WO2014132862A1 - 活性炭シートの製造方法および活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法 - Google Patents
活性炭シートの製造方法および活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014132862A1 WO2014132862A1 PCT/JP2014/053928 JP2014053928W WO2014132862A1 WO 2014132862 A1 WO2014132862 A1 WO 2014132862A1 JP 2014053928 W JP2014053928 W JP 2014053928W WO 2014132862 A1 WO2014132862 A1 WO 2014132862A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- sheet
- carbon sheet
- light irradiation
- producing
- Prior art date
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006361 Polyflon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010294 electrolyte impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007652 sheet-forming process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/38—Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an activated carbon sheet such as an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor and a method for improving the impregnation property of an electrolytic solution into the activated carbon sheet such as an electrode for an electric double layer capacitor.
- An electric double layer capacitor (hereinafter also referred to as “EDLC”) is a capacitor based on the accumulation of physical charges based on the electric double layer, and has a high output rapid charge / discharge compared with a secondary battery of chemical reaction. It has many advantages such as being possible and non-polluting, and is expected to be used in various applications from small ones for electronic devices to large ones such as car batteries.
- An electrode film for EDLC is usually composed of a powdered electrode such as activated carbon, a conductive material, and a binder such as a fluororesin (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-2105 (Patent Document 1)).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a tetrafluoroethylene resin (polytetrafluoroethylene, hereinafter referred to as “PTFE”) on the surface of a sheet electrode in order to improve the impregnation property of the electrolyte into the sheet electrode. It is also described that the dense smooth layer containing a large amount of the material is destroyed to provide scratches on the surface of the sheet-like electrode.
- PTFE tetrafluoroethylene resin
- the sheet-like electrode is destroyed, and the sheet-like electrode falls off and changes in form (thickness, density, etc.). Stability can be compromised.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for EDLC in a hydrogen atmosphere or the like. By irradiating activated carbon, which is an electrode material, with electromagnetic waves, the functional group containing oxygen present on the surface of the activated carbon is liberated, and the EDLC with high capacity and stable performance is produced using the electrode material for EDLC thus produced. It is described that can be manufactured.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a powder electrode in order to solve various problems caused by a binder such as PVDF adhering to the surface of activated carbon in the production of an electrode body.
- the electrode functional material formed by kneading the material, binder, and solvent is applied to the surface of the metal foil, dried, and then laser-irradiated to maintain the binder function of each particle in a layered manner on the active material surface.
- a technique for removing the adhering binder is described. Examples of this laser include an excimer laser.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 are intended to improve the impregnation property of the electrolytic solution into the electrode film for EDLC.
- JP 2004-2105 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 4-47449 JP 2008-205275 A JP 2002-237434 A
- the present invention has been made in view of the problems in the prior art as described above, and provides a method for producing an activated carbon sheet having high electrolyte impregnation property and high mechanical strength. It aims at providing the method of improving the impregnation property of the electrolyte solution to an activated carbon sheet, maintaining mechanical strength high.
- the present invention relates to the following [1] to [6], for example.
- the accumulated irradiation amount on the sheet surface is 50 to 1000 mJ / cm on at least one surface of the activated carbon sheet containing activated carbon, a carbon conductive material, and a fibrous fluororesin binder, and the fluororesin is PTFE and / or modified PTFE.
- an activated carbon sheet According to the method for producing an activated carbon sheet according to the present invention, it is possible to produce an activated carbon sheet having high electrolytic solution impregnation property and high mechanical strength.
- the impregnation property of the electrolytic solution into the activated carbon sheet can be enhanced while maintaining the mechanical strength of the activated carbon sheet high.
- the method for producing an activated carbon sheet according to the present invention includes a sheet preparation step and a subsequent light irradiation step.
- a sheet containing activated carbon, a carbon conductive material, and a fibrous fluororesin binder is prepared.
- Such a sheet can be produced, for example, by undergoing a sheet forming step of forming a mixture containing activated carbon, a carbon conductive material, and a fluororesin binder into a sheet shape while making the fluororesin into a fiber. .
- the activated carbon the carbon conductive material, and the fluororesin binder, those conventionally used in electric double layer capacitor electrodes can be used.
