WO2014125675A1 - 無線電力伝送装置、無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法、及び、無線電力伝送装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
無線電力伝送装置、無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法、及び、無線電力伝送装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014125675A1 WO2014125675A1 PCT/JP2013/077564 JP2013077564W WO2014125675A1 WO 2014125675 A1 WO2014125675 A1 WO 2014125675A1 JP 2013077564 W JP2013077564 W JP 2013077564W WO 2014125675 A1 WO2014125675 A1 WO 2014125675A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless power transmission device, a method for controlling supply power of the wireless power transmission device, and a method for manufacturing the wireless power transmission device, which can increase design flexibility.
- a technique of performing power transmission using electromagnetic induction between coils see, for example, Patent Document 1
- a resonance phenomenon between resonators (coils) included in a power feeding apparatus and a power receiving apparatus A technique for performing power transmission by coupling magnetic fields using a magnetic field resonance state (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- an impedance matching device in the power receiving device or the like.
- an automatic matching unit 12 and an automatic matching unit 23 are provided as means corresponding to the impedance matching unit.
- the input impedance is controlled (see FIG. 1 of Patent Document 3).
- the LC resonant circuits in the power feeding device and the power receiving device must be configured to maximize power transmission efficiency.
- the capacitance of the LC resonance circuit such as a capacitor and a coil cannot be freely changed as a parameter for controlling the input impedance.
- the fact that the capacitors such as capacitors and coils of the LC resonance circuit cannot be set freely in order to control the input impedance means that the degree of freedom in designing portable electronic devices that require portability, compactness, and low cost is required. Means low.
- an object of the present invention is to set the value of the input impedance by freely adjusting the value including the capacitance of the power supply device and the power receiving device for performing wireless power transmission, including capacitors and coils.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmission device capable of controlling the power (current) to be supplied, a supply power control method, and a method for manufacturing the wireless power transmission device.
- each element of the plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module and the power reception module by supplying the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module at a value that does not become the resonance frequency in the power supply module and the power reception module, each element of the plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module and the power reception module.
- the value can be freely changed as a parameter for changing the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device. Then, by changing the parameters, respectively, it is possible to adjust the power supplied to adjust the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device.
- One of the inventions for solving the above problem is that power is supplied from a power supply module including at least a power supply coil and a power supply resonator to a power reception module including at least a power reception resonator and a power reception coil by a resonance phenomenon.
- a power supply control method for a wireless power transmission device Driving frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module, fed by the value not be the resonance frequency of the feeding module and the power receiving module, constitutes the feeding coil, the impedance of the total with the respective circuit element including a coil L 1 Z 1 represents the total impedance of each circuit element including the coil L 2 that constitutes the feeding resonator, and Z 2 represents the total impedance of each circuit element that includes the coil L 3 that constitutes the power receiving resonator.
- Z 3 , Z 4 represents the total impedance of each circuit element constituting the power receiving coil, including coil L 4 , Z l represents the total load impedance of the device fed from the power receiving coil, and coil L of the power feeding coil 1 and the mutual inductance between the coil L 2 of the feeding resonator M 12, the feeding resonator coil L 2 and the power receiving co
- the supply power control of the wireless power transmission device that supplies power by the resonance phenomenon from the power supply module including at least the power supply coil and the power supply resonator to the power reception module including at least the power reception resonator and the power reception coil.
- the parameters respectively so as to satisfy the above relationship
- it is possible to adjust the power supplied by controlling the input impedance Z in.
- it will be freely set the element values of the plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module and the power receiving module as parameters, increasing the design flexibility of the wireless power transmission apparatus
- portability, compactness, and cost reduction of the wireless power transmission device itself can be realized.
- One of the inventions for solving the above problems is a method for controlling the supply power of the wireless power transmission device, wherein each element value of a plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module and the power reception module, and By driving the mutual inductance as a parameter and changing each of the parameters, the transmission characteristic value of the power supplied to the power supply module with respect to the drive frequency is a drive frequency band lower than the resonance frequency and a drive higher than the resonance frequency. It is characterized by setting so that each frequency band has a peak.
- the value of the transmission characteristic with respect to the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module has peaks in the drive frequency band lower than the resonance frequency and the drive frequency band higher than the resonance frequency (the bimodal nature described later). To have).
- the wireless power transmission device having the bimodal nature has a type in which one peak of the transmission characteristic value with respect to the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module appears in the resonance frequency band (single- compared to having the property), it is possible to increase the variable range of the input impedance Z in.
- variable range of the input impedance Z in is element values of a plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module and the power receiving module, and a mutual inductance as a parameter, the nature of the unimodal Compared to existing settings, it is possible to make a wide range of settings, further improving the design flexibility of the wireless power transmission device, and realizing the portability, compactness, and cost reduction of the wireless power transmission device itself. .
- One of the inventions for solving the above-mentioned problems is a method for controlling the supply power of the wireless power transmission device, wherein the drive frequency of power supplied to the power supply module is lower than the resonance frequency. It is a band corresponding to the peak value of the transmission characteristic appearing in FIG.
- the transmission characteristic has a bimodal property
- the transmission characteristic has a unimodal property
- the transmission frequency is inferior to that in which the drive frequency is matched to the resonance frequency, but a somewhat high transmission characteristic is obtained.
- the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power supply module and the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power receiving module cancel each other, thereby reducing the influence of the magnetic field on the outer peripheral side of the power feeding module and the power receiving module.
- a magnetic field space having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength other than the outer peripheral side of the module can be formed. Thereby, by storing a circuit or the like that is not affected by the magnetic field in the formed magnetic field space, the space can be effectively used, and the wireless power transmission device itself can be reduced in size.
- One of the inventions for solving the above problems is a method for controlling the power supply of the wireless power transmission device, wherein the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module is higher than the resonance frequency. It is a band corresponding to the peak value of the transmission characteristic appearing in FIG.
- the transmission characteristic has a bimodal property
- the transmission characteristic has a unimodal property
- the transmission frequency is inferior to that in which the drive frequency is matched to the resonance frequency, but a somewhat high transmission characteristic is obtained.
- the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power supply module and the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving module cancel each other, thereby reducing the influence of the magnetic field on the inner peripheral side of the power supply module and the power receiving module.
- a magnetic field space having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength other than the inner peripheral side of the module and the power receiving module can be formed. Thereby, by storing a circuit or the like that is not affected by the magnetic field in the formed magnetic field space, the space can be effectively used, and the wireless power transmission device itself can be reduced in size.
