WO2014171260A1 - 燃料電池の製造方法及び製造装置 - Google Patents
燃料電池の製造方法及び製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014171260A1 WO2014171260A1 PCT/JP2014/057900 JP2014057900W WO2014171260A1 WO 2014171260 A1 WO2014171260 A1 WO 2014171260A1 JP 2014057900 W JP2014057900 W JP 2014057900W WO 2014171260 A1 WO2014171260 A1 WO 2014171260A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- pressing
- cell module
- load
- fuel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/248—Means for compression of the fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a fuel cell.
- a fuel cell is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cell modules in which a predetermined number of fuel cells are stacked to form a stack, covering the side of the stack with a casing, placing plates on both ends in the stacking direction, and fastening with bolts or the like It is obtained by doing.
- the fuel cells constituting the fuel cell module are sealed between the fuel cells and between the fuel cell modules so that the fuel, the oxidant, and the cooling water flowing through the laminated body do not leak.
- the central portion is a portion where fuel gas or oxidant flows and power generation occurs, and a seal member cannot be provided at that portion, so the seal member is placed on the outer periphery of the fuel cell module.
- the thickness in the stacking direction of the modules is not uniform between the outer peripheral portion where the seal member is provided and the central portion where the seal member is not provided. There is a case. If there is a difference between the thickness of the central portion and the thickness of the outer peripheral portion of the module, the sealing member may not be sufficiently compressed, so that good sealing performance may not be obtained. For this reason, it is desirable that the thickness of the module be uniform between the central portion and the outer peripheral portion.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus that can secure the compression amount of the seal member disposed in the fuel cell module. .
- the present invention for achieving the above object is a method of manufacturing a fuel cell having a fuel cell module in which a plurality of fuel cells each having a membrane electrode assembly sandwiched between a pair of separators are stacked.
- a seal member is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the opposing end surface between at least one fuel cell and another adjacent fuel cell, and the fuel cells are stacked to form a fuel.
- the thickness in the stacking direction of the fuel cell modules is controlled by controlling the load pressing the fuel cell module.
- the fuel cell manufacturing apparatus includes a seal member disposition portion that disposes a seal member on an outer peripheral portion of an end surface facing between at least one fuel cell and another adjacent fuel cell, and a seal.
- a stacking unit that stacks fuel cells arranged with members to form a fuel cell module, a pressing unit that presses the fuel cell module in the stacking direction of the fuel cells, and a control unit that controls at least the operation of the pressing unit; Have.
- the control unit controls the thickness of the fuel cell module in the stacking direction by controlling a load that presses the fuel cell module with the pressing unit.
- FIG. 1A is a time chart showing a method for manufacturing a fuel cell according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a fuel cell
- FIG. It is a flowchart shown in detail about a module manufacturing process.
- It is explanatory drawing which shows the sealing member arrangement
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the sealing member arrangement
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the press process of the laminated body. It is explanatory drawing which shows the time of forming the same laminated body (stacking).
- FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 8 showing the cell structure of the fuel cell
- FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 9A.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are the laminates. It is explanatory drawing which shows the time of forming (stacking).
- the fuel cell manufacturing method according to the present invention can be summarized as a module including a sealing member arranging step (see FIGS. 1A, 2 and 3) and a pressing step (see FIGS. 1A and 4). Manufacturing (see ST10 in the figure, FIG. 1 (B)), and an assembly process (see ST30 in FIG. 1 (B), FIG. 5 and FIG. 6) in which modules are stacked and fastened to form a stack. Have. Details will be described later.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the fuel cell according to the embodiment
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the fuel cell
- FIG. 9A is a line 9-9 in FIG. 8 showing the cell structure of the fuel cell
- 9B is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 9A
- FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the fuel cell module.
- a fuel cell 100 according to Embodiment 1 includes a membrane electrode assembly (Mebrane Electrode Assembly, hereinafter referred to as MEA) 31 in which an anode 31b and a cathode 31c are joined to both sides of an electrolyte membrane 31a.
- MEA Membrane Electrode Assembly
- the fuel cell 30 is sandwiched between a pair of separators 32a and 32b.
- the fuel cell 30 is configured as a fuel cell module 40 by stacking, for example, about 8 cells. Two or more fuel cell modules 40 are stacked to form a stacked body 50.
- the seal member 70 is disposed between the MEA 31 and the separator 32a, between the MEA 31 and the separator 32b, and between the adjacent separator 32a and the separator 32b, and a pressing load is applied.
- the present invention relates to a process for forming a seal portion.
- a seal member 80 is disposed between the fuel cell modules 40 in a state where the seal member 80 is adhered to the plate member 81.
- the thickness in the stacking direction of the laminated body 50 is controlled by controlling the load that presses the laminated body 50. is doing. Details will be described below.
