WO2014117743A1 - 复合制品 - Google Patents

复合制品 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014117743A1
WO2014117743A1 PCT/CN2014/071779 CN2014071779W WO2014117743A1 WO 2014117743 A1 WO2014117743 A1 WO 2014117743A1 CN 2014071779 W CN2014071779 W CN 2014071779W WO 2014117743 A1 WO2014117743 A1 WO 2014117743A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
composite
ethylene
fabric
composite article
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/071779
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈永海
焦华
张正
Original Assignee
纳幕尔杜邦公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 纳幕尔杜邦公司 filed Critical 纳幕尔杜邦公司
Publication of WO2014117743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014117743A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/22Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046Synthetic resin

Definitions

  • a fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin-based composite fabric refers to a material obtained by combining fibers (glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, and other kinds of fibers) with a thermosetting resin.
  • the fibers may be filamentary long fibers, chopped fibers, fiber woven fabrics, and thermosetting resins are most commonly used as unsaturated resins and epoxy resins.
  • the combination of fiber and resin makes it possible to produce products with high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance and weather resistance. Suitable for almost all industrial and consumer products in aerospace, medical, sports, electronics, construction, etc.
  • composite fabrics can be divided into structural members and surface decorative members.
  • the surface requirements of the product are usually not high, as long as the strength and weight required by the product are met, such as bridge reinforcements, aircraft skeletons, and automotive beams.
  • the surface smoothness, surface hardness and wear resistance of the composite material are very high, such as various sports equipment, electronic and electrical products, and it is usually necessary to maintain the woven texture of various fiber materials, and The light refraction effect characteristic of the texture is transmitted.
  • Fiber woven fabric reinforced composite fabrics usually leave voids at the latitude and longitude intersection of the woven fabric, due to the shrinkage during the curing of the resin, resulting in the warp and weft intersections of the fiber woven fabric, the surface of the product.
  • polymer films are replacing coatings more frequently for surface decoration and protection.
  • polymer films offer more and more design freedom, lower cost, and better environmental friendliness than conventional coatings.
  • Many sports and industrial products have protective and decorative films on the surface.
  • Many applications require new materials to be continuously reduced in cost for widespread use.
  • thermoplastic polyamide composition has good mechanical properties, heat resistance, impact resistance and chemical resistance, and is molded into a plurality of different complexities due to its flexibility and flexibility.
  • thermoplastic polyamide compositions are therefore promising for a variety of different applications (including components for automobiles, electronic/electrical components, household appliances, furniture, computers, digital products, and communication devices, etc.).
  • thermoplastic polyamide compositions are particularly suitable for the preparation of handheld electronic devices (eg mobile phones, personal digital assistants, laptops, tablets, GPS receivers, portable game consoles, radios, cameras and camera accessories).
  • the outer shell Since such polyamide compositions required for such applications should have a good balance of mechanical properties and aesthetics, and at the same time do not interfere with the expected operability of the handheld electronic device (e.g., by absorbing electromagnetic waves), such applications are very demanding. High application.
  • thermoplastic polyamide compositions for fiber reinforced thermosetting resin-based composites to form composite articles having good adhesion, maintaining the fiber reinforced thermosetting resin matrix composites and thermoplastic polymerization.
  • the present invention provides a composite article comprising a part a) a composite fabric formed by pre-impregnating fibers with a thermosetting resin, and a component b) at least one multilayer film laminated on the fabric, or Component a) and component b) are constructed.
  • the multilayer film can be a thermoplastic multilayer film, for example, covering it with a fabric impregnated with a thermosetting resin.
  • the multilayer film comprises a bonding layer, an optional adhesive layer and an outer surface layer in order from the inside to the outside in contact with the surface of the fabric, or the multilayer film is bonded by an adhesive layer, optionally The agent layer and the outer surface layer are formed, wherein the bonding layer adheres to the surface of the composite fabric.
  • the bonding layer comprises an ionomer, consists essentially of an ionomer, or is comprised of an ionomer
  • the bonding layer comprises an ethylene-acid copolymer, consists essentially of an ethylene-acid copolymer, or consists of an ethylene-acid copolymer.
  • the multilayer film comprises an adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer is a maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, preferably a maleic anhydride modified low density polyethylene.
  • the outer surface layer comprises polyamide, or a mixture thereof, consists essentially of polyamide or a mixture thereof, or consists of polyamide or a mixture thereof.
  • ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ two kinds of love B: ⁇ 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4—real or one ⁇ 1 ⁇ —is a false—or non-existent, A is false (or non-existent) and B is true (or existing), and A and B are both true (or exist).
  • the present invention provides a composite article comprising a composite fabric pre-impregnated with a thermosetting resin and at least one multilayer film laminated on the fabric.
  • laminating a multilayer film to a composite fabric eliminates surface pinhole phenomenon during thermosetting composite fabric molding, and provides a good basis for subsequent coating of the product surface, reducing or even eliminating a large amount of The labor of repairing and polishing, etc., significantly reduces the cost of product processing, for example, by about 20-30%, and the comprehensive yield rate is significantly improved, for example, by more than 30%.
  • thermosetting resin Generally, it is difficult to directly thermally bond and adhere between the cured thermosetting resin and the thermoplastic material.
  • the film of the present invention replaces the surface of the past thermosetting resin with the surface of the polyamide, thereby improving the adhesion between the composite article and other thermoplastic materials.
  • the composite product needs to be processed into a structure of a small structure such as a snap type, the composite product can be placed in an injection mold to be overmolded with a snap fastener. Spraying paint on the surface of composite articles has also become easier and more secure.
  • the composite fabric used in the present invention is a thermosetting resin-based composite fabric, which is a combination of a fiber fabric and a thermosetting resin.
  • the fibers can be, for example, glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers, and other types of fibers.
  • the fibers may be filamentary long fibers, chopped fibers, fiber woven fabrics, or other suitable forms.
  • the fibers of the present invention may be, for example, aramid fibers.
  • the aramid may be, for example, polyparaphenylamide (PBA), poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) or poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA).
  • PBA polyparaphenylamide
  • PMIA poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide)
  • PPTA poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)
  • the fiber is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), which is for example obtained under the trade name Kevlar®.
  • thermosetting resin of the present invention may be any thermosetting resin commonly used in the art, such as an unsaturated polyester resin, a glycidyl ether epoxy resin, a glycidyl ester epoxy resin, a glycidylamine epoxy resin. Resin, linear aliphatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, etc.
  • the composite fabric of the present invention has an areal density of from about 10 to about 10,000 g/m 2 , preferably an areal density of from about 50 to about 5000 gm 2 .
  • the amount of thermosetting resin used in the present invention is about the total weight of the composite fabric. 10-about 90%, preferably about 20-about 50%
  • the composite article of the present invention comprises a multilayer film laminated to one surface or two opposing surfaces of a composite fabric.
