WO2014181732A1 - 溶融ガラス攪拌装置 - Google Patents
溶融ガラス攪拌装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014181732A1 WO2014181732A1 PCT/JP2014/061911 JP2014061911W WO2014181732A1 WO 2014181732 A1 WO2014181732 A1 WO 2014181732A1 JP 2014061911 W JP2014061911 W JP 2014061911W WO 2014181732 A1 WO2014181732 A1 WO 2014181732A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- molten glass
- stirring
- glass
- blade
- central axis
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/187—Stirring devices; Homogenisation with moving elements
- C03B5/1875—Stirring devices; Homogenisation with moving elements of the screw or pump-action type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
- B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
- B01F27/0724—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis directly mounted on the rotating axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
- B01F27/1121—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades pin-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/116—Stirrers shaped as cylinders, balls or rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/13—Openwork frame or cage stirrers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
- B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/50—Pipe mixers, i.e. mixers wherein the materials to be mixed flow continuously through pipes, e.g. column mixers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D27/00—Stirring devices for molten material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0083—Means for stirring the charge
Definitions
- the present invention stirs molten glass in a molten glass conveying tube for conveying molten glass, particularly in a molten glass conveying tube having a high molten glass conveying amount, such as a plate glass manufacturing apparatus for a large flat panel display (FPD).
- the present invention relates to a molten glass stirring device.
- a stirring device is attached to a molten glass conveying tube for conveying the molten glass to stir the molten glass.
- the homogeneity of the molten glass greatly affects the transparency and thickness of the produced glass.
- the stirrer is generally composed of a stirrer having a central axis serving as a center of rotation and a stirring blade attached around the central axis.
- the phenomenon that the molten glass slips through the agitator, so-called “slip-through” is prevented.
- the molten glass before being stirred by the stirrer contains a lot of so-called “heterogeneous glass” in which the glass components are not sufficiently homogenized when melted by the melting device, There are many so-called “heterogeneous components” that are different from the components of the molten glass due to the reaction with the bricks constituting the glass transport pipe and the gas phase.
- heterogeneous glass and “foreign components” are not homogenized sufficiently by passing through the stirrer, resulting in solidified glass that is solidified into a glass product. Become. That is, in order to homogenize the molten glass, it is necessary to diffuse through the molten glass by suppressing slip-through and sufficiently stirring the molten glass.
- Patent Document 1 a plurality of convex portions are arranged on the outermost side of the stirring blade for narrowing the interval between the wall surface and the stirring blade for the purpose of reducing molten glass that passes through the wall surface of the flow path without stirring.
- a stirrer has been proposed. However, this stirrer is still poor in suppressing slip-through near the wall surface of the flow path.
- the stirrer disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a long stirring blade and a short stirring blade with different rotation radii as the stirring blades attached around the central axis for the purpose of improving the homogeneity of the molten glass. And mounting two or more short stirring blades alternately. However, even with this stirring device, it cannot be said that the slip-through suppressing effect near the wall surface of the flow path is sufficient.
- glass substrates for large FPDs in particular have not been mixed with unmelted raw materials, are required to have high transparency and high flatness, and high uniformity glass with few defects has been demanded.
- high homogeneity is also required for glass for applications requiring high transparency such as optical lenses, optical communication fibers, optical filters, solar cell substrates, and fluorescent tubes.
- the present invention can suppress the slipping of the molten glass in the stirring device, more specifically, the slipping of the molten glass in the vicinity of the wall surface of the conveying tube, and the molten glass It aims at providing the glass stirring apparatus excellent in the stirring effect
- the present invention is a molten glass stirring device that stirs molten glass, the molten glass stirring device comprising a rotatable central axis, a stirring portion provided on the central axis, Consists of The stirring unit is a plate-like body whose major axis is orthogonal to the central axis, or a stirring blade made of a rod-like body whose vertical cross-sectional shape is circular, elliptical, or polygonal, and the center Consists of an annular ring wing that is coaxial with the shaft,
- the stirring unit is provided with two or more stirring blades in the axial direction of the central axis, and is provided with two or more stirring blades in the circumferential direction of the central shaft,
- the molten glass stirring device is provided with one or more ring blades in the axial direction of the central axis.
- the present invention is preferably a molten glass for conveying a molten glass having a viscosity of 100 to 7000 dPa ⁇ s at a conveying amount of 1 to 50 m 3 / hour ⁇ S (S is a cross-sectional area of the conveying tube).
- a molten glass agitating device for agitating the molten glass in a transport pipe, the molten glass agitating device comprising a rotatable central axis and an agitating portion provided on the central axis,
- the stirring unit is a plate-like body whose major axis is orthogonal to the central axis, or a stirring blade made of a rod-like body whose vertical cross-sectional shape is circular, elliptical, or polygonal, and the center
- the stirring unit is provided with two or more stirring blades in the axial direction of the central axis, and is provided with two or more stirring blades in the circumferential direction of the central shaft,
- the stirring unit is provided with one or more ring blades in the axial direction of the central axis,
- the present invention is a sheet glass forming apparatus, and a sheet glass manufacturing apparatus having a molten glass transport pipe provided between the glass melting apparatus and the sheet glass forming apparatus, Provided is a plate glass manufacturing apparatus in which at least one molten glass stirring device of the present invention is provided in the molten glass transport tube.
- the present invention also provides a molten glass stirring method using the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- this invention provides the plate glass manufacturing method using the plate glass manufacturing apparatus of this invention.
- the glass stirrer of the present invention can suppress the slipping of the molten glass in the stirrer, more specifically, the slipping of the molten glass in the vicinity of the wall surface of the molten glass transport tube, and the melting in the molten glass transport tube Because of the excellent stirring action of glass and the excellent homogeneity of the molten glass after stirring, it is possible to obtain a highly homogenous glass particularly suitable for a large-sized (for example, 2 m or more) glass substrate for FPD. be able to. As a result, there is no mixture of unmelted raw materials, and a glass having high transparency and high flatness can be obtained.
- the glass stirring device of the present invention is excellent in the homogeneity of the molten glass after stirring, it is highly transparent or high such as an optical lens, an optical communication fiber, an optical filter, a solar cell substrate, and a fluorescent tube. It is also suitable as a molten glass stirrer for a glass production apparatus for applications requiring optical homogeneity. Moreover, it is suitable also as a molten glass stirring apparatus of the glass manufacturing apparatus for color glass for decorations in which high color tone homogeneity is required.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a molten glass stirring device according to the prior art.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the behavior of the molten glass flow in the molten glass conveying tube in which the molten glass stirring device 20 of FIG. 2 is arranged.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the behavior of the molten glass flow in the molten glass conveying tube in which the molten glass stirring device 10 of FIG. 1 is arranged.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing the molten glass stirring device 10 of FIG. 1 in a state where the molten glass stirring device 10 is arranged in the molten glass conveying tube.
- FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. However, the arrangement of the ring blades of the molten glass stirring device is different from that in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. However, the arrangement of the molten glass transport tube is different from that in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing still another structural example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing still another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the stirring blade 23 and the wall surface of the molten glass conveyance tube 100 in the case where there is no ring blade in the embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the stirring blade 13 and the ring blade 14 and the wall surface of the molten glass conveyance tube 100 in the case where the ring blade is present in the embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the stirring blade 23 and the wall surface of the molten glass conveyance tube 100 in the case where there is no ring blade in the embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the stirring
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass flow in the circumferential direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass flow in the circumferential direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow rate distribution of the molten glass flow in the axial direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow rate distribution of the molten glass flow in the axial direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between r / R and the non-stirring region passage ratio in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between r / R and the non-stirring region passage ratio in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a graph comparing the relationship between r / R and the non-stirring region passage ratio for the configurations shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.
- the configuration of FIG. 15 is the device 20, and the configuration of FIG.
- the size of glass substrates for FPD has been increasing year by year, and the demand for such glass substrates has been increasingly demanded due to an increase in demand.
- facilities for manufacturing plate glass for FPD an increase in the transport amount of molten glass is required.
- facilities for producing glass for applications such as optical lenses, optical communication fibers, optical filters, solar cell substrates, and fluorescent tubes, an increase in the transport amount of molten glass is also required.
- the molten glass stirrer of the present invention is preferably used by being installed in a molten glass conveyance tube having a high conveyance amount of the molten glass, specifically, a viscosity of 100 to 7000 dPa ⁇ s, preferably a viscosity of 200 to Installed in a molten glass conveyance tube that conveys 6000 dPa ⁇ s of molten glass at a conveyance amount of 1 to 50 m 3 / hour ⁇ S, preferably 2 to 50 m 3 / hour ⁇ S (S is the cross-sectional area of the conveyance tube). used.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- a molten glass stirring device 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a rotatable central shaft 11, and a stirring portion 12 is provided at the lower end of the central shaft 11.
- the stirring unit 12 includes a stirring blade 13 and a ring blade 14.
- the stirring blade 13 is a rod-like body having a circular vertical cross section, and its major axis is orthogonal to the central axis 11.
- the stirring blade made of a rod-shaped body is not limited to this, and its vertical cross-sectional shape is a rod-shaped body having an elliptical shape or a polygonal shape such as a triangle, a quadrangle, or a hexagon, and its long axis is the central axis 11. And may be orthogonal to each other.
- the term “polygon” as used herein includes those whose corners are rounded (hereinafter, the same applies in this specification).
- the stirring blade 13 may be a plate-like body, and its long axis may be orthogonal to the central axis 11.
- the longer axis is the major axis and the shorter axis is the minor axis.
- a shaft whose length is 0.5 times or less of the length of the long shaft is referred to as a “plate-shaped body”, and a material whose length is greater than 0.5 times is referred to as a “bar-shaped body”.
- the vertical cross-sectional shape thereof may be an ellipse or a polygon such as a triangle, a quadrangle, or a hexagon.
- the axis orthogonal to the central axis 11 is defined as the major axis
- the axis orthogonal to the major axis is defined as the minor axis. Therefore, depending on the shape of the stirring blade, the apparent long axis-short axis relationship and the long axis-short axis relationship in the present invention may be reversed.
- the stirring blade 13 has a function of stirring the molten glass in the stirring unit 12.
- the stirring unit 12 is provided with a plurality of stirring blades 13. Specifically, two or more stirring blades 13 are provided in the axial direction of the central shaft 11, and two or more stirring blades are provided in the circumferential direction of the central shaft 11. In FIG. 1, four stirring blades 13 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction in the axial direction of the central axis 11, and are opposed to each other across the central axis 11 in the circumferential direction of the central axis 11. Thus, two stirring blades 13 are provided.
- the number of stirring blades 13 in the stirring unit 12 is not limited to this, and the number of stirring blades in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 may be 3 or less, or 5 or more. Further, the number of stirring blades in the circumferential direction of the central shaft 11 may be three or more. However, when the number of the stirring blades 13 in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 increases, the torque necessary to rotate the stirring portion 12 increases. Therefore, the number of the stirring blades 13 in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 is 8 or less. It is preferable that For the same reason, the number of stirring blades in the circumferential direction of the central shaft 11 is preferably 8 or less.
- the distance between two or more stirring blades provided in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 is preferably 40 mm or more, more preferably 50 mm or more, and further preferably 60 mm or more.
- the distance between two or more stirring blades provided in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 is preferably 200 mm or less, more preferably 190 mm or less, and even more preferably 180 mm or less.
- the stirring blade 13 When the stirring blade 13 is formed of a plate-like body, the stirring blade 13 can be disposed so that the short axis thereof is parallel to the central axis 11. In this case, the stirring blade 13 made of a plate-like body is in a state where its vertical cross-sectional shape is upright. In such an arrangement, the cross-sectional area with respect to the rotation direction of the stirring blade 13 is maximized, and a larger shearing force can be applied to the molten glass.
- the short axis of the stirring blade 13 made of a plate-like body can be arranged to be inclined with respect to the central axis 11.
- the stirring action can be given also in the axial direction of the central shaft 11, the flow of the molten glass becomes a more complicated flow, and the homogenization action may be improved.
- ⁇ 90 °) is preferably 60 ° or less, more preferably 0 ° to 55 °.
- angle (theta) which the short axis of the stirring blade 13 and the central axis 11 make is 0 degree.
- the stirring blade 13 made of a plate-like body in the molten glass stirring device 10G of FIG. 13 described later and the molten glass stirring device 10H shown in FIG. 14, the stirring blade 13 made of a plate-like body having a rectangular planar shape.
- the planar shape of the stirring blade made of a plate-like body may be another square shape such as a trapezoid.
- the ring blade 14 has an annular shape and is coaxial with the central axis 11.
- the stirrer 10 of the present invention is provided with the ring blades 14 in the stirrer 12 so that the molten glass can be prevented from slipping in the vicinity of the wall surface of the molten glass conveying tube as described below.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of a molten glass stirring device according to the prior art.
- a molten glass stirring device 20 shown in FIG. 2 is different from the molten glass stirring device 10 shown in FIG. 1 in that the stirring blade 12 is not provided with a ring blade.
