WO2014132869A1 - 乳癌の判定法 - Google Patents
乳癌の判定法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014132869A1 WO2014132869A1 PCT/JP2014/053991 JP2014053991W WO2014132869A1 WO 2014132869 A1 WO2014132869 A1 WO 2014132869A1 JP 2014053991 W JP2014053991 W JP 2014053991W WO 2014132869 A1 WO2014132869 A1 WO 2014132869A1
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- breast cancer
- fucosylated
- cancer marker
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- present
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57407—Specifically defined cancers
- G01N33/57415—Specifically defined cancers of breast
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
- C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
- C07K14/473—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used alpha-Glycoproteins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/574—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/57484—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumor, cancer, neoplasia, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides, metabolites
- G01N33/57488—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumor, cancer, neoplasia, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides, metabolites involving compounds identifable in body fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2400/00—Assays, e.g. immunoassays or enzyme assays, involving carbohydrates
- G01N2400/02—Assays, e.g. immunoassays or enzyme assays, involving carbohydrates involving antibodies to sugar part of glycoproteins
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2440/00—Post-translational modifications [PTMs] in chemical analysis of biological material
- G01N2440/38—Post-translational modifications [PTMs] in chemical analysis of biological material addition of carbohydrates, e.g. glycosylation, glycation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel breast cancer marker, a method for detecting it and determining (diagnosis / testing) breast cancer based on the result, and a kit used for the determination.
- diagnosis by detecting a breast cancer marker in a sample such as body fluid or blood, or diagnosis by mammography is performed.
- carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is used as a marker, and the amount of the marker in a sample is measured using a diagnostic kit or the like, and based on the result. Diagnosis of breast cancer.
- this method is not a practical breast cancer definitive diagnosis because the accuracy of showing breast cancer specificity is poor.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-131322 identifies a patient having breast cancer or pre-mammary cancer by using a subject's milk duct fluid as a sample and detecting a component in the breast duct fluid. A method is disclosed.
- this document describes a large number of marker candidates including extracellular matrix proteins and apolipoproteins, it merely lists the marker candidates and does not analyze the components in the breast duct fluid of breast cancer patients. Therefore, it is unclear from the disclosure of Patent Document 1 whether the many listed markers are really useful as breast cancer markers.
- Patent Document 2 a tissue piece of a breast cancer patient is analyzed by LC-ESI-MS / MS (liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry), and PDX1 (peroxy It describes that redoxin 1) was selected as a breast cancer marker candidate and that PXD1 was detected in the serum of breast cancer patients. There is also a description suggesting that breast cancer is diagnosed by the combined use of PDX1 and other markers. However, there is no disclosure of evidence indicating that these markers are specific for breast cancer, such as measurement results of these markers in samples from non-breast cancer patients. Therefore, it has not been confirmed whether PDX1 is useful as a breast cancer marker and whether a combination with other markers can be used for diagnosis of breast cancer.
- breast cancer diagnostic methods using mammography often have mental and physical distress for the examinee (subject).
- it is difficult to image a young group with high breast density it is still not a highly accurate breast cancer diagnostic technique.
- the conventional breast cancer diagnosis methods have the above-mentioned problems, so the breast cancer screening rate does not improve, the diagnosis of early breast cancer and breast cancer is delayed, and as a result results in the prevention of breast cancer morbidity and breast cancer mortality. It is a big social problem. In order to solve these problems, development of a new breast cancer diagnosis technique using a less invasive and highly accurate breast cancer marker as an index for breast cancer diagnosis is awaited.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel breast cancer marker useful for the detection of breast cancer, and a novel breast cancer determination method with high accuracy by detecting the breast cancer marker.
- the present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-described problems, and has the following configuration.
- a breast cancer marker selected from the group consisting of fucosylated hornerin, fucosylated Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, fucosylated Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region, and fucosylated desmoplakin.
- a breast cancer comprising a reagent for detecting a breast cancer marker selected from the group consisting of fucosylated hornerin, fucosylated Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, fucosylated Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region, and fucosylated desmoplakin.
- the present inventors directly obtain information in the breast duct that is the site of breast cancer onset.
- Nipple discharge (ND) that can be used as a sample
- LC lectin affinity liquid chromatography
- proteomics by nano LC-ESI-MS / MS, the latest two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC) / mass spectrometry (MS) system, a nipple secretion containing a large number of components The components in it were analyzed.
