represented by the above formula (1) is preferable because the effects of the present invention can be more suitably obtained.
- R 1 in the formula (1) represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 1 is 5 or less, since the permeability to rubber is low and the speed of transfer to the rubber surface becomes too fast, the rubber surface tends to deteriorate in appearance.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 1 is 27 or more, the raw material is difficult to obtain or expensive and is not suitable.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 1 is within the above range, the bloom of the nonionic surfactant can be suitably controlled, and the effects of the present invention can be obtained more suitably.
- the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group for R 1 is preferably 8 to 24, more preferably 10 to 22, and still more preferably 14 to 20.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms of R 1 include alkenyl groups having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, alkynyl groups having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, and alkyl groups having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms examples include 1-hexenyl group, 2-hexenyl group, 1-octenyl group, decenyl group, undecenyl group, dodecenyl group, tridecenyl group, tetradecenyl group, pentadecenyl group, heptadecenyl group, octadecenyl group Group, icocenyl group, tricocenyl group, hexacocenyl group and the like.
- alkynyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms examples include hexynyl group, heptynyl group, octynyl group, noninyl group, decynyl group, undecynyl group, dodecynyl group, tridecynyl group, tetradecynyl group, pentadecynyl group, heptadecynyl group, octadecynyl group, Examples include an icosinyl group, a tricosinyl group, and a hexacosinyl group.
- alkyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms examples include hexyl, heptyl, 2-ethylhexyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, Examples include an octadecyl group, a heptadecyl group, an octadecyl group, an icosyl group, a tricosyl group, and a hexacosyl group.
- R 1 is preferably an alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms and an alkynyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- d integer
- the HLB value representing the hydrophilic / lipophilic balance is higher, and the speed of transfer to the rubber surface tends to be higher.
- the value of d is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to use conditions and purposes. Among them, d is preferably 2 to 25, more preferably 4 to 20, still more preferably 8 to 16, and particularly preferably 10 to 14.
- nonionic surfactant represented by the above formula (1) examples include ethylene glycol monooleate, ethylene glycol monopalmitate, ethylene glycol monopalmitate, ethylene glycol monopaxenate, ethylene glycol monolinoleate, and ethylene glycol monolith.
- examples include nolenate, ethylene glycol monoarachidonate, ethylene glycol monostearate, ethylene glycol monocetylate, and ethylene glycol monolaurate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, ethylene glycol monooleate, ethylene glycol monolaurate, ethylene glycol monostearate, and ethylene glycol monopalmitate are preferable from the viewpoint of availability and cost.
- R 2 and R 3 in the formula (2) are the same or different and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 2 and R 3 is 5 or less, the rubber permeability is low and the speed of transition to the rubber surface becomes too fast, so that the appearance of the rubber surface tends to deteriorate.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 2 and R 3 is 27 or more, the raw material is difficult to obtain or expensive, and is inappropriate.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 2 and R 3 is within the above range, the bloom of the nonionic surfactant can be suitably controlled, and the effects of the present invention can be more suitably obtained.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group of R 2 and R 3 is preferably 8 to 24, more preferably 10 to 22, and still more preferably 14 to 20.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms of R 2 and R 3 include an alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- Alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, an alkynyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, the alkyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms include the same groups as in the case of the above-described R 1.
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably an alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms and an alkynyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkenyl group having 6 to 26 carbon atoms.
- e integer
- the HLB value representing the hydrophilic / lipophilic balance is higher, and the speed of moving to the rubber surface tends to be faster.
- the value of e is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to use conditions and purposes. Among them, e is preferably 2 to 25, more preferably 4 to 20, still more preferably 8 to 16, and particularly preferably 10 to 14.
- nonionic surfactant represented by the above formula (2) examples include ethylene glycol dioleate, ethylene glycol dipalmitate, ethylene glycol dipalmitate, ethylene glycol dipaxenate, ethylene glycol dilinoleate, and ethylene glycol dilinoleate.
- ethylene glycol dioleate, ethylene glycol dilaurate, ethylene glycol distearate, and ethylene glycol dipalmitate are preferable from the viewpoint of availability and cost.