- the fuel cell 100 is formed by stacking a predetermined number of unit battery cells (fuel cell) 30 that generate an electromotive force by a reaction between an anode gas such as hydrogen and a cathode gas such as oxygen.
- the fuel cell module 40 is formed, and a predetermined number of the fuel cell modules 40 are stacked to form a stacked body 50.
- the laminated body 50 is not an essential configuration and can be configured by one fuel cell module.
- a current collector plate 34, an insulating plate 35, and an end plate 36 are disposed at both ends of the laminate 50.
- the fuel battery cell 30 includes an MEA 31, separators 32 a and 32 b disposed on both surfaces of the MEA 31, and a frame 33.
- the separator disposed on the anode side of the MEA 31 is referred to as an anode separator 32a
- the separator disposed on the cathode side is referred to as a cathode separator 32b.
- the MEA 31 includes, for example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 31a that is a polymer electrolyte membrane that allows hydrogen ions to pass therethrough, an anode 31b, and a cathode 31c, as shown in FIG. 9A.
- the MEA 31 has a laminated structure in which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 31a is sandwiched from both sides by an anode 31b and a cathode 31c.
- the anode 31b has an electrode catalyst layer, a water repellent layer, and a gas diffusion layer, and is formed in a thin plate shape.
- the cathode 31c has an electrode catalyst layer, a water repellent layer, and a gas diffusion layer, and is configured in a thin plate shape like the anode 31b.
- the electrode catalyst layers of the anode 31b and the cathode 31c include an electrode catalyst in which a catalyst component is supported on a conductive carrier and a polymer electrolyte.
- the gas diffusion layers of the anode 31b and the cathode 31c are made of, for example, carbon paper or carbon felt.
- the separators 32a and 32b are formed by forming a thin conductive metal plate into a predetermined shape using a mold. As shown in FIG. 9A, the separators 32a and 32b have a wave shape (so-called corrugated shape) 32c in which convex portions and concave portions are alternately formed in an active region contributing to power generation (a central portion in contact with the MEA).
- a wave shape so-called corrugated shape
- an anode gas flow path 37a for circulating the anode gas is formed in a region on the contact side with the anode 21b.
- a cathode gas flow path 37b for flowing a cathode gas is formed in a region on the contact side with the cathode among the irregular shapes of the cathode separator 32b.
- the anode separator 32a has a cooling flow path 37c through which a cooling medium such as cooling water for cooling the fuel cell module 40 flows on the surface opposite to the side in contact with the anode 31b.
- the cathode separator 32b forms a cooling channel 37c through which a cooling medium such as cooling water for cooling the fuel cell module 40 flows on the surface opposite to the side in contact with the cathode 31c.
- the frame 33 is a rectangular plate member made of an electrically insulating resin or the like.
- the frame 33 holds the outer periphery of the MEA 31.
- the current collector plate 34 is joined to each end of the laminate 50.
- the current collector plate 34 is formed of a conductive member that does not allow gas to pass, such as dense carbon.
- the current collector plate 34 is formed with a protrusion 34a so that the power collected by the current collector plate 34 can be taken out to the outside.
- the insulating plate 35 is formed in a rectangular plate shape, and is disposed at both ends of the laminated body 50 to insulate the current collector plate 34.
- the end plate 36 is made of metal, for example, and carries a pair of insulating plates 35 in a state of being biased from both sides.
- the separators 32a and 32b, the frame 33, the current collector plate 34, the insulating plate 35, the end plate 36, and the plate member 81 to be described later are formed in a rectangular plate shape, and at one end in the longitudinal direction, a cathode gas supply port 38a,
- the medium supply port 38b and the anode gas supply port 38c are formed by through holes, and the anode gas discharge port 38d, the medium discharge port 38e, and the cathode gas discharge port 38f are formed by through holes at the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- the tension plates 39a and 39b are flat members that cover the side surface corresponding to the long side of the fuel cell 30 among the side surfaces in the stacking direction of the fuel cell 30. Flange portions are provided at both ends of the tension plates 39a, 39b in the cell stacking direction, and the fuel cell 30 is pressurized by being fastened to the end plate 36 with bolts 43 or the like from both ends.
- the tension guides 39c and 39d are members having a U-shaped cross section attached to a surface orthogonal to the tension plates 39a and 39b.
- the tension guides 39c and 39d are attached to the side surface corresponding to the short side of the fuel cell 30 in FIGS. 5 and 6, thereby preventing the displacement of the fuel cell 30 in the horizontal direction.
- the seal member 70 is disposed between the MEA 31 and the anode separator 32a, between the MEA 31 and the cathode separator 32b, and between the adjacent anode separator 32a and the cathode separator 32b.
