WO2014171092A1 - 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 - Google Patents
火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014171092A1 WO2014171092A1 PCT/JP2014/001942 JP2014001942W WO2014171092A1 WO 2014171092 A1 WO2014171092 A1 WO 2014171092A1 JP 2014001942 W JP2014001942 W JP 2014001942W WO 2014171092 A1 WO2014171092 A1 WO 2014171092A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- engine
- cylinder
- temperature
- engine body
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
- F02D19/084—Blends of gasoline and alcohols, e.g. E85
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
- F02D11/10—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type
- F02D11/105—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type characterised by the function converting demand to actuation, e.g. a map indicating relations between an accelerator pedal position and throttle valve opening or target engine torque
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0215—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing the valve timing only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/0607—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
- F02D19/061—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
- F02D19/085—Control based on the fuel type or composition
- F02D19/087—Control based on the fuel type or composition with determination of densities, viscosities, composition, concentration or mixture ratios of fuels
- F02D19/088—Control based on the fuel type or composition with determination of densities, viscosities, composition, concentration or mixture ratios of fuels by estimation, i.e. without using direct measurements of a corresponding sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
- F02D41/028—Desulfurisation of NOx traps or adsorbent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
- F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
- F02D41/068—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for warming-up
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
- F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
- F02B23/104—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector being placed on a side position of the cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
- F02D15/04—Varying compression ratio by alteration of volume of compression space without changing piston stroke
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/021—Engine temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0411—Volumetric efficiency
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/60—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the driver demands or status
- F02D2200/602—Pedal position
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the technology disclosed herein relates to a control device for a spark ignition engine, and more particularly, to a spark ignition engine configured to be supplied with a fuel including a special fuel having a lower vaporization rate than gasoline under a specific temperature or lower.
- the present invention relates to a control device.
- FFVs Flexible Fuel Vehicles
- the range of the ethanol concentration of the fuel in FFV differs depending on the mixing ratio of gasoline and ethanol as fuels distributed in the market. For example, when changing from E25 (gasoline 75%, ethanol 25) to E100 (ethanol 100%), Or it may change from E0 (gasoline 100%) to E85 (gasoline 15%, ethanol 85%).
- E100 here includes E100 (ethanol 95%, water 5%) which contains about 5% of water, in which water is not sufficiently removed during the ethanol purification process.
- the properties of the fuel differ depending on the concentration of ethanol in the fuel. That is, gasoline, which is a multi-component fuel, has a boiling point in the range of 27 to 225 ° C., so that the temperature is relatively low as shown in FIG. But the vaporization rate is relatively high. On the other hand, since ethanol is a single component fuel and its standard boiling point is 78 ° C., when the temperature is relatively low, the vaporization rate becomes 0, which is lower than the gasoline vaporization rate. When the temperature is relatively high, the vaporization rate is 100%, which is higher than the vaporization rate of gasoline.
- the FFV when the engine temperature state is a low temperature below a predetermined temperature, the higher the ethanol concentration in the fuel and the lower the engine temperature state, the worse the fuel vaporization performance in the cylinder. That is, if the weight ratio of the amount of fuel that contributes to combustion to the amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder is defined as the vaporization rate, the vaporization rate decreases as the ethanol concentration increases and the engine temperature state decreases. .
- E100 containing water has a large problem.
- Patent Document 1 in an FFV engine system, fuel having a high gasoline concentration is extracted from a main tank that stores fuel in which gasoline and ethanol are mixed at an arbitrary mixing ratio, and is separated from the main tank.
- the engine system which moves to the sub-tank and stores in the sub-tank is described.
- fuel with stable vaporization performance is always stored in the sub tank. Therefore, in the engine system described in Patent Document 1, when a fuel with a high ethanol concentration is used, the ignitability and / or combustion stability of the air-fuel mixture deteriorates (for example, the cold engine) In operation, etc.), the fuel stored in the main tank and the fuel with high gasoline concentration stored in the sub tank are mixed at an appropriate ratio.
- Patent Document 2 describes an FFV engine system having a fuel injection valve that is not provided with a sub-tank as described above but is configured to inject fuel directly into a cylinder.
- the theoretical air-fuel ratio of ethanol is smaller than the theoretical air-fuel ratio of gasoline, and when using fuel with a high ethanol concentration, compared with using fuel with a high gasoline concentration.
- the engine has a high ethanol concentration, a large fuel injection amount, a low engine temperature state, and a low fuel vaporization performance.
- the fuel pressure is increased and high fuel pressure fuel is injected into the cylinder during the compression stroke.
- High fuel pressure atomizes the fuel to promote vaporization, and delays the fuel injection timing to start combustion before the injected fuel adheres to the inner wall of the cylinder, piston, or the like.
- the low temperature startability of the engine is enhanced by devising the fuel injection mode.
- Patent Document 2 The configuration requiring a sub-tank as described in Patent Document 1 is described in Patent Document 2 because the fuel supply system becomes two systems, which complicates the configuration of the engine system and increases the cost. There is a demand for a configuration in which the sub-tank is omitted. On the other hand, it is necessary to ensure the ignitability and / or combustion stability of the air-fuel mixture regardless of the properties of the fuel stored in the main tank.
- the cylinder Control is performed to increase in advance the amount of fuel supplied inside.
- the ethanol concentration of the fuel is high, so the amount of fuel required is increased compared to gasoline, and the amount of fuel is increased by that amount due to high load operation.
- the technology disclosed here is a technology that takes the above-mentioned circumstances into consideration, and the purpose of the technology is to provide a high load when the engine temperature is cold when the temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature and when the engine load is higher than the predetermined load. It is to avoid deterioration of fuel atomization at times and to avoid deterioration of fuel consumption.
- the above-mentioned problem can be solved, for example, by increasing the capacity of the high-pressure pump and adopting a configuration that can maintain a high fuel pressure even if a large amount of fuel continues.
- the adoption of a large high-pressure pump introduces new problems such as increased cost, poor layout in a narrow engine room, and poor fuel consumption associated with driving a large-capacity high-pressure pump. I will.
- the inventors set the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body lower as the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder is lower, in other words, as the amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder increases. I made it. Limiting the maximum charging efficiency limits the maximum amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder, and it is possible to maintain a high fuel pressure even with a relatively small capacity high-pressure pump.