- Examples of the activated carbon include YP50F (manufactured by Kuraray Chemical Co., Ltd.), Maxsorb (manufactured by Kansai Thermal Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like as commercial products.
- the specific surface area of the activated carbon may be, for example, 1,000 to 2,500 m 2 / g.
- the carbon conductive material includes carbon black.
- Examples of the carbon black include acetylene black, channel black, furnace black, ketjen black, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Commercially available products include Connexex CF (Continental Carbon, Conductive Furnace Black), Ketjen Black ECP600JD (Lion Corporation), Ketjen Black EC (Ketjen Black International, Conductive Furnace Black), Vulcan C (manufactured by Cabot Corporation, conductive furnace black), BLACKBLPEARLS 2000 (manufactured by Cabot Corp., conductive furnace black), Denka acetylene black (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., acetylene black) and the like can be suitably used.
- polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE
- modified PTFE examples include modified PTFE obtained by copolymerizing tetrafluoroethylene and a small amount (for example, 0.5 mol% or less) of other monomers.
- the binder may be granular, for example.
- the binder When the binder is mixed with other components or rolled together with other components, it is easily fiberized by applying a shearing force.
- the ratio of the activated carbon is, for example, 98 parts by weight or less, preferably 55 to 90 parts by weight, more preferably 60 to 80 parts by weight.
- the proportion of the carbon conductive material is, for example, 1 part by weight or more, preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, and the proportion of the fluororesin binder is 1 part by weight or more from the viewpoint of the strength of the activated carbon sheet (electrode film etc.). From the viewpoint of improving the impregnation property of the electrolyte and the like and improving the electrostatic capacity of the battery, it is preferably 2 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight.
- the mixture can be prepared by mixing the activated carbon, the carbon conductive material, and the binder by a conventionally known method.
- a molding aid may be further added to these components.
- the molding aid examples include monohydric alcohols such as water, methanol and ethanol, and polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerin, and monohydric alcohols are preferred from the viewpoint of moldability.
- the amount of the molding aid is preferably 80 parts by weight or more, more preferably 100 to 600 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total of the activated carbon, the carbon conductive material and the fluororesin binder. This molding aid is preferably removed by heating or the like when the mixture (kneaded material) is molded into a sheet or after.
- the method for rolling the mixture (kneaded material) is not particularly limited.
- the kneaded material is preformed into a rod shape or a plate shape by a method such as extrusion or rolling, and this is further rolled with a rolling roll.
- molding in a sheet form by the method of doing etc. is mentioned.
- the rolling roll temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ° C., more preferably 40 to 80 ° C.
- the heating temperature is, for example, 100 to 200 ° C.
- the heating time is, for example, 5 minutes to 5 hours.
- the thickness of the sheet may be appropriately set according to the use of the activated carbon sheet. For example, if the use is an electrode film for EDLC, the thickness may be about 0.05 to 1 mm.
- Light irradiation step light irradiation is performed on at least one surface of the sheet prepared in the sheet preparation step so that the integrated irradiation amount on the sheet surface is 50 to 1000 mJ / cm 2 .
- Light irradiation may be performed on both sides of the sheet.
- the integrated irradiation amount on the sheet surface is preferably 100 from the viewpoint of increasing the impregnating property of the electrolytic solution into the sheet while suppressing a decrease in the mechanical strength of the sheet when the ratio of the amount of the fluororesin binder contained in the sheet is constant. ⁇ 500 mJ / cm 2 .
- Irradiation light UV light Irradiation light wavelength: 10 to 300 nm, more preferably 100 to 250 nm, still more preferably 150 to 200 nm; Atmosphere for light irradiation: inert gas (eg, rare gas such as helium gas or argon gas, nitrogen gas) atmosphere, atmosphere containing oxygen gas (O 2 ) and / or ozone gas, more preferably oxygen gas (O 2 ) An inert gas atmosphere containing 20% by volume or less (preferably 0.01 to 10% by volume).
- inert gas eg, rare gas such as helium gas or argon gas, nitrogen gas
- O 2 oxygen gas
- O 2 oxygen gas
- An inert gas atmosphere containing 20% by volume or less (preferably 0.01 to 10% by volume).
- Examples of the light source for the light irradiation include an excimer lamp, a low-pressure mercury lamp, a YAG laser, and an excimer laser, and an excimer lamp and a low-pressure mercury lamp are preferable from the viewpoint of irradiating light over a wide area of the sheet.
