WO2014200082A1 - ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびそれからなる成形品 - Google Patents
ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびそれからなる成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014200082A1 WO2014200082A1 PCT/JP2014/065698 JP2014065698W WO2014200082A1 WO 2014200082 A1 WO2014200082 A1 WO 2014200082A1 JP 2014065698 W JP2014065698 W JP 2014065698W WO 2014200082 A1 WO2014200082 A1 WO 2014200082A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/524—Esters of phosphorous acids, e.g. of H3PO3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/524—Esters of phosphorous acids, e.g. of H3PO3
- C08K5/526—Esters of phosphorous acids, e.g. of H3PO3 with hydroxyaryl compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/527—Cyclic esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K5/134—Phenols containing ester groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyamide resin composition and a molded product comprising the same.
- Polyamide is widely used in the field of automobile parts and electric / electronic parts because of its excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance.
- surface mounting processes with high component mounting efficiency are prevalent, and heat resistant polyamides having high heat resistance and excellent strength are prevalent as suitable materials for forming these components.
- lead-free solder has been adopted as the solder used in the surface mounting process from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load.
- lead-free solder has a relatively high melting temperature, the temperature in the reflow process of the surface mounting process is reduced. It is necessary to set as high as about 260 ° C. Therefore, as the heat-resistant polyamide for forming the component for the surface mounting process, a heat-resistant polyamide having a relatively high melting point is used.
- Some flame retardants that do not contain halogen and are blended with polyamide are known.
- the flame retardant blended with the heat-resistant polyamide having a high melting point has a high flame retardancy and is high during melt-kneading when producing a polyamide resin composition and during molding processing when producing a molded product.
- High heat resistance that can withstand temperature is required, and this tendency is particularly remarkable in electrical and electronic parts that undergo a reflow process of a surface mounting process.
- Phosphinate is known as a flame retardant having high flame retardancy and heat resistance and containing no halogen.
- a flame retardant polyamide molding material containing a specific polyamide having a diamine unit mainly composed of an alicyclic diamine unit and a phosphinate is known (see Patent Document 1).
- a molding material containing an aliphatic polyamide and a specific phosphinate is known (see Patent Document 2).
- a resin composition containing a specific semi-aromatic polyamide, polyphenylene ether and phosphinate is known (see Patent Documents 3 and 4).
- a molded article made of the polyamide resin composition as described above certainly has high flame retardancy and heat resistance, but when it undergoes a reflow process, the brightness may be significantly lowered or yellowed. This tendency is particularly remarkable in a molded product that has undergone a reflow process in the presence of oxygen. Low brightness before and after the reflow process, and yellowing after the reflow process are used for molded products that have undergone the reflow process of the surface mounting process (for example, blue connectors corresponding to the USB3.0 standard and LED peripheral members) This is a problem to be solved in obtaining a desired color tone as various connectors such as a white connector).
- the present invention provides a polyamide resin composition having excellent flame retardancy and heat resistance, further excellent strength, high brightness before and after the reflow process, and small yellowing even after the reflow process, and a molded product comprising the same. provide.
- the present inventor has found a polyamide resin composition containing a polyamide (A) having a melting point of 280 to 330 ° C., a specific phosphinate (B) and a specific phosphite (C).
- A polyamide
- B specific phosphinate
- C specific phosphite
- the present invention [1] 0.5 to 80 masses of at least one phosphinic acid salt (B) represented by the following formula (1) or (2) with respect to 100 mass parts of polyamide (A) having a melting point of 280 to 330 ° C. And a polyamide resin composition containing 0.001 to 7 parts by mass of at least one phosphite ester (C) represented by the following formula (3) or (4); [Wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group which may have an alkyl group, or an aralkyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with the adjacent phosphorus atom.
- R 5 represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an arylene group which may have an alkyl group, or an aralkylene group.
- M m + is a cation of at least one atom selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, and K And / or represents a protonated nitrogen base compound.
- m is an integer of 1 to 4
- n is an integer of 1 to 4
- x is an integer of 1 to 4.
- R 6 represents an alkyl group.
- R 7 and R 8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- R 9 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- R 10 to R 13 each independently represents an alkyl group.
- R 14 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or the following formula (5).
- R 15 to R 17 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkyl group.
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- the polyamide resin composition having excellent strength, high brightness before and after the reflow process, and small yellowing even after the reflow process, and molding formed thereof Can provide goods.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention is represented by a polyamide (A) having a melting point of 280 to 330 ° C. (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “polyamide (A)”) and the following formula (1) or (2).
- Phosphinic acid salt (B) hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “phosphinic acid salt (B)”
- phosphite ester (C) represented by the following formula (3) or (4) ( Hereinafter, it may be abbreviated as “phosphorous ester (C)”) as an essential component.
- phosphorous ester (C) phosphorous ester
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group which may have an alkyl group, or an aralkyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with the adjacent phosphorus atom.
- R 5 represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an arylene group which may have an alkyl group, or an aralkylene group.
- M m + is a cation of at least one atom selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, and K And / or represents a protonated nitrogen base compound.
- m is an integer of 1 to 4
- n is an integer of 1 to 4
- x is an integer of 1 to 4.
- R 6 represents an alkyl group.
- R 7 and R 8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- R 9 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- R 10 to R 13 each independently represents an alkyl group.
- R 14 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or the following formula (5).
- R 15 to R 17 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkyl group.
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- the polyamide (A) used in the present invention has a melting point of 280 to 330 ° C, preferably 290 to 330 ° C.
- a resin having a melting point in the above range a polyamide resin composition and a molded product having sufficient heat resistance can be obtained.
- polyamide (A) used in the present invention examples include polyamides having a dicarboxylic acid unit, a diamine unit, and other structural units.
- Examples of the dicarboxylic acid unit constituting the polyamide (A) include malonic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, 2-methyladipic acid, trimethyladipic acid, pimelic acid, and 2,2-dimethylglutaric acid.
- 1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Alicyclic dicarboxylic acid units comprising 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, etc .
- the polyamide (A) may contain a polyvalent carboxylic acid unit composed of trimellitic acid, trimesic acid, pyromellitic acid and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid unit or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid unit is preferable, and a terephthalic acid unit or an adipic acid unit is more preferable.
- the diamine unit constituting the polyamide (A) is preferably an aliphatic diamine unit and more preferably an aliphatic diamine unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of heat resistance and low water absorption.
