WO2013073059A1 - ガラスの製造方法、および、攪拌装置 - Google Patents
ガラスの製造方法、および、攪拌装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013073059A1 WO2013073059A1 PCT/JP2011/076736 JP2011076736W WO2013073059A1 WO 2013073059 A1 WO2013073059 A1 WO 2013073059A1 JP 2011076736 W JP2011076736 W JP 2011076736W WO 2013073059 A1 WO2013073059 A1 WO 2013073059A1
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- molten glass
- chamber
- stirring
- shaft
- glass
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/187—Stirring devices; Homogenisation with moving elements
- C03B5/1875—Stirring devices; Homogenisation with moving elements of the screw or pump-action type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
- B01F27/1123—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades sickle-shaped, i.e. curved in at least one direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
- B01F27/1125—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades with vanes or blades extending parallel or oblique to the stirrer axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/50—Pipe mixers, i.e. mixers wherein the materials to be mixed flow continuously through pipes, e.g. column mixers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/81—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles
- B01F33/811—Combinations of similar mixers, e.g. with rotary stirring devices in two or more receptacles in two or more consecutive, i.e. successive, mixing receptacles or being consecutively arranged
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a glass manufacturing method and a stirring device.
- a mass production process of glass products such as glass plates
- glass raw materials are heated to produce molten glass
- the produced molten glass is molded to produce glass products such as glass plates.
- the glass product has striae.
- the striae are streak regions having a refractive index and specific gravity different from those of the surroundings, and in applications such as optical parts such as lenses and substrates for liquid crystal displays (LCD), it is required to be strictly excluded from glass products.
- the molten glass is stirred using a stirring device.
- a stirrer includes a cylindrical chamber and a stirrer.
- the stirrer has a shaft that is a rotating shaft and blades that are connected to the side surface of the shaft.
- molten glass is supplied into a chamber in which a stirrer is disposed, and the molten glass is stirred by an axially rotating blade to homogenize the molten glass.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-72426 discloses a molten glass stirring device including a stirrer having a shaft as a rotating shaft and blades connected to the side surface of the shaft. In this stirrer, since the stirrer is installed in a state where part of the blades are close to the inner wall of the stirrer, the molten glass can be stirred uniformly.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-204357 discloses a molten glass stirring device that can realize a higher stirring effect by connecting a plurality of stirring devices.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a glass manufacturing method and a stirring device capable of stirring molten glass more uniformly.
- the glass production method includes a melting step of melting a glass raw material to obtain a molten glass, a stirring step of stirring the molten glass obtained in the melting step, and a glass from the molten glass stirred in the stirring step.
- the stirring process includes a first stirring process and a second stirring process. In the first stirring step, stirring is performed while guiding the molten glass from below to above in the first stirring tank. In the second stirring step, stirring is performed while the molten glass stirred in the first stirring step is guided from above to below in the second stirring tank.
- the first stirring tank includes a first chamber, a first stirrer that stirs the molten glass in the first chamber, and a first discharge pipe that can discharge the molten glass from the bottom of the first chamber.
- the second stirring tank includes a second chamber, a second stirrer for stirring the molten glass in the second chamber, and a second discharge pipe capable of discharging the molten glass from the liquid surface of the molten glass in the second chamber.
- the upper side part of the first stirring tank is connected to the upper side part of the second stirring tank by a connecting pipe. The molten glass is transferred from the first stirring tank to the second stirring tank through the connecting pipe.
- the molten glass obtained in the melting step is stirred in the first stirring tank in the stirring step, and then further stirred in the second stirring tank.
- the molten glass is stirred while being guided from below to above.
- the molten glass stirred in the first stirring tank is sent to the second stirring tank through the connecting pipe.
- the second chamber of the second stirring tank the molten glass is stirred while being guided from above to below.
- a component having a large specific gravity (such as zirconia-rich molten glass) contained in the molten glass may be stored at the bottom of the first chamber.
- a component having a large specific gravity stored in the bottom of the first chamber is unlikely to flow into the second chamber.
- a first discharge pipe is attached to the bottom surface of the first chamber. Therefore, a component having a large specific gravity stored at the bottom of the first chamber can be discharged from the first chamber via the first discharge pipe.
- a component having a small specific gravity such as silica-rich molten glass or minute bubbles in the molten glass contained in the molten glass may be stored near the liquid surface of the molten glass.
- a component having a small specific gravity in the first chamber is sent to the second chamber together with the molten glass through a connecting pipe connecting the first chamber and the second chamber.
- the component having a small specific gravity contained in the molten glass is finally stored near the liquid surface of the molten glass in the second chamber.
- the 2nd discharge pipe is attached to the height position near the liquid level of the 2nd chamber. Therefore, the component with a small specific gravity stored near the liquid surface of the molten glass can be discharged from the second chamber via the second discharge pipe.
- the component with large specific gravity contained in molten glass can be efficiently removed from a 1st discharge pipe, and the specific gravity contained in molten glass is low. Small components can be efficiently removed from the second exhaust pipe.
- components having different specific gravities contained in the molten glass are stored and concentrated in the stirring step and sent to the forming step, it causes striae generated in the formed glass.
- components having different specific gravities contained in the molten glass can be easily removed, so that the molten glass can be homogeneously stirred in the first stirring tank and the second stirring tank, The occurrence of glass striae can be suppressed.
- the glass manufacturing method according to the present invention includes a melting step of melting a glass raw material to obtain a molten glass, a stirring step of stirring the molten glass obtained in the melting step, and a molten glass stirred in the stirring step.
- the stirring process includes a first stirring process and a second stirring process. In the first stirring step, stirring is performed while guiding the molten glass from below to above in the first stirring tank. In the second stirring step, stirring is performed while the molten glass stirred in the first stirring step is guided from above to below in the second stirring tank.
- the first stirring tank includes a first chamber, a first stirrer that stirs the molten glass in the first chamber, and a first discharge pipe that can discharge the molten glass from the bottom of the first chamber.
- the second stirring tank includes a second chamber, a second stirrer for stirring the molten glass in the second chamber, and a second discharge pipe capable of discharging the molten glass from the liquid surface of the molten glass in the second chamber.
- the upper side part of the first stirring tank is connected to the upper side part of the second stirring tank by a connecting pipe. The molten glass is transferred from the first stirring tank to the second stirring tank through the connecting pipe.
- the second stirrer rotates about the second shaft as a rotation axis, so that the second auxiliary plate causes the radial flow of the second shaft to occur in the molten glass, and adjacent 2
- the second auxiliary plate located between the second support plates of the second blades arranged in two stages causes the molten glass to flow in the same direction.
- the second auxiliary plate installed on the main surface above the second support plate of the second blade located at the uppermost stage is the second support plate of the second blade located at the uppermost stage.
- the stirring device is a stirring device for stirring molten glass, and includes a first stirring tank, a second stirring tank, and a connecting pipe.
- the first stirring tank includes a first chamber, a first stirrer that stirs the molten glass in the first chamber, and a first discharge pipe that can discharge the molten glass from the bottom of the first chamber.
- the second stirring tank includes a second chamber, a second stirrer for stirring the molten glass in the second chamber, and a second discharge pipe capable of discharging the molten glass from the liquid surface of the molten glass in the second chamber.
- the connecting pipe connects the upper side portion of the first stirring tank and the upper side portion of the second stirring tank.
- the connecting pipe transfers the molten glass from the first stirring tank to the second stirring tank.
- the first agitation tank is agitated while guiding the molten glass from below to above.