- Pluronic type nonionic surfactant is also called polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, polypropylene glycol ethylene oxide adduct, and is generally nonionic represented by the following formula (I) It is a surfactant.
- the pluronic-type nonionic surfactant has a hydrophilic group composed of an ethylene oxide structure on both sides, and is composed of a propylene oxide structure so as to be sandwiched between the hydrophilic groups. Has a hydrophobic group.
- a, b, and c represent integers.
- the degree of polymerization of the polypropylene oxide block of the pluronic-type nonionic surfactant (b in the above formula (I)) and the addition amount of polyethylene oxide (a + c in the above formula (I)) are not particularly limited, and the use conditions, purpose, etc. It can be appropriately selected depending on the situation.
- the degree of polymerization of the polypropylene oxide block (b in the above formula (I)) is preferably 100 because the bloom of the nonionic surfactant can be suitably controlled and the effects of the present invention can be more suitably obtained.
- the addition amount of polyethylene oxide (a + c in the above formula (I)) is preferably 100 or less, more preferably 3 to 65, still more preferably 5 to 55, particularly preferably 5 to 40, most preferably. 10 to 40.
- the degree of polymerization of the polypropylene oxide block and the addition amount of polyethylene oxide are within the above ranges, the bloom of the nonionic surfactant can be suitably controlled, and the effects of the present invention can be more suitably obtained.
- Pluronic type nonionic surfactants include BASF Japan's Pluronic series, Sanyo Kasei's New Pole PE series, Asahi Denka Kogyo's Adeka Pluronic L or F series, Daiichi Examples include Epan series manufactured by Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., Pronon series manufactured by NOF Corporation, and Unilube. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content (content of the nonionic surfactant) is 0.1 parts by mass or more, preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, still more preferably 1 part by mass or more, in particular. Preferably it is 1.2 mass parts or more. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the effect of the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the said total content is 5.0 mass parts or less, Preferably it is 4.0 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 3.0 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 2.0 mass parts or less. If it exceeds 5.0 parts by mass, the elongation at break will deteriorate.
- a phenylenediamine-based antioxidant and / or a quinone-based antioxidant is used.
- these specific anti-aging agents are used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- Phenylenediamine-based anti-aging agents include N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-1,4-dimethylpentyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N -Isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl- p-phenylenediamine, N, N′-bis (1-methylheptyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N′-bis (1,4-dimethylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N′-bis ( 1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl) -p-phenylenedi
- quinone antioxidant examples include benzoquinone, hydroquinone, catechol, quinone diimine, quinomethane, and quinodimethane antioxidant, and quinone diimine antioxidant is preferable.
- quinonediimine anti-aging agents include N-isopropyl-N′-phenyl-p-quinonediimine, N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N′-phenylquinonediimine, and N, N′-diphenyl-p-quinonediimine.
- N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N′-phenylquinonediimine (6QDI) is preferable.
- the total content of the phenylenediamine-based anti-aging agent and the quinone-based anti-aging agent is 1.0 part by mass or more, preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1.8 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. More than a part. If it is less than 1.0 part by mass, sufficient ozone resistance and elongation at break cannot be obtained. Moreover, this total content is 8.0 mass parts or less, Preferably it is 5.0 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 4.5 mass parts or less. If the amount exceeds 8.0 parts by mass, discoloration (brown discoloration) occurs.
- the rubber composition of the present invention preferably contains carbon black. Thereby, the reinforcing effect and the ultraviolet ray preventing effect are obtained, and the effect of the present invention is obtained satisfactorily.
- the carbon black that can be used include GPF, FEF, HAF, ISAF, and SAF.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of carbon black is preferably 20 ⁇ 200m 2 / g, more preferably 30 ⁇ 60m 2 / g. Note that if N 2 SA is less than 20 m 2 / g, durability and steering stability may be reduced. If N 2 SA exceeds 200 m 2 / g, sufficient fuel economy and processability may not be obtained.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of carbon black is determined according to JIS K 6217-2: 2001.