  • the multi-layer film comprises, in order from the inside to the outside, in accordance with the surface in contact with the fabric: a bonding layer, an optional adhesive layer and an outer surface layer, wherein the bonding layer adheres to the surface of the composite fabric.
  • the outer surface layer comprises a polyamide or a mixture thereof, consists essentially of polyamide or a mixture thereof, or consists of a polyamide or a mixture thereof.
  • the polyamide (PA) is a condensation product of one or more dicarboxylic acids and one or more diamines, and / or one or more aminocarboxylic acids.
  • PA polyamide
  • HMD hexamethylenediamine (or 6, when used in combination with diacids)
  • PACP 2,2-bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)propane
  • the term "6" when used alone refers to a polymer repeating unit formed of ⁇ -caprolactam.
  • a diacid such as hydrazine, for example, 6 ⁇
  • “6” means HMD.
  • the diamine is first specified.
  • the first "6” means diamine HMD
  • the second "6” means adipic acid.
  • repeats derived from other amino acids or lactams are determined by the number of atoms - a single two-digit number.
  • the composite fabric of the present invention has a multilayer film laminated on one surface or two opposite surfaces thereof.
  • the multilayer film of the present invention is adhered to the composite fabric by a bonding layer.
  • the tie layer comprises an ionomer, consists essentially of an ionomer, or consists of an ionomer.
  • the ionomer is a thermoplastic resin containing a metal ion in addition to an organic chain molecule, which has a solid polymer property peculiar to a crosslinked polymer and a melt-manufacturable property peculiar to a non-crosslinked thermoplastic polymer, and can be used for In the package and used in Sporting goods such as golf balls (see, for example, U.S. Patent 3,262,272).
  • the term "ionomer” refers to a polymer comprising an ionic group, wherein the ionic group is a carboxylate, such as an ammonium carboxylate, an alkali metal carboxylate, an alkaline earth metal carboxylate, a transition A combination of a metal carboxylate and/or such a carboxylate.
  • such polymers are typically prepared by partially or completely neutralizing (eg, by reacting with a base) a carboxylic acid group of a precursor or parent polymer, wherein the precursor or parent polymer is an acid copolymer. .
  • the ionomer used in the present invention is, for example, an olefin (for example, a lower olefin such as a C 2 -C 8 olefin such as a C 2 -C 6 olefin such as ethylene) and an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated C 3 to C. 8-carboxylic acid (such as acrylic acid (AA), methacrylic acid (MAA) or maleic acid monoethylester (MAME)) ionic copolymers of an acid copolymer, wherein at least some of the carboxylic acid moieties in the copolymer are neutralized to form Corresponding carboxylates.
  • an olefin for example, a lower olefin such as a C 2 -C 8 olefin such as a C 2 -C 6 olefin such as ethylene
  • an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated C 3 to C. 8-carboxylic acid such as acrylic
  • the acid portion of the acid copolymer is neutralized by a metal ion selected from the group consisting of alkali metals such as lithium, sodium or potassium, and transition metals such as manganese or zinc, and their mixture. Still preferably, from about 10% to about 90%, from about 20% to about 80%, 30% or about 70% of the acid portion of the acid copolymer is neutralized by the metal ion.
  • metal ionomers useful herein are sodium ionomers (or sodium neutralized ionomers) or zinc ionomers, such as copolymers of ethylene and methacrylic acid, wherein the carboxylic acid groups of the copolymerized methacrylic acid units All or a portion of the mass is in the form of a sodium carboxylate group.
  • the bonding layer comprises an ethylene-acid copolymer, consists essentially of an ethylene-acid copolymer, or consists of an ethylene-acid copolymer.
  • the ethylene acid copolymer useful in the present invention comprises copolymerized units derived from: (a) ethylene, and (b) one or more a, ⁇ -olefinic bonds containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Unsaturated monocarboxylic acid.
  • C 3 .8 ⁇ , ⁇ -olefin bond unsaturated carboxylic acids include acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; more preferably 8 ⁇ , ⁇ - ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid consisting essentially of.
  • the ethylene acid copolymer may be described as a copolymer of ruthenium/iridium monomers, and more preferably a copolymer of ethylene and (meth)propane acid, wherein ruthenium represents ethylene.
  • Copolymerized unit, X represents a copolymerized unit derived from a C 3 -C 8 ⁇ , ⁇ - ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid such as acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid.
  • the ethylene acid copolymer has an acid content of greater than about 0.1%, more preferably greater than about 0.2% or greater, based on the total weight of the ethylene acid copolymer.
  • Preferred copolymers are those in which the copolymerized comonomer of the C 3 - ⁇ , ⁇ ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is present in the copolymer in an amount of about 2% by weight, or about 5% by weight, or about 10% by weight to about 25 wt%; or from about 30 wt% to about 40 wt% of those. More preferred copolymers are those in which the copolymerized comonomer of C 3 -C 8 ⁇ , ⁇ ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid includes acrylic acid or methacrylic acid. Specific examples of such suitable ethylene acid copolymers include, but are not limited to, ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers And ethylene/methacrylic acid copolymer.
  • the ethylene acid copolymer can be prepared by any suitable method.
  • An ethylene acid copolymer containing a high amount of acid can be prepared in a continuous polymerization machine by using a "co-solvent technique" as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,028,674, or by using a copolymer which is slightly higher than a copolymer having a lower acid content.
  • the pressure produces an ethylene acid copolymer containing a high amount of acid in a continuous polymerization machine.
  • the tie layer comprises an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer or a derivative modified by maleic anhydride grafting, ie, maleic anhydride grafted ethylene-acetic acid
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • the vinyl ester copolymer consists essentially of, or consists of, the copolymer or the derivative.
  • the vinyl acetate content exceeds about 10% by weight, and it is also preferred that the vinyl acetate content exceeds about 15% by weight. /. .
  • the maleic anhydride has a graft content of more than about 0.01% by weight, more preferably more than about 10% by weight.
  • the vinyl acetate content is greater than about 5% by weight, preferably greater than or equal to about 9% by weight, or greater.
  • the adhesive layer is between the bonding layer and the outer surface layer.
  • the adhesive layer of the present invention comprises barium maleate grafted polyethylene, polyethylene consisting essentially of maleic anhydride grafted, or polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride.
  • the polyethylene portion of the maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene used in the present invention may be various forms of polyethylene, such as high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene. , very low density polyethylene and / or ultra low density polyethylene.
  • the polyethylene preferably comprises a small amount of one or more monomers of propylene, butene, or octene ( ⁇ about 50 tf% r and recorded co-polymers, ie low density polyethylene and linear low density polyethylene B is preferably Low density polyethylene.
  • maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene When maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene is used, it is preferred that the maleic anhydride has a graft content of more than about 0.01% by weight, and more preferably more than about 10% by weight.
  • the content of polyethylene e.g., low density polyethylene
  • the composite article of the present invention comprises a composite fabric formed by pre-impregnating fibers with a thermosetting resin and at least one multilayer film laminated on the fabric.
  • the multilayer film comprises a tie layer, an optional adhesive layer and an outer surface layer, and is adhered to the surface of the composite fabric by the joint layer.
  • the multilayer film of the present invention is laminated to one surface of a composite fabric. In another embodiment, the multilayer film of the present invention is laminated to two opposing surfaces of a composite fabric.
  • each layer in the multilayer film and the total thickness of the multilayer film are not particularly limited.
  • the bonding layer thickness can be greater than or equal to about 1 micron, greater than or equal to about 5 micrometers, greater than or equal to about 7 micrometers, greater than or equal to about 20 micrometers, greater than Or equal to about 100 microns, or higher.
  • the bond layer thickness can be less than or equal to about 5 mm, less than or equal to about 500 microns, less than or equal to about 120 microns, or less.
