WO2014069083A1 - 穴あきロープ - Google Patents
穴あきロープ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014069083A1 WO2014069083A1 PCT/JP2013/072988 JP2013072988W WO2014069083A1 WO 2014069083 A1 WO2014069083 A1 WO 2014069083A1 JP 2013072988 W JP2013072988 W JP 2013072988W WO 2014069083 A1 WO2014069083 A1 WO 2014069083A1
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- Prior art keywords
- rope
- perforated
- perforated rope
- strings
- fixed
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K27/00—Leads or collars, e.g. for dogs
- A01K27/003—Leads, leashes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K27/00—Leads or collars, e.g. for dogs
- A01K27/005—Quick-couplings, safety-couplings or shock-absorbing devices between leash and collar
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/12—Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/18—Grommets
- D07B1/185—Grommets characterised by the eye construction
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/005—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form characterised by their outer shape or surface properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
- D07B7/16—Auxiliary apparatus
- D07B7/169—Auxiliary apparatus for interconnecting two cable or rope ends, e.g. by splicing or sewing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1004—General structure or appearance
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2022—Strands coreless
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2041—Strands characterised by the materials used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2042—Strands characterised by a coating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2083—Jackets or coverings
- D07B2201/209—Jackets or coverings comprising braided structures
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/2055—Improving load capacity
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2015—Construction industries
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2038—Agriculture, forestry and fishery
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2801/00—Linked indexing codes associated with indexing codes or classes of D07B
- D07B2801/12—Strand
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2801/00—Linked indexing codes associated with indexing codes or classes of D07B
- D07B2801/24—Rope
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rope that can be easily combined.
- Rope is a very familiar tool, but skill and knowledge called rope work is necessary to make full use of it.
- Rope work is a technique that can be tied easily, easily unraveled, and use the rope so that it does not loosen or unravel during use.
- a perforated rope having at least three fixed portions in which two strings are fixed at regular intervals, and an opening formed between adjacent fixed portions.
- the tensile strength of one string forming the perforated rope is P and the number of strings forming the perforated rope is n, the other perforated rope is inserted into only one of the adjacent openings.
- the perforated rope according to 1 or 2 wherein the fixed portion in the formed state has a breaking strength against a tensile force of 0.8 nP to 0.97 nP. 4).
- the perforated rope according to any one of 1 to 4, wherein the two strings are band-shaped strings. 8).
- a pet reed comprising a perforated rope according to any one of 1 to 8.
- a sling for a crane comprising a perforated rope described in any of 10.1 to 8.
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be easily coupled by simply passing the rope ends through the plurality of openings, and can be easily unwound by simply removing them in order.
- tension is applied, the perforated rope of the present invention becomes narrower and the distance between the two strings forming the opening narrows, and the rope inserted into the opening is strongly sandwiched between the two strings forming the opening. Since the contact area increases and the maximum static friction force increases, the inserted rope cannot be pulled out even if it is pulled.
- the perforated rope of the present invention is inserted, the narrow width portion centered on the fixing portion of the insertion rope and the wide width portion centered on the opening portion of the rope to be inserted are engaged with each other and further firmly coupled.
- the force applied by the sudden and instantaneous movement is absorbed by the deformation of the opening, so that the shock to both the animal and the leader is alleviated and the breakage of the lead is suppressed.
- a sling for a crane it can be easily connected by passing through the perforated ropes, and the connection is strong and unbreakable.
- a belt sling using a belt-like string is highly safe because it can stably secure a load.
- superposed so that up and down may be switched alternately for every intersection location (a), what was overlap
- the tension (a) applied to the fixing part C in which the perforated rope is inserted into only one opening the force (b) applied to the lower string in the fixing part C, the fixing part C
- the present invention is a perforated rope having at least three fixing portions in which two strings are fixed at a predetermined interval and an opening formed between adjacent fixing portions.
- the perforated rope of the present invention it is more preferable that at least three fixing portions are provided at regular intervals, and four or more fixing portions are provided at regular intervals. As a result, a perforated rope having two or more openings is formed.