- the content of carbon black is preferably 2 to 70 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If the amount is less than 2 parts by mass, sufficient reinforcing properties cannot be obtained, and durability, elongation at break, and steering stability tend to deteriorate. If it exceeds 70 parts by mass, the fuel efficiency may be deteriorated.
- the silica is not particularly limited, and for example, dry method silica (anhydrous silica), wet method silica (hydrous silica), and the like can be used.
- Wet silica (hydrous silica) is preferred because of the large number of silanol groups.
- the content of silica may be appropriately set from the viewpoint of the effect of the present invention.
- the content is the rubber component 100.
- the amount is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to parts by mass.
- silica it is preferable to mix
- silane coupling agent is included with a silica.
- silane coupling agent any silane coupling agent conventionally used in combination with silica can be used in the rubber industry, and examples thereof include sulfide systems such as bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, 3- Mercapto type such as mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, vinyl type such as vinyltriethoxysilane, amino type such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, glycidoxy type of ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-nitropropyltrimethoxy Examples thereof include nitro compounds such as silane and chloro compounds such as 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may contain a softening agent.
- a softener By blending a softener, the bloom of the anti-aging agent, the natural wax, the nonionic surfactant, and the petroleum-derived wax can be suitably controlled, and the effects of the present invention can be obtained better.
- oil C5 petroleum resin, C9 petroleum resin, coumarone indene resin, indene resin, non-reactive alkylphenol resin, ⁇ -methylstyrene and / or aromatic vinyl polymer obtained by polymerizing styrene
- the resin may be selected as appropriate in consideration of the transfer rate of the wax and the antioxidant. Of these, oil is preferred because the effects of the present invention can be suitably obtained.
- process oil for example, process oil, vegetable oil, or a mixture thereof can be used.
- process oil for example, a paraffin process oil, an aroma process oil, a naphthenic process oil, or the like can be used.
- paraffinic process oil include PW-32, PW-90, PW-150 and PS-32 manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
- aroma-based process oil include AC-12, AC-460, AH-16, AH-24, and AH-58 manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
- oils and fats castor oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil, palm oil, peanut hot water, rosin, pine oil, pineapple, tall oil, corn oil, rice bran oil, beet flower oil, sesame oil
- examples include olive oil, sunflower oil, palm kernel oil, camellia oil, jojoba oil, macadamia nut oil, and tung oil. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, an aromatic process oil is preferable because the effects of the present invention can be suitably obtained.
- the content of the softening agent is preferably 1.0 part by mass or more, more preferably 3.0 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- the softener content is preferably 40 parts by mass or less, more preferably 30 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 14 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 8.0 parts by mass or less.
- the rubber composition of the present invention can be appropriately mixed with a compounding agent generally used in the production of a rubber composition, such as stearic acid, zinc oxide, a vulcanizing agent, and a vulcanization accelerator.
- a compounding agent generally used in the production of a rubber composition such as stearic acid, zinc oxide, a vulcanizing agent, and a vulcanization accelerator.
- sulfur as a vulcanizing agent.
- moderate crosslinking chains can be formed between the polymers, the anti-aging agent, the natural wax, the nonionic surfactant, and the petroleum-derived wax bloom can be suitably controlled, and the effects of the present invention are more favorable.
- sulfur include powdered sulfur, precipitated sulfur, colloidal sulfur, insoluble sulfur, highly dispersible sulfur, and soluble sulfur that are generally used in the rubber industry. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the sulfur content is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, and still more preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If it is less than 0.1 part by mass, there is a risk that sufficient hardness (Hs) after vulcanization and co-crosslinking with the adjacent rubber compound may not be obtained.
- the sulfur content is preferably 6.0 parts by mass or less, more preferably 5.0 parts by mass or less, still more preferably 4.0 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 3.0 parts by mass or less. If it exceeds 6.0 parts by mass, crack growth resistance, ozone resistance, elongation at break and durability may be deteriorated.
- an alkylphenol / sulfur chloride condensate for example, tackolol V200 manufactured by Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd.