- a new marker that is expected to be a promising breast cancer marker by comparing the results of nano LC-ESI-MS / MS using nipple discharge derived from breast cancer patients and non-breast cancer patients. Sorted out. And when these markers were used as an index, it was found that breast cancer can be accurately determined, and the present invention was completed.
- the determination method using the breast cancer marker of the present invention enables determination (diagnosis, inspection) of breast cancer with higher accuracy.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention is found, for example, in the nipple secretion, it is possible to determine (diagnose and test) breast cancer noninvasively and simply.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention fucosylated hornelin, fucosylated Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, fucosylated Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region, which has a fucosylated sugar chain modified with fucose,
- Breast cancer markers selected from the group consisting of fucosylated desmoplakin hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to as “the breast cancer marker of the present invention”.
- the number of fucose modifications in the fucosylated sugar chain, the modification location, the structure of the sugar chain, etc. are not particularly limited.
- the fucose involved in fucosylation may be either L-fucose or D-fucose.
- the fucosylation bond mode is not limited, and examples thereof include ⁇ 1,2 bond, ⁇ 1,3 bond, ⁇ 1,4 bond, and ⁇ 1,6 bond.
- fucosylated glycoproteins in which the sugar chains of these glycoproteins are modified with fucose are useful as an indicator (breast cancer marker) for determining breast cancer. For the first time.
- the method for obtaining data for determining breast cancer of the present invention includes “fucosylated hornerin, fucosylated Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, fucosylated Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region, and fucosylated desmoplakin in a sample.
- the method for detecting each breast cancer marker of the present invention includes a conventional method for detecting and measuring each component of each breast cancer marker of the present invention.
- the reagent for detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention used for it may be any reagent used in a conventional method for detecting and measuring each component of the breast cancer marker of the present invention.
- the method for detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention for example, so-called enzyme immunization using a substance having affinity for the breast cancer marker of the present invention (for example, antibody, lectin, protein, various receptors, various ligands, etc.).
- a substance having affinity for the breast cancer marker of the present invention for example, antibody, lectin, protein, various receptors, various ligands, etc.
- Known immunological measurement methods such as measurement method (EIA), radioimmunoassay method (RIA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA), fluorescent immunoassay method (FIA), simple immunochromatographic assay method, etc.
- a method using a combination of these with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, capillary chip electrophoresis and the like can be mentioned.
- the measurement principle include, but are not limited to, a sandwich method, a competitive method, a two-antibody method, and the like.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention may be detected by a measurement method according to an immunoagglutination method such as an immunoratio wax method or an immunoturbidimetric method. These detection methods may be performed according to a method known per se.
- an immunoagglutination method such as an immunoratio wax method or an immunoturbidimetric method.
- the antibody used to detect the breast cancer marker of the present invention specifically recognizes fucosylated hornellin, fucosylated Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, fucosylated Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region, or fucosylated desmoplakin Any antibody may be used. Moreover, as long as it has such a property, any of a polyclonal antibody and a monoclonal antibody, for example, may be used, and these may be used alone or in appropriate combination. In addition, these antibodies may be used as F (ab ′) 2 , Fab ′, or Fab after digestion with an enzyme such as pepsin or papain, if necessary. Furthermore, a commercially available antibody against the breast cancer marker of the present invention can also be used.
- the test sample is subjected to affinity LC using a lectin having affinity for a fucose residue as described later, lectin electrophoresis, etc., and has a fucosylated sugar chain in the test sample by a conventional method.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention can also be detected by a method of carrying out a normal detection method for detecting hornerin, Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region, or desmoplakin after separating the glycoprotein. it can.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention can be detected more easily without going through a plurality of steps such as a step of detecting a glycoprotein.
- Reagents used for detecting the above-described breast cancer marker of the present invention the concentration at the time of detection, the measurement conditions for carrying out the detection, etc. (reaction temperature, reaction time, pH at the time of reaction, measurement wavelength, measurement device, etc.) ) May be set according to the measurement method of the above-described immunological measurement method known per se, and any of the automatic analyzers and spectrophotometers that are usually used in this field are also used. Can be used without exception.
- reagents usually used in this field for example, stabilizers such as buffers, reaction accelerators, sugars, proteins, salts, surfactants, A preservative or the like that does not inhibit the stability of coexisting reagents or the like and does not inhibit the reaction between the breast cancer marker of the present invention and the antibody against the breast cancer marker of the present invention may be included.
- concentration may be appropriately selected from a concentration range usually used in this field.
- two or more breast cancer markers of the present invention may be detected in combination.