  • the adhesive layer may have a thickness greater than or equal to about 1 micron, greater than or equal to about 5 micrometers, greater than or equal to about 20 micrometers, greater than Or equal to about 100 microns, or higher.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer can be less than or equal to about 500 microns, less than or equal to about 200 microns, less than or equal to about 120 microns, or less. Without being bound by any known theory, it is believed that it is advantageous for the thickness of the adhesive layer to be greater than or equal to about 5 microns to provide better adhesion of the multilayer film to the composite fabric.
  • the outer surface layer thickness is preferably greater than or equal to about 1 micron, more preferably greater than or equal to about 5 microns, greater than or equal to about 7 microns, or higher.
  • the outer surface layer thickness can be less than or equal to about 5 mm, less than or equal to about 100 microns, less than or equal to about 20 microns, or less. Without being bound by any known theory, it is believed that it is advantageous for the outer surface layer to have a thickness greater than or equal to about 10 microns to provide better scratch, corrosion and surface smoothness of the multilayer film.
  • the total thickness of the composite article is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the desired adhesion between the layers of the multilayer film and between the multilayer film and the composite fabric and the surface properties of the outer surface; For applications such as laptops, tablets, and the outer casing of a palmtop computer, it is preferred to arrange the thickness of each layer such that the total thickness of the composite article is less than or equal to about 5 mm, preferably less than or equal to about 105 mm.
  • Ionomer 1 sodium salt, MFR 1 0
  • DuPont P&IP USA / ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, partially neutralized sodium salt, melt flow rate. 1.0 (190, 2 16 kg);
  • Ionomer 2 (zinc salt, MFR 14) from DuPont P&IP, USA / ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, partially neutralized zinc salt steroid flow rate ⁇ 14 (190 ° C, 2 16 kg);
  • Ionomer 3 (zinc salt, MFR 5.5): from DuPont P&IP, USA/ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, partially neutralized zinc salt, melt flow rate '5 5 (190'C, 2 16 kg) ;
  • PA1010 polyamide from DuPont DPP, USA, 100 weight ° /.
  • Polyamide • PA610 polyamide. From DuPont DPP, USA, 100% by weight polyamide;
  • E-MAA Copolymer 1 (acid content: 9 wt%) 'ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, from DuPont P&IP, USA ;
  • E-MAA copolymer 2 (acid content: 12 wt%) ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer from DuPont P&IP, USA;
  • E-AA copolymer (acid content: 9.5 wt%) Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer from DuPont P&IP, USA;
  • MA-g-EVAl (VA 25 wt%), maleic anhydride grafted ethylene vinyl acetate from DuPont P&IP, USA / EVA > 99 wt ° /. , MA ⁇ 1%;
  • MA-g-EYA2 (VA: 9 wt%).
  • EVA 1 (VA 25 wt%) ethylene-vinyl acetate, from DuPont P&IP, USA I EVA 100% by weight;
  • EVA2 (VA-9 wt%). Ethylene-vinyl acetate, from Sinopec Beijing / EVA 100% by weight;
  • a composite article according to the invention is generally prepared as follows: A multilayer film (two or three layers, a bonding layer and an outer surface layer or bonding layer, an adhesive) as described in the invention is prepared a layer and an outer surface layer, obtained on a blown film or cast coextrusion apparatus; placing the multilayer film on one or both sides of the resin-impregnated composite fabric; at a temperature of about 170 ° C and about 25 The multilayer film and the composite fabric were laminated by a hot press at a pressure of MPa for 20 to 30 minutes, and the resin was cured and molded, and the multilayer film was also closely attached to the surface of the article.
  • Membrane - Composite fabric adhesion A small PTFE release film is sandwiched between the multilayer film before curing and the prepreg. After the curing is completed, the surface film is removed to remove the PTFE, and the surface film and composite material are manually peeled off. If there is separation, it will be “poor”, if it cannot be separated, it will be "good”.
  • Membrane - Nylon Frame Adhesion In some cases where dimensional requirements are precise, nylon or other engineering plastic frame is required for snapping. After the composite article is over-molded to prepare a frame, the adhesion of the article to the nylon frame is manually detected, and if it is difficult to manually separate the two, the adhesion is considered to be good.
  • Embodiment 1 Using the ionomer 1 as a bonding layer, maleic anhydride grafted low density polyethylene as an adhesive layer and PA6I/6T as an outer surface layer, a three-layer multilayer film as described in the present invention is prepared, The multilayer film was laminated to both sides of the composite fabric as described in the general procedure to obtain a composite article El-E4 according to the present invention, respectively.
  • the composite articles E1-E4 prepared in accordance with the present invention exhibit good adhesion between the multilayer film and the composite fabric and a good surface quality of the composite article.
  • the multilayer film is laminated to both sides of the composite fabric as described in the general procedure to obtain composite articles ⁇ 5- ⁇ 8 and CE* and CE**, respectively, as described herein.
  • the composite article E5-E8 prepared in accordance with the present invention exhibited good adhesion between the multilayer film and the composite fabric.
  • the film blowing cannot be carried out in accordance with the general process described in the present invention. Without being bound by any known theory, it is believed that this may be due to the fact that the coefficient of friction of the PA610 does not match the extruder screw of the three-layer film blowing line used.
  • the multilayer film in the CE* and CE** composite articles was obtained by hot pressing.
  • the preparation process of the composite product includes:
  • Hot pressing the layers of the multilayer film 7 grams of resin was placed between two PTFE membranes, the temperature was set to 15 for the ionomer and MA-g-LDPE (TC, 230 °C for PA610) The pressure was set at 100 psi and the pressing time was 10 minutes. When the film was cooled to room temperature, it was separated from the PTFE membrane, and the thickness of the single layer film was 150-200 ⁇ m.
  • the three layers used in the multilayer film of the present invention were placed layer by layer with MA-g-LDPE in the middle and ionomer and PA610 as the surface. Then, on the - ⁇ side, the film is placed and further pressed - (230'C7100 - psi ⁇ nin), and the resulting film thickness is 250-300 microns.
  • the resulting three-layer film was laminated with a Kevlar composite fabric in which PA610 was used as an outer surface by hot pressing (170 ⁇ / 35 psi / 30 mm).
  • Example 1 Basically as described in Example 1, using the ionomer 1 as a bonding layer, optionally a low density polyethylene grafted with lanthanum maleate as an adhesive layer, and PA6I/6T and PA1010 as outer surface layers, respectively.
  • a multilayer film is prepared, and two sheets of the multilayer film are laminated to both sides of the composite fabric as described in the general process to obtain composite articles E9-E14 and CE i-2 according to the present invention, respectively.
  • the main difference of Example 1 is that the thickness of each layer in the multilayer film is changed separately, wherein E9-E14 uses a three-layer film as described in the present invention, and CE1-2 does not use an adhesive layer.
  • the composite article E9-E14 prepared in accordance with the present invention exhibited good adhesion between the multilayer film and the composite fabric.
  • the composite article E15-E21 prepared in accordance with the present invention exhibits good adhesion between the multilayer film and the composite fabric, as well as good adhesion between the composite article and the nylon frame.
  • Acid content 9% Acid containing Jun: 12% Acid containing ⁇ : .5 % Acid containing ⁇ (K2%
  • MA-g-EVAl Using the MA-g-EVAl, MA-g-EVA2, EVA 1, EVA 2, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and the maleic anhydride grafted low density polyethylene as the bonding layer, respectively, and PA6I/ 6T as an outer surface layer, preparing a two-layer multilayer film according to the present invention, and laminating two sheets of the multilayer film to both sides of the composite fabric as described in the general process, respectively, as obtained by the present invention
  • the composite product CE7-CE12 described.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及复合制品,其包含以下部件a)和部件b),或者由所述部件a)和部件b)构成:a)通过用热固性树脂预先浸渍纤维形成的复合织物;和b)层压在该织物上的至少一个多层膜,该多层膜按照与织物接触的表面从内到外依次包含接合层、任选的粘合剂层和外表面层,或者所述多层膜由接合层、任选的粘合剂层和外表面层构成,其中所述接合层粘附至复合织物的表面;其中所述接合层包含离聚物,所述接合层包含乙烯-酸共聚物,和/或所述接合层包含乙烯_乙酸乙烯酯共聚物或其经马来酸酐接枝而改性的衍生物,该衍生物是马来酸酐接枝的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物;和所述外表面层包含聚酰胺或其混合物。