- the technology disclosed herein relates to a control device for a spark ignition engine.
- the spark ignition type engine control device includes an engine body configured to be supplied with fuel containing special fuel having a lower vaporization rate than gasoline under a state of a specific temperature or lower, and an inside of a cylinder provided in the engine body.
- a fuel supply mechanism configured to supply the fuel whose pressure has been increased to a predetermined pressure, and a controller configured to operate the engine body through at least control of the fuel supply mechanism.
- the controller is configured such that when the temperature of the engine body is cold below a predetermined temperature and when the load state of the engine body is a high load above a predetermined load, the cylinder is in the intake stroke and the compression stroke.
- the fuel is supplied to the cylinder through the fuel supply mechanism, the lower the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder, the lower the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body.
- the “special fuel having a lower vaporization rate than gasoline under a temperature lower than a specific temperature” is, for example, a single component fuel, and specifically an alcohol such as ethanol or methanol.
- an alcohol such as ethanol or methanol.
- a biological alcohol such as bioethanol made from sugarcane or corn may be used.
- fuel including special fuel includes both a fuel obtained by mixing special fuel and gasoline, and a fuel containing only special fuel.
- the fuel supplied to the engine body may have a constant mixing ratio between gasoline and special fuel, or may change from time to time.
- the “fuel containing the special fuel” specifically includes any ethanol concentration in a range from E25 in which 25% ethanol is mixed with gasoline to E100 in which ethanol is 100%. Fuel is included.
- the above configuration does not exclude the supply of fuel that does not include special fuel to the engine body.
- the fuel supplied to the engine main body has any ethanol concentration in the range from gasoline (that is, E0 not containing ethanol) to E85 where 85% ethanol is mixed with gasoline.
- Fuel is included.
- the “fuel containing special fuel” may contain water. Therefore, E100 containing about 5% of water is also included in the “fuel including special fuel”.
- the alcohol concentration in the fuel can be detected or estimated by various methods.
- Vaporization rate can be defined as the weight ratio of the amount of fuel contributed to combustion to the amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder. Such a vaporization rate can be calculated based on a detection value of an O 2 sensor attached to the exhaust passage of the engine. Under conditions where the temperature of the engine body is lower than or equal to a predetermined temperature, the higher the concentration of the special fuel in the fuel and the lower the temperature state of the engine body, the lower the vaporization rate.
- the “fuel supply mechanism” may include at least a fuel tank that stores fuel including special fuel, a high-pressure pump that boosts the fuel pressure, and a fuel injection valve that injects the boosted fuel.
- the high-pressure pump may be configured to be driven by the engine body or may be configured to be driven by a drive source different from the engine body (for example, an electric pump).
- the fuel injection valve may be a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into the cylinder. In addition to such a direct injection fuel injection valve, a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into the intake port may be provided separately.
- “When the load state of the engine body is at a high load of a predetermined load or more” can be defined as when the engine operation state is in a high load region including a fully open load.
- the load state of the engine body is in a high load state when the engine load region is divided into a low load region and a high load region and the engine body is in the high load region when divided into two equal parts.
- the engine load region may be when the engine main body is operating in the high load region when the engine load region is divided into three equal parts, ie, the low load region, the medium load region and the high load region.
- the full load is changed as the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body is set lower as the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder is lower.
- “Filling efficiency” can be according to the following definition. That is, the ratio of the weight of air sucked into one cylinder when the air weight of one cylinder of the total displacement is 1 in the standard atmosphere (25 ° C., 1 atm).
- the controller determines whether the cylinder is in the intake stroke or the compression stroke. In each, fuel is supplied into the cylinder.
- the engine body since the engine body is in a high load state, the amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder is relatively increased, and the engine body is in a cold state, so that the fuel amount is low considering the low fuel vaporization rate.
- supplying fuel in each of the intake stroke and the compression stroke can ensure a sufficient fuel supply period and a sufficient mixture formation period. It is advantageous to the ignitability of the ki and the combustion stability. Divided supply of intake stroke and compression stroke, especially when the special fuel is alcohol and the alcohol concentration in the fuel is high, even when the amount of fuel required increases compared to gasoline, a sufficient fuel supply period is ensured It is effective because it makes it possible to
- the controller sets the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body lower as the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder is lower. That is, when the fuel vaporization rate is low, the fully open load is low, and the maximum value of the fuel amount is also reduced. As a result, even if the operating state of the engine body continues at a fully open load, the amount of fuel supplied by the fuel supply mechanism decreases, so the fuel supply mechanism maintains a predetermined fuel pressure. It becomes possible. As a result, atomization of the fuel is ensured, and deterioration of the fuel vaporization performance is avoided. In this way, torque corresponding to the amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder can be obtained, and deterioration of fuel consumption is avoided. Further, since unburned fuel is reduced, exhaust emission performance is also improved.
- the upper limit value of the charging efficiency is set low, there is a restriction that the full opening torque when the accelerator opening is fully opened is low.
- the maximum charging efficiency is increased by supplying the fuel in each of the intake stroke and the compression stroke. Therefore, even if the upper limit value of the charging efficiency is set low, a relatively high charging efficiency is ensured. Is done. That is, the running performance in the cold state is improved.
- the load state here is a high load state in which the accelerator opening is fully opened, the temperature of the engine body rises quickly. As the temperature of the engine body increases, the fuel vaporization rate increases, so the upper limit value of the charging efficiency is also set higher. Therefore, even if the full opening torque is initially limited, the limitation is quickly released.
- the upper limit value of the charging efficiency that is set low may be set to 0.5 or more, preferably 0.6 or more, and more preferably 0.7 or more. By doing so, it is possible to ensure a relatively high fully-open torque while avoiding deterioration of fuel consumption, and it is possible to achieve both a low level of both fuel efficiency and cold travel performance.
- the controller may set the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body to be lower as the concentration of the special fuel in the fuel supplied into the cylinder is higher.
- the concentration of the special fuel in the fuel is higher, the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body is set lower, so that deterioration of fuel efficiency is avoided as described above.
- the controller may set the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body to be lower as the temperature state of the engine body is lower.
- the control device for the spark ignition engine further includes a throttle valve configured to adjust the amount of fresh air to be filled in the cylinder, and the controller receives accelerator opening information and opens the throttle valve.