- the material of the sealing member 70 is not specifically limited, For example, a thermosetting resin can be mentioned.
- the plate member 81 is disposed between the adjacent fuel cell modules 40. Seal members 80 are provided on the outer peripheral portions of both surfaces of the plate member 81. Although the material of the sealing member 80 is not specifically limited, Elastic members, such as rubber
- Sealing member 70 seals between MEA 31 and anode separator 32a through which fuel flows in fuel cell module 40, between MEA 31 and cathode separator 32b through which an oxidizing agent flows, and between separator 32a and separator 32b through which a cooling medium flows. Is done. Further, the sealing member 80 is disposed between the fuel cell modules 40, whereby the cooling medium flowing between the fuel cell modules 40 is sealed. In this specification, the seal member 70 is disposed between the MEA 31 and the anode separator 32a constituting the fuel cell module 40 and between the MEA 31 and the cathode separator 32b, and between the adjacent fuel cell modules 40.
- the arrangement of the seal member 80 corresponds to the arrangement of the seal member on the outer peripheral portion of the end surface facing between adjacent fuel cells. Further, the arrangement of the seal member is not limited to FIG. 9A, and as shown in FIG. 9B, the seal member 70 is arranged between the frame bodies 33 of the adjacent MEAs 31, thereby providing fuel, oxidant, And the cooling medium can be sealed. This is because the fuel, the oxidant, and the cooling medium that flow inside the fuel cell module can be sealed even if the seal member 70 is disposed as shown in FIG. 9B.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view showing an assembly apparatus for a laminate according to Embodiment 1
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a state in which the fuel cell module is held by a jig.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory view showing a case where the laminated body is pressed by a pressing portion and a case where the stacked body is not pressed.
- 14 and 15 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the formation of the seal portion by pressing the fuel cell module.
- the assembly apparatus 200 of the laminated body 50 includes a fuel cell module 40 and a laminated body obtained by laminating an application unit 20 (corresponding to a sealing member arrangement unit) that applies the sealing member 70, an MEA 31, separators 32a and 32b, and a plate member 81. 50, a pressing unit 10 that presses the fuel cell module 40 from the stacking direction of the fuel cells 30, and a control unit 60 that controls at least the operation of the pressing unit 10. (See FIGS. 2 to 4 and FIG. 11).
- the pressing unit 10 approaches and separates in the stacking direction of the stacked body 50, and receives the stacked body 50 that places the stacked body 50 and presses the stacked body 50 and presses the stacked body 50. And a jig 12.
- the pressing unit 10 includes an elastic member 13 (corresponding to a buffer member) connected to the pressing jig 11, a detection unit 14 that detects a pressing load applied by the pressing jig 11, the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig. It has the holding
- the pressing jig 11 moves close to and away from the receiving jig 12 in conjunction with the movement of the pressing member 16 that generates a force for moving the pressing jig 11 toward the jig 12.
- the pressing jig 11 has an area sufficiently larger than the area of the laminated body 50 when the laminated body 50 is viewed in plan, and in the first embodiment, the pressing surface is formed flat.
- the receiving jig 12 has the MEA 31 and the separators 32a and 32b placed thereon, the placing surface is formed flat, and has the same area as the pressing surface of the pushing jig 11. Further, insertion holes through which connecting bolts 17 for positioning the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig 12 are inserted are formed at the four corners of the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig 12.
- the holding portion 15 is fastened to a connecting bolt 17 that connects the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig 12 by inserting them through insertion holes provided in the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig 12, and a screw portion of the connecting bolt 17. And a nut 18 to be operated.
- a connecting bolt 17 that connects the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig 12 by inserting them through insertion holes provided in the pressing jig 11 and the receiving jig 12, and a screw portion of the connecting bolt 17.
- a nut 18 to be operated.
- the elastic member 13 prevents the laminate 50 from being cracked or the like due to a sudden excessive input to the laminate 50 when the laminate 50 is pressed with a predetermined load.
- the seal member 70 contracts and the load applied to the laminate 50 varies.
- the seal member 70 is provided. It is possible to relieve the load change due to the temperature change and prevent the laminate 50 from being damaged due to the stress concentration.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing a modification of the jig structure in the laminate assembly apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the elastic member 13 is configured by a coil spring as shown in FIG. 4 and the like, but may be configured by a leaf spring 13a as shown in FIG.
- a configuration such as a coil spring or a leaf spring, it is possible to form a seal portion by the seal members 70 and 80 without damaging the laminated body 50 while having a simple configuration.
- the detection unit 14 is a member that detects a pressing load by which the pressing jig 11 presses the stacked body 50, and in the present embodiment, a load cell is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the separators 32a and 32b constituting the MEA 31 in the fuel battery cell 30 have a so-called corrugated so-called wave shape 32c as described above.
