WO2014077323A1 - 光学活性イソプレゴールおよび光学活性メントールの製造方法 - Google Patents
光学活性イソプレゴールおよび光学活性メントールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014077323A1 WO2014077323A1 PCT/JP2013/080803 JP2013080803W WO2014077323A1 WO 2014077323 A1 WO2014077323 A1 WO 2014077323A1 JP 2013080803 W JP2013080803 W JP 2013080803W WO 2014077323 A1 WO2014077323 A1 WO 2014077323A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon atoms
- optically active
- isopulegol
- substituent
- Prior art date
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- ZYTMANIQRDEHIO-KXUCPTDWSA-N isopulegol Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C(C)=C)[C@H](O)C1 ZYTMANIQRDEHIO-KXUCPTDWSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 231
- 239000001871 (1R,2R,5S)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexan-1-ol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229940095045 isopulegol Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- ZYTMANIQRDEHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N neo-Isopulegol Natural products CC1CCC(C(C)=C)C(O)C1 ZYTMANIQRDEHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- -1 aluminum alkyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N citronellal Chemical compound O=CCC(C)CCC=C(C)C NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Geraniol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 229930003633 citronellal Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 235000000983 citronellal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-YFHOEESVSA-N Geraniol Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C/CO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-YFHOEESVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000005792 Geraniol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229940113087 geraniol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N Nerol Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CO GLZPCOQZEFWAFX-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 269
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N (-)-Menthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-KXUCPTDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 53
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005309 thioalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical group [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 96
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 51
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N geranial Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 description 46
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 30
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 28
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citral Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 18
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 18
- HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cymene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 15
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 14
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 14
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 13
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 13
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- IORDYLSDCDNDFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol Chemical compound OC1=C(C2CCCCC2)C=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 IORDYLSDCDNDFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 241000134874 Geraniales Species 0.000 description 11
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-YFHOEESVSA-N citral B Natural products CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C/C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-YFHOEESVSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 11
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IWSZDQRGNFLMJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dibutylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCN(CCO)CCCC IWSZDQRGNFLMJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 101001095088 Homo sapiens Melanoma antigen preferentially expressed in tumors Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 102100037020 Melanoma antigen preferentially expressed in tumors Human genes 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009876 asymmetric hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 9
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N citronellol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCC=C(C)C QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 125000001664 diethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 7
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 7
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 7
- NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-SNVBAGLBSA-N (+)-Citronellal Chemical compound O=CC[C@H](C)CCC=C(C)C NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HUZXZYWMBWQTNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dimethyloct-6-enyl 3,7-dimethyloct-6-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)CCOC(=O)CC(C)CCC=C(C)C HUZXZYWMBWQTNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ASNHGEVAWNWCRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-2,3,4-triol Chemical compound OCC1(O)COC(O)C1O ASNHGEVAWNWCRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 6
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 6
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-SNVBAGLBSA-N (R)-(+)-citronellol Natural products OCC[C@H](C)CCC=C(C)C QMVPMAAFGQKVCJ-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 5
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- 125000001981 tert-butyldimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([H])(C([H])([H])[H])[*]C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910006384 μ-Br Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B53/00—Asymmetric syntheses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
- B01J31/143—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron of aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/17—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
- C07C29/172—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds with the obtention of a fully saturated alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/56—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by isomerisation
-
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- C07C35/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic
- C07C35/08—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic containing a six-membered rings
- C07C35/17—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic containing a six-membered rings with unsaturation only outside the ring
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- C07C45/51—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
- C07C45/511—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of singly bound oxygen functional groups to >C = O groups
- C07C45/512—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of singly bound oxygen functional groups to >C = O groups the singly bound functional group being a free hydroxyl group
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- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/50—Redistribution or isomerisation reactions of C-C, C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/52—Isomerisation reactions
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0261—Complexes comprising ligands with non-tetrahedral chirality
- B01J2531/0266—Axially chiral or atropisomeric ligands, e.g. bulky biaryls such as donor-substituted binaphthalenes, e.g. "BINAP" or "BINOL"
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
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- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/06—Alkylated phenols
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- C07C39/12—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
- C07C39/17—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings containing other rings in addition to the six-membered aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexylphenol
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- C07C43/20—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/06—Aluminium compounds
Definitions
- the present invention particularly relates to a method for producing isopulegol and menthol in a short process which is economically advantageous.
- it relates to a process for producing optically active isopulegol and optically active menthol.
- (E) -3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol (hereinafter referred to as geraniol) or (Z) -3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1 -Optically active citronellal is obtained by asymmetric isomerization of all (hereinafter referred to as nerol), and the obtained optically active citronellal is closed using an aluminum catalyst to obtain optically active isopulegol.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing optically active menthol by purifying the obtained optically active isopulegol without purification or by crystallization to increase the purity.
- Menthol is one of the most important fragrance substances with a cooling sensation, most of which is still mainly sourced from natural products.
- the production of natural menthol is easily affected by the weather of the year, and the supply is unstable, so it is necessary to rely in part on synthetic products.
- l-menthol ((1R, 2S, 5R) -menthol) on an industrial scale, it is necessary to maximize the economics and efficiency of the synthesis method. Therefore, in particular, the synthesis of inexpensive and high-purity l-menthol from inexpensive achiral raw materials has been an issue.
- L-Menthol can be synthesized according to two policies.
- a menthol steric mixture obtained by hydrogenation of thymol is esterified and then optically resolved (by crystallization or enzymatic resolution) (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Document 3 a method for asymmetric synthesis of l-menthol in which asymmetric hydrogenation of piperitenone is performed is disclosed.
- a) citral (a mixture of geranial and neral) is subjected to precision distillation to obtain geranial or neral, b) asymmetric hydrogenation of geranial or neral to obtain optically active citronellal, and c) the obtained optically active citronellal
- a mixture containing optically active isopulegol taking out the optically active isopulegol from the obtained mixture, and d) hydrogenating this to obtain optically active menthol, thereby obtaining geranial, neral or geranial and neral
- Patent Document 5 A method for producing optically active menthol from a mixture of these is disclosed (Patent Document 5).
- optically active citronellal is obtained by asymmetric hydrogenation of at least one of geranial and neral, and b) the obtained optically active citronellal is closed with an acidic catalyst to obtain a mixture containing optically active isopulegol.
- a method of producing optically active menthol from at least one of geranial and neral by removing the optically active isopulegol from the obtained mixture and then c) hydrogenating it to produce optically active menthol. Patent Document 6).
- isopulegol which is usually produced by cyclization of citronellal oxo-ene reaction in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst. And a mixture of isopulegol, iso-isopulegol, neo-isopulegol and neoiso-isopulegol.
- a method for obtaining an important isopulegol with high selectivity a method of cyclizing citronellal with an aluminum catalyst is disclosed (Patent Documents 7 to 12).
- Non-Patent Documents 2 to 5 As a method for asymmetric isomerization of allyl alcohol to form an optically active aldehyde, a method using a transition metal complex is known. However, these methods have low catalytic activity, and the optical purity of the obtained optically active aldehyde is not sufficiently satisfactory (Non-Patent Documents 2 to 5).
- Non-Patent Documents 6 to 17 a method using a transition metal complex such as rhodium or ruthenium is known. However, these methods have high substrate specificity and cannot be said to be general-purpose methods. (Non-Patent Documents 6 to 17).
- Non-patent Document 18 a catalytic reaction that was highly general for producing optically active aldehydes, and that can be produced with high selectivity and high yield was found (Non-patent Document 18).
- Non-Patent Document 1 in the method for producing l-menthol using myrcene as a raw material, an expensive homogeneous rhodium complex is used as a catalyst for isomerizing diethylgeranylamine into a corresponding optically active enamine in a long process. .
- the object of the present invention is to reduce the discharge of waste that pollutes the environment to the utmost by performing all the steps in a catalytic reaction step in a short manufacturing process, and also high energy efficiency and saving manufacturing costs. It is to provide a method for producing optically active isopulegol and optically active menthol.
- the present inventors have a) asymmetric isomerization of geraniol and / or nerol using an asymmetric metal catalyst, and corresponding optical activity with very high optical purity.
- citronellal can be obtained
- b) ring closure of the obtained optically active citronellal by using a specific aluminum catalyst to obtain an optically active isopulegol of very high purity n-selectivity, or optically active isopulegol
- high-purity optically active isopulegol is obtained by deep crystallization
- c) a method for hydrogenating these to obtain optically active menthol that is, a method for producing optically active menthol from geraniol and / or nerol in a short process.
- the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention includes the following inventions.
- the aluminum catalyst is a hydroxy compound represented by the following general formula (5) or a hydroxy compound represented by the following general formula (6), an alkylaluminum compound represented by the following general formula (7), At least one aluminum selected from a hydridoaluminum compound represented by the formula (8), a chain aluminoxane represented by the following general formula (9), and a cyclic aluminoxane represented by the following general formula (10)
- R 1 and R 5 are each independently an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or 4 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- 15 a heteroaryl group or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent;
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, 1 to An alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an aralkyl having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 6 , R 9 , R 10 and R 13 each independently have an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms and a substituent which may have a substituent.
- R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently A hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms ,
- A represents (i) a single bond, (ii) a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms which may have one or more of a substituent and an unsaturated bond, and (iii) substituted.
- R 14 to R 16 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- AlH k Lg 3-k (7)
- Al is aluminum, and Lg may have a branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- a good aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and k is an integer of 0 to 3.
- MAlH 4 (8) In formula (8), Al is aluminum and M is lithium, sodium or potassium.
- Al is aluminum
- R 17 may have a branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- a good aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and a plurality of R 17 may be the same or different, and l is an integer of 0 to 40.
- Al is aluminum, and R 18 may have a branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- a good aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms; j is an integer of 0 to 40.
- R 1a is an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a heteroaryl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- R 5a is an optionally substituted cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 15 carbon atoms, and R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 6a and R 10a are each independently an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an optionally substituted carbon.
- a heteroaryl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms, R 9a and R 13a are optionally substituted cyclic alkyl groups having 5 to 15 carbon atoms, and R 7 , R 8 , R 11, and R 12.
- A represents (i) a single bond, (ii) a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms which may have one or more of a substituent and an unsaturated bond, and (iii) substituted.
- R 14 to R 16 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- At least one compound selected from the group comprising aldehydes other than citronellal, acid anhydrides, ketones, acid halides, epoxy compounds and vinyl ethers [5] The method for producing an optically active isopulegol according to any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the ruthenium catalyst is a ruthenium compound represented by the following general formula (11).
- L is an optically active phosphine ligand
- W is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an acyloxy group, an aryl group, a diene or an anion
- U is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an acyloxy group, an aryl.
- a method for producing optically active menthol comprising a step of obtaining optically active isopulegol by the method according to any one of [1] to [6] above, and a step of hydrogenating the obtained optically active isopulegol.
- the manufacturing method of the optically active menthol including the following processes.
- A-1) Optically active citronellal is obtained by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol or nerol.
- B-1) Optically active isopulegol is obtained by ring-closing reaction of optically active citronellal with an acidic catalyst.
- the manufacturing method of the optically active menthol including the following processes.
- A-2) Optically active citronellal is obtained by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol or nerol.
- B-2) Optically active isopulegol is obtained by a ring-closing reaction of optically active citronellal with an acidic catalyst.
- D-2) Optically active isopulegol is recrystallized by deep cooling to obtain isopulegol of higher purity.
- the optically active isopulegol obtained in step D-2 is hydrogenated to obtain optically active menthol.
- the manufacturing method of the optically active menthol including the following processes.
- A-3) d-citronellal is obtained by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol or nerol.
- B-3) l-Isopulegol is obtained by ring-closing reaction of d-citronellal with an acidic catalyst.
- the manufacturing method of the optically active menthol including the following processes.
- A-4) A d-citronellal is obtained by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol or nerol.
- B-4) l-Isopulegol is obtained by ring-closing reaction of d-citronellal with an acidic catalyst.
- E-4) The l-isopulegol obtained in Step D-4 is hydrogenated to obtain l-menthol.
- optically active citronellal is obtained by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol and / or nerol as the first step, but optical activity with high optical purity is obtained by using a specific ruthenium catalyst.
- Citronellal can be manufactured.