- the structure other than that is the same as that of the molten glass stirring apparatus 10, and the stirring part 22 is provided in the lower end part of the center axis
- the stirring unit 22 has a stirring blade 23 made of a rod-shaped body having a circular vertical cross-sectional shape.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the behavior of the molten glass flow in the molten glass conveying tube in which the molten glass stirring device 20 of FIG. 2 is arranged.
- the molten glass stirring apparatus 20 is arrange
- Branch pipes 110 and 120 are connected to the upstream side and the downstream side of the main pipe 100, respectively.
- Molten glass G in the molten glass conveyance tube is conveyed in the direction of the arrow in the figure.
- the central axis 21 of the molten glass stirring device 20 is rotated in the direction of the arrow.
- the stirring unit 22 provided at the lower end of the central shaft 21 also rotates in the direction of the arrow.
- the molten glass that passes through the stirring region (the portion indicated by the broken line in the figure) where the stirring unit 22 is disposed is homogenized by the stirring action of the stirring unit 22.
- the molten glass that passes through the non-stirring region (portion outside the broken line in the figure) in the vicinity of the wall surface of the main tube 100 that is a molten glass transport tube slips through and is not homogenized.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the behavior of the molten glass flow in the molten glass conveying tube in which the molten glass stirring device 10 of FIG. 1 is arranged.
- a pressure loss occurs between the ring blade 14 provided in the stirring unit 12 and the wall surface of the main pipe 100, a non-stirring region near the wall surface of the main pipe 100 (portion outside the broken line in the drawing)
- the molten glass that passes through is drawn into the stirring region in which the stirring unit 12 is provided, and slipping of the molten glass is suppressed.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing the molten glass stirring device 10 of FIG.
- the maximum diameter of the stirring unit 12 of the molten glass stirring apparatus 10 is D 1 (mm)
- the diameter of the molten glass transport pipe, that is, the main tube 100 in the part where the stirring unit 12 is installed is D 2 (mm )
- the outer diameter of the ring blade 14 of the molten glass stirring apparatus 10 is D r (mm)
- the following formulas (1) and (2) are required to be satisfied. 0.7 ⁇ D 2 ⁇ D 1 ⁇ 0.98 ⁇ D 2 (1)
- the maximum diameter D 1 of the agitating portion 12 coincides with the outer diameter D r of the ring blade 14.
- an outer diameter D r of the ring blade 14 may be smaller than the maximum diameter D 1 of the agitating portion 12.
- the stirring blade 13 protrudes outside the ring blade 14 as in a molten glass stirring device 10D shown in FIG.
- the diameter D 4 of the part where the stirring blade 13 is provided in the stirring unit 12 shown in FIG. 5 is the maximum diameter D 1 of the stirring unit 12.
- the molten glass is in contact with the molten glass transport pipe in which the molten glass stirring device 10 is arranged, that is, the wall surface of the main pipe 100 when stirring the molten glass. There is a risk of damaging the wall surface of the molten glass carrier tube (main tube 100) made of platinum material.
- the maximum diameter D 1 of the stirring unit 12 is smaller than 0.7 ⁇ D 2 , there is little pressure loss generated between the main pipe 100 and the vicinity of the main pipe 100 (outside the broken line in FIG. 4). The molten glass that passes through the part) cannot be drawn into the stirring region in which the stirring unit 12 is provided.
- D 1 and D 2 preferably satisfy the following formula (1a), and more preferably satisfy the following formula (1b).
- the outer diameter D r of the ring blade 14 may be smaller than the maximum diameter D 1 of the agitating portion 12.
- the outer external diameter D r of the ring blade 14, 0.8 ⁇ when D 1 is smaller than the pressure loss occurring between the wall surface of the main pipe 100 is smaller than the near-wall (in FIG dashed main 100
- the molten glass that passes through the part) cannot be drawn into the stirring region in which the stirring unit 12 is provided. For this reason, slipping of the molten glass cannot be suppressed.
- the D 1 and the D r preferably satisfy the following formula (2a), and more preferably satisfy the following formula (2b). 0.85 ⁇ D 1 ⁇ D r ⁇ D 1 (2a) 0.9 ⁇ D 1 ⁇ D r ⁇ D 1 (2b)
- the ring blade 14 having an annular shape needs to be strong enough not to break when the molten glass is stirred by the stirring unit 12.
- the ring blade 14 has a minimum necessary thickness.
- the thickness of the ring blade 14 is increased, the action of drawing the molten glass passing through the vicinity of the wall surface of the main pipe 100 (portion outside the broken line in FIG. 4) into the stirring region provided with the stirring unit 12 is reduced.
- the flow rate of the molten glass in the stirring region provided with the stirring unit 12 is increased, and the stirring action of the molten glass is reduced. For this reason, the thickness of the ring blade 14 needs to be 50 mm or less.
- the thickness of the ring blade 14 is more preferably 45 mm or less, and further preferably 40 mm or less. From the viewpoint of strength, the thickness of the ring blade 14 is preferably 3 mm or more, more preferably 5 mm or more, and further preferably 8 mm or more. The thickness of the ring blade 14 is the thickness of the annular shape in the radial direction, that is, (outer diameter ⁇ inner diameter) / 2 of the ring blade 14.
- the height of the ring blade 14 is the height in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 that is coaxial with the ring blade 14.
- the h and L satisfy the following formula (5). preferable. 0.05 ⁇ L ⁇ h ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ L (5)
- the pressure loss generated between the ring blade 14 and the wall surface of the main pipe 100 becomes small, and passes through the vicinity of the wall surface of the main pipe 100 (the part outside the broken line in FIG. 4).
- the h and L more preferably satisfy the following formula (5a), and more preferably satisfy the following formula (5b).
- the ring blade 14 is a portion of the molten glass conveyance pipe (main pipe 100) where the molten glass is conveyed only in the major axis direction of the central axis of the stirring unit 12 (upper and lower broken lines in FIG. 5). It is preferable to provide it within the range indicated by.
- D 1 and D 3 preferably satisfy the following formula (3), more preferably satisfy the following formula (3a), more preferably satisfy the following formula (3b), and the following formula ( More preferably, 3c) is satisfied.
- D 3 ⁇ 0.6 ⁇ D 1 ( 3) D 3 ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ D 1 (3a)
- the molten glass stirring device of the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings.
- the illustrated embodiment shows one configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention, and the molten glass stirring device of the present invention is not limited to this.
- Another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- the ring blade 14 is provided at the position of the second stirring blade 13 from the bottom in the axial direction of the central shaft 11, whereas the melting shown in FIG.
- a ring blade 14 is provided at the position of the third stirring blade 13 from the bottom in the axial direction of the central shaft 11.