- the central portion 41 shown in FIG. 10 corresponds to the power generation portion. Therefore, the seal member 70 cannot be applied, and the seal member 70 is applied only to the outer peripheral portion 42. Therefore, if a load is applied when the seal member 70 is cured, stress tends to concentrate on the boundary between the outer peripheral portion 42 where the seal member 70 is applied and the central portion 41 where the seal member 70 is not applied.
- the load is absorbed in the wave shape 32c similarly to the elastic member 13, and stress is concentrated on the boundary between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42. It is possible to prevent the laminated body 50 from being damaged, and to enable the thickness management of the laminated body 50 by the pressing load.
- the coating unit 20 includes a coating machine 21, an arm 22 that moves the coating machine 21 in a certain direction, and a rail 23 that moves the arm 22 in a direction that intersects the direction in which the coating machine 21 moves.
- the application machine 21 may be, for example, an injection type having a gun shape, but is not limited thereto.
- the arm 22 attaches the applicator 21 so as to be movable, and moves the applicator 21 to position the applicator 21 at a predetermined position of the MEA 31 and the separators 32a and 32b constituting the laminate 50.
- the movement of the applicator 21 can be realized by, for example, providing the applicator 21 with a rotatable roller and providing the arm 22 with an arm rail serving as a roller path of the applicator 21, but is not limited thereto.
- the rail 23 is installed, for example, on the side wall of the assembling apparatus 200 and is arranged in a direction different from the moving direction of the coating machine 21 as a path that enables the arm 22 to move.
- the applicator 21 and the arm 22 are moved, the applicator 21 is arranged at a predetermined position in the MEA 31 and the separators 32a and 32b by combining the moving direction of the applicator 21 and the moving direction of the arm 22, and a seal member. 70 can be applied.
- the movement of the arm 22 can also be realized by providing a rotatable arm roller on the arm 22 and moving the rail 23 by the arm roller, but is not limited thereto.
- the stacking unit 90 is configured by a hand robot on which the MEA 31, separators 32 a and 32 b, and the plate member 81 that configure the stacked body 50 are placed.
- the stacking operation can be performed manually.
- the control unit 60 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an input / output interface, and the like, and controls the operations of the pressing unit 10, the coating unit 20, and the stacking unit 50, but controls only the operation of the pressing unit 10. Can be configured.
- the assembling apparatus 300 that forms the laminated body includes a support base 110, a reference base 120 (corresponding to a clamping member), columns 131 and 132, a column interval adjusting jig 150, reference side columns 161 and 162, and a control. Part 180, load application member 310 (corresponding to a clamping member), and pressing member 320 (corresponding to a clamping member).
- the reference table 120 is installed on the support table 110, and fuel cell components such as the fuel cell module 40 and the plate member 81 are stacked on the reference table 120. The components of the fuel cell to be stacked are positioned and aligned by inserting columns 131 and 132 at the position of the medium supply port or the medium discharge port.
- the reference side columns 161 and 162 have the column interval adjusting jig 150 placed thereon.
- the column interval adjusting jig 150 adjusts the interval between the columns 131 and 132.
- the load applying member 310 and the pressing member 320 are controlled by the control unit 180 and sandwich the fuel cell components together with the reference table 120 in a state where the stacked body 50, the current collector plate 34, the insulating plate 35, and the end plate 36 are stacked. Applying a pressing load. In this state, the tension plates 39a and 39b and the tension guides 39c and 39d are attached and bolted to complete the fuel cell.
- the seal member 70 is applied to the outer peripheral portion 42 of the separator 32a constituting the laminate 50, the MEA 31 is laminated, the separator 32b is laminated, and the seal member 70 is applied.
- a fuel cell 30 is formed, a plurality of fuel cells 30 are stacked to form a fuel cell module 40, and a seal member 80 is disposed between the fuel cell modules 40 to form a stack 50.
- a pressing step in which the stacked body 50 is pressed by the pressing portion 10 from the stacking direction of the cells 30.
- the case where the fuel cell module 40 is configured by two fuel cell units 30 and the stacked body 50 is configured by two fuel cell modules 40 is described as an example, but is not limited thereto. .
- the assembly apparatus 200 receives and cures the MEA 31 or the separators 32a and 32b constituting the fuel cell module 30 as shown in FIG. It mounts on the tool 12 and arrange
- an anode separator 32a is placed as an example.
- the fuel battery cell 30 is formed. If another fuel cell 30 is formed in the same manner, the components constituting the fuel cell module 40 are stacked.