- the asymmetric isomerization reaction in the production method of the present invention is obtained by asymmetric hydrogenation of geraniol and / or nerol to obtain citronellol, and then oxidize the citronellal. Since there is no need to obtain, the process can be shortened.
- the optically active isopulegol can be produced with high selectivity from the four isomers by ring-closing the optically active citronellal obtained in the first step with an aluminum catalyst.
- optically active isopulegol can be produced with higher chemical purity and optical purity by deeply crystallization of the optically active isopulegol obtained in the second step at low temperature.
- optically active menthol can be produced by hydrogenating the optically active isopulegol obtained in the second step or the optically active isopulegol obtained in the third step using a hydrogenation catalyst. it can.
- optically active menthol can be produced from the raw material in the shortest process as a method for producing chemically active optically active menthol.
- Citronellal obtained by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol or nerol has a very high chemical purity and optical purity, and the citronellal is subjected to ring closure with a highly selective ring-closing catalyst so that high purity can be obtained without performing crystallization operation.
- l-Isopulegol is obtained.
- all of the manufacturing processes other than the cryogenic crystallization are processes using a catalyst, and there are few wastes that pollute the environment, and manufacturing costs can be saved.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a 1 H-NMR spectrum of a solid obtained by reacting 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol with triethylaluminum in Example 5.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the low magnetic field side of the 1 H-NMR spectrum shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a 1 H-NMR spectrum of 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol (CPP).
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the low magnetic field of the 1 H-NMR spectrum shown in FIG.
- % by weight and parts by weight are synonymous with “% by mass” and “parts by mass”, respectively.
- the method for producing optically active menthol according to the present invention is carried out by the method shown in Scheme 1.
- * in the chemical structure represents an asymmetric carbon.
- Step A shown in Scheme 1 consists of producing optically active citronellal by asymmetric isomerization of at least one of geraniol and nerol using an asymmetric isomerization catalyst.
- Step A of Scheme 1 The asymmetric isomerization catalyst will be described.
- a ruthenium catalyst that is an asymmetric isomerization catalyst a complex composed of ruthenium and a ligand is preferably used, and the ligand is preferably an asymmetric ligand. It may be an optically active substance.
- the asymmetric ligand used in the production of the ruthenium complex which is an asymmetric isomerization catalyst is an optically active compound having an optically active site and can be used as an asymmetric ligand.
- the chiral ligand for example, Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis (Wiley-VCH, 2000), Handbook of Enantioselective Catalysis with Transition Metal Complex (VCH, 1993), ASYMMETRIC CATALYSIS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS (John Wiley & Sons Inc. (1994 )), Asymmetric ligands described in International Publication No. 2005/070875 and the like.
- examples of the asymmetric ligand used in the present invention include a monodentate ligand, a bidentate ligand, a tridentate ligand, and a tetradentate ligand.
- examples thereof include optically active phosphine compounds, optically active amine compounds, optically active alcohol compounds, optically active sulfur compounds, and optically active carbene compounds.
- an optically active phosphine compound is used.
- optically active phosphine compound examples include an optically active bidentate phosphine ligand represented by the following general formula (12).
- each of R 19 to R 22 independently represents an aromatic group which may have a substituent or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or R 19 and R 20 , R 21 and R 22 may each form a heterocyclic ring together with a phosphorus atom adjacent to each other;
- R 23 and R 24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or 1 to 5 represents an alkoxy group, a di (C 1-5 alkyl) amino group, a 5- to 8-membered cyclic amino group or a halogen atom;
- R 25 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms A group, a di (C 1-5 alkyl) amino group, a 5- to 8-membered cyclic amino group or a halogen atom; and
- R 23 and R 24 , R 24 and R 25 are bonded to each other to form condensed benzen
- R 19 to R 22 each independently represents an optionally substituted aromatic group or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or R 19 and R 20 , R 21 and R 22 may form a heterocyclic ring together with the phosphorus atoms adjacent to each other.
- the aromatic group which may have a substituent, includes a hydrocarbon aromatic group such as phenyl group, naphthyl group, phenanthryl group; pyrrolyl group, pyridyl group, pyrazyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group And heteroaromatic groups such as an imidazolyl group.
- substituents include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group.
- neopentyl group hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group and other alkyl groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group A lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group and tert-butoxy group; aryl groups such as phenyl group, ⁇ -naphthyl group, ⁇ -naphthyl group and fananthryl group Benzyl group, ⁇ -phenylethyl group, ⁇ -phenylethyl group, ⁇ -phenylpropyl group, ⁇ -phenylpropyl group, ⁇ - Aralkyl groups having 7 to 13 carbon atoms such as an phenylpropyl group
- a tri-substituted organosilyl group such as an aralkylsilyl group having 7 to 19 carbon atoms; a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine; a nitro group.
- cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent include a cyclopentyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclononyl group, and cyclodecyl group. And octahydronaphthyl group.
- substituents include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, C1-C12 alkyl groups such as isopentyl group, neopentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group; methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group Group, lower alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group and tert-butoxy group; aryl such as phenyl group, ⁇ -naphthyl group, ⁇ -naphthyl group and fan
- Tri-C1-C6 alkylsilyl group dimethylcumylsilyl group, etc.
- Silyl group tribenzylsilyl group, tri-p-xylylsilyl group And tri-substituted organosilyl groups such as aralkylsilyl groups having 7 to 19 carbon atoms; halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine; nitro groups and the like.
- heterocyclic ring in the case where R 19 and R 20 , R 21 and R 22 each form a heterocyclic ring with adjacent phosphorus atoms include phosphole, tetrahydrophosphole, phosphorinan and the like.
- the heterocyclic ring may have 1 to 4 functional groups inert to the reaction of the present invention as substituents.
- substituents include an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a halogen atom.
- R 23 and R 24 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a di (1 to 5 alkyl) amino group, 5 It is a ⁇ 8-membered cyclic amino group or a halogen atom.
- alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R 23 and R 24 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl. Group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group and the like.
- alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R 23 and R 24 include, for example, methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec- A butoxy group, a tert-butoxy group, a pentoxy group and the like can be mentioned.
- di (C 1-5 alkyl) amino group represented by R 23 and R 24 include a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a di-n-propylamino group, a diisopropylamine group, and di-n-butyl.
- examples include an amino group, diisobutylamino group, disec-butylamino group, ditert-butylamino group, dipentylamino group and the like.
- Specific examples of the 5- to 8-membered cyclic amino group represented by R 23 and R 24 include a pyrrolidino group and a piperidino group.
- halogen atom represented by R 23 and R 24 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- R 23 and R 24 are a hydrogen atom; 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, tert-butyl group, trifluoromethyl group and the like.
- Alkoxy groups alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group; dimethylamino group, dialkylamino group of diethylamino group; pyrrolidino group, piperidino group, etc. And a 5- to 8-membered cyclic amino group.
- Particularly preferred R 23 and R 24 include a hydrogen atom and a methoxy group.
- R 25 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a di (1 to 5 alkyl) amino group, a 5 to 8 membered cyclic amino group, or a halogen atom. Is an atom.
- alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R 25 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert. -A butyl group, a pentyl group, etc. are mentioned.
- alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms represented by R 25 include, for example, methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group, Examples thereof include a tert-butoxy group and a pentoxy group.
- di (C 1-5 alkyl) amino group represented by R 25 examples include a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a di-n-propylamino group, a diisopropylamino group, a di-n-butylamino group, Examples thereof include a diisobutylamino group, a disec-butylamino group, a ditert-butylamino group, and a dipentylamino group.
- Specific examples of the 5- to 8-membered cyclic amino group represented by R 25 include a pyrrolidino group and a piperidino group.
- halogen atom represented by R 25 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- preferred R 25 is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group; a methoxy group Alkoxy groups such as ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group and tert-butoxy group; dialkylamino groups such as dimethylamino group and diethylamino group; 5- to 8-members such as pyrrolidino group and piperidino group And the like, and the like.
- Particularly preferred R 25 includes a methyl group and a methoxy group.
- R 23 and R 24 , R 24 and R 25 are bonded to each other to form a condensed benzene ring, a condensed substituted benzene ring, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a methylenedioxy group, ethylene.
- a dioxy group or a trimethylenedioxy group may be formed.
- R 24 and R 25 are bonded to form a condensed benzene ring, a condensed substituted benzene ring, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a methylenedioxy group, an ethylenedioxy group, or a trimethylenedioxy group. Those formed are preferred.
- R 24 and R 25 are preferably bonded to form a condensed benzene ring, a condensed substituted benzene ring, a tetramethylene group, a methylenedioxy group, a methylenedioxy group, or an ethylenedioxy group.
- the condensed benzene ring, condensed substituted benzene ring, trimethylene group, tetramethylene group, pentamethylene group, methylenedioxy group, ethylenedioxy group or trimethylenedioxy group have functional groups that are inert to the asymmetric synthesis reaction.
- the group may have 0 to 4 groups as a substituent.
- examples of the substituent include alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
- optically active bidentate phosphine ligands preferably used are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-63690 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-265293.
- Tertiary phosphine specific examples being 2,2′-bis (diphenylphosphino) -1,1′-binaphthyl (BINAP), 2,2′-bis (di (p-tolylphosphino) -1,1 '-Binaphthyl [p-Tol-BINAP], 2,2'-bis (di (3,5-xylyl) phosphino) -1,1'-binaphthyl (DM-BINAP) 2,2'-bisdi (3,5 -Di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphino) -1,1'-binaphthyl (T-Bu-2-BINAP), 2,2'-bisbis (diphen
- the optically active bidentate phosphine ligand preferably used is, for example, a tertiary phosphine described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-139140. The following can be mentioned.
- the optically active bidentate phosphine ligand preferably used is, for example, a tertiary phosphine described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-269185.
- optically active bidentate phosphine ligands can be exemplified as those corresponding to the general formula (12). That is, 2,2′-dimethyl-6,6′-bis (diphenylphosphino) -1,1′-biphenyl (BIPHEMP), 2,2′-dimethyl-6,6′-bis (di-p-tolylphosphino) -1,1′-biphenyl (p-Tol-BIPHEMP), 2,2′-dimethyl-6,6′-bis (di3,5-xylylphosphino) -1,1′-biphenyl (DM-BIPHEMP) ), 2,2′-dimethyl-6,6′-bis (di-4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenylphosphino) -1,1′-biphenyl (DMM-BIPHEMP), 2,2′
- an asymmetric isomerization reaction is performed with a ruthenium complex containing the above-described ligand and ruthenium.
- the optically active ruthenium complex in this asymmetric isomerization reaction is represented, for example, by the following general formula (11). The preferred compounds are mentioned.
- L is an optically active phosphine ligand
- W is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, acyloxy group, aryl group, diene or anion
- U is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, acyloxy group, aryl.
- Z is an anion, an amine or an optically active nitrogen-containing compound
- m, n and r are each independently an integer of 1 to 5
- p, q and s are each independently an integer of 0 to 5
- p + q + s is 1 or more.
- examples of the ligand represented by L include the optically active bidentate phosphine ligand represented by the general formula (12) described above.
- W is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an acyloxy group, an aryl group, a diene, or an anion.
- a halogen atom represented by W of General formula (11) a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom are mentioned, for example.
- the acyloxy group represented by W in the general formula (11) include a formyloxy group, an acetoxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyloxy group, and a benzoyloxy group.
- Examples of the aryl group represented by W in the general formula (11) include an aromatic monocyclic group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthranyl group, a phenanthryl group, an indenyl group, a mesityl group, and a dibenzyl group, and a polycyclic group. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the diene represented by W in the general formula (11) include butadiene, cyclooctadiene (cod), norbornadiene (nod), and the like.
- Examples of the anion represented by W in the general formula (11) include nitrate ion, nitrite ion, sulfate ion, sulfite ion, sulfonate ion (methanesulfonate ion, benzenesulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion).
- U is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an acyloxy group, an aryl group, a diene, an anion, or a ligand other than L.
- the halogen atom represented by U in the general formula (11) include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- the acyloxy group represented by U in the general formula (11) include a formyloxy group, an acetoxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyloxy group, and a benzoyloxy group.
- Examples of the aryl group represented by U in the general formula (11) include an aromatic monocyclic group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthranyl group, a phenanthryl group, an indenyl group, a mesityl group, and a dibenzyl group, and a polycyclic group. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the diene represented by U in the general formula (11) include butadiene, cyclooctadiene (cod), norbornadiene (nod), and the like.
