WO2014088326A1 - 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 저해제를 포함하는 신경세포의 아폽토시스 억제용 조성물 - Google Patents
포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 저해제를 포함하는 신경세포의 아폽토시스 억제용 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/53—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with three nitrogens as the only ring hetero atoms, e.g. chlorazanil, melamine
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- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
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- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition for inhibiting apoptosis, a dietary supplement, and a method for inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor.
- PEDs Phosphodiesterases
- PDEs Phosphodiesterases
- PDE 5 is an enzyme that breaks down cGMP to produce 5′-GMP, and thus inhibiting it has been reported to maintain the concentration of cGMP to maintain erection (Boolel, M. et al., Br. J. of Urology, 78, 257-261 (1996)). Accordingly, PDE 5 inhibitors are being used as erectile dysfunction therapeutics.
- PDE 5 inhibitors are known. Viagra TM (general name: Sildenafil; WO 94/28902) was approved by the US FDA as the first male erectile dysfunction treatment, and also CialisTM (general name: tadalafil; WO 95/19978) and Levitra TM (general name) Valdenafil; Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. Emviks TM (general name: Myrodenafil; KR0358083) is also known as a PDE 5 inhibitor. The drugs are known to show excellent therapeutic effects and improve sexual function in about 70% of patients. As another medicinal use of PDE 5 inhibitors, the therapeutic effect of portal hypertension, liver-kidney syndrome, and liver-pulmonary syndrome is known (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0024807), and the effect of improving the fertility of mammals Also reported (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2002-0031062).
- PDE 5 inhibitors sildenafil and vardenafil have been reported to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (Marika Sarfati et al., BLOOD, VOLUME 101, NUMBER 1 (2003).
- PDE 5 inhibitors rather inhibit apoptosis in brain neurons. Specifically, as a result of administering the PDE 5 inhibitor to an animal model in which neuronal apoptosis was induced due to brain injury, apoptosis of brain neurons was significantly suppressed, and neuroprotective effects of neuronal apoptosis were inhibited. By confirming that the decrease in cognition and motor function is improved, the present invention has been completed.
- An object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons.
- Another object of the present invention to provide a dietary supplement for inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons.
- the present invention provides a composition for inhibiting apoptosis, a dietary supplement, and apoptosis suppression method of brain neurons containing a PDE 5 inhibitor.
- the PDE 5 inhibitor exhibits neuronal protective action by inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons.
- composition of the present invention can prevent, ameliorate and treat cerebral neurological diseases through the inhibition of apoptosis of brain neurons.
- 1 is a histopathological picture showing the neuronal protective effects (myotrophic, degenerative neurons, Caspase-3 and PARP) of mirdenafil.
- Figure 2 shows the weight change of the animal model according to the mirodenafil treatment.
- Figure 3 is a histopathological picture of brain sections showing neuroprotective effects of myrondenafil (brain atrophy, degenerative neurons, Caspase-3 and PARP).
- Figure 4 shows the weight change of the animal model according to the treatment with mirdenafil.
- Figure 5 shows the change in the forelimb placement inspection according to the mirodenafil treatment time.
- Figure 6 shows the change in hindlimb placement inspection according to the treatment with mirdenafil.
- Figure 8 shows the change of cognitive motor behavior (water maze test) according to the mirodenafil treatment time. Values are expressed as mean ⁇ SD of 8 rats.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) a pharmaceutically effective amount of a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor; And (ii) provides a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the present invention provides a brain nerve comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor.
- a composition comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor.
- the invention comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor It provides a method for improving dysfunction or motor dysfunction.
- PDE 5 inhibitors rather inhibit apoptosis in brain neurons. Specifically, as a result of administering the PDE 5 inhibitor to an animal model in which neuronal apoptosis was induced by brain injury, apoptosis of brain neurons was significantly inhibited, and neuroprotective effects of neuronal apoptosis were inhibited. It was confirmed that the decrease in cognition and motor function is improved.
- PDE 5 inhibitor refers to a substance that can selectively or non-selectively inhibit or reduce the catalysis of PDE 5.
- PDE 5 inhibitors include compounds, peptides, small molecules, antibodies or fragments thereof, and natural extracts.
- the PDE 5 inhibitor is a compound.
- the PDE 5 inhibitor is mirodenafil (mirodenafil), sildenafil (sildenafil), vardenafil (vardenafil), tadalafil (tadalafil), udenafil (udenafil), Dasantafil (dasantafil), avanafil; And their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates.
- the PDE 5 inhibitor is mirdenafil, sildenafil, vardenafil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salts refer to formulations of compounds that do not cause serious irritation to the organism to which the compound is administered and do not impair the biological activity and properties of the compound.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salts are prepared by conventional methods well known in the art utilizing pharmaceutically acceptable, substantially non-toxic organic and inorganic acids.