- a wireless power transmission device adjusted by the above-described supply power control method may be used.
- each element value of a plurality of circuit elements constituting the power feeding module and the power receiving module can be freely set as a parameter.
- the freedom degree of design of a wireless power transmission device can be increased, and portability, compactness, and cost reduction of the wireless power transmission device itself can be realized.
- a power supply module including at least one of a power supply coil and a power supply resonator is changed from a power supply module including at least one of the power reception resonator and the power reception coil.
- a method of manufacturing a wireless power transmission device that supplies power by changing a magnetic field and supplying a drive frequency of power to be supplied at a value that does not become a resonance frequency in the power supply module and the power reception module. and each element value of the plurality of circuit elements constituting the power receiving module as parameters, by changing the parameters, respectively, to control the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device, the wireless power transmission device can be supplied And a design process for adjusting the power.
- each element value of a plurality of circuit elements constituting the power feeding module and the power receiving module is freely set as a parameter, and the design flexibility of the wireless power transmission device is increased, A wireless power transmission device excellent in portability, compactness, and cost reduction can be manufactured.
- the value of input impedance is set by freely adjusting its value including the capacity of capacitors and coils provided in the power feeding device and power receiving device that perform wireless power transmission, and the power (current) to be supplied is set accordingly.
- a wireless power transmission device that can be controlled, a supply power control method, and a method for manufacturing the wireless power transmission device can be provided.
- FIG. It is a table
- Embodiments of a wireless power transmission device, a supply power control method, and a method for manufacturing a wireless power transmission device according to the present invention will be described below.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 includes a power supply module 2 including a power supply coil 21 and a power supply resonator 22, and a power reception module 3 including a power reception coil 31 and a power reception resonator 32.
- the power supply coil 21 of the power supply module 2 is connected to the AC power supply 6 including an oscillation circuit in which the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to a predetermined value, and the power reception coil 31 of the power reception module 3 receives power.
- a rechargeable battery 9 is connected via a stabilization circuit 7 that rectifies the AC power that has been generated and a charging circuit 8 that prevents overcharging.
- the feeding coil 21 serves to supply power obtained from the AC power source 6 to the feeding resonator 22 by electromagnetic induction.
- the feeding coil 21 constitutes an RLC circuit including a resistor R 1 , a coil L 1 , and a capacitor C 1 as elements.
- the coil L 1 portion is formed by winding a copper wire (with an insulating coating) once and setting the coil diameter to 96 mm ⁇ .
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the feeding coil 21 is Z 1, and in this embodiment, the RLC including the resistor R 1 , the coil L 1 , and the capacitor C 1 constituting the feeding coil 21 as elements. Let Z 1 be the total impedance of the circuit (circuit element).
- the power receiving coil 31 receives the electric power transmitted as magnetic field energy from the power feeding resonator 22 to the power receiving resonator 32 by electromagnetic induction, and plays a role of supplying the power to the rechargeable battery 9 via the stabilization circuit 7 and the charging circuit 8.
- the power receiving coil 31 constitutes an RLC circuit including a resistor R 4 , a coil L 4 , and a capacitor C 4 as shown in FIG.
- the coil L 4 portion is set to a coil diameter of 96 mm ⁇ by winding a copper wire (with an insulating coating) once.
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the power receiving coil 31 is Z 4.
- the RLC including the resistor R 4 , the coil L 4 , and the capacitor C 4 constituting the power receiving coil 31 as elements.
- a resistor R l for convenience (that is, the resistor R l of the resistor R l .
- the value is a total value of load resistances of devices connected to the wireless power transmission device 1).
- ballast circuit 7, the charging circuit 8 and the battery 9 devices that are powered from the power receiving coil 31 to the load impedance of the sum of the Z l.
- the power feeding resonator 22 constitutes an RLC circuit including a resistor R 2 , a coil L 2 , and a capacitor C 2 as elements.
- the power receiving resonator 32 constitutes an RLC circuit including a resistor R 3 , a coil L 3 , and a capacitor C 3 as elements.
- Each of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 becomes a resonance circuit and plays a role of creating a magnetic field resonance state.
- the magnetic field resonance state means that two or more coils are tuned at the resonance frequency.
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the feed resonator 22 is Z 2.
- the resistor R 2 , the coil L 2 , and the capacitor C 2 constituting the feed resonator 22 are elements.
- Z 2 be the total impedance of the RLC circuit (circuit element).
- the total impedance of the circuit elements constituting the power receiving resonator 32 is Z 3.
- the resistor R 3 , the coil L 3 , and the capacitor C 3 constituting the power receiving resonator 32 are elements.
- Z 3 be the total impedance of the RLC circuit (circuit element).
- the resonance circuit in the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 if the inductance is L and the capacitor capacity is C, f determined by (Equation 1) becomes the resonance frequency. And the resonant frequency of the power feeding coil 21, the power feeding resonator 22, the power receiving coil 31, and the power receiving resonator 32 in this embodiment is 12.8 MHz.
- the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 use a solenoid type coil having a coil diameter of 96 mm ⁇ , in which a copper wire (with an insulating coating) is wound four times. Further, the resonance frequencies of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 are matched.
- the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 may be spiral or solenoid type coils as long as the resonators use coils.
- the distance between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 is d12
- the distance between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is d23
- the distance between the power receiving resonator 32 and the power receiving coil 31 Is d34 (see FIG. 1).
- the coupling coefficient between the coil L 1 and the coil L 2 is denoted as k 12
- the coupling coefficient between the coil L 2 and the coil L 3 is denoted as k 23
- the coil A coupling coefficient between L 3 and the coil L 4 is expressed as k 34 .
- Resistance values, inductances, capacitor capacities, and coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , k 34 in R 4 , L 4 , C 4 of the RLC circuit of the receiving coil 31 are parameters that can be changed at the design / manufacturing stage, etc. Is set so as to satisfy the relational expression (Expression 3) described later (details will be described later).
- the wireless power transmission device 1 when the resonance frequency of the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 are matched, a magnetic field resonance state is created between the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32. can do.
- a magnetic field resonance state is created in a state where the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 resonate, electric power can be transmitted from the power feeding resonator 22 to the power receiving resonator 32 as magnetic field energy.
- FIG. 1 a circuit diagram of the wireless power transmission device 1 (including the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9) configured as described above is shown in the lower diagram of FIG. This illustrates replace the entire wireless power transmission device 1 to one of the input impedance Z in.