- the controller adjusts the degree to the opening corresponding to the accelerator opening, and the controller is also configured so that the controller is in a cold state where the temperature of the engine body is a predetermined temperature or less and the load state of the engine body.
- the opening of the throttle valve is changed with a predetermined control response to the change in the accelerator opening, and the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder is low.
- the upper limit opening of the throttle valve may be set lower.
- the controller can control the upper limit opening of the throttle valve under a specific condition when the temperature of the engine body is cold when the temperature is lower than a predetermined temperature and when the load state of the engine body is higher than the predetermined load. Set low. This lowers the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body. Further, the controller changes the opening degree of the throttle valve with a predetermined control response in response to a change in the accelerator opening degree.
- the “predetermined control responsiveness” herein may be defined as a control responsiveness under a different condition from the specific condition of the cold high load. In other words, the “predetermined control response” here is not a specific control response under specific conditions of cold high load, and the “predetermined control response” can be rephrased as a normal control response. is there.
- the throttle valve opening since the throttle valve opening is changed with a predetermined control response to changes in the accelerator opening, the throttle valve opening with a normal control response to the driver's accelerator operation. Is controlled. Therefore, in the range where the accelerator opening does not reach the upper limit and the charging efficiency does not reach the upper limit, the control between the accelerator operation and the throttle opening is substantially the same as the normal control. This eliminates the driver's uncomfortable feeling and improves the drive feel.
- the spark ignition engine control apparatus when the engine body is in a cold state where the temperature of the engine body is lower than a predetermined temperature and the load state of the engine body is a high load exceeding the predetermined load, By supplying the fuel into the cylinder in each of the stroke and the compression stroke, the vaporization performance of the fuel can be improved and the maximum filling efficiency can be greatly increased even under a relatively large amount of fuel.
- the lower the fuel vaporization rate supplied to the cylinder the lower the upper limit value of the charging efficiency of the engine body, so that the fuel pressure can be maintained at a high level and the deterioration of fuel consumption is avoided. be able to.
- the upper limit of the charging efficiency is set low, the maximum charging efficiency is increased by supplying the fuel in the intake stroke and the compression stroke, so that the limited charging efficiency is also relatively high, and the running performance in the cold state is improved. improves.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a spark ignition engine and its control device.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for comparing the change in the distillation amount of gasoline with respect to the temperature and the change in the distillation amount of ethanol.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing the fuel injection timing in the cold state and the fuel injection timing in the warm state at the time of high load.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a change in fuel pressure with respect to the engine water temperature.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a limit amount of the maximum filling efficiency with respect to the fuel vaporization rate.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart illustrating the change in charging efficiency when the accelerator opening is fully opened.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the difference in the fully open torque of the engine due to the difference in fuel injection mode.
- the engine system includes an engine (engine body) 1, various actuators associated with the engine 1, various sensors, and an engine controller 100 that controls the actuators based on signals from the sensors.
- the engine system includes a high compression ratio engine 1 having a geometric compression ratio of 12 or more and 20 or less (for example, 12).
- the engine 1 is a spark ignition type four-stroke internal combustion engine. Although only one is shown in FIG. 1, the engine 1 has first to fourth four cylinders 11 arranged in series. However, an engine to which the technology disclosed herein is applicable is not limited to an in-line four-cylinder engine.
- the engine 1 is mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and its output shaft is connected to drive wheels via a transmission, although not shown. The vehicle is propelled by the output of the engine 1 being transmitted to the drive wheels.
- the engine 1 is supplied with fuel containing ethanol (including bioethanol).
- this vehicle is an FFV that can use fuel of any concentration ranging from 25% ethanol (that is, E25 having a gasoline concentration of 75%) to 100% (that is, E100 that does not include gasoline).
- E100 here includes ethanol containing about 5% of moisture without being sufficiently removed in the ethanol purification process.
- the technology disclosed here is not limited to FFV based on the use of E25 to E100.
- E0 that is, gasoline only and does not include ethanol
- E85 that is, gasoline concentration 15%, ethanol concentration 85%
- this vehicle has only a fuel tank (that is, a main tank) for storing the above-mentioned fuel.
- a fuel having a high gasoline concentration is separated from the main tank. It is characterized by not having a sub-tank for storing.
- the FFV is based on a gasoline specification vehicle to which only gasoline is supplied, and most of the configuration is shared between the two specifications.
- the engine 1 includes a cylinder block 12 and a cylinder head 13 mounted thereon, and a cylinder 11 is formed inside the cylinder block 12.
- a crankshaft 14 is rotatably supported on the cylinder block 12 by a journal, a bearing or the like, and this crankshaft 14 is connected to a piston 15 via a connecting rod 16.
- Two inclined surfaces extending from the substantially central portion to the vicinity of the lower end surface of the cylinder head 13 are formed on the ceiling portion of each cylinder 11, and the inclined surfaces form a roof-like shape on which they are placed. It is a so-called pent roof type.
- the piston 15 is slidably inserted into each cylinder 11 and partitions the combustion chamber 17 together with the cylinder 11 and the cylinder head 13.
- the top surface of the piston 15 is formed in a trapezoidal shape that protrudes from the peripheral portion toward the center portion so as to correspond to the pent roof type shape of the ceiling surface of the cylinder 11 described above.
- the combustion chamber volume when the compression top dead center is reached is reduced to achieve a high geometric compression ratio of 12 or more.
- a cavity 151 that is recessed in a substantially spherical shape is formed at the approximate center position.
- the cavity 151 is disposed so as to be opposed to the spark plug 51 disposed at the center of the cylinder 11, thereby shortening the combustion period.
- the top surface of the piston 15 is raised, and when the piston 15 reaches the compression top dead center, the top surface of the piston 15 and the ceiling surface of the cylinder 11 are used.
- the cavity 151 avoids the interference of the initial flame and does not hinder its growth, so that the flame propagation becomes faster and the combustion period can be shortened. This is advantageous in suppressing knocking in a fuel with a high gasoline concentration, and contributes to an improvement in torque due to the advance of the ignition timing.
- an intake port 18 and an exhaust port 19 are formed in the cylinder head 13, and each communicates with the combustion chamber 17.