- tackolol V200 manufactured by Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the above components are kneaded using a rubber kneader such as an open roll or a Banbury mixer, and then vulcanized. Can be manufactured.
- a rubber kneader such as an open roll or a Banbury mixer
- the rubber composition of the present invention can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a tire member, but can be suitably used as a rubber composition for a tire outer layer constituting a tire surface (outer surface) such as a tread, a wing, a sidewall, and a clinch. .
- the wing is a member positioned between the tread and the sidewall in the shoulder portion, and specifically, a member shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-176267.
- the clinch is a rubber portion that covers a contact portion with a rim that exists under the sidewall, and is also called a clinch apex or a rubber chafer.
- a clinch apex or a rubber chafer.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention can be produced by a usual method using the rubber composition. That is, the above rubber composition is extruded in accordance with the shape of the tread, wing, sidewall, clinch, etc. of the tire at an unvulcanized stage, molded by a normal method on a tire molding machine, and other tires Bonding together with the member can form an unvulcanized tire.
- This unvulcanized tire can be heated and pressurized in a vulcanizer to produce a tire.
- NR TSR20 IR: IR2200 BR1: BR1250H manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. (tin-modified BR polymerized using a lithium initiator, vinyl content: 10 to 13% by mass, Mw / Mn: 1.5, tin atom content: 250 ppm)
- BR2 VCR617 (SPB-containing BR, SPB content: 17% by mass, melting point of SPB: 200 ° C.) manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.
- BR3 BUNA-CB25 manufactured by LANXESS SBR: SBR1502 manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.
- EPDM Esprene 502 manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Carbon Black (N550): Show Black N550 manufactured by Cabot Japan Co., Ltd. (N 2 SA: 42 m 2 / g, DBP oil absorption: 115 ml / 100 g) Oil: vivatec500 (TDAE, Low Polycyclic Aroma Oil) manufactured by H & R Stearic acid: Stearic acid “ ⁇ ” manufactured by NOF Corporation Zinc oxide: Silver candy R made by Toho Zinc Co., Ltd. Sulfur: Seimi sulfur OT (insoluble sulfur, containing 10% oil) manufactured by Nihon Kiboshi Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Vulcanization accelerator TBBS Noxeller NS (N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide) manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Cross-linking aid Tacrol V200 (alkylphenol / sulfur chloride condensate) manufactured by Taoka Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Petroleum-derived wax 1 prototype (normal alkane content: average 85% by mass)
- Petroleum-derived wax 2 Paraffin wax-125 (PW-125) manufactured by Nippon Seiki Co., Ltd. (normal alkane content: average 88% by mass)
- Naturally derived wax 1 refined rice wax S-100 manufactured by Yokoseki Oil & Fat Co., Ltd.
- Naturally derived wax 2 Rice wax TOWAX 37F manufactured by Toa Kasei Co., Ltd.
- Naturally derived wax 3 Purified beeswax BESWAXCO-100 (softening point distribution: 0 to 75 ° C., ester component: 70% by mass, free fatty acid: 14% by mass, free alcohol: 2% by mass, carbonized by Yokoseki Yushi Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Naturally derived wax 4 refined sugar cane wax prepared in the following production example (softening point distribution: 73 to 79 ° C., ester component: 61.4% by mass, free fatty acid: 13% by mass, free alcohol: 4% by mass, hydrocarbon: 22% by mass)
- ⁇ Surfactant 1> Ionette DO600 manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.
- main components are R 2 and R 3 in the formula (2): —C 17 H 33 , e: 12 in the formula (2), the following formula Compound represented by ⁇ Surfactant 2>: Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Ionette PO600 (main component is R 1 in formula (1): —C 17 H 33 , d in formula (1): 12, represented by the following formula Compound)
- the carbon number distribution of the petroleum-derived wax was measured by the following method, and the results are shown in FIG. Using a capillary GC as a measuring device and a capillary column coated with aluminum as a column, measurement was performed under conditions of carrier gas helium, a flow rate of 4 ml / min, a column temperature of 180 to 390 ° C., and a heating rate of 15 ° C./min.