- the wireless power to control the power output from the transmission device 1, since the AC power supply 6 When it constant voltage power supply that is commonly used voltage V in is kept constant, the value of current I in It is understood that it is necessary to control.
- the current I in can be expressed as (Expression 2) when expressed by a relational expression based on the voltage V in and the input impedance Z in .
- the value of the current I in is within an appropriate current range (I in (MIN) to I in as shown in FIG. (MAX) ).
- the reason why the current I in is required to be supplied at a value within the appropriate current range is that if the current supplied to the rechargeable battery 9 is smaller than the value of I in (MIN) , the current becomes small, and the characteristics of the rechargeable battery 9
- the current supplied to the rechargeable battery 9 is larger than the value of I in (MAX) , an overcurrent occurs, and the stabilizing circuit 7, the charging circuit 8 and the rechargeable battery 9 generate heat. There is a possibility that the lifetime may be shortened.
- the configuration of the wireless power transmission device 1 is represented by an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. From the equivalent circuit of FIG. 3, the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 can be expressed as (Equation 3). ... (Formula 3)
- the impedances Z 1 , Z 2 , Z 3 , Z 4 , and Z l in the power feeding coil 21, the power feeding resonator 22, the power receiving resonator 32, and the power receiving coil 31 of the wireless power transmission device 1 in the present embodiment are respectively It can be expressed as (Equation 4). ... (Formula 4)
- Resistance values, inductances, capacitor capacities, and coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , and k 34 in R 4 , L 4 , and C 4 of the RLC circuit of the receiving coil 31 are parameters that can be changed at the design / manufacturing stage, etc.
- the value of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 derived from the relational expression (Equation 5) can be adjusted so as to fall within the range of Z in (MIN) to Z in (MAX) .
- the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to the power supply coil 21 and power supply resonator 22 included in the power supply module 2 and the power reception coil 31 and power reception resonator included in the power reception module 3. It is generally known that the power transmission efficiency in wireless power transmission can be maximized by making it coincide with the resonance frequency of 32, and the drive frequency is set to the resonance frequency in order to maximize the power transmission efficiency. It is common to make it.
- the power transmission efficiency refers to the ratio of the power received by the power receiving module 3 to the power supplied to the power supply module 2.
- the parameters are R 1 of the RLC circuit of the feeding coil 21, R 2 of the RLC circuit of the feeding resonator 22, R 3 of the RLC circuit of the receiving resonator 32, R 4 of the RLC circuit of the receiving coil 31, etc. It can also be seen that there are only coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , and k 34 .
- capacity such as a circuit of a capacitor and coils will be determined in advance, thus mainly become uncontrollable the value of the input impedance Z in only by the resistance value of each RLC circuits. This means that the capacity of such capacitors and a coil of the RLC circuit, the design freedom of not free to modify the parameters that control the input impedance Z in the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 becomes lower.
- the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is the resonance frequency of the power supply resonator 22 included in the power supply module 2 and the power reception resonator 32 included in the power reception module 3.
- the value of the input impedance Z in are adjusted within the range of Z in (MIN) to Z in (MAX) , R 1 , L 1 , C 1 of the feeding coil 21 as parameters, and R 2 , L 2 , C 2 of the feeding resonator 22 as parameters. , R 3 , L 3 , C 3 of the power receiving resonator 32, resistance values such as R 4 , L 4 , C 4 of the power receiving coil 31, inductance, capacitor capacity, and coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , k 34 .
- the wireless power transmission device 1 it is possible to appropriately arrange the wireless power transmission device 1 according to the volume, shape, and total weight of the wireless power transmission device 1 and to increase the design flexibility of the wireless power transmission device 1. . That is, in the wireless power transmission device 1, there are more parameter elements for adjusting the value of the input impedance Z in than the conventional one that maximizes the power transmission efficiency, and the input impedance of the wireless power transmission device 1 is increased. Fine control of the value of Z in becomes possible.
- R 4 , L 4 , C 4, and other resistance values, inductances, capacitor capacities, and coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , and k 34 are changed in a balanced manner and are derived by (Equation 3).
- Equation 3 Equation 3
- the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to the resonance frequency in the power supply module 2 (power supply coil 21 / power supply resonator 22) and power reception module 3 (power reception coil 31 / power reception resonator 32).
- each element value of the circuit elements constituting the power feeding module 2 and the power receiving module 3 (R 1 , L 1 , C 1 of the power feeding coil 21, R 2 , L 2 of the power feeding resonator 22) , C 2 , R 3 , L 3 , C 3 of the power receiving resonator 32, resistance values such as R 4 , L 4 , C 4 of the power receiving coil 31, inductance, capacitor capacity, and coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , k 34 ) can be freely changed as a parameter for changing the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 By varying the parameters, respectively so as to satisfy the above relationship, it is possible to adjust the power supplied by controlling the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1.
- the input impedance Z in will be freely set the element values of the circuit elements constituting the power supply module 2 and the power receiving module 3 as a parameter, the degree of freedom in the design of the wireless power transmission device 1
- the wireless power transmission device 1 itself can be made portable, compact, and low in cost.
- the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 which is adjusted by the power supply control method, in order to control the input impedance Z in, feed module 2 and the element values of the circuit elements constituting the receiving module 3 (feeding coil 21 R 1 , L 1 , C 1 , R 2 , L 2 , C 2 of the feed resonator 22, R 3 , L 3 , C 3 of the power receiving resonator 32, R 4 , L 4 , C 4 of the power receiving coil 31.
- the resistance value, the inductance, the capacitor capacity, and the coupling coefficients k 12 , k 23 , k 34 ) can be freely set as parameters. Thereby, the design flexibility of the wireless power transmission device 1 can be increased, and the portability, compactness, and cost reduction of the wireless power transmission device 1 itself can be realized.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” represents a signal measured by connecting the wireless power transmission device 1 to the network analyzer 110 (in this embodiment, E5061B manufactured by Agilent Technologies, Inc.), It is displayed in decibels, and the larger the value, the higher the power transmission efficiency.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 with respect to the drive frequency of the power supplied to the wireless power transmission device 1 depends on the strength of the magnetic field coupling between the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 (magnetic field coupling). It is divided into those having the nature of nature and those having the nature of bimodality. This unimodality means that there is one peak of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the drive frequency, and that peak appears in the resonance frequency band (f 0 ) (see the broken line 51 in FIG. 4).