- Examples of the aliphatic diamine unit having 4 to 18 carbon atoms include 1,4-butanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, 1,7-heptanediamine, 1,8-octanediamine, , 9-nonanediamine, 1,10-decanediamine, 1,11-undecanediamine, 1,12-dodecanediamine, 1,13-tridecanediamine, 1,14-tetradecanediamine, 1,15-pentadecanediamine, 1, Linear aliphatic diamine units composed of 16-hexadecanediamine, 1,17-heptadecanediamine, 1,18-octadecanediamine, etc .; 1-butyl-1,2-ethanediamine, 1,1-dimethyl-1, 4-butanediamine, 1-ethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 1,2-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine 1,3-dimethyl-1,4-butanediamine, 1,4-dimethyl-1
- the aliphatic diamines having 4 to 18 carbon atoms include 1,4-butanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, 2-methyl-1,5-pentanediamine. 1,7-heptanediamine, 1,8-octanediamine, 1,9-nonanediamine, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine, 1,10-decanediamine, 1,11-undecanediamine and 1,12- More preferably, it is at least one selected from the group consisting of dodecanediamine, and more preferably at least one of 1,9-nonanediamine units and 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine units.
- 1,9-nonanediamine and 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine are used in combination, from the viewpoint of heat resistance, moldability and low water absorption, 1,9-nonanediamine: 2-methyl-
- Examples of other structural units constituting the polyamide (A) include lactam units composed of ⁇ -caprolactam, ⁇ -lauryl lactam, etc .; aminocarboxylic acid units composed of 11-aminoundecanoic acid, 12-aminododecanoic acid, and the like. . These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the other structural unit constituting the polyamide (A) is preferably 30 mol% or less of the total monomer units constituting the polyamide (A).
- the end group of the molecular chain of the polyamide (A) may be sealed with a terminal blocking agent.
- the ratio of the end groups of the molecular chain being sealed with the end-capping agent (end-capping rate) is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 40% or more, and 60% or more. Is more preferable.
- the end capping rate can be determined according to the following formula by measuring the number of structural units derived from the carboxyl group, amino group and end capping agent constituting the structural unit at the end of the polyamide molecular chain. .
- the number of each structural unit constituting the terminal of the polyamide molecule can be determined based on, for example, the integral value of the characteristic signal corresponding to each structural unit calculated by 1 H-NMR.
- Terminal sealing rate (%) [(YZ) / Y] ⁇ 100
- Y represents the total number of molecular chain ends of the polyamide
- Z represents the total number of carboxyl groups and amino groups.
- the total number Y of the molecular chain ends of the polyamide is calculated as, for example, twice the number of molecular chains derived from the measured polyamide molecular weight. Alternatively, it can also be calculated as the total number of structural units derived from a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a terminal blocking agent.
- a monofunctional compound having reactivity with a terminal amino group or terminal carboxyl group can be used, and examples thereof include acid anhydrides, monoisocyanates, monoacid halides, monoesters, monoalcohols, and the like.
- examples thereof include monocarboxylic acids as terminal capping agents for terminal amino groups and monoamines as end capping agents for terminal carboxyl groups from the viewpoints of reactivity and stability of the capping ends.
- monocarboxylic acid is more preferable as a terminal blocker from the viewpoint of easy handling.
- the monocarboxylic acid used as the end-capping agent may be any one having reactivity with an amino group.
- Examples of the end capping agent include aliphatic monocarboxylic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, pivalic acid, and isobutyric acid.
- cycloaliphatic monocarboxylic acid such as cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; benzoic acid, toluic acid, ⁇ -naphthalenecarboxylic acid, ⁇ -naphthalenecarboxylic acid, methylnaphthalenecarboxylic acid, phenylacetic acid and other aromatic monocarboxylic acids; any of these And the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, benzoic acid Acid is preferred.
- the monoamine used as the end-capping agent is not particularly limited as long as it has reactivity with a carboxyl group.
- methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, stearylamine Aliphatic monoamines such as dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine and dibutylamine; alicyclic monoamines such as cyclohexylamine and dicyclohexylamine; aromatic monoamines such as aniline, toluidine, diphenylamine and naphthylamine. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, decylamine, stearylamine, cyclohexylamine, and aniline are preferable from the viewpoints of reactivity, high boiling point, stability of the sealing end and price.
- Polyamide (A) can be produced by any method known as a method for producing crystalline polyamide.
- a method for producing crystalline polyamide For example, it can be produced by a solution polymerization method using acid chloride and diamine as raw materials, or an interfacial polymerization method, a melt polymerization method using dicarboxylic acid and diamine as raw materials, a solid phase polymerization method, a melt extrusion polymerization method, or the like.
- the polyamide (A) for example, after first producing a nylon salt by collectively adding a diamine, dicarboxylic acid, lactam or aminocarboxylic acid and optionally a catalyst or a terminal blocking agent, A prepolymer having a 0.2 g / dl concentrated sulfuric acid solution at a temperature of 200 to 270 ° C. and having a ⁇ inh (hereinafter simply referred to as “ ⁇ inh”) at 30 ° C. of 0.1 to 0.6 dl / g. Further, solid-phase polymerization or melt polymerization may be mentioned.
- a polyamide (A) that gives a polyamide resin composition excellent in various physical properties and moldability is obtained.
- the final stage of polymerization is carried out by solid phase polymerization, it is preferably carried out under reduced pressure or under an inert gas flow. If the polymerization temperature is in the range of 200 to 280 ° C., the polymerization rate is high and the productivity is excellent. Coloring and gelation can be effectively suppressed.
- the polymerization temperature when the final stage of the polymerization is carried out by melt polymerization is preferably 370 ° C. or lower. When polymerized under such conditions, the polyamide (A) with little degradation is obtained with little degradation.
- Examples of the catalyst that can be used in producing the polyamide (A) include phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, or hypophosphorous acid and potassium, sodium, magnesium, vanadium, calcium, zinc, cobalt, manganese, tin, and tungsten. , Salts with metals such as germanium, titanium, antimony; ammonium salts of phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, or hypophosphorous acid; ethyl ester, isopropyl ester, butyl ester, hexyl ester of phosphoric acid or hypophosphorous acid, Examples include isodecyl ester, octadecyl ester, decyl ester, stearyl ester and the like. Among these, sodium hypophosphite monohydrate or phosphorous acid is preferable. *
- Polyamide (A) preferably has a ⁇ inh at 30 ° C. in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution of 0.2 g / dl of 0.6 to 1.2 dl / g, preferably 0.65 to 1.1 dl / g. More preferred. When one having ⁇ inh within the above range is used, a polyamide resin composition having excellent moldability can be obtained, and a molded product having excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance can be obtained.