- the excimer lamp is more preferable because it can be processed at low temperature, the cost is low, and the maintenance is excellent.
- the integrated irradiation amount on the sheet surface is smaller than the above range, the impregnation property of the electrolytic solution (particularly water and) into the activated carbon sheet tends not to be improved. Tends to decrease.
- an activated carbon sheet having PTFE (or modified PTFE) as a fluororesin binder fiberization of the fluororesin binder proceeds in the production process in the form of a sheet-like rolled product containing the raw material mixture, particularly in the vicinity of the surface thereof.
- the proportion of the fluororesin binder fibers on the surface of the activated carbon sheet is relatively high, and the water repellency on the surface of the activated carbon sheet is increased.
- the electrode film (in the activated carbon sheet) It is thought that the infiltration of the electrolyte was hindered.
- the PTFE (including modified PTFE) molecules only near the surface of the activated carbon sheet are cleaved by the light irradiation (that is, the PTFE skin layer is destroyed, or the PTFE fiber is partially broken). If oxygen gas and / or ozone gas is contained in the atmosphere during the light irradiation, active oxygen is generated from the oxygen gas and / or ozone gas, and this active oxygen causes the activated carbon sheet surface.
- Oxygen-containing hydrophilic functional groups for example, hydroxyl groups
- Oxygen-containing hydrophilic functional groups for example, hydroxyl groups
- an activated carbon sheet that is excellent in balance between the impregnation property and the mechanical strength of an electrolytic solution (for example, an electrolytic solution for EDLC).
- an electrolytic solution for example, an electrolytic solution for EDLC
- an electrode sheet for EDLC is manufactured as an activated carbon sheet by the manufacturing method according to the present invention, the electrolyte solution can be absorbed quickly when the electrode sheet is incorporated into a battery, so that the time required for assembling work in battery production is shortened. it can.
- the activated carbon sheet can be manufactured, for example, through the above-described sheet forming process. Moreover, the detail of the conditions of light irradiation is the same as the conditions of light irradiation in the manufacturing method of the activated carbon sheet mentioned above.
- the relative tensile strength defined by the following formula is preferable. Is 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and the relative impregnation time defined by the following formula is 1.0M TEA-BF4 / PC solution, the ionic liquid “IL-IM1” (more details It is described in the column of Examples.) Or water, it can be 90% or less, more preferably 60% or less.
- ⁇ Relative tensile strength (%) (Tensile strength of sheet after light irradiation) / (Tensile strength of sheet before light irradiation)
- the value of the tensile strength is obtained when an activated carbon sheet is cut into a strip shape having a width of 10 mm and a length of 60 mm to prepare a test piece, and measured by a tensile tester (manufactured by Instron) or by an equivalent method. Is the value of the tensile strength.
- ⁇ Relative impregnation time (%) (Impregnation time of electrolyte into sheet after light irradiation) / (Impregnation time of electrolyte into sheet before light irradiation)
- the impregnation time is determined by dropping 9 ⁇ L of electrolytic solution at a time onto the surface of the activated carbon sheet (or the surface on the light-irradiated side in the case of a light-irradiated sheet). Is the time until the gloss of the sheet disappears (that is, until the electrolyte solution disappears from the sheet surface).
- Relative impregnation time (%) (Impregnation time of sheet after light irradiation of Example or Comparative Example) / (Impregnation time of sheet before light irradiation of Example or Comparative Example)
- an organic electrolytic solution (trade name “1.0M TEA-BF4 / PC”, manufactured by Toyo Gosei Co., Ltd.) (hereinafter referred to as “PC”)
- an ionic liquid trade name “ IL-IM1 ”(manufactured by Guangei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (hereinafter referred to as“ EMI-BF4 ”) and three types of water were used.
- Relative tensile strength (%) (Tensile strength after light irradiation of the sheet of Example or Comparative Example) / (Tensile strength before light irradiation of the sheet of Example or Comparative Example) (Powder removal)
- ⁇ Powder hardly adheres to fingers
- ⁇ Powder adheres as the fingers become black
- Example 1 An A4 size sheet was cut from the sheet obtained in Production Example 1, and one surface thereof was irradiated with light by an excimer lamp. The details of the light irradiation conditions were as follows.