- bimodality has two peaks of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the drive frequency, and the two peaks are a drive frequency band (fL) lower than the resonance frequency and a drive frequency band (fH) higher than the resonance frequency. ) (See the solid line 52 in FIG. 4). More specifically, bimodality is defined as a state in which the reflection characteristic “S11” measured by connecting the wireless power transmission device to the network analyzer 110 has two peaks. Accordingly, even if the peak of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the driving frequency looks at one glance, if the measured reflection characteristic “S11” has two peaks, it has a bimodal property. Shall.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” is maximized when the driving frequency is the resonance frequency f 0 (the power transmission efficiency is maximized), as indicated by a broken line 51 in FIG. To do).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a drive frequency band (fL) lower than the resonance frequency f 0 and the resonance frequency f. Maximize in a driving frequency band (fH) higher than zero .
- the transmission characteristic “S21” in the wireless power transmission device is designed (set) to have a unimodal property, and is driven. It is used so that the transmission characteristic “S21” is maximized at the resonance frequency f 0 .
- the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 are set.
- the direction of the current flowing through the power feeding resonator 22 and the direction of the current flowing through the power receiving resonator 32 are the same.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” (broken line 51) in a general wireless power transmission device for the purpose of maximizing the power transmission efficiency
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” can be set to a relatively high value.
- a resonance state in which the direction of the current flowing in the coil (power feeding resonator 22) in the power feeding module 2 and the direction of the current flowing in the coil (power receiving resonator 32) in the power receiving module 3 are the same direction is called an in-phase resonance mode. I will decide.
- the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 cancel each other, so that the outer peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32.
- the influence of the magnetic field is reduced, and the magnetic field intensity is smaller than the magnetic field strength other than the outer peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 (for example, the magnetic field strength on the inner peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32).
- a magnetic field space having strength can be formed.
- the drive frequency of the AC power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to the frequency fH near the peak on the high frequency side in the bimodality (antiphase resonance mode)
- the power supply resonator 22 and the power reception resonator 32 are in antiphase.
- the resonance state occurs, and the direction of the current flowing through the power feeding resonator 22 and the direction of the current flowing through the power receiving resonator 32 are reversed.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” (broken line 51) in a general wireless power transmission device for the purpose of maximizing the power transmission efficiency
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” can be set to a relatively high value.
- a resonance state in which the direction of the current flowing in the coil (power feeding resonator 22) in the power feeding module 2 and the direction of the current flowing in the coil (power receiving resonator 32) in the power receiving module 3 are opposite to each other is referred to as an antiphase resonance mode. I will call it.
- the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power feeding resonator 22 and the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving resonator 32 cancel each other, so that the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 are
- the magnetic field strength on the inner peripheral side of the power supply resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 other than the inner peripheral side is reduced (for example, the magnetic field strength on the outer peripheral side of the power supply resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32).
- a magnetic field space having a smaller magnetic field strength can be formed.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 itself can be made compact and the design flexibility can be improved.
- the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 when the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 has a unimodal property was measured.
- the output terminal 111 of the network analyzer 110 is connected to the feeding coil 21, and the input of the network analyzer 110 is connected to the receiving coil 31.
- the terminal 112 supplying power at a predetermined drive frequency to the power supply module 2, and supplying power as magnetic field energy from the power supply resonator 22 to the power reception resonator 32 by a resonance phenomenon, transmission characteristics “S21” and to measure the input impedance Z in.
- the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is fixed to 48 mm, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22, and the power receiving coil 31 and the power receiving resonator 32
- the distance d34 between is changed and measured.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” and the input impedance Z in are measured by matching the drive frequency to the resonance frequency at which the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is a peak (maximum).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 is obtained by changing the strength of the magnetic field coupling between the power supply module 2 and the power receiving module 3 (magnetic field coupling). It can have a property or a bimodal property.
- the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is fixed, and the distance between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 in the power feeding module 2 is fixed.
- the combination of d12 and the distance d34 between the power receiving coil 31 and the power receiving resonator 32 in the power receiving module 3 is performed by changing various combinations.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a unimodal property, while the distance d12 between the feeding coil 21 and the feeding resonator 22 and the receiving coil When the distance d34 between 31 and the power receiving resonator 32 is set to a value larger than 4 mm, the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property.
- the measurement result in the case of unimodality is shown in FIG. From the measurement result of FIG. 6, the transmission characteristic “S21” has a unimodal property, and the distances d12 and d34 at which the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” can take a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more are shown.
- Comparative Examples 2 to 6 correspond. When the range in which the input impedance Z in in Comparative Examples 2 to 6 can be taken is seen, it can be seen that the range is 66.6 (Comparative Example 6) to 186.1 ⁇ (Comparative Example 2).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 has a unimodal characteristic
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more
- the value of the input impedance Z in is set to , 66.6 to 186.1 ⁇
- the condition that the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is equal to or greater than ⁇ 3 dB is that the power transmission efficiency of the wireless power transmission apparatus is significantly reduced when the value is less than ⁇ 3 dB. . Therefore, it is a design matter that the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is ⁇ 3 dB, which can be changed depending on the usage form.
- the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 when the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 has a bimodal property was measured.
- the measurement method is the same as that of the unimodal measurement method.
- the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is fixed to 48 mm
- the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22, and the power receiving coil 31 and the power receiving resonator 32 Measurements were made with various combinations of the distance d34 between them.
- the distance d12 and the distance d34 are changed to take values larger than 4 mm so as to have a bimodal nature.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” and the input impedance Z in are the low frequency side frequency fL (in-phase resonance mode) and the high frequency side frequency fH (reverse phase resonance) at which the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” reaches a peak (maximum).
- the measurement result in the case of bimodality is shown in FIG. From the measurement result of FIG. 7, the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property, and the distance d12 and the distance d34 that the transmission characteristic “S21” can take a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more are shown.
- the frequencies fL on the low frequency side of Examples 1 to 4, 6, and 7 (in-phase resonance mode) and the frequency fH on the high frequency side of Examples 1, 2, 6, and 7 (reverse phase resonance mode). Is applicable.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a single-peak property
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more
- the value of the input impedance Z in is set to 66. Adjustment can be made within a range of 6 to 186.1 ⁇ (variable range).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more
- the value of the input impedance Z in is set to 12.98 to 149. It can be adjusted within the range of 81 ⁇ (variable range).
- the wireless power transmission device 1 set so that the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property is the wireless power transmission device set so that the transmission characteristic “S21” has a unimodal property. It can be seen that the variable range of the input impedance Z in can be made wider than 1.