- the acid is an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, bromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid; Sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, formic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, capric acid, isobutanoic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, phthalic acid, gluconic acid, benzoic acid Organic acids such as lactic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, salicylic acid and the like.
- Sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, tartaric acid, formic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, capric acid, iso
- the compounds of the present invention are reacted with a base to form an ammonium salt;
- Alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium salts;
- Salts such as alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium or magnesium salts;
- Salts of organic bases such as dicyclohexylamine, N-methyl-D-glucamine, tris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine and the like;
- amino acid salts such as arginine and lysine.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable salt is mirdenafil hydrochloride, sildenafil citrate or vardenafil hydrochloride.
- the hydrate is a compound of the present invention or a stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amount of water bound by a non-covalent intermolecular force or a compound thereof Means salt.
- the solvate means a compound of the present invention or a salt thereof that includes a stoichiometric or nonstoichiometric amount of solvent bound by non-covalent intermolecular forces.
- Preferred solvents therein are volatile, non-toxic and / or solvents suitable for administration to humans.
- the composition of the present invention comprising the PDE 5 inhibitor as an active ingredient protects neurons by inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons.
- neuronal cell includes neurons, nerve support cells, glia, Schumann cells, and the like, which form structures of the central nervous system, the brain, the brain stem, the spinal cord, the junction of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, and the like.
- protection of nerve cells refers to the action of reducing or ameliorating neuronal insults, or reducing or inhibiting apoptosis of neurons by neuronal insults, or neuronal insults. It means the action of protecting or restoring nerve cells.
- nerve insult is used herein for a variety of causes (e.g., external factors such as traumatic brain injury, genetic causes, metabolic causes, toxic causes, neurotoxic causes, physiological causes and biochemical causes, etc.) Refers to the damage of nerve cells or nerve tissues that result.
- causes e.g., external factors such as traumatic brain injury, genetic causes, metabolic causes, toxic causes, neurotoxic causes, physiological causes and biochemical causes, etc.
- the composition may be applied to the prevention or treatment of cerebral neurological diseases.
- prevention means reducing the likelihood / risk of a neurological disease in a subject, delaying the occurrence of a neurological disease in a subject, or a combination thereof.
- treatment refers to inhibiting the development of a cranial nerve disease in a subject, reducing (relieving) symptoms of a cranial nerve disease in a subject, or eliminating a cranial nerve disease in a subject, or Means a combination.
- the term “improvement” is used herein with the same meaning as the term “treatment”.
- “Individual" to be prevented or treated with the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention means a human or non-human animal, preferably human.
- the cerebral neurological disease is a disease selected from the group consisting of neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic stroke, cognitive dysfunction and motor dysfunction.
- the neurodegenerative diseases that are prevented or treated by the compositions of the present invention include dementia, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
- the dementia includes AIDS induced dementia, Lewy body dementia, frontal temporal dementia, multiple infarct dementia, semantic dementia, Alzheimer's dementia and vascular dementia.
- the cognitive impairment prevented or treated by the composition of the present invention includes memory loss, learning disorders, blindness, forgetfulness, aphasia, execution and delirium.
- the motor dysfunction prevented or treated by the composition of the present invention includes motor disturbance, paralysis, ataxia, dyskinesia, spasticity and dystonia. do.
- the movement disorder generally refers to a state in which voluntary movement of the body, for example, movement of the limbs, the torso, the neck, the face, the face, the tongue, and the like is inadequate.
- the paralysis is a state in which nerves or muscles lose their function without a change in form, and a state in which numbness or inability to move occurs. Such paralysis can be divided into motor paralysis and numb sensation paralysis, the main symptoms of inability to move according to symptoms, and include short, hemiplegic, hemiplegia, and quadriplegia.
- the ataxia refers to a state in which the mutual cooperation of muscle groups involved in the exercise is not maintained but the smooth movement is impaired even though the muscle strength is normally maintained.
- the dyskinesia refers to a phenomenon in which voluntary movements are reduced and involuntary movements (ticks or chorea) appear.
- the stiffness refers to muscle tension that increases in proportion to muscle elongation (elongation) rate due to overexcitation of kidney reflexes.
- renal reflex refers to a phenomenon in which tension is increased by reflexively contracting the elongated muscle as if the skeletal muscle is elongated continuously.
- the muscular dystonia is a general term for symptoms such as twisting of a part of the body due to continuous muscle contraction, repetitive movement, or abnormal posture.
- the composition of the present invention can inhibit apoptosis of brain neurons caused by traumatic brain injury.
- the compositions of the present invention can be used to ameliorate neurological and cognitive motor behavioral disorders caused by the death of neurons by traumatic brain injury.
- the phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor included in the composition of the present invention (i) inhibits the formation of degenerative neurons in brain tissue, or (ii) neurons Inhibit the expression of caspase-3 or PARP (Poly ADP ribose polymerase).
