WO2014203292A1 - Dispositif de capture d'image de radiation - Google Patents

Dispositif de capture d'image de radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014203292A1
WO2014203292A1 PCT/JP2013/003867 JP2013003867W WO2014203292A1 WO 2014203292 A1 WO2014203292 A1 WO 2014203292A1 JP 2013003867 W JP2013003867 W JP 2013003867W WO 2014203292 A1 WO2014203292 A1 WO 2014203292A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subject
imaging
preview image
radiation
operator
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PCT/JP2013/003867
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大介 能登原
敏豪 豊田
森　一博
Original Assignee
株式会社島津製作所
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Application filed by 株式会社島津製作所 filed Critical 株式会社島津製作所
Priority to JP2015522266A priority Critical patent/JP6164293B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2013/003867 priority patent/WO2014203292A1/fr
Publication of WO2014203292A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014203292A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0492—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like using markers or indicia for aiding patient positioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/54—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/542—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure
    • A61B6/544—Control of apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis involving control of exposure dependent on patient size
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0407—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/06—Diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radiographic apparatus that performs radiography of a subject, and more particularly, to a radiographic apparatus that has been devised to suppress unnecessary radiation exposure on a subject when aligning imaging.
  • a medical institution is equipped with a radiation imaging apparatus that images a subject M by irradiating radiation (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • a radiation imaging apparatus includes a radiation source 53 that emits radiation and an FPD 54 that detects radiation, as shown in FIG.
  • a top plate 52 on which the subject M is placed is provided between the radiation source 53 and the FPD 54 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • Such a radiation imaging apparatus can perform spot imaging to obtain a radiation image by irradiating a single radiation.
  • the alignment of the subject is important. This is because a radiographic image capable of accurate diagnosis cannot be obtained unless imaging is performed so that the region of interest of the subject is surely within the field of view at the time of imaging.
  • a radiographic image in which the region of interest of the subject is not located at the center of the image is acquired by spot imaging, it is necessary to perform spot imaging again after aligning the subject.
  • This spot photography needs to irradiate the subject with a relatively high dose of radiation. If spot imaging is continued many times just because the subject is not aligned correctly, unnecessary exposure to the subject will increase.
  • the conventional configuration is configured to avoid failure of spot shooting in advance. That is, a moving image (live image) is photographed while continuously irradiating a relatively low dose of radiation before spot photographing. Since the live image is a moving image, the subject in the live image appears to move when the operator adjusts the imaging range. The surgeon can align the subject with the imaging range while visually recognizing the live image. When the alignment of the subject with the live image is completed, spot imaging is performed on the subject after the positioning has been reliably performed. Therefore, according to the method using the live image, it is not necessary to repeat the spot photographing many times.
  • the conventional configuration has the following problems. That is, it cannot be said that the conventional configuration sufficiently suppresses unnecessary exposure to the subject.
  • a live image is shot before spot shooting.
  • this live image is shot using a lower dose of radiation than spot shooting, since it is moving image shooting, the shooting time is longer than spot shooting.
  • the exposure amount of the subject is determined by the cumulative amount of irradiated radiation. That is, just because a live image is taken at a low dose, the exposure dose of the subject is not always small.
  • the amount of exposure to the subject can be further reduced.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a radiographic apparatus capable of reliably aligning a subject with an imaging range while suppressing unnecessary exposure to the subject. Is to provide.
  • a radiographic apparatus includes a top plate on which a subject is placed, a radiation source that irradiates the subject with radiation, a detection unit that detects radiation transmitted through the subject, a radiation source, and a detection
  • a support member for supporting the means a top plate moving means for moving the top plate in one direction, a support member moving means for moving the support member in a direction perpendicular to the one direction with respect to the top plate, and a low dose of the subject
  • Preview shooting instruction input means for inputting a preview shooting instruction for shooting at the camera, a display means for displaying a preview image obtained by the preview shooting, and a point on the preview image displayed on the display means are selected by the operator
  • a partial selection input means for selecting a part of the subject, and a subject selected by the operator through the partial selection input means prior to the main imaging, which is imaging of the subject at a high dose.