- the combination may be any combination of two or more of the breast cancer markers of the present invention, and is not particularly limited.
- any combination of one or more breast cancer markers of the present invention and one or more breast cancer markers other than the breast cancer marker of the present invention may be used.
- the detection of the breast cancer marker of the present invention is not limited to the method used, and may be performed by a measurement system using an automatic analyzer.
- an automatic analyzer There are no particular restrictions on the combination of reagents, etc. when performing measurement using a method for use or an automatic analyzer, depending on the environment and model of the automatic analyzer to be applied, or taking other factors into consideration
- the combination of reagents and the like that are considered to be the best may be appropriately selected and used.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention is subjected to affinity LC using a so-called lectin column, and after separation and fractionation of a fucosylated glycoprotein in which the sugar chain to be detected is fucosylated, nano LC-ESI-MS / MS Detection may be performed by conducting a protein exhaustive analysis.
- Nano LC-ESI-MS / MS uses a nano liquid chromatograph as a separation means, sends it at a low flow rate of several hundred nL / min, and separates the components in the sample with a liquid chromatograph for a sample consisting of many components. After that, the mass analysis is performed online by electrospray ionization, and the mass component specified by the mass analysis is performed again using collision-induced dissociation. In this analysis method, after mass spectrometry is performed once, only specific mass components are subjected to mass spectrometry again, and the obtained fragment pattern is analyzed, so that more detailed analysis can be performed.
- lectins used for affinity LC using a lectin column include those having an affinity for fucose residues, such as Aleuria aurantia Lectin (AAL) and lentil lectin (Lens culinaris agglutinin, LCA).
- AAL and LCA are known to have affinity for fucose residues
- fucosylated glycoproteins can be separated by affinity LC of AAL and LCA.
- the lectin affinity LC may be performed by a conventional method under conditions that allow fucosylated glycoproteins to be collected. For example, the mobile phase is fed at a flow rate of several hundreds ⁇ L / min.
- fucosylated glycoprotein is adsorbed on the column using Bis-Tris pH 6 aqueous solution, and then applied to the column using about 20 mM L-fucose aqueous solution.
- the adsorbed fucosylated glycoprotein is desorbed from the column, and the protein fraction detected by the ultraviolet absorption method using ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 280 nm may be collected.
- AAL forms a dimer consisting of two subunits with a molecular weight of approximately 36 kDa. It contains ⁇ -1,6 linked fucose to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and ⁇ -1,3 bonded to GlcNAc. This lectin has binding specificity to fucose.
- the fucosylated glycoprotein in the collected fraction is digested with an enzyme such as trypsin and then introduced into nano LC-ESI-MS / MS.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention is detected by nano LC-ESI-MS / MS
- the LC portion of the nano LC-ESI-MS / MS can be detected by using two separation systems having different pHs, and two-dimensional nano LC-ESI -It may be detected by performing a protein exhaustive analysis by MS / MS.
- a specific example of the method for detecting a breast cancer marker of the present invention by two-dimensional nano LC-ESI-MS / MS is as follows.
- the mobile phase is a basic solution (pH 9 to 10) such as about 20 mM ammonium formate aqueous solution or about 70 mM triethylamine aqueous solution and acetonitrile, and several ⁇ L / min.
- the liquid is fed at a low flow rate (preferably 5 to 500 ⁇ L / min) to separate the components in the sample, and for example, several tens of fractions are collected at regular time intervals of about 1 to 10 minutes.
- a 0.1% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid solution is added to each fraction to dissolve the separated components.
- each total amount of each fraction solution obtained is applied to a second-dimensional liquid chromatograph and separated by the following method. That is, the total amount of each of the above-mentioned fractions was applied to a reversed-phase chromatographic column, and the mobile phase was an acidic solution (pH 2-3) such as 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution, acetonitrile / 0.1 % Formic acid is fed at a low flow rate of several tens to hundreds of nL / min (preferably 50 to 500 nL / min), a large number of components in each fraction are separated, and ESI-MS / MS is performed online.
- an acidic solution pH 2-3
- the breast cancer determination method of the present invention is “a breast cancer determination method in which the breast cancer marker of the present invention is detected and determined based on the result”. That is, by detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention by the above method and determining breast cancer using the breast cancer marker of the present invention as an index based on the result, data (for example, presence / absence, concentration, degree of increase in amount) Etc.). Using the obtained data, breast cancer determination (diagnosis / examination) is performed by the following method, for example.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention by detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention in a sample derived from a subject and detecting that the breast cancer marker is detected, it is possible to determine that the subject has a risk of breast cancer or a high risk of breast cancer. is there. Alternatively, when the breast cancer marker is not detected, it can be determined that the subject has no risk of breast cancer or has a low risk of breast cancer.