- Examples and Comparative Examples In accordance with the formulation shown in Tables 1 and 2, chemicals other than sulfur, a crosslinking aid and a vulcanization accelerator were kneaded using a 1.7 L Banbury mixer manufactured by Kobe Steel Co., Ltd. Next, using an open roll, sulfur, a crosslinking aid and a vulcanization accelerator were added to the kneaded product and kneaded to obtain an unvulcanized rubber composition. Using the obtained unvulcanized rubber composition, it is molded according to the shape of tread, wing, sidewall, and clinch, and bonded together with other tire members to produce an unvulcanized tire, and vulcanized at 170 ° C. Thus, a test tire (205 / 65R15) was obtained. The performance of the obtained test tire was evaluated by the following test.
- ⁇ Ozone crack resistance test> High-temperature areas have been subjected to road tests for about one year (including summer) in the Middle East and United Arab Emirates, and sub-cold areas have been subjected to road tests in Hokkaido for about one year (including winter). evaluated. It shows that it is excellent in ozone resistance (crack-proof performance), so that a number is large. The target was 3+ or higher.
- (Standard) 1 Cracks or cuts of 3 mm or more are observed. Deep cracks of 2: 1 mm or more and less than 3 mm are observed. Deep and relatively large cracks less than 3: 1 mm are seen. 4: The naked eye can finally confirm cracks or cuts. 5: Although it cannot be confirmed with the naked eye, cracks or cuts can be confirmed with a magnifier (10x).
- a predetermined amount of petroleum-derived wax while maintaining or improving good elongation at break, excellent ozone resistance was obtained in a wide temperature range, and discoloration could be sufficiently suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
また、上記特定の界面活性剤は、ワックスや老化防止剤とともにタイヤ表面にブルームし、それらを溶かし平坦化するため、白変色を軽減できると共に、タイヤ表面に形成される表面保護層の凹凸が減り、乱反射により目立つ茶変色を大幅に軽減できる。また、黒光りの光沢をタイヤ表面に与えることもできる。また、耐オゾン性も改善できる。
更に、上記天然由来ワックスと、上記特定の界面活性剤とを併用することにより、良好な破断時伸びを維持又は改善しながら、耐変色性、耐オゾン性を相乗的に改善でき、広い温度域で優れた耐オゾン性が得られるとともに、変色も充分に抑制できる。
プルロニック型非イオン界面活性剤は、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレングリコール、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー、ポリプロピレングリコールエチレンオキシド付加物とも呼ばれ、一般的には、下記式(I)で表わされる非イオン界面活性剤である。下記式(I)で表わされるように、プルロニック型非イオン界面活性剤は、両側にエチレンオキシド構造から構成される親水基を有し、この親水基に挟まれるように、プロピレンオキシド構造から構成される疎水基を有する。
NR:TSR20
IR:IR2200