- the PDE 5 inhibitor may be administered to a subject in need of inhibition of apoptosis of brain neurons at a dose of 0.5-2 mg / kg (see Example 1). Such administration may be once daily.
- the PDE 5 inhibitor can be administered to the individual at a dose of 1-2 mg / kg.
- the composition of the present invention may be administered to an individual from 24-72 hours after apoptosis induction of brain neurons.
- the first administration time of the composition of the present invention is 24 to 168 hours after the induction of apoptosis of brain neurons. In one particular embodiment, the time of first administration of the composition of the invention is 24 to 72 hours after induction of apoptosis of brain neurons.
- Example 2 When administered as described above, as shown in Example 2 below it can obtain the optimal neuronal protective effect. Such administration may be once daily.
- apoptosis induction of the brain neurons may be caused by brain injury (eg, ischemic brain injury).
- composition of the present invention can be administered orally or parenterally.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the invention is administered orally to a subject or non-orally administered to a site other than the head. That is, the composition of the present invention may exhibit the effect intended in the present invention even when it is not directly administered to the brain tissue, body tissue (eg, scalp) surrounding the brain tissue and the region adjacent thereto.
- the non-oral administration is subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration, intraperitoneal infusion, transdermal administration or intramuscular administration, and in another specific embodiment, subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration or intramuscular administration.
- the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the only structure of the central nervous system (CNS) that isolates the brain from systemic blood circulation.
- BBB effectively protects the brain by preventing many substances (pigments, drugs, toxins, etc.) from circulating in the blood, but on the other hand it is a major obstacle in pharmacological treatment of brain diseases.
- histopathological evaluation of cerebral tissue after subcutaneous injection of a PDE 5 inhibitor into the subject showed a decrease in cerebral atrophy, a decrease in degenerative neurons by administration of the PDE 5 inhibitor, Inhibition of capase-3 expression and PARP expression, which are apoptosis markers, were confirmed.
- PDE 5 inhibitors that are not administered directly to the brain region show direct pharmacological effects on brain cells or tissues, ie, direct pharmacological action on the brain through the BBB.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers included in the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are those commonly used in the preparation, such as lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, starch, acacia rubber, calcium phosphate, alginate, gelatin, Calcium silicate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose, water, syrup, methyl cellulose, methylhydroxy benzoate, propylhydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate and mineral oils, and the like. It doesn't happen.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further include a lubricant, a humectant, a sweetener, a flavoring agent, an emulsifier, a suspending agent, a preservative, and the like.
- a lubricant e.g., talc, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, a kaolin, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, sorbitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mannitol, mann
- compositions of the present invention may be prepared in unit dose form by formulating with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or excipient according to methods which can be easily carried out by those skilled in the art. Or may be prepared by incorporation into a multi-dose container.
- the formulation may be in the form of a solution, suspension or emulsion in an oil or aqueous medium, or may be in the form of extracts, powders, granules, tablets, films, or capsules, and may further include a dispersing agent or a stabilizer.
- the composition of the present invention may have a film formulation.
- the film may be referred to as a strip, an orally dissolving film, an orally disintegrating film, or the like, and is dissolved in the oral cavity of the tongue, oral mucosa, and sublingual. It means a formulation to.
- film formulations have the advantage that they can be taken without water.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) a phosphodiesterase type 5 activity inhibitor; And (ii) provides a dietary supplement for inhibiting apoptosis (apoptosis) of brain neurons comprising a food supplement acceptable food supplement.
- the dietary supplement of the present invention includes the PDE 5 inhibitor described above, the common content between the two is omitted in order to avoid excessive complexity of the present specification.
- the health functional food of the present invention is not particularly limited thereto, but all types of foods such as health functional foods, nutritional supplements, nutrients, pharmafood, health food, nutraceutical, designer food, food additives, Preferably, meat, sausage, bread, chocolate, candy, snacks, confectionery, pizza, ramen, other noodles, gums, dairy products, including ice cream, various soups, beverages, teas, drinks, alcoholic beverages and vitamins Combination agents and the like.
- the health functional food of the present invention includes not only PDE 5 inhibitors as active ingredients, but also components commonly added in food production, and include, for example, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, nutrients, seasonings, and flavoring agents.
- examples of the above carbohydrates include monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose and the like; Disaccharides such as maltose, sucrose, oligosaccharides and the like; And sugars such as conventional sugars such as polysaccharides such as dextrin, cyclodextrin and the like and xylitol, sorbitol, erythritol.
- natural flavoring agents [tautin, stevia extract (for example, rebaudioside A, glycyrrhizin, etc.) and synthetic flavoring agents (saccharin, aspartame, etc.) can be used.