- the intake valve 21 and the exhaust valve 22 are arranged so that the intake port 18 and the exhaust port 19 can be shut off (closed) from the combustion chamber 17, respectively.
- the intake valve 21 is driven by the intake valve drive mechanism 30 and the exhaust valve 22 is driven by the exhaust valve drive mechanism 40, thereby reciprocating at a predetermined timing to open and close the intake port 18 and the exhaust port 19.
- the intake valve drive mechanism 30 and the exhaust valve drive mechanism 40 have an intake camshaft 31 and an exhaust camshaft 41, respectively.
- the camshafts 31 and 41 are connected to the crankshaft 14 via a power transmission mechanism such as a known chain / sprocket mechanism.
- the power transmission mechanism rotates the camshafts 31 and 41 once while the crankshaft 14 rotates twice.
- the intake valve drive mechanism 30 includes an intake valve timing variable mechanism 32 that can change the opening / closing timing of the intake valve 21, and the exhaust valve drive mechanism 40 can change the exhaust valve timing that can change the opening / closing timing of the exhaust valve 22.
- a mechanism 42 is included.
- the intake valve timing variable mechanism 32 is a hydraulic, mechanical, or electric variable phase mechanism (Variable Valve Timing) that can continuously change the phase of the intake camshaft 31 within a predetermined angle range.
- the exhaust valve timing variable mechanism 42 is configured by a hydraulic, mechanical, or electric phase variable mechanism that can continuously change the phase of the exhaust camshaft 41 within a predetermined angle range. Yes.
- the intake valve timing variable mechanism 32 can adjust the effective compression ratio by changing the closing timing of the intake valve 21.
- the effective compression ratio is the ratio between the combustion chamber volume when the intake valve is closed and the combustion chamber volume when the piston 15 is at top dead center.
- the ignition plug 51 is attached to the cylinder head 13 by a known structure such as a screw.
- the electrode of the spark plug 51 faces the ceiling of the combustion chamber 17 at the approximate center of the cylinder 11.
- the ignition system 52 receives a control signal from the engine controller 100 and energizes the spark plug 51 so that a spark is generated at a desired ignition timing.
- the fuel injection valve 53 has a known structure such as a bracket, and is attached to one side of the cylinder head 13 (intake side in the illustrated example) in this embodiment.
- the engine 1 is a so-called direct injection engine in which fuel is directly injected into the cylinder 11.
- the tip of the fuel injection valve 53 faces the inside of the combustion chamber 17 in the vertical direction below the intake port 18 and in the horizontal direction at the center of the cylinder 11.
- the arrangement of the fuel injection valve 53 is not limited to this.
- the fuel injection valve 53 is a multi-hole (for example, six-hole) fuel injection valve (Multi-Hole-Injector: MHI).
- each nozzle hole is not shown in the drawing, the tip of the nozzle shaft is widened so that fuel can be injected into the entire cylinder 11.
- the advantage of MHI is that the diameter of one nozzle hole is small because of the multiple nozzle holes, the fuel can be injected at a relatively high pressure, and the fuel can be injected into the entire cylinder 11 so that the fuel can be injected. This increases the fuel efficiency and promotes fuel vaporization and atomization. Therefore, when fuel is injected during the intake stroke, it is advantageous in terms of fuel mixing performance and acceleration of vaporization / atomization using the intake air flow in the cylinder 11, while fuel is injected during the compression stroke. In this case, it is advantageous in terms of gas cooling in the cylinder 11 by promoting vaporization and atomization of the fuel.
- the fuel injection valve 53 is not limited to MHI.
- a high-pressure pump that boosts the fuel and supplies the fuel to the fuel injection valve 53, a pipe, a hose, and the like that send fuel from the fuel tank to the high-pressure pump, And an electric circuit for driving the fuel injection valve 53.
- the high pressure pump is driven by the engine 1 in this example.
- the high pressure pump may be an electric pump.
- the high-pressure pump is a relatively small-capacity pump that is the same as a gasoline-powered vehicle.
- the fuel injection pressure is set to be relatively high in order to inject fuel from a minute injection port.
- the electric circuit receives a control signal from the engine controller 100 and operates the fuel injection valve 53 to inject a desired amount of fuel into the combustion chamber 17 at a predetermined timing.
- the fuel supply system 54 sets the fuel pressure higher as the engine speed increases. This is because as the engine speed increases, the amount of fuel injected into the cylinder 11 also increases, but the fuel pressure increases, which is advantageous for fuel vaporization and atomization, and the fuel injection valve 53 There is an advantage that the pulse width related to fuel injection is made as short as possible.
- the maximum fuel pressure is, for example, 20 MPa.
- an alcohol-containing fuel having an arbitrary ethanol concentration from E25 to E100 is stored in the fuel tank.
- the intake port 18 communicates with the surge tank 55a through an intake path 55b in the intake manifold 55.
- An intake air flow from an air cleaner (not shown) passes through the throttle body 56 and is supplied to the surge tank 55a.
- a throttle valve 57 is disposed on the throttle body 56. The throttle valve 57 throttles the intake air flow toward the surge tank 55a and adjusts the flow rate as is well known.
- the throttle actuator 58 receives the control signal from the engine controller 100 and adjusts the opening degree of the throttle valve 57.
- the exhaust port 19 communicates with a passage in the exhaust pipe as is well known by an exhaust passage in the exhaust manifold 60.
- the exhaust manifold 60 is not shown, but the branch exhaust passages connected to the exhaust ports 19 of the cylinders 11 are gathered by the first gathering parts among the cylinders whose exhaust order is not adjacent to each other, and each first gathering part The downstream intermediate exhaust passages are gathered at the second gathering portion. That is, a so-called 4-2-1 layout is adopted for the exhaust manifold 60 of the engine 1.
- the engine 1 is also provided with a starter motor 20 for performing cranking at the time of starting.
- the engine controller 100 is a controller based on a well-known microcomputer, and includes a central processing unit (CPU) that executes a program, a memory that is configured by, for example, RAM and ROM, and stores a program and data, And an input / output (I / O) bus for inputting and outputting signals.
- CPU central processing unit
- memory that is configured by, for example, RAM and ROM, and stores a program and data
- I / O input / output
- the engine controller 100 includes an intake air flow rate and an intake air temperature from the air flow sensor 71, an intake manifold pressure from the intake pressure sensor 72, a crank angle pulse signal from the crank angle sensor 73, an engine water temperature from the water temperature sensor 78, and an exhaust passage.