- Examples of the anion represented by U in the general formula (11) include nitrate ion, nitrite ion, sulfate ion, sulfite ion, sulfonate ion (methanesulfonate ion, benzenesulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion).
- Examples of ligands other than L represented by U in the general formula (11) include N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetone, chloroform, nitriles (acetonitrile, benzonitrile, etc.), cyanides (methyl).
- DMF N-dimethylformamide
- acetone acetone
- chloroform acetone
- nitriles acetonitrile, benzonitrile, etc.
- cyanides methyl
- Z is an anion, an amine, or an optically active nitrogen-containing compound.
- anion represented by Z in the general formula (11) include nitrate ion, nitrite ion, sulfate ion, sulfite ion, sulfonate ion (methanesulfonate ion, benzenesulfonate ion, p-toluenesulfonate ion).
- Examples of the amine represented by Z in the general formula (11) include aliphatic amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, s-butylamine, tert-butylamine, cyclohexylamine; aniline , Aromatic amines such as dimethylaniline; nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocycles such as pyridine (py) and dimethylaminopyridine, nitrogen-containing aliphatic heterocycles such as pyrrolidine and piperazine; ethylenediamine (en), propylenediamine, Examples include diamines such as triethylenediamine, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), bipyridine (bpy), phenanthroline (phen), sulfur compounds (dimethyl sulfide, diethyl sulfide, dipropyl sulfide, dibutyl sulfide, etc.), etc. It can be
- optically active nitrogen-containing compound represented by Z in the general formula (11) examples include an optically active diamine compound represented by the following general formula (13).
- R 26 , R 27 , R 32 , and R 33 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, an araaryl group, a urethane group, or a sulfonyl group.
- R 28 , R 29 , R 30 and R 31 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic group, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or a cyclic alkyl group, The carbon atom to which 28 , R 29 , R 30 and R 31 are attached is an asymmetric center.
- optically active diamine compound represented by the general formula (13) examples include optically active 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, 1,2-cycloheptanediamine, 2,3-dimethylbutanediamine, -Methyl-2,2-diphenylethylenediamine, 1-isobutyl-2,2-diphenylethylenediamine, 1-isopropyl-2,2-diphenylethylenediamine, 1-methyl-2,2-di (p-methoxyphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1 -Isobutyl-2,2-di (p-methoxyphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1-isopropyl-2,2-di (p-methoxyphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1-benzyl-2,2-di (p-methoxyphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1-methyl-2,2-dinaphthyl ethyl Diamine, 1-isobutyl-2,2-dinaphthy
- optically active diamine compound used in the present invention examples include, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-225466, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-189600, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-58999, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- ruthenium complex represented by the general formula (11) include the following. That is, the compound represented by the following is mentioned.
- W is a chlorine atom, bromine atom or iodine atom
- Z is a trialkylamine
- W is chlorine An atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom
- Z is a pyridyl group or a ring-substituted pyridyl group
- W is an acyloxy group
- W is a chlorine atom, bromine atom or iodine atom
- Z is dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide
- cod is 1,5-cyclooctadiene
- nbd is norbornadiene
- Ph is a phenyl group
- Ac is an acetyl group
- acac is acetylacetonate
- dmf is Dimethylformamide
- en is ethylenediamine
- DPEN is 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine
- DAIPEN is 1,1-di (p-methoxyphenyl) -2-isopropylethylenediamine
- MAE is methylaminoethylamine
- EAE is ethylaminoethylamine
- MAPE Is 2-methylamino-1-phenylethylamine
- EAPE is 2-ethylamino-1-phenylethylamine
- Ruthenium complex As a method for producing a ruthenium complex, for example, according to the literature (J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 922, 1985), [(1,5-cyclooctadiene) Dichlororuthenium] ([Ru (cod) Cl 2 ] n ) and an optically active bidentate phosphine ligand can be prepared by heating to reflux in an organic solvent in the presence of a trialkylamine.
- ruthenium complex examples include the following. Ru (OAc) 2 (L), Ru (OCOCF 3 ) 2 (L), Ru 2 Cl 4 (L) 2 NEt 3 , [RuCl 2 (L) (dmf) n ], RuHCl (L), RuHBr (L ), RuHI (L), [ ⁇ RuCl (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Cl) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Br) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ] , [ ⁇ RuI (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -I) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuCl (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Cl) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L ) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Br) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L ) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Br) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuB
- a more preferred catalyst in the asymmetric isomerization reaction of the present invention is a complex containing ruthenium and an optically active bidentate phosphine ligand.
- Ru 2 Cl 4 (L) 2 NEt 3 [RuCl 2 (L) (dmf) n ], [ ⁇ RuCl (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Cl) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L ) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Br) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuI (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -I) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuCl (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ Cl) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Br) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -Br) 3 ] [Me 2 NH 2 ], [ ⁇ RuBr (L) ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ -
- the base used by this invention uses the salt represented, for example by General formula (14).
- M'X (14) (In formula (14), M ′ represents a metal of Li, Na or K, and X represents a halogen atom of Cl, Br or I.)
- metal salts such as LiCl, LiBr, LiI, NaCl, NaBr, NaI, KCl, KBr, and KI are preferable.
- ammonium salts such as (Bn) Et 3 NCl, (Bn) Et 3 NBr, (Bn) Et 3 NI can be selected, and BuPh 3 PCl, BuPh 3 PBr, BuPh 3 PI, (C 6 H 13 ) Ph.
- Phosphonium salts such as 3 PBr and BrPPh 3 (CH 2 ) 4 PPh 3 Br can be selected to obtain high selectivity (Bn: benzyl group, Et: ethyl group, Ph: phenyl group, Bu: butyl group. ).
- optically active bidentate phosphine ligand used in the present invention exists in (S) -form and (R) -form, if one is selected according to the absolute configuration of the target optically active citronellal Good. That is, when geraniol is used as a substrate, for example, when Tol-BINAP is used as a ligand, (S) -form Tol-BINAP is used to obtain (R) -form Citronellal, (S The (R) -form Tol-BINAP may be used to obtain the citronellal form.
- (S) -form citronellal is obtained using (S) -form citronellal
- (R) -form citronellal is obtained using (R) -form citronellal.
- Tol-BINAP may be used.
- an optically active nitrogen compound is used in combination with the optically active bidentate phosphine ligand. Since the optically active nitrogen compound exists in (S) -form and (R) -form, any one may be selected according to the absolute configuration of the target optically active citronellal.
- the amount of the transition metal-optically active phosphine complex used is preferably about 100 to 1 / 50,000 moles with respect to geraniol (1a) or nerol (1b).
- the amount of the base to be added is 0.5 to 100 equivalents, preferably 2 to 40 equivalents, relative to the transition metal-optically active phosphine complex.
- Any suitable reaction solvent can be used as long as it can solubilize the asymmetric isomerization raw material (1) and the catalyst system.
- aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane and hexane; halogen-containing hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride; diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3- Ether solvents such as dioxolane; alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, butanol and benzyl alcohol; organic solvents containing heteroatoms such as acetonitrile, DMF and DMSO can be used.
- An alcohol solvent is preferably used.
- the amount of solvent is determined by the solubility and economics of the reaction substrate. For example, depending on the substrate, it can be carried out from a low concentration of 1% or less to a solvent-free state, but it is preferably used in a volume of 0.1 to 5.0.
- the reaction temperature can be 0 to 150 ° C., but a range of 100 to 70 ° C. is more preferable.
- the reaction is completed within a few minutes to 30 hours. After completion of the reaction, the desired optically active citronellal can be isolated by carrying out ordinary post-treatment.
- reaction mode in the present invention can be carried out either batchwise or continuously.
- Step B shown in Scheme 1 of the present invention is achieved by producing an optically active isopulegol by ring-closing the optically active citronellal obtained in Step A.
- Step B in Scheme 1 As the citronellal ring closure catalyst, an aluminum catalyst is preferably used. This aluminum catalyst is obtained by reacting an aluminum compound with a phenol ligand.
- the aluminum compound used for producing the aluminum catalyst includes an alkylaluminum compound represented by the general formula (7), a hydridoaluminum compound represented by the general formula (8), and a chain represented by the general formula (9). It is preferable to be selected from at least one aluminum compound selected from the cyclic aluminoxanes and cyclic aluminoxanes represented by the general formula (10).
- Al is aluminum, and Lg may have a branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- MAlH 4 (8) (In formula (8), Al is aluminum and M is lithium, sodium or potassium.)
- Al is aluminum
- R 17 may have a branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- a good aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, and a plurality of R 17 may be the same or different, and l is an integer of 0 to 40.
- Al is aluminum, and R 18 may have a branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituent.
- Examples of the branched or straight chain alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, and tert-butyl. Group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group and the like.
- Examples of the cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent include a benzyl group, a 1-phenylethyl group, a 2-phenylethyl group, an ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group, and a ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group. Can be mentioned.
- Examples of the substituent include 1 carbon atom such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group.
- L and j are each an integer of 0 to 40, preferably an integer of 2 to 30.
- the aluminum compounds represented by the general formulas (9) and (10) are compounds also called aluminoxanes.
- aluminoxanes methylaluminoxane, ethylaluminoxane, isobutylaluminoxane and methylisobutylaluminoxane are preferable, and methylaluminoxane is particularly preferable.
- the above aluminoxanes can be used in combination within a group and between groups. And said aluminoxane can be prepared on well-known various conditions.
- the phenol ligand used for producing the aluminum catalyst is a hydroxy compound (phenol ligand) represented by the general formula (5) and / or a hydroxy compound represented by the general formula (6) (bis ( Preference is given to at least one phenol ligand selected from diarylphenol) ligands).
- R 1 and R 5 are each independently an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or 4 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- 15 a heteroaryl group or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent;
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, 1 to An alkyl group having 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and an aralkyl having 7 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 6 , R 9 , R 10 and R 13 each independently have an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms and a substituent which may have a substituent.
- R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently A hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms ,
- R 14 to R 16 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Group or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms represented by R 6 to R 13 include a phenyl group, an ⁇ -naphthyl group, a ⁇ -naphthyl group, and the like.
- the aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms may have a substituent described later.
- Examples of the heteroaryl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms represented by R 6 , R 9 , R 10 and R 13 include a furyl group, a thienyl group, a pyronyl group, a benzofuryl group, an azobenzofuryl group, a benzothienyl group, and an indolyl group. , Isoindolyl group, carbazoyl group, pyridyl group, quinolyl group, isoquinolyl group, pyrazyl group, ferrocenyl group and the like.
- the heteroaryl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms may have a substituent described later.
- Examples of the cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms represented by R 6 , R 9 , R 10 and R 13 include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a cyclodecyl group, a cyclododecyl group, Examples thereof include a norbornyl group and a tricyclo [6.2.1.0 2,7 ] -4-undecyl group.
- the cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms may have a substituent described later.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, Examples include sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, and octyl group.
- Examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxyl group, an isopropoxy group, an n-butoxy group, an isobutoxy group, Examples include sec-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group, pentoxy group, hexoxy group, heptoxy group, octoxy group and the like.
- Examples of the perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, a heptafluoropropyl group, and a nonafluorobutyl group. Is done.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include benzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, ⁇ -naphthylmethyl group and ⁇ -A naphthylmethyl group and the like are exemplified.
- the aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms may have a substituent described later.
- Examples of the halogen atom represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
- Examples of the organosilyl group represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a tri-substituted silyl group.
- the tri-substituted substituent includes three substituents selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and an aralkylsilyl group having 7 to 19 carbon atoms, and these are the same as each other. Or different.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a 2,3-dimethyl-2-butyl group, a hexyl group, and a tert-butyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 19 carbon atoms include a benzyl group and a p-xylyl group.
- organosilyl group represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 examples include trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, triisopropylsilyl group, dimethylisopropylsilyl group, diethylisopropylsilyl group, dimethyl (2,3 -Dimethyl-2-butyl) silyl group, tert-butyldimethylsilyl group, dimethylhexylsilyl group and other tri-C1-C6 alkylsilyl groups, dimethylcumylsilyl group and other di-C1-C6 groups Alkyl-C6-C18 arylsilyl group, tert-butyldiphenylsilyl group, di-C6-C18 aryl-C1-C6 alkylsilyl group, triphenylsilyl group, etc.