- the food of the present invention includes various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), dietary ingredients, flavoring agents such as synthetic and natural flavoring agents, coloring and neutralizing agents (such as cheese and chocolate), pectic acid and salts thereof. , Alginic acid and salts thereof, organic acids, protective colloid thickeners, pH adjusters, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonation agents used in carbonated drinks, and the like.
- the food of the present invention is very useful for inhibiting apoptosis of brain neurons, and for preventing and treating cerebral neurological diseases.
- Myrodenafil (mirodenafil 2HCl; SK Chemical Life Science Business, Korea) was used for the experiment.
- Myrodenafil is a white powder that dissolves well in saline.
- Mirdenafil was stored in a refrigerator at 4 ° C. to protect it from light and moisture.
- Myrodenafil was dissolved in physiological saline at 0.5, 1 and 2 mg / ml, and then administered subcutaneously at a dose of 1 ml per kg to the dorsal skin of rats once a day for 24 days from 24 hours after the procedure.
- Each control group received the same amount of saline instead of mirdenafil.
- Citrate buffer antigen recovery pretreatment was performed according to the method disclosed in 41: 1599-604 (1993). Briefly, preheat a bath containing a staining dish containing 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) to 95-100 ° C., dip the slide into the staining dish, loosen the lid on the dish and incubate for 20 minutes, After placing the dyeing dish at room temperature, the slides were cooled for 20 hours. After epitope recovery, the sections were immunostained according to the following steps:
- each section was treated at 4 ° C with primary anti-cleaved caspase-3 (Asp175) polyclonal antibody, dilution 1: 400; Anti-cleaved PARP (Asp214) rat specific antibody, dilution 1: 100. After incubation overnight, washing with 0.01 M PBS for 3 minutes;
- Histomorphometry Neurons filled with at least 10% immunoreactivity against Caspase-3 and PARP (Poly ADP ribose polymerase) were considered immunoreactive. The number of Caspase-3 and PARP immunoreactive cells present in mm2 of the ipsilateral periphery of the cerebral cortex was measured using an image analysis program.
- Rats were sacrificed 29 days after the neuronal cell killing treatment.
- the brain is removed and washed with PBS (pH 7.4), followed by continuous 6 in the range of 2 to 14 mm from the frontal brain pole using a brain stainless steel coronal matrix (Harvard, USA).
- the dog was divided into coronal sections (2 mm thick).
- the brain sections prepared using the stainless steel head matrix were fixed in 10% NBF (without TTC staining).
- H & E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining was performed for histopathological examination of cerebral cortex. Under H & E staining, histomorphometry was used to calculate the number of cerebral atrophic% and degenerative neurons (appearing as eosinophils). We did not provide histopathologists with information about group ubiquity for analysis.
- Tissue morphology measurement The percent atrophy of the ipsilateral cerebral cortex compared to the intact contralateral hemisphere of the prepared tissue staining sample was calculated according to the following equation. In addition, the number of degenerative neurons per unit area (mm 2 ) was measured.
- Brain atrophy formation (area of contralateral cerebral cortex-area of ipsilateral cerebral cortex) / contralateral cerebral cortex area X 100
- Body weight gain during 29 days after neuronal cell death (weight after 29 days of neuronal cell death-body weight every day of neuronal cell death)
- Limb Placement Examination Forelimb and hindlimb placement were assessed independently. To examine the forelimb placement, grasp the torso while freeing the forefoot of the rat, slowly move it to the edge of the table top, stop the short touch of the rat whisker (for visually induced placement), and touch the rat whisker (mouse induced placement). Light) in front of the forefoot to the edge of the table top (for tactile induced placement) and pushed the forefoot to the edge of the table with increased pressure (for high water soluble induced placement). Hind limb placement was also evaluated according to the above method. Each limb's response to visual, whisker, tactile, and hypersoluble stimuli was scored according to the following criteria (12 points in the forelimb test and 6 points in the hindlimb test for the maximum nerve defect and 0 for normal behavior). do):
- Body swing test The test animal was held about 2 cm from the tip of the tail and increased by 1 inch above the table surface. The swing was recorded each time the rat moved more than 10 ° from the vertical axis and then returned to the vertical position. A total of 30 revolutions per animal was counted. After inducing neuronal cell death in the right hemisphere, the experimental animals tended to rotate toward the opposite brain (left), so the recovery rate was measured and the percentage of rotation to the right was recorded along with the score record of the intact animal.
- a water test J Neurosci Methods. 11: 47-60 (1984) was performed. After 14 and 28 days after induction of neuronal cell death, the cells were carried out three times at 10 minute intervals in a dark colored tank (150 cm diameter X 50 cm height) filled with water at a temperature of 22.0 ⁇ 1.0 ° C. A 15 ⁇ 30 cm underwater platform (2 mm below the water surface) was placed in the northwest quadrant of the tank. The release point was always south of the tank. The experimental animals were obtained while facing the tank wall and released. The swimming route of the experimental animals in each run was recorded using a camera tracking system (Smart junior, PanLab, Spain) and the distance (m) and time (seconds) traveled to reach the escape platform were calculated. It was.