- a predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” is measured.
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” was measured in the case of ⁇ 2.2 dB and ⁇ 2.8 dB as an example.
- the unimodality includes Comparative Example 3 as shown in FIG.
- Examples of the characteristics include Examples 8 to 12 as shown in FIG.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 has a bimodal property
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” is set (in the present embodiment, it is set to approximately ⁇ 2.2 dB). It can be seen that the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 in the range of 15) can range from 15.51 (Example 12) to 129.79 ⁇ (Example 8).
- the unimodality includes Comparative Example 2 as shown in FIG. In terms of sex, Examples 13 to 17 are given as shown in FIG.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 has a bimodal property
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” is set (in this embodiment, it is set to approximately ⁇ 2.8 dB). It can be seen that the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 1 in FIG. 9 can range from 12.98 (Example 17) to 129.38 ⁇ (Example 13).
- the wireless power transmission device 1 set so that the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property is obtained.
- S21 than the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 which is set to have the properties of unimodal, it can be seen that it is possible to increase the variable range of the input impedance Z in.
- the wireless power transmission device 101 in the case where the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 1 having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 3 has a unimodal property and a bimodal property.
- the measurement experiment 1 related to the variable range of the input impedance Z in has been described.
- the wireless power transmission device 101 whose circuit configuration is changed with respect to the wireless power transmission device 1 is used. And measure.
- the wireless power transmission device 101 includes a power feeding coil 121 obtained by removing the capacitor C 1 from the power feeding coil 21 in the wireless power transmission device 1, and a power receiving coil 31 of the wireless power transmission device 1.
- the power receiving coil 131 except for the capacitor C 4 is provided, and the rest has the same configuration as the wireless power transmission device 1.
- Measurement experiment 2 A description will be given of a measurement experiment 2 regarding a variable range of the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 101 when the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 101 has a unimodal property and a bimodal property. To do.
- the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 101 when the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 101 has a unimodal property was measured.
- the output terminal 111 of the network analyzer 110 is connected to the feeding coil 121
- the input terminal 112 of the network analyzer 110 is connected to the power receiving coil 131
- the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is fixed to 48 mm, the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 121 and the power feeding resonator 22, and the power receiving coil 131 and the power receiving resonator 32
- the distance d34 between is changed and measured.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” and the input impedance Z in are measured by matching the drive frequency to the resonance frequency at which the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is a peak (maximum).
- the measurement result in the case of unimodality is shown in FIG. From the measurement result of FIG. 10, the transmission characteristic “S21” has a unimodal property, and the distance d12 and the distance d34 that the transmission characteristic “S21” can take a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more are shown.
- Comparative Examples 2 to 6 correspond. When the range in which the input impedance Z in in Comparative Examples 2 to 6 can be taken is seen, it can be seen that the range is 68.9 (Comparative Example 6) to 180.7 ⁇ (Comparative Example 2).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 has a unimodal property, if the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more, the value of the input impedance Z in is set to , 68.9 to 180.7 ⁇ can be adjusted.
- the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission device 101 when the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission device 101 has a bimodal property was measured.
- the measurement method is the same as that of the unimodal measurement method.
- the distance d23 between the power feeding resonator 22 and the power receiving resonator 32 is fixed to 48 mm
- the distance d12 between the power feeding coil 121 and the power feeding resonator 22, and the power receiving coil 131 and the power receiving resonator 32 Measurements were made with various combinations of the distance d34 between them.
- the distance d12 and the distance d34 are changed to take values larger than 4 mm so as to have a bimodal nature.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” and the input impedance Z in are the low frequency side frequency fL (in-phase resonance mode) and the high frequency side frequency fH (reverse phase resonance) at which the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” reaches a peak (maximum) the combined driving frequency mode) to measure the transmission characteristic "S21” and the input impedance Z in at the low frequency side of the frequency fL (frequency of the in-phase resonance mode) and the high-frequency side fH (antiphase resonance mode).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal nature, and the main values of the distances d12 and d34 at which the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” can take a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more.
- the frequencies fL (in-phase resonance mode) on the low frequency side of Examples 1 to 4 and 6 to 8 and the frequency fH (antiphase resonance mode) on the high frequency side of Examples 1, 2, 7, and 8 are listed. Is applicable.
- the range that Z in can take it can be seen that it is in the range of 19.47 (fH of Example 7) to 182.30 ⁇ (fL of Example 8). That is, when the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 has a bimodal property, if the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more, the value of the input impedance Z in is set to , 19.47 to 182.30 ⁇ can be adjusted.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a unimodal property
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more
- the value of the input impedance Z in is 68. It can be adjusted within the range of 9 to 180.7 ⁇ (variable range).
- the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal nature
- the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to a value of ⁇ 3 dB or more
- the value of the input impedance Z in is set to 19.47 to 182. It can be adjusted within the range of 30 ⁇ (variable range).
- the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 in which the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to have a bimodal property is the same as the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 in which the transmission characteristic “S21” is set to have a unimodal characteristic. than 101, it is understood that it is possible to increase the variable range of the input impedance Z in.
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” is measured.
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” was measured for the case of ⁇ 2.0 dB and ⁇ 2.7 dB as an example.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 has a bimodal property
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” when set (in this embodiment, it is set to approximately ⁇ 2.0 dB). It can be seen that the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 of FIG. 4 can be in the range of 38.50 (Example 15) to 167.52 ⁇ (Example 9).
- the unimodality includes the comparative example 2 as shown in FIG. In terms of sex, Examples 16 to 20 are given as shown in FIG.
- the transmission characteristic “S21” of the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 has a bimodal property
- the predetermined transmission characteristic “S21” is set (in this embodiment, it is set to approximately ⁇ 2.7 dB). It can be seen that the input impedance Z in of the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 in FIG. 9 can range from 19.47 (Example 20) to 102.14 ⁇ (Example 16).
- the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 that is set so that the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property is the transmission characteristic “S21”. S21 "than the wireless power transmission apparatus 101 set to have the properties of unimodal, it can be seen that it is possible to increase the variable range of the input impedance Z in.
- the value of the transmission characteristics with respect to the driving frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 a lower driving frequency band than the resonance frequency (f 0) (fL) and the resonance frequency (f 0)
- the wireless power transmission device having a peak in the higher driving frequency band (fH) (bimodal) has a peak of the value of the transmission characteristic “S21” with respect to the driving frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 in the resonance frequency band ( compared to one appearing (unimodal) wireless power transmission apparatus in f 0), it is possible to increase the variable range of the input impedance Z in.