Description

复合制品 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及复合制品, 更具体地涉及包含用热固性树脂预先浸渍的复合织物和层压 在该织物上的至少一个多层膜材料的复合制品。
背景技术
[0002] 纤维增强的热固性树脂基复合织物是指将纤维(玻璃纤维、 碳纤维、 芳纶纤维及其 它种类的纤维) 与热固性树脂结合而成的材料。 其中的纤维可以是丝状长纤维, 短切纤维, 纤维编织布, 热固性树脂最常用的是不饱和树脂和环氧树脂。 纤维与树脂这两种材料的结合 可以制造出强度大, 质量轻, 耐腐蚀, 耐候性良好的产品。 适用于航天航空、 医疗、 运动、 电子、 建筑等几乎所有的工业和日用产品领域。
[0003] 从材料的功能应用特点划分, 复合织物可以分成结构件和表面装饰件。 对于结构 件, 通常对于产品的表面要求不高, 只要达到产品要求的强度和重量就可以, 如桥梁加固 件, 飞行器骨架, 汽车梁架等。 但对于表面装饰件的产品则对复材表面平滑度, 表面硬度, 耐磨性等要求很高, 比如各种运动器材, 电子电器产品外壳, 通常还需要保持各种纤维材料 的编织纹理, 并透射出该紋理特有的光折射效果。
[0004] 纤维编织布增强的复合织物, 通常会在编织物的经纬向交叉点会留下空隙, 由于树 脂的固化过程中存在收缩性, 导致特别是在纤维编织布的经纬交叉点, 产品表面会出现的大 ΐ针 1艮 以在 ϋ作表 ΐ材一料 ^ϋϋ^—品 1ί7¥ϋί¥¾物产品 ¾ffi¾¾ T 为了解决这一问题, 通常需要使用大量人工, 对产品表面进行修补, 或多次喷漆覆盖, 并且 每次都需要磨平, 重复进行, 直至填平针眼, 所以产品的残次率都会高达 30%以上, 无法做 到与注塑产品类似的良品率, 影响制品的量产化。
[0005] 另一方面, 聚合物膜正更加频繁地代替涂层用于表面装饰和保护。 例如, 聚合物膜 提供越来越多的设计自由度、 更低的成本并且比常规涂覆更佳的环境友好性。 许多体育制品 和工业制品的表面具有保护性和装饰性薄膜。 许多应用要求新材料能够不断降低成本, 以便 广泛应用。
[0006] 在各种聚合物材料中, 热塑性聚酰胺组合物具有良好的机械特性、 耐热性、 抗冲击 性和耐化学品性, 并且由于可方便灵活地将其模制成多种不同复杂与精细程度的制品, 因此 热塑性聚酰胺组合物有希望用于各种不同的应用 (包括用于汽车的部件、 电子 /电气部件、 家用电器、 家具、 电脑、 数码产品和通讯设备等)。 [Οθοη 例如, 热塑性聚酰胺组合物尤其适于制备手持式电子器件 (例如移动电话、 个人数 字助理、 膝上型计算机、 平板电脑、 全球定位系统接收器、 便携式游戏机、 收音机、 照相机 和照相机配件) 的外壳。 由于此类应用需要的聚酰胺组合物应具有机械特性和美观方面的良 好平衡、 与此同时还不会 (如通过吸收电磁波)妨碍手持式电子器件的预期可操作性, 故此 类应用是要求很高的应用。
[0008] 因此, 本领域存在将热塑性聚酰胺组合物用于纤维增强热固性树脂基复合材料的需 求, 从而形成具有良好粘附性的复合制品, 保持所述纤维增强热固性树脂基复合材料和热塑 性聚酰胺组合物各自的优点。
发明内容
[0009] 本发明提供了一种复合制品, 其包含部件 a)通过用热固性树脂预先浸渍纤维形成的 复合织物, 和部件 b) 层压在该织物上的至少一个多层膜, 或者由所述部件 a)和部件 b) 构成。
[0010] 所述多层膜能够为热塑型多层膜, 使用时例如将其覆盖在浸渍有热固性树脂的织物
(预浸料)表面, 然后与预浸料一起进行热压固化和成型。
[0011] 所述多层膜按照与织物接触的表面从内到外依次包含接合层、 任选的粘合剂层和外表 面层, 或者所述多层膜由接合层、 任选的粘合剂层和外表面层构成, 其中所述接合层粘附至 复合织物的表面。
[0012] 在一个实施方案中, 所述接合层包含离聚物、 基本上由离聚物组成、 或者由离聚物
[0013] 在一个实施方案中, 所述接合层包含乙烯 -酸共聚物、 基本上由乙烯-酸共聚物组成、 或者由乙烯-酸共聚物组成。
[0014] 在一个实施方案中, 所述多层膜包含粘合剂层。
[0015] 在一个实施方案中, 所述粘合剂层是马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯, 优选马来酸酐改性的 低密度聚乙烯。
[0016] 在一个实施方案中, 所述外表面层包含聚酰胺或其混合物、 基本上由聚酰胺或其混 合物组成、 或者由聚酰胺或其混合物组成。
具体实施方式
[0017] 下列定义适用于本说明书自始至终所使用的术语, 除非在具体情况中另行限制。
[0018] 除非另行定义, 否则本文所用的所有科技术语的含义与本发明所属领域的普通技术 人员通常理解的一样。 如发生矛盾, 则以本说明书及其所包括的定义为准。 [0019] 尽管在本发明的实践或测试中可使用与本文所述的那些方法和材料的类似者或等同 者, 但合适的方法和材料是本文所描述的那些。 本文描述的材料、 方法和实例仅仅是例证性 的, 并且除非明确指明, 其并不旨在进行限制。
[0020] 除非另行指出, 否则所有百分比、 份数、 比率等均按重量计。
[0021] 当数量、 浓度或其他数值或参数以范围、 优选范围或优选上限数值和优选下限数值 的列表形式给出时, 其应理解为具体地公开由任何范围上限或优选数值和任何范围下限或优 选数值的任何一对所构成的所有范围, 而不管此类范围是否被单独地公开。 凡在本文中给出 某一数值范围之处, 该范围均旨在包括其端点, 以及位于该范围内的所有整数、 分数和无理 数, 除非另行指出。 此外, 当一种组分的含量以具有 0下限的范围表示时, 此类组分为任选 组分。 如果存在, 此类任选组分以有限量包含, 按组合物的总重量计优选为至少约 0.1 重 量%。 术语 "有限量"是指大于零的量。 进一步就此而言, 当术语 "约"用于描述数值或范 围的端点时, 本公开的内容应被理解为包括该具体的数值或所涉及的端点。 概括地说, 当定 义一个范围时, 本发明的范围并不限于所列举的具体数值。
[0022] 如本文所用, 术语 "包含"、 "含有"、 "包括"、 "涵盖"、 "特征在于"、 "具有"或它 们的任何其他变形均旨在涵盖非排他性的包括。 例如, 包括要素列表的工艺、 方法、 制品或 设备不必仅限于那些要素, 而是可以包括未明确列出的或该工艺、 方法、 制品或设备所固有 的其他要素。
[0023] 此外, 除非另外明确说明, 否则 "或"是指包含性的 "或 ", 而不是指排他性的
。Έ¾πΓ¾—Τί壬荷二种情 条 B: ^ ¾¾—实的了或 一的 Γ1 Β—是一虚假— 的 (或不存在的), A是虚假的 (或不存在的) 且 B是真实的 (或存在的), 以及 A和 B都 是真实的(或存在的)。
[0024] 过渡短语 "由…组成"不包括未在权利要求中指定的任何要素、 步骤或成分, 从而 将权利要求限定为只包括列出的那些材料, 而不含除杂质外通常与其相关的物项。 当短语 "由…组成"出现在权利要求项的条款中, 而不是立即跟在前序后时, 其只限制在该条款中 阐述的要素; 而其他要素作为整体未被棑除在权利要求之外。
[0025] 过渡短语 "基本上由…组成"将权利要求的范围限制在指定的材料或步骤, 以及不 会对受权利要求书保护的发明所具有的基本特征和新特征造成实质影响的那些材料或步骤。 '"基本上由…组成' 的权利要求处于以 '由 ···组成' 格式书写的封闭式权利要求和以 '包 含 /包括' 格式撰写的全开放式权利要求的范围之间。"然而, 如本文所定义, 术语 "基本上 由…组成"并不把任选的、 其含量适合此类添加剂的添加剂以及微量杂质排除在组合物之 外。
[0026] 若使用诸如 "包含 /包括"的可广泛解释的过渡短语描述发明或其子组合时, 则除非 在具体情况下另外指明, 该术语应解释为包括使用过渡短语 "基本上由…组成"和 "由…组 成"对本发明或子组合进行的描述。 同样地, 除非另外指明, 否则使用过渡短语 "基本上 由…组成"描述的发明或子组合也包括使用过渡短语 "由…组成"对本发明或子组合所进行 的描述。
[0027] 本发明提供了复合制品, 其包含用热固性树脂预先浸渍的复合织物和层压在该织物 上的至少一个多层膜。
[0028] 按照本发明的一个实施方案, 将多层膜层压至复合织物, 消除了热固性复合织物成 型时的表面针眼现象, 给产品表面后续喷涂提供了好的基础, 减少甚至免去了大量的修补打 磨等人工, 使产品加工的成本显著下降, 例如下降 20-30%左右, 综合良品率显著提高, 例 如提高 30%以上。
[0029] 一般来说, 固化后的热固性树脂与热塑型材料之间很难直接热粘接粘附。 本发明所 述的薄膜将过去热固性树脂表面替换成为聚酰胺的表面, 从而提高了复合材料制件与其他热 塑材料之间的可粘附性。 复合制品需要加工细小结构如卡扣类的结构时, 可以将复合制品放 置在注塑模具内注塑包覆上卡扣件。 在复合制品表面喷涂油漆也变得更加容易和牢固。
[0030] 复合织物
本发明所用的复合织物是热固性树脂基复合织物, 其是指将纤维织物与热固性树脂结合而成
—的 輯7—屏途复吾—织 够—是 ¾—固性树脂预先—浸渍的有机或—无机的 织—或无—钫织物。
[0031] 所述纤维能够是例如玻璃纤维、 碳纤维、 芳纶纤维及其它种类的纤维。 所述纤维可 以是丝状长纤维, 短切纤维, 纤维编织布, 或其它适当形式。
[0032] 在一个实施方案中, 本发明所述纤维可以是例如芳族聚酰胺纤维。 所述芳族聚酰胺 可以是例如聚对苯酰胺(PBA)、 聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺(PMIA) 或聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺 (PPTA)。 优选所述纤维是聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺, 其例如以商品名 Kevlar®获得。