- a camera tracking system Smart junior, PanLab, Spain
- Percent change compared to neuronal cell death control [((Data of mirdenafil treatment group-Data of neuronal cell death control group) / Data of neuronal cell death control group) X 100]
- the neuronal cell death control group showed significant atrophy of the right cerebral hemisphere injured compared to the sham control group and degenerative neurons, caspase-3 and PARP immune responses in the cerebral cortex per unit area (mm2). An increase in the number of cells was confirmed. On the other hand, in the 0.5 mg / kg group of mirodenafil, significant decreases in the number of degenerative neurons, caspase-3, and PARP immune cells in the cerebral cortex were observed. There was a significant inhibition of cerebral cortical atrophy in the group of mirodenafil 1 and 2 mg / kg compared to the control group (p ⁇ 0.01), and the number of degenerative neurons, caspase-3 and PARP immune cells in the cerebral cortex was also significantly decreased. (P ⁇ 0.01; Table 2 and FIG. 1).
- the degree of atrophy of the right cerebral hemisphere, which is the injury site was -8.70, -46.42 and -53.31%, respectively, compared to the control group.
- the number of degenerative neurons per unit area in the right cerebral cortex of the damaged area was -44.47, -73.46 and -76.54%, respectively, compared to the control group.
- the number of caspase-3 immune-responsive neurons per unit area in the right cerebral cortex of the damaged area was -33.43, -76.44 and -77.96%, respectively, compared to the control group.
- PDE 5 inhibitors such as mirdenafil exhibit neuroprotective activity through inhibition of brain neuronal cell death.
- the forelimb placement test scores were -3.61, -10.34, -12.82, -11.11, and -12.90% after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of injury induction, respectively, compared to the control group. The change was shown.
- the forelimb placement test scores were -18.07, -29.89, -32.05, -41.67, and -56.45% after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of injury induction, respectively, compared to the control group. It was.
- the forelimb placement test scores were -25.30, -34.48, -39.74, -43.06, and -58.06% after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of injury-induced changes, respectively, compared to the control group. It was.
- the hind limb placement test scores were -6.98, -8.57, -9.68, -13.33, and -11.11% after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of injury induction compared to the control group, respectively. The change was shown.
- the hind limb placement test scores were -18.80, -28.57, -32.26, -43.33, and -59.26% after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of injury induction compared to the control group, respectively. Indicated.
- the hind limb placement test scores showed changes of -23.26, -34.29, -41.94, -46.67 and -59.26% after 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of injury induction, compared to the control group. Indicated.
- the number and ratio of body swings to the right side were 16.67, 9.09, 44.83, 50.00, and 44.19% after 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of inducing injury, respectively, compared to the control group. Change.
- the number and percentage of body swings to the right in the myrodenafil 1 mg / kg group showed a change of 50.00, 40.91, 100.00, 102.78 and 167.44% after 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of injury, respectively, compared to the control group. It was.
- the distance from the tank to the platform in the water labyrinth compared to the control group was -7.93,-in the second and third trials 14 days after the injury and 28 days after the injury. 9.42, -9.80, -14.02 and -17.56% were changed, and the travel time to the platform was -10.47, -18.37, -11.45, -22.23 and -29.16%, respectively.
- the distance from the tank to the platform in the water labyrinth compared to the control group was -11.07, -19.20,-in the second and third trials 14 days after the injury and 28 days after the injury. 13.80, -28.51 and -47.33% change, and the travel time to the platform was -12.52, -24.82, -16.98, -31.11 and -44.46%, respectively.
- the distance from the tank to the platform in the water labyrinth compared to the control group was -12.54, -20.37,-in the second and third trials 14 days after the injury and 28 days after the injury. 14.01, -29.65 and -44.14%, and the travel time to the platform was -12.06, -25.90, -17.06, -31.28 and -45.32%, respectively.
- Myrodenafil (mirodenafil 2HCl; SK Chemical Life Science Business, Korea) was used for the experiment.
- Myrodenafil is a white powder that dissolves well in saline.
- Mirdenafil was stored in a refrigerator at 4 ° C. to protect it from light and moisture.
- Myrodenafil was dissolved in physiological saline at a concentration of 1 mg / ml, and then administered subcutaneously at a dose of 1 ml per kg to the dorsal skin once a day for 14 days from 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- the same amount of saline instead of mirdenafil was administered subcutaneously for 24 to 20 days after the procedure.