- step ST 13 in FIG. 1C the pressing jig 11, the elastic member 13, the detection unit 14, the holding unit 15, the pressing member 16, and the like are arranged to apply a pressing load. If the applied load does not fall within ⁇ 10% of the target value F (step ST14: NO in FIG. 1C), the applied load is adjusted. When the applied load is within F ⁇ 10% (step ST14 in FIG. 1C: YES), the nut 18 is fastened to the connecting bolt 17 to fix the thickness of the fuel cell module 40, and the seal member 70 is cured. (Step ST15 in FIG. 1C).
- the value of ⁇ 10% is an example, and can be set to another value.
- the fuel cell module 40 is completed through the above steps. When the fuel cell module 40 is completed, it is removed from the assembling apparatus 200.
- step ST20 in FIG. 1B a leak test and an insulation resistance test are performed to check whether the module is completed without any problems. If there is a problem in the inspection (step ST20 in FIG. 1B: NO), the module is manufactured again (step ST10 in FIG. 1B). If there is no problem (step ST20 in FIG. 1B: YES), the process proceeds to manufacture of the stacked body (stack) 50.
- the end plate 36, the insulating plate 35, the current collector plate 34, and the fuel cell module 40 are set on the columns 131 and 132 of the assembling apparatus 300, and the seal member 80 is disposed on both sides of the fuel cell module 40.
- the stuck plate member 81 is laminated. In this embodiment, as an example, two fuel cells 30 are stacked to prepare two fuel cell modules 40.
- step ST30 in FIG. 1B When two fuel cell modules 40 are stacked, a current collecting plate 34, an insulating plate 35, and an end plate 36 are set thereon. Then, tension plates 39a and 39b and tension guides 39c and 39d, which are housings, are attached and fastened with bolts 43 (step ST30 in FIG. 1B). . Then, the laminate 50 is subjected to leak inspection and power generation performance confirmation. If there is a problem (step ST40 in FIG. 1B: NO), load application of the laminate is performed again (step ST30 in FIG. 1B). ). If there is no problem in the performance of the laminated body 50 (step ST40 in FIG. 1B: YES), the product is shipped.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the load applied to the laminate and the thickness of the laminate in the stacking direction. As can be seen from FIG. 16, as the load is applied to the stacked body 50, the thickness of the stacked body 50 decreases.
- the sealing member 70 since power generation is performed in the central portion 41, the sealing member 70 cannot be applied to the central portion 41, and the sealing member 70 is applied only to the outer peripheral portion 42.
- the thickness of the central portion 41 of the fuel cell module 40 becomes as shown in FIGS. 13 to 15.
- a phenomenon occurs in which a difference in thickness occurs, such as H1 and the thickness of the outer peripheral portion 42 being H2.
- a load applied when the laminate 50 is pressed to cure the seal member 70 (hereinafter referred to as a curing load of the seal member 70) is, for example, the assembly of the end plate 36 to the laminate 50. Therefore, it is necessary to make it less than the pinching load when pinching from both sides.
- the outer peripheral portion 42 is prevented from being excessively crushed and the thickness difference between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42 is prevented during stacking. As a result, the seal portion can be reliably formed.
- the curing load of the seal member 70 can be set to be equal to or less than the minimum load when the fuel cell 100 is used (non-power generation) in addition to the pinching load by the end plate 36.
- the minimum load in the usage environment of the fuel cell 100 is smaller than the load at the time of the clamping. Since the seal member 70 needs to form a seal part in the use environment state of the fuel cell 100, the central portion 41 in the module 40 can be reduced by setting the curing load of the seal member to be equal to or less than the minimum load in the use environment. It is possible to prevent the difference in thickness from the outer peripheral portion 42 from occurring, and to reliably form the seal portion.
- the curing load of the seal member 70 may be equal to or lower than the minimum load at which the separators 32a and 32b come into contact with the MEA 31 in the power generation unit 41.
- the minimum load at which the separators 32a and 32b come into contact with the MEA 31 is equal to or less than the above-described pinching load and is equal to or less than the minimum load in the operating environment of the fuel cell, but the fuel cell can generate power. Therefore, by making the curing load of the seal member 70 equal to or less than the minimum load at which the separators 32a and 32b come into contact with the MEA 31, it is possible to ensure the power generation of the fuel cell and to reliably form the seal portion.
- sealing members 70 and 80 are disposed on the laminate 50 in order to seal fuel, oxidant, etc.
- the sealing members 70 and 80 are disposed on the outer peripheral portion 42 because the sealing members 70 and 80 cannot be disposed on the central portion 41 which is a power generation unit. Is done. If the seal members 70 and 80 (especially the seal member 80) are not sufficiently crushed, a seal portion is not formed. If there is a difference in thickness between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42, the seal member is sufficiently pressed. Not crushed. Therefore, when assembling the fuel cell 100 by stacking the fuel cells 30, it is necessary to eliminate the difference in thickness between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42 so that a seal portion is formed. However, for example, even if the distance between the MEA 31 and the separators 32a and 32 is adjusted using a spacer or the like, the difference in thickness between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42 may not be eliminated due to variations.