- the amount of the breast cancer marker of the present invention contained in the sample is determined by the above method. Then, the result is compared with the result obtained in advance using a sample derived from a non-breast cancer patient as a separate sample in advance, and the amount of the breast cancer marker contained in the sample derived from the subject is included in the sample derived from the non-breast cancer patient. From the test result that the amount is larger than the amount, it is possible to determine that the subject has a risk of breast cancer or a high risk of breast cancer.
- the subject has no risk of breast cancer. It is possible to determine that the risk of breast cancer is low.
- a reference value is set in advance, and from the test result that the amount of the breast cancer marker of the present invention is larger than the reference value of the breast cancer marker, it is determined that the subject has a risk of breast cancer or the subject has a high risk of breast cancer. Is possible.
- a plurality of judgment categories are set corresponding to the amount of the breast cancer marker or its quantitative range [for example, (1) there is no risk of breast cancer, (2) there is a low risk of breast cancer, (3) there are signs of breast cancer It is also possible to determine which determination category the test result is in (4) high risk of breast cancer, etc.].
- the amount of the breast cancer marker of the present invention in the subject-derived sample measured at a certain time point is compared with the amount of the breast cancer marker at a different time point, and whether there is an increase or decrease in the amount of the breast cancer marker. Further, by evaluating the degree of increase / decrease, it is possible to diagnose the degree of progression or malignancy of breast cancer, or postoperative prognosis. That is, from the test result that an increase in the amount of the breast cancer marker was observed, the disease progressed to breast cancer (or the malignancy of breast cancer increased), or there was an indication of progression of the disease state to breast cancer (or breast cancer). Can be determined).
- the pathology of breast cancer has improved or that there is an indication of improvement in the pathology of breast cancer.
- a method of detecting and measuring two or more breast cancer markers of the present invention and determining breast cancer based on the results is also included. For example, by detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention alone or in combination of two or more, the presence pattern of the breast cancer marker of the present invention characteristic to breast cancer patients can be obtained. Therefore, by detecting and identifying the breast cancer marker of the present invention from a sample such as the nipple secretion of the subject and analyzing the presence pattern of these breast cancer markers, it is possible to estimate whether or not the subject has developed breast cancer. It becomes.
- the combination of two or more breast cancer markers may be arbitrarily selected from the group consisting of the breast cancer markers of the present invention.
- the detection of the present invention may be performed using any combination of one or more breast cancer markers of the present invention and one or more breast cancer markers other than the breast cancer marker of the present invention.
- each breast cancer marker may be detected and measured, and breast cancer may be determined by the same method as described above.
- Examples of the sample used for detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention include a subject's nipple secretion, or a biological sample such as blood (whole blood), serum, plasma, urine, lymph, etc. It is not limited.
- nipple discharge fluid examples include, but are not limited to, a nipple discharge fluid that is naturally secreted from one or both breasts of a subject, a secretion fluid that exudes by breast massage, and a nipple aspirate fluid.
- the sample can be collected non-invasively to the subject, which is excellent in that the burden on the patient is much less.
- the “kit for detecting a breast cancer marker for determining breast cancer” of the present invention includes a reagent for detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention as a constituent element.
- the “reagent for detecting a breast cancer marker of the present invention” and preferred embodiments and specific examples of the constituents thereof are as described in the description of the method for obtaining data for determining breast cancer of the present invention. Moreover, a preferable embodiment such as the concentration of these reagents may be appropriately selected from a concentration range usually used in this field.
- a reagent for detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention one containing a substance having affinity for the breast cancer marker of the present invention can be mentioned.
- substances having affinity for the breast cancer marker of the present invention include, for example, antibodies and lectins, and specific examples thereof are described in the description of the method for obtaining data for determining breast cancer described above. Street.
- the kit may comprise a reagent or kit for detecting one kind of breast cancer marker, or may comprise a combination of a plurality of reagents or kits for detecting a plurality of breast cancer markers.
- the reagents included in these kits include reagents usually used in this field, such as buffers, reaction accelerators, sugars, proteins, salts, stabilizers such as surfactants, preservatives, and the like.
- reagents usually used in this field such as buffers, reaction accelerators, sugars, proteins, salts, stabilizers such as surfactants, preservatives, and the like.