BR1:日本ゼオン(株)製のBR1250H(リチウム開始剤を用いて重合したスズ変性BR、ビニル含量:10~13質量%、Mw/Mn:1.5、スズ原子の含有量:250ppm)
BR2:宇部興産(株)製のVCR617(SPB含有BR、SPBの含有量:17質量%、SPBの融点:200℃)
BR3:ランクセス社製のBUNA-CB25
SBR:日本ゼオン(株)製のSBR1502
EPDM:住友化学(株)製のEsprene502
カーボンブラック(N550):キャボットジャパン(株)製のショウブラックN550(N2SA:42m2/g、DBP吸油量:115ml/100g)
オイル:H&R社製のvivatec500(TDAE、Low Polycyclic Aroma Oil)
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製のステアリン酸「椿」
酸化亜鉛:東邦亜鉛(株)製の銀嶺R
硫黄:日本乾溜工業(株)製のセイミ硫黄OT(不溶性硫黄、オイル10%含有)
加硫促進剤TBBS:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーNS(N-tert-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)
架橋助剤:田岡化学工業(株)製のタッキロールV200(アルキルフェノール・塩化硫黄縮合物)
石油由来ワックス1:試作品(ノルマルアルカン分:平均85質量%)
石油由来ワックス2:日本精鑞(株)製のパラフィンワックス-125(PW-125)(ノルマルアルカン分:平均88質量%)
天然由来ワックス1:横関油脂工業(株)製の精製ライスワックスS-100(軟化点分布:77~83℃、エステル成分:95質量%、遊離脂肪酸:4質量%、遊離アルコール:1質量%、炭化水素:1質量%)
天然由来ワックス2:東亜化成(株)製のライスワックスTOWAX 37F(軟化点分布:75~81℃、エステル成分:90質量%以上、遊離脂肪酸:5質量%、遊離アルコール:2質量%、炭化水素:1質量%)
天然由来ワックス3:横関油脂工業(株)製の精製ミツロウBEESWAXCO-100(軟化点分布:0~75℃、エステル成分:70質量%、遊離脂肪酸:14質量%、遊離アルコール:2質量%、炭化水素:14質量%)
天然由来ワックス4:下記製造例で調製した精製砂糖きびワックス(軟化点分布:73~79℃、エステル成分:61.4質量%、遊離脂肪酸:13質量%、遊離アルコール:4質量%、炭化水素:22質量%)
<界面活性剤1>:三洋化成工業(株)製のイオネットDO600(主成分が、式(2)のR2及びR3:-C17H33、式(2)のe:12、下式で表わされる化合物)
<界面活性剤4>:三洋化成工業(株)製のニューポールPE-74(プルロニック型非イオン界面活性剤(PEG/PPG-30/35コポリマー)(上記式(I)のa+c:30、b:35)
<界面活性剤5>:関東化学(株)製のモノステアリン酸ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン
<界面活性剤6>:関東化学(株)製のトリオレイン酸ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン
<界面活性剤7>:関東化学(株)製のポリオキシエチレンドデシルエーテル
<界面活性剤8>:東京化成工業(株)製のエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル
老化防止剤6C:住友化学(株)製のアンチゲン6C(N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン(6PPD))
老化防止剤6QDI:フレキシス社製の6QDI(N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニルキノンジイミン)
老化防止剤TMQ:大内新興化学工業(株)製ノクラック224(2,2,4-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロキノリン重合体)
粗糖製造工程で砂糖きびを圧搾して絞り取った砂糖ジュースを静置し、ジュース上部に浮上してくる主として繊維分と油脂分からなる浮遊物を濾過分離して得られるフィルターケーキを真空恒温槽で乾燥し、乾燥ケーキを得た。この乾燥ケーキを、撹拌機と還流冷却器、そして加熱ヒーターを備えた容器に入れ、抽出溶媒を加え、撹拌しながら加熱して溶媒の還流温度で抽出した。抽出が終了した後直ちに濾過を行い、フィルターケーキを分離除去した。濾過液を静置して下層の水層を分離した後、溶媒層を蒸留し、溶媒を除去して深緑色の砂糖きび粗ワックスを得た。得られた砂糖きびワックスを常法に従って溶剤精製し、溶媒を蒸留で除去した後、更にこれを常法に従い漂白、脱臭処理して精製砂糖きびワックスを得た。
測定装置としてキャピラリーGC、カラムとしてアルミニウムコーティングされたキャピラリーカラムを用い、キャリアガスヘリウム、流量4ml/分、カラム温度180~390℃、昇温速度15℃/分の条件にて測定した。
表1~2に示す配合処方にしたがい、(株)神戸製鋼製1.7Lバンバリーミキサーを用いて、硫黄、架橋助剤及び加硫促進剤以外の薬品を混練りした。次に、オープンロールを用いて、得られた混練り物に硫黄、架橋助剤及び加硫促進剤を添加して練り込み、未加硫ゴム組成物を得た。得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を用いて、トレッド、ウイング、サイドウォール、クリンチの形状に合わせて成形し、他のタイヤ部材とともに貼り合わせて未加硫タイヤを作製し、170℃で加硫して試験用タイヤ(205/65R15)を得た。得られた試験用タイヤの性能を以下の試験により評価した。