- Embodiment 1 when the laminated body 50 is pressed by the pressing portion 10, the thickness of the laminated body 50 is controlled by controlling the pressing load that presses the laminated body 50, not the thickness of the laminated body 50. Is configured to control. Therefore, in the first embodiment, variations such as the thickness of the stacked body 50 when assembling the fuel cell 100 can be taken into consideration, and the stacking is performed so that there is no difference in thickness between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42. The body 50 can be pressed, and the amount of compression of the seal member can be secured to improve the sealing performance.
- the pressing load when the laminated body 50 is pressed and the seal member 70 is cured in the pressing step is equal to or less than the pinching load that sandwiches the laminated body 50 with the load adding member 310 and the pressing member 320 when the fuel cell 100 is assembled. It is said. Therefore, when the fuel cell 100 is formed, if the end plate 36 sandwiches the both ends of the stacked body 50, the central portion 41 can be crushed to the thickness of the outer peripheral portion 42, and the thickness of the stacked body 50 can be made uniform. A seal part can be formed reliably.
- the pressing load when the laminated body 50 is pressed and the seal member 70 is cured in the pressing step can be set to be equal to or lower than the minimum load when the fuel cell 100 is used (when power is not generated). Since the minimum load in the use environment is equal to or less than the squeezing load by the end plate 36, the center part 41 can be crushed to the thickness of the outer peripheral part 42 in the fuel cell assembly and fuel cell use environment in the same manner as described above. A seal part can be formed reliably.
- the pressing load when the laminated body 50 is pressed and the seal member 70 is cured in the pressing step can be set to be equal to or lower than the minimum load at which the separators 32a and 32b contact the MEA 31.
- the minimum load at which the separators 32a and 32b come into contact with the MEA 31 is equal to or less than the load at the time of clamping by the end plate 36 and the environment in which the fuel cell is used. Therefore, by setting the pressing load below the minimum load at which the MEA 31 and the separators 32a and 32b are in contact with each other, the power generation of the fuel cell 100 is ensured, and the central portion 41 is also provided when assembling the fuel cell and using the fuel cell 100.
- the seal part can be reliably formed by crushing to the thickness of the outer peripheral part 42.
- the pressing load is monitored by the detection unit 14 made of a load cell or the like, and the state in which the stacked body 50 is pressed by the holding unit 15 is held. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent an excessive pressing load from being applied to the laminated body 50, to prevent a difference in thickness between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42, and to reliably form a seal portion.
- the pressing member 11 uses the elastic member 13 made of a plate spring 13a or the like to hold the laminated body 50 together with the holding portion 15, the load applied to the laminated body 50 due to a temperature change when the seal member 70 is cured.
- the load fluctuation can be reduced even when the fluctuation occurs. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the stress on the laminated body 50 from being caused by the stress concentration.
- the so-called corrugated so-called wave shape 32c formed in the separators 32a and 32b can function as an elastic member like a leaf spring. Therefore, even when a pressing load is applied to cure the seal member 70, stress is prevented from concentrating on the boundary between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42 to prevent the laminated body 50 from being damaged.
- the thickness management of the body 50 can be enabled.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a jig structure in the laminate assembly apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- the laminated body 50 is pressed by a single jig called the pressing jig 11, but it can also be configured as follows.
- the pressing jig 11 a that presses the central portion 41 corresponding to the power generation portion in the stacked body 50 and the outer portion 42 that is outward from the central portion 41 are provided.
- a pressing jig is constituted by the annular pressing jig 11b to be pressed.
- the load applied by the pressing jig 11a and the load applied by the pressing jig 11b can be made different from each other by adjusting the spring constants of the elastic member 13b and the elastic member 13c connected to the pressing member 16, for example.
- the other configuration of the assembling apparatus 200a is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the detection units 14a and 14b that detect the pressing loads of the pressing jigs 11a and 11b are provided, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the load applied to the central portion 41 and the outer portion 42 in the laminate 50 is configured to be added separately. Therefore, even if the thickness dimension variation in the surface direction of the laminate 50 is larger, the difference in thickness between the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42 can be achieved by pressing the central portion 41 and the outer peripheral portion 42 separately. Can be more easily eliminated and uniformized, and the seal portion can be reliably formed.
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing a jig structure in the assembly apparatus for a laminate according to the third embodiment.
- the laminate 50 is pressed by using the pressing jig 11 having a flat pressing surface for pressing the laminated body 50 and the seal member 70 is cured.
- the pressing jig has the following configuration. can do.