- Citrate buffer antigen recovery pretreatment was performed according to the method disclosed in 41: 1599-604 (1993). Briefly, preheat a bath containing a staining dish containing 10 mM citrate buffer (pH 6.0) to 95-100 ° C., dip the slide into the staining dish, loosen the lid on the dish and incubate for 20 minutes, After placing the staining plate at room temperature, the slides were cooled for 20 minutes. After epitope recovery, fragments were immunostained using the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method for caspase-3 and PARP.
- ABS avidin-biotin complex
- Rats were sacrificed 29 days after the neuronal cell killing treatment.
- the brain is removed and washed with PBS (pH 7.4), followed by continuous 6 in the range of 2 to 14 mm from the frontal brain pole using a brain stainless steel coronal matrix (Harvard, USA).
- the dog was divided into coronal sections (2 mm thick).
- the prepared sixth cerebral sections were fixed directly to 10% NBF.
- paraffin was embedded, cut in cross sections, and subjected to H & E staining for histopathological examination of cerebral cortex. Under H & E staining, histomorphometry was used to calculate the number of cerebral atrophic% and degenerative neurons (appearing as eosinophils). We did not provide histopathologists with information about group ubiquity for analysis.
- Tissue morphology measurement The percent atrophy of the ipsilateral cerebral cortex compared to the intact contralateral hemisphere of the prepared tissue stain sample was calculated according to Equation 4 below. In addition, the number of degenerative neurons per unit area (mm2) was measured.
- Brain atrophy formation (area of contralateral cerebral cortex-area of ipsilateral cerebral cortex) / contralateral cerebral cortex area X 100 (%)
- Body weights were measured one day before the induction of neuronal death, on the day of induction and on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 29 post-induction. In order to reduce the difference between animals, the weight gain and continuous administration of test substance after neuronal cell death was calculated according to Equation 5 below.
- Body weight gain during 29 days after neuronal cell death (weight after 29 days of neuronal cell death-body weight every day of neuronal cell death)
- Limb Placement Examination Forelimb and hindlimb placement were assessed independently. To examine the forelimb placement, grasp the torso while freeing the forefoot of the rat, slowly move it to the edge of the table top, stop the short touch of the rat whisker (for visually induced placement), and touch the rat whisker (mouse induced placement). Light) in front of the forefoot to the edge of the table top (for tactile induced placement) and pushed the forefoot to the edge of the table with increased pressure (for high water soluble induced placement). Hind limb placement was also evaluated according to the above method. Each limb's response to visual, whisker, tactile, and hypersoluble stimuli was scored according to the following criteria (12 points in the forelimb test and 6 points in the hindlimb test for the maximum nerve defect and 0 for normal behavior). do):
- Body swing test The test animal was held about 2 cm from the tip of the tail and increased by 1 inch above the table surface. The swing was recorded each time the rat moved more than 10 ° from the vertical axis and then returned to the vertical position. A total of 30 revolutions per animal was counted. After inducing neuronal cell death in the right hemisphere, the experimental animals tended to rotate toward the opposite brain (left), so the recovery rate was measured and the percentage of rotation to the right was recorded along with the score record of the intact animal.
- a water test J Neurosci Methods. 11: 47-60 (1984) was performed. After 14 and 28 days after induction of neuronal cell death, the cells were carried out three times at 10 minute intervals in a dark colored tank (150 cm diameter X 50 cm height) filled with water at a temperature of 22.0 ⁇ 1.0 ° C. A 15 ⁇ 30 cm underwater platform (2 mm below the water surface) was placed in the northwest quadrant of the tank. The release point was always south of the tank. The experimental animals were obtained while facing the tank wall and released. The swimming route of the experimental animals in each run was recorded using a camera tracking system (Smart junior, PanLab, Spain) and the distance (m) and time (seconds) traveled to reach the escape platform were calculated. It was.
- a camera tracking system Smart junior, PanLab, Spain
- % change compared to sham control [((Data of neuronal cell death control-data of sham control) / data of sham control) X 100]
- Percent change compared to neuronal cell death control [((Data of mirdenafil treatment group-Data of neuronal cell death control group) / Data of neuronal cell death control group) X 100]
- a decrease in the number of -3 and PARP immune-responsive cells was also observed, and in the experimental group treated with mirodenafil 1 mg / kg from 168 hours after the procedure, significant (p ⁇ 0.05) inhibition of atrophy of cerebral hemispheres and degeneration in cerebral cortex were observed.
- a decrease in the number of neurons and PARP immune response cells was confirmed, and a significant reduction in caspase-3 immune response cells was also confirmed (Table 9 and FIG. 3).
- the degree of atrophy of the right cerebral hemisphere, the induced site was changed to 1581.66% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but from 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure (induced neuronal cell death through right cerebral hemisphere injury).
- the experimental group administered with mirodenafil 1 mg / kg showed -60.71, -26.37 and -12.31% change compared to the neuronal cell death control group, respectively.