タイヤのサイドウォールから試験ゴムを切り出した。次に、JIS K6253に準拠し、25℃の温度で硬度計を用いて、切り出した試験ゴムの硬度を測定(ショア-A測定)した。硬度は、54±1になる様に、配合調整し、破断時伸び(EB)を比較可能とした。
タイヤのサイドウォールから試験ゴムを切り出した。次に、切り出した試験ゴムから3号ダンベル型を用いて試験片を作成し、JIS K 6251「加硫ゴム及び熱可塑性ゴム-引張特性の求め方」に準じて、室温にて引張試験を実施し、破断時伸びEB(%)を測定し、比較例1のEBを100とした指数(各配合のEB/比較例1のEB×100)を計算した。指数が大きいほど、破断時伸びに優れることを示す。なお、EB指数は95以上を目標とした。
高温地域は中近東アラブ首長国連邦で約1年間(夏を含む)、亜寒冷地域は北海道で約1年間(冬を含む)ロードテストを行い、発生したクラックの度合いを、以下の基準にしたがって評価した。数字が大きいほど、耐オゾン性(耐クラック性能)に優れていることを示す。なお、3+以上を目標とした。
1:3mm以上の亀裂または切断が見られる。
2:1mm以上3mm未満の深い亀裂が見られる。
3:1mm未満の深くて比較的大きな亀裂が見られる。
4:肉眼では、やっとのことで亀裂または切断が確認できる。
5:肉眼では確認できないが、拡大鏡(10倍)では亀裂または切断が確認できる。
(1)屋外:茶変色評価
神戸にて、タイヤを屋外の日の当たる場所に6カ月間(冬~夏)放置し、色差度計を用いて、a*、b*を測定し、その値により、以下の基準にしたがって5段階に分けて評価した。数字が大きいほど、茶変色の度合いが小さいことを示す。なお、3+以上を目標とした。
(基準)
1:-(a*+b*)×10≦-30
2:-30<-(a*+b*)×10≦-20
3:-20<-(a*+b*)×10≦-10
4:-10<-(a*+b*)×10≦0
5:-(a*+b*)×10>0
神戸にて、タイヤを屋内の倉庫に6カ月間(冬~夏)放置し、色差度計を用いて、L*を測定し、その値により、以下の基準にしたがって5段階に分けて評価した。数字が大きいほど、白変色の度合いが小さいことを示す。なお、3+以上を目標とした。
(基準)
1:100-L*≦60
2:60<100-L*≦65
3:65<100-L*≦70
4:70<100-L*≦75
5:100-L*>75
Claims (5)
- ゴム成分と、エステル成分含有量が40~98質量%の天然由来ワックスと、フェニレンジアミン系及び/又はキノン系老化防止剤と、非イオン界面活性剤とを含み、
前記非イオン界面活性剤が、下記式(1)及び/又は下記式(2)で表される非イオン界面活性剤、並びにプルロニック型非イオン界面活性剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種であり、
ゴム成分100質量%中のジエン系ゴムの含有量が70~100質量%であり、
ゴム成分100質量部に対して、前記天然由来ワックスの含有量が0.01~5.0質量部、石油由来ワックスの含有量が0~6.0質量部、前記フェニレンジアミン系及び前記キノン系老化防止剤の合計含有量が1.0~8.0質量部、前記非イオン界面活性剤の含有量が0.1~5.0質量部であるタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 前記天然由来ワックスは、イネ科植物から抽出され、軟化点60~90℃の成分からなるものである請求項1記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 前記石油由来ワックス100質量%中の炭素数20~32の各ノルマルアルカンの合計含有率が25~50質量%、炭素数33~44の各ノルマルアルカンの合計含有率が25~50質量%である請求項1又は2記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- タイヤ外層用ゴム組成物である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物を用いて作製した空気入りタイヤ。
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JP2018177873A (ja) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-11-15 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
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FR3073858B1 (fr) | 2017-11-17 | 2019-10-18 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pourvu d'un flanc externe comportant un plastifiant liquide presentant une basse temperature de transition vitreuse |
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