- a reagent that does not inhibit the stability of the coexisting reagent or the like and does not inhibit the reaction between the breast cancer marker of the present invention and the antibody (or lectin or the like) may be contained.
- the concentration may be appropriately selected from the concentration range usually used in this field.
- kits which combined the standard of the breast cancer marker for calibration curve preparation used when detecting the said breast cancer marker.
- the standard a commercially available standard product or a product manufactured according to a known method may be used.
- the kit of the present invention may contain a method for obtaining data for determining breast cancer of the present invention or instructions for use in the method for determining breast cancer.
- the “instructions” are the instruction manuals, package inserts, pamphlets (leaflets), etc. of the kits in which the features, principles, operation procedures, judgment procedures, etc. of the method are substantially described in text or diagrams. Means.
- Example 1 Selection of breast cancer markers (1) Pretreatment of samples introduced into lectin affinity LC using AAL (Aleuria aurantia Lectin) Each nipple secretion solution collected from breast cancer patients (10 subjects) Several ⁇ L) was added to 100 ⁇ L of a sample stock solution (aqueous solution containing 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate and 0.02% sodium azide), and centrifuged at 18,000 ⁇ g for 5 minutes at 4 ° C. After separating the supernatant, 5 ⁇ L of the supernatant was diluted 20-fold using AAL Adsorption buffer (GALAB Technologies, Geesthacht, Germany), and 100 ⁇ L of the obtained measurement sample was subjected to AAL affinity LC measurement by the following method.
- AAL Aleuria aurantia Lectin
- Each condition of AAL affinity LC measurement is as follows.
- HPLC column Affisep-AAL Affinity column, 4mm id x 5 cm (manufactured by GALAB Technologies) Flow rate: 250 ⁇ L / min
- a Solvent AAL Adsorption buffer (manufactured by GALAB Technologies)
- B Solvent AAL Elution buffer (manufactured by GALAB Technologies) Elution: 0 min ⁇ 20 min: 0% B solvent, 20 minutes ⁇ 35 minutes: 100% B solvent, 35 min ⁇ 50 min: equilibrated with 0% B solvent.
- trypsin mass spectrometry grade, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wis., USA
- trypsin mass spectrometry grade, Promega Corporation, Madison, Wis., USA
- the obtained trypsin digestion product was prepared to about 250 fmol / ⁇ L in terms of Bovine serum albumin, and two-dimensional nano LC-ESI-MS / MS measurement was performed by the following method.
- LC condition first dimension
- HPLC column Acclaim PA2, 300 ⁇ m id x 15 cm reverse phase column (manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Dionex))
- Flow rate 6.0 ⁇ L / min
- a Solvent 20 mM ammonium formate aqueous solution, pH 10.0
- B solvent acetonitrile Elution: 0 min ⁇ 19 min: linear gradient from 12% to 20% B solvent, 19 min ⁇ 29 min: linear gradient up to 48% B solvent, 29 minutes ⁇ 34 minutes: wash with 95% B solvent, 34 min ⁇ 75 min: equilibrated with 2% B solvent.
- HPLC column L-column Micro L2-C18, 75 ⁇ m id x 15 cm reversed phase column (Chemicals Research Institute) Flow rate: 300 nL / min A Solvent: 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution, pH 2.0 B solvent: acetonitrile / 0.1% formic acid Elution: 0 min ⁇ 1 min: linear gradient up to 8% B solvent, 1 min to 20 min: linear gradient up to 20% B solvent, 20 min to 25 min: linear gradient up to 35% B solvent, 25 minutes ⁇ 30 minutes: wash with 95% B solvent, 30 min ⁇ 45 min: equilibrated with 2% B solvent. Column temperature: Room temperature Injection volume: 30 ⁇ L
- Ionization method Electrospray ionization method (ESP method) Measurement ion: Positive ion Spray voltage: 1200V Dry gas: Nitrogen (4 L / min) Ion source temperature: 160 ° C Scanning range: m / z 300 to 1,500 (MS / MS measurement: m / z 50 to 2,200) Precursor ion selection number: 4 ions / mass spectrum Minimum precursor ion intensity: 50,000 counts Precursor ion selection exclusion time: 30 s Precursor ion exclusion valence: 1
- Protein search engine Mascot (Matrix Science Ltd., London, UK)
- Protein search method MS / MS Ion Search Protein Database: Swiss-Prot Animal species classification at protein search: Homo sapiens (human) Post-translational modification at protein search: Carbamidomethyl (Cysteine residue modification) Allowable number of trypsin uncleaved sites: 1 Precursor ion mass tolerance: ⁇ 0.5 Da Product ion mass tolerance: ⁇ 1 Da
- Identification protein analysis software Scaffold (Proteome Software, Inc., Portland, OR, USA)
- proteins specifically detected from breast cancer patient samples were selected as breast cancer marker candidates by the following method.