- the string forming the perforated rope of the present invention can be used without any particular limitation.
- the string material and the thickness are preferably the same. This is because when the string strength and elongation rate are different, the balance is poor and the strength is lowered when a perforated rope is formed.
- the two strings may be a single string folded back.
- the material of the string chemical fibers such as nylon, polyester and polyethylene, and natural fibers such as manila hemp and cotton can be used. Chemical fibers are preferred because they have a higher breaking strength than natural fibers.
- the fixing method is not limited, and is appropriately selected according to the string material or the like. For example, in the case of a rope made of chemical fiber, fusion, adhesion, and sewing can be employed. Adhesion, sewing, etc. can be employed if the rope is made of natural fibers. Further, when the string is formed by twisting the yarn, the fixing portion may be formed by weaving the yarns forming the two strings at regular intervals.
- the string used for the perforated rope of the present invention can be used without any particular limitation, such as a substantially circular one having a cross section including an ellipse, a polygon having a rectangular shape such as a rectangle, and a strip.
- Examples of the string having a substantially circular cross section include, but are not limited to, a Khanmantle structure string, three strokes, eight strokes, and the like. Kernmantle string and three strokes are preferred, and Kernmantle string is more preferred.
- the three strokes can be firmly bonded because the unevenness of the rope surface is large and the unevenness engages when combined.
- the Khanmantle string consists of an inner core and outer skin, and its flexibility is constant in all directions, so it is difficult to twist when it is made into a perforated rope. If only the outer skin of the khan mantle structure is fixed, it can be processed into a perforated rope without deteriorating the performance of the inner core. At this time, since the outer skin can slide with respect to the inner core in the fixing portion, it is possible to absorb the twist of the perforated rope. On the other hand, when a part of the inner core is also fixed together with the outer skin, the shape retaining force of the fixing portion is increased, so that the repairability against deformation is improved.
- the string structure of the Khanmantle structure is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1b The outer skin 1 of the string with a Khanmantle structure is a bag-knitted sheath.
- the inner core 2 is composed of a large number of linear materials and is gathered into a stranded wire or a bundle.
- the outer skin 1 is responsible for surface protection and wear resistance, and the inner core 2 is responsible for strength such as resistance.
- Two cords can be continuously crossed so as to form a sine wave having a phase difference of 2 ⁇ / 2, and fixed at the crossing points to form the perforated rope of the present invention.
- the belt-like strings When forming from a belt-like string, the belt-like strings may be overlapped and fixed to each other at regular intervals.
- the perforated rope of the present invention only needs to have at least three fixing portions in which two strings are fixed at a constant interval. It can also be formed from three or more strings.
- the n strings can be continuously crossed so as to have a sine wave shape having a phase difference of 2 ⁇ / n, and the crossing points can be fixed to form the perforated rope of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a perforated rope that has two strings and is folded back from a string having a circular Khan mantle structure. The intersections were continuously crossed to form a sine wave having a phase difference of ⁇ , and the intersections were fixed.
- FIG. 2a is a schematic of a perforated rope that is superimposed so that the top and bottom alternate at each intersection.
- FIG. 2b is a schematic of a perforated rope that is overlapped at the intersection where the top and bottom are not interchanged.
- FIG. 2c is a cross-sectional view of the fixing portion 3 when only the outer skin is fixed.
- At least three fixing portions formed at regular intervals can be provided at any position of the rope. Specifically, it can be formed over the end of the rope, in the middle of the rope, or over the entire length of the rope.
- a rope provided with a fixing portion over its entire length can form a bond at an arbitrary position and has a high degree of freedom in use.
- only one end side may be formed with a plurality of fixing portions such as one end side and a middle portion, both end sides and a middle portion, and a plurality of middle portions.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a rope formed with a fixing portion.
- FIG. 3a is a perforated rope according to the present invention in which anchoring portions are formed at regular intervals over the entire length of the rope.
- FIG. 3b is a perforated rope according to the present invention in which fixing portions are formed at regular intervals on both ends of the rope.