- Tri-aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, tribenzyl group Birds such as Le group and tri -p- Kishirirushiriru groups - such as trisubstituted silyl groups such as aralkyl silyl group having a carbon number of 7 to 19 is illustrated.
- Examples of the dialkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a dimethylamino group, a diethylamino group, a dipropylamino group, a diisopropylamino group and a dibutylamino group. Illustrated.
- Examples of the thioalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include, for example, methylthio group, ethylthio group, n-propylthio group, isopropylthio group, n-butylthio group, isobutyl Examples include a thio group, a sec-butylthio group, and a tert-butylthio group.
- Examples of the polymer chain represented by R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12 include a 6,6-nylon chain, a vinyl polymer chain and a styrene polymer chain.
- examples of the substituent in R 6 to R 13 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, and a pentyl group, Or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as hexyl group; a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms such as cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group and cyclooctyl group; trifluoromethyl group, pentafluoroethyl group, hepta C1-C4 perfluoroalkyl group such as fluoropropyl group and nonafluorobutyl group; methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxyl group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy
- R 7 or R 8 and / or R 11 or R 12 may be combined with the structural element A to form a cyclic aromatic or non-aromatic ring.
- the bis (diarylphenol) ligand represented by the general formula (6) used according to the present invention has a tricyclic basic structure such as an anthracene basic structure having the formula (X) or a basic structure of the type (Y). Have.
- R 6 , R 7 , R 9 , R 10 , R 12 and R 13 are as defined above.
- a in the general formula (6) is a linear, branched or cyclic group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms which may have one or more of (i) a single bond, (ii) a substituent and an unsaturated bond.
- R 14 to R 16 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- Examples of (ii) a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms represented by A include, for example, a methylene group, an ethylene group, an isopropyl group, an n-butylene group, an isobutylene group, and a sec-butylene group. , Tert-butylene group, dodecylene group, undecylene group, cyclopentylene group, cyclohexylene group, cycloheptylene group, cyclooctylene group, cyclodecylene group, cyclododecylene group, norbornylene group, tricyclo [6.2.1.0 2,7 -4-undecylene group.
- the linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms may have one or more of a substituent and an unsaturated bond.
- substituents include the same substituents as those exemplified as the substituent in R 6 to R 13 .
- Examples of (iii) an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms represented by A include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and an anthracenylene group.
- the arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms may have one or more of a substituent and an unsaturated bond.
- Examples of the substituent include the same substituents as those exemplified as the substituent in R 6 to R 13 .
- Examples of (iv) a heteroarylene group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms represented by A include, for example, a furylene group, a thienylene group, a pyronylene group, a benzofurylene group, an azobenzofurylene group, a benzothienylene group, an indolenylene group, Examples include a rylene group, a carbazoylene group, a pyridylene group, a quinolylene group, an isoquinolylene group, a pyrazylene group, and a ferrocenylene group.
- the heteroarylene group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms may have one or more of a substituent and an unsaturated bond. Examples of the substituent include the same substituents as those exemplified as the substituent in R 6 to R 13 .
- V —O—, —S—, —N (R 14 ) —, —S (O) —, —C (O) —, —S (O) 2 —, —P (R represented by A 14 ) —, — (R 14 ) P (O) — and —Si (R 15 R 16 ) — may be functional groups or heteroelements.
- R 14 to R 16 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and It is one or more groups among the aryl groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- substituents include the same substituents as those exemplified as the substituent in R 6 to R 13 .
- A —O—, —S—, —S (O) —, —S (O) 2 — or —Si (R 15 R 16 ) — is preferable.
- R 14 to R 16 may have an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include the same groups as those exemplified in the phenol ligands represented by the general formulas (5) and (6).
- A Specific examples represented by A include the following structures. Each wavy line indicates a binding site for the remainder of each ligand structure as within the scope of this disclosure.
- the structures 1 to 44 represented above may have a substituent, and the substituent is a carbon in the phenol ligand represented by the general formulas (5) and (6). Examples thereof include the same substituents as those exemplified for the aryl group of formulas 6 to 15.
- the phenol ligand of the general formula (5) is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-212121 (Patent Document 8) [incorporated herein by reference. ].
- the bis (diarylphenol) s of the general formula (6) are described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-538101 (Patent Document 9) [incorporated herein by reference. ].
- a preferred phenol ligand in the present invention is selected from a phenol ligand represented by the following general formula (5-a) and a bis (diarylphenol) ligand represented by the following general formula (6-a). It is a kind of phenol ligand.
- R 1a is an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a heteroaryl group having 4 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent;
- R 5a is an optionally substituted cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 15 carbon atoms;
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; Group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, a halogen An atom, an organosilyl group, a dialkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a thioalkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a nitro group, and a polymer chain.
- R 6a and R 10a are each independently an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an optionally substituted carbon.
- R 9a and R 13a are optionally substituted cyclic alkyl groups having 5 to 15 carbon atoms; R 7 , R 8 , R 11 and R 12.
- A represents (i) a single bond, (ii) a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms which may have one or more of a substituent and an unsaturated bond, and (iii) substituted.
- R 14 to R 16 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. Or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent. )
- preferred phenol ligands represented by the general formula (5) include, for example, 2,6-diphenylphenol, 2,6-di (4-fluorophenyl) phenol, 2,6-di (3 , 4-Difluorophenyl) phenol, 2,6-di (3,4,5-trifluorophenyl) phenol, 2,6-diphenyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-diphenyl-3,5-dimethylphenol 2,6-di (2-methylphenyl) -3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di (2-isopropylphenyl) -3,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di ( ⁇ -naphthyl)- 3,5-dimethylphenol, 3-phenyl-1,1′-binaphthyl-2-ol, 3- (4-fluorophenyl) -1,1′-binaphthyl-2-ol and 1,3-dipheny 2-naphthol, 3,3
- phenol ligand (2-cycloalkyl-6-arylphenol) represented by the general formula (5-a) include the following structures.
- preferred examples of the bis (diarylphenol) ligand represented by the general formula (6) include, for example, the following structure and bis (2-cycloalkyl-6-arylphenols (general formula ( 6-a)), etc. (wherein A is as defined above).
- Examples of the bis (diarylphenol) ligand represented by the formula (6-a) preferred in the present invention include the following structures. (Wherein A is as defined above)
- Each of the phenol ligands represented by the general formulas (5), (5-a), (6), and (6-a) can be synthesized by a known synthesis method and is a generally available compound.
- 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol which is one of the ligands of the aluminum catalyst of the present invention, is a precursor of 2,6-diphenylphenol that has been conventionally used.
- an acidic catalyst Moreover, it can be manufactured at a low cost (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-269868).
- the aluminum catalyst of the present invention includes at least one selected from the aluminum compounds represented by the general formulas (7), (8), (9) and (10), and the general formulas (5) and (5). It can be obtained by reacting at least one selected from the phenol ligands represented by -a), (6) and (6-a).
- the phenol ligand is reacted with the aluminum compound at a ratio of preferably 1.0 to 5 equivalents, more preferably 1.4 to 3.5 equivalents (aluminum atom: compound molar ratio). Is preferred.
- the reaction can be performed in an inert gas atmosphere or in the presence of an inert solvent.
- an inert gas it is preferable to use, for example, nitrogen, argon, or other rare gases.
- the inert solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons (such as hexane, heptane and octane), alicyclic hydrocarbons (such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane), aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene, toluene and xylene), ether (diethyl).
- ether diisopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dioxolane), halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethane, dichloroethane and chlorobenzene) and the like.
- organic solvents such as toluene and heptane are preferred. These solvents are preferably dried in advance or an anhydrous solvent.
- the amount (L) of the solvent used is preferably 1 to 10,000 times the capacity [L / kg], more preferably 20 to 400 times the capacity [L / kg] with respect to the phenol ligand (kg). It is a range.
- the polymerization degree of the aluminoxane represented by the general formulas (9) and (10) is preferably 2 or more.
- the reaction temperature is preferably in the range of about ⁇ 60 to 100 ° C., more preferably in the range of about ⁇ 30 to 50 ° C., and particularly preferably in the range of about ⁇ 10 to 30 ° C. While maintaining the above temperature, the aluminum catalyst can be produced smoothly by reacting preferably for about 0.25 to 30 hours, more preferably for about 0.5 to 10 hours.
- the aluminum catalyst according to the present invention has an excellent effect as a catalyst in performing an intramolecular reaction, particularly an intramolecular cyclization reaction.
- the aluminum catalyst according to the present invention can be used as a catalyst in carrying out a reaction in which an optically active citronellal is cyclized to synthesize optically active isopulegol.
- optically active isopulegol is obtained by ring-closing reaction of optically active citronellal in the presence of the aforementioned catalyst.
- the optically active citronellal which is a raw material compound, is produced by the process A.
- the amount of the aluminum catalyst used in the ring-closing reaction of the optically active citronellal in the step B is preferably in the range of about 0.05 to 10 mol%, and in the range of about 0.1 to 3 mol% with respect to the citronellal. More preferably.
- the aluminum catalyst used in the ring-closing reaction of the optically active citronellal in the present invention is at least selected from aluminum compounds represented by the general formulas (7), (8), (9) and (10) in the reaction system in advance.
- a method of charging an optically active citronellal, or b) an aluminum catalyst prepared by mixing at least one selected from the aluminum compound and at least one selected from the phenol ligand in advance during the ring-closing reaction An equivalent result can be obtained by either of the optically active citronellal and the method of charging each independently.
- the temperature of the ring-closing reaction of the optically active citronellal is preferably in the range of about -60 to 60 ° C, more preferably in the range of about -30 to 40 ° C, and about -20 to 20 ° C. It is particularly preferred.
- the optically active isopulegol represented by the formula (3) can be produced smoothly by reacting for preferably about 0.25 to 30 hours, more preferably about 0.5 to 20 hours while maintaining the above temperature. .
- the ring-closing reaction of the optically active citronellal in the present invention is carried out in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon gas in the presence of an inert solvent under a solvent-free condition so that the ring-closing reaction proceeds smoothly. Is preferred.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not significantly inhibit this reaction, and examples thereof include aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane, octane, etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbons (cyclohexane and methyl).
- Cyclohexane aromatic hydrocarbons (such as benzene, toluene and xylene), ethers (such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dioxolane) or halogenated hydrocarbons (dichloromethane, dichloroethane and Chlorobenzene) and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene
- ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dioxolane
- halogenated hydrocarbons dichloromethane, dichloroethane and Chlorobenzene
- an organic solvent such as toluene or
- the amount of these solvents used is preferably about 0 to 20 times the volume of optical citronellal, and more preferably 0.5 to 7 times the amount.
- additives include, for example, mineral acids (hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, etc.), organic acids and ester compounds thereof (formic acid, acetic acid, pyruvic acid, propionic acid, citronellic acid, geranilic acid, neryl acid, etc.
- Aryl esters aldehydes other than citronellal (chloral, acetaldehyde, p-bromobenzaldehyde, ethyl glyoxylate, etc.), organic acid anhydrides (acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, decanoic anhydride, maleic anhydride, citronellic anhydride, anhydrous) Succinic acid and pivaloic anhydride), ketones (perfluoroacetone, 1,1,1-trifluoroacetone, etc.), acid halides (acetic acid chloride, propionic acid chloride, decanoic acid chloride, etc.), vinyl ethers (methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl) Ete Etc.), or an epoxy compound (alpha-pinene oxide, isobutylene oxide, etc. isopulegol oxide) can be exemplified.
- organic acid anhydrides acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, decanoic an
- the additive acid and its ester compound, aldehydes other than citronellal, organic acid anhydrides, ketones, acid halides, vinyl ethers and epoxy compounds can be added to the catalyst layer or citronellal layer after the aluminum catalyst is prepared.
- the citronellal ring-closure reaction can be carried out.
- the purification of the optically active isopulegol obtained by the step B of Scheme 1 can be obtained simply by a treatment by distillation, or the highly active optically active isopulegol can be obtained by the cryogenic crystallization of the step D of Scheme 1. .
- All ligands of organoaluminum compounds can be reused as catalysts again by recovering after deactivation of the catalyst.
- the residue after the distillation treatment is treated as it is or with an acid or alkali to remove impurities including aluminum, followed by crystallization, distillation, etc., so that the hydroxy compound becomes a phenol ligand.