- the number of degenerative neurons per unit area in the induced cerebral cortex was 1625.83% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but 1 mg / kg of mirdenafil was administered 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- the experimental group showed -70.64, -45.90 and -15.40% changes compared to the neuronal cell death control group, respectively.
- the number of caspase-3 immunoreactive neurons per unit area in the induced cerebral cortex was 1360.00% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but 1 mg / of mirdenafil after 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- the experimental group administered kg showed changes of -57.29, -40.63 and -15.57%, respectively, compared to the neuronal cell death control group.
- the number of PARP immunoreactive neurons per unit area in the induced cerebral cortex was 983.59% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but 1 mg / kg of mirdenafil after 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- the experimental group administered showed changes of -53.92, -39.72 and -15.68%, respectively, compared to the neuronal cell death control group.
- PDE 5 inhibitors such as mirdenafil exhibit neuroprotective activity through inhibition of brain neuronal cell death.
- the forelimb placement test score showed a change of 800.00% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but in the experimental group administered with mirodenafil 1 mg / kg from 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure, Compared to the cell death control group, the changes were -57.41, -29.63, and -11.11%, respectively.
- the hind limb placement test score after 28 days of treatment showed a change of 1050.00% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but in the experimental group administered myrodenafil 1 mg / kg from 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure, Compared to the apoptosis control group, the changes were -65.22, -39.13, and -17.39%, respectively.
- the number and ratio of body swings to the right surgical site after 28 days showed a change of -59.35% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but 1 mg / of mirdenafil from 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- the experimental group administered kg showed changes of 82.00, 48.00 and 14.00%, respectively, compared to the neuronal cell death control group.
- the distance and time from the tank to the evacuation platform was significantly reduced with each run, while the neuronal cell death control group moved to a significant (p ⁇ 0.01) platform compared to the sham control group.
- the increase of was recognized 28 days after the procedure, the shortening of the moving distance and time according to the number of times was also significantly suppressed.
- the reduction in the distance and time to the significant (p ⁇ 0.01 or p ⁇ 0.05) platform compared to the neuronal cell death control group was 2 days after the procedure. Although all were recognized in each run, in the experimental group administered 1 mg / kg of mirdenafil from 168 hours after the procedure, no significant change in distance and time to the platform compared to the neuronal cell death control group was observed (FIG. 8).
- the average distance traveled from the tank to the platform after 28 days of treatment showed a change of 85.74% in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but 1 mg / kg of mirdenafil after 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- the experimental group administered showed changes of -26.45, -16.05 and -6.42%, respectively, compared to the neuronal cell death control group.
- the mean migration time from the water maze tank to the platform showed a 79.67% change in the neuronal cell death control group compared to the sham control group, but 1 mg / kg of mirdenafil was administered 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure.
- One experimental group showed changes of -24.49, -17.33 and -5.36%, respectively, compared to the neuronal cell death control group.
- the results of this experiment showed that significant neuronal weight loss, neurological and cognitive motor behavioral impairment due to neuronal cell death due to brain injury, ie increased limb placement test score, decreased number and ratio of body swing to the right, and avoidance platform. Increasing the movement distance and time of the rats and suppressing the reduction of the movement distance and the time due to the repetitive implementation were confirmed. Histopathological specimen induced atrophy of the right cerebral hemisphere, degenerative neurons per unit area in the cerebral cortex, caspase-3 and PARP positive. An increase in the number of neurons has resulted.
- Limb placement test is a typical neurological motor behavior test that grades the placement of the cell and the Fuji, and the higher the grade, the more severe the neurological motor behavior.
- the body swing test is a frequently used neurological motor behavior test. In the normal animal, the body swing to the left and the right is approximately 5: 5, whereas in the animal with ischemic brain injury, the body swing to the injury site is significantly reduced. (Roof et al., 2001; Menniti et al., 2009).
- the water maze test is the most commonly used cognitive motor behavior test, and in the case of cognitive behavioral disorders, the distance and time to the avoiding platform is significantly extended, and the distance and time decrease, especially when repeated. Is significantly suppressed.
- Caspase-3 and PARP are representative apoptosis markers (Nunez et al., 1998; Barrett et al., 2001), and an increase in these caspase-3 and PARP in the cerebral cortex indicates an increase in brain damage by apoptosis.