- the second agitation tank is agitated while guiding the molten glass agitated by the first agitator from above to below.
- the glass manufacturing method and the stirring device according to the present invention can stir molten glass more uniformly.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a glass manufacturing apparatus 200 according to the present embodiment.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 includes a dissolution tank 40, a clarification tank 41, a stirring device 100, a molding device 42, and conduits 43a, 43b, and 43c that communicate these components.
- the molten glass MG produced by the melting tank 40 passes through the conduit 43a and flows into the clarification tank 41, and the molten glass MG clarified by the clarification tank 41 passes through the conduit 43b and flows into the stirring device 100,
- the molten glass MG homogeneously stirred by the stirring device 100 passes through the conduit 43c and flows into the forming device 42, and the forming device 42 forms the glass ribbon GR from the molten glass MG using the downdraw method.
- the melting tank 40 is provided with heating means such as a burner and can melt the glass raw material to obtain the molten glass MG.
- the glass raw material is appropriately adjusted so that glass having desired physical properties can be obtained.
- the glass raw material can be prepared so as to obtain a glass having substantially the following composition when expressed in mass%.
- “substantially” means to allow the presence of trace components in a range of less than 0.1% by mass.
- the glass having the above composition allows the mixing of other trace components in the range of less than 0.1% by mass.
- Each content of Fe 2 O 3 , As 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3, and SnO 2 in the above composition is such that Fe, As, Sb or Sn components having a plurality of valences are all Fe 2 O. 3 , As 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 or SnO 2 .
- the glass raw material prepared as described above is charged into the melting tank 40.
- a glass raw material is melted at a set temperature according to its composition and the like, for example, to obtain a molten glass MG of 1500 ° C. or higher.
- the molten glass MG obtained in the melting tank 40 flows from the melting tank 40 through the conduit 43a into the clarification tank 41.
- a heating means is installed similarly to the dissolution tank 40.
- the molten glass MG is clarified by further raising the temperature. Specifically, in the clarification tank 41, the temperature of the molten glass MG is raised to 1550 ° C. or higher, and further to 1600 ° C. or higher. Molten glass MG is clarified by raising the temperature, and fine bubbles contained in molten glass MG are removed.
- the molten glass MG clarified in the clarification tank 41 passes through the conduit 43b from the clarification tank 41 and flows into the stirring device 100.
- Molten glass MG is cooled as it passes through conduit 43b.
- the stirring device 100 the molten glass MG is stirred and homogenized at a temperature lower than the temperature in the clarification tank 41.
- the molten glass MG adjusted to a temperature range of 1400 ° C. to 1550 ° C. is stirred.
- the viscosity of the molten glass MG stirred by the stirring device 100 is 450 poise to 2400 poise.
- the molten glass MG homogenized in the stirring device 100 flows from the stirring device 100 through the conduit 43c and flows into the molding device 42.
- the molten glass MG is further cooled when passing through the conduit 43c, and is cooled to around 1200 ° C., which is a temperature suitable for forming.
- the molten glass MG is formed by the down draw method. Specifically, the molten glass MG that has flowed into the molding apparatus 42 overflows from the upper part of the molding apparatus 42 and flows downward along the side wall of the molding apparatus 42. Thereby, the glass ribbon GR is continuously formed from the lower end of the forming apparatus 42. The glass ribbon GR is gradually cooled as it goes downward, and is finally cut into a glass plate of a desired size.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the stirring device 100.
- the stirring device 100 mainly includes a first stirring tank 100a and a second stirring tank 100b.
- the first stirring tank 100a mainly includes a first chamber 101a and a first stirrer 102a accommodated in the first chamber 101a.
- the second stirring tank 100b mainly includes a second chamber 101b and a second stirrer 102b accommodated in the second chamber 101b.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the first stirrer 102a
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the second stirrer 102b.
- Both the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b are cylindrical heat-resistant containers having the same size.
- the first chamber 101a communicates with the upstream conduit 103 attached to the lower side surface and the connection pipe 107 attached to the upper side surface.
- the second chamber 101b communicates with the connecting pipe 107 attached to the upper side surface and the downstream conduit 104 attached to the lower side surface.
- the conduit 43 b corresponds to the upstream conduit 103
- the conduit 43 c corresponds to the downstream conduit 104.
- the upstream side conduit 103 (conduit 43 b) has a portion inclined downward from the clarification tank 41 toward the stirring device 100.
- the downstream side conduit 104 (conduit 43c) has a portion inclined downward from the stirring device 100 toward the molding device.
- the connecting pipe 107 is arranged horizontally.
- the first chamber 101a communicates with the first discharge pipe 110a attached to the bottom surface.
- the second chamber 101b communicates with the second discharge pipe 110b attached to the upper side surface.
- the upper end of the opening on the side surface of the second chamber 101b is located above the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG, and the lower end of the opening is located below the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG. It is installed as follows.
- the tube 110b is made of a material that can withstand the high temperature of the molten glass MG.
- these members are made of platinum, platinum alloy, iridium, iridium alloy, or the like.
- platinum, platinum alloy, iridium, and iridium alloy are expensive, so it is preferable to reduce the amount used.
- the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b may have a multilayer structure in which a platinum layer is formed only on the inner walls thereof.
- the molten glass MG flows into the first chamber 101a laterally from the upstream conduit 103, and is agitated while being guided vertically upward from below in the first chamber 101a. It flows out from the chamber 101a to the connecting pipe 107 in the horizontal direction. Thereafter, the molten glass MG flows into the second chamber 101b from the connection pipe 107 in the horizontal direction in the second stirring tank 100b, and is stirred while being guided downward from above in the second chamber 101b. The gas flows out of the two chambers 101b into the downstream conduit 104 in the lateral direction.
- the temperature of the molten glass MG in the first chamber 101a may be adjusted to be 40 ° C. to 70 ° C. higher than the temperature of the molten glass MG in the second chamber 101b.
- the first stirrer 102 a includes a columnar first shaft 105 a that rotates about a shaft, and first blades 106 a 1, 106 a 2, 106 a 3, and 106 a 4 connected to the side surfaces of the first shaft 105 a. ing.
- the first shaft 105a is disposed in the first chamber 101a so that the rotation axis thereof is along the vertical direction.
- the first shaft 105a is arranged so that the rotation axis thereof coincides with the cylindrical central axis of the first chamber 101a.
- the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 are arranged at equal intervals in this order from the upper side to the lower side along the axial direction of the first shaft 105a.
- the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 are arranged in four stages along the axial direction of the first shaft 105a.
- the upper end of the first shaft 105a is connected to an external motor or the like, and the first stirrer 102a can rotate about the first shaft 105a as a rotation axis.
- the second stirrer 102b has the same size and configuration as the first stirrer 102a, and a cylindrical second shaft 105b that rotates about the axis, and a side surface of the second shaft 105b.
- the upper end portion of the second shaft 105b is connected to an external motor or the like, and the second stirrer 102b can rotate about the second shaft 105b as a rotation axis.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are a side view and a plan view of the first blades 106a1 and 106a3, respectively.
- 7 and 8 are a side view and a plan view of the first blades 106a2 and 106a4, respectively.
- 6 and 8 are plan views of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 as viewed from above along the rotation axis of the first shaft 105a.
- Each of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 includes a first support plate 108a directly connected to the first shaft 105a, a first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 installed on the upper main surface of each first support plate 108a, It consists of a first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 installed on the lower main surface of the first support plate 108a.