- the pressing jig 11c constituting the fuel cell module assembling apparatus 200b in the third embodiment is not flat on the pressing surface that presses the laminated body 50, and the power generation portion pressing portion 11d that presses the central portion 41 that hits the power generation portion; And an outward pressing portion 11e that presses outward of the power generation portion pressing portion 11d. Since an automobile or the like on which the fuel cell 100 is mounted may guarantee use in a cold region, it is necessary to consider that the laminated body 50 forms a seal portion with the seal member 70 even in cold weather.
- the assembly apparatus 200b for the stacked body 50 according to the third embodiment is configured such that the power generation unit pressing portion 11d has a step 11f in the stacking direction of the outer portion pressing portion 11e on the pressing jig 31c.
- the height of the step 11f in FIG. 17 can be the amount of heat shrinkage within the guaranteed temperature of the seal member 70, but is not limited to this.
- the step 11f is provided in the pushing jig 11c so that the seal portion can be formed even when the seal member 70 is thermally contracted.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- angular part of the electric power generation part press part 11d which presses the center part 41 can be formed in the curved surface shape 11h.
- the contact surface pressure between the stacked body 50 and the curved surface shape 11h does not become excessive even during pressing, and the stacked body 50 is damaged.
- the seal part can be formed without any problem.
- a fuel cell module is formed by stacking a plurality of fuel cells, and a stack is configured by stacking a plurality of fuel cell modules.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to the case where the seal member 70 is disposed in a single fuel cell module in which a plurality of layers are stacked to form a seal portion.
- the gas diffusion layer constituting the MEA 31 and the corrugated shape 32c of the separators 32a and 32b exist in the central portion 41, but the outer peripheral portion 42. There is no such configuration in this part. Therefore, when the fuel cell module 40 is pressed to cure the seal member or the like, among the outer peripheral portion 42, the short side direction of the outer peripheral portion 42 that is relatively far from the central portion 41 and the longitudinal direction that is relatively close to the central portion 41, The crushing allowance may vary when a load is applied, which may affect the sealing performance. On the other hand, a part of the jig 11 in FIG.
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Abstract
Description
図1(A)、図1(B)は本発明の実施形態1に係る燃料電池の製造方法について示すタイムチャート及びフローチャート、図1(C)は同製造方法の中でもモジュール製造工程について詳細に示すフローチャートである。図2、図3は同実施形態1に係る積層体の組み立て工程におけるシール部材配置工程を示す説明図、図4は同積層体の押圧工程を示す説明図、図5及び図6は同積層体を形成する(スタッキングする)際を示す説明図である。
図18は実施形態2に係る積層体の組み立て装置における治具構造を示す断面図である。実施形態1では積層体50を押し治具11という単一の治具によって押圧したが、以下のように構成することもできる。
図19は実施形態3に係る積層体の組み立て装置における治具構造を示す説明図である。実施形態1では、積層体50を押圧する押圧面が平坦な押し治具11を使用して積層体50を押圧し、シール部材70を硬化させたが、押し治具は以下のような構成とすることができる。
100 燃料電池、
11、11a、11b、11c、11g 押し治具、
11d 発電部押圧部、
11e 外方押圧部、
11f 段差、
11h 曲面形状、
110 支持台、
12 受け治具、
120 基準台、
13、13b、13c 弾性部材、
13a 板バネ、
131、132 支持柱、
14、14a、14b、14c 検出部、
15 保持部、
150 柱間隔調整治具、
16 押圧部材、
161、162 基準側柱、
17 連結ボルト、
18 ナット、
20 塗布部、
200、200a、200b 燃料電池モジュールの組み立て装置、
21 塗布機、
22 アーム、
23 レール、
30 燃料電池セル、
300 積層体の組付け装置、
31 膜電極接合体(MEA)、
31a 固体高分子電解質膜、
31b アノード、
31c カソード、
310 荷重付加部材、
32a、32b セパレータ、
320 押圧部材、
33 枠体、
34 集電板、
34a 突起部、
35 絶縁板、
38a カソードガス供給口、
38b 媒体供給口、
38c アノードガス供給口、
38d アノードガス排出口、
38e 媒体供給口、
38f カソードガス排出口、
36 エンドプレート、
37a アノードガス流路、
37b カソードガス流路、
37c 冷却媒体流路、
39a、39b テンションプレート、
39c、39d テンションガイド、
40 燃料電池モジュール、
41 中央部(発電部)、
42 外方部、