- main pipe 100 when it can be provided in a portion (within the upper and lower broken lines in FIG.
- the ring blade 14 may be provided at the position of the lowermost stirring blade 13 or the position of the uppermost stirring blade 13 in the axial direction of the central shaft 11.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is different from FIG. 5 in the configuration of the molten glass conveyance tube. That is, in FIG. 5, the upstream side branch pipe 110 is connected above the main pipe 100, and the downstream side branch pipe 120 is connected below the main pipe 100, and the molten glass stirring device 10 is disposed. In the main pipe 100, the molten glass G is conveyed downward in the figure. On the other hand, in FIG. 6, the branch pipe 110 on the upstream side is connected to the lower side of the main pipe 100, and the branch pipe 120 on the downstream side is connected to the upper side of the main pipe 100. In the main pipe 100, the molten glass G is conveyed upward in the figure. In any of these embodiments, the effect of suppressing the slipping through of the molten glass due to the provision of the ring blade 14 in the stirring unit 12 is preferably exhibited.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- the molten glass stirring apparatus 10B shown in FIG. 8 is provided with three stirring blades 13 in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 and spaced apart in the vertical direction.
- a ring blade 14 is provided at the position of the blade 13.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- the positions of the stirring blade 13 and the ring blade 14 coincide with each other in the axial direction of the central shaft 11, and the ring blade 14 is disposed so as to cover the stirring blade 13. ing.
- the positions of the stirring blade 13 and the ring blade 14 do not coincide with each other in the axial direction of the central shaft 11, and they are arranged at positions slightly deviated. . Even with such a configuration, the effect of suppressing the slipping through of the molten glass due to the provision of the ring blade 14 in the stirring unit 12 is preferably exhibited.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- the diameter of the portion where the stirring blade 13 is provided is larger than the outer diameter of the ring blade 14, and the stirring blade 13 protrudes outside the ring blade 14. .
- Such a configuration may be employed as long as the above formula (4) is satisfied.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- a ring is provided so as to cover one stirring blade 13 among four stirring blades 13 provided in the axial direction of the central shaft 11 and spaced vertically.
- the height h of the ring blade 14 is larger, and the four stirring blades 13 provided in the vertical direction are spaced apart.
- the ring blades 14 cover the two stirring blades 13.
- the ring blades 14 may be arranged so as to cover all four stirring blades 13 provided at intervals in the vertical direction, but it should be noted that the torque required for the rotation of the stirring unit 12 increases. There is.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- two stirring blades 13 are provided so as to face each other across the central axis 11 in the circumferential direction of the central axis 11.
- four stirring blades 13 are provided in the circumferential direction of the central shaft 11 so as to form a cross about the central shaft 11.
- the stirring blades 13 in the left-right direction and the stirring blades 13 in the front and back directions in the drawing have the same length, but the lengths of these two sets of stirring blades may be different from each other.
- the length of the stirring blade 13 in the left-right direction may be set to a length that is approximately the same as the inner radius of the ring blade 14, and the length of the stirring blade 13 in the front and rear directions in the drawing may be shorter than those.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- the stirring unit 12 is formed of a plate-like body in addition to the stirring blades 13 and 15 and the ring blade 14, and the long side is parallel to the central axis 11. It further has a vertical stirring blade 16 provided at a position defining the outer edges of 12.
- the stirring blade 13 is positioned between the parallel central shaft 11 and the vertical stirring blade 16.
- the uppermost stirring blade 15 and the lowermost stirring blade 15 also function as support members for the vertical stirring blade 16.
- the stirring blades 13 and 15 consist of plate-shaped bodies.
- the vertical stirring blade 16 In the molten glass stirring apparatus 10 ⁇ / b> G shown in FIG. 13, it is expected that the vertical stirring blade 16 provided in the stirring unit 12 together with the ring blade 14 exhibits an effect of suppressing slipping through of the molten glass.
- the vertical stirring blade 16 In the molten glass stirring apparatus 10G shown in FIG. 13, the vertical stirring blade 16 is shown as a plate-like body, but the shape of the vertical stirring blade is not limited to this, and the vertical cross-sectional shape thereof is circular or elliptical. Alternatively, it may be a rod-like body having a polygon such as a triangle, a quadrangle, or a hexagon. In these cases, the long axis of the rod-shaped body is parallel to the central axis 11.
- two vertical stirring blades 16 are provided so that the stirring blades 13 and 15 are positioned between the central shaft 11 and the vertical stirring blade 16.
- two further vertical stirring blades that is, a total of four vertical stirring blades may be provided so that the front and rear stirring blades 13 in the figure are positioned between the central shaft 11 and the vertical stirring blade. Good.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention.
- the portion of the stirring portion 12 provided with the stirring blade 13 and the ring blade 14 in the central shaft 11 is an enlarged diameter portion 17.
- Three stirring blades 13 are provided around the enlarged diameter portion 17 at intervals in the vertical direction in the axial direction of the central shaft 11, and six stirring blades 13 are provided in the circumferential direction of the central shaft 11. It has been.
- the stirring blade 13 consists of plate-shaped bodies.
- the constituent materials of the molten glass stirring device of the present invention that is, the central shaft, the stirring blade, the ring blade, and the vertical stirring blade 30 in the case of the molten glass stirring device 10G shown in FIG.
- the material has heat resistance and erosion resistance, and it is preferable to use platinum or a platinum rhodium alloy having excellent heat resistance.
- the plate glass manufacturing apparatus has, as a minimum configuration, a glass melting apparatus that melts glass raw materials to form molten glass, and a sheet glass forming apparatus that forms molten glass to form sheet glass (for example, a molding apparatus using a float method or a downdraw method). And in order to convey the molten glass obtained with this glass melting apparatus to a sheet glass shaping
- the sheet glass manufacturing apparatus usually has components other than the glass melting apparatus and the sheet glass forming apparatus. As an example of such another component, there is a defoaming device for refining molten glass.
- the plate glass manufacturing apparatus has a some molten glass conveyance tube normally.
- the above-described glass stirring apparatus of the present invention is installed in any one or a plurality of these molten glass transport pipes.
- the position where the glass stirring apparatus of the present invention is installed is not particularly limited. Therefore, you may install the glass stirring apparatus of this invention in any molten glass conveyance tube which comprises a plate glass manufacturing apparatus.
- the number of the glass stirring apparatus to install is not specifically limited.
- the plate glass manufacturing apparatus includes a defoaming device as a constituent element, it is necessary to install the glass stirring device of the present invention in the molten glass conveyance tube on the downstream side of the defoaming device in order to manufacture a highly uniform plate glass. preferable. This is because the molten glass passing through the defoaming device is likely to be heterogeneous on the surface, so that the effect of homogenization by the molten glass stirring device of the present invention is high.