- variable range of the input impedance Z in can be widened because each element value of a plurality of circuit elements constituting the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 and mutual inductance are used as parameters.
- a wide range of settings can be set compared to settings that have properties, and the design flexibility of the wireless power transmission device can be further increased to realize portability, compactness, and cost reduction of the wireless power transmission device itself. Will be able to.
- the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to a band corresponding to the peak value of the transmission characteristic “S21” appearing in the drive frequency band (fL) lower than the resonance frequency. Even when the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property, the transmission characteristic “S21” has a single peak property, but when the drive frequency is adjusted to the resonance frequency, it is inferior to some extent. “S21” can be secured.
- the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power supply module 2 and the magnetic field generated on the outer peripheral side of the power receiving module 3 cancel each other, thereby reducing the influence of the magnetic field on the outer peripheral side of the power feeding module 2 and the power receiving module 3.
- a magnetic field space having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strength other than the outer peripheral side of the power supply module 2 and the power receiving module 3 can be formed. Accordingly, by storing a circuit (such as the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9) that is not affected by the magnetic field in the formed magnetic field space, the space can be effectively used, and the wireless power transmission device 1 It becomes possible to reduce the size of itself.
- a circuit such as the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9
- the drive frequency of the power supplied to the power supply module 2 is set to a band corresponding to the peak value of the transmission characteristic “S21” appearing in the drive frequency band (fH) higher than the resonance frequency. Even when the transmission characteristic “S21” has a bimodal property, the transmission characteristic “S21” has a single peak property, but when the drive frequency is adjusted to the resonance frequency, it is inferior to some extent. “S21” can be secured. Further, the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power feeding module 2 and the magnetic field generated on the inner peripheral side of the power receiving module 3 cancel each other, thereby reducing the influence of the magnetic field on the inner peripheral side of the power feeding module 2 and the power receiving module 3.
- a magnetic field space having a magnetic field strength smaller than the magnetic field strengths other than the inner peripheral side of the power supply module 2 and the power receiving module 3 can be formed. Accordingly, by storing a circuit (such as the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9) that is not affected by the magnetic field in the formed magnetic field space, the space can be effectively used, and the wireless power transmission device 1 It becomes possible to reduce the size of itself.
- a circuit such as the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9
- a design method which is one process for manufacturing the wireless power transmission device 1, will be described with reference to FIGS.
- a wireless headset 200 including an earphone speaker unit 201a and a charger 201 will be described as examples of portable devices on which the wireless power transmission device 1 is mounted (see FIG. 13).
- the wireless power transmission device 1 designed by this design method includes a power receiving module 3 (power receiving coil 31 and power receiving resonator 32) and a power feeding module 2 (power feeding coil), respectively, in the wireless headset 200 and the charger 201 shown in FIG. 21 is mounted as a feeding resonator 22).
- the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9 are illustrated outside the power receiving module 3, but actually, the solenoidal power receiving coil 31 and the coil of the power receiving resonator 32 are used. It is arranged on the inner circumference side. That is, the wireless headset 200 includes the power receiving module 3, the stabilization circuit 7, the charging circuit 8, and the rechargeable battery 9, and the charger 201 includes the power supply module 2.
- the power supply coil 21 is used with the AC power supply 6 connected thereto.
- the amount of power received by the power receiving module 3 is determined from the capacity of the rechargeable battery 9 and the charging current required for charging the rechargeable battery 9 (S1).
- the distance between the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 is determined (S2). This is a distance between the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 when the wireless headset 200 including the power reception module 3 is placed on the charger 201 including the power supply module 2.
- the battery is being charged.
- the distance between the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 is determined in consideration of the shape and structure of the wireless headset 200 and the charger 201.
- the coil diameters of the power receiving coil 31 and the power receiving resonator 32 in the power receiving module 3 are determined (S3).
- the coil diameters of the power feeding coil 21 and the power feeding resonator 22 in the power feeding module 2 are determined (S4).
- the coupling coefficient between the power feeding resonator 22 (coil L 2 ) and the power receiving resonator 32 (coil L 3 ) of the wireless power transmission device 1 is k 23, and the power transmission efficiency Will be decided.
- the minimum necessary amount of power supplied to the power supply module 2 is determined ( S5).
- the design value of the input impedance Zin in the wireless power transmission device 1 is based on the received power amount received by the power receiving module 3, the power transmission efficiency, and the minimum necessary power supply amount to be fed to the power feeding module 2. Determined (S6).
- the degree of freedom in designing the wireless power transmission device 1 in order to control the input impedance Z in, and freely set the element values of the circuit elements constituting the power supply module 2 and the power receiving module 3 as a parameter, the degree of freedom in designing the wireless power transmission device 1
- the wireless power transmission device 1 excellent in portability, compactness, and cost reduction can be manufactured.
- the wireless headset 200 has been described as an example. However, as long as the device includes a rechargeable battery, a tablet PC, a digital camera, a mobile phone, an earphone music player, a hearing aid, and a sound collector Can also be used.
- the wireless power transmission device 1 that performs power transmission by coupling a magnetic field using a resonance phenomenon (magnetic field resonance state) between resonators (coils) included in the power supply module 2 and the power reception module 3 is illustrated.
- the present invention is also applicable to the wireless power transmission apparatus 1 that performs power transmission using electromagnetic induction between coils.