- Various inputs such as the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas are received from the linear O 2 sensor 79 attached to the sensor.
- the engine controller 100 calculates the engine speed based on, for example, a crank angle pulse signal.
- the engine controller 100 also receives an accelerator opening signal from an accelerator opening sensor 75 that detects the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal.
- a vehicle speed signal from a vehicle speed sensor 76 that detects the rotational speed of the output shaft of the transmission is input to the engine controller 100.
- a knock sensor 77 including an acceleration sensor that converts the vibration of the cylinder block 12 into a voltage signal and outputs it is attached to the cylinder block 12, and the output signal is also input to the engine controller 100.
- the engine controller 100 calculates the following control parameters of the engine 1 based on the input as described above. For example, a desired throttle opening signal, fuel injection pulse, ignition signal, valve phase angle signal, etc.
- the engine controller 100 outputs these signals to the throttle actuator 58, the fuel supply system 54, the ignition system 52, the intake and exhaust valve timing variable mechanisms 32 and 42, and the like.
- the engine controller 100 also outputs a drive signal to the starter motor 20 when the engine 1 is started.
- the engine controller 100 estimates the ethanol concentration of the fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 53 based on the detection result of the linear O 2 sensor 79.
- the theoretical air fuel ratio (9.0) of ethanol is smaller than the theoretical air fuel ratio (14.7) of gasoline.
- the higher the ethanol concentration of the fuel the richer the theoretical air fuel ratio (that is, the smaller the theoretical air fuel ratio). Therefore, under the condition that the engine is operated at the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, when there is unburned oxygen in the exhaust gas, it can be determined that the ethanol concentration of the fuel was higher than expected. .
- the engine controller 100 First, the fuel supply determination is performed based on the detection value of the level gauge sensor of the fuel tank. If it is determined that the fuel supply has been performed, the ethanol concentration of the fuel is estimated. From the signal output from the linear O 2 sensor 79, the engine controller 100 determines that there is a lot of gasoline in the fuel when the air-fuel ratio is lean, and determines that there is a lot of ethanol in the fuel when the air-fuel ratio is rich. Thus, the ethanol concentration in the fuel is estimated. Instead of estimating the ethanol concentration of the fuel, a sensor that detects the ethanol concentration of the fuel may be provided. The estimated ethanol concentration is used not only for fuel injection control but also for adjustment control of filling efficiency described later.
- the engine controller 100 further calculates the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder 11 based on the detection result of the linear O 2 sensor 79.
- the vaporization rate is defined by the weight ratio of the amount of fuel that contributes to combustion with respect to the amount of fuel supplied into the cylinder 11 (in other words, the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 53).
- the engine controller 100 calculates the weight of the fuel amount contributing to combustion based on the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture and the detected value of the linear O 2 sensor, and calculates the calculated fuel weight and the fuel injection of the fuel injection valve 53.
- the vaporization rate is calculated based on the amount.
- the calculated vaporization rate is also used for adjustment control of filling efficiency described later.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram comparing the gasification characteristics of gasoline and ethanol.
- FIG. 2 has shown the change of the distillation amount (%) of each of gasoline and ethanol with respect to the temperature change under 1 atmosphere. Since gasoline is a multi-component fuel, it evaporates according to the boiling point of each component. The amount of gasoline distilled will vary approximately linearly with changes in temperature. That is, some components of the gasoline are vaporized even when the temperature state of the engine 1 is relatively low, and a combustible air-fuel mixture can be formed.
- the distillation amount becomes 0% at a specific temperature (that is, 78 ° C. which is the boiling point of ethanol) or less, whereas when the specific temperature is exceeded, the distillation amount is 100%. %become.
- a specific temperature that is, 78 ° C. which is the boiling point of ethanol
- the distillation amount is 100%. %become.
- the fuel containing ethanol has a lower vaporization rate than gasoline.
- a predetermined temperature for example, the water temperature is less than about 20 ° C.
- the engine controller 100 can set the engine load, the alcohol concentration, and the like so as to obtain a target vaporized fuel amount.
- the fuel amount increase correction according to the fuel vaporization rate is performed on the base fuel amount set according to the above. That is, the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 53 is increased as the fuel vaporization rate is lower. For this reason, during cold high load operation, the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 53 is increased as a result of the load state of the engine 1 being high and the amount of fuel being increased, and the fuel evaporation rate being low and the increase correction value being large. Can be quite large. Further, since the theoretical air-fuel ratio of ethanol is smaller than the theoretical air-fuel ratio of gasoline, the amount of fuel to be injected increases as the ethanol concentration of fuel increases.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating fuel injection timing during high load operation.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing the fuel injection timing, and does not show the fuel injection period.
- a predetermined temperature as described above, for example, less than about 20 ° C.
- fuel is injected into the cylinder 11 in each of the intake stroke and the compression stroke.
- FIG. 4 shows a change in fuel pressure with respect to the water temperature of the engine 1.
- the engine controller 100 sets the fuel pressure to P 1 (for example, 20 MPa) through the fuel supply system 54 when the water temperature of the engine 1 is T 1 (for example, 0 ° C.) or lower.
- T 1 for example, 0 ° C.
- the fuel pressure is set to P 2 (for example, 17 MPa), and the engine water temperature changes between T 1 and T 2. respect, linearly varying the fuel pressure from P 1 to P 2.
- the characteristic of the fuel pressure is set, not limited to the characteristics shown in FIG. 4, for example while the temperature of the engine 1 is set based on the fuel pressure at a predetermined temperature or less to P 1, the fuel pressure when exceeding a predetermined temperature to P 2 You may make it do.
- the compression stroke injection uses the temperature in the cylinder 11 that rises with adiabatic compression during the compression stroke to promote fuel vaporization. As described above, since the engine 1 has a high geometric compression ratio and a high compression end temperature, it is extremely advantageous for fuel vaporization.
- the start of fuel injection may be set in the first half of the compression stroke or during the intake stroke.
- the engine controller 100 injects fuel through the fuel injection valve 53 during the intake stroke in addition to the compression stroke injection. This ensures a sufficient fuel injection period.