  • a portion of the is characterized in further comprising a
  • the radiation exposure to the subject can be suppressed as compared with the conventional imaging technique. That is, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to reliably set the imaging range as desired by the operator with a single preview image. Unlike the live image capturing, the preview image has a short capturing time, so that the radiation dose to the subject can be suppressed accordingly. Further, according to the configuration of the present invention, the photographing range is aligned by causing the operator to select one point on the preview image. That is, the imaging range is moved so that a part of the subject corresponding to one point on the preview image selected by the operator is at the center of the imaging range. In this way, the position adjustment of the shooting range can be executed reliably without shooting a live image.
  • the radiographic apparatus described above further includes a collimator that limits the spread of the radiation emitted from the radiation source, and the partial selection input means allows the operator to select a rectangular area on the preview image, so that the subject's interest The region is selected and the center of the rectangular region is operated as one point selected by the operator, and the movement control unit controls the region of interest of the subject when controlling the top plate moving unit and the support member moving unit. It is more desirable to control the collimator so that only the radiation is irradiated.
  • the above-described configuration represents a more specific configuration of the radiation imaging apparatus of the present invention. If the operator selects the region of interest of the subject through selection of the rectangular region on the preview image and the collimator opening is adjusted so that only the region of interest of the subject is irradiated, the imaging range As well as moving the camera, it is possible to easily reduce the shooting range.
  • the partial selection input unit selects two places on the preview image displayed on the display unit, thereby making a quadrilateral on the preview image having a straight line connecting the selected two points as a diagonal line. It is more desirable if the region is operated as a rectangular region selected by the operator.
  • the display unit displays a cursor superimposed on the preview image
  • the partial selection input unit causes the operator to input confirmation of selection of the portion where the cursor is placed on the preview image. It is more desirable if it works.
  • control start instruction means for inputting an instruction to start control by the operator to the movement control means.
  • the above-described configuration represents a more specific configuration of the radiation imaging apparatus of the present invention. As described above, if the operation requires the operator's permission to move the imaging range, it is possible to suppress the movement of each part of the radiography apparatus against the operator's intention, and a safer radiography apparatus can be obtained. Can be provided.
  • the movement control unit performs the preview imaging again when the operator gives an instruction for preview imaging through the preview imaging instruction input unit after the selection by the partial selection input unit is completed.
  • the above-described configuration represents a more specific configuration of the radiation imaging apparatus of the present invention.
  • the shooting range is aligned by allowing the operator to select one point on the preview image. That is, the imaging range is moved so that a part of the subject corresponding to one point on the preview image selected by the operator is at the center of the imaging range. In this way, the position adjustment of the shooting range can be executed reliably without shooting a live image.
  • the present invention it is possible to suppress the exposure dose of radiation to a subject as compared with a conventional imaging method. Unlike the live image capturing, the preview image has a short capturing time, so that the radiation dose to the subject can be suppressed accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of an X-ray imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the movement of the support member according to the first embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining the movement of the top plate which concerns on Example 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a collimator according to a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a shooting range at the time of preview shooting according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific mode of selection on a preview image according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating position data according to the first embodiment. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating how to obtain a ratio according to Example 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating movement of a shooting range according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view for explaining an alignment start button according to the first embodiment.
  • 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of the X-ray imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining an X-ray image according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific mode of selection on a preview image according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating control of a collimator according to a second embodiment.
  • 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining an X-ray image according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. It is a flowchart explaining operation
  • X-rays in the examples correspond to the radiation of the present invention.
  • FPD is an abbreviation for flat panel detector.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 includes a top plate 2 on which a subject M in a prone position is placed, an X-ray tube 3 that irradiates X-rays provided above the top plate 2, and a top plate. 2 and an FPD 4 that detects X-rays transmitted through the subject M.
  • the FPD 4 is a rectangle having four sides along either the body axis direction A or the body side direction S of the subject M.
  • the X-ray tube 3 irradiates the FPD 4 with a quadrangular pyramid-shaped X-ray beam that spreads radially.
  • the FPD 4 receives the X-ray beam on the entire surface.
  • X-ray detection elements are two-dimensionally arranged in the body axis direction A and the body side direction S.
  • the X-ray tube 3 corresponds to the radiation source of the present invention
  • the FPD 4 corresponds to the detection means of the present invention.
  • the support member 5 supports the imaging systems 3, 3 a, 4 including the X-ray tube 3 and the FPD 4.