- phosphinate (B) used in the present invention at least one phosphinate (B) represented by the following formula (1) or (2) can be used.
- phosphinate (B) a polyamide resin composition and a molded product having sufficient flame retardancy can be obtained.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group which may have an alkyl group, or an aralkyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 , and R 3 and R 4 may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with the adjacent phosphorus atom.
- R 5 represents an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an arylene group which may have an alkyl group, or an aralkylene group.
- M m + is a cation of at least one atom selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Al, Sb, Sn, Ge, Ti, Zn, Fe, Zr, Ce, Bi, Sr, Mn, Li, Na, and K And / or represents a protonated nitrogen base compound.
- m is an integer of 1 to 4
- n is an integer of 1 to 4
- x is an integer of 1 to 4.
- the alkyl group represented by R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group. , Sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group and the like.
- the cycloalkyl group those having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are preferable, and examples thereof include a cyclohexyl group and a cyclohexadimethyl group.
- the aryl group which may have an alkyl group is preferably one having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, phenyl group, tolyl group, dimethylphenyl group, tert-butylphenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group.
- Etc. The aralkyl group is preferably one having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenylmethyl group and a phenylethyl group.
- the ring formed by combining R 1 and R 2 and R 3 and R 4 together with the adjacent phosphorus atom is a heterocycle having the phosphorus atom as a hetero atom constituting the ring, and constitutes such a ring
- the number of atoms is usually 4 to 20, preferably 5 to 16.
- the heterocyclic ring having a phosphorus atom may be a bicyclo ring and may have a substituent.
- the alkylene group represented by R 5 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as a methylene group, 1,2-ethylene group, 1,3-propylene group, 2-methyl-1,3-propylene group, 2, 2-dimethyl-1,3-propylene group, 1,4-butylene group, 1,5-pentylene group, 1,6-hexylene group, 1,7-heptylene group, 1,8-octylene group, 1,9 -Nonylene group, 1,10-decylene group and the like.
- the cycloalkylene group is preferably one having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a cyclohexylene group and a cyclohexadimethylene group.
- the arylene group which may have an alkyl group is preferably one having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as 1,2-phenylene group, 1,3-phenylene group, 1,4-phenylene group, tolylene group, Xylylene group, tert-butylphenylene group, 1,4-naphthylene group, 1,5-naphthylene group, 1,8-naphthylene group, 2,6-naphthylene group, 2,7-naphthylene group, methylphenylene group, ethylphenylene Group, tert-butylphenylene group, methylnaphthylene group, ethylnaphthylene group, tert-butylnaphthylene group and the like.
- the aralkylene group those having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are preferable, and examples thereof include a phenylenemethylene group.
- M m + is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Al, Ti and Zn.
- Examples of the phosphinic acid salt (B) represented by the formula (1) include calcium dimethylphosphinate, magnesium dimethylphosphinate, aluminum dimethylphosphinate, zinc dimethylphosphinate, calcium ethylmethylphosphinate, magnesium ethylmethylphosphinate, Aluminum ethylmethylphosphinate, zinc ethylmethylphosphinate, calcium diethylphosphinate, magnesium diethylphosphinate, aluminum diethylphosphinate, zinc diethylphosphinate, calcium methyl-n-propylphosphinate, magnesium methyln-propylphosphinate, Aluminum methyl-n-propylphosphinate, zinc methyl-n-propylphosphinate, calcium methylphenylphosphinate, methyl Magnesium phenyl phosphinate, aluminum methylphenyl phosphinate, methyl phenyl phosphinate, zinc, calcium diphenyl pho
- Examples of the phosphinic acid salt (B) represented by the formula (2) include methylene bis (methylphosphinic acid) calcium, methylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) magnesium, methylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) aluminum, methylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) zinc, 1,4-phenylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) calcium, 1,4-phenylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) magnesium, 1,4-phenylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) aluminum, 1,4-phenylenebis (methylphosphinic acid) Zinc etc. are mentioned.
- phosphinate (B) from the viewpoint of flame retardancy, electrical characteristics, and availability, calcium dimethylphosphinate, aluminum dimethylphosphinate, zinc dimethylphosphinate, calcium ethylmethylphosphinate, aluminum ethylmethylphosphinate Zinc ethyl methyl phosphinate, calcium diethyl phosphinate, aluminum diethyl phosphinate and zinc diethyl phosphinate are preferred, and aluminum diethyl phosphinate commercially available in particular is more preferred from the viewpoints of heat resistance and flame retardancy.
- the phosphinate (B) includes a polymer or a condensate of a polyvalent salt of these phosphinate (B).
- the lower limit of the content of the phosphinate (B) is 0.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A), preferably 1 part by mass, and more preferably 7 parts by mass. Moreover, as an upper limit, it is 80 mass parts, 60 mass parts is preferable and 30 mass parts is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the phosphinate (B) is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m. Further, the upper limit is preferably 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 40 ⁇ m.
- the polyamide resin composition or molded article using the phosphinic acid salt (B) having an average particle diameter in the above range not only exhibits high flame retardancy, but also has extremely high strength.
- the average particle diameter of the phosphinate (B) in this specification is a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer using a dispersion of the phosphinate (B) dispersed in a medium such as water as a measurement sample.
- the phosphinic acid salt (B) is not necessarily completely pure, and a small amount of unreacted products or by-products may remain.
- the phosphinic acid salt (B) is preferably used in a powder form.
- phosphite (C) used in the present invention at least one phosphite (C) represented by the formula (3) or (4) can be used.
- a polyamide resin composition and a molded product excellent in strength can be obtained.
- the yellowing which arises through the fall of the brightness before and behind the reflow process of a polyamide resin composition and a molded article, and a reflow process can be suppressed.
- R 6 represents an alkyl group.
- R 7 and R 8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- R 9 represents a single bond or an alkylene group.
- R 10 to R 13 each independently represents an alkyl group.
- R 14 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, or the following formula (5).
- R 15 to R 17 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, or an alkyl group.
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- the alkyl group represented by R 6 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group represented by R 7 and R 8 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkylene group represented by R 9 include a methylene group, a 1,2-ethylene group, a 1,3-propylene group, a 2-methyl-1,3-propylene group, and a 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propylene group. 1,4-butylene group, 1,5-pentylene group, 1,6-hexylene group, 1,7-heptylene group, 1,8-octylene group, 1,9-nonylene group, 1,10-decylene group Etc.