- citronellal is further added to continuously perform the ring-closing reaction. It can be carried out. Alternatively, it can be removed by filtration after completion of the ring closure reaction and used as it is in the next ring closure reaction.
- the deactivated catalyst can be added to the reaction solution and used for the next ring closure reaction.
- Step D shown in Scheme 1 of the present invention is achieved by crystallizing the optically active isopulegol obtained in Step B at a low temperature (deep cooling crystallization). Thereby, it becomes possible to produce optically active isopulegol with higher chemical purity and optical purity.
- Step D Cryogenic crystallization of optically active isopulegol> Cryogenic crystallization of optically active isopulegol is described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 3241542 [incorporated herein by reference. ].
- an optically active isopulegol having both chemical purity and optical purity of 99.7% or more can be obtained. .
- the temperature of the crystallization of optically active isopulegol is preferably in the range of about ⁇ 60 to ⁇ 20 ° C., particularly preferably in the range of about ⁇ 50 to ⁇ 25 ° C. While gradually lowering the temperature, crystals of optically active isopulegol having both chemical purity and optical purity of 99.7% or more are precipitated, stirred and aged. In order to accelerate the precipitation of crystals, a small amount of crystals of optically active isopulegol having both chemical purity and optical purity of 99.7% or more can be added.
- the crystallization time is preferably about 1 to 30 hours, more preferably about 10 to 20 hours. Then, the high purity optically active isopulegol represented by the process D of the scheme 1 can be manufactured by filtering the precipitated high purity isopulegol with a centrifuge.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons hexane, heptane, octane, petroleum ether, etc.
- alicyclic hydrocarbons cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, etc.
- aromatic hydrocarbons Benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.
- ether diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dioxane, etc.
- alcohol methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.
- ketone acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.
- organic solvents such as heptane, petroleum ether, and acetone are preferable. These solvents are preferably dried beforehand or anhydrous solvents.
- the amount of these solvents used (L) is preferably about 0.5 to 5 times the volume [L / kg], preferably 1 to 3 times the volume [L / kg] of isopulegol (kg). It is more preferable.
- high-purity optically active isopulegol which is odorless and has only a refreshing sensation
- high purity optically active isopulegol having only odorless and refreshing feeling can be produced by simple distillation after deep cooling.
- Step C and Step E shown in Scheme 1 of the present invention are achieved by producing optically active menthol by hydrogenating the optically active isopulegol obtained in Step B or Step D using a catalyst.
- Step C and Step E Hydrogenation reaction of optically active isopulegol>
- the method for hydrogenating the carbon-carbon double bond portion of the optically active isopulegol can be performed by a usual method. That is, an optically active menthol can be produced by charging a hydrogenating catalyst such as Raney nickel or Pd / C into an autoclave and hydrogenating the optically active isopulegol with no solvent or in the presence of a solvent under hydrogen pressure.
- the hydrogenation temperature of the optically active isopulegol is preferably in the range of about 0 to 80 ° C, particularly preferably in the range of about 20 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably about 1 to 30 hours, more preferably about 3 to 15 hours.
- the optically active menthol can be produced by filtering and distilling the optically active menthol.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons hexane, heptane, octane, petroleum ether, etc.
- alicyclic hydrocarbons cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, etc.
- aromatic hydrocarbons Benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.
- ether diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, methyl tert-butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, dioxane, etc.
- alcohol methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.
- ketone acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.
- organic solvents such as heptane, petroleum ether, and acetone are preferable. These solvents are preferably dried beforehand or anhydrous solvents.
- the amount of these solvents used (L) is preferably about 0 to 5 times the volume [L / kg], and 0 to 3 times the volume [L / kg] of the optically active menthol (kg). It is more preferable.
- Example 2 Asymmetric isomerization of nerol Using nerol as a raw material, except that the catalyst used in Example 1, the molar ratio of substrate to catalyst, reaction temperature, and reaction time were changed as shown in Table 1. The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. The yield of (S) -citronellal was GC yield 83%. In the same manner as in Example 1, after completion of the reaction, the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was measured by gas chromatography. The optical purity is 99% e.e. e. Met.
- Example 3 Asymmetric isomerization of geraniol
- Example 4 Preparation of Aluminum Catalyst and Synthesis of l-Isopulegol 3.61 g (14.7 mmol) of 2,6-diphenylphenol was placed in a 1 L reaction flask, purged with nitrogen, and toluene stirred while stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere. 96 mL, and then 4.54 mL (4.54 mmol) of a 1.0 mol / L toluene solution of triethylaluminum were added.
- Example 5 Preparation of aluminum catalyst and synthesis of l-isopulegol 0.34 g (1.36 mmol, manufactured by Sanko Co., Ltd., Japan) 269868 synthesized in accordance with the method described in Japanese Patent No. 269868 (hereinafter the same), and after nitrogen substitution, 4.9 mL of toluene, 0.39 mL (0.389 mmol) of triethylaluminum / toluene solution (1.0 mol / L) were added. After sequential addition and stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the solvent was distilled off to obtain 0.40 g of a colorless to pale orange amorphous yellow solid.
- FIG. 5 Preparation of aluminum catalyst and synthesis of l-isopulegol 0.34 g (1.36 mmol, manufactured by Sanko Co., Ltd., Japan) 269868 synthesized in accordance with the method described in Japanese Patent No. 269868 (hereinafter the same), and after nitrogen substitution, 4.9 mL of
- FIG. 1 shows a 1 H-NMR spectrum obtained by drying the obtained solid by concentration under reduced pressure
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the low magnetic field side
- FIG. 3 shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the low magnetic field side.
- the resulting catalyst solution was cooled to ⁇ 15 to ⁇ 10 ° C., d-citronellal 2.00 g (13 mmol) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred at 0 to 5 ° C. for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction, 2 mL of water was added and the organic layer was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, the substrate conversion rate was 99.8%, the l-isopulegol selectivity was 86.3%, and 1-isopulegol and other isomers The ratio was 99.6: 0.4.
- Examples 7 to 12 Synthesis of l-isopulegol with an aluminum catalyst
- Table 1 shows the results of using various phenols as hydroxy compounds.
- the reaction conditions were phenols in a 50 mL Schlenk tube, 1.7 mmol for Examples 7 to 11 and 0.87 mmol for Example 12, and after substitution with nitrogen, a total of 3 mL of toluene as a solvent, triethylaluminum / toluene solution 0.58 mL (0.58 mmol) was sequentially added and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a catalyst solution. After cooling the catalyst solution to ⁇ 10 ° C., 3.0 g (19 mmol) of d-citronellal was added dropwise and stirred for 1 hour.
- the conversion rate indicates the conversion rate of citronellal
- the isopulegol selectivity indicates the selectivity of the reacted citronellal to isopulegol
- the n-isopulegol selectivity indicates the selectivity of n-isopulegol in the produced isopulegol
- ester selection indicates the selectivity of citronellal to the dimerized ester (citronellyl citronellate), respectively.
- Examples 13 to 18 Synthesis of l-isopulegol using an aluminum catalyst 269 mg (1.1 mmol) of 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol was placed in a 50 mL Schlenk tube and purged with nitrogen, followed by 4.7 mL of toluene, triethylaluminum / toluene 0.3 mL (0.32 mmol) of a solution (1.0 mol / L) was sequentially added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours to obtain a catalyst solution.
- the conversion rate indicates the conversion rate of citronellal
- the isopulegol selectivity indicates the selectivity of the reacted citronellal to isopulegol
- the n-isopulegol selectivity indicates the selectivity of n-isopulegol in the produced isopulegol
- ester selection The rate represents the selectivity of citronellal to the dimerized ester (citronellyl citronellate), respectively.
- Example 19 Synthesis of 1-Isopulegol and Ligand Recycle 10.14 g (40.2 mmol) of 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol was placed in a 1 L reaction flask, purged with nitrogen, and then stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere. While adding 87 mL of toluene, 13.0 mL (13.0 mmol) of a triethylaluminum / 1.0 mol / L toluene solution was then added.
- Example 20 Synthesis of l-isopulegol 3.51 g (14.7 mmol) of 2-cyclohexyl-6-phenylphenol was placed in a 1 L reaction flask, purged with nitrogen, and then 96 mL of toluene with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere, 4.54 mL (4.54 mmol) of a triethylaluminum / 1.0 mol / L toluene solution was added.
- the ratio of ln-isopulegol to other isomers was 99.7: 0.3.
- simple distillation 57 to 61 ° C., 0.053 to 0.067 kPa
- the purity was 97.6%
- the ratio of ln-isopulegol to other isomers was 99.7: 0.3. This reaction was performed twice.
- the conversion rate indicates the conversion rate of citronellal
- the isopulegol selectivity indicates the selectivity of reacted citronellal to isopulegol
- the n-isopulegol selectivity indicates the selectivity of n-isopulegol in the produced isopulegol.
- the ester selectivity represents the selectivity of citronellal to the dimerized ester (citronellyl citronellate), respectively.
- Example 21 Hydrogenation reaction of high-purity l-isopulegol, synthesis of high-purity l-menthol
- 100.0 g (0.65 mol) of l-isopulegol obtained in Example 20 was added in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Raney nickel (0.4 g) was added and hydrogenation was performed at a hydrogen pressure of 2.5 MPa at 70 ° C. for 10 hours.
- the reaction solution was filtered and distilled (bp 212 ° C.) to obtain 94.0 g (0.60 mol, 99% ee) of 1-menthol.
- the optically active citronellal used in the present invention can be produced by asymmetric isomerization of geraniol and / or nerol using an optically active ruthenium catalyst.
- the citronellal ring-closure reaction catalyst used in the present invention can simply cyclize citronellal and optically active citronellal simply by mixing an alkylaluminum compound and a specific alcohol, and has high n-selectivity isopulegol and optical Active isopulegol can be produced.
- optically active isopulegol is subjected to deep crystallization to hydrogenate the optically active isopulegol of high purity or the optically active isopulegol that does not undergo cold crystallization using a commonly used carbon-carbon double bond hydrogenation catalyst, Optically active menthol can be produced.
- the optically active menthol production method of the present invention is composed of very short steps, and all the steps are composed of catalytic reaction steps. Therefore, this manufacturing method has less waste that pollutes the environment and can save manufacturing costs.