43 ボルト、
50 積層体、
60、180 制御部、
70、80 シール部材、
81 プレート部材、
90 積層部、
a1 シール部材硬化時の荷重、
a2 燃料電池スタッキング時の組付け荷重、
b1 スタッキング時の厚さ、
b2 シール部材硬化時の厚さ、
H1 押圧荷重付加時において中央部が膨らんだ際の積層方向厚さ、
H2 押圧荷重付加時における周辺部の積層方向厚さ。
Claims (13)
- アノードとカソードとを電解質膜の両側に接合した膜電極接合体が一対のセパレータによって挟持された燃料電池セルを複数積層した燃料電池モジュールを有する燃料電池の製造方法であって、
少なくとも一の前記燃料電池セルと隣接する他の前記燃料電池セルとの間において対向する端面の外周部にシール部材を配置し、前記燃料電池セルを積層して前記燃料電池モジュールを形成するシール部材配置工程と、
前記燃料電池セルの積層方向において前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧して前記シール部材によるシール部位を形成する押圧工程と、を有し、
を有し、
前記押圧工程では、前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧する荷重を制御することによって前記燃料電池モジュールの積層方向における厚さを制御することを特徴とする燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記膜電極接合体は、電気化学反応によってエネルギーを生成する発電部を有し、
前記押圧工程では、前記発電部と前記発電部よりも外方の外方部とを異なる圧力で押圧する請求項1に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記燃料電池モジュールを積層方向における両端から前記燃料電池モジュールを挟持する挟持部材を組み付けて前記燃料電池モジュールを挟圧する組み付け工程と、をさらに有し、
前記押圧工程では、前記組み付け工程において前記燃料電池モジュールを挟圧する際に付加する挟圧荷重以下の荷重によって前記燃料電池モジュール押圧して前記シール部材による前記シール部位を形成する請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記押圧工程では、前記燃料電池が発電可能な状態において非発電時に前記燃料電池モジュールに付加される荷重以下の荷重によって前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧して前記シール部材による前記シール部位を形成する請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記押圧工程では、前記燃料電池セルにおいて前記セパレータが前記膜電極接合体に接触する最低荷重以下の荷重によって前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧して前記シール部材による前記シール部位を形成する請求項1または2に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧した状態を保持する保持部と、
前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧する荷重を検出する検出部と、を備え、
前記押圧工程では、前記検出部によって検出した前記燃料電池モジュールの押圧荷重に基づいて前記押圧荷重を調整し、前記燃料電池モジュールを所定の前記押圧荷重で押圧した状態で前記保持部により前記状態を保持する請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧した状態を保持する保持部と、
前記押圧部材による前記燃料電池への荷重を緩衝する緩衝部材と、を備え、
前記押圧工程では、前記燃料電池モジュールの積層方向における厚さを前記緩衝部材および前記保持部を用いて保持する請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記緩衝部材は、板ばねにより構成される請求項7に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記セパレータは弾性変形可能な弾性形状を有し、
前記押圧工程では、前記セパレータの前記弾性形状を変形させることによって前記シール部材による前記シール部位を形成する際に前記燃料電池モジュールに付加される荷重を緩和する請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。 - 前記押圧部材は、前記燃料電池モジュールにおいて発電の起こる発電部を押圧する発電部押圧部と、前記発電部よりも面方向における外方を押圧する外方押圧部と、において前記積層方向に段差を設けている請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記発電部押圧部と前記外方押圧部における前記段差は、前記シール部材が熱収縮した際の熱収縮量に等しい請求項10に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記押圧部材において前記発電部押圧部と前記外方押圧部との境界は曲面に成形されている請求項10または11に記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- アノードとカソードとを電解質膜の両側に接合した膜電極接合体が一対のセパレータによって挟持された燃料電池セルを複数積層した燃料電池モジュールを有する燃料電池の製造装置であって、
少なくとも一の前記燃料電池セルと隣接する他の前記燃料電池セルとの間において対向する端面の外周部にシール部材を配置するシール部材配置部と、
前記シール部材が配置された前記燃料電池セルを積層して前記燃料電池モジュールを形成する積層部と、
前記燃料電池セルの積層方向において前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧する押圧部と、
少なくとも前記押圧部の動作を制御する制御部と、を有し、
前記制御部は、前記押圧部が前記燃料電池モジュールを押圧する荷重を制御することによって前記積層方向における前記燃料電池モジュールの厚さを制御することを特徴とする燃料電池の製造装置。
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CA2909568A CA2909568C (en) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-03-20 | Fuel cell stack manufacturing method and manufacturing device |
US14/782,806 US9627706B2 (en) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-03-20 | Fuel-cell-stack manufacturing method and manufacturing device |
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US20160308238A1 (en) | 2016-10-20 |
JP6056964B2 (ja) | 2017-01-11 |
CN105210224A (zh) | 2015-12-30 |
CA2909568A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
EP2988355B1 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
EP2988355A4 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
JPWO2014171260A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
CA2909568C (en) | 2016-11-22 |
EP2988355A1 (en) | 2016-02-24 |
CN105210224B (zh) | 2019-06-18 |
US9627706B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
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