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be easily coupled by sequentially inserting the ends of other ropes into a plurality of openings. And a coupling
- inserting a rope it passes alternately so that it may become the front and back for every opening.
- a ring can be formed.
- the coupling part is fixed at the opening and does not move, so the ring is not squeezed even if tension is applied.
- a plurality of perforated ropes are combined, the length of the rope can be extended.
- FIG. 4 shows a state in which the tip of the perforated rope is alternately passed four times so that it becomes the front and back for each opening.
- the perforated rope connection of the present invention is strong and does not loosen or break during use.
- the distance between the two strings that form the opening narrows, and the rope inserted into the opening is strongly sandwiched between the two strings that form the opening, increasing the contact area and maximizing the static This is because the frictional force increases.
- the rope to be inserted into the opening is not particularly limited as long as it has a diameter suitable for the size of the opening.
- a general rope having no fixed portion can be inserted into the opening and coupled. It is preferable to insert the perforated rope of the present invention into the opening.
- FIG. 5 shows a state in which the tip of a perforated rope is inserted into four openings of another perforated rope and tension is applied.
- the distal end AT of the insertion rope A on which the fixing portion is formed is inserted into four openings (b1 to b4) of the insertion rope B.
- the narrow width portion wa centered on the fixed portion of the insertion rope A and the wide width portion wb centered on the opening portion of the insertion rope are engaged and firmly coupled.
- the inserted rope will not come off even if it is inserted into the two openings. If the direction in which the tension is applied is not constant, it may be inserted into three or more openings. As the number of openings to be inserted increases, the maximum static frictional force increases due to the increase in contact area.
- the interval for forming the fixing portion can be determined according to the diameter of another rope inserted into the opening.
- the length of the opening is preferably 1.2 to 3 times the width of the strip. If it is shorter than 1.2 times, it will be difficult to pass through, and if it is longer than 3 times, it will be slippery when tension is applied.
- the perforated rope of the present invention has elasticity derived from the unique structure of the fixed part and the opening part. As described above, when tension is applied, the opening extends in the tension direction as the distance between the two strings forming the opening decreases. The extension of the opening is elastic because the repairing force by the fixing part works. Since the perforated rope of the present invention has elasticity derived from the structure itself, the rope has a large elongation rate and an excellent shock absorbing ability compared to a conventional rope. In particular, a perforated rope made of a string having a high rigidity such as a string with a Khan mantle structure is highly repairable and can be expanded and contracted like spring elasticity.
- the elasticity derived from this structure can be adjusted by the size of the crossing angle of the fixed portions and the number of fixed portions. Specifically, the greater the crossing angle and the greater the number of fixing parts, the greater the stretchability. What is necessary is just to adjust an elasticity modulus according to the use of a perforated rope.
- the perforated rope made of string with a Khan mantle structure is fixed only to the outside, even if a strong force is applied, the outer skin absorbs the twist and the inner core is not affected.
- the shape retention force and the repairing power of the fixing portion are increased, so that the elasticity is improved. Whether a part of the inner core is fixed together with the outer skin may be appropriately selected according to the use of the perforated rope.
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be easily grasped by inserting a hand or a toe into the opening. When tension is applied, the distance between the two strings that form the opening narrows, but the rotation angle of the fixed part is limited and the gap between the two strings is maintained. I won't hurt.
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be combined without using a device such as a buckle or eggplant. Since the perforated rope of the present invention can be coupled without using an instrument, the strength of the rope itself can be utilized to the maximum extent.
- the perforated rope of the present invention has an opening and a fixing portion.
- the strength of the opening will be described.
- the two strings forming the opening portion approach to parallel except for the vicinity of the fixing portion. Since the tension applied to the parallel portion is the same as when the two strings are tensioned, the strength of the opening is equal to the two strings.
- the strength in the vicinity of the fixing portion of the perforated rope of the present invention will be described for each case.
- the state of the fixed portion when another rope is inserted into the opening of the holed rope of the present invention to create a bond can be classified into the following cases (i) to (iii).