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の駆動周波数が、前記給電モジュール及び受電モジュールにおける共振周波数とはならない値で供給し、前記給電コイルを構成する、コイルL1を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ1、前記給電共振器を構成する、コイルL2を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ2、前記受電共振器を構成する、コイルL3を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ3、前記受電コイルを構成する、コイルL4を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ4、前記受電コイルから給電される機器の合計の負荷インピーダンスをZl、前記給電コイルのコイルL1と前記給電共振器のコイルL2との間の相互インダクタンスをM12、前記給電共振器のコイルL2と前記受電共振器のコイルL3との間の相互インダクタンスをM23、前記受電共振器のコイルL3と前記受電コイルのコイルL4との間の相互インダクタンスをM34、とし、
前記給電コイル、前記給電共振器、前記受電共振器、及び、前記受電コイルを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値、及び、前記相互インダクタンスをパラメータとして、当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、下記関係式により導出される当該無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスZinを制御して供給する電力を調整することを特徴としている。
また、給電モジュールの外周側に発生する磁界と受電モジュールの外周側に発生する磁界とが打ち消し合うことにより、給電モジュール及び受電モジュールの外周側に、磁界による影響が低減されて、給電モジュール及び受電モジュールの外周側以外の磁界強度よりも小さな磁界強度を有する磁界空間を形成することができる。これにより、形成した磁界空間に、磁界の影響を受けたくない回路等を格納することで、スペースの有効活用ができ、無線電力伝送装置自体の小型化を図ることが可能になる。
また、給電モジュールの内周側に発生する磁界と受電モジュールの内周側に発生する磁界とが打ち消し合うことにより、給電モジュール及び受電モジュールの内周側に、磁界による影響が低減されて、給電モジュール及び受電モジュールの内周側以外の磁界強度よりも小さな磁界強度を有する磁界空間を形成することができる。これにより、形成した磁界空間に、磁界の影響を受けたくない回路等を格納することで、スペースの有効活用ができ、無線電力伝送装置自体の小型化を図ることが可能になる。
まず、無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法、及び、無線電力伝送装置の製造方法を説明する前に、供給電力制御方法又は製造方法によって設計・製造される無線電力伝送装置1について説明する。
無線電力伝送装置1は、図1に示すように、給電コイル21及び給電共振器22を備える給電モジュール2と、受電コイル31及び受電共振器32を備える受電モジュール3とを備えている。そして、給電モジュール2の給電コイル21に、給電モジュール2に供給する電力の駆動周波数を所定の値に設定した発振回路を備えた交流電源6を接続し、受電モジュール3の受電コイル31に、受電された交流電力を整流化する安定回路7及び過充電を防止する充電回路8を介して充電池9を接続している。
上記無線電力伝送装置1の構成を踏まえて、無線電力伝送装置1が供給する電力を調整する供給電力制御方法について説明する。
・・・(式4)
次に、無線電力伝送装置1が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性の性質を有する場合(後述)と、双峰性の性質を有する場合(後述)における入力インピーダンスZinの可変範囲について説明する。ここで、伝送特性『S21』とは、ネットワークアナライザ110(本実施形態では、アジレント・テクノロジー株式会社製のE5061Bを使用)に無線電力伝送装置1を接続して計測される信号を表しており、デシベル表示され、数値が大きいほど電力伝送効率が高いことを意味する。
次に、上記概念及び関係を踏まえて、無線電力伝送装置1が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性の性質を有する場合と双峰性の性質を有する場合における無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの可変範囲に関する測定実験1について説明する。
まず、比較対象として、無線電力伝送装置1が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性の性質を有する場合の無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinを測定した。具体的には、無線電力伝送装置1(図3参照)において、図5に示すように、給電コイル21にネットワークアナライザ110の出力端子111を接続し、受電コイル31には、ネットワークアナライザ110の入力端子112を接続して、給電モジュール2に所定の駆動周波数の電力を供給して、給電共振器22から受電共振器32に共振現象により電力を磁界エネルギーとして供給することによって伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinを測定する。この際、給電共振器22と受電共振器32との間の距離d23を48mmに固定し、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12、及び、受電コイル31と受電共振器32との間の距離d34を変えて測定する。また、伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinは、伝送特性『S21』の値がピーク(最大)となる共振周波数に駆動周波数を合わせて測定している。
次に、本実施例として、無線電力伝送装置1が有する伝送特性『S21』が双峰性の性質を有する場合の無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinを測定した。測定方法としては、上記単峰性の測定方法の場合と同じである。ただし、給電共振器22と受電共振器32との間の距離d23を48mmに固定し、給電コイル21と給電共振器22との間の距離d12、及び、受電コイル31と受電共振器32との間の距離d34の組み合わせを色々と変えて測定した。ただし、双峰性の性質を有するように、距離d12及び距離d34は、4mmより大きい値を取るように変えている。また、伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinは、伝送特性『S21』の値がピーク(最大)となる、低周波側の周波数fL(同相共振モード)及び高周波側の周波数fH(逆相共振モード)に駆動周波数を合わせて、低周波側の周波数fL(同相共振モード)及び高周波側の周波数fH(逆相共振モード)における伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinを測定した。
次に、上記無線電力伝送装置1が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性及び双峰性の性質を有する場合の無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZin測定において、所定の伝送特性『S21』に設定した場合の入力インピーダンスZinの可変範囲を測定する。なお、本比較例・実施例では、所定の伝送特性『S21』として、例示的に-2.2dBとした場合と、-2.8dBとした場合について測定した。
まず、伝送特性『S21』が、およそ-2.2dBの値を示す距離d12及び距離d34の組み合わせを挙げると、単峰性では、図6に示すように、比較例3が挙げられ、双峰性では、図8(A)に示すように、実施例8~12が挙げられる。
まず、伝送特性『S21』が、およそ-2.8dBの値を示す距離d12及び距離d34の組み合わせを挙げると、単峰性では、図6に示すように、比較例2が挙げられ、双峰性では、図8(B)に示すように、実施例13~17が挙げられる。
上記測定実験1では、図3に示す回路構成の無線電力伝送装置1が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性の性質を有する場合と双峰性の性質を有する場合における無線電力伝送装置1の入力インピーダンスZinの可変範囲に関する測定実験1について説明したが、本測定実験2では、図9に示すように、無線電力伝送装置1に対してその回路構成を変えた無線電力伝送装置101を使用して測定する。具体的には、無線電力伝送装置101は、図9に示すように、無線電力伝送装置1における給電コイル21からコンデンサC1を除いた給電コイル121、及び、無線電力伝送装置1の受電コイル31からコンデンサC4を除いた受電コイル131を備え、その他は無線電力伝送装置1と同じ構成をしている。
無線電力伝送装置101が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性の性質を有する場合と双峰性の性質を有する場合における無線電力伝送装置101の入力インピーダンスZinの可変範囲に関する測定実験2について説明する。