- the plate glass manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can be applied to the manufacture of plate glass for various uses, but it is particularly applicable to the manufacture of plate glass for uses where the requirements for homogeneity are extremely severe, such as a glass substrate for FPD. preferable. By producing a plate glass using the plate glass production apparatus of the present invention, a plate glass with no unmelted raw materials, high optical homogeneity and high flatness can be obtained.
- the behavior of the molten glass conveyed in the molten glass conveying tube was evaluated by simulation.
- the behavior of the molten glass flow in the molten glass conveying pipe in which the molten glass stirring device 20 shown in FIG. 2 is arranged was evaluated.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the stirring blade 23 without the ring blade and the wall surface of the molten glass transport tube 100
- FIG. 16 shows the stirring blade 13 and the ring blade with the ring blade. It is the figure which showed the positional relationship of 14 and the wall surface of the molten-glass conveyance pipe
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the stirring blade 23 without the ring blade and the wall surface of the molten glass transport tube 100
- FIG. 16 shows the stirring blade 13 and the ring blade with the ring blade. It is the figure which showed the positional relationship of 14 and the wall surface of the molten-glass conveyance pipe
- the viscosity of the molten glass conveyed in the molten glass conveyance pipe was assumed to be 400 dPa ⁇ s, and the conveyance amount was 55 m 3 / hour ⁇ S.
- the length of the stirring blade 23 corresponding to the maximum diameter of the stirring portion in the case of the configuration in FIG. 15 and in the case of the configuration in FIG. 16) to eliminate the influence due to the difference in the dimensions of the molten glass conveying tube, the stirring blade and the ring blade Is a relative index (r / R) of the ring blade 14 (length r) and the inner diameter of the molten glass transport tube 100 (R / R) as a judgment index.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass flow in the circumferential direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow velocity distribution of the molten glass flow in the circumferential direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the tube diameter direction (tube diameter position) and the flow rate distribution of the molten glass flow in the axial direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is a graph showing the relationship between the position (tube diameter position) in the tube diameter direction and the flow rate distribution of the molten glass flow in the axial direction of the molten glass transport tube in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the flow rate distribution of the molten glass flow is almost zero.
- the hatched portions indicate the flow rate distribution of the molten glass that passes through the non-stirring region outside the stirring blade 23 (the portion outside the broken line in FIG. 3), that is, the slip of the molten glass. Equivalent to. The ratio of the molten glass passing through the non-stirred region (non-stirred region passing ratio) was 4.2% in FIG. 19, but was reduced to 0.2% in FIG. Further, for each of the configurations shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, r / R was changed to evaluate the relationship with the non-stirred region passage ratio.
- FIG. 19 the hatched portions indicate the flow rate distribution of the molten glass that passes through the non-stirring region outside the stirring blade 23 (the portion outside the broken line in FIG. 3), that is, the slip of the molten glass. Equivalent to. The ratio of the molten glass passing through the non-stirred region (non-stirred region passing ratio) was 4.2% in FIG. 19, but was reduced to 0.2% in FIG. Further, for each of