- each of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 is provided such that two first support plates 108a are orthogonal to the first shaft 105a, and two first upper auxiliary plates 109a1 and The two first lower auxiliary plates 109a2 are configured to be provided on the upper main surface and the lower main surface of each first support plate 108a, respectively.
- the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 and the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 are collectively referred to as a first auxiliary plate.
- the first blades 106a1 and 106a3 have the same shape, and the first blades 106a2 and 106a4 have the same shape.
- the first blades 106a1 and 106a3 are different from the first blades 106a2 and 106a4 in the arrangement of the first support plate 108a and the first auxiliary plate.
- the two first support plates 108a are attached to positions opposite to each other around the rotation axis of the first shaft 105a.
- the main surface of the first support plate 108a is inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the first shaft 105a.
- the first blades 106a1 and 106a3 and the first blades 106a2 and 106a4 have different inclination directions of the first support plate 108a.
- the first blades 106a1 and 106a3 and the first blades 106a2 and 106a4 have different flow directions from the molten glass MG.
- the first auxiliary plate is mounted on the main surface of the first support plate 108a so that its main surface is substantially perpendicular to the main surface of the first support plate 108a.
- a first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 is attached on the upper main surface of the first support plate 108a, and a first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 is attached on the lower main surface of the first support plate 108a. Yes.
- the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 is indicated by a broken line.
- the first auxiliary plate has an inner end 109e1 that is the end closest to the first shaft 105a and an outer end 109e2 that is the end opposite to the inner end 109e1. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the first auxiliary plate has a center point 113a where the rotation axis of the first shaft 105a is located and an inner end 109e1 as it goes from the inner end 109e1 to the outer end 109e2. It is installed so that its main surface is away from the connecting straight line 111a. Specifically, in the first blades 106a1 and 106a3, as shown in FIG.
- the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 is installed such that its main surface moves away from the straight line 111a in the clockwise direction
- 1 The lower auxiliary plate 109a2 is installed such that its main surface moves away from the straight line 111a counterclockwise.
- the first blades 106a2 and 106a4 as shown in FIG. 8, the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 is installed such that its main surface is separated counterclockwise from the straight line 111a, and the first lower The side auxiliary plate 109a2 is installed such that its main surface moves away from the straight line 111a in the clockwise direction.
- first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 and the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 are installed so as to extend in the opposite directions.
- the pair of first auxiliary plates facing each other between the two first blades 106a1 to 106a4 adjacent along the rotation axis of the first shaft 105a have their main surfaces separated from the straight line 111a in the same direction. Is installed.
- the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 of the first blade 106a1 positioned at the uppermost stage and the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 of the first blade 106a2 positioned one step lower of the first blade 106a are both of their main components.
- the surface is installed so as to move away from the straight line 111a counterclockwise.
- the second blades 106b1 to 106b5 have the same configuration as the first blades 106a1 to 106a4.
- Each of the second blades 106b1 to 106b5 includes two second support plates 108b that are directly connected to the second shaft 105b, and two second upper plates that are installed on the upper main surface of each second support plate 108b. It consists of an auxiliary plate 109b1 and two second lower auxiliary plates 109b2 installed on the lower main surface of each second support plate 108b.
- the second upper auxiliary plate 109b1 and the second lower auxiliary plate 109b2 are collectively referred to as a second auxiliary plate.
- the second blades 106b1, 106b3, 106b5 have the same shape as each other, and have the same configuration as that shown in FIGS.
- the second blades 106b2 and 106b4 have the same shape as each other, and have the same configuration as that shown in FIGS.
- the second support plate 108b of the second blade 106b1 located at the uppermost stage is disposed at substantially the same height as the lower end of the opening of the connection pipe 107 on the side surface of the second chamber 101b.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the flow of the molten glass MG in the stirring device 100.
- the molten glass MG clarified by the clarification tank 41 is homogeneously stirred by passing through the first stirring tank 100a and the second stirring tank 100b, and sent to the molding device 42.
- the molten glass MG fills the inside of the first chamber 101a of the first stirring tank 100a and the inside of the second chamber 101b of the second stirring tank 100b to a predetermined height position.
- the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the first chamber 101a, the connecting pipe 107, and the second chamber 101b is at substantially the same height position. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the height position of the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG is lower than the upper end of the connecting pipe 107. Therefore, the space above the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b communicates with each other via the connecting pipe 107.
- the molten glass MG is mainly stirred by the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 of the first stirrer 102a rotating around the first shaft 105a.
- the first auxiliary plates of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 scrape the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a to the first shaft 105a side, or from the first shaft 105a side to the first axis. It pushes out to the inner wall side of the chamber 101a.
- one of the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 and the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 causes the molten glass MG to flow from the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a to the first shaft 105a.
- the other side pushes the molten glass MG from the first shaft 105a side to the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a. That is, the flow of the molten glass MG in the radial direction of the first shaft 105a is opposite to each other above the first support plate 108a and below the first support plate 108a of each of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4.
- the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 of the blade located in the upper stage and the first upper auxiliary plate located in the lower stage 109a1 is the same in the direction in which the principal surfaces leave the straight line 111a. Therefore, the flows of the molten glass MG in the radial direction of the first shaft 105a generated by the pair of auxiliary plates 109a facing each other are in the same direction.
- the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 of the first blade 106a1 positioned at the uppermost stage of the first shaft 105a is shown in FIG. 9 as the first stirrer 102a rotates clockwise as viewed from above.
- a flow of scraping the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a toward the first shaft 105a is generated. Therefore, the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 of the first blade 106a1 and the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 of the first blade 106a2 positioned one step below allow the molten glass MG to flow from the first shaft 105a side of the first chamber 101a. A flow is pushed out to the inner wall side.
- the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 of the first blade 106a2 and the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 of the first blade 106a3 scrape the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a to the first shaft 105a side.
- the first lower auxiliary plate 109a2 of the first blade 106a4 located at the lowest stage generates a flow of pushing the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a toward the first shaft 105a. That is, in the lower space 122a between the first blade 106a4 located at the lowest stage and the bottom surface of the first chamber 101a, the molten glass MG flows in the direction of the arrow 124a shown in FIG.
- the flow direction indicated by the arrow 124a is a flow direction for guiding the molten glass MG from the upstream conduit 103 into the first chamber 101a.
- the first upper auxiliary plate 109a1 of the first blade 106a1 positioned at the uppermost stage is moved above the support plate 108a of the first blade 106a1 by the shaft rotation of the first stirrer 102a.
- a flow for moving the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the 101a toward the first shaft 105a side is generated, and a flow for moving the molten glass MG moved by this flow along the side surface of the first shaft 105a is generated.
- the molten glass MG forms a circulating flow 123a shown in FIG.
- the flow direction of the circulating flow 123a in the vicinity of the liquid level LL is a flow direction that guides the molten glass MG from the first chamber 101a to the connecting pipe 107.
- the circulating flow 123a suppresses the molten glass MG from flowing out to the connecting pipe 107 without passing through the upper space 121a, and the molten glass MG stays without being stirred in the upper space 121a. Is suppressed.
- the flow of the molten glass MG generated by the second stirrer 102b in the second chamber 101b is basically the same as the flow of the molten glass MG generated by the first stirrer 102a in the first chamber 101a. That is, the flow of the molten glass MG in the radial direction of the second shaft 105b is opposite to each other above the second support plate 108b and below the second support plate 108b of each of the second blades 106b1 to 106b5. Further, the flows of the molten glass MG in the radial direction of the second shaft 105b generated by the pair of auxiliary plates 109b facing each other are in the same direction.