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which different holed ropes are inserted into a plurality of openings of the holed rope of the present invention. Since the perforated rope is inserted into the opening portions on both sides of the adhering portion A and the inserted rope becomes an obstacle, the two strings forming the opening portion are not completely parallel even when tension is applied. Since the angle at which the fixed portion A is twisted is smaller than the fixed portion (i) and the force acting to twist the fixed portion A is small, the fixed portion A is less likely to be broken than the fixed portion (i). Further, tension is applied to the fixing portion B of the inserted holed rope in the same state as the fixing portion (i).
- the fixed part (ii) is superior in strength to the fixed part (i).
- FIG. 8 shows a branched portion when the portion is formed.
- a perforated rope is inserted only in one of the adjacent openings Ha and Hb.
- the force applied to the fixing portion C is shown in FIG. 9a
- the force applied to the lower string in the fixing portion C is shown in FIG. 9b
- the force applied to the upper string in the fixing portion C is shown in FIG.
- Tension f1 and tension f4 are applied to the lower string of the fixing portion C, and tension f3 and tension f2 are applied to the upper string.
- the horizontal component of the tension f1 is equal to the horizontal component of the tension f3, and they are opposite in direction and the same in magnitude as the tensions f4 and f2, respectively. Therefore, the resultant force received by the lower string of the fixing portion C is f1 + f4 shown in FIG. 9b. Similarly, the force received by the upper string of the fixing portion C is f3 + f2 shown in FIG. 9c.
- a force in the direction of shifting the fixing surface in a direction perpendicular to the rope in the surface is applied to the fixing portion C, and the magnitude thereof becomes stronger as the inclinations of the tensions f1 and f3 are larger. Since the left-right symmetry of the force acting on the fixing portion is broken, the force applied to the fixing portion (iii) is larger than the fixing portion (i) and (ii) and is easily broken.
- the fixed portion of (iii) is first destroyed.
- the overall tensile strength of the perforated rope does not exceed nxP when the perforated rope is formed of n strings.
- the fracture strength of the fixed portion is n ⁇ P or more
- the perforated rope is broken when the load reaches n ⁇ P. If the fracture strength of the fixed part is smaller than nxP, the fixed part is destroyed before the perforated rope breaks. Even if the fixed portion is broken, the perforated rope is not yet broken.
- the fixing portion preferably has a breaking strength against a tensile force of 0.8 nP to 0.97 nP, and preferably has a breaking strength against a tension of 0.9 nP to 0.95 nP. More preferred.
- FIG. 10 shows a perforated rope in which two belt-like strings that are one form of the present invention are overlapped and each surface is fixed at a constant interval. Further, a perforated rope in which three cords, which are another embodiment of the present invention, are overlapped in a sine wave shape having a phase difference of 2 ⁇ / 3 and the intersection is fixed is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 shows a perforated rope in which strings are overlapped in a sine wave shape each having a phase difference of ⁇ and continuously crossed.
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be easily combined, easily unraveled, and has the property of not loosening or unraveling during use, so that even a person who is not familiar with ropework can easily handle it. Moreover, since it can couple
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be used for animals such as pet reeds, livestock heads and reins. Since the bond can be formed at an arbitrary position depending on the size of the animal, it is highly versatile.
- a perforated rope with a fixed part over the entire length can be joined at any position to form a ring, so that a collar is formed at one end, a trunk ring in the middle, and a human handle at the other end can do.
- the perforated rope and the eggplant of the present invention may be combined to connect the conventional collar fitting and the eggplant.
- the force applied by sudden and momentary movement is absorbed by the deformation of the opening, so that the shock to both the animal and the leader is mitigated and the breakage of the lead is suppressed.
- the perforated rope of the present invention can be easily grasped through the opening and a finger of a hand or a foot, and does not damage the finger inserted into the opening.
- the coupling portion is fixed by the opening portion and does not move, the formed ring cannot be squeezed. For this reason, it is suitable for lifesaving and mountain climbing. Even those who are not familiar with rope work can easily form a strong bond, which is suitable for outdoor use, cargo fastening, and vehicle towing. If it is properly connected, the inserted rope will not come out even if tension is applied, and the fixed part can be broken and know the limit before breaking, so for climbing, for vehicle towing, for ships, It can be applied to fisheries and sling.