- the alkyl group represented by R 10 to R 13 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group. Tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group and the like.
- aryl group examples include aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a dimethylphenyl group, a tert-butylphenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, and a 2-naphthyl group.
- aralkyl group examples include a phenylmethyl group, a phenylethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a phenylbutyl group, and a 2,4-ditert-butylphenyl group.
- the alkyl group represented by R 14 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- aryl group examples include aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a dimethylphenyl group, a tert-butylphenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, and a 2-naphthyl group.
- aralkyl group examples include a phenylmethyl group, a phenylethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a phenylbutyl group, and a 2,4-ditert-butylphenyl group.
- the alkyl group represented by R 15 to R 17 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the functional group represented by the above formula (5) include 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl group.
- the compound represented by the formula (3) or (4) for example, the compound represented by the formula (6) (for example, IRGAFOS 168, manufactured by BASF) or the formula (7)
- a compound for example, SUMILIZER GP, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. is preferable.
- the lower limit of the content of the phosphite ester (C) is 0.001 part by mass, preferably 0.07 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A). Moreover, as an upper limit, it is 7 mass parts, 5 mass parts is preferable and 2 mass parts is more preferable.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain a phenol-based stabilizer (D).
- a phenol-based stabilizer (D) By using the phenol-based stabilizer (D) and the phosphite ester (C) in combination, a decrease in lightness before and after the reflow step, which occurs when the phosphinic acid salt (B) is contained in the polyamide (A), and Yellowing due to the reflow process can be more effectively suppressed.
- the phenol-based stabilizer (D) is not particularly limited as long as it is a known one, but among them, a hindered phenol-based stabilizer is preferable.
- a compound represented by the following formula (8) for example, IRGANOX
- a compound represented by the following formula (9) for example, SUMILIZER GA-80, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the lower limit of the content is preferably 0.001 part by mass, more preferably 0.07 part by mass, and 0.2 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A). Is more preferable.
- the upper limit is preferably 7 parts by mass, more preferably 1 part by mass, and still more preferably 0.5 parts by mass.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain a reinforcing material (E).
- a reinforcing material examples include glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) fiber, metal fiber, boron fiber, potassium titanate whisker, aluminum borate whisker, calcium carbonate whisker, magnesium sulfate whisker, and oxidation.
- Fibrous reinforcing materials such as zinc whisker, calcium silicate whisker, graphite whisker, wollastonite, sepiolite, zonotlite; flat reinforcing materials such as mica, hydrotalcite, glass flakes, clay, montmorillonite, kaolin; silica alumina, silica, Alumina, titanium oxide, boron nitride, potassium titanate, calcium silicate, magnesium sulfate, asbestos, glass beads, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, phenol resin particles, crosslinked styrene resin particles, crosslinked active particles Le resin particles, powdered reinforcing materials such as aramid particles.
- flat reinforcing materials such as mica, hydrotalcite, glass flakes, clay, montmorillonite, kaolin; silica alumina, silica, Alumina, titanium oxide, boron nitride, potassium titanate, calcium silicate, magnesium sulfate, asbestos, glass beads, graphite
- a fibrous reinforcing material is preferable from the viewpoint of reinforcing effect, and glass fiber is more preferable from the viewpoint of low cost.
- a fibrous reinforcing material is blended, not only the strength of the resulting polyamide resin composition and molded product is improved, but also dimensional stability and low water absorption are further improved.
- the glass fiber can be used as a raw material for the polyamide resin composition of the present invention as pellets that are impregnated with polyamide (A) as a roving and cut into an appropriate length, or as chopped strands, milled fibers, or cut fibers. Examples of the cross-sectional shape of the glass fiber include a circular shape, a saddle shape, and a flat shape.
- the lower limit of the content thereof is preferably 10 parts by mass, more preferably 30 parts by mass, and further preferably 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A).
- the upper limit is preferably 300 parts by mass, more preferably 200 parts by mass, and even more preferably 150 parts by mass.
- the surface of the reinforcing material (E) may be surface-treated with a silane coupling agent, a titanium coupling agent, another polymer, or a low molecular compound for the purpose of enhancing dispersibility in the polyamide resin composition. .
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain a crystal nucleating agent.
- the crystal nucleating agent include talc and carbon black. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the lower limit of the content is preferably 0.001 part by mass, more preferably 0.01 part by mass, and further preferably 0.1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A).
- the upper limit is preferably 10 parts by mass, more preferably 5 parts by mass, and even more preferably 2 parts by mass.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain a lubricant.
- the lubricant include hydrocarbon lubricants such as polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax; fatty acid lubricants such as stearic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid; higher alcohol lubricants such as stearyl alcohol; stearamide, oleamide, erucic acid Aliphatic amide lubricants such as amide, methylene bis stearamide, ethylene bis stearamide; metal soap lubricants such as calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, lead stearate; monoglyceride stearate, butyl stearate, Examples thereof include ester lubricants such as pentaerythritol tetrastearate and stearyl stearate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the lower limit of the content is preferably 0.01 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyamide (A).
- the upper limit is preferably 5 parts by mass, more preferably 3 parts by mass, and even more preferably 1 part by mass.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention is a metal oxide, from the viewpoint of reducing corrosion and wear of metal parts used when producing pellets of a polyamide resin composition or molding a polyamide resin composition. It can contain at least one metal compound selected from the group consisting of metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, borate metal salts, and hydrotalcite derivatives.
- Examples of the metal oxide include iron oxide and calcium oxide.
- Examples of the metal hydroxide include magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, barium hydroxide, and alumina hydrate.
- Examples of the metal carbonate include magnesium carbonate.
- Examples of the boric acid metal salt include zinc borate, magnesium borate, calcium borate, and aluminum borate.
- Examples of hydrotalcite derivatives include those obtained by firing hydrotalcite and dehydrating crystal water. Among these, at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, zinc borate and alumina hydrate is preferable because it has a great effect of capturing acidic substances.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain an anti-dripping agent in order to increase the anti-dripping property of the polyamide resin composition during combustion of the molded product.
- an anti-dripping agent include fluorine-based resins such as fiberized polytetrafluoroethylene; modified aromatic vinyl compound-based polymers; modified polyolefins such as maleic anhydride-modified ethylene-propylene copolymers; and ionomers.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain a flame retardant aid.
- the flame retardant aid include flame retardant aids formed from melamine compounds such as melamine, melam, melem, and melon and phosphoric acid compounds such as phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid.