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Abstract
Description
下記一般式(1)で表される化合物を、ルテニウム触媒と塩基の存在下に不斉異性化することにより、下記一般式(2)で表される光学活性体シトロネラールを得る工程、前記一般式(2)で表される光学活性体シトロネラールを、アルミニウム触媒の存在下、選択的に閉環させる工程を含む、下記一般式(3)で表される光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法であって、
前記アルミニウム触媒は、下記一般式(5)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物、又は、下記一般式(6)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物を、下記一般式(7)で表されるアルキルアルミニウム化合物、下記一般式(8)で表されるヒドリドアルミニウム化合物、下記一般式(9)で表される鎖状アルミノキサン類、及び下記一般式(10)で表される環状アルミノキサン類、から選ばれる少なくとも1種のアルミニウム化合物と反応させて得られるものである、光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
式(2)及び(3)中、*は、不斉炭素原子を示す。)
Aは、(i)単結合、(ii)置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい炭素数1乃至25の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状のアルキレン基、(iii)置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~15のアリーレン基、(iv)置換基を有してもよい炭素数2~15のヘテロアリーレン基、あるいは(v)-O-、-S-、-N(R14)-、-S(O)-、-C(O)-、-S(O)2-、-P(R14)-、-(R14)P(O)-及び-Si(R15R16)-の群から選択される官能基またはヘテロ元素である。ここで、R14~R16は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~12のアラルキル基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリール基である。)
AlHk(Lg)3-k (7)
(式(7)中、Alはアルミニウムであり、Lgは炭素数1乃至8の分岐状もしくは直鎖状のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、または置換基を有していてもよい炭素数7乃至12のアラルキル基であり、kは0乃至3の整数である。)
MAlH4 (8)
(式(8)中、Alはアルミニウムであり、Mはリチウム、ナトリウム又はカリウムである。)
〔2〕
前記一般式(5)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物が、下記一般式(5-a)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物である上記〔1〕記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
〔3〕
前記一般式(6)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物が、下記一般式(6-a)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物である上記〔1〕記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
Aは、(i)単結合、(ii)置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい炭素数1乃至25の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状のアルキレン基、(iii)置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~15のアリーレン基、(iv)置換基を有してもよい炭素数2~15のヘテロアリーレン基、あるいは(v)-O-、-S-、-N(R14)-、-S(O)-、-C(O)-、-S(O)2-、-P(R14)-、-(R14)P(O)-及び-Si(R15R16)-の群から選択される官能基またはヘテロ元素である。ここで、R14~R16は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~12のアラルキル基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリール基である。)
〔4〕
前記閉環反応を、下記I及びIIのうち少なくとも一方の化合物の存在下で行う上記〔1〕乃至〔3〕のいずれか1に記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
I.少なくとも1種の酸
II.シトロネラール以外のアルデヒド、酸無水物、ケトン、酸ハライド、エポキシ化合物及びビニルエーテルを含む郡から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物
〔5〕
前記ルテニウム触媒が、下記一般式(11)で表されるルテニウム化合物である、上記〔1〕乃至〔4〕のいずれか1に記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
[RumLnWpUq]rZs (11)
(式中、Lは、光学活性ホスフィン配位子であり、Wは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アシルオキシ基、アリール基、ジエン又はアニオンであり、Uは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アシルオキシ基、アリール基、ジエン、アニオン又はL以外の配位子であり、Zは、アニオン、アミン又は光学活性含窒素化合物であり、m、n及びrは各々独立して1~5の整数であり、p、q及びsは各々独立して0~5の整数であり、p+q+sは1以上である。)
〔6〕
前記塩基が、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属の塩若しくは四級アンモニウム塩である上記〔1〕乃至〔5〕のいずれか1に記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
〔7〕
上記〔1〕乃至〔6〕のいずれか1に記載の方法により光学活性イソプレゴールを得る工程、及び得られた光学活性イソプレゴールに水素添加する工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
〔8〕
以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-1)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化により光学活性シトロネラールを得る。
B-1)酸性触媒による光学活性シトロネラールの閉環反応によって光学活性イソプレゴールを得る。
C-1)光学活性イソプレゴールを水素化し光学活性メントールを得る。
〔9〕
以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-2)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化により光学活性シトロネラールを得る。
B-2)酸性触媒による光学活性シトロネラールの閉環反応によって光学活性イソプレゴールを得る。
D-2)光学活性イソプレゴールを深冷によって再結晶を行いさらに高い純度のイソプレゴールを得る。
E-2)工程D-2で得た光学活性イソプレゴールを水素化し光学活性メントールを得る。
〔10〕
以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-3)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化によりd-シトロネラールを得る。
B-3)酸性触媒によるd-シトロネラールの閉環反応によってl-イソプレゴールを得る。
C-3)l-イソプレゴールを水素化しl-メントールを得る。
〔11〕
以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-4)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化によりd-シトロネラールを得る。
B-4)酸性触媒によるd-シトロネラールの閉環反応によってl-イソプレゴールを得る。
D-4)l-イソプレゴールを深冷によって再結晶を行いさらに高い純度の1-イソプレゴールを得る。
E-4)工程D-4で得たl-イソプレゴールを水素化しl-メントールを得る。
本願において“重量%”及び“重量部”は、それぞれ“質量%”及び“質量部”と同義である。
本発明である光学活性メントールの製造方法はScheme1に示した方法で行われる。本明細書において、化学構造中の*は不斉炭素を表わす。
スキーム1に示した工程Aはゲラニオール及びネロールのうち少なくとも一方を、不斉異性化触媒を用いて不斉異性化することにより、光学活性シトロネラールを製造することにより成り立つ。
(ルテニウム触媒)
スキーム1の工程A:不斉異性化触媒について説明する。不斉異性化触媒であるルテニウム触媒としてはルテニウムと配位子からなる錯体が好ましく用いられ、配位子が不斉配位子であることが望ましいが、配位子以外の他の構成成分が光学活性体であってもよい。
特に好ましいR23及びR24としては、水素原子、メトキシ基が挙げられる。
特に好ましいR25としては、メチル基、メトキシ基が挙げられる。
(式中、Lは、光学活性ホスフィン配位子であり;Wは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アシルオキシ基、アリール基、ジエン又はアニオンであり;Uは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アシルオキシ基、アリール基、ジエン、アニオン又はL以外の配位子であり;Zは、アニオン、アミン又は光学活性含窒素化合物であり;m、n及びrは各々独立して1~5の整数であり、p、q及びsは各々独立して0~5の整数であり、p+q+sは1以上である。)
一般式(11)のWで表されるハロゲン原子としては、例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のWで表されるアシルオキシ基としては、例えば、フォルミルオキシ基、アセトキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基、ブチルオキシ基、ベンゾイルオキシ基等が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のWで表されるアリール基としては、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アントラニル基、フェナントリル基、インデニル基、メシチル基、ジベンジル基等の芳香族単環、多環式基等が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のWで表されるジエンとしては、例えば、ブタジエン、シクロオクタジエン(cod)、ノルボルナジエン(nod)等が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のUで表されるハロゲン原子としては、例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のUで表されるアシルオキシ基としては、例えば、フォルミルオキシ基、アセトキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基、ブチルオキシ基、ベンゾイルオキシ基等が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のUで表されるアリール基としては、例えば、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アントラニル基、フェナントリル基、インデニル基、メシチル基、ジベンジル基等の芳香族単環、多環式基等が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のUで表されるジエンとしては、例えば、ブタジエン、シクロオクタジエン(cod)、ノルボルナジエン(nod)等が挙げられる。
一般式(11)のZで表されるアニオンとしては、例えば、硝酸イオン、亜硝酸イオン、硫酸イオン、亜硫酸イオン、スルホン酸イオン(メタンスルホン酸イオン、ベンゼンスルホン酸イオン、p-トルエンスルホン酸イオン、カンフルスルホン酸イオン、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸イオンなど)、スルファミン酸イオン、炭酸イオン、水酸化物イオン、カルボン酸イオン(ギ酸イオン、酢酸イオン、プロピオン酸イオン、グルコン酸イオン、オレイン酸イオン、シュウ酸イオン、安息香酸イオン、フタル酸イオン、トリフルオロ酢酸イオンなど)、硫化物イオン、チオシアン酸イオン、リン酸イオン、ピロリン酸イオン、酸化物イオン、リン化物イオン、塩素酸イオン、過塩素酸イオン、ヨウ素酸イオン、ヘキサフルオロケイ酸イオン、シアン化物イオン、ホウ酸イオン、メタホウ酸イオン、ホウフッ化物イオン等が挙げられる。
(i)Wは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Zはトリアルキルアミンであり、m=p=s=1、n=r=2、q=0を示し、(ii)Wは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Zはピリジル基又は環置換ピリジル基であり、m=n=r=s=1、p=2、q=0を示し、(iii)Wはアシルオキシ基であり、m=n=r=1、p=2、q=s=0を示し、(iv)Wは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Zはジメチルホルムアミド又はジメチルアセトアミドであり、m=n=r=1、p=2、q=0、sは0~4の整数を示し、(v)Wは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Uは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Zはジアルキルアンモニウムイオンであり、m=n=p=2、q=3、r=s=1を示し、(vi)Wは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Uは中性配位子である芳香族化合物又はオレフィンであり、Zは塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、I3、BF4、ClO4、OTf、PF6、SbF6又はBPh4であり、m=n=p=q=r=s=1を示し、(vii)ZはBF4、ClO4、OTf、PF6、SbF6又はBPh4であり、m=n=r=1、p=q=0、s=2を示し、(viii)W及びUは同一であっても異なっていてもよく、水素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子、カルボキシル基又は他のアニオン基であり、Zはジアミン化合物であり、m=n=p=q=r=s=1を示し、(ix)Wは水素原子であり、Uは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、m=p=q=r=1、n=2、s=0を示し、(x)Wは水素原子であり、ZはBF4、ClO4、OTf、PF6、SbF6又はBPh4であり、m=n=p=r=s=1、q=0を示し、(xi)Wは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、Uは一価ホスフィン配位子であり、Zは塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、m=n=p=q=1、r=z=2を示し、(xii)W及びUは同一又は異なって、塩素原子、臭素原子又はヨウ素原子であり、m=n=p=q=r=1、s=0を示す。
Ru(OAc)2(L)、Ru(OCOCF3)2(L)、Ru2Cl4(L)2NEt3、[RuCl2(L)(dmf)n]、RuHCl(L)、RuHBr(L)、RuHI(L)、[{RuCl(L)}2(μ-Cl)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuBr(L)}2(μ-Br)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuI(L)}2(μ-I)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuCl(L)}2(μ-Cl)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuBr(L)}2(μ-Br)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuBr(L)}2(μ-I)3][Me2NH2]、[RuCl[PPh3](L)]2(μ-Cl)2、[RuBr[PPh3](L)]2(μ-Br)2、[RuI[PPh3](L)]2(μ-I)2、RuCl2(L)、RuBr2(L)、RuI2(L)、[RuCl2(L)](dmf)n、RuCl2(L)(pyridine)2、RuBr2(L)(pyridine)2、RuI2(L)(pyridine)2、RuCl2(L)(2,2’-dipyridine)、RuBr2(L)(2,2’-dipyridine)、RuI2(L)(2,2’-dipyridine)、[RuCl(benzene)(L)]Cl、[RuBr(benzene)(L)]Br、[RuI(benzene)(L)]I、[RuCl(p-cymene)(L)]Cl、[RuBr(p-cymene)(L)]Br、[RuI(p-cymene)(L)]I、[RuI(p-cymene)(L)]I3、[Ru(L)](OTf)2、[Ru(L)](BF4)2、[Ru(L)](ClO4)2、[Ru(L)](SbF6)2、[Ru(L)](PF6)2、[Ru(L)](BPh4)2、[RuCl2(L)](en)、[RuBr2(L)](en)、[RuI2(L)](en)、[RuH2(L)](en)、[RuCl2(L)](DPEN)、[RuBr2(L)](DPEN)、[RuI2(L)](DPEN)、[RuH2(L)](DPEN)、[RuCl2(L)](DAIPEN)、[RuBr2(L)](DAIPEN)、[RuI2(L)](DAIPEN)、[RuH2(L)](DAIPEN)、[RuCl2(L)](MAE)、[RuBr2(L)](MAE)、[RuI2(L)](MAE)、[RuH2(L)](MAE)、[RuCl2(L)](EAE)、[RuBr2(L)](EAE)、[RuI2(L)](EAE)、[RuH2(L)](EAE)、[RuCl2(L)](MAPE)、[RuBr2(L)](MAPE)、[RuI2(L)](MAPE)、[RuH2(L)](MAPE)、[RuCl2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuBr2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuI2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuH2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuCl2(L)](DBAE)、[RuBr2(L)](DBAE)、[RuI2(L)](DBAE)、[RuH2(L)](DBAE)、[RuCl2(L)](DBAPE)、[RuBr2(L)](DBAPE)、[RuI2(L)](DBAPE)、[RuH2(L)](DBAPE)等を挙げることができる。