- the first stirrer 102a has four stages of first blades 106a1 to 106a4
- the second stirrer 102b has five stages of second blades 106b1 to 106b5.
- the second stirrer 102b rotates clockwise as viewed from above
- the second upper auxiliary plate 109b1 of the second blade 106b1 positioned at the uppermost stage of the second shaft 105b is shown in FIG.
- a flow of scraping the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the second chamber 101b toward the second shaft 105b is generated. Therefore, the second lower auxiliary plate 109b2 of the second blade 106b1 and the second upper auxiliary plate 109b1 of the second blade 106b2 positioned one step below allow the molten glass MG to flow from the second shaft 105b side to the second chamber 101b. A flow is pushed out to the inner wall side.
- the second lower auxiliary plate 109b2 of the second blade 106b2 and the second upper auxiliary plate 109b1 of the second blade 106b3 scrape the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of the second chamber 101b to the second shaft 105b side.
- wing 106b5 located in the lowest stage produces the flow which extrudes the molten glass MG from the 2nd shaft 105b side to the inner wall side of the 2nd chamber 101b.
- the molten glass MG flows in the direction of the arrow 124b shown in FIG.
- the flow direction indicated by the arrow 124b is a flow direction that guides the molten glass MG from the second chamber 101b to the downstream conduit 104. Thereby, it is suppressed that molten glass MG stagnates without stirring in lower space 121b.
- the second upper auxiliary plate 109b1 of the second blade 106b1 positioned at the uppermost stage is moved above the support plate 108b of the second blade 106b1 by the shaft rotation of the second stirrer 102b.
- a flow for moving the molten glass MG from the inner wall side of 101b toward the second shaft 105b side is generated, and a flow for moving the molten glass MG moved by this flow along the side surface of the second shaft 105b is generated.
- the molten glass MG forms a circulating flow 123b shown in FIG.
- the flow direction of the circulating flow 123b in the vicinity of the second blade 106b1 is a flow direction for guiding the molten glass MG from the connection pipe 107 into the second chamber 101b.
- the circulation flow 123b suppresses the molten glass MG from staying in the upper space 121b without being stirred.
- the molten glass MG that has flowed into the first chamber 101a of the first stirring tank 100a from the upstream side conduit 103 is moved into the two adjacent first first phases by the axial rotation of the first stirrer 102a.
- the blade is scraped from the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a to the first shaft 105a side or pushed out from the first shaft 105a side to the inner wall side of the first chamber 101a.
- the flow direction of the molten glass MG in the radial direction of the first shaft 105a is switched in the opposite direction for each stage as it goes from the lower side to the upper side in the first chamber 101a. That is, the molten glass MG is effectively agitated by being moved in the radial direction of the first shaft 105a while being gradually guided from below to above in the first chamber 101a.
- the molten glass MG stirred in the first chamber 101a and flowing into the second chamber 101b of the second stirring tank 100b from the connection pipe 107 is moved into the second chamber 101b by the shaft rotation of the second stirrer 102b. Is gradually agitated downward from above, and is effectively stirred by being moved in the radial direction of the second shaft 105b.
- the molten glass MG is stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the first stirring tank 100a and the second stirring tank 100b by the shaft rotation of the first stirrer 102a and the second stirrer 102b. Is done.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- a first discharge pipe 110a is attached to the bottom surface of the first chamber 101a of the first stirring tank 100a.
- the first discharge pipe 110a is used for discharging the molten glass MG from the lower space 122a in the first chamber 101a.
- a case where a component having a large specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG is stored in the lower space 122a of the first chamber 101a is considered.
- the component having a large specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG is, for example, zirconia-rich molten glass. Since the molten glass MG flows from the lower side to the upper side in the first chamber 101a, a component having a large specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG is less likely to flow into the second chamber 101b via the connecting pipe 107. Therefore, in the stirring device 100, a component having a large specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG may be stored in the lower space 122a at the bottom of the first chamber 101a.
- the molten glass MG containing a component with a large specific gravity stored at the bottom of the first chamber 101a is concentrated with the passage of time, so that the component with a large specific gravity is further concentrated.
- the molten glass MG containing a component having a large specific gravity is supplied to the molding device 42, striae occur in the molded glass product.
- the molten glass MG is also stirred at the bottom of the first chamber 101a, it is suppressed that the molten glass MG containing a component having a large specific gravity is stored and concentrated at the bottom of the first chamber 101a.
- the first discharge pipe 110a is provided in the lower space 122a of the first chamber 101a, the molten glass MG containing a component having a large specific gravity flows into the first chamber 101a from the upstream side conduit 103, Even if it is stored at the bottom of the chamber 101a, a component having a high specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG can be removed via the first discharge pipe 110a.
- the molten glass MG can be stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the first stirring tank 100a.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- the second discharge pipe 110b is at a height position near the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the second chamber 101b of the second stirring tank 100b. Is attached.
- the second discharge pipe 110b is used to discharge the molten glass MG from the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the second chamber 101b.
- a component having a small specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG is stored in the vicinity of the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the first chamber 101a, the second chamber 101b, and the connecting pipe 107.
- the component having a small specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG is, for example, silica-rich molten glass, fine bubbles in the molten glass, or the like. Due to the overall flow of the molten glass MG from the first chamber 101a toward the second chamber 101b, the component having a small specific gravity finally flows into the second chamber 101b.
- a component having a small specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG can be removed from the vicinity of the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the second chamber 101b through the second discharge pipe 110b.
- the molten glass MG flows from the second shaft 105b toward the inner wall of the second chamber 101b at a height position near the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG. Therefore, in the second chamber 101b, the molten glass MG easily flows into the second discharge pipe 110b installed on the side surface of the second chamber 101b.
- the molten glass MG can be stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the second stirring tank 100b.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- molten glass MG In the first stirring tank 100a of the stirring device 100 according to the present embodiment, in the lower space 122a between the first blade 106a4 located at the lowest stage of the first stirrer 102a and the bottom surface of the first chamber 101a, molten glass MG. Flows from the inner wall of the first chamber 101a toward the first shaft 105a, as indicated by an arrow 124a in FIG.
- the flow direction of the molten glass MG is a flow direction that promotes the inflow of the molten glass MG from the upstream conduit 103 into the first chamber 101a.
- the molten glass MG flows from the first shaft 105a toward the inner wall of the first chamber 101a between the first blade 106a4 and the first blade 106a3 positioned on the first stage of the first blade 106a4.
- the flow direction of the molten glass MG is a flow direction that suppresses the inflow of the molten glass MG from the upstream conduit 103 into the first chamber 101a.
- a component having a large specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG supplied to the first stirring tank 100a flows into the first chamber 101a along the bottom of the upstream conduit 103.
- the flow direction of the molten glass MG in the lower space 122a of the first chamber 101a is the direction opposite to the arrow 124a in FIG. 9, that is, the inner wall of the first chamber 101a from the first shaft 105a.
- the component having a large specific gravity that flows along the bottom of the upstream side conduit 103 is inhibited from flowing into the first chamber 101a.
- the component having a large specific gravity contained in the molten glass MG tends to stay at the bottom of the upstream side conduit 103 before the first chamber 101a.
- a component having a large specific gravity stored and concentrated at the bottom of the upstream conduit 103 may be caught in the flow of the molten glass MG and pass through the stirring device 100. This becomes a cause of striae generated in the glass ribbon GR formed by the forming apparatus 42.