- a perforated rope formed from a belt-like string is suitable for slinging because the rope does not roll and move.
- the perforated rope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned animals, life-saving, climbing, outdoor, loading, vehicle towing, marine, fishing, slinging, and is used for a wide range of applications. be able to.
- the design can be improved by changing the color of the string or changing the order of crossing, so that it can be used as a substitute for daily necessities such as straps for mobile phones, trousers and belts for bags.
- Nylon rope product name: nylon rope 8, manufactured by Mountain Ducks Co., Ltd.
- a Khan mantle structure is bent at the center, and is sine wave with a phase difference of ⁇ , and stacked so that the top and bottom are alternately switched at each intersection. In addition, they were continuously crossed and fused at the intersection.
- the fixing part was formed over the entire length of the rope.
- a tensile strength test was performed using a tensile compression tester (Strograph V10-C, manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.), the tensile strength of the nylon rope alone was 18.6 kN.
- the tip of the perforated rope was inserted into a continuous opening in the middle of the rope to form a ring.
- a collar serving as a collar and lead for a large dog was formed by forming a collar portion at one end of the perforated rope prepared in Example 1 and a handle portion at the other end.
- the collar portion was formed to fit the thickness of the dog's neck, and the tip of the rope was passed through five openings.
- the leather and metal parts peel off in 2 weeks to 1 month. Even a collar made of a metal chain breaks in about one month due to metal fatigue.
- a collar and a lead made of a perforated rope according to the present invention it does not break even after long-term use, and no deterioration other than fading is observed.
- the hair of the neck of the dog may come off or the part and the skin may rub against each other, resulting in injury. In this case, this situation does not occur.
Abstract
Description