[0033] 本发明所述热固性树脂可以是本领域通常釆用的任何热固性树脂, 例如为不饱和聚 酯树脂, 缩水甘油醚环氧树脂, 缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂, 缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂, 线型脂肪 族类环氧树脂, 脂环族类环氧树脂等。
[0034]在一个实施方案中, 本发明所用复合织物的面密度为约 10-约 10000 g/m2, 优选面密 度为约 50-约 5000 g m2
[0035] 在一个实施方案中, 相对于所述复合织物总重量, 本发明所用热固性树脂的量为约 10-约 90%, 优选约 20-约 50%
多层膜
本发明所述复合制品包含层压在复合织物的一个表面或两个相对的表面上的多层膜。 所述多 层膜按照与织物接触的表面从内到外依次包含: 接合层、 任选的粘合剂层和外表面层, 其中 所述接合层粘附至复合织物的表面。
[0036]外表面层
在一个实施方案中, 所述外表面层包含聚酰胺或其混合物、 基本上由聚酰胺或其混合物组 成、 或者由聚酰胺或其混合物组成。 聚酰胺 (PA) 为一种或多种二元羧酸和一种或多种二 胺、 和 /或一种或多种氨基羧酸的缩合产物。
[0037] 以下列表例示了用于标识聚酰胺 (PA) 中的单体和重复单元的缩写:
HMD 己二胺(或 6, 与二酸联合使用时)
AA 己二酸
I 间苯二甲酸
T 对苯二甲酸
DMD 癸二胺
DDMD 十二烷二胺
DDA 癸二酸
DDDA 十二烷二酸
TDDA 十四烷二酸
MXD 间苯二甲基二胺
MPMD 2-甲基 1,5-戊二胺
TMD 2,2,4-三甲基己二胺
IND 2,4,4-三甲基己二胺
MACM 3,3'-二甲基 -4,4'-二氨基 -二环己基甲烷
IPD 3-氨基甲基 -3,5,5-三甲基环己胺
PACM 双 (4-氨基环己基)甲烷
PACP 2,2-双 (对氨基环己基)丙烷
ND 1,6-二氨基 -2,2,4-三甲基己烷
6 由 ε -己内酰胺形成的聚合物重复单元
66 由 HMD和 AA形成的聚合物重复单元 610 由 HMD和 DDA形成的聚合物重复单元
612 由 HMD和 DDDA形成的聚合物重复单元
1010 由 DMD和 DDA形成的聚合物重复单元
1012 由 DMD和 DDDA形成的聚合物重复单元
61 由 HMD和 I形成的聚合物重复单元
6T 由 HMD和 T形成的聚合物重复单元
IPDI 由 IPD和 I形成的聚合物重复单元
IPDT 由 IPD和 T形成的聚合物重复单元
PACMI 由 PACM和 I形成的聚合物重复单元
PACMT 由 HMD和 T形成的聚合物重复单元
TMDT 由 TMD和 T形成的聚合物重复单元
6 由 ε -己内酰胺形成的聚合物重复单元
11 由 11-氨基十一烷酸形成的聚合物重复单元
12 由 12-氨基十二烷酸形成的聚合物重复单元
注意, 在本领域中, 术语 "6"单独使用时是指由 ε -己内酰胺形成的聚合物重复单元。 此 外, 当 "6"与二酸(例如 Τ)联合使用时, 例如 6Τ, "6"是指 HMD。 在包含二胺和二酸 的重复单元中, 首先指定的是二胺。 此外, 当 "6"与二胺联合使用时, 例如 66, 第一个 "6"是指二胺 HMD, 第二个 "6"是指己二酸。 同样地, 源自其他氨基酸或内酰胺的重复 单 措定为代 原子数量的—单二数字。一
[0038] 在本发明中, 可以使用一种或多种聚酰胺, 优选使用 PA6I/6T、 PA6T/6I, PA66、 PA610、 PA612, PAIOIO, PA1012或其混合物。 本发明还优选 PA6I/6T, VA6V6 PA610、 PAIOIO或其混合物。 本发明更优选 M6I/6T、 PA6T/6I、 PAIOIO或其混合物。 在一个实施方 案中, 本发明使用 PA6I/6T。
[0039] 接合层
本发明的复合织物在其一个表面或两个相对的表面上层压有多层膜。 在一个实施方案中, 本 发明的多层膜通过接合层粘附至复合织物。
[0040] 在一个实施方案中, 所述接合层包含离聚物、 基本上由离聚物组成、 或者由离聚物 组成。
[0041] 离聚物是除了有机链分子之外还包含金属离子的热塑性树脂, 其具有交联的聚合物 特有的固态性能和非交联的热塑性聚合物特有的可熔融制造性能, 并且可用于包装中和用于 体育用品 (例如高尔夫球)(参见例如美国专利 3262272)。
[0042] 如本文所用, 术语 "离聚物"是指包含离子基团的聚合物, 其中离子基团为羧酸 盐, 例如羧酸铵、 碱金属羧酸盐、 碱土金属羧酸盐、 过渡金属羧酸盐和 /或此类羧酸盐的组 合。 如本文所定义, 此类聚合物通常通过部分地或完全地中和(例如通过与碱反应)前体或 母体聚合物的羧酸基团来制备, 其中前体或母体聚合物为酸共聚物。
[0043] 因此, 本发明所用离聚物例如为由烯烃(例如低级烯烃, 例如 C2-C8烯烃, 例如 C2- C6烯烃, 诸如乙烯) 和 α , β -不饱和 C3至 C8羧酸 (诸如丙烯酸 (AA)、 甲基丙烯酸 (MAA) 或马来酸单乙酯 (MAME) ) 的酸共聚物形成的离子共聚物, 其中共聚物中至少一 些羧酸部分被中和形成相应的羧酸盐。 优选地, 酸共聚物的约 5%至约 95%酸部分被金属离 子中和, 所述金属离子选自碱金属, 如锂、 钠或钾, 和过渡金属, 如锰或锌、 以及它们的混 合物。 还优选地, 酸共聚物的约 10 %至约 90 %、 约 20 %至约 80 %、 30 %或约 70%酸部分 被金属离子中和。 本文所用金属离聚物的实例为钠离聚物 (或钠中和的离聚物) 或锌离聚 物, 例如乙烯和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物, 其中共聚的甲基丙烯酸单元的羧酸基团的全部或一部 分为羧酸钠基团形式。
[0044] 在一个实施方案中, 所述接合层包含乙烯 -酸共聚物、 基本上由乙烯-酸共聚物组成、 或者由乙烯-酸共聚物组成。
[0045] 本发明可用的乙烯酸共聚物包含来源于以下单体的共聚单元: (a)乙烯, 和 (b)—种或 多种包含 3至 8个碳原子的 a , β -烯键式不饱和一元羧酸。
[00461 乙烯酸共 通 —中— 聚单— 婦—置—接 ¾—井 1聚 物—链—中—必须存在—共— 聚单元的共聚物。 然而, 其中酸性共聚单体通过后聚合 "接枝''反应添加到现有的聚合物链 上的 "接枝"酸性共聚物也可适用。 优选地, C3.8 α,β -烯键式不饱和羧酸包括丙烯酸或甲 基丙烯酸; 更优选地 .8 α,β -烯键式不饱和羧酸基本上由丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸组成。
[0047] 更具体地讲, 可将乙烯酸共聚物描述为 Ε/Χ两种单体的共聚物, 并且更优选为乙烯 和 (甲基)丙¾酸的共聚物, 其中 Ε代表来源于乙烯的共聚单元, X代表来源于 C3-C8 α , β - 烯键式不饱和一元羧酸(例如丙烯酸或 (甲基)丙烯酸) 的共聚单元。 优选乙烯酸共聚物中酸 的含量大于约 0.1 %, 还优选大于约 0.2 %或更高, 基于该乙烯酸共聚物总重量计。 优选的共 聚物为其中 C3- α , β烯键式不饱和羧酸的共聚的共聚单体在共聚物中的含量为约 2重 量%、 或约 5重量%、 或约 10重量%至约 25重量%; 或约 30重量%至约 40重量% 的那 些。 更优选的共聚物为其中 C3-C8 α , β烯键式不饱和羧酸的共聚的共聚单体包括丙烯酸或 甲基丙烯酸的那些。 此类合适的乙烯酸共聚物的具体实例包括但不限于乙烯 /丙烯酸共聚物 和乙烯 /甲基丙烯酸共聚物。
[0048] 乙烯酸共聚物可以通过任何合适的方法制备。 可通过使用如美国专利 5,028,674 中所 述的 "共溶剂技术"在连续聚合机中制备含有高量酸的乙烯酸共聚物, 或者通过釆用稍高于 制备酸含量较低的共聚物的压力在连续聚合机中制备含有高量酸的乙烯酸共聚物。
[0049] 在另一实施方案中, 所述接合层包含乙烯 -乙酸乙烯酯 (EVA)共聚物或其经马来酸 酐接枝而改性的衍生物, 即马来酸酐接枝的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、 基本上由该共聚物或 所述衍生物组成、 或者由该共聚物或所述衍生物组成。 在使用乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物时, 优选乙酸乙烯酯含量超过约 10重量%, 还优选乙酸乙烯酯含量超过约 15重量。 /。。 在使用经 马来酸酐接枝改性的所述衍生物时, 优选马来酸酐的接枝含量超过约 0 1 重量%, 还优选超 过约 1 0重量%。 特别地, 对于马来酸酐接枝乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯, 优选其乙酸乙烯酯含量大于 约 5重量%, 优选大于或等于约 9重量%, 或更高。
[0050]粘合剂层
本发明所述多层膜在使用离聚物作为接合层时, 优选配合使用粘合剂层。 粘合剂层位于接合 层和外表面层之间。 本发明所述粘合剂层包含马来酸酑接枝的聚乙烯、 基本上由马来酸酐接 枝的聚乙烯组成、 或者由马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯组成。
[0051] 本发明使用的马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯中的聚乙烯部分可以是各种形式的聚乙烯, 例 如高密度聚乙烯、 中密度聚乙烯、 低密度聚乙烯、 线性低密度聚乙烯、 极低密度聚乙烯和 / 或超低密度聚乙烯。 聚乙烯优选包含少量丙烯, 丁烯, 或辛烯中一种或几种单体(<约 50 tf%r与 錄—的共—聚物 即低密度聚乙烯和线性低密度聚乙 H优选是低密度聚乙烯。一