- the molten glass MG flowing in the upstream side conduit 103 is promoted to flow into the lower space 122a in the first chamber 101a, and is positioned on the first blade 106a4 positioned on the lowest level and on the first level. Inflow to the space between the first blade 106a3 is suppressed. Therefore, the molten glass MG flowing through the upstream conduit 103 is first supplied to the lower space 122a in the first chamber 101a, and then stirred in order by the first blades 106a4, 106a3, 106a2, 106a1, and then connected. Sent to the tube 107.
- the molten glass MG can be stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the first stirring tank 100a.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- the molten glass MG Flows from the second shaft 105b toward the inner wall of the second chamber 101b, as indicated by the arrow 124b in FIG.
- the flow direction of the molten glass MG is a flow direction that promotes the outflow of the molten glass MG from the second chamber 101b to the downstream conduit 104.
- the molten glass MG flows from the inner wall of the second chamber 101b toward the second shaft 105b between the second blade 106b5 and the second blade 106b4 positioned on one stage of the second blade 106b5.
- the flow direction of the molten glass MG is a flow direction that suppresses the outflow of the molten glass MG from the second chamber 101b to the downstream conduit 104.
- the molten glass MG stirred by the second stirrer 102b in the second chamber 101b and reaching the lower space 122b is promoted to flow out to the downstream conduit 104. Moreover, it is suppressed that molten glass MG flows out into the downstream conduit
- the molten glass MG can be stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the second stirring tank 100b.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- a circulating flow 123a of the molten glass MG is formed in the upper space 121a.
- the circulating flow 123a preferably has such a speed that the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG does not wave, specifically, the speed that does not entrain air near the liquid level LL.
- the inventors of the present application have an interval between the first blade 106a1 and the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG of 50 mm to 200 mm. It was also found that the temperature of the molten glass MG in the upper space 121a is preferably 1400 ° C. to 1550 ° C., and the viscosity is preferably 2400 poise to 450 poise.
- the molten glass MG can be stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the first stirring tank 100a.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- a circulating flow 123b of the molten glass MG is formed in the upper space 121b.
- the circulating flow 123b preferably has such a speed that the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG does not wave.
- the inventors of the present application have an interval between the second blade 106b1 and the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG of 50 mm to 200 mm. It was also found that the temperature / viscosity of the molten glass MG in the upper space 121b is preferably 2400 poise / 1400 ° C. to 450 poise / 1550 ° C., respectively.
- the molten glass MG can be stirred sufficiently homogeneously in the second stirring tank 100b.
- the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 which concerns on this embodiment can suppress generation
- the first stirrer 102a has four stages of first blades 106a1 to 106a4 installed on the first shaft 105a
- the second stirrer 102b has five stages of second blades 106b1 to 106b5 on the second shaft 105b.
- the number of stages of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 and the second blades 106b1 to 106b5 is set as long as the flow direction of the molten glass MG is ensured, the size of the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b is large.
- the length may be determined appropriately in consideration of the length of the first shaft 105a and the second shaft 105b.
- the interval between two blades adjacent along the axial direction of the first shaft 105a and the second shaft 105b is also determined appropriately in consideration of the size of the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b. Also good.
- the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 are composed of two first support plates 108a, but may be composed of three or more first support plates 108a.
- the second blades 106b1 to 106b5 are composed of two second support plates 108b, but may be composed of three or more second support plates 108b.
- FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of a first blade 206 having three first support plates 208. Note that this modification can also be applied to the second blades 106b1 to 106b5 of the second stirrer 102b.
- the first stirrer 102a includes the first blades 106a1 to 106a4.
- the first support plate 108a of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 may have a through hole 112a formed on the main surface thereof.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of the first blades 106a1 and 106a3 having the through holes 112a.
- the first stirrer 102a rotates about the first shaft 105a as a rotation axis, a part of the molten glass MG can pass through the through hole 112a.
- the second discharge pipe 110b is configured such that the upper end of the opening on the side surface of the second chamber 101b is located above the liquid level of the molten glass MG, and the lower end of the opening is below the liquid level of the molten glass MG. It is installed to be located in. However, the second discharge pipe 110b may be installed such that the liquid level of the molten glass MG is located above the upper end of the opening on the side surface of the second chamber 101b. Specifically, a component having a small specific gravity existing in the vicinity of the liquid level LL of the molten glass MG in the first chamber 101a can flow into the second chamber 101b through the connecting pipe 107 at a height position. The 2nd discharge pipe 110b should just be installed.
- the molten glass MG used in the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 is alkali-free glass or fine alkali glass, and the molten glass MG is stirred in the temperature range of 1400 ° C. to 1550 ° C. in the stirring device 100.
- the molten glass MG used in the glass manufacturing apparatus 200 may be a molten glass to which a larger amount of alkali component is added than the molten glass MG used in the present embodiment. In this case, the molten glass is stirred in the temperature range of 1300 ° C. to 1400 ° C. in the stirring device 100.
- each of the first blades 106a1 to 106a4 is provided so that two first support plates 108a are orthogonal to the axial direction of the first shaft 105a.
- the first support plate 108a may be attached to the first shaft 105a while being inclined with respect to a plane orthogonal to the axial direction of the first shaft 105a. Note that this modification can also be applied to the second blades 106b1 to 106b5 of the second stirrer 102b.
- the first shaft 105a is arranged so that the rotation axis thereof coincides with the cylindrical central axis of the first chamber 101a.
- the first shaft 105a may be disposed such that the rotation axis thereof is separated from the cylindrical central axis of the first chamber 101a.
- the second stirrer 102b has the same size as the first stirrer 102a, but may have a different size from the first stirrer 102a.