- a flame retardant aid commercially available products can be used, for example, melamine polyphosphate “Melapur 200” or “Melapur 200/70” manufactured by BASF, and melamine polyphosphate “PHOSMEL-200” manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. Or the like.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain an amide compound other than the polyamide (A) as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the amide compounds include amide oligomers, aliphatic amides, aromatic carboxylic acid amides, aliphatic dicarboxylic acid bisamides, aliphatic diamine bisamides, aromatic dicarboxylic acid bisamides, polyamides having a melting point of less than 280 ° C. (PA66, PA610, PA612, PA6, PA11, PA12, PA6 / 12 copolymer, polyamide obtained from metaxylylenediamine and adipic acid, and the like.
- amide compounds such as ethylene bisstearyl amide obtained by reaction of a mixture of monocarboxylic acid and dicarboxylic acid and diamine are preferable.
- the amide compound preferably has a melting point of 80 to 260 ° C. from the viewpoint of fluidity and moldability of the polyamide resin composition.
- the molecular weight of the amide compound is preferably 300 to 3000.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may be modified with, for example, a modified elastomer (maleic anhydride modified ethylene propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride modified ethylene butene copolymer, maleic anhydride modified styrene- (Ethylene / butene) -styrene block copolymer, etc.), polyphenylene sulfide, liquid crystal polymer, syndiotactic polystyrene, polyphenylene oxide and the like.
- a modified elastomer maleic anhydride modified ethylene propylene copolymer, maleic anhydride modified ethylene butene copolymer, maleic anhydride modified styrene- (Ethylene / butene) -styrene block copolymer, etc.
- polyphenylene sulfide polyphenylene sulfide
- liquid crystal polymer syndiotactic polysty
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention may contain a thio-based or hindered amine-based antioxidant other than the above; an ultraviolet absorber; a light stabilizer; a pigment; an antistatic agent;
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention is produced by, for example, melt-kneading the polyamide (A), phosphinate (B) and phosphite (C) using a twin-screw extruder and then pelletizing the polyamide (A), phosphinate (B) and phosphite (C). In addition, if necessary, other components may be kneaded.
- Examples of the extruder used in the production of the polyamide resin composition of the present invention include a single screw extruder and a twin screw extruder. Among these, a twin screw extruder is preferable because of its self-cleaning property and excellent productivity, and a vent type twin screw extruder is more preferable.
- the ratio (L / D) between the cylinder length (L) and the cylinder diameter (D) of the extruder is preferably 40 or less, and the cylinder diameter (single diameter) is preferably 20 to 100 mm.
- Examples of the injection molding machine used when performing injection molding include a plunger type injection molding machine, a pre-plastic injection molding machine, and a screw-in-line injection molding machine. Of these, a pre-plastic injection molding machine and a screw-in-line injection molding machine are preferable.
- the cylinder diameter of the injection molding machine is preferably 10 to 40 mm.
- the polyamide resin composition of the present invention can be used for the production of various electronic parts, automobile parts, home appliances, building materials, sanitary goods, sports goods, sundries, etc., for example, connectors, switches, sensors, sockets, capacitors, Hard disk parts, jacks, fuse holders, relays, coil bobbins, resistors, IC housings, LED reflectors and housings, gears, bearing retainers, spring holders, chain tensioners, washers, various housings, weight rollers, breaker parts, clutch parts, etc. Can be mentioned.
- surface mount type connectors card connector, B to B connector, FPC connector, I / O connector, USB connector, earphone jack, A / V, which require flame resistance and heat resistance corresponding to the surface mounting process.
- Connectors, etc. sockets, camera modules, power supply components, switches, sensors, capacitor seats, hard disk components, relays, resistors, fuse holders, coil bobbins, IC housings, LED reflectors, or housings.
- ⁇ Melting point of polyamide (A)> Using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC822) manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO Co., Ltd., 10 mg of polyamide (A) was heated at 350 ° C. for 2 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere and completely melted, and then 10 ° C./min. Cooled to 50 ° C. at a rate. Subsequently, the highest endothermic peak that appears when the temperature was raised to 360 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min was measured, and this was taken as the melting point (° C.) of the polyamide (A).
- DSC822 differential scanning calorimeter
- ⁇ Viscosity of polyamide (A)> A concentrated sulfuric acid solution of polyamide (A) having a concentration of 0.2 g / dl was prepared, and ⁇ inh at 30 ° C. was measured using an Ubbelohde viscometer.
- T is 50 seconds or less
- M is 10 seconds or less and does not burn up to the clamp
- V-0 T is "V-1" if 250 seconds or less
- M is 30 seconds or less
- the other conditions are the same as V-0
- T is 250 seconds or less
- M is 30 seconds or less, and does not burn up to the clamp.
- the brightness (L * ) of a plate-shaped test piece (30 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm) injection-molded using the polyamide resin compositions prepared in the following Examples and Comparative Examples was measured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. Using a color meter SD5000, D65 as a light source was measured at a reflection angle of 2 °, and used as an indicator of the brightness of the molded product before the reflow process of the surface mounting process.
- the test piece was set on an SMT Scope SP-5100 manufactured by Sanyo Seiko Co., Ltd., heated from 25 ° C. to 150 ° C. in 60 seconds in the air, then heated to 180 ° C. in 90 seconds, and then 260 in 60 seconds.
- Heat treatment was performed assuming a reflow process in which the temperature was raised to 0 ° C. and held at 260 ° C. for 20 seconds and then cooled to 100 ° C. over 30 seconds.
- the test piece was taken out and the lightness (L * ) was measured by the above method, and used as an indicator of the lightness of the molded product after the reflow process of the surface mounting process.
- the b value of a plate-shaped test piece (30 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm) injection-molded using the polyamide resin compositions prepared in the following examples and comparative examples is a spectral colorimeter SD5000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. Using D65 as the light source and measuring at a reflection angle of 2 °, the b value of the molded product before the reflow process of the surface mounting process was used.
- the test piece was set on an SMT Scope SP-5100 manufactured by Sanyo Seiko Co., Ltd., heated from 25 ° C. to 150 ° C. in 60 seconds in the air, then heated to 180 ° C. in 90 seconds, and then 260 in 60 seconds.
- Heat treatment was performed assuming a reflow process in which the temperature was raised to 0 ° C. and held at 260 ° C. for 20 seconds and then cooled to 100 ° C. over 30 seconds.