- the increase in the number of cerebral cortical caspase-3 and PARP immune-responsive cells was significantly inhibited in the experimental group administered with mirdenafil from 24, 72 and 168 hours after the procedure. Therefore, when starting from 24-168 hours after brain injury, PDE 5 inhibitors were observed to show some neuroprotective effect at the periphery of brain injury, but the neuroprotective effect was observed to be lowered later in the administration.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (23)
- (i) 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5(phosphodiesterase type 5) 활성 저해제의 약제학적 유효량; 및(ii) 약제학적으로 허용되는 담체를 포함하는 뇌 신경세포의 아폽토시스(apoptosis) 억제용 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 활성 저해제는 미로데나필(mirodenafil), 실데나필(sildenafil), 바르데나필(vardenafil), 타달라필(tadalafil), 유데나필(udenafil), 다산타필(dasantafil), 아바나필(avanafil); 및 이들의 약제학적으로 허용되는 염, 용매화물 및 수화물로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 약제학적으로 허용되는 염은 미로데나필 염산염, 실데나필 구연산염 또는 바르데나필 염산염인 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 조성물은 뇌신경질환의 예방 또는 치료를 위한 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 뇌신경질환은 신경 퇴행성 질환, 허혈성 뇌졸중, 인지기능장애 및 운동기능장애로 구성된 군으로부터 선택된 질환인 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 신경 퇴행성 질환은 치매, 헌팅톤 질병, 파킨슨씨 질병 및 근위축성 측삭 경화증으로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 신경성 질환인 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 인지기능장애는 기억력 감퇴, 학습장애, 실인증, 건망증, 실어증, 실행증 또는 섬망인 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 운동기능장애는 운동장애(motor disturbance), 마비, 운동실조(ataxia), 이상운동증(dyskinesia), 경직(spasticity) 또는 근육긴장이상(dystonia)인 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 신경세포의 아폽토시스는 외상성 뇌손상(traumatic brain injury)으로 야기된 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 활성 저해제는 뇌 조직에서 퇴행성 뉴런(degenerative neuron)의 형성을 억제하거나, 또는 신경세포에서 caspase-3 또는 PARP(Poly ADP ribose polymerase)의 발현을 억제하는 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 활성 저해제는 인간에게 경구투여 되거나, 또는 두부(head) 이외의 부위로 비-경구투여 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- 제 11 항에 있어서, 상기 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 활성 저해제의 경구투시, 상기 조성물은 필름 제형인 것을 특징으로 하는 약제학적 조성물.
- (i) 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5(phosphodiesterase type 5) 활성 저해제; 및(ii) 식품학적으로 허용되는 식품보조 첨가제를 포함하는 뇌 신경세포의 아폽토시스(apoptosis) 억제용 건강기능식품.
- 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5(phosphodiesterase type 5) 활성 저해제를 포함하는 조성물을 유효량으로 이를 필요로 하는 개체(subject)에게 투여하는 단계를 포함하는 뇌 신경세포의 아폽토시스를 억제하는 방법.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 개체는 뇌신경질환 환자인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 15 항에 있어서, 상기 뇌신경질환은 신경 퇴행성 질환, 허혈성 뇌졸중, 인지기능장애 및 운동기능장애로 구성된 군으로부터 선택된 질환인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 16 항에 있어서, 상기 신경 퇴행성 질환은 치매, 헌팅톤 질병, 파킨슨씨 질병 및 근위축성 측삭 경화증으로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 신경성 질환인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 16 항에 있어서, 상기 인지기능장애는 기억력 감퇴, 학습장애, 실인증, 건망증, 실어증, 실행증 또는 섬망인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 16 항에 있어서, 상기 운동기능장애는 운동장애(motor disturbance), 마비, 운동실조(ataxia), 이상운동증(dyskinesia), 경직(spasticity) 또는 근육긴장이상(dystonia)인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 신경세포의 아폽토시스는 외상성 뇌손상(traumatic brain injury)으로 야기된 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 포스포디에스테라제 타입 5 활성 저해제는 뇌 조직에서 퇴행성 뉴런(degenerative neuron)의 형성을 억제하거나, 또는 신경세포에서 caspase-3 또는 PARP(Poly ADP ribose polymerase)의 발현을 억제하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 조성물은 인간에게 경구투여 되거나, 또는 두부(head) 이외의 부위로 비-경구투여 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 조성물의 경구투여 시 조성물은 필름 제형인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
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US14/649,467 US9750743B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | Composition comprising phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells |
CN201380063366.7A CN105025900B (zh) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | 包含5型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂的神经细胞的细胞凋亡抑制用组合物 |
JP2015546385A JP6120985B2 (ja) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | ホスホジエステラーゼタイプ5活性阻害剤を含む神経細胞のアポトーシス抑制用組成物 |
ES13860159T ES2903151T3 (es) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | Composición que comprende inhibidor de fosfodiesterasa tipo 5 para inhibir la apoptosis de células nerviosas |
EP21209760.4A EP3981409A1 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | Composition comprising phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells |
EP13860159.6A EP2929886B1 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2013-12-04 | Composition comprising phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells |
US15/663,092 US10064865B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2017-07-28 | Composition comprising phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for inhibiting apoptosis of nerve cells |
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EP2929886A4 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
US9750743B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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KR102146673B1 (ko) | 2020-08-21 |
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US20150297599A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
US10064865B2 (en) | 2018-09-04 |
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CN105025900A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
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