- the second stirrer 102b may have a smaller size than the first stirrer 102a.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係るガラスの製造方法、および、攪拌装置を用いるガラス製造装置の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係るガラス製造装置200の構成の一例を示す模式図である。ガラス製造装置200は、溶解槽40と、清澄槽41と、攪拌装置100と、成形装置42と、これらをそれぞれ連通する導管43a,43b,43cとを備えている。溶解槽40により生成された溶融ガラスMGは、導管43aを通過して清澄槽41に流入し、清澄槽41により清澄された溶融ガラスMGは、導管43bを通過して攪拌装置100に流入し、攪拌装置100により均質に攪拌された溶融ガラスMGは、導管43cを通過して成形装置42に流入し、成形装置42によりダウンドロー法を用いて溶融ガラスMGからガラスリボンGRが成形される。
Al2O3 15質量%~19質量%
B2O3 8質量%~13質量%
MgO 1質量%~3質量%
CaO 4質量%~7質量%
SrO 1質量%~4質量%
BaO 0質量%~2質量%
Na2O 0質量%~1質量%
K2O 0質量%~1質量%
As2O3 0質量%~1質量%
Sb2O3 0質量%~1質量%
SnO2 0質量%~1質量%
Fe2O3 0質量%~1質量%
ZrO2 0質量%~1質量%
ここで、「実質的に」とは、0.1質量%未満の範囲で、微量成分の存在を許容する趣旨である。従って、上記の組成を有するガラスは、0.1質量%未満の範囲で、その他の微量成分の混入を許容する。また、上記の組成中のFe2O3,As2O3,Sb2O3およびSnO2の各含有率は、複数の価数を有するFe,As,SbまたはSnの成分を全てFe2O3,As2O3,Sb2O3またはSnO2として扱って換算した値である。
図2は、攪拌装置100の側面図である。攪拌装置100は、主として、第1攪拌槽100aと、第2攪拌槽100bとから構成されている。第1攪拌槽100aは、主として、第1チャンバー101aと、第1チャンバー101a内に収納される第1攪拌器102aとから構成されている。第2攪拌槽100bは、主として、第2チャンバー101bと、第2チャンバー101b内に収納される第2攪拌器102bとから構成されている。図3は、第1攪拌器102aの斜視図であり、図4は、第2攪拌器102bの斜視図である。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100の動作について説明する。図9は、攪拌装置100内における溶融ガラスMGの流れを表す図である。清澄槽41により清澄された溶融ガラスMGは、第1攪拌槽100aおよび第2攪拌槽100bを通過することで均質に攪拌されて、成形装置42に送られる。攪拌装置100において、溶融ガラスMGは、第1攪拌槽100aの第1チャンバー101aの内部と、第2攪拌槽100bの第2チャンバー101bの内部を所定の高さ位置まで満たしている。本実施形態では、第1チャンバー101a、接続管107および第2チャンバー101b内における溶融ガラスMGの液面LLは、ほぼ同じ高さ位置にある。すなわち、図9に示されるように、溶融ガラスMGの液面LLの高さ位置は、接続管107の上端よりも低い位置にある。そのため、第1チャンバー101aおよび第2チャンバー101b内における溶融ガラスMGの液面LLより上方の空間は、接続管107を介して互いに連通している。
第1攪拌槽100aの第1チャンバー101a内には、上流側導管103から溶融ガラスMGが横方向に流入される。第1チャンバー101a内において、溶融ガラスMGは、下方から上方に導かれながら、第1攪拌器102aにより攪拌される。攪拌された溶融ガラスMGは、第1チャンバー101a内から接続管107へ水平方向に流出される。
第2攪拌槽100bの第2チャンバー101b内には、接続管107から溶融ガラスMGが水平方向に流入される。第2チャンバー101b内において、溶融ガラスMGは、上方から下方に導かれながら、第2攪拌器102bにより攪拌される。攪拌された溶融ガラスMGは、第2チャンバー101b内から下流側導管104へ横方向に流出される。
(4-1)
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100では、上流側導管103から第1攪拌槽100aの第1チャンバー101a内に流入した溶融ガラスMGは、第1攪拌器102aの軸回転によって、隣接する2つの第1羽根106a1~106a4の間において、第1チャンバー101aの内壁側から第1シャフト105a側へ掻き込まれ、または、第1シャフト105a側から第1チャンバー101aの内壁側へと押し出される。そして、第1シャフト105aの半径方向の溶融ガラスMGの流れ方向は、第1チャンバー101a内を下方から上方に向かうに従って、段ごとに反対方向に入れ替わる。すなわち、溶融ガラスMGは、第1チャンバー101a内を下方から上方に徐々に導かれながら、第1シャフト105aの半径方向に移動させられることによって効果的に攪拌される。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100では、図9に示されるように、第1攪拌槽100aの第1チャンバー101aの底面に、第1排出管110aが取り付けられている。第1排出管110aは、第1チャンバー101a内の下部空間122aから、溶融ガラスMGを排出するために用いられる。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100では、図9に示されるように、第2攪拌槽100bの第2チャンバー101b内の溶融ガラスMGの液面LLの近傍の高さ位置に、第2排出管110bが取り付けられている。第2排出管110bは、第2チャンバー101b内の溶融ガラスMGの液面LLから溶融ガラスMGを排出するために用いられる。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100の第1攪拌槽100aでは、第1攪拌器102aの最下段に位置する第1羽根106a4と第1チャンバー101aの底面との間の下部空間122aにおいて、溶融ガラスMGは、図9の矢印124aで示されるように、第1チャンバー101aの内壁から第1シャフト105aへ向かって流れる。この溶融ガラスMGの流れ方向は、上流側導管103から第1チャンバー101a内への溶融ガラスMGの流入を促進する流れ方向である。また、第1羽根106a4と、第1羽根106a4の一段上に位置する第1羽根106a3との間において、溶融ガラスMGは、第1シャフト105aから第1チャンバー101aの内壁へ向かって流れる。この溶融ガラスMGの流れ方向は、上流側導管103から第1チャンバー101a内への溶融ガラスMGの流入を抑制する流れ方向である。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100の第2攪拌槽100bでは、第2攪拌器102bの最下段に位置する第2羽根106b5と第2チャンバー101bの底面との間の下部空間122bにおいて、溶融ガラスMGは、図9の矢印124bで示されるように、第2シャフト105bから第2チャンバー101bの内壁へ向かって流れる。この溶融ガラスMGの流れ方向は、第2チャンバー101b内から下流側導管104への溶融ガラスMGの流出を促進する流れ方向である。また、第2羽根106b5と、第2羽根106b5の一段上に位置する第2羽根106b4との間において、溶融ガラスMGは、第2チャンバー101bの内壁から第2シャフト105bへ向かって流れる。この溶融ガラスMGの流れ方向は、第2チャンバー101b内から下流側導管104への溶融ガラスMGの流出を抑制する流れ方向である。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100では、第1攪拌槽100aの第1チャンバー101a内の、最上段に位置する第1羽根106a1と溶融ガラスMGの液面LLとの間の上部空間121aにおいて、第1シャフト105aの周囲で溶融ガラスMGが上昇する流れが形成され、かつ、第1チャンバー101aの内壁に沿って溶融ガラスMGが下降する流れが形成される。これにより、溶融ガラスMGが上部空間121aを通ることなく接続管107に流出してしまうことが抑制され、かつ、溶融ガラスMGが上部空間121aで攪拌されることなく滞留してしまうことが抑制される。また、第1シャフト105aの周囲で溶融ガラスMGが下降する流れが形成されて、第1シャフト105aの周囲で溶融ガラスMGが下方に引き込まれることが抑制される。そのため、溶融ガラスMGの液面LLまたは液面LL近傍に存在する比重が小さい成分が、第1シャフト105a回りにおいて溶融ガラスMGの液面LLから下方に引き込まれてしまうことが抑制される。
本実施形態に係る攪拌装置100では、第2攪拌槽100bの第2チャンバー101b内の、最上段に位置する第2羽根106b1と溶融ガラスMGの液面LLとの間の上部空間121bにおいて、第2シャフト105bの周囲で溶融ガラスMGが上昇する流れが形成され、かつ、第2チャンバー101bの内壁に沿って溶融ガラスMGが下降する流れが形成される。これにより、溶融ガラスMGが上部空間121bで攪拌されることなく滞留してしまうことが抑制される。また、第2シャフト105bの周囲で溶融ガラスMGが下降する流れが形成されて、第2シャフト105bの周囲で溶融ガラスMGが下方に引き込まれることが抑制される。そのため、溶融ガラスMGの液面LLまたは液面LL近傍に存在する比重が小さい成分が、第2シャフト105b回りにおいて溶融ガラスMGの液面LLから下方に引き込まれて、十分に攪拌されることなく下流側導管104に流出してしまうことが抑制される。
(5-1)変形例A