- Example 2 A sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the amount of PTFE was changed to 15 parts by weight and the amount of activated carbon was changed to 70 parts by weight. The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that this sheet was used instead of the sheet obtained in Production Example 1. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the sheet after light irradiation.
- Example 3 A sheet was obtained by performing the same operation as in Production Example 1 except that the amount of PTFE was changed to 30 parts by weight and the amount of activated carbon was changed to 55 parts by weight. The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that this sheet was used instead of the sheet obtained in Production Example 1. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the sheet after light irradiation.
- Example 4 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the integrated dose was changed to 50 mJ / cm 2 .
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the sheet after light irradiation.
- Example 5 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the integrated dose was changed to 1000 mJ / cm 2 .
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the sheet after light irradiation.
- Example 1 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the integrated dose was changed to 1200 mJ / cm 2 .
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the sheet after light irradiation.
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
活性炭と、炭素導電材と、繊維状フッ素樹脂バインダーとを含み、該フッ素樹脂がポリテトラフルオロエチレンおよび/または変性ポリテトラフルオロエチレンであるシートを準備するシート準備工程、および
前記シートの少なくとも一方の面に、シート表面における積算照射量が50~1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射を行う光照射工程
を含む活性炭シートの製造方法。
前記光照射が、酸素および/またはオゾンの存在下でのエキシマランプによる紫外光照射である前記[1]に記載の活性炭シートの製造方法。
前記活性炭シートがEDLC用電極である、前記[1]または[2]に記載の活性炭シートの製造方法。
活性炭と、炭素導電材と、繊維状フッ素樹脂バインダーとを含み、該フッ素樹脂がPTFEおよび/または変性PTFEである活性炭シートの少なくとも一方の面に、シート表面における積算照射量が50~1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射を行う、活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法。
前記光照射が、酸素および/またはオゾンの存在下でのエキシマランプによる紫外光照射である前記[4]に記載の活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法。
前記活性炭シートがEDLC用電極である、前記[4]または[5]に記載の活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法。
本発明に係る活性炭シートの製造方法は、シート準備工程およびその後の光照射工程を含んでいる。
前記シート準備工程では、活性炭と、炭素導電材と、繊維状フッ素樹脂バインダーとを含むシートを準備する。このようなシートは、たとえば、活性炭と、炭素導電材と、フッ素樹脂バインダーとを含む混合物を、前記フッ素樹脂を繊維化させつつシート状に成形するシート形成工程を経ることにより製造することができる。
前記光照射工程では、シート準備工程で準備されたシートの少なくとも一方の面に、シート表面における積算照射量が50~1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射を行う。シートの両面に光照射を行ってもよい。
照射光の波長:10~300nm、より好ましくは100~250nm、さらに好ましくは150~200nm;
光照射の際の雰囲気:不活性ガス(例:ヘリウムガス、アルゴンガス等の希ガス、窒素ガス)雰囲気、酸素ガス(O2)および/またはオゾンガスを含有する雰囲気、より好ましくは酸素ガス(O2)を20体積%以下(好ましくは0.01~10体積%)含有する不活性ガス雰囲気。