  • the support member 5 is driven by the support member moving mechanism 11 and can move in the body axis direction A of the subject M with respect to the top 2.
  • the support member moving mechanism 11 is a mechanism for moving the X-ray tube 3 and the FPD 4 integrally with the top plate 2 in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 2. By moving in this way, the position for performing X-ray imaging on the subject M can be changed.
  • the support member movement control unit 12 is provided for the purpose of controlling the support member movement mechanism 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the support member moving mechanism 11 moves the imaging systems 3, 3 a, 4 together with the support member 5.
  • the support member moving mechanism 11 corresponds to the support member moving means of the present invention
  • the support member movement control unit 12 corresponds to the movement control means of the present invention.
  • the top plate support 7 is provided for the purpose of supporting the top plate 2.
  • the top board support 7 is driven by the top board moving mechanism 9 and can move in the body side direction S of the subject M with respect to the floor surface of the examination room.
  • the top plate 2 moves following the top plate support 7.
  • the top plate moving mechanism 9 is a mechanism for moving the top plate 2 in the short direction of the top plate 2 with respect to the floor surface of the examination room. By moving in this way, the position for performing X-ray imaging on the subject M can be changed.
  • the top plate movement control unit 10 is provided for the purpose of controlling the top plate moving mechanism 9.
  • FIG. 3 shows how the top plate moving mechanism 9 moves the top plate 2 relative to the X-ray tube 3.
  • the top plate moving mechanism 9 and the support member moving mechanism 11 are independent from each other.
  • the support member moving mechanism 11 is configured to move the support member 5 in the direction orthogonal to the one direction with respect to the top plate 2.
  • the top plate moving mechanism 9 corresponds to the top plate moving means of the present invention
  • the top plate movement control unit 10 corresponds to the movement control means of the present invention.
  • the X-ray tube 3 is provided with a collimator 3a that limits the X-ray irradiation range to limit the X-ray spread and change the width of the imaging range described later.
  • the collimator 3a has a pair of shielding blades 3b that move in a mirror image symmetry in the vertical direction with respect to the central axis C of the X-ray beam B.
  • the collimator 3a has a mirror image symmetry in the horizontal direction with respect to the central axis of the X-ray beam B.
  • Another pair of moving shielding blades 3b are provided.
  • the collimator 3a can irradiate the entire detection surface of the FPD 4 with cone-shaped X-rays by moving the shielding blade 3b, for example, only the central portion of the detection surface is irradiated with fan-shaped X-rays. It can also be made.
  • the shielding blade 3b is movable, and the shielding blade 3b is movable.
  • the shielding blade movement mechanism 13 is provided for the purpose of driving the shielding blade 3b of the collimator 3a, and the shielding blade movement control unit 14 is provided for the purpose of controlling the shielding blade movement mechanism 13.
  • the shielding blade movement control unit 14 corresponds to the movement control means of the present invention.
  • the X-ray beam B whose spread is limited by the collimator 3a reaches the subject M while spreading radially.
  • the range that the X-ray beam B reaches in the subject M coincides with the imaging range that is an imaging range when X-ray imaging is performed in the subject M. This is because X-ray exposure of the subject M can be suppressed to a minimum if X-rays reach only the imaging range.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 irradiates X-rays only to the portion of the subject M placed on the top board 2 that falls within the imaging range and does not image it.
  • FIG. 5 shows the subject M placed on the top 2.
  • the position of the shooting range R1 is not adjusted, and the shooting range R1 is not a position suitable for the purpose of shooting.
  • the preview image Pv is shot in a state where the position adjustment of the shooting range R1 is incomplete.
  • the preview image Pv is a fluoroscopic image obtained by X-ray imaging of a portion of the subject M that falls within the imaging range R1.
  • the preview image Pv is taken with a relatively low dose.
  • the specific dose is approximately the same as the X-ray dose irradiated to the subject M when one frame is shot in the conventional moving image shooting (live image shooting).
  • the left side of FIG. 6 represents a state in which the preview image Pv is displayed on the display unit 25.
  • the preview image Pv does not capture a subject image that is sharp enough to be used for accurate diagnosis
  • the preview image Pv roughly represents the contour of the subject M in the imaging range R1 and the internal structure of the subject M such as the vertebrae. It has become complicated.
  • the mouse cursor c is superimposed and displayed.