- the test piece was taken out and the b value was measured by the above method to obtain the b value of the molded product after the reflow process of the surface mounting process.
- the b value before the heat treatment was subtracted from the b value after the heat treatment to obtain an index of yellowing due to the reflow process of the surface mounting process.
- the internal temperature was kept at 215 ° C., and the reaction was carried out while gradually removing water vapor and keeping the pressure at 2 MPa.
- the pressure was reduced to 1.2 MPa over 30 minutes to obtain a prepolymer.
- the pressure was reduced to 1.2 MPa over 30 minutes to obtain a prepolymer.
- D IRGANOX 1098 (BASF)
- D-2 SUMILIZER GA-80 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
- E-1 Glass fiber “CS 3G-225” (manufactured by Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd., cross-sectional shape: circular, 3 mm chop strand, fiber diameter 9.5 ⁇ m)
- E-2 Glass fiber “CSH 3PA-870” (manufactured by Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd., cross-sectional shape: saddle type, 3 mm chop strand)
- PEP-36 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, 3,9-bis (2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) -2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro [5.5 ] Undecane
- GSY-P101 Osaki Kogyo Co., Ltd., tetrakis (2,4-ditert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) [1,1-biphenyl] -4,4′-diylbisphosphonite
- Phosphorus stabilizers other than the phosphinate (B) and phosphite esters (C) and (C) were supplied from the side feeder, and the other components were dry blended and supplied all at once from the most upstream hopper. .
- Various test pieces were prepared from the obtained pellet-like polyamide resin composition by injection molding, and various physical properties were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the polyamide resin compositions of Examples 1 to 9 all have high flame retardancy of UL94 V-0 class, both have high brightness before and after the reflow process, and little yellowing even after the reflow process. .
- Examples 1 to 8 are further excellent in strength.
- blended the phenol type stabilizer (D) have smaller yellowing. Since Comparative Examples 1 to 4 do not contain the phosphite ester (C), the brightness before and after the reflow process is low and yellowing is large compared to Examples 1 to 9. Since Comparative Example 5 uses a polyamide having a melting point of less than 280 ° C., it is inferior to Examples 1 to 9 in various physical properties other than flame retardancy and strength.
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Abstract
Description
この傾向は特に酸素の存在下でリフロー工程を経た成形品に顕著である。リフロー工程前後で明度が低いことや、リフロー工程を経て黄変することは、表面実装プロセスのリフロー工程を経た成形品(例えば、USB3.0の規格に対応した青色コネクタや、LED周辺部材に用いられる白色コネクタなどの各種コネクタ等)として所望の色調のものを得る上で解決すべき課題であった。
〔1〕 融点が280~330℃のポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して、下記式(1)または(2)で表される少なくとも1種のホスフィン酸塩(B)0.5~80質量部と、下記式(3)または(4)で表される少なくとも1種の亜リン酸エステル(C)0.001~7質量部とを含有するポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔2〕 前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して前記ホスフィン酸塩(B)を7~30質量部含有する、〔1〕のポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔3〕 前記亜リン酸エステル(C)が下記式(6)で表される化合物である、〔1〕または〔2〕のポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔6〕 さらにフェノール系安定剤(D)を前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して0.001~7質量部含有する、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかのポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔7〕 前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して前記フェノール系安定剤(D)が0.2~0.5質量部である、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかのポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔8〕 前記ポリアミド(A)が、芳香族ジカルボン酸単位と、脂肪族ジアミン単位とを有する、〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかのポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔9〕 前記脂肪族ジアミンが炭素数4~18の脂肪族ジアミンである、〔8〕のポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔10〕 前記ホスフィン酸塩(B)がジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウムである、〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかのポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔11〕 さらに強化材(E)を含有する、〔1〕~〔10〕のいずれかのポリアミド樹脂組成物;