- FIG. 22 is a graph showing the relationship between r / R and the non-stirring region passage ratio in the configuration shown in FIG. 15, and FIG. 22 shows r / R in the configuration shown in FIG. It is the graph which showed the relationship with a non-stirring area passage ratio.
- FIG. 23 is a graph comparing the relationship between r / R and the non-stirring region passage ratio for the configurations shown in FIGS. 15 and 16.
- the configuration of FIG. 15 is the device 20, and the configuration of FIG.
- r / R is 0.7 (70%) or more in the configuration of FIG. 16, r / R is 0.9 (90 in the configuration of FIG. %),
- the non-stirring region passage ratio can be lowered.
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Abstract
Description
攪拌装置は、一般的に回転中心となる中心軸とその周囲に取り付けられた攪拌翼を有する攪拌部から構成される。
また、光学用レンズ、光通信用ファイバ、光学フィルタ、太陽電池用基板、蛍光管といった高い透明性が要求される用途のガラスにおいても高い均質性が要求される。
これらのようなきわめて高い均質性が要求される場合、従来の攪拌装置では溶融ガラスの十分な均質性を得ることが難しくなってきた。
前記攪拌部は、長軸が前記中心軸と直交する、板状体、または、鉛直断面形状が円形、楕円形、もしくは、多角形のいずれかである棒状体からなる攪拌翼、及び、前記中心軸と同軸をなす、円環形状のリング翼で構成され、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、かつ、前記中心軸の周方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に1以上のリング翼が設けられている溶融ガラス攪拌装置を提供する。
また本発明は、上記の目的を達成するため、好ましくは、粘度100~7000dPa・sの溶融ガラスを搬送量1~50m3/時間・S(Sは搬送管の断面積)で搬送する溶融ガラス搬送管内で該溶融ガラスを攪拌する溶融ガラス攪拌装置であって、該溶融ガラス攪拌装置は、回転可能な中心軸と、該中心軸に設けられた攪拌部と、で構成され、
前記攪拌部は、長軸が前記中心軸と直交する、板状体、または、鉛直断面形状が円形、楕円形、もしくは、多角形のいずれかである棒状体からなる攪拌翼、及び、前記中心軸と同軸をなす、円環形状をし、前記中心軸の周方向における厚みが50mm以下のリング翼で構成され、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、かつ、前記中心軸の周方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に1以上のリング翼が設けられており、
前記攪拌部の最大径をD1(mm)とし、前記攪拌部が設置されている部位における前記溶融ガラス搬送管の直径をD2(mm)とし、前記リング翼の外直径をDr(mm)とするとき、下記式(1)、(2)を満たすことを特徴とする、溶融ガラス攪拌装置を提供する。
0.7×D2 ≦ D1 ≦ 0.98×D2 (1)
0.8×D1 ≦ Dr ≦ D1 (2)
前記溶融ガラス搬送管に、本発明の溶融ガラス攪拌装置が少なくとも1つ設けられた板ガラス製造装置を提供する。
また、本発明のガラス攪拌装置は、攪拌後の溶融ガラスの均質性に優れていることから、光学用レンズ、光通信用ファイバ、光学フィルタ、太陽電池用基板、蛍光管といった高い透明性もしくは高い光学的均質性が要求される用途のガラス製造装置の溶融ガラス攪拌装置としても好適である。また、高い色調均質性が要求される装飾用色ガラス用のガラス製造装置の溶融ガラス攪拌装置としても好適である。
FPD用のガラス基板は、年々大型化が進み、かつ、その需要の増加により該ガラス基板を大量に生産することがますます求められている。FPD用の板ガラスを製造する設備では溶融ガラスの搬送量の増加が求められている。光学用レンズ、光通信用ファイバ、光学フィルタ、太陽電池用基板、蛍光管といった用途のガラスを製造する設備においても、溶融ガラスの搬送量の増加が求められている。
溶融ガラス搬送管内での溶融ガラスの搬送量を増加させる方法としては、溶融ガラス搬送管の断面積を増加させる方法、溶融ガラス搬送管内における溶融ガラスの流速を増加させる方法がある。
しかしながら、溶融ガラス搬送管の断面積を極端に増加させることは設備費用の増大となることから好ましくない。また、溶融ガラス搬送管内における溶融ガラスの流速を増加させた場合、攪拌装置内での溶融ガラスのすり抜けが発生しやすくなり、溶融ガラスの攪拌作用が低下しやすくなる。
本発明の溶融ガラス攪拌装置は、このような溶融ガラスの搬送量が高い溶融ガラス搬送管内に設置して使用することが好ましく、具体的には、粘度100~7000dPa・s、好ましくは粘度200~6000dPa・sの溶融ガラスを搬送量1~50m3/時間・S、好ましくは搬送量2~50m3/時間・S(Sは搬送管の断面積)で搬送する溶融ガラス搬送管内に設置して使用される。
図1に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10は、回転可能な中心軸11を有し、該中心軸11の下端部に攪拌部12が設けられている。
攪拌部12は、攪拌翼13、および、リング翼14で構成されている。
また、攪拌翼13は、板状体からなり、その長軸が中心軸11と直交しているものであってもよい。本明細書では、攪拌翼の鉛直断面形状において、その中心を通過して、互いに直交する二軸のうち、長さの長い方を長軸とし、短い方を短軸とした場合に、該短軸の長さが長軸の長さの0.5倍以下のものを「板状体」とし、0.5倍よりも大きいものを「棒状体」とする。攪拌翼が板状体の場合、その鉛直断面形状は、楕円形、あるいは、三角形、四角形、六角形等の多角形を取り得る。
以下、本明細書において、棒状体または板状体からなる攪拌翼が有する軸のうち、中心軸11に直交する軸を長軸とし、該長軸に直交する軸を短軸とする。したがって、攪拌翼の形状によっては、見た目上の長軸-短軸の関係と、本発明における長軸-短軸の関係が逆転する場合もある。
また、中心軸11の軸方向に2以上設けられた攪拌翼間の距離が小さいと、溶融ガラスの攪拌作用を低下するおそれがある。このため、中心軸11の軸方向に2以上設けられた攪拌翼間の距離は、40mm以上であることが好ましく、50mm以上であることがより好ましく、60mm以上であることがさらに好ましい。
一方、中心軸11の軸方向に2以上設けられた攪拌翼間の距離が大きい場合も、溶融ガラスの攪拌作用を低下する。このため、中心軸11の軸方向に2以上設けられた攪拌翼間の距離は、200mm以下であることが好ましく、190mm以下であることがより好ましく、180mm以下であることがさらに好ましい。
一方、板状体からなる攪拌翼13の短軸を中心軸11に対して傾斜させて配置することができる。このような配置とした場合、中心軸11の軸方向にも攪拌作用を与えることができるため、溶融ガラスの流れがより複雑な流れとなり、均質化作用が向上する可能性がある。
板状体からなる攪拌翼13の短軸を中心軸11に対して傾斜させて配置する場合、板状体からなる攪拌翼13の短軸と中心軸11とがなす角度θ(0°≦θ≦90°)が、60°以下であることが好ましく、0°~55°であることがより好ましい。なお、板状体から攪拌翼13の短軸を中心軸11と平行となるように配置した場合、攪拌翼13の短軸と中心軸11とがなす角度θは0°である。
また、板状体からなる攪拌翼13に関して、後述する図13の溶融ガラス攪拌装置10G、および、図14に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Hでは、平面形状が矩形をした板状体からなる攪拌翼13を示しているが、板状体からなる攪拌翼の平面形状は台形等、他の方形であってもよい。
図3は、図2の溶融ガラス攪拌装置20が配置された溶融ガラス搬送管内での溶融ガラス流の挙動を示した模式図である。図3において、溶融ガラス搬送管の主管100内に溶融ガラス攪拌装置20が配置されている。該主管100の上流側および下流側には、それぞれ枝管110,120がそれぞれ接続されている。