  • the foot switch 29 is provided for the purpose of allowing the operator to input an instruction for photographing the preview image Pv.
  • the display unit 25 corresponds to the display unit of the present invention, and the foot switch 29 corresponds to the preview photographing instruction input unit of the present invention.
  • the operator first visually recognizes the preview image Pv and examines which part of the subject M is desired to be the center of the imaging range. Then, the surgeon selects a point on the preview image Pv and transmits to the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 that this point is desired as the center of the imaging range.
  • a mouse 30 attached to the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 is used for selecting one point on the image. The surgeon can move the mouse cursor c on the preview image Pv through the mouse 30.
  • the mouse 30 causes the operator to select a point on the preview image Pv displayed on the display unit 25, thereby selecting a part of the subject M.
  • the mouse 30 corresponds to a partial selection input unit of the present invention.
  • What is effective when the operator selects one point on the preview image Pv is an image of the subject M reflected in the preview image Pv.
  • the surgeon wants the third vertebra moving to the end of the preview image Pv to be the center of the imaging range. It can be easily set as the selection point p shown.
  • the operator's input through the mouse 30 is sent to the movement distance calculation unit 16 as input data.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 grasps the positional relationship between the center point o of the preview image Pv and the selection point p based on the input data, and calculates the movement distance of the top support 7 and the support member 5. This movement distance represents a specific movement amount when moving the imaging range.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 calculates position data indicating the position of the selection point p on the preview image Pv when the operator selects the selection point p. As shown in FIG. 7, the position data includes position data dy related to the vertical direction of the selected point p and the position data dx related to the horizontal direction when the center point o of the preview image Pv is the origin. . The moving distance calculation unit 16 determines the extent of the imaging range on the subject M so that the selected point p that is not at the center of the preview image Pv is positioned at the center of the imaging range based on the position data dx and dy.
  • the movement distance indicating whether or not to move is calculated.
  • the movement distance calculated at this time is composed of movement distance data dS indicating the movement distance of the imaging range in the body-side direction S and movement distance data dA indicating the movement distance of the imaging range in the body axis direction A.
  • the vertical direction corresponds to the body axis direction A of the subject M
  • the horizontal direction corresponds to the body side direction S of the subject M. Accordingly, the movement distance data dS is calculated from the position data dx, and the movement distance data dA is calculated from the position data dy.
  • a ratio ra between the position data and the movement distance is used.
  • This ratio ra indicates how much distance one pixel constituting the preview image Pv corresponds to in the subject M. Based on this ratio ra, the movement distance calculation unit 16 recognizes how far the number of pixels indicated by the position data dx, dy corresponds to in the subject M, and calculates movement distance data dA, dS. This ratio ra is calculated in advance by the ratio calculation unit 15.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a method by which the ratio calculation unit 15 calculates the ratio ra.
  • the shielding blade 3 b of the collimator 3 a is fully opened, and the preview image Pv is captured using the entire surface of the FPD 4.
  • the preview image Pv represents the shape of the detection surface 4a of the FPD 4 as it is.
  • the width of the detection surface 4a of the FPD 4 at this time is defined as a width W1.
  • the width W1 represents the size of the shooting range, and both ends of the width W1 correspond to both ends on the preview image Pv. Since the number of pixels arranged between both ends on the preview image Pv is known in advance, it is possible to know how many pixels the width W1 corresponds to the preview image Pv based on this. For example, it is assumed that the width W1 corresponds to 1,000 pixels.
  • the ratio calculation unit 15 calculates a specific length of the width W2 by geometric calculation. However, since the subject M has a thickness, a device is required to obtain the width W2. In this regard, the ratio calculation unit 15 according to the first embodiment operates assuming that the virtual plane s located 10 cm away from the top 2 toward the X-ray tube 3 is the position of the subject M.
  • the constant used when the ratio calculation unit 15 calculates the width W2 includes the distance W1, the distance from the focal point of the X-ray tube 3 to the FPD 4, and the distance from the X-ray tube 3 to the top plate 2.
  • the subject M positioned in the range of the width W2 is projected onto the FPD 4 in a state of being expanded to the range of the width W1 by X-rays, and is imaged as a preview image Pv having a width of 1,000 pixels. That is, the width W2 of the subject M corresponds to 1,000 pixels on the preview image Pv.