〔12〕 前記強化材(E)が繊維状強化材である、〔11〕のポリアミド樹脂組成物;および、
〔13〕 〔1〕~〔12〕のいずれかのポリアミド樹脂組成物からなる成形品;
に関する。
本発明で用いられるポリアミド(A)は、融点が280~330℃であり、290~330℃であることが好ましい。融点が上記範囲のものを用いることにより、十分な耐熱性を有するポリアミド樹脂組成物および成形品を得ることができる。
本発明で用いられるホスフィン酸塩(B)としては、下記式(1)または(2)で表されるホスフィン酸塩(B)の少なくとも1種を用いることができる。ホスフィン酸塩(B)を用いることにより、十分な難燃性を有するポリアミド樹脂組成物および成形品を得ることができる。
アラルキレン基としては、炭素数6~10のものが好ましく、例えばフェニレンメチレン基等が挙げられる。
本発明で用いられる亜リン酸エステル(C)としては、式(3)または(4)で表される亜リン酸エステル(C)の少なくとも1種を用いることができる。亜リン酸エステル(C)を用いることにより、強度に優れたポリアミド樹脂組成物および成形品を得ることができる。また、ポリアミド樹脂組成物および成形品のリフロー工程前後での明度の低下およびリフロー工程を経て生じる黄変を抑制することができる。
なお、詳細な理由は定かではないが、前記ホスフィン酸塩(B)と亜リン酸エステル(C)を、ホスフィン酸塩(B)と亜リン酸エステル(C)質量比((B)/(C))=3.5~ 150の範囲で併用すると、リフロー工程を経ても黄変が特に小さくなる。
本発明のポリアミド樹脂組成物は、フェノール系安定剤(D)を含有していてもよい。フェノール系安定剤(D)と亜リン酸エステル(C)を併用することで、ポリアミド(A)にホスフィン酸塩(B)を含有させた場合に起こる、リフロー工程前後での明度の低下、およびリフロー工程を経ることによる黄変をより効果的に抑制できる。
本発明のポリアミド樹脂組成物は、強化材(E)を含有していてもよい。強化材(E)としては、例えばガラス繊維、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維、液晶ポリマー(LCP)繊維、金属繊維、ホウ素繊維、チタン酸カリウムウィスカー、ホウ酸アルミニウムウィスカー、炭酸カルシウムウィスカー、硫酸マグネシウムウィスカー、酸化亜鉛ウィスカー、珪酸カルシウムウィスカー、黒鉛ウィスカー、ワラストナイト、セピオライト、ゾノトライト等の繊維状強化材;マイカ、ハイドロタルサイト、ガラスフレーク、クレー、モンモリロナイト、カオリン等の平板状強化材;シリカアルミナ、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化チタン、窒化ホウ素、チタン酸カリウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、アスベスト、ガラスビーズ、グラファイト、二硫化モリブデン、フェノール樹脂粒子、架橋スチレン系樹脂粒子、架橋アクリル系樹脂粒子、アラミド粒子等の粉末状強化材等が挙げられる。
本発明のポリアミド樹脂組成物は、例えば二軸押出機を用いて、上記ポリアミド(A)、ホスフィン酸塩(B)および亜リン酸エステル(C)を溶融混練し、次いでペレット化することで製造でき、また、必要に応じて他の成分を混練してもよい。
本発明のポリアミド樹脂組成物を、射出成形、押出成形、プレス成形、ブロー成形、カレンダー成形、流延成形などの一般に熱可塑性樹脂組成物に対して用いられる成形方法で成形することにより、各種形状を有する成形品を製造できる。
本発明のポリアミド樹脂組成物は様々な電子部品、自動車部品、家電製品、建築材料、サニタリー用品、スポーツ用品、雑貨等の製造に使用することができ、例えばコネクタ、スイッチ、センサー、ソケット、コンデンサー、ハードディスク部品、ジャック、ヒューズホルダー、リレー、コイルボビン、抵抗器、ICハウジング、LEDのリフレクタやハウジング、ギア、ベアリングリテーナー、スプリングホルダー、チェインテンショナー、ワッシャー、各種ハウジング、ウェイトローラー、ブレーカーパーツ、クラッチパーツ等が挙げられる。中でも、難燃性と表面実装工程に対応する耐熱性が要求される、表面実装型のコネクタ(カードコネクタ、B to Bコネクタ、FPCコネクタ、I/Oコネクタ、USBコネクタ、イヤフォンジャク、A/Vコネクタ等)、ソケット、カメラモジュール、電源部品、スイッチ、センサー、コンデンサー座板、ハードディスク部品、リレー、抵抗器、ヒューズホルダー、コイルボビン、ICハウジング、LEDのリフレクタ、またはハウジングに好適に使用することができる。
メトラー・トレド株式会社製の示差走査熱量分析装置(DSC822)を使用して、ポリアミド(A)10mgを窒素雰囲気下、350℃で2分間加熱して完全に融解させた後、10℃/分の速度で50℃まで冷却した。その後引続き10℃/分の速度で360℃まで昇温した時に現れる最も高温の吸熱ピークを測定し、これをポリアミド(A)の融点(℃)とした。
濃度が0.2g/dlのポリアミド(A)の濃硫酸溶液を調製し、ウベローデ粘度計を使用して30℃におけるηinhを測定した。
以下の実施例および比較例で作製したポリアミド樹脂組成物を用いて射出成形した板状の試験片(厚さ0.4mm、幅12.5mm、長さ125mm)を用いて、以下に示すUL-94規格の規定に準じて難燃性を評価した。厚さ0.4mmの試験片の上端をクランプで止めて試験片を垂直に固定し、下端に所定の炎を10秒間当てて離し、試験片の燃焼時間(1回目)を測定する。消火したら直ちに再び下端に炎を10秒間当てて離し、試験片の燃焼時間(2回目)を測定する。5片について同じ測定を繰り返し、1回目の燃焼時間のデータ5個と、2回目の燃焼時間のデータ5個の、計10個のデータを得る。10個のデータの合計をT、10個のデータのうち最大値をMとする。Tが50秒以下、Mが10秒以下でクランプまで燃え上がらず、炎のついた溶融物が落ちて12インチ下にセットした乾燥したコットンに着火することがなければ「V-0」、Tが250秒以下、Mが30秒以下でその他はV-0と同様の条件を満たせば「V-1」、Tが250秒以下、Mが30秒以下でクランプまで燃え上がらず、炎のついた溶融物が落ちて12インチ下のコットンに着火した場合には「V-2」となる。
以下の実施例および比較例で作製したポリアミド樹脂組成物を用いて、ASTM D638 Type1試験片の長手方向の中央部にウェルドが生じるように金型の長手方向の両端にゲートを設け、射出成形した。ASTM D638に準じて、得られた試験片のウェルド強度(MPa)を測定した。
以下の実施例および比較例で作製したポリアミド樹脂組成物を用いて射出成形した板状の試験片(30mm×10mm×0.5mm)の明度(L*)を、日本電色工業株式会社製分光色彩計SD5000を用いて光源としてD65を用い反射角2°で測定し、表面実装プロセスのリフロー工程前の成形品の明度の指標とした。該試験片を山陽精工株式会社製SMT Scope SP-5100にセットし、空気下で25℃から60秒で150℃まで昇温し、次いで90秒で180℃まで昇温し、次いで60秒で260℃まで昇温して260℃で20秒保持した後に、30秒かけて100℃まで冷却する、リフロー工程を想定した熱処理を行った。試験片を取り出して上記方法により明度(L*)を測定し、表面実装プロセスのリフロー工程後の成形品の明度の指標とした。
以下の実施例および比較例で作製したポリアミド樹脂組成物を用いて射出成形した板状の試験片(30mm×10mm×0.5mm)のb値を日本電色工業株式会社製分光色彩計SD5000を用いて光源としてD65を用い反射角2°で測定し、表面実装プロセスのリフロー工程前の成形品のb値とした。該試験片を山陽精工株式会社製SMT Scope SP-5100にセットし、空気下で25℃から60秒で150℃まで昇温し、次いで90秒で180℃まで昇温し、次いで60秒で260℃まで昇温して260℃で20秒保持した後に、30秒かけて100℃まで冷却する、リフロー工程を想定した熱処理を行った。試験片を取り出して上記方法によりb値を測定し、表面実装プロセスのリフロー工程後の成形品のb値とした。熱処理後のb値から熱処理前のb値を差し引き、表面実装プロセスのリフロー工程による黄変の指標とした。
・A-1:(PA9T)
テレフタル酸7882.7g、1,9-ノナンジアミン:2-メチル-1,8-オクタンジアミン=85:15(モル比)の混合物7742.9g、末端封止剤として安息香酸358.4g、次亜リン酸ナトリウム一水和物16.0g、および蒸留水4Lを、内容積40Lのオートクレーブに入れ、窒素置換した。2時間かけて内部温度を200℃に昇温した。この時、オートクレーブは2MPaまで昇圧した。その後2時間、内部温度を215℃に保ち、水蒸気を徐々に抜いて圧力を2MPaに保ちながら反応させた。次いで、30分かけて圧力を1.2MPaまで下げ、プレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーを6mm以下の大きさまで粉砕し、120℃、減圧下で12時間乾燥した。これを230℃、13.3Paの条件で10時間固相重合し、融点306℃、ηinh=0.78dl/gのポリアミド(A-1)を得た。
テレフタル酸7558.1g、1,10-デカンジアミン8082.2g、末端封止剤として安息香酸343.7g、次亜リン酸ナトリウム一水和物16.0g、および蒸留水4Lを、内容積40Lのオートクレーブに入れ、窒素置換した。2時間かけて内部温度を200℃に昇温した。この時、オートクレーブは2MPaまで昇圧した。その後2時間、内部温度を215℃に保ち、水蒸気を徐々に抜いて圧力を2MPaに保ちながら反応させた。次いで、30分かけて圧力を1.2MPaまで下げ、プレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーを6mm以下の大きさまで粉砕し、120℃、減圧下で12時間乾燥した。これを230℃、13.3Paの条件で10時間固相重合し、融点317℃、ηinh=0.80dl/gのポリアミド(A-2)を得た。