そのため、特許文献1、2では、容易に結合するためのバックルが提案されているが、バックル、又はバックルとロープの取付部の強度は、ロープの強度よりも弱いため、ロープの強度を最大限に利用することができないという問題がある。
2.ロープ全長に渡って固着部が設けられていることを特徴とする1に記載された穴あきロープ。
3.穴あきロープを形成するひも一本の引張強度をP、穴あきロープを形成するひもの本数をnとしたときに、両隣の開口部のうち一方の開口部のみに他の穴あきロープが挿入された状態の固着部が、0.8nP~0.97nP本分の引張に対する破壊強度を有することを特徴とする1または2に記載された穴あきロープ。
4.前記二本のひもをπの位相差を有する正弦波状で重ねあわせるように連続交差させ、交差箇所で固着したことを特徴とする1~3のいずれかに記載された穴あきロープ。
5.前記二本のひもが、断面が略円形のひもであることを特徴とする1~4のいずれかに記載された穴あきロープ。
6.前記断面が略円形のひもがカーンマントル構造のひもであることを特徴とする5に記載された穴あきロープ。
7.前記二本のひもが帯状のひもであることを特徴とする、1~4のいずれかに記載された穴あきロープ。
8.前記開口部の長さが帯の幅の1.2倍から3倍となるように一定の間隔で固着されていることを特徴とする7に記載された穴あきロープ。
9.1~8のいずれかに記載された穴あきロープからなるペット用リード。
10.1~8のいずれかに記載された穴あきロープからなるクレーン用のスリング。
ペット用リードとして用いた場合、突発的、瞬間的な動作によって加わる力が開口部の変形により吸収されるので、動物、引率者の双方に対するショックが緩和され、リードの破損が抑制される。
クレーン用のスリングとして用いた場合は、穴あきロープを相互に通すことで容易に結合でき、結合は強固で解けない。特に帯状のひもを用いたベルトスリングは、安定して荷物を確保できるので安全性が高い。
2.内芯
3.固着部
A.挿入ロープ
B.被挿入ロープ
AT.挿入ロープの先端
b1~b4.被挿入ロープの開口部
wa.挿入ロープの固着部を中心とする狭幅部
wb.被挿入ロープの開口部を中心とする広幅部
本発明の穴あきロープを形成するひもは、特に限定されることなく使用することができる。ひもの材質、および太さは同じであることが好ましい。ひもの強度、および伸び率が異なると、穴あきロープとした際にバランスが悪く強度が低下するためである。二本のひもは、一本のひもを折り返したものでもよい。
固着方法は、限定されず、ひもの材質等に応じて適宜選択される。例えば、化学繊維製ロープであれば、融着、接着、縫製を採用することができる。天然繊維製ロープであれば、接着、縫製等を採用することができる。また、糸を撚ってひもを作成する際に、二本のひもを形成する糸を一定間隔で互いに編み込むことにより固着部を形成してもよい。
断面が略円形のひもの例は、カーンマントル構造のひも、三つ打、八つ打等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。カーンマントル構造のひもと三つ打が好ましく、カーンマントル構造のひもがより好ましい。三つ打はロープ表面の凹凸が大きく結合時に凹凸が噛みあうため、強固に結合することができる。カーンマントル構造のひもは内芯と外皮とからなり、屈曲性が全方向に一定であるため、穴あきロープとしたときに捻れにくい。カーンマントル構造のひもの外皮のみを固着すると、内芯の性能を低下させることなく穴あきロープに加工することができる。この際、固着部において、外皮は内芯に対して滑ることができるので、穴あきロープの捻れなどを吸収できる。他方、外皮とともに内芯の一部も固着すると、固着部の保型力が高まるため、変形に対する修復性が向上する。
カーンマントル構造のひもの構造を図1aに、三つ打のひもの構造を図1bに示す。カーンマントル構造のひもの外皮1は、袋編みされた鞘状である。内芯2は、多数の線状材で構成され、撚線あるいは束状にまとめられている。外皮1は、表面保護、耐摩耗性を分担し、内芯2は、抗線力などの強度を分担している。
本発明の穴あきロープは、二本のひもが一定の間隔で固着した少なくとも3つの固着部を有していればよい。三本以上のひもから形成することもできる。n本のひもは、2π/nの位相差を有する正弦波状となるように連続交差させ、交差箇所を固着して本発明の穴あきロープとすることができる。また、本発明の穴あきロープを形成するひもを、複数本の細紐から形成してもよい。例えば、二本の細紐を平行に並べて一本のひもに見立てて、二本の細紐からなるひもをそれぞれπの位相差を有する正弦波状で重ねあわせて連続交差させて穴あきロープを形成することができる。
本発明の穴あきロープは、交差箇所毎にひもの上下を入れ替えても、入れ替えなくてもよい。上下を入れ替えたものは、構造的にバランスがよく、意匠性にも優れる。上下を入れ替えていないものは、製造が簡便である。