Ru2Cl4(L)2NEt3、[RuCl2(L)(dmf)n]、[{RuCl(L)}2(μ-Cl)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuBr(L)}2(μ-Br)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuI(L)}2(μ-I)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuCl(L)}2(μ-Cl)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuBr(L)}2(μ-Br)3][Me2NH2]、[{RuBr(L)}2(μ-I)3][Me2NH2]、[RuCl(benzene)(L)]Cl、[RuBr(benzene)(L)]Br、[RuI(benzene)(L)]I、[RuCl(p-cymene)(L)]Cl、[RuBr(p-cymene)(L)]Br、[RuI(p-cymene)(L)]I、[RuI(p-cymene)(L)]I3、[RuCl2(L)](MAE)、[RuBr2(L)](MAE)、[RuI2(L)](MAE)、[RuH2(L)](MAE)、[RuCl2(L)](EAE)、[RuBr2(L)](EAE)、[RuI2(L)](EAE)、[RuH2(L)](EAE)、[RuCl2(L)](MAPE)、[RuBr2(L)](MAPE)、[RuI2(L)](MAPE)、[RuH2(L)](MAPE)、[RuCl2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuBr2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuI2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuH2(L)](DMAPE)、[RuCl2(L)](DBAE)、[RuBr2(L)](DBAE)、[RuI2(L)](DBAE)、[RuH2(L)](DBAE)、[RuCl2(L)](DBAPE)、[RuBr2(L)](DBAPE)、[RuI2(L)](DBAPE)、[RuH2(L)](DBAPE)等を挙げることができる。
M’X (14)
(式(14)中、M’は、Li、Na又はKの金属を示し、Xは、Cl、Br又はIのハロゲン原子を示す。)
具体的には、例えば、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、NaCl、NaBr、NaI、KCl、KBr、KI等の金属塩を使用するものが好ましい。更には、(Bn)Et3NCl、(Bn)Et3NBr、(Bn)Et3NI等のアンモニウム塩が選択でき、BuPh3PCl、BuPh3PBr、BuPh3PI、(C6H13)Ph3PBr、BrPPh3(CH2)4PPh3Br等のホスホニウム塩等が選択でき高い選択性が得られる(Bn:ベンジル基、Et:エチル基、Ph:フェニル基、Bu:ブチル基を示す。)。
さらに、本発明では光学活性二座ホスフィン配位子と合わせて光学活性窒素化合物とを使用する。光学活性窒素化合物は、(S)-体及び(R)-体が存在するので、目的とする光学活性シトロネラールの絶対配置に応じていずれかを選択すればよい。
また、添加する塩基の量は、遷移金属-光学活性ホスフィン錯体に対し、0.5~100当量、好ましくは、2~40当量であることが好ましい。
反応温度については、0~150℃で行うことができるが、100~70℃の範囲がより好ましい。また、反応時間は、数分~30時間で反応は完結する。反応終了後は、通常の後処理を行うことにより、目的とする光学活性シトロネラールを単離することができる。
本発明のスキーム1に示した工程Bは、工程Aで得られた光学活性シトロネラールを閉環することにより、光学活性イソプレゴールを製造することにより成り立つ。
(アルミニウム触媒)
スキーム1の工程B:シトロネラール閉環触媒としては、アルミニウム触媒を用いることが好ましい。このアルミニウム触媒は、アルミニウム化合物とフェノール配位子とを反応させて得られる。
アルミニウム触媒を製造するために使用されるアルミニウム化合物は、一般式(7)で表されるアルキルアルミニウム化合物、一般式(8)で表されるヒドリドアルミニウム化合物、一般式(9)で表される鎖状アルミノキサン類、及び、一般式(10)で表される環状アルミノキサン類から選ばれる少なくとも一種のアルミニウム化合物から選ばれることが好ましい。
(式(7)中、Alはアルミニウムであり、Lgは炭素数1乃至8の分岐状もしくは直鎖状のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、または置換基を有していてもよい炭素数7乃至12のアラルキル基であり、kは0又は1乃至3の整数である。)
(式(8)中、Alはアルミニウムであり、Mはリチウム、ナトリウム又はカリウムである。)
前記置換基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プルピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、ペンチル基及びヘキシル基などの炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基;シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基及びシクロヘプチル基などの炭素数5乃至8の脂環式基;トリフロロメチル基、ペンタフロロエチル基、ヘプタフロロプロピル基及びノナフロロブチル基などの炭素数1乃至4のパーフロロアルキル基;メトキシ基、エトキシ基、n-プロポキシル基、イソプロポキシ基、n-ブトキシ基、イソブトキシ基、sec-ブトキシ基及びtert-ブトキシ基などの炭素数1乃至4のアルコキシ基;フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子などのハロゲン原子;ベンジル基、フェニルエチル基及びナフチルメチル基などの炭素数7乃至12のアラルキル基;トリメチルシリル基、トリエチルシリル基、トリイソプロピルシリル基、ジメチルイソプロピルシリル基、ジエチルイソプロピルシリル基、ジメチル(2,3-ジメチル-2-ブチル)シリル基、tert-ブチルジメチルシリル基及びジメチルヘキシルシリル基などのトリ-炭素数1乃至6アルキルシリル基;ジメチルアミノ基、ジエチルアミノ基及びジブチルアミノ基などの炭素数2乃至8のジアルキルアミノ基等が挙げられる。
ここで、炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、2,3-ジメチル-2-ブチル基、ヘキシル基及びtert-ブチル基が挙げられる。炭素数6~18のアリール基としては、例えば、フェニル基及びナフチル基が挙げられる。炭素数7~19のアラルキル基としては、例えば、ベンジル基及びp-キシリル基が挙げられる。
炭素数1乃至25の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状のアルキレン基は置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい。置換基としては前記R6~R13における置換基で例示されたものと同様の置換基が挙げられる。
炭素数6~15のアリーレン基は置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい。置換基としては前記R6~R13における置換基で例示されたものと同様の置換基が挙げられる。
炭素数2~15のヘテロアリーレン基は置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい。置換基としては前記R6~R13における置換基で例示されたものと同様の置換基が挙げられる。
一般式(6)のビス(ジアリールフェノール)類は、例えば、日本国特表2008-538101号公報(特許文献9)に記載にされている[参照により、本明細書に組み込むものとする。]。
Aは、(i)単結合、(ii)置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい炭素数1乃至25の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状のアルキレン基、(iii)置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~15のアリーレン基、(iv)置換基を有してもよい炭素数2~15のヘテロアリーレン基、あるいは(v)-O-、-S-、-N(R14)-、-S(O)-、-C(O)-、-S(O)2-、-P(R14)-、-(R14)P(O)-及び-Si(R15R16)-の群から選択される官能基またはヘテロ元素である。ここで、R14~R16は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~12のアラルキル基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリール基である。)
なお、本発明のアルミニウム触媒の配位子のひとつである2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノールは、従来用いられてきた2,6-ジフェニルフェノールの前駆体であり、酸性触媒存在下、容易に、しかも安価に製造できる(日本国特開2009-269868号公報)。
不活性ガスとしては、例えば窒素、アルゴン、その他希ガス類等を用いることが好ましい。
不活性溶媒としては、例えば、脂肪族炭化水素(ヘキサン、ヘプタン及びオクタンなど)、脂環式炭化水素(シクロヘキサン及びメチルシクロヘキサンなど)、芳香族炭化水素(ベンゼン、トルエン及びキシレンなど)、エーテル(ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジメトキシエタン、メチルtert-ブチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン及びジオキソランなど)、ハロゲン化炭化水素(ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン及びクロロベンゼン)等を挙げることができる。これらのうちで好ましくは、トルエン及びヘプタン等の有機溶媒である。これら溶媒は、予め乾燥されたものか、または無水溶媒を用いることが好ましい。
本発明のスキーム1に示した工程Dは工程Bで得られた光学活性イソプレゴールを、低温で晶析(深冷晶析)することにより成り立つ。これにより、より高い化学純度、光学純度の光学活性イソプレゴールを製造することが可能となる。
光学活性イソプレゴールの深冷晶析は、例えば、日本国特許第3241542号公報に記載にされている[参照により、本明細書に組み込むものとする。]。
工程Bで得られた光学活性イソプレゴールを有機溶媒中に溶かした溶液を低温で晶析する(深冷晶析)ことにより化学純度及び光学純度がともに99.7%以上の光学活性イソプレゴールが得られる。
本発明のスキーム1に示した工程C及び工程Eは、工程Bまたは工程Dで得られた光学活性イソプレゴールを、触媒を用いて水素化することにより、光学活性メントールを製造することにより成り立つ。
光学活性イソプレゴールの炭素―炭素二重結合部分を水素化する方法は、通常の方法でできる。すなわち、ラネーニッケル、Pd/C等の水素化能力のある触媒を、オートクレーブ中に投入し、光学活性イソプレゴールを無溶媒又は溶媒存在下、水素圧をかけて水素化を行い光学活性メントールを製造できる。
核磁気共鳴スペクトル(1H-NMR):Oxford 300MHz FT-NMR(300MHz、溶媒CDCl3)(バリアン社製)
ガスクロマトグラフ:島津製作所社製 GC-2010ガスクロマトグラフ
添加率測定:Agilent社製 DB-WAX(0.25mm×30m)
光学純度測定:スペルコ社製 beta-DEX-225(0.25mm×30m)
検出器:FID
アルゴン気流中にて、一般式(14)で表される触媒[A]:RuCl2[(R)-DBAPE][(S)-TolBINAP];Ar=4-CH3C6H4,R=n-C4H9,R’=C6H5(3.2mg,0.0029mmol)、ゲラニオール(89.3mg,0.579mmol)、エタノール(2.6mL),46.7mM-KOH(0.31mL,0.015mmol)を加え、25℃で1時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、溶液を減圧下濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルショートパスカラムで精製することにより、(R)-シトロネラール(52.9mg,58%)を得た。ガスクロマトグラフィー(カラム:BetaDEX225(0.25mm×30m,DF=0.25))による分析を行った結果、このものの光学純度は99%e.e.以上であった。
実施例1において使用した触媒、基質と触媒のモル比、反応温度、反応時間を表1に示したように変更した以外は、原料としてネロールを用いて実施例1と同様の方法で反応を実施した。(S)-シトロネラールの収率は、GC収率83%であった.実施例1と同様に、反応終了後、溶媒を減圧下濃縮し、残渣をガスクロマトグラフィーにて測定した。光学純度は99%e.e.であった。
3L反応フラスコに、実施例1で用いた触媒[A](3.2g,2.9mmol)、ゲラニオール(89.3g,0.579mol)、エタノール(2.6L),46.7mM-KOH(0.31L,0.015mol)を加え、25℃で1時間撹拌した。
反応終了後、溶液を減圧蒸留(69~71℃、0.66kPa)することにより、(R)-シトロネラール(52.9g,58%)を得た。ガスクロマトグラフィー(カラム:BetaDEX225(0.25mm×30m,DF=0.25))による分析を行った結果、このものの光学純度は99%e.e.以上であった。この反応を4回行った。
1L反応フラスコに2,6-ジフェニルフェノール3.621g(14.7mmol)を入れ、窒素置換した後、窒素雰囲気下にて攪拌しつつトルエン96mL、次いでトリエチルアルミニウム1.0mol/Lトルエン溶液4.54mL(4.54mmol)を添加した。室温にて1時間攪拌後に系内温度を0~10℃に冷却し、d-シトロネラール100.0g(648.3mmol、光学純度97.8%e.e.)を滴下し、0~10℃で終夜撹拌した。反応終了後、この溶液サンプルに水を加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、基質転化率99.5%、イソプレゴール選択率は98.2%で、l-n-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.5:0.5であった。
窒素雰囲気、200mL反応フラスコに2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール0.34g(1.36mmol、三光株式会社製、もしくは日本国特開2009-269868号公報に記載の方法に従い合成したもの(以下同様))を入れ、窒素置換した後、トルエン4.9mL、トリエチルアルミニウム・トルエン溶液(1.0mol/L)0.39mL(0.389mmol)を順次加え、室温にて2時間撹拌した後、溶媒を留去して無色~薄オレンジ色のアモルファス状の黄色固体0.40gを得た。この得られた固体を、減圧濃縮により乾固させて測定した1H-NMRスペクトルを図1に、低磁場側を拡大したものを図2に示す。また、2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノールの1H-NMRスペクトルを図3に、低磁場側を拡大したものを図4に示す。
上記で得られた固体234mgを-15~-10℃に冷却したd-シトロネラール2.00g(13mmol)に添加し、0~5℃で1時間撹拌した。反応終了後、水2mLとトルエン2mLを加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、基質転化率99.1%、l-イソプレゴール選択率は96.6%で、l-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.5:0.5であった。
50mlシュレンク管に2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール344mg(1.4mmol)を入れ、窒素置換した後、トルエン1.6mL、トリエチルアルミニウム・トルエン溶液(1.0mol/L)0.4mL(0.40mmol)を順次加え、室温にて2時間撹拌して触媒溶液を得た。得られた触媒溶液を-15~-10℃に冷却した後、d-シトロネラール2.00g(13mmol)を滴下し、0~5℃で1時間撹拌した。反応終了後、水2mLを加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、基質転化率99.8%、l-イソプレゴール選択率は86.3%で、l-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.6:0.4であった。