- Ratio A of the number (n1) of breast cancer patients in which each protein component was detected in the sample among the 10 breast cancer patients who were analyzed.
- Ratio B of the number of non-breast cancer patients (n2) in which each protein component was detected in the sample among 10 non-breast cancer patients who were analyzed, and
- Ratio A / Ratio B Ratio C
- Table 1 shows a list of fucosylated protein components having a ratio C of 2.00 or more among the 119 fucosylated protein components detected in (5) above due to space limitations.
- the protein component suspected of being a blood-derived component is excluded from the list of protein components listed in Table 1, and the proportion of breast cancer patients in which the protein component is detected is 30% (ratio A) or more of all breast cancer patients.
- a protein component having a ratio C of 2.0 or more was selected as a breast cancer marker candidate, and the ratios A, B, and C of each breast cancer marker are shown in Table 2.
- the statistical results of hornerin are shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, * is excluded from the target of statistical analysis as an upper outlier in the statistical analysis.
- the fucosylated Hornerin, Zn- ⁇ -2-glycoprotein, Ig ⁇ -1 chain C region (Ig gamma-1 chain C region) described in Table 2 ) And desmoplakin were selected as breast cancer markers of the present invention.
- these breast cancer markers were present at higher concentrations in the nipple secretions of breast cancer patients than in the nipple secretions of non-breast cancer patients. Moreover, since these components have not been used as a breast cancer marker, they are extremely promising as a novel breast cancer marker.
- breast cancer and its progress can be determined by detecting the breast cancer marker of the present invention alone or in combination of two or more.
- the presence pattern of the breast cancer marker of the present invention which is characteristic for breast cancer patients, can be obtained by detecting these breast cancer markers alone or in combination of two or more. Therefore, by detecting and identifying the breast cancer marker of the present invention from a sample such as the nipple secretion of the subject and analyzing the presence pattern of these breast cancer markers, it is possible to estimate whether or not the subject has developed breast cancer. It is expected to be
- the determination method using the breast cancer marker of the present invention enables determination (diagnosis, inspection) of breast cancer with higher accuracy.
- the breast cancer marker of the present invention is found, for example, in the nipple secretion, it is possible to determine (diagnose, test) breast cancer noninvasively and simply. As a result, breast cancer diagnosis according to the present invention with less mental and physical distress promotes the breast cancer screening of younger generations and younger breast-feeding women during and after breastfeeding voluntarily. An economic effect is expected by improving the screening rate and reducing breast cancer mortality.