本実施形態では、第1攪拌器102aは、第1シャフト105aに第1羽根106a1~106a4が4段設置され、第2攪拌器102bは、第2シャフト105bに第2羽根106b1~106b5が5段設置されているが、第1羽根106a1~106a4および第2羽根106b1~106b5の段数は、上述した溶融ガラスMGの流れ方向が確保されるのであれば、第1チャンバー101aおよび第2チャンバー101bの大きさや、第1シャフト105aおよび第2シャフト105bの長さ等を考慮して適宜に決定してもよい。また、第1シャフト105aおよび第2シャフト105bの軸方向に沿って隣接する2枚の羽根同士の間隔も、第1チャンバー101aおよび第2チャンバー101bの大きさ等を考慮して適宜に決定してもよい。
本実施形態では、第1羽根106a1~106a4は、2枚の第1支持板108aから構成されているが、3枚以上の第1支持板108aから構成されてもよい。また、第2羽根106b1~106b5は、2枚の第2支持板108bから構成されているが、3枚以上の第2支持板108bから構成されてもよい。例として、図10に、3枚の第1支持板208を有する第1羽根206の斜視図を示す。なお、本変形例は、第2攪拌器102bの第2羽根106b1~106b5に対しても、適用可能である。
本実施形態では、第1攪拌器102aは、第1羽根106a1~106a4を有するが、第1羽根106a1~106a4の第1支持板108aは、その主面に貫通孔112aが形成されてもよい。図11は、貫通孔112aを有する第1羽根106a1,106a3の平面図である。本変形例では、第1シャフト105aを回転軸として第1攪拌器102aが回転した場合に、溶融ガラスMGの一部は貫通孔112aを通過することができる。溶融ガラスMGの一部が貫通孔112aを通過することにより、溶融ガラスMGに上方または下方へ向かう流れが生じる。その結果、第1チャンバー101a内の溶融ガラスMGには、第1補助板による第1シャフト105aの半径方向の流れ、および、第1支持板108aの傾斜による第1シャフト105aの軸方向の流れに加えて、貫通孔112aによる第1シャフト105aの軸方向の流れが生じる。これにより、第1チャンバー101a内において、溶融ガラスMGにより複雑な流れが生じるので、高い攪拌効果を得ることができる。また、貫通孔112aによって、第1攪拌器102aの回転時に第1羽根106a1~106a4が溶融ガラスMGから受ける抵抗が小さくなるので、より少ない動力で目的の流れを溶融ガラスMGに生じさせることができる。なお、本変形例は、第2攪拌器102bの第2羽根106b1~106b5に対しても、適用可能である。
本実施形態では、第2排出管110bは、第2チャンバー101b側面の開口部の上端が溶融ガラスMGの液面より上方に位置し、かつ、開口部の下端が溶融ガラスMGの液面より下方に位置するように設置されている。しかし、第2排出管110bは、第2チャンバー101b側面の開口部の上端よりも溶融ガラスMGの液面が上方に位置するように設置されてもよい。具体的には、第1チャンバー101a内の溶融ガラスMGの液面LL近傍に存在する比重の小さい成分が、接続管107を通って第2チャンバー101b内に流入することができる高さ位置に、第2排出管110bが設置されていればよい。
本実施形態では、ガラス製造装置200で用いられる溶融ガラスMGは、無アルカリガラスまたは微アルカリガラスであり、攪拌装置100において、溶融ガラスMGは1400℃~1550℃の温度範囲で攪拌される。しかし、ガラス製造装置200で用いられる溶融ガラスMGは、本実施形態で使用される溶融ガラスMGよりも多量のアルカリ成分が添加された溶融ガラスであってもよい。この場合、攪拌装置100において、溶融ガラスは1300℃~1400℃の温度範囲で攪拌される。
本実施形態では、各第1羽根106a1~106a4は、2枚の第1支持板108aが、第1シャフト105aの軸方向に対して直交するように設けられている。しかし、第1支持板108aは、第1シャフト105aの軸方向に直交する平面に対して傾斜した状態で、第1シャフト105aに取り付けられてもよい。なお、本変形例は、第2攪拌器102bの第2羽根106b1~106b5に対しても、適用可能である。
本実施形態では、第1シャフト105aは、その回転軸が第1チャンバー101aの円筒形状の中心軸と一致するように配置されている。しかし、第1シャフト105aは、その回転軸が第1チャンバー101aの円筒形状の中心軸から離間するように配置されてもよい。
本実施形態では、第2攪拌器102bは、第1攪拌器102aと同じサイズを有するが、第1攪拌器102aと異なるサイズを有してもよい。例えば、第2攪拌器102bは、第1攪拌器102aよりも小さいサイズを有してもよい。
41 清澄槽
42 成形装置
43a~43c 導管
100 攪拌装置
100a 第1攪拌槽
100b 第2攪拌槽
101a 第1チャンバー
101b 第2チャンバー
102a 第1攪拌器
102b 第2攪拌器
103 上流側導管
104 下流側導管
105a 第1シャフト
105b 第2シャフト
106a1~106a4 第1羽根
106b1~106b5 第2羽根
107 接続管
108a 第1支持板
108b 第2支持板
109a1 第1上側補助板
109a2 第1下側補助板
109b1 第2上側補助板
109b2 第2下側補助板
109e1 内側端部
109e2 外側端部
110a 第1排出管
110b 第2排出管
111a 直線
112a 貫通孔
113a 中心点
121a,121b 上部空間
122a,122b 下部空間
123a,123b 溶融ガラスの循環流
124a,124b 溶融ガラスの流れ
200 ガラス製造装置
MG 溶融ガラス
LL 溶融ガラスの液面
GR ガラスリボン
Claims (10)
- ガラス原料を溶融して溶融ガラスを得る溶融工程と、前記溶融工程で得られた前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する攪拌工程と、前記攪拌工程で攪拌された前記溶融ガラスからガラスを成形する成形工程と、を備えるガラスの製造方法であって、
前記攪拌工程は、第1攪拌槽の内部において、前記溶融ガラスを下方から上方へと導きながら攪拌する第1攪拌工程と、第2攪拌槽の内部において、前記第1攪拌工程で攪拌された前記溶融ガラスを上方から下方へと導きながら攪拌する第2攪拌工程とからなり、
前記第1攪拌槽は、第1チャンバーと、前記第1チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する第1攪拌器と、前記第1チャンバーの底部から前記溶融ガラスを排出可能な第1排出管とを備え、
前記第2攪拌槽は、第2チャンバーと、前記第2チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する第2攪拌器と、前記第2チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスの液面から前記溶融ガラスを排出可能な第2排出管とを備え、
前記第1攪拌槽の上方側部は、前記第2攪拌槽の上方側部と接続管によって接続され、
前記溶融ガラスは、前記接続管を介して前記第1攪拌槽から前記第2攪拌槽に移送される、
ガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1攪拌器は、鉛直方向に沿って配置される回転軸である第1シャフトと、前記第1シャフトの側面に接続され、かつ、前記第1シャフトの軸方向に沿って最上段から最下段まで複数段配置される第1羽根とを有し、
前記第1羽根は、前記第1シャフトに対して直交するように設けられる第1支持板と、前記第1支持板の主面上に設置される第1補助板とを有し、
前記第2攪拌器は、鉛直方向に沿って配置される回転軸である第2シャフトと、前記第2シャフトの側面に接続され、かつ、前記第2シャフトの軸方向に沿って最上段から最下段まで複数段配置される第2羽根を有し、
前記第2羽根は、前記第2シャフトに対して直交するように設けられる第2支持板と、前記第2支持板の主面上に設置される第2補助板とを有し、
前記第1攪拌工程では、前記第1シャフトを回転軸として前記第1攪拌器が回転することによって、前記第1補助板は、前記第1シャフトの半径方向への流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、
前記第2攪拌工程では、前記第2シャフトを回転軸として前記第2攪拌器が回転することによって、前記第2補助板は、前記第2シャフトの半径方向への流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせる、
請求項1に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1攪拌工程では、隣接する2つの段に配置される前記第1羽根の前記第1支持板の間に位置する前記第1補助板は、同じ方向の流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、
前記第2攪拌工程では、隣接する2つの段に配置される前記第2羽根の前記第2支持板の間に位置する前記第2補助板は、同じ方向の流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせる、
請求項2に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1攪拌工程では、最上段に位置する前記第1羽根の前記第1支持板の上方の主面上に設置された前記第1補助板は、最上段に位置する前記第1羽根の前記第1支持板の上方において、前記第1チャンバーの内壁から前記第1シャフトに向かって前記溶融ガラスを移動させる第1の流れを生じさせ、かつ、前記第1の流れによって移動した前記溶融ガラスを前記シャフトの側面に沿って上昇させる第2の流れを生じさせ、
前記第2攪拌工程では、最上段に位置する前記第2羽根の前記第2支持板の上方の主面上に設置された前記第2補助板は、最上段に位置する前記第2羽根の前記第2支持板の上方において、前記第2チャンバーの内壁から前記第2シャフトに向かって前記溶融ガラスを移動させる第3の流れを生じさせ、かつ、前記第3の流れによって移動した前記溶融ガラスを前記シャフトの側面に沿って上昇させる第4の流れを生じさせる、