テレフタル酸5248.7g、アジピン酸3777.7g、1,6-ヘキサンジアミン6523.7g、末端封止剤として安息香酸433.9g、次亜リン酸ナトリウム一水和物16.0g、および蒸留水4Lを、内容積40Lのオートクレーブに入れ、窒素置換した。2時間かけて内部温度を200℃に昇温した。この時、オートクレーブは2MPaまで昇圧した。その後2時間、内部温度を215℃に保ち、水蒸気を徐々に抜いて圧力を2MPaに保ちながら反応させた。次いで、30分かけて圧力を1.2MPaまで下げ、プレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーを6mm以下の大きさまで粉砕し、120℃、減圧下で12時間乾燥した。これを230℃、13.3Paの条件で10時間固相重合し、融点310℃、ηinh=0.82dl/gのポリアミド(A-3)を得た。
アジピン酸8740.2g、1,6-ヘキサンジアミン6792.1g、末端封止剤として安息香酸451.8g、次亜リン酸ナトリウム一水和物16.0g、および蒸留水4Lを、内容積40Lのオートクレーブに入れ、窒素置換した。2時間かけて内部温度を200℃に昇温した。この時、オートクレーブは2MPaまで昇圧した。その後2時間、内部温度を215℃に保ち、水蒸気を徐々に抜いて圧力を2MPaに保ちながら反応させた。次いで、30分かけて圧力を1.2MPaまで下げ、プレポリマーを得た。このプレポリマーを6mm以下の大きさまで粉砕し、120℃、減圧下で12時間乾燥した。これを230℃、13.3Paの条件で10時間固相重合し、融点262℃、ηinh=0.80dl/gのポリアミド(A-4)を得た。
・B-1:Exolit OP 1230(クラリアント社製、ジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム、数平均粒径25μm)
・C-1:IRGAFOS 168(BASF社製)
・C-2:SUMILIZER GP(住友化学株式会社製)
・D-1:IRGANOX 1098(BASF社製)
・D-2:SUMILIZER GA-80(住友化学株式会社製)
・E-1:ガラス繊維「CS 3G-225」(日東紡績株式会社製、断面形状:円形、3mmチョップストランド、繊維径9.5μm)
・E-2:ガラス繊維「CSH 3PA-870」(日東紡績株式会社製、断面形状:繭型、3mmチョップストランド)
・PEP-36(株式会社ADEKA製、3,9-ビス(2,6-ジtert-ブチル-4-メチルフェノキシ) -2,4,8,10-テトラオキサ-3,9-ジホスファスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン)
・GSY-P101(大崎工業社製、テトラキス(2,4-ジtert-ブチル-5-メチルフェニル)[1,1-ビフェニル]-4,4’-ジイルビスホスホナイト)
・ミクロンホワイト#5000S(林化成株式会社製、タルク)
・ハイワックス 200P(三井化学株式会社製、ポリプロピレンワックス)
表1に示す割合で、プラスチック工学研究所製二軸押出機(スクリュー径30mmφ、L/D=32、回転数150rpm、吐出量10kg/h)を用いてポリアミド(A)の融点より10~30℃高いシリンダー温度で溶融混練し、溶融混練されたポリアミド樹脂組成物をストランド状に押出し、冷却後切断してペレット状のポリアミド樹脂組成物を得た。ホスフィン酸塩(B)、亜リン酸エステル(C)および(C)以外のリン系安定剤はサイドフィーダーより供給し、その他の成分はドライブレンドして一括して最上流部のホッパーより供給した。得られたペレット状ポリアミド樹脂組成物から射出成形により各種試験片を作製し、各種物性を測定した。その結果を表1に示した。
Claims (13)
- 融点が280~330℃のポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して、下記式(1)または(2)で表される少なくとも1種のホスフィン酸塩(B)0.5~80質量部と、下記式(3)または(4)で表される少なくとも1種の亜リン酸エステル(C)0.001~7質量部とを含有するポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して前記ホスフィン酸塩(B)を7~30質量部含有する、請求項1に記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して前記亜リン酸エステル(C)を0.2~2質量部含有する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- さらにフェノール系安定剤(D)を前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して0.001~7質量部含有する、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリアミド(A)100質量部に対して前記フェノール系安定剤(D)が0.2~0.5質量部である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリアミド(A)が、芳香族ジカルボン酸単位と、脂肪族ジアミン単位とを有する、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記脂肪族ジアミンが炭素数4~18の脂肪族ジアミンである、請求項8に記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記ホスフィン酸塩(B)がジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウムである、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- さらに強化材(E)を含有する、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 前記強化材(E)が繊維状強化材である、請求項11に記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のポリアミド樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
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US10879439B2 (en) | 2015-06-29 | 2020-12-29 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Polyamide composition for LED reflection plate, LED reflection plate, and light-emitting device including reflection plate |
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JP7310080B2 (ja) | 2019-04-09 | 2023-07-19 | グローバルポリアセタール株式会社 | 樹脂組成物および成形品 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20160018529A (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
US20160130422A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
CN105283509B (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
EP3009478A4 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
JP6267702B2 (ja) | 2018-01-24 |
CN105283509A (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
EP3009478A1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
TWI639650B (zh) | 2018-11-01 |
EP3009478B1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
US10364339B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
KR102189978B1 (ko) | 2020-12-11 |
JPWO2014200082A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
TW201510075A (zh) | 2015-03-16 |
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