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Abstract
Description
(1)フコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から選択される乳癌マーカー。
(2)試料中のフコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から任意に選択される1つ以上の乳癌マーカーを検出し、その結果に基づいて判定する、乳癌の判定法。
(3)フコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から選択される乳癌マーカーを検出する試薬を含む、乳癌を判定するために乳癌マーカーを検出するためのキット。
なお、AALは分子量約 36 kDa の二つのサブユニットから成る二量体を形成しており、N-アセチルグルコサミン (GlcNAc) に α-1,6 結合したフコースや,GlcNAc に α-1,3 結合したフコースに結合特異性を有するレクチンである。
さらにまた本発明のキットには、本発明の乳癌の判定を行うためのデータを得る方法、又は乳癌の判定法での使用のための説明書等を含ませておいても良い。当該「説明書」とは、当該方法における特徴・原理・操作手順、判定手順等が文章又は図表等により実質的に記載されている当該キットの取扱説明書、添付文書、あるいはパンフレット(リーフレット)等を意味する。
(1)AAL(Aleuria aurantia Lectin、ヒイロチャワンタケレクチン)を用いたレクチンアフィニティLCに導入される試料の前処理
乳癌患者(10名)から採取したそれぞれの乳頭分泌液(数μL)を、100μL のサンプル保存液(50 mM 炭酸水素アンモニウムと0.02% アジ化ナトリウムを含有する水溶液)に加え、4℃、5分間、18,000 x g で遠心した。上澄みを分取後その内5μLをAAL Adsorption buffer (GALAB Technologies, Geesthacht, Germany) を用いて20倍に希釈し、得られた測定試料100μLを以下の方法でAALアフィニティLC測定に付した。
上記(1)で得られた測定試料を、Affisep-AAL Affinity column(4mm i.d. x 5 cm) (GALAB Technologies, Geesthacht, Germany) を装着したHPLC装置 (1200 series, Agilent Technologies, Morges, Switzerland) に注入した。移動相A、及びBは各々 AAL Adsorption bufferとAAL Elution buffer (GALAB Technologies, Geesthacht, Germany) を用いた。試料中のAAL非結合性タンパク質とAAL結合性タンパク質の分離を目的として、流速は250μL/min、50分のステップワイズで分離し、AAL非結合画分(0分から6分)、AAL結合画分(22分から38分)をそれぞれ分取した。
HPLCカラム:Affisep-AAL Affinity column, 4mm i.d. x 5 cm(GALAB Technologies 製)
流速:250μL/分
A 溶媒:AAL Adsorption buffer (GALAB Technologies 製)
B 溶媒:AAL Elution buffer (GALAB Technologies 製)
溶出: 0 分→20 分:0% B 溶媒、
20 分→35 分:100% B 溶媒、
35 分→50 分:0% B 溶媒で平衡化。
カラム温度:20 ℃
注入量:100μL
上記(2)のAALアフィニティLCより分取されたAAL結合画分をAmicon Ultra 3K (Millipore Corporation, Billerica, MA, USA) を用いて限外濾過 (7,500 x g, 40分) を行い、さらに、50mM炭酸水素アンモニウムを1mL加え溶媒置換 (7,500 x g, 40分) を行った後、280nmの波長の紫外線を用いた紫外吸収法によりタンパク質濃度を求めた。溶媒置換された約100μLの試料に45mM ジチオトレイトール水溶液を 1μL 加えて還元し、タンパク質を変性させるためトリフルオロエタノールを 50% になるよう加え、60 ℃、1時間加熱した。加熱後室温に戻し、100 mM のヨードアセトアミド水溶液を 1μL 加えて室温暗環境下において1時間アルキル化を行った。次いで、トリフルオロエタノールの割合が 5%になるように50 mM 炭酸水素アンモニウム水溶液を加えて調製した。次いでタンパク質重量の 1/20量のトリプシン量となるように100ng/μLに調製したトリプシン(マススペクトロメトリーグレード、Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA)溶液を加え、37 ℃ で一晩インキュベートした。得られたトリプシン消化産物を Bovine serum albumin 換算で約 250 fmol/μLに調製し、以下の方法で二次元ナノLC-ESI-MS/MS測定を行った。
上記(3)で得られたトリプシン消化産物のうち40μLを、二次元 Nano HPLC system (UltiMate 3000; Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Dionex), Waltham, MA, USA) に装着した Acclaim PA2, 300μm i.d. x 15 cm 逆相カラム (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Dionex), Waltham, MA, USA) を用いて A 溶媒 20 mM ギ酸アンモニウム水溶液, pH 10.0、B 溶媒 アセトニトリルを用い、75分のグラジエント(12~95% の B 溶媒)で分離し 26 個の画分を得た。それらの画分を 70 ℃ で4時間加熱して溶媒を蒸発させた。次いで各々の画分に 0.1% トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液を 30μL 加えて、分離した成分を溶解させた。次いで、得られた各画分溶液の各全量を、それぞれ L-column Micro L2-C18, 75μm i.d. x 15 cm 逆相カラム((財)化学物質評価研究機構製)を用いて A 溶媒 0.1% ギ酸水溶液、B 溶媒 アセトニトリル/0.1% ギ酸を用い、45分のグラジエント(2~95% の B 溶媒)で分離し、連続的にナノESIイオン源を装着したESI-イオントラップ型質量分析計 (HCTultra; Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany)でデータ依存的スキャンを用いてオンライン分析した。各試料について、2回のランを行った。