- the intake stroke injection is advantageous for homogenization of the air-fuel mixture using strong intake air flow, and the fuel injected into the cylinder 11 during the intake stroke can ensure a sufficient air-fuel mixture formation period. . Therefore, combining the intake stroke injection with the compression stroke injection excellent in improving the fuel vaporization performance is extremely advantageous in improving the ignitability and combustion stability of the air-fuel mixture.
- the intake stroke injection in a region where the load of the engine 1 is relatively low, it is advantageous for fuel vaporization due to the reduced pressure boiling effect due to the intake negative pressure.
- the load of the engine 1 is high and the intake negative pressure is increased. Therefore, the vaporization of fuel due to the reduced pressure boiling effect can hardly be expected. Therefore, performing the compression stroke injection at the time of a cold high load has an advantage of allowing the fuel to be vaporized when the intake negative pressure cannot be used.
- the lower the fuel vaporization rate the lower the upper limit value of the charging efficiency (that is, the lower the maximum charging efficiency). This corresponds to reducing the maximum opening of the throttle valve 57.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the relationship between the limit of the maximum charging efficiency and the fuel vaporization rate.
- This relational expression is set in advance based on, for example, experiments, and is stored in the engine controller 100.
- the limit of the maximum filling efficiency can be restated as the amount of decrease in the maximum filling efficiency.
- a large limit of the maximum filling efficiency corresponds to setting the maximum filling efficiency low, and the maximum filling efficiency is limited.
- a small amount or zero corresponds to setting the maximum filling efficiency high or not limiting the maximum filling efficiency.
- the limit amount of the maximum filling efficiency is set to 0.
- the maximum Set a large limit on the filling efficiency.
- the relational expression in FIG. 5 limits the maximum charging efficiency when the water temperature of the engine 1 exceeds a predetermined value. While the amount is set to 0, when the water temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined value, the limit amount of the maximum filling efficiency is set to be larger as the water temperature is lower. Also, under a low temperature condition, when the ethanol concentration of the fuel is high, the fuel vaporization rate is low.
- the limit amount of the maximum filling efficiency is set to 0 while the ethanol concentration is less than the predetermined value. In other words, when the concentration is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the limit amount of the maximum filling efficiency is set to be larger as the ethanol concentration is higher.
- the full opening torque when the accelerator opening is fully opened is limited, but the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 53 can be reduced. .
- the fuel injection amount increases due to the low vaporization rate due to the low temperature.
- the fuel injection amount is further increased as compared with when the gasoline concentration is high, and as a result, the fuel injection amount injected by the fuel injection valve 53 during one cycle is extremely large. . Therefore, when the fully open load state of the engine 1 continues, an extremely large fuel injection amount continues.
- the capacity of the engine-driven high-pressure pump in the fuel supply system 54 is relatively small, if an extremely large fuel injection amount continues, the fuel pressure cannot be increased in time. As a result, the fuel pressure gradually decreases. The decrease in fuel pressure worsens the atomization of the fuel and causes the fuel vaporization performance to deteriorate. As a result, the combustibility is reduced, and torque sufficient for the fuel injection amount is not generated.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of a change in accelerator opening (lower diagram in FIG. 6) and an associated change in charging efficiency (upper diagram in FIG. 6) when the accelerator opening is fully opened when the engine 1 is cold. Show. This corresponds to a situation in which the driver depresses the accelerator opening to a fully open state after the engine is cold started.
- the line indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the upper diagram of FIG. 6 corresponds to the maximum charging efficiency when the fuel injection is performed in each of the intake stroke and the compression stroke when cold as shown in FIG.
- the charging efficiency becomes a predetermined value corresponding to the fully opened accelerator opening.
- the upper limit value of the charging efficiency is set lower than the maximum charging efficiency shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. Filling efficiency is limited (see solid line).
- the engine controller 100 limits the opening degree of the throttle valve 57 to an opening degree lower than the maximum opening degree, thereby limiting the maximum charging efficiency.
- the amount of fuel injected by the fuel injection valve 53 is reduced by the amount that limits the charging efficiency.
- the temperature of the engine 1 rises rapidly by continuing such full open load.
- the vaporization rate of the fuel supplied into the cylinder 11 gradually increases, so that the limit amount of the maximum charging efficiency gradually approaches 0 as shown in FIG. If the engine 1 shifts to a semi-warm-up state or a warm state, the limit amount of the maximum charging efficiency becomes zero.
- the period during which the maximum charging efficiency is limited is relatively short, and the maximum torque is gradually increased by continuing the full open load. This is effective in suppressing a decrease in acceleration feel.
- the engine control described above only limits the maximum charging efficiency, and the response of the opening change of the throttle valve 57 to the change of the accelerator opening is that at the time of cold high load. Is not different from normal times. As a result, the torque follows the driver's operation of the accelerator pedal, so that the driver feels uncomfortable and the acceleration feel is improved. In addition, when the accelerator operation is not performed until it is fully opened, the limitation on the maximum filling efficiency is not relevant. In other words, this control is equivalent to the fact that this control is not performed at low to medium loads even during cold weather. This is also advantageous in eliminating the driver's uncomfortable feeling.
- the fuel injection amount is limited by delaying the responsiveness of the opening change of the throttle valve 57 to the change of the accelerator opening, so that the fuel pressure gradually increases. Control that avoids the situation of decline is also conceivable. However, in such control, torque does not follow the driver's operation of the accelerator pedal, so that the driver feels uncomfortable and the acceleration feel also deteriorates. This control is different from such transient control.
- the line indicated by a two-dot chain line in the upper diagram of FIG. 6 corresponds to the maximum charging efficiency when fuel injection is performed only in the intake stroke.
- the throttle valve 57 is throttled to secure the intake negative pressure, so that the maximum charging efficiency is only about 0.4.
- the maximum charging efficiency at the time of cold high load is compared with the case of performing only the intake stroke injection. It can be significantly higher.
- the upper limit of the charging efficiency is set to a low value according to the fuel vaporization rate, the maximum charging efficiency is significantly increased, so the upper limit of the charging efficiency can be set to 0.5 to 0.7 or more. It is. That is, in this control, even if the maximum charging efficiency is limited, it is possible to achieve a relatively high full-open torque, and both cold fuel efficiency and cold running performance are compatible at a high level.