[0052] 当使用马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯时, 优选马来酸酐的接枝含量超过约 0 1 重量%, 还优 选超过约 1 0重量%。 聚乙烯(例如低密度聚乙烯) 的含量小于或等于约 99 9重量%, 还优 选小于或等于约 99重量%。
[0053] 复合制品
本发明的复合制品包含通过用热固性树脂预先浸渍纤维形成的复合织物和层压在该织物上的 至少一个多层膜。 该多层膜包含接合层、 任选的粘合剂层和外表面层, 并通过所述接合层粘 附至复合织物的表面。
[0054] 在一个实施方案中, 本发明的多层膜层压至复合织物的一个表面上。 在另一实施方 案中, 本发明的多层膜层压至复合织物的两个相对的表面上。
[0055] 多层膜中各层的厚度和多层膜总厚度没有特别限制。 例如, 接合层厚度可以大于或 等于约 1微米, 大于或等于约 5微米, 大于或等于约 7微米, 大于或等于约 20微米, 大于 或等于约 100微米, 或更高。 接合层厚度可以小于或等于约 5毫米, 小于或等于约 500微 米, 小于或等于约 120微米, 或更低。
[0056] 当该多层膜包含接合层、 粘合剂层和外表面层时, 粘合剂层厚度可以大于或等于约 1 微米, 大于或等于约 5微米, 大于或等于约 20微米, 大于或等于约 100微米, 或更高。 粘 合剂层厚度可以小于或等于约 500微米, 小于或等于约 200微米, 小于或等于约 120微米, 或更低。 不受任何已知理论束缚, 据信粘合剂层厚度大于或等于约 5微米是有利的, 其能够 提供多层膜对复合织物更好的粘附。
[005 外表面层厚度优选大于或等于约 1 微米, 更优选大于或等于约 5微米, 大于或等于 约 7微米, 或更高。 外表面层厚度可以小于或等于约 5毫米, 小于或等于约 100微米, 小于 或等于约 20微米, 或更低。 不受任何已知理论束缚, 据信外表面层厚度大于或等于约 10微 米是有利的, 其能够提供多层膜更好的耐刮擦、 耐腐蚀和表面平整性。
[0058] 复合制品总厚度没有特别限制, 只要其满足所需的多层膜各层之间以及多层膜与复 合织物之间的粘附性能和外表面的表面性能即可; 但对于手机、 笔记本电脑、 平板电脑、 掌 上电脑的外壳等应用而言, 优选布置各层厚度以使复合制品总厚度小于或等于约 5毫米, 优 选小于或等于约 0 5毫米。
实施例
[0059]本发明的各种实施方式通过以下的实施例更进一步例示而非限制性地得以展示。
[0060]材料:
^—芳族聚酰胺织物— (Kevlar®—织物 环氧树脂预浸渍的复合织物 Γ—得—自元碳科技- (深圳),生一 产商为台洋纤维材料有限公司 (东莞)。 织物 ^ SSO g/m 树脂 40 wt%;
• 离聚物 1(钠盐, MFR 1 0) 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA /乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物,部分中和的钠盐, 熔体流动速率. 1.0 ( 190 , 2 16 kg);
• 离聚物 2(锌盐, MFR 14) 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA /乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物,部分中和的锌盐 瑢体流动速率 · 14 ( 190°C, 2 16 kg) ;
• 离聚物 3(锌盐, MFR 5.5):来自 DuPont P&IP, USA /乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物,部分中和的锌盐, 熔体流动速率 ' 5 5 (190'C, 2 16 kg);
• 马来酸酐接枝的低密度聚乙烯 (ΜΑ-g-LDPE)·来自 DuPont Ρ&ΕΡ, USA I LDPE > 99重量%, MA< 1 重量0 /0
' PA6I/6T聚酰胺'来自 DuPont P&IP, USA, 100重量%聚酰胺 ;
• PA1010聚酰胺 来自 DuPont DPP, USA, 100重量 °/。聚酰胺; • PA610聚酰胺.来自 DuPont DPP, USA, 100重量%聚酰胺;
• E-MAA共聚物 1(酸含量: 9 wt %)'乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物, 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA;
• E-MAA共聚物 2(酸含量: 12 wt%)乙烯-甲基丙烯酸共聚物, 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA;
• E-AA共聚物 (酸含量: 9.5 wt%) 乙烯 -丙烯酸共聚物来自 DuPont P&IP, USA;
• MA-g-EVAl (VA 25 wt%), 马来酸酐接枝的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯, 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA / EVA> 99重量 °/。, MA < 1%;
• MA-g-EYA2 (VA: 9 wt%). 马来酸酐接枝的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯, 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA I EVA > 99 Sfi%, MA< l 重量1 ½;
• EVA 1 (VA 25 wt%) 乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯, 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA I EVA 100重量%;
• EVA2 (VA- 9 wt%). 乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯, 来自中国石化北京 / EVA 100重量%;
• 马来酸酐接枝的聚丙烯(MA-g-PP): 来自 DuPont P&IP, USA/ PP > 99重量%, MA < 1 重 量%。
[0061]一般过程
在本发明实施例中, 一般地如下制备如本发明所述的复合制品: 制备如本发明所述的多层膜 (两层或三层, 接合层和外表面层或接合层, 粘合剂层和外表面层, 在吹膜或流延共挤出设 备上获取); 将该多层膜放置在浸渍了树脂的复合织物的一侧或两侧; 在约 170°C的温度和 约 2 5 MPa压力下, 使用热压机层压所述多层膜和复合织物 20-30分钟, 树脂固化成型的同 时, 多层膜也紧密贴合在制件表面。
【0062〗—性能测试
• 膜 -复合织物粘附性: 在固化前的多层膜与预浸料之间夹一小段 PTFE防粘膜, 待固化结 束后, 划开表面膜取出 PTFE, 并手动剥离表面膜与复合材料。 若出现分离, 则表现为 "差", 若无法分离, 则为 "良好"。
[0063】 · 复合制品表面质量: 通过肉眼观察检验复合制品表面, 包括以下项目:
-气泡或孔洞, 其中 > 0 10 mm认定为缺陷, 表面质量 "良好"允许的缺陷数为 0;
-表面压痕, 其中 > 0 40 mm认定为缺陷, 表面质量 "良好"允许的缺陷数为 0;
-刮痕, 表面质量 "良好"允许的最大宽度为 0.05mm, 最大总长度为 12 0mmm。
[0064] · 膜 -尼龙框架粘附性: 在某些对尺寸要求精确的场合, 需要尼龙或其他工程塑料外 框做卡扣。 复合制品经过二次成型 (over-molding)制备边框后, 手动检测制品与尼龙框架 的粘附性, 若二者之间难以手工分离, 则认为该粘附性良好。
[0065] 实施例 1 使用所述离聚物 1作为接合层, 马来酸酐接枝的低密度聚乙烯作为粘合剂层和 PA6I/6T作为 外表面层, 制备如本发明所述的三层多层膜, 将两片该多层膜如所述一般过程所述层压至所 述复合织物的两侧, 分别得到如本发明所述的复合制品 El-E4。
[0066]按照本发明制备的复合制品 E1-E4表现出多层膜与复合织物之间良好的粘附性以及 复合制品良好的表面质量。
[0067] 复合制品 E1-E4的配方及其性能测试结果概括在表 1中。
[0068]表 1 :
Figure imgf000012_0001
[0069] 实施例 2
使用所述离聚物 1 作为接合层, 马来酸酐接枝的低密度聚乙烯作为粘合剂层, 以及 — Ρ 6Ι/6ΤΓΡΑ101 和— ΡΑ6Ϊ0—分 作—为—外—表面层 7制—备如—本―发 1蕭¾的—兰—层多
多层膜如所述一般过程所述层压至所述复合织物的两侧, 分别得到如本发明所述的复合制品 Ε5-Ε8以及 CE*和 CE**。
[0070] 按照本发明制备的复合制品 E5-E8表现出多层膜与复合织物之间良好的粘附性。
[0071] 复合制品 E5-E8的配方及其性能测试结果概括在表 2中。
[0072]表 2:
Figure imgf000013_0001
其中, 需要注意的是, 在使用 PA610作为外表面层时, 不能按照本发明所述的一般过程进 行吹膜。 不受限于任何已知理论, 据信这可能是由于 PA610 的摩擦系数与所用三层膜吹膜 生产线的挤出机螺杆不匹配。 由此, 该 CE*和 CE**复合制品中的多层膜通过热压制得。 该 复合制品的制备过程包括:
热压所述多层膜的各层: 将 7克树脂放置在两个 PTFE膜之间, 温度对于离聚物和 MA-g- LDPE设定为 15(TC, 对 PA610设定为 230°C。 压力设定在 lOOpsi, 压制时间为 10分钟。 当 膜冷却至室温时, 将其从所述 PTFE膜分离, 单层膜厚度为 150-200微米。
[0073] 将本发明多层膜所用的三层逐层放置, MA-g-LDPE处于中间, 而离聚物和 PA610作 为表面。 然后在—¥侧上¾置 ΡΊΤΕ膜并再¾压— (230'C7100— psi^ nin),——所得≡层膜厚度为一 250-300微米。
[0074] 然后, 将所得三层膜与 Kevlar复合织物层压在一起, 其中 PA610作为外表面, 通过 热压进行 (170Ό / 35 psi / 30 mm)。
[0075】 实施例 3
基本如实施例 1所述, 使用所述离聚物 1作为接合层, 任选马来酸酑接枝的低密度聚乙烯作 为粘合剂层, 以及 PA6I/6T和 PA1010分别作为外表面层, 制备多层膜, 将两片该多层膜如 所述一般过程所述层压至所述复合织物的两侧, 分别得到如本发明所述的复合制品 E9-E14 和 CEi-2, 与实施例 1的主要区别在于分别改变多层膜中各层的厚度, 其中 E9-E14使用如 本发明所述的三层膜, 而 CE1-2不使用粘合剂层。
[0076] 按照本发明制备的复合制品 E9-E14表现出多层膜与复合织物之间良好的粘附性。
[0077] 复合制品 E9-E14和 CE1-2的配方及其性能测试结果概括在表 3中。 [0078] 表 3:
Figure imgf000014_0001
[0079】 实施例 4
使用所述离聚物 1、 2和 3分别作为接合层, 马来酸酐接枝的低密度聚乙烯作为粘合剂层, 以及 PA6I/6T和 PA1010分别作为外表面层, 制备如本发明所述的三层多层膜, 将两片该多 层膜如所述一般过程所述层压至所述复合织物的两侧, 分别得到如本发明所述的复合制品 E15-E2U
[0080] 按照本发明制备的复合制品 E15-E21 表现出多层膜与复合织物之间良好的粘附性, 以及复合制品与尼龙框架之间良好的粘附性。
【00811 复合制品- E15-E21的配方及其性能测试结果概括在表 -4中。——
[0082]表 4:
Π
Figure imgf000015_0001
[0083]实施例 5
使用所述 E-MAA共聚物 1和 2、 E-AA共聚物和所述马来酸酐接枝的低密度聚乙烯分别作 为接合层, 以及 PA6I/6T作为外表面层, 制备如本发明所述的两层多层膜, 将两片该多层膜 如所述一般过程所述层压至所述复合织物的两侧, 分别得到如本发明所述的复合制品 CE3- CE6。
[0084] 复合制品 CE3-CE6的配方及其性能测试结果概括在表 5中。
[0085] 表 5:
CE3 CE4 CE5 cm
¾树 ev i环 树 KcvlaW¾树 J
¾合织物
m 脂
Ζ*ΜΑΑ共膽 E-MAA E-AA共聚物 ^ MA-¾-LDP£ ί 10 接合 j½ /ΙΟμιη 物 / 10 μηι ΙΟ αι
酸含^: 9% 酸含駿: 12% 酸含鷇: .5 % 酸含^ (K2%
粘合剂 1 / 1 i
ΡΑίΙΛΤ聚赚 PAW6T聚 |¾ PA6J/6T 聚饞 ΡΑ6Ϊ6Τ聚琅胺 / 外細
/25 οι 胺 /25 μώι 胺 /25μπι 2?拜
多 膜 H ¾好 U 不
¾合织物
性能 的粘 M性
合制 ¾ < 25-β.27 mm ft.25-0.2? mm 0.25-l».27 mm 0.25-0J7mm 職 [0086] 实施例 6
使用所述 MA-g-EVAl 、 MA-g-EVA2、 EVA 1、 EVA 2、 马来酸酐接枝的聚丙烯和所述马来 酸酐接枝的低密度聚乙烯分别作为接合层, 以及 PA6I/6T作为外表面层, 制备如本发明所述 的两层多层膜, 将两片该多层膜如所述一般过程所述层压至所述复合织物的两侧, 分别得到 如本发明所述的复合制品 CE7-CE12。
[0087] 复合制品 CE7-CE12的配方及其性能测试结果概括在表 6中。
[0088]表 6:
Figure imgf000016_0001
【0089j 本发明已经通过以上的发明内容、 各实施方案和实施伊 ^¾7 细说明和例示展 现; 但本发明仍然可能存在对于本领域技术人员来说在本发明精神范围内的显而易见的变 化、 修饰和 /或改进, 因而这些变化、 修饰和 /或改进也在本发明的范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.复合制品, 其包含以下部件 a)和部件 b), 或者由所述部件 a)和部件 b)构成: a)通过用热固性树脂预先浸渍纤维形成的复合织物; 和
b)层压在该织物上的至少一个多层膜, 该多层膜按照与织物接触的表面从内到外依次包含 接合层、 任选的粘合剂层和外表面层, 或者所述多层膜由接合层、 任选的粘合剂层和外表面 层构成, 其中所述接合层粘附至复合织物的表面;
其中所述接合层包含离聚物、 基本上由离聚物组成、 或者由离聚物组成, 所述接合层包含乙 烯 -酸共聚物、 基本上由乙烯-酸共聚物组成、 或者由乙烯-酸共聚物组成, 和 /或所述接合层 包含乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物或其经马来酸酐接枝而改性的衍生物、 基本上由该共聚物或所 述衍生物组成、 或者由该共聚物或所述衍生物组成, 该衍生物是马来酸酐接枝的乙烯 -乙酸 乙烯酯共聚物; 和
所述外表面层包含聚酰胺或其混合物、 基本上由聚酰胺或其混合物组成、 或者由聚酰胺或其 混合物组成。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述的复合制品, 其中所述接合层包含离聚物、 基本上由离聚物组成、 或者由离聚物组成。
3.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述多层膜包含粘合剂层。
4,根据权利要求 3 所述的复合制品, 其中所述粘合剂层包含马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯、 基本 上由马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯组成、 或者由马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯组成。
5.根据权利要求 4所述的复合制品, 其中所述马来酸酐接枝的聚乙烯是马来酸酐接枝的低 - 密度聚乙烯或线性低密度聚乙烯。 -
6.根据权利要求 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述离聚物为由燦轻和 α , β -不饱和 C3至 C8羧酸 形成的离子共聚物。
7.根据权利要求 6所述的复合制品, 其中所述烯烃为 C2-C8烯烃, 例如 C2-C6烯烃, 诸如乙 烯, 酸共聚物的约 5至约 95 重量%酸被金属离子部分中和。
8.根据权利要求 7所述的复合制品, 其中所述金属离子选自碱金属和过渡金属以及它们的 混合物, 例如所述碱金属为锂、 钠或钾或其混合物, 例如所述过渡金属为锰或锌或其混合 物。
9.根据权利要求 1 或 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述聚酰胺为 PA6I/6T、 PA6T/6I, PA66、 PA610, PA612、 PA1010、 PA1012或其混合物, 优选 PA6I/6T、 PA6T/6I, PA610、 PAIOIO 或其混合物, 更优选 PA6I/6T、 PA6T/6I, PAIOIO或其混合物, 例如 PA6I/6T。
10.根据权利要求 1所述的复合制品, 其中所述乙烯 -酸共聚物为乙烯和 (甲基)丙烯酸的共聚 物。
11.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述复合织物是用热固性树脂预先浸渍的有 机或无机的纺织或无纺织物。
12.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述纤维是芳族聚酰胺纤维; 优选所述芳族 聚酰胺是聚对苯酰胺、 聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺或聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺, 优选所述纤维是聚 对苯二甲酰对苯二胺。
13.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述热固性树脂是不饱和聚酯树脂, 缩水甘 油醚环氧树脂, 缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂, 缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂, 线型脂肪族类环氧树脂, 或脂环族类环氧树脂, 优选所述树脂为缩水甘油醚环氧树脂。
14.根据权利要求 1或 2所述的复合制品, 其中所述多层膜层压至复合织物的一个表面上; 或者所述多层膜层压至复合织物的两个相对的表面上。
PCT/CN2014/071779 2013-02-01 2014-01-29 复合制品 WO2014117743A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310044093.3 2013-02-01
CN201310044093.3A CN103963396A (zh) 2013-02-01 2013-02-01 复合制品