  • the ratio calculation unit 15 uses the fact that 1,000 pixels in the preview image Pv correspond to the width W2 after the calculation of the width W2, and how much one pixel constituting the preview image Pv is in the subject M. A ratio ra indicating whether the distance corresponds to the distance is calculated.
  • the movement distance data dS related to the body side direction S is sent to the top board movement control unit 10.
  • the movement distance data dA in the body axis direction A is sent to the support member movement control unit 12.
  • the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 move the imaging range with respect to the subject M by moving the support member 5 and the top plate support 7 based on the movement distance data dA and dS. Realize.
  • the top board movement control unit 10 takes charge of the movement of the imaging range in the body side direction S of the movement of the imaging range with respect to the subject M.
  • the support member movement control unit 12 is in charge of movement in the body axis direction A among movements of the imaging range with respect to the subject M.
  • FIG. 9 shows the result of the movement of the imaging range with respect to the subject M in which the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 cooperated.
  • the shooting range is moved from the initial shooting range R1 where the preview image Pv was shot by the control units 10 and 12 to the shooting range R2.
  • the center q1 of the shooting range R1 corresponds to the center point o (see FIG. 7) in the preview image Pv
  • the center q2 of the shooting range R2 is the selection point p (see FIG. 7) selected in the preview image Pv. 7).
  • the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 have a part of the subject M selected by the operator through the mouse 30 at the center of the imaging range prior to the main imaging that is imaging at a high dose.
  • the top plate moving mechanism 9 and the support member moving mechanism 11 are controlled.
  • FIG. 10 shows a console 26 according to the present invention.
  • a display panel for displaying set values such as tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray tube 3, a button for instructing to start photographing, and the like.
  • a characteristic feature of the configuration of the first embodiment is that an alignment start button 26a is provided for allowing the operator to instruct the execution of the movement of the imaging range described with reference to FIG. That is, according to the configuration of the first embodiment, when the operator selects the selection point p on the preview image Pv through the mouse 30, the photographing range is not immediately moved, but after the selection point p is selected, the operator However, the movement of the photographing range is executed only when the alignment start button 26a is pressed. In this manner, the alignment start button 26a causes the operator to input an instruction to start control to the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12.
  • the alignment start button 26a corresponds to control start instruction means of the present invention.
  • the main control unit 27 (see FIG. 1) is provided for the purpose of comprehensively controlling each control unit.
  • the main control unit 27 is constituted by a CPU, and executes various programs to control the X-ray irradiation of the X-ray tube 3 and the respective units 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 21. Is realized. Further, each of the above-described units may be divided and executed by an arithmetic device that takes charge of them.
  • the storage unit 28 stores all information related to device control such as the control conditions for the X-ray tube 3 during preview imaging and the control conditions for the X-ray tube 3 during main imaging.
  • the image generation unit 21 acquires the preview image Pv or the X-ray image P1 based on the X-ray detection data output from the FPD 4.
  • the operation of the X-ray imaging apparatus will be described.
  • the subject M is first placed on the top 2 (subject placement step S1).
  • the operator adjusts the position of the subject M with respect to the imaging range through the console 26 (subject position adjustment step S2).
  • visible light emitted from a visible light source attached to the X-ray tube 3 is used.
  • the visible light spreads radially from the X-ray generation point (focal point) of the X-ray tube 3 and is devised to illuminate the subject M on the top 2. Therefore, the range in which the visible light reaches the subject M coincides with the X-ray imaging range.
  • Such visible light irradiation from the X-ray tube 3 is effective for rough alignment of the subject M.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 starts imaging the preview image Pv (preview imaging instruction step S3).
  • the preview image Pv is performed based on the same shooting mode as that for shooting one frame at the time of live image shooting. Since the live image is continuous imaging, the dose of X-rays used for imaging for one frame is suppressed to be considerably low. Therefore, the dose of X-rays at the time of photographing the preview image Pv is also very small.
  • the X-ray tube control unit 6 controls the X-ray tube 3 according to the preview image Pv imaging control conditions stored in the storage unit 28 during preview imaging.