本発明に係る活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法においては、活性炭と、炭素導電材と、PTFEおよび変性PTFEから選ばれるフッ素樹脂バインダーとを含む活性炭シートの少なくとも一方の面に光照射を行う。
=(光照射後のシートの引張強度)/(光照射前のシートの引張強度)
前記引張強度の値は、活性炭シートを、幅10mm、長さ60mmの短冊状に切断して試験片を作製し、引張試験機(インストロン社製)により測定、あるいは同等の方法により測定した場合の引張強度の値である。
=(光照射後のシートへの電解液の含浸時間)/(光照射前のシートへの電解液の含浸時間)
前記含浸時間は、活性炭シートの表面(光照射後のシートであれば、光照射された側の表面)に、9μLの電解液を一度に滴下してから、電解液がシートに染み込み、シート表面の光沢がなくなるまで(すなわち、シート表面から電解液が消失するまで)の時間である。
(含浸性)
製造例、実施例または比較例で製造された各シートに、スポイトで9μLの電解液を一度に滴下してから、電解液がシートに染み込み、シート表面の光沢がなくなるまで(すなわち、シート表面から電解液が消失するまで)の時間(以下「含浸時間」ともいう。)を計測し、下記式で定義される相対含浸時間を求めた。
=(実施例または比較例の光照射後のシートの含浸時間)/(実施例または比較例の光照射前のシートの含浸時間)
なお、電解液としては、有機系電解液(商品名「1.0M TEA-BF4/PC」、東洋合成工業(株)製)(以下「PC」と記載する。)、イオン性液体(商品名「IL-IM1」、広栄化学工業(株)製)(以下「EMI-BF4」と記載する。)および水の3種類を用いた。
製造例、実施例または比較例で製造された各シートを、幅10mm、長さ60mmの短冊状に切断して試験片を作製し、引張試験機(インストロン製)により各試験片の引張強度を測定し、下記式で定義される相対引張強度を求めた。
=(実施例または比較例のシートの光照射後の引張強度)/(実施例または比較例のシートの光照射前の引張強度)
(粉落ち性)
実施例または比較例で製造された各シートを指で触れ、下記の基準に基づいて評価を行った。
×:粉体で指が黒くなるほど付着する
[製造例1]
80重量部の活性炭(平均粒径:25μm、ヤシ殻活性炭)と、15重量部の導電性カーボンブラック(ケッチェンブラックインターナショナル社製、ケッチェンブラックEC)と、5重量部のPTFE(ダイキン工業(株)製 ポリフロンD-1E)とを混合し、これらの合計量100重量部に対して150重量部の成形助剤(エタノール)をさらに添加して20℃で混練した。得られた混練物を、ロール表面温度が40℃のロールプレスを用いて厚さが0.5mmとなるように圧延してシートを得て、さらにこのシートを150℃で1時間加熱して乾燥させた。
製造例1で得られたシートからA4サイズのシートを切り取り、その一方の面にエキシマランプにより光照射した。光照射の条件の詳細は以下のとおりであった。
照射光:紫外光(波長:155~195nm(極大170nm))
シート移動速度:1m/分
雰囲気:窒素ガス50L/分および大気3L/分の混合気流
シート表面における積算照射量:130mJ/cm2
光照射後のシートの評価結果を表1に示す。
PTFEの量を15重量部、活性炭の量を70重量部に変更したこと以外は製造例1と同様の操作を行いシートを得た。このシートを製造例1で得られたシートに替えて用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。光照射後のシートの評価結果を表1に示す。
PTFEの量を30重量部、活性炭の量を55重量部に変更したこと以外は製造例1と同様の操作を行いシートを得た。このシートを製造例1で得られたシートに替えて用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。光照射後のシートの評価結果を表1に示す。
積算照射量を50mJ/cm2に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。光照射後のシートの評価結果を表1に示す。
積算照射量を1000mJ/cm2に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。光照射後のシートの評価結果を表1に示す。
積算照射量を1200mJ/cm2に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。光照射後のシートの評価結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 活性炭と、炭素導電材と、繊維状フッ素樹脂バインダーとを含み、該フッ素樹脂がポリテトラフルオロエチレンおよび/または変性ポリテトラフルオロエチレンであるシートを準備するシート準備工程、および
前記シートの少なくとも一方の面に、シート表面における積算照射量が50~1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射を行う光照射工程
を含む活性炭シートの製造方法。 - 前記光照射が、酸素ガスおよび/またはオゾンガスの存在下でのエキシマランプによる紫外光照射である請求項1に記載の活性炭シートの製造方法。
- 前記活性炭シートが電気二重層キャパシタ用電極である、請求項1または2に記載の活性炭シートの製造方法。
- 活性炭と、炭素導電材と、繊維状フッ素樹脂バインダーとを含み、該フッ素樹脂がポリテトラフルオロエチレンおよび/または変性ポリテトラフルオロエチレンである活性炭シートの少なくとも一方の面に、シート表面における積算照射量が50~1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射を行う、活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法。
- 前記光照射が、酸素ガスおよび/またはオゾンガスの存在下でのエキシマランプによる紫外光照射である請求項4に記載の活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法。
- 前記活性炭シートが電気二重層キャパシタ用電極である、請求項4または5に記載の活性炭シートへの電解液の含浸性を向上させる方法。
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