- FIG. 7 compares the full-open torque for the difference in fuel injection mode.
- the fuel used is E95 having a high ethanol concentration, and the vaporization rate is low at low temperatures.
- the fuel injection timing is changed and the maximum charging efficiency is limited in accordance with the engine temperature change, other control parameters such as the ignition timing are set to be the same.
- the alternate long and two short dashes line in FIG. 7 shows the fully open load of the engine having only the fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into the intake port. This corresponds to a case where only the intake stroke injection is performed in the cold ( ⁇ 5 ° C.). As described above, when only the intake stroke injection is performed in the cold state, the full opening torque is lowered.
- the line indicated by “X” in the figure is the full open load when the intake stroke injection and the compression stroke injection are performed in the cold state. Compared with the case where only the intake stroke injection is performed, the fully open torque is significantly increased.
- the line indicated by “white triangles” in the figure is the fully open load when the engine temperature is increased (20 ° C., half warm-up) and when the intake stroke injection and the compression stroke injection are performed.
- the full opening torque is higher than when cold.
- a line indicated by a “black square” in the same figure is a full open load when the engine temperature is further increased to a warm state (90 ° C.). Since it is warm, fuel injection is performed only during the intake stroke, and there is no limit on the maximum charging efficiency.
- the charging efficiency is increased by the cooling effect of the intake air, and as a result, the full opening torque is significantly increased.
- the said structure is object for the engine for FFV, even if it is not FFV, the technique disclosed here is about the spark ignition type engine to which the fuel containing special fuels including alcohol is supplied. It can be widely applied.
- the injection during the compression stroke and the injection during the intake stroke are collectively performed, but each of them may be divided into a plurality of divided injections.
- Engine Engine body 11 cylinder 100 engine controller 53 fuel injection valve (fuel supply mechanism) 54 Fuel supply system (fuel supply mechanism) 57 Throttle valve
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
このエンジンシステムは、前述の通りFFVに搭載されたシステムであり、エンジン1には、E25~E100までの任意の混合比のアルコール含有燃料が供給される。ここで、図2は、ガソリンの気化特性とエタノールの気化特性とを比較する図である。尚、図2は、1気圧下における温度変化に対する、ガソリン及びエタノールそれぞれの蒸留量(%)の変化を示している。ガソリンは多成分燃料であることから、各成分の沸点に応じて蒸発する。ガソリンの蒸留量は、温度変化に対しおおよそ線形的に変化することなる。つまり、ガソリンは、エンジン1の温度状態が比較的低いときにも一部の成分が気化して、可燃混合気を形成することが可能である。
11 気筒
100 エンジン制御器
53 燃料噴射弁(燃料供給機構)
54 燃料供給システム(燃料供給機構)
57 スロットル弁
Claims (4)
- 特定温度以下の状態下でガソリンよりも気化率の低い特殊燃料を含む燃料が供給されるように構成されたエンジン本体、
前記エンジン本体に設けられた気筒内に、所定圧力に昇圧した前記燃料を供給するように構成された燃料供給機構、及び、
少なくとも前記燃料供給機構の制御を通じて前記エンジン本体を運転するように構成された制御器、を備え、
前記制御器は、前記エンジン本体の温度状態が所定温度以下の冷間時でかつ、前記エンジン本体の負荷状態が所定負荷以上の高負荷時には、前記気筒が吸気行程にあるときと圧縮行程にあるときとに、前記燃料供給機構を通じて前記燃料を前記気筒内に供給すると共に、前記気筒内に供給した前記燃料の前記気化率が低いときほど、前記エンジン本体の充填効率の上限値を低く設定する火花点火式エンジンの制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載の火花点火式エンジンの制御装置において、
前記制御器は、前記気筒内に供給する前記燃料における、前記特殊燃料の濃度が高いほど、前記エンジン本体の充填効率の上限値を低く設定する火花点火式エンジンの制御装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の火花点火式エンジンの制御装置において、
前記制御器は、前記エンジン本体の温度状態が低いほど、前記エンジン本体の充填効率の上限値を低く設定する火花点火式エンジンの制御装置。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の火花点火式エンジンの制御装置において、
前記気筒内に充填する新気量を調整するよう構成されたスロットル弁をさらに備え、
前記制御器は、アクセル開度の情報を受けると共に、前記スロットル弁の開度を、当該アクセル開度に応じた開度に調整し、
前記制御器はまた、前記制御器は、前記エンジン本体の温度状態が所定温度以下の冷間時でかつ、前記エンジン本体の負荷状態が所定負荷以上の高負荷時には、前記アクセル開度の変化に対し、所定の制御応答性でもって前記スロットル弁の開度を変更すると共に、前記気筒内に供給した前記燃料の前記気化率が低いときほど、前記スロットル弁の上限開度を低く設定する火花点火式エンジンの制御装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112014001963.1T DE112014001963B4 (de) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-04-03 | Steuervorrichtung für einen Fremdzündungsmotor |
CN201480020717.0A CN105102793B (zh) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-04-03 | 火花点火式发动机的控制装置 |
US14/783,358 US9926860B2 (en) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-04-03 | Control device for spark-ignition engine |
MX2015014334A MX346704B (es) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-04-03 | Dispositivo de control para motor de encendido por chispa. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013084713A JP5987763B2 (ja) | 2013-04-15 | 2013-04-15 | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 |
JP2013-084713 | 2013-04-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2014171092A1 true WO2014171092A1 (ja) | 2014-10-23 |
Family
ID=51731055
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/001942 WO2014171092A1 (ja) | 2013-04-15 | 2014-04-03 | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9926860B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5987763B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105102793B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112014001963B4 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX346704B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014171092A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106704004A (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-24 | 日立汽车系统(中国)有限公司 | 内燃机以及内燃机的控制方法 |
CN109724661A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-07 | 上汽通用汽车有限公司 | 低温环境下车辆油耗的测算方法 |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6292135B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-14 | 2018-03-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
KR101926927B1 (ko) | 2016-11-14 | 2018-12-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Ffv의 엔진 시동 제어 방법 |
US10107219B2 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-23 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for engine cold-start |
US10550783B2 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2020-02-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for engine cold-start |
JP2021046846A (ja) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-03-25 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | 燃料噴射制御装置及び燃料噴射制御方法 |
JP7171531B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-24 | 2022-11-15 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料噴射制御装置 |
CN114934846B (zh) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-07-25 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 引燃油控制提前角的控制方法、装置、设备及存储介质 |
CN115387936A (zh) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-25 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种高原增程器低温冷启动控制方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03121227A (ja) * | 1989-10-04 | 1991-05-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の燃料供給装置 |
JP2008069700A (ja) * | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の燃料制御装置 |
JP2008223676A (ja) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 筒内噴射式エンジンの燃料噴射制御装置 |
JP2009191650A (ja) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-27 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