図2は、断面が円形のカーンマントル構造のひもを折り返して二本のひもとした穴あきロープの例である。πの位相差を有する正弦波状となるように連続交差させ、交差箇所を固着した。図2aは交差箇所毎に交互に上下が入れ替わるように重ね合わせた穴あきロープの概略である。図2bは交差箇所で上下が入れ替わらずに重ね合わせた穴あきロープの概略である。図2cは、外皮のみが固着されている場合の固着部3の断面図である。
図3に、固着部を形成したロープの例を示す。図3aは、ロープの全長に渡って一定の間隔で固着部を形成した本発明の穴あきロープである。図3bは、ロープの両端側に一定の間隔で固着部を形成した本発明の穴あきロープである。
穴あきロープ先端を開口部毎に表裏となるように交互に4回通した様子を図4に示す。
開口部に挿入するロープは、開口部の大きさに適した径を有するものであれば特に限定されるものでない。固着部が形成されていない一般のロープも開口部に挿入して結合できる。本発明の穴あきロープを開口部に挿入することが好ましい。本発明の固着部が形成された穴あきロープ先端を、他の開口部に挿入すると、挿入ロープの固着部を中心とする狭幅部と被挿入ロープの開口部を中心とする広幅部とが噛み合うことで結合がさらに強まる。
図5に、穴あきロープの先端を他の穴あきロープの4箇所の開口部に挿入し、張力を加えた様子を示す。固着部が形成されている挿入ロープAの先端ATを被挿入ロープBの開口部4箇所(b1~b4)に挿入している。挿入ロープAの固着部を中心とする狭幅部waと被挿入ロープの開口部を中心とする広幅部wbとが噛みあって強固に結合している。穴あきロープと平行な方向に張力が加わると、2つの開口部に挿入しただけでも挿入したロープは抜けない。張力のかかる方向が一定でない場合は、3つ以上の開口部に挿入するとよい。挿入する開口部が増えるほど、接触面積増加によって最大静止摩擦力が大きくなる。
次に、本発明の穴あきロープの固着部近辺の強度について、場合分けして説明する。本発明の穴あきロープの開口部に他のロープを挿入して結合を作成したときの固着部の状態は次の(i)~(iii)に場合分けできる。
他のロープが挿入されていない本発明の穴あきロープの、張力が加わっていない状態を図6aに、張力が加わって伸長した状態を図6bに示す。張力が加わると穴あきロープが伸ばされ、固着部は捻れるように変形する。固着部には面内で捻れる力が加わるのみであり、固着面に対して垂直な方向の力、すなわち、固着部を剥がすように作用する力は働かない。この固着部を面内で捻る力は、固着面全体で受け止められる。固着部は強固に形成されていて固着部が回転する角度には上限があるため、捻る力により固着部が破壊されるより先に、固着部近辺の屈曲したひもが断裂する。
本発明の穴あきロープの複数の開口部に、別の穴あきロープを挿入した様子を図7に示す。固着部Aは両隣の開口部に穴あきロープが挿入されており、挿入したロープが障害となるため、張力が加わっても開口部を形作る二本のひもは完全に平行とはならない。上記(i)の固着部と比べて固着部Aが捻られる角度は小さく、固着部Aを捻るように働く力は小さいから、(i)の固着部よりも固着部Aは破壊されにくい。
また、挿入した穴あきロープの固着部Bには、上記(i)の固着部と同じ状態で張力が加わる。しかし、挿入した穴あきロープの伸びは、挿入された穴あきロープの伸びと等しいから、挿入した穴あきロープは開口部を形作る二本のひもが平行となるまで伸長しない。したがって、穴あきロープ単独で延伸した時と比べて固着部Bが捻られる角度は小さいから、固着部Bは破壊されにくい。
したがって、(ii)の固着部の方が(i)の固着部よりも強度に優れる。
本発明の穴あきロープのロープ先端をロープ途中部分の開口部に挿入して円環部を形成したときの分岐部分を図8に示す。固着部Cは隣接する開口部Ha、Hbのうち、一方の開口部Haのみに穴あきロープが挿入されている。ここで、固着部Cに加わる力を図9aに、固着部Cにおいて下側のひもに加わる力を図9bに、固着部Cにおいて上側のひもに加わる力を図9cに示す。固着部Cの下側のひもには張力f1と張力f4が加わり、上側のひもには張力f3と張力f2が加わる。張力f1の水平方向成分と、張力f3の水平方向成分とは等しく、これらは張力f4、f2それぞれと向きが逆で大きさが同じである。したがって、固着部Cの下側のひもが受ける合力は、図9bに示したf1+f4となる。同様に、固着部Cの上側のひもが受ける力は図9cに示したf3+f2となる。したがって、固着部Cには、固着面を面内でロープに対して垂直な方向にずらす方向の力が加わり、その大きさは張力f1、f3の傾きが大きいほど強くなる。固着部に作用する力の左右対称性が壊れているため、上記(i)、(ii)の固着部より、(iii)の固着部のほうが加わる力が大きくなり、破壊されやすい。
穴あきロープ全体の引張強度は、穴あきロープがn本のひもで形成されているときn×Pを超えることはない。本発明において、固着部の破壊強度がn×P以上であると、荷重がn×Pに達した時に穴あきロープが破断してしまう。固着部の破壊強度がn