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014117743A1 true WO2014117743A1 (zh) 2014-08-07

Family

ID=51233615

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2014/071779 WO2014117743A1 (zh) 2013-02-01 2014-01-29 复合制品

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103963396A (zh)
WO (1) WO2014117743A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016074903A (ja) * 2014-10-08 2016-05-12 エーエムエス−パテント アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 流動性ポリアミド

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101842226A (zh) * 2007-10-31 2010-09-22 纳幕尔杜邦公司 高度耐磨离聚物管
US20120178325A1 (en) * 2010-08-10 2012-07-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamide composite structures and processes for their preparation

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1105119C (zh) * 1997-06-24 2003-04-09 日本聚烯烃株式会社 乙烯共聚体、使用了该共聚体的层叠体及中空成型体
KR100658121B1 (ko) * 1999-01-22 2006-12-14 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 부직포 적층체
US6764741B2 (en) * 2000-12-27 2004-07-20 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Laminated product having surface protection layer
CN100591713C (zh) * 2004-02-27 2010-02-24 东丽株式会社 碳纤维增强复合材料用环氧树脂组合物、预浸料坯、一体化成型品、纤维增强复合材料板及电气·电子设备用外壳
CN102485294B (zh) * 2010-12-03 2014-10-15 邓禄普体育用品株式会社 高尔夫球

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101842226A (zh) * 2007-10-31 2010-09-22 纳幕尔杜邦公司 高度耐磨离聚物管
US20120178325A1 (en) * 2010-08-10 2012-07-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyamide composite structures and processes for their preparation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016074903A (ja) * 2014-10-08 2016-05-12 エーエムエス−パテント アクチェンゲゼルシャフト 流動性ポリアミド

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103963396A (zh) 2014-08-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5380284B2 (ja) 半芳香族ポリアミド複合物品およびその調製方法
CN106393570B (zh) 复合聚酰胺制品
JP6041077B1 (ja) ハニカム構造体及びサンドイッチ構造体ならびにそれらを製造するためのハニカム用基材
JP5924460B1 (ja) ハニカム用基材、ハニカム構造体及びサンドイッチ構造体
TW201628860A (zh) 壓力容器、襯墊及壓力容器之製造方法
KR101861496B1 (ko) 폴리아미드 복합 구조체 및 그 제조 방법
US20120108130A1 (en) Overmolded polyamide composite structures and process for their preparation
EP3010713A1 (en) Hybrid glass fibers carbon fibers thermoplastic composites
JP6443218B2 (ja) 複合シートの製造方法
KR20190069497A (ko) 워핑을 제한하기 위한 원형 단면을 갖는 유리 섬유를 포함하는 지방족 폴리아미드 혼합물 중 반방향족 폴리아미드의 용도
JP6468030B2 (ja) 複合フィルムの製造方法および複合材料
CN113226737A (zh) 金属纤维强化塑料复合材料
WO2014117743A1 (zh) 复合制品
JP6836741B2 (ja) 複合成形体およびその製造方法
KR101951632B1 (ko) 계면접착성 및 내마모성이 우수한 하이브리드 프리프레그 및 이의 제조방법
CN105109160A (zh) 高强度防弹热塑性聚丙烯复合板材及其制造方法
JP6848409B2 (ja) 複合成形体
TW202103918A (zh) 纖維強化樹脂成形體
CN112839800B (zh) 包含金属以及聚酰胺和丙烯酸酯的聚合物层的层压制件
JP5264092B2 (ja) ポリアミド系樹脂組成物及び複合成形体
WO2023095400A1 (ja) 多層体、および、多層体の製造方法
JP7395923B2 (ja) プリプレグと接合するためのポリアミド樹脂フィルム、及び積層体
JP2023078064A (ja) 多層体の製造方法
WO2022238526A1 (en) Hot-melt adhesive composition
JP2023078063A (ja) 多層体、および、多層体の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14746236

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14746236

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1