WO2010079623A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 火花点火式内燃機関 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH04224244A (ja) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-08-13 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの空燃比制御装置 |
JP2860719B2 (ja) * | 1991-04-02 | 1999-02-24 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 空燃比制御装置 |
JP3552609B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-30 | 2004-08-11 | マツダ株式会社 | 火花点火式直噴エンジンの制御装置 |
JP4336444B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-12 | 2009-09-30 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の可変動弁装置 |
DE10156140B4 (de) * | 2000-11-21 | 2005-12-15 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo K.K. | Variable Ventilsteuerung |
JP3870692B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-24 | 2007-01-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 筒内噴射式火花点火内燃機関 |
DE10222703B4 (de) * | 2001-05-23 | 2015-06-18 | Denso Corporation | Steuergerät für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
KR20040074591A (ko) * | 2002-01-31 | 2004-08-25 | 마츠다 가부시키가이샤 | 다기통 불꽃 점화 엔진용 제어 장치 |
JP4416377B2 (ja) * | 2002-05-16 | 2010-02-17 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
US7992537B2 (en) | 2007-10-04 | 2011-08-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Approach for improved fuel vaporization in a directly injected internal combustion engine |
US7621257B1 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2009-11-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Engine valve operation |
JP2010037968A (ja) | 2008-08-01 | 2010-02-18 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の燃料噴射制御装置 |
JP2010133288A (ja) | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-17 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
JP5500102B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-24 | 2014-05-21 | マツダ株式会社 | 火花点火式ガソリンエンジンの制御装置 |
-
2013
- 2013-04-15 JP JP2013084713A patent/JP5987763B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-04-03 DE DE112014001963.1T patent/DE112014001963B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-04-03 CN CN201480020717.0A patent/CN105102793B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-04-03 WO PCT/JP2014/001942 patent/WO2014171092A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-04-03 MX MX2015014334A patent/MX346704B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2014-04-03 US US14/783,358 patent/US9926860B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03121227A (ja) * | 1989-10-04 | 1991-05-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の燃料供給装置 |
JP2008069700A (ja) * | 2006-09-13 | 2008-03-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の燃料制御装置 |
JP2008223676A (ja) * | 2007-03-14 | 2008-09-25 | Toyota Motor Corp | 筒内噴射式エンジンの燃料噴射制御装置 |
JP2009191650A (ja) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-27 | Denso Corp | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
WO2010079623A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-06 | 2010-07-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 火花点火式内燃機関 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106704004A (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-24 | 日立汽车系统(中国)有限公司 | 内燃机以及内燃机的控制方法 |
CN106704004B (zh) * | 2015-11-13 | 2020-06-16 | 日立汽车系统(中国)有限公司 | 内燃机以及内燃机的控制方法 |
CN109724661A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-07 | 上汽通用汽车有限公司 | 低温环境下车辆油耗的测算方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112014001963B4 (de) | 2020-06-25 |
CN105102793A (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
US9926860B2 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
DE112014001963T5 (de) | 2015-12-24 |
JP5987763B2 (ja) | 2016-09-07 |
MX346704B (es) | 2017-03-29 |
US20160069280A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
MX2015014334A (es) | 2015-12-07 |
JP2014206116A (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
CN105102793B (zh) | 2018-01-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5987763B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP5987764B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
US9909514B2 (en) | Direct injection of diluents or secondary fuels in gaseous fuel engines | |
US9297329B2 (en) | Method and system for engine control | |
US10400702B2 (en) | Engine fueling during exit from a deceleration fuel shut-off condition | |
CN106677910B (zh) | 用于双燃料喷射的方法和系统 | |
US20150252772A1 (en) | Control device for internal combustion engine | |
JP5924098B2 (ja) | 直噴エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP5987765B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP6070412B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP4968206B2 (ja) | 内燃機関及び内燃機関の燃料噴射制御装置 | |
JP6011433B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジン | |
JP6044102B2 (ja) | 直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 | |
JP6002521B2 (ja) | 筒内噴射エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP6020351B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP5910571B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP2013224621A (ja) | 直噴エンジンの始動方法及び直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 | |
JP5999016B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジン | |
JP5958408B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジン | |
JP5942928B2 (ja) | 火花点火式エンジンの制御装置 | |
JP5915354B2 (ja) | 直噴エンジンの始動制御装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201480020717.0 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14785182 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14783358 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/A/2015/014334 Country of ref document: MX |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112014001963 Country of ref document: DE Ref document number: 1120140019631 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: 112015025899 Country of ref document: BR |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 14785182 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112015025899 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20151009 |
|
ENPC | Correction to former announcement of entry into national phase, pct application did not enter into the national phase |
Ref country code: BR Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 1.3 NA RPI NO 2429 DE 25/07/2017 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01E Ref document number: 112015025899 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Free format text: APRESENTAR A TRADUCAO SIMPLES DA FOLHA DE ROSTO DA CERTIDAO DE DEPOSITO DA PRIORIDADE JP 2013-084713 DE 15/04/2013 OU DECLARACAO CONTENDO, OBRIGATORIAMENTE, TODOS OS DADOS IDENTIFICADORES DESTA (DEPOSITANTE(S), INVENTOR(ES), NUMERO DE REGISTRO, DATA DE DEPOSITO E TITULO), CONFORME O PARAGRAFO UNICO DO ART. 25 DA RESOLUCAO 77/2013, UMA VEZ QUE NAO FOI POSSIVEL DETERMINAR O(S) TITULAR(ES) DA CITADA PRIORIDADE, NEM SEUS INVENTORES, INFORMACAO NECESSARIA PARA O EXAME. |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 112015025899 Country of ref document: BR Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20151009 |