  • the captured preview image Pv is displayed on the display unit 25. Although the preview image Pv does not capture the subject M so clearly that it can be used for accurate diagnosis, the preview image Pv is sufficient to know the rough internal structure of the subject M.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 determines the third vertebra based on the operator's input. Position data dx and dy indicating the position of the selection point p located above are calculated. Then, the moving distance calculation unit 16 moves the moving distance data indicating the moving distance of the imaging range based on the position data dx, dy and the ratio ra indicating the correspondence between the number of pixels on the preview image Pv and the distance on the subject. dA and dS are calculated. The X-ray imaging apparatus 1 stands by in this state.
  • the top board movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 cooperate to move the imaging range with respect to the subject M in accordance with the movement distance data dA and dS. Execute (movement instruction step S5). At this time, the center of the imaging range is the third vertebra of the subject M as expected by the operator.
  • Step S6 X-rays having a higher dose than that during preview imaging are output from the X-ray tube 3, and a diagnostic X-ray image P1 is acquired (main imaging instruction).
  • the X-ray tube control unit 6 controls the X-ray tube 3 according to the control conditions for main imaging stored in the storage unit 28 during main imaging.
  • the photographed X-ray image P1 is displayed on the display unit 25.
  • the X-ray image P1 shows the subject M so clearly that it can be used for accurate diagnosis.
  • FIG. 12 shows the X-ray image P1 obtained by the main imaging.
  • the portion of the subject M designated by the operator selecting one point of the preview image Pv is located at the center of the X-ray image P1. If the surgeon uses the third vertebra on the preview image Pv as the selection point p in the image part selection step S4, the third vertebra reflected in the X-ray image P1 is located at the center of the image. Become.
  • the radiation exposure amount to the subject M can be suppressed as compared with the conventional imaging technique. That is, according to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to reliably set the imaging range as desired by the operator by using one preview image Pv. Unlike the live image capturing, the preview image Pv has a short capturing time, and thus the radiation dose irradiated to the subject M can be suppressed accordingly.
  • the photographing range is aligned by allowing the operator to select one point on the preview image Pv. That is, the imaging range is moved so that a part of the subject M corresponding to one point on the preview image Pv selected by the surgeon is the center of the imaging range. In this way, the position adjustment of the shooting range can be executed reliably without shooting a live image.
  • each part of the radiation imaging apparatus moves against the operator's intention. Therefore, a safer radiographic apparatus can be provided.
  • the configuration of the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment will be described. Since the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, description of common parts is omitted.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment is different in the selection method of the selection point p using the preview image Pv. That is, in the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment, the selection point p described in the first embodiment is selected by allowing the operator to specify two points on the preview image Pv.
  • the two points designated by the operator in the second embodiment will be referred to as a first designated point r1 and a second designated point r2 for the purpose of distinguishing from the selected point p in the first embodiment.
  • the manner in which the operator designates the designated points r1 and r2 of the preview image Pv is the same as the selection of the selection point p using the mouse 30 in the first embodiment.
  • the mouse 30 selects two locations on the preview image Pv displayed on the display unit 25, so that a rectangular area on the preview image Pv having a straight line connecting the selected two locations as a diagonal line is displayed. It operates as being a rectangular area D selected by the surgeon.
  • FIG. 13 shows a state where the surgeon has designated the designated points r1 and r2 on the preview image Pv displayed on the display unit 25.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 recognizes a rectangular region D having a diagonal line connecting the designated points r1 and r2.
  • the rectangle has two sides parallel to the vertical direction of the preview image Pv, and the other two sides parallel to the horizontal direction of the preview image Pv. That is, the mouse 30 in the second embodiment causes the operator to select the rectangular region D on the preview image Pv, thereby selecting the region of interest of the subject M.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 recognizes the center of the rectangular area D as the selection point p. Therefore, the movement distance calculation unit 16 calculates the movement distance data dA and dS so that the selected point p is at the center of the shooting range. The specific method of this calculation has already been described with reference to FIGS. Thus, the mouse 30 in the second embodiment operates assuming that the center of the rectangular area D is the selection point p selected by the operator.
  • the designation of the designated points r1 and r2 performed by the surgeon has the meaning of designating where the center of the imaging range is to be made as described above, and also has the meaning of designating the size of the imaging range itself. That is, when the surgeon designates the designated points r1 and r2, the photographing range that is wide enough to project the entire preview image Pv is reduced to the designated rectangular area D. In order to realize the reduction of the photographing range, the opening degree of the collimator 3a must be changed.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 in the second embodiment also calculates the movement distance of the shielding blade 3b of the collimator 3a. That is, the movement distance calculation unit 16 calculates movement distance data dC indicating the movement distance of the shielding blade 3b in accordance with the calculation of the movement distance data dA and dS indicating the movement distance of the imaging range.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 calculates movement distance data dC related to the movement of the shielding blade 3b.