ヒドロキシ化合物として、種々のフェノール類を用いた結果を表1に示す。反応条件は50mLシュレンク管にフェノール類を、実施例7~11については1.7mmol、実施例12については0.87mmolを入れ、窒素置換した後、溶媒としてトルエンを合計3mL、トリエチルアルミニウム・トルエン溶液0.58mL(0.58mmol)を順次加え、室温にて2時間撹拌し触媒溶液を得た。触媒溶液を-10℃に冷却した後、d-シトロネラール3.0g(19mmol)を滴下し、1時間撹拌した。反応終了後、水2mLを加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した。
なお、各フェノール類は、実施例7~12は日本国特開2009-269868号公報に記載の方法に従い2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノールと同様に合成した。
表1中、転化率はシトロネラールの転化率を、イソプレゴール選択性は反応したシトロネラールのイソプレゴールへの選択率を、n-イソプレゴール選択性は、生成したイソプレゴール中のn-イソプレゴールの選択率を、エステル選択率はシトロネラールの二量化エステル(シトロネリルシトロネレート)への選択率を、それぞれ表す。
50mLシュレンク管に2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール269mg(1.1mmol)を入れ、窒素置換した後、トルエン4.7mL、トリエチルアルミニウム・トルエン溶液(1.0mol/L)0.3mL(0.32mmol)を順次加え、室温にて2時間撹拌して触媒溶液を得た。得られた触媒溶液を-15~-10℃に冷却した後、表2に示す各添加物を0.5重量%加えたd-シトロネラール5.00g(32mmol)を滴下し、3時間撹拌した。反応終了後、水2mLを加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した。結果を表2に示す。
表2中、転化率はシトロネラールの転化率を、イソプレゴール選択性は反応したシトロネラールのイソプレゴールへの選択率を、n-イソプレゴール選択性は、生成したイソプレゴール中のn-イソプレゴールの選択率を、エステル選択率はシトロネラールの二量化エステル(シトロネリルシトロネレート)への選択率それぞれ表す。
1L反応フラスコに2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール10.14g(40.2mmol)を入れ、窒素置換した後、窒素雰囲気下にて攪拌しつつトルエン87mL、次いでトリエチルアルミニウム・1.0mol/Lトルエン溶液13.0mL(13.0mmol)を添加した。室温にて1時間攪拌後に系内温度を-10~5℃に冷却し、d-シトロネラール100.0g(648.3mmol、光学純度97.8%e.e.)とエチルグリオキシレートポリマー・47重量%トルエン溶液0.33mLの混合溶液を滴下し、-10~5℃で終夜撹拌した。反応終了後、トルエンを減圧除去し、溶液を単蒸留(バス温85℃、減圧度0.5mmHg、塔頂58~61℃)して目的のl-n-イソプレゴールを94.5g得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、純度97.8%、l-n-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.6:0.4であった。蒸留残渣をトルエンに溶解させ、希硫酸で洗浄後に油層を減圧濃縮し、粘性のある液体を得た。これを単蒸留(101~120℃、0.04kPa)し、2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール8.02gを得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、純度98.2%であった。
50mLシュレンクに、得られた2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール324mg(1.284mmol)を入れ、窒素置換した後、窒素雰囲気下にて攪拌しつつトルエン2.6mL、次いでトリエチルアルミニウム・1.0mol/Lトルエン溶液0.39mL(0.39mmol)を添加した。室温にて1時間攪拌後に系内温度を-10~5℃に冷却し、d-シトロネラール3.00g(19.45mmol、光学純度97.8%e.e.)とエチルグリオキシレートポリマー47重量%トルエン溶液27μLの混合溶液を滴下し、-10~5℃で終夜撹拌した。反応終了後、この溶液に水3mLを加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、基質転化率99.7%、イソプレゴール選択率は98.0%で、l-n-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.6:0.4であった。
1L反応フラスコに2-シクロヘキシル-6-フェニルフェノール3.56g(14.7mmol)を入れ、窒素置換した後、窒素雰囲気下にて攪拌しつつトルエン96mL、次いでトリエチルアルミニウム・1.0mol/Lトルエン溶液4.54mL(4.54mmol)を添加した。室温にて1時間攪拌後に系内温度を-10~5℃に冷却し、実験項3で得られたd-シトロネラール100.0g(648.3mmol、光学純度99%e.e.)とエチルグリオキシレートポリマー・47重量%トルエン溶液0.33mLの混合溶液を滴下し、-10~5℃で終夜撹拌した。反応終了後、この溶液サンプルに水を加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、基質転化率99.5%、イソプレゴール選択率は98.2%で、光学純度99%e.e.であった。l-n-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.7:0.3であった。トルエン減圧溜去後に単蒸留し(57~61℃、0.053~0.067kPa)目的のl-n-イソプレゴールを95.8g得た。ガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した結果、純度97.6%、l-n-イソプレゴールとその他の異性体の比率は99.7:0.3であった。この反応を2回行った。
ヒドロキシ化合物として、種々のフェノール類を用いた結果を表3及び表4に示す。反応条件は50mLシュレンク管にフェノール類を所定量(2.0mmol)入れ、窒素置換した後、溶媒としてトルエンを合計3mL、トリエチルアルミニウム・トルエン溶液0.58mL(0.58mmol)を順次加え、室温にて2時間撹拌し触媒溶液を得た。触媒溶液を所定温度に冷却した後、d-シトロネラール3.0g(19mmol)を滴下し、所定の温度で1時間撹拌した。反応終了後、水2mLを加えて、有機層をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析した。
なお、各フェノール類は、比較例1~15、17、18はAldrich社製、比較例16はBepharm社製である。
表3及び表4中、転化率はシトロネラールの転化率を、イソプレゴール選択性は反応したシトロネラールのイソプレゴールへの選択率を、n-イソプレゴール選択性は、生成したイソプレゴール中のn-イソプレゴールの選択率を、エステル選択率はシトロネラールの二量化エステル(シトロネリルシトロネレート)への選択率それぞれ表す。
500mLのオートクレーブに、窒素雰囲気下、実施例20で得られたl-イソプレゴール100.0g(0.65mol)と、ラネーニッケル0.4gを投入し、水素圧2.5MPa、70℃で10時間水素化を行った。反応液をろ過し、蒸留(bp212℃)をすることによってl-メントール94.0g(0.60mol、99%e.e.)を得た。
また、本発明において用いられるシトロネラールの閉環反応触媒は、アルキルアルミニウム化合物と特定のアルコール類を混合するだけで、シトロネラール、及び光学活性シトロネラールを簡便に閉環し、高いn-選択性のイソプレゴール、及び光学活性イソプレゴールを製造することができる。
得られた光学活性イソプレゴールを深冷晶析して高純度の光学活性イソプレゴール、又は、深冷晶析しない光学活性イソプレゴールを通常用いられる炭素-炭素二重結合の水素化触媒を用いて水素化し、光学活性メントールを製造することができる。
以上のように、本発明の光学活性メントールの製造方法は、非常に短い工程で成り立っており、すべての工程が触媒反応の工程で成り立っている。従って、この製造方法は、環境を汚染する廃棄物が少なく、製造経費も節約できる。
Claims (11)
- 下記一般式(1)で表される化合物を、ルテニウム触媒と塩基の存在下に不斉異性化することにより、下記一般式(2)で表される光学活性体シトロネラールを得る工程、前記一般式(2)で表される光学活性体シトロネラールを、アルミニウム触媒の存在下、選択的に閉環させる工程を含む、下記一般式(3)で表される光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法であって、
前記アルミニウム触媒は、下記一般式(5)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物、又は、下記一般式(6)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物を、下記一般式(7)で表されるアルキルアルミニウム化合物、下記一般式(8)で表されるヒドリドアルミニウム化合物、下記一般式(9)で表される鎖状アルミノキサン類、及び下記一般式(10)で表される環状アルミノキサン類、から選ばれる少なくとも1種のアルミニウム化合物と反応させて得られるものである、光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
Aは、(i)単結合、(ii)置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい炭素数1乃至25の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状のアルキレン基、(iii)置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~15のアリーレン基、(iv)置換基を有してもよい炭素数2~15のヘテロアリーレン基、あるいは(v)-O-、-S-、-N(R14)-、-S(O)-、-C(O)-、-S(O)2-、-P(R14)-、-(R14)P(O)-及び-Si(R15R16)-の群から選択される官能基またはヘテロ元素である。ここで、R14~R16は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~12のアラルキル基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリール基である。)
AlHk(Lg)3-k (7)
(式(7)中、Alはアルミニウムであり、Lgは炭素数1乃至8の分岐状もしくは直鎖状のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、または置換基を有していてもよい炭素数7乃至12のアラルキル基であり、kは0乃至3の整数である。)
MAlH4 (8)
(式(8)中、Alはアルミニウムであり、Mはリチウム、ナトリウム又はカリウムである。)
- 前記一般式(5)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物が、下記一般式(5-a)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物である請求項1記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
- 前記一般式(6)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物が、下記一般式(6-a)で表されるヒドロキシ化合物である請求項1記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
Aは、(i)単結合、(ii)置換基及び不飽和結合のうち1以上を有してもよい炭素数1乃至25の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状のアルキレン基、(iii)置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~15のアリーレン基、(iv)置換基を有してもよい炭素数2~15のヘテロアリーレン基、あるいは(v)-O-、-S-、-N(R14)-、-S(O)-、-C(O)-、-S(O)2-、-P(R14)-、-(R14)P(O)-及び-Si(R15R16)-の群から選択される官能基またはヘテロ元素である。ここで、R14~R16は、それぞれ独立して、炭素数1乃至6のアルキル基、炭素数5乃至8の環状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい炭素数7~12のアラルキル基、又は置換基を有してもよい炭素数6~10のアリール基である。) - 前記閉環反応を、下記I及びIIのうち少なくとも一方の化合物の存在下で行う請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
I.少なくとも1種の酸
II.シトロネラール以外のアルデヒド、酸無水物、ケトン、酸ハライド、エポキシ化合物及びビニルエーテルを含む郡から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物 - 前記ルテニウム触媒が、下記一般式(11)で表されるルテニウム化合物である、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
[RumLnWpUq]rZs (11)
(式中、Lは、光学活性ホスフィン配位子であり、Wは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アシルオキシ基、アリール基、ジエン又はアニオンであり、Uは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アシルオキシ基、アリール基、ジエン、アニオン又はL以外の配位子であり、Zは、アニオン、アミン又は光学活性含窒素化合物であり、m、n及びrは各々独立して1~5の整数であり、p、q及びsは各々独立して0~5の整数であり、p+q+sは1以上である。) - 前記塩基が、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属の塩若しくは四級アンモニウム塩である請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の光学活性イソプレゴールの製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の方法により光学活性イソプレゴールを得る工程、及び得られた光学活性イソプレゴールに水素添加する工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
- 以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-1)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化により光学活性シトロネラールを得る。
B-1)酸性触媒による光学活性シトロネラールの閉環反応によって光学活性イソプレゴールを得る。
C-1)光学活性イソプレゴールを水素化し光学活性メントールを得る。 - 以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-2)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化により光学活性シトロネラールを得る。
B-2)酸性触媒による光学活性シトロネラールの閉環反応によって光学活性イソプレゴールを得る。
D-2)光学活性イソプレゴールを深冷によって再結晶を行いさらに高い純度のイソプレゴールを得る。
E-2)工程D-2で得た光学活性イソプレゴールを水素化し光学活性メントールを得る。 - 以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-3)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化によりd-シトロネラールを得る。
B-3)酸性触媒によるd-シトロネラールの閉環反応によってl-イソプレゴールを得る。
C-3)l-イソプレゴールを水素化しl-メントールを得る。 - 以下の工程を含む光学活性メントールの製造方法。
A-4)ゲラニオール又はネロールの不斉異性化によりd-シトロネラールを得る。
B-4)酸性触媒によるd-シトロネラールの閉環反応によってl-イソプレゴールを得る。
D-4)l-イソプレゴールを深冷によって再結晶を行いさらに高い純度の1-イソプレゴールを得る。
E-4)工程D-4で得たl-イソプレゴールを水素化しl-メントールを得る。
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US14/442,873 US20150329452A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2013-11-14 | Method for producing optically active isopulegol and optically active menthol |
JP2014547034A JPWO2014077323A1 (ja) | 2012-11-15 | 2013-11-14 | 光学活性イソプレゴールおよび光学活性メントールの製造方法 |
EP13854981.1A EP2921228A1 (en) | 2012-11-15 | 2013-11-14 | Method for producing optically active isopulegol and optically active menthol |
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