溶融ガラス搬送管内の溶融ガラスGは、図中矢印方向に搬送される。溶融ガラスの通過時には、溶融ガラス攪拌装置20の中心軸21を矢印方向に回転させる。中心軸21の回転により、該中心軸21の下端部に設けられた攪拌部22も矢印方向に回転する。
溶融ガラス搬送管内の溶融ガラスのうち、攪拌部22が配置された攪拌領域(図中破線で示した部位)を通過する溶融ガラスは、攪拌部22による攪拌作用によって均質化される。一方、溶融ガラス搬送管である主管100の壁面近傍の非攪拌領域(図中破線よりも外側の部位)を通過する溶融ガラスについては、溶融ガラスのすり抜けが起こり均質化されない。
但し、この溶融ガラスのすり抜け抑制の効果を発揮するためには、溶融ガラス攪拌装置が、該溶融ガラス攪拌装置が配置される溶融ガラス搬送管との関係で、以下に示す条件を満たす必要がある。この点について、図5を参照して説明する。図5は、図1の溶融ガラス攪拌装置10を溶融ガラス搬送管内に配置した状態で示した図である。
0.7×D2 ≦ D1 ≦ 0.98×D2 (1)
0.8×D1 ≦ Dr ≦ D1 (2)
ここで、攪拌部12の最大径D1は、リング翼14の外直径Drと一致する。但し、式(2)に示すように、リング翼14の外直径Drは、攪拌部12の最大径D1よりも小さくてもよい。この場合、たとえば、後述する図10に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Dのように、攪拌翼13が、リング翼14の外側に突き出た状態になる。このような場合、図5に示す、攪拌部12のうち、攪拌翼13が設けられた部位の直径D4が、攪拌部12の最大径D1となる。
一方、攪拌部12の最大径D1が、0.7×D2より小さい場合、主管100の壁面との間で生じる圧力損失が少なく、主管100の壁面近傍(図4中破線よりも外側の部位)を通過する溶融ガラスを、攪拌部12が設けられた攪拌領域に引き込むことができない。このため、溶融ガラスのすり抜けを抑制できない。
上記D1および上記D2は、下記式(1a)を満たすことがより好ましく、下記式(1b)を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
0.7×D2 ≦ D1 ≦ 0.96×D2 (1a)
0.7×D2 ≦ D1 ≦ 0.94×D2 (1b)
上記D1および上記Drは、下記式(2a)を満たすことがより好ましく、下記式(2b)を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
0.85×D1 ≦ Dr ≦ D1 (2a)
0.9×D1 ≦ Dr ≦ D1 (2b)
このため、リング翼14の厚みは、50mm以下とする必要がある。リング翼14の厚みは、45mm以下がより好ましく、40mm以下がさらに好ましい。
強度の観点からは、リング翼14の厚みは、3mm以上が好ましく、5mm以上がより好ましく、8mm以上がさらに好ましい。
なお、リング翼14の厚みとは、円環形状の径方向における厚み、すなわち、リング翼14の(外直径-内直径)/2である。
0.05×L ≦ h ≦ 0.5×L (5)
リング翼14の高さhが、0.05Lより小さいと、主管100の壁面との間で生じる圧力損失が小さくなり、主管100の壁面近傍(図4中破線よりも外側の部位)を通過する溶融ガラスを、攪拌部12が設けられた攪拌領域に十分引き込むことができず、溶融ガラスのすり抜けを抑制できなくなるおそれがある。
一方、リング翼14の高さhが、0.5Lより大きいと、攪拌部12の回転に要するトルクが増加する。
上記hおよびLは、下記式(5a)を満たすことがより好ましく、下記式(5b)を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
0.05×L ≦ h ≦ 0.4×L (5a)
0.05×L ≦ h ≦ 0.3×L (5b)
このため、上記D1および上記D3は、下記式(3)を満たすことが好ましく、下記式(3a)を満たすことがより好ましく、下記式(3b)を満たすことがさらに好ましく、下記式(3c)を満たすことがさらに好ましい。
D3 ≦ 0.6×D1 (3)
D3 ≦ 0.5×D1 (3a)
D3 ≦ 0.4×D1 (3b)
D3 ≦ 0.3×D1 (3c)
但し、攪拌翼13が設けられた部位の直径D4が、攪拌部12の最大径D1に対して小さくなると、溶融ガラスの攪拌作用が低下する。このため、上記D1および上記D4は、下記式(4)を満たすことが好ましい。
0.9×D1 ≦ D4 ≦ D1 (4)
なお、図13に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Gでは、攪拌翼13,15が板状体からなる。
図13に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Gでは、攪拌部12に設けた縦攪拌翼16が、リング翼14とともに、溶融ガラスのすり抜け抑制の効果が発揮することが期待される。
なお、図13に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Gでは、縦攪拌翼16が板状体として示されているが、縦攪拌翼の形状はこれに限定されず、その鉛直断面形状が、円形、楕円形、あるいは、三角形、四角形、六角形等の多角形をした棒状体であってもよい。これらの場合、棒状体の長軸が中心軸11と平行する。
また、図13に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Gでは、中心軸11と、縦攪拌翼16と、の間に、攪拌翼13、15が位置するように、2つの縦攪拌翼16が設けられているが、図12に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Fのように、中心軸11の周方向において、該中心軸11を中心として、十字をなすように、4つの攪拌翼13が設けられている場合は、図中手前方向および奥方向の攪拌翼13が、中心軸11と、縦攪拌翼と、の間に位置するように、さらに2つの縦攪拌翼、すなわち、合計4つの縦攪拌翼を設けてもよい。
なお、図14に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10Hでは、攪拌翼13が板状体からなる。
本発明の板ガラス製造装置は、様々な用途の板ガラスの製造に適用可能であるが、FPD用のガラス基板のように、均質性についての要求がきわめて厳しい用途の板ガラスの製造に適用することが特に好ましい。
本発明の板ガラス製造装置を用いて板ガラスを製造することにより、未融解原料の混在がなく、光学的均質性が高く、平坦度が高い板ガラスが得られる。
本実施例では、図3に示す場合、すなわち、図2に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置20が配置された溶融ガラス搬送管内での溶融ガラス流の挙動と、図4に示す場合、すなわち、図1の溶融ガラス攪拌装置10が配置された溶融ガラス搬送管内での溶融ガラス流の挙動を評価した。但し、リング翼14の有無による違いを明確にするため、図4に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置10のうち、リング翼14および該リング14の内側にある攪拌翼13と、図3に示す溶融ガラス攪拌装置20のうち、中心軸21の軸方向において、溶融ガラス攪拌装置10のリング翼と同位置にある攪拌翼23と、について、溶融ガラス搬送管(主管100)内を通過する溶融ガラス流の挙動を評価した。図15は、リング翼なしの場合における攪拌翼23と、溶融ガラス搬送管100の壁面と、の位置関係を示した図であり、図16は、リング翼ありの場合における攪拌翼13、リング翼14と、溶融ガラス搬送管100の壁面と、の位置関係を示した図である。
また、溶融ガラス搬送管(主管100)内を搬送される溶融ガラスの粘度は400dPa・s、搬送量は55m3/時間・Sと想定した。
溶融ガラス搬送管、攪拌翼およびリング翼の寸法の違いによる影響を排除するため、攪拌部の最大径に対応する、攪拌翼23の長さ(図15の構成の場合、図16の構成の場合は、リング翼14の長さ)rと、溶融ガラス搬送管100の内径をRと、の相対比(r/R)を判断指標とした。以下で説明する図17から図20は、r/R=0.9(90%)と想定した場合の結果である。
図17は、図15に示す構成での、管径方向における位置(管径位置)と、溶融ガラス搬送管の周方向における溶融ガラス流の流速分布と、の関係を示したグラフであり、図18は、図16に示す構成での、管径方向における位置(管径位置)と、溶融ガラス搬送管の周方向における溶融ガラス流の流速分布と、の関係を示したグラフである。両者の比較から明らかなように、図18は、リング翼14よりも外側の非攪拌領域(図4中破線よりも外側の部位)では、溶融ガラス流の流速分布がほぼ0になっており、溶融ガラスのすり抜けが大幅に抑制されていることが確認できる。