請求項2または3に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1チャンバーは、最下段に位置する前記第1羽根の高さ位置の近傍において、前記溶融ガラスを前記第1チャンバー内に水平方向に流入させる流入口を有し、
前記第2チャンバーは、最下段に位置する前記第2羽根の高さ位置の近傍において、前記溶融ガラスを前記第2チャンバー内から水平方向に流出させる流出口を有する、
請求項2から4のいずれか1項に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1攪拌工程では、前記第1シャフトを回転軸として前記第1攪拌器が回転することによって、それぞれの前記第1羽根において、前記第1支持板の上方の主面上に設置される前記第1補助板および前記第1支持板の下方の主面上に設置される前記第1補助板のうち、一方の前記第1補助板は、前記第1チャンバーの内壁から前記第1シャフトに向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、他方の前記第1補助板は、前記第1シャフトから前記第1チャンバーの内壁に向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、
前記第2攪拌工程では、前記第2シャフトを回転軸として前記第2攪拌器が回転することによって、それぞれの前記第2羽根において、前記第2支持板の上方の主面上に設置される前記第2補助板および前記第2支持板の下方の主面上に設置される前記第2補助板のうち、一方の前記第2補助板は、前記第2チャンバーの内壁から前記第2シャフトに向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、他方の前記第2補助板は、前記第2シャフトから前記第2チャンバーの内壁に向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせる、
請求項2から5のいずれか1項に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1攪拌工程では、前記第1補助板は、最下段に位置する前記第1羽根と、前記第1チャンバーの底面との間において、前記第1チャンバーの内壁から前記第1シャフトに向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、かつ、最下段に位置する前記第1羽根と、最下段の一段上の段に位置する前記第1羽根との間において、前記第1シャフトから前記第1チャンバーの内壁に向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、
前記第2攪拌工程では、前記第2補助板は、最下段に位置する前記第2羽根と、前記第2チャンバーの底面との間において、前記第2シャフトから前記第2チャンバーの内壁に向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、かつ、最下段に位置する前記第2羽根と、最下段の一段上の段に位置する前記第2羽根との間において、前記第2チャンバーの内壁から前記第2シャフトに向かう流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせる、
請求項6に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - 前記第1羽根は、主面の法線が前記第1シャフトの伸長方向に沿うように前記第1シャフトに接続される複数の前記第1支持板と、それぞれの前記第1支持板の上方の主面上および下方の主面上に設置される前記第1補助板とを有し、
前記第2羽根は、主面の法線が前記第2シャフトの伸長方向に沿うように前記第2シャフトに接続される複数の前記第2支持板と、それぞれの前記第2支持板の上方の主面上および下方の主面上に設置される前記第2補助板とを有する、
請求項2から7のいずれか1項に記載のガラスの製造方法。 - ガラス原料を溶融して溶融ガラスを得る溶融工程と、前記溶融工程で得られた前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する攪拌工程と、前記攪拌工程で攪拌された前記溶融ガラスからガラスを成形する成形工程と、を備えるガラスの製造方法であって、
前記攪拌工程は、第1攪拌槽の内部において、前記溶融ガラスを下方から上方へと導きながら攪拌する第1攪拌工程と、第2攪拌槽の内部において、前記第1攪拌工程で攪拌された前記溶融ガラスを上方から下方へと導きながら攪拌する第2攪拌工程とからなり、
前記第1攪拌槽は、第1チャンバーと、前記第1チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する第1攪拌器と、前記第1チャンバーの底部から前記溶融ガラスを排出可能な第1排出管とを備え、
前記第2攪拌槽は、第2チャンバーと、前記第2チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する第2攪拌器と、前記第2チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスの液面から前記溶融ガラスを排出可能な第2排出管とを備え、
前記第1攪拌槽の上方側部は、前記第2攪拌槽の上方側部と接続管によって接続され、
前記溶融ガラスは、前記接続管を介して前記第1攪拌槽から前記第2攪拌槽に移送され、
前記第2攪拌工程では、前記第2シャフトを回転軸として前記第2攪拌器が回転することによって、前記第2補助板は、前記第2シャフトの半径方向への流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、かつ、隣接する2つの段に配置される前記第2羽根の前記第2支持板の間に位置する前記第2補助板は、同じ方向の流れを前記溶融ガラスに生じさせ、
前記第2攪拌工程では、最上段に位置する前記第2羽根の前記第2支持板の上方の主面上に設置された前記第2補助板は、最上段に位置する前記第2羽根の前記第2支持板の上方において、前記第2チャンバーの内壁から前記第2シャフトに向かって前記溶融ガラスを移動させる第1の流れを生じさせ、かつ、前記第1の流れによって移動した前記溶融ガラスを前記シャフトの側面に沿って上昇させる第2の流れを生じさせる、
ガラスの製造方法。 - 溶融ガラスを攪拌するための攪拌装置であって、
第1チャンバーと、前記第1チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する第1攪拌器と、前記第1チャンバーの底部から前記溶融ガラスを排出可能な第1排出管とを有する第1攪拌槽と、
第2チャンバーと、前記第2チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスを攪拌する第2攪拌器と、前記第2チャンバー内の前記溶融ガラスの液面から前記溶融ガラスを排出可能な第2排出管とを有する第2攪拌槽と、
前記第1攪拌槽の上方側部と前記第2攪拌槽の上方側部とを接続し、前記第1攪拌槽から前記第2攪拌槽に前記溶融ガラスを移送するための接続管と、
を備え、
前記第1攪拌槽は、内部において、前記溶融ガラスを下方から上方へと導きながら攪拌し、
前記第2攪拌槽は、内部において、前記第1攪拌器によって攪拌された前記溶融ガラスを上方から下方へと導きながら攪拌する、
攪拌装置。
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TW201819318A (zh) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-06-01 | 美商康寧公司 | 用於形成玻璃帶的玻璃製造設備及方法 |
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KR102612688B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-25 | 2023-12-12 | 니폰 덴키 가라스 가부시키가이샤 | 유리 물품의 제조 방법 |
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EP2626334B1 (en) | 2019-01-16 |
EP2626334A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
CN103221347A (zh) | 2013-07-24 |
EP2626334A4 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
US8616025B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
JPWO2013073059A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
JP5246568B1 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
CN103221347B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
KR101291949B1 (ko) | 2013-07-31 |
TW201321323A (zh) | 2013-06-01 |
US20130125591A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
KR20130067240A (ko) | 2013-06-21 |
TWI452023B (zh) | 2014-09-11 |
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