まず、測定実験1同様に、比較対象として、無線電力伝送装置101が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性の性質を有する場合の無線電力伝送装置101の入力インピーダンスZinを測定した。具体的には、無線電力伝送装置101(図9参照)において、給電コイル121にネットワークアナライザ110の出力端子111を接続し、受電コイル131には、ネットワークアナライザ110の入力端子112を接続して、給電モジュール2に所定の駆動周波数の電力を供給して、給電共振器22から受電共振器32に共振現象により電力を磁界エネルギーとして供給することによって伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinを測定する。この際、給電共振器22と受電共振器32との間の距離d23を48mmに固定し、給電コイル121と給電共振器22との間の距離d12、及び、受電コイル131と受電共振器32との間の距離d34を変えて測定する。また、伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinは、伝送特性『S21』の値がピーク(最大)となる共振周波数に駆動周波数を合わせて測定している。
次に、本実施例として、無線電力伝送装置101が有する伝送特性『S21』が双峰性の性質を有する場合の無線電力伝送装置101の入力インピーダンスZinを測定した。測定方法としては、上記単峰性の測定方法の場合と同じである。ただし、給電共振器22と受電共振器32との間の距離d23を48mmに固定し、給電コイル121と給電共振器22との間の距離d12、及び、受電コイル131と受電共振器32との間の距離d34の組み合わせを色々と変えて測定した。ただし、双峰性の性質を有するように、距離d12及び距離d34は、4mmより大きい値を取るように変えている。また、伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinは、伝送特性『S21』の値がピーク(最大)となる、低周波側の周波数fL(同相共振モード)及び高周波側の周波数fH(逆相共振モード)に駆動周波数を合わせて、低周波側の周波数fL(同相共振モード)及び高周波側の周波数fH(逆相共振モード)における伝送特性『S21』及び入力インピーダンスZinを測定した。
次に、上記無線電力伝送装置101が有する伝送特性『S21』が単峰性及び双峰性の性質を有する場合の無線電力伝送装置101の入力インピーダンスZin測定において、所定の伝送特性『S21』に設定した場合の入力インピーダンスZinの可変範囲を測定する。なお、本比較例・実施例では、所定の伝送特性『S21』として、例示的に-2.0dBとした場合と、-2.7dBとした場合について測定した。
まず、伝送特性『S21』が、およそ-2.0dBの値を示す距離d12及び距離d34の組み合わせを挙げると、単峰性では、図10に示すように、比較例3が挙げられ、双峰性では、図12(A)に示すように、実施例9~15が挙げられる。
まず、伝送特性『S21』が、およそ-2.7dBの値を示す距離d12及び距離d34の組み合わせを挙げると、単峰性では、図10に示すように、比較例2が挙げられ、双峰性では、図12(B)に示すように、実施例16~20が挙げられる。
次に、無線電力伝送装置1を製造する一工程である、設計方法(設計工程)について、図13及び図14を参照して説明する。本説明では、無線電力伝送装置1を搭載する携帯機器としてイヤホンスピーカ部201aを備えた無線式ヘッドセット200、及び、充電器201を例にして説明する(図13参照)。
まず、図14に示すように、充電池9の容量、及び、充電池9の充電に必要とされる充電電流から、受電モジュール3が受電する受電電力量が決まる(S1)。
上記製造方法の説明では、無線式ヘッドセット200を例示して説明したが、充電池を備えた機器であれば、タブレット型PC、デジタルカメラ、携帯電話、イヤホン型音楽プレイヤー、補聴器、集音器などにも使用することができる。
2 給電モジュール
3 受電モジュール
6 交流電源
7 安定回路
8 充電回路
9 充電池
21 給電コイル
22 給電共振器
31 受電コイル
32 受電共振器
200 無線式ヘッドセット
201 充電器
Claims (7)
- 給電コイル及び給電共振器の少なくとも1つを備えた給電モジュールから、受電共振器及び受電コイルの少なくとも1つを備えた受電モジュールに対して磁界を変化させて電力を供給する無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法であって、
前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の駆動周波数が、前記給電モジュール及び前記受電モジュールにおける共振周波数とはならない値で供給し、
前記給電モジュール及び前記受電モジュールを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値をパラメータとして、当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、当該無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスZinを設定して供給する電力を調整することを特徴とする無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法。 - 少なくとも給電コイル及び給電共振器を備えた給電モジュールから、少なくとも受電共振器及び受電コイルを備えた受電モジュールに対して共振現象によって電力を供給する無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法であって、
前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の駆動周波数が、前記給電モジュール及び受電モジュールにおける共振周波数とはならない値で供給し、
前記給電コイルを構成する、コイルL1を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ1、
前記給電共振器を構成する、コイルL2を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ2、
前記受電共振器を構成する、コイルL3を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ3、
前記受電コイルを構成する、コイルL4を含む各回路素子が有する合計のインピーダンスをZ4、
前記受電コイルから給電される機器の合計の負荷インピーダンスをZl、
前記給電コイルのコイルL1と前記給電共振器のコイルL2との間の相互インダクタンスをM12、
前記給電共振器のコイルL2と前記受電共振器のコイルL3との間の相互インダクタンスをM23、
前記受電共振器のコイルL3と前記受電コイルのコイルL4との間の相互インダクタンスをM34、
とし、
前記給電コイル、前記給電共振器、前記受電共振器、及び、前記受電コイルを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値、及び、前記相互インダクタンスをパラメータとして、
当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、下記関係式により導出される当該無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスZinを制御して供給する電力を調整することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法。
- 前記給電モジュール及び前記受電モジュールを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値、及び、前記相互インダクタンスをパラメータとして、当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の前記駆動周波数に対する伝送特性の値が、前記共振周波数よりも低い駆動周波数帯域及び前記共振周波数よりも高い駆動周波数帯域にそれぞれピークを有するように設定することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法。
- 前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の駆動周波数は、前記共振周波数よりも低い駆動周波数帯域に現れる伝送特性のピーク値に対応する帯域であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法。
- 前記給電モジュールに供給する電力の駆動周波数は、前記共振周波数よりも高い駆動周波数帯域に現れる伝送特性のピーク値に対応する帯域であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の無線電力伝送装置の供給電力制御方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の供給電力制御方法により調整されたことを特徴とする無線電力伝送装置。
- 給電コイル及び給電共振器の少なくとも1つを備えた給電モジュールから、受電共振器及び受電コイルの少なくとも1つを備えた受電モジュールに対して供給する電力の駆動周波数が、前記給電モジュール及び受電モジュールにおける共振周波数とはならない値で供給し、且つ、磁界を変化させて電力を供給する無線電力伝送装置の製造方法であって、
前記給電モジュール及び前記受電モジュールを構成する複数の回路素子の各素子値をパラメータとして、当該パラメータをそれぞれ変えることにより、当該無線電力伝送装置の入力インピーダンスZinを制御して、当該無線電力伝送装置が供給可能な電力を調整する設計工程を含むことを特徴とする無線電力伝送装置の製造方法。
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