i)LC 条件
(一次元目)
HPLCカラム:Acclaim PA2, 300μm i.d. x 15 cm 逆相カラム (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Dionex) 製)
流速:6.0μL/分
A 溶媒:20 mM ギ酸アンモニウム水溶液, pH 10.0
B 溶媒:アセトニトリル
溶出: 0 分→19 分:12% から 20% B 溶媒までリニアグラジエント、
19 分→29 分:48% B 溶媒までリニアグラジエント、
29 分→34 分:95% B 溶媒で洗浄、
34 分→75 分:2% B 溶媒で平衡化。
(なお、溶出開始後すぐにB溶媒の濃度を上げたので、溶出開始後ほとんど
0分で、溶出液のB溶媒の濃度は12%になっている。)
カラム温度:35 ℃
注入量:40μL
分画数:26
HPLCカラム:L-column Micro L2-C18, 75μm i.d. x 15 cm 逆相カラム
((財)化学物質評価研究機構製)
流速:300 nL/分
A 溶媒:0.1% ギ酸水溶液, pH 2.0
B 溶媒:アセトニトリル/0.1% ギ酸
溶出: 0 分→ 1 分:8% B 溶媒までリニアグラジエント、
1 分→20 分:20% B 溶媒までリニアグラジエント、
20 分→25 分:35% B 溶媒までリニアグラジエント、
25 分→30 分:95% B 溶媒で洗浄、
30 分→45 分:2% B 溶媒で平衡化。
カラム温度:室温
注入量:30μL
イオン化法:エレクトロスプレーイオン化法 (electrospray ionization 法、ESI 法)
測定イオン:正イオン
スプレー電圧:1200V
ドライガス:窒素(4 L/min)
イオン源温度:160 ℃
走査範囲:m/z 300 ~ 1,500(MS/MS 測定時:m/z 50 ~ 2,200)
プリカーサーイオン選択数:4 イオン/マススペクトル
最小限のプリカーサーイオン強度:50,000 カウント
プリカーサーイオン選択排除時間:30 s
プリカーサーイオン排除価数:1
タンパク質サーチエンジン:Mascot(Matrix Science Ltd., London, UK)
タンパク質サーチ手法:MS/MS Ion Search
タンパク質データベース:Swiss-Prot
タンパク質サーチ時動物種分類:Homo sapiens (human)
タンパク質サーチ時翻訳後修飾設定:Carbamidomethyl (システイン残基修飾)
トリプシン未切断部位許容回数:1
プリカーサーイオン質量許容値:±0.5 Da
プロダクトイオン質量許容値:±1 Da
同定タンパク質解析ソフトウェア:Scaffold(Proteome Software, Inc., Portland, OR, USA)
二次元ナノLC-ESI-MS/MS測定によって、乳癌患者由来試料から82種、非乳癌者由来試料から86種、総計119種のタンパク質成分が検出された。この分析では、特許文献2に記載されたペルオキシレドキシン1は乳癌患者試料及び非乳癌者試料の両方とも検出されなかったことを、付記しておく。
上記(5)の結果を基に、
(i)分析を行った乳癌患者10名中の、各タンパク質成分が試料中に検出された乳癌患者数(n1)の割合(比率A)、
(ii)分析を行った非乳癌者10名中の、各タンパク質成分が試料中に検出された非乳癌者数(n2)の割合(比率B)、及び
(iii)比率A/比率B(比率C)
を求めた。
Claims (12)
- フコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から選択される乳癌マーカー。
- 試料中のフコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から任意に選択される1つ以上の乳癌マーカーを検出する、乳癌の判定を行うためのデータを得る方法。
- 試料が乳頭分泌液である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 試料が血清、血漿、又は全血である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 試料中のフコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から任意に選択される1つ以上の乳癌マーカーを検出し、その結果に基づいて判定する、乳癌の判定法。
- 試料が乳頭分泌液である、請求項5に記載の判定法。
- 試料が血清、血漿、又は全血である、請求項5に記載の判定法。
- フコシル化ホルネリン、フコシル化Zn-α-2-グリコタンパク質、フコシル化Ig γ-1鎖C領域、及びフコシル化デスモプラキンからなる群から選択される乳癌マーカーを検出する試薬を含む、乳癌を判定するために乳癌マーカーを検出するためのキット。
- 乳癌マーカーを検出する試薬が乳癌マーカーに親和性を有する物質を含むものである、請求項8に記載のキット。
- 乳癌マーカーに親和性を有する物質がレクチン又は抗体である、請求項9に記載のキット。
- レクチンがヒイロチャワンタケレクチンである、請求項10に記載のキット。
- 請求項2又は5に記載の方法での使用のための説明書を含む、請求項6に記載のキット。
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KR1020157022636A KR20150122141A (ko) | 2013-02-26 | 2014-02-20 | 유방암의 판정법 |
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EP2963420A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
KR20150122141A (ko) | 2015-10-30 |
JPWO2014132869A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
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