  • the movement distance calculation unit 16 acquires position data of the designated points r1 and r2 on the preview image Pv. This position data represents where the designated points r1 and r2 are located in the vertical and horizontal directions of the preview image Pv. Therefore, the position data is composed of position data dy1, dy2 in the vertical direction of the designated points r1, r2, and position data dx1, dx2 in the horizontal direction of the designated points r1, r2. Based on these position data, the movement distance calculation unit 16 calculates what percentage of the vertical width of the rectangular area D corresponds to the vertical width of the preview image Pv. Similarly, the horizontal width of the rectangular area D corresponds to the preview image Pv. Calculate what percentage of the width.
  • the moving distance calculation unit 16 calculates the moving distance of the shielding blade 3b based on the calculated percentage. For example, assume that the vertical width of the rectangular area D is 50% of the vertical width of the preview image Pv. At this time, the movement distance calculation unit 16 calculates the movement distance of the shielding blade 3b so that the opening degree of the collimator 3a at the time of photographing the preview image Pv is 100% and the opening degree is 50%. The opening degree of the collimator 3a at the time of photographing the preview image Pv is the minimum opening degree necessary for X-rays to enter the entire detection surface 4a of the FPD 4. The movement distance calculation unit 16 sends movement distance data dC indicating the movement distance of the calculation result to the shielding blade movement control unit 14. The movement distance calculation unit 16 performs the same operation for the horizontal width of the rectangular region D.
  • FIG. 14 shows a state where the shielding blade movement control unit 14 adjusts the opening degree of the collimator 3a according to the movement distance data dC.
  • the width W3 of the area where the X-ray reaches in the FPD 4 is specified by the operator through the specification of the rectangular area D. That is, the ratio of the width W3 to the width W1 of the FPD 4 is equal to the vertical width of the rectangular area D with respect to the vertical width of the preview image Pv.
  • the shielding blade movement control unit 14 performs the same operation for the lateral width of the rectangular region D. In this way, the shielding blade movement control unit 14 controls the collimator 3a so that the radiation is irradiated only to the region of interest of the subject M.
  • the movement of the shielding blade 3b of the collimator 3a is a mirror image object.
  • the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 move the imaging region itself relative to the subject M. That is, the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 move the imaging region so that the selection point p is at the center. Thereafter, when the shielding blade 3b is moved to the mirror image object, the imaging region becomes gradually narrower while maintaining a symmetrical state with the selection point p as the center point. If the imaging area is gradually reduced as it is, there may be a case where only the rectangular area D is irradiated with X-rays. This is because the selection point p is also the center point of the rectangular area D.
  • the specific distance to which the shooting area should be reduced is represented by the movement distance data dC calculated by the movement distance calculation unit 16 described above.
  • the shielding blade movement control unit 14 is configured to control the shielding blade movement mechanism 13 when the top plate movement mechanism 9 and the support member movement mechanism 11 are controlled.
  • FIG. 15 shows an X-ray image P2 obtained by the main imaging according to the second embodiment.
  • the X-ray image P2 is an enlarged image of the subject M compared to the preview image Pv (see FIG. 13). This is due to the fact that the shooting range for main shooting is narrower than the shooting range for preview shooting. Therefore, when the preview image Pv and the X-ray image P2 are compared, the X-ray image P2 is an image obtained by extracting and enlarging the rectangular region D in the preview image Pv if attention is paid only to the shape of the subject M to be reflected. It has become. However, since the X-ray image P2 is taken with a higher dose of X-rays than the preview image Pv, the image quality is better than that of the preview image Pv.
  • the operator selects the region of interest of the subject M through selection of the rectangular region on the preview image Pv, and the opening degree of the collimator 3a is adjusted so that only the region of interest of the subject M is irradiated with radiation. By doing so, not only the movement of the shooting range but also the reduction of the shooting range can be performed more easily.
  • the present invention is not limited to the configuration described above, and can be modified as follows.