図19は、図15に示す構成での、管径方向における位置(管径位置)と、溶融ガラス搬送管の軸方向における溶融ガラス流の流量分布と、の関係を示したグラフであり、図20は、図16に示す構成での、管径方向における位置(管径位置)と、溶融ガラス搬送管の軸方向における溶融ガラス流の流量分布と、の関係を示したグラフである。両者の比較から明らかなように、図20は、リング翼14よりも外側の非攪拌領域(図4中破線よりも外側の部位)では、溶融ガラス流の流量分布がほぼ0になっており、溶融ガラスのすり抜けが大幅に抑制されていることが確認できる。なお、図19中、ハッチングで示した個所が、攪拌翼23よりも外側の非攪拌領域(図3中破線よりも外側の部位)を通過する溶融ガラスの流量分布、すなわち、溶融ガラスのすり抜けに相当する。非攪拌領域を通過する溶融ガラスの比率(非攪拌領域通過比率)は、図19では4.2%であるのに対して、図20では0.2%まで低減された。
さらに、図15、図16に示す構成それぞれについて、r/Rを変化させて、非攪拌領域通過比率との関係を評価した。図22は、図15に示す構成での、r/Rと、非攪拌領域通過比率と、の関係を示したグラフであり、図22は、図16に示す構成での、r/Rと、非攪拌領域通過比率と、の関係を示したグラフである。また、図23は、図15、図16に示す構成について、r/Rと、非攪拌領域通過比率と、の関係を比較したグラフである。但し、図23では、図15の構成は装置20とし、図16の構成は装置10としている。これらの結果、特に図23の結果から明らかなように、図16の構成でr/Rを0.7(70%)以上とした場合、図15の構成でr/Rを0.9(90%)とした場合よりも、非攪拌領域通過比率を低くできる。
本出願は、2013年5月8日出願の日本特許出願(特願2013-098233)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
11,21:中心軸
12,22:攪拌部
13,23,15:攪拌翼
14:リング翼
16:縦攪拌翼
17:拡径部
100:溶融ガラス搬送管(主管)
110,120:溶融ガラス搬送管(枝管)
Claims (16)
- 溶融ガラスを攪拌する溶融ガラス攪拌装置であって、該溶融ガラス攪拌装置は、回転可能な中心軸と、該中心軸に設けられた攪拌部と、で構成され、
前記攪拌部は、長軸が前記中心軸と直交する、板状体、または、鉛直断面形状が円形、楕円形、もしくは、多角形のいずれかである棒状体からなる攪拌翼、及び、前記中心軸と同軸をなす、円環形状のリング翼で構成され、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、かつ、前記中心軸の周方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に1以上のリング翼が設けられている溶融ガラス攪拌装置。 - 前記リング翼の厚みが50mm以下である請求項1に記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
- 前記攪拌部の最大径をD1(mm)とし、前記攪拌部が設置されている部位における溶融ガラス搬送管の直径をD2(mm)とし、前記リング翼の外直径をDr(mm)とするとき、下記式(1)、(2)を満たした、
ことを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
0.7×D2 ≦ D1 ≦ 0.98×D2 (1)
0.8×D1 ≦ Dr ≦ D1 (2) - 粘度100~7000dPa・sの溶融ガラスを搬送量1~50m3/時間・S(Sは搬送管の断面積)で搬送する溶融ガラス搬送管内で該溶融ガラスを攪拌する請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
- 前記リング翼が、前記溶融ガラス搬送管のうち、前記攪拌部の中心軸の長軸方向のみに溶融ガラスが搬送される部位に設けられている、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
- 前記中心軸の直径をD3(mm)とするとき、下記式(3)を満たす、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
D3 ≦ 0.6×D1 (3) - 前記攪拌部のうち、前記攪拌翼が設けられた部位の直径をD4とするとき、下記式(4)を満たす、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
0.6×D1 ≦ D4 ≦ D1 (4) - 前記中心軸の軸方向に2以上設けられた攪拌翼間の距離が、50~200mmである、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
- 前記中心軸の軸方向における前記攪拌部の長さをL(mm)とするとき、前記中心軸の軸方向における前記リング翼の高さをh(mm)とするとき、下記式(5)を満たす、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
0.05×L ≦ h ≦ 0.5×L (5) - 前記攪拌翼が板状体であり、該板状体の短軸と前記中心軸とがなす角度θが下記式(6)を満たす、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
0° ≦ θ ≦ 60° (6) - 前記攪拌部は、板状体、または、鉛直断面形状が円形、楕円形、もしくは、多角形のいずれかである棒状体からなり、長辺または長軸が前記中心軸と平行して、該攪拌部の外縁を規定する位置に設けられる縦攪拌翼をさらに有している、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
- 板ガラス成形装置、および、前記ガラス溶解装置と前記板ガラス成形装置との間に設けられた溶融ガラス搬送管を有する板ガラス製造装置であって、
前記溶融ガラス搬送管に、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置が少なくとも1つ設けられた板ガラス製造装置。 - 前記ガラス溶解装置と、前記板ガラス成形装置と、の間に設けられた脱泡装置をさらに有し、前記溶融ガラス搬送管が、前記ガラス溶解装置と前記脱泡装置との間に設けられた第1の溶融ガラス搬送管と、前記脱泡装置と前記板ガラス成形装置との間に設けられた第2の溶融ガラス搬送管と、からなり、少なくとも、前記第2の溶融ガラス搬送管に、前記溶融ガラス攪拌装置が設けられている、請求項12に記載の板ガラス製造装置。
- 請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の溶融ガラス攪拌装置を用いた溶融ガラス攪拌方法。
- 請求項12または13に記載の板ガラス製造装置を用いた板ガラス製造方法。
- 粘度100~7000dPa・sの溶融ガラスを搬送量1~50m3/時間・S(Sは搬送管の断面積)で搬送する溶融ガラス搬送管内で該溶融ガラスを攪拌する溶融ガラス攪拌装置であって、該溶融ガラス攪拌装置は、回転可能な中心軸と、該中心軸に設けられた攪拌部と、で構成され、
前記攪拌部は、長軸が前記中心軸と直交する、板状体、または、鉛直断面形状が円形、楕円形、もしくは、多角形のいずれかである棒状体からなる攪拌翼、及び、前記中心軸と同軸をなす、円環形状をし、厚みが50mm以下のリング翼で構成され、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、かつ、前記中心軸の周方向に2以上の攪拌翼が設けられており、
前記攪拌部には、前記中心軸の軸方向に1以上のリング翼が設けられており、
前記攪拌部の最大径をD1(mm)とし、前記攪拌部が設置されている部位における前記溶融ガラス搬送管の直径をD2(mm)とし、前記リング翼の外直径をDr(mm)とするとき、下記式(1)、(2)を満たした、
ことを特徴とする、溶融ガラス攪拌装置。
0.7×D2 ≦ D1 ≦ 0.98×D2 (1)
0.8×D1 ≦ Dr ≦ D1 (2)
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EP2995593A4 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
CN105209397B (zh) | 2018-03-30 |
JPWO2014181732A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
EP2995593A1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
KR20160005705A (ko) | 2016-01-15 |
JP6304245B2 (ja) | 2018-04-04 |
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