  • the shooting range is moved based on the preview image Pv and the main shooting is performed.
  • the present invention is not limited to this configuration. That is, after the shooting range is moved based on the preview image Pv, the preview image Pv is acquired once more, and based on this shooting result, it is confirmed whether the shooting range has been moved as intended by the operator. Can do. That is, the top plate movement control unit 10 and the support member movement control unit 12 perform the preview shooting again when the operator gives an instruction for preview shooting through the foot switch 29 after the selection by the mouse 30 is completed. Prior to this, the operation is performed so that a part of the subject M selected by the operator through the mouse 30 becomes the center of the imaging range.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart for explaining the operation according to this modification.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 initially operates in common with the steps described in FIG. 11.
  • the preview photographing instruction step T6 is executed.
  • This step is the same as the preview shooting instruction step S3 described in the first embodiment.
  • the latest preview image Pv is displayed on the display unit 25.
  • the surgeon confirms that the photographing range indicated by the preview image Pv is desired.
  • the operation proceeds to the main photographing instruction step T7.
  • This step is the same as the main photographing instruction step S6 described in the first embodiment.
  • steps S4 to S5 described in FIG. 11 can be performed again.
  • the shooting range is moved prior to shooting.
  • the surgeon can confirm whether the photographing range is as intended by the surgeon's selection on the preview image Pv.
  • the surgeon can confirm that the photographing range has been correctly moved and execute the main photographing.
  • the present invention is suitable for the medical field.

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un dispositif de capture d'image de radiation qui réduit l'exposition à la radiation inutile de sujet en cours d'examen et qui permet au sujet en cours d'examen d'être positionné de manière fiable par rapport à la plage de capture d'image. Selon la configuration de la présente invention, le positionnement d'une plage de capture d'image est réalisé par un technicien qui sélectionne un point sur une image de prévisualisation (Pv). Plus spécifiquement, la plage de capture d'image est déplacée de telle sorte qu'une partie du sujet en cours d'examen, partie correspondant au point sélectionné par le technicien à partir de l'image de prévisualisation (Pv), devienne le centre de la plage de capture d'image. Cette configuration permet le réglage de la position de la plage de capture d'image de façon fiable sans capturer d'images en direct. Cette configuration, par rapport aux procédés de capture d'image classiques, permet de réduire la radiation à laquelle le sujet en cours d'examen est exposé. À la différence de la capture d'image pour une image en direct, le temps de capture d'image pour une image de prévisualisation (Pv) est court, et, de ce fait, la radiation envoyée sur le sujet en cours d'examen peut être réduite d'autant.
PCT/JP2013/003867 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 Dispositif de capture d'image de radiation WO2014203292A1 (fr)

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JP2015522266A JP6164293B2 (ja) 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 放射線撮影装置
PCT/JP2013/003867 WO2014203292A1 (fr) 2013-06-20 2013-06-20 Dispositif de capture d'image de radiation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05260381A (ja) * 1992-03-10 1993-10-08 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置
JP2003164441A (ja) * 2001-11-01 2003-06-10 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc ディジタルｘ線撮影用の低線量照射援用位置決め（ｌｅａｐ）法
JP2004180847A (ja) * 2002-12-02 2004-07-02 Shimadzu Corp 断層撮影装置
JP2006204744A (ja) * 2005-01-31 2006-08-10 Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic Inc 放射線画像撮影装置及び放射線画像撮影システム
JP2011019633A (ja) * 2009-07-14 2011-02-03 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置及び被曝線量低減用制御プログラム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4836323B2 (ja) * 2000-12-22 2011-12-14 株式会社東芝 Ｘ線画像撮影装置
JP2011062433A (ja) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-31 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05260381A (ja) * 1992-03-10 1993-10-08 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置
JP2003164441A (ja) * 2001-11-01 2003-06-10 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc ディジタルｘ線撮影用の低線量照射援用位置決め（ｌｅａｐ）法
JP2004180847A (ja) * 2002-12-02 2004-07-02 Shimadzu Corp 断層撮影装置
JP2006204744A (ja) * 2005-01-31 2006-08-10 Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic Inc 放射線画像撮影装置及び放射線画像撮影システム
JP2011019633A (ja) * 2009-07-14 2011-02-03 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線診断装置及び被曝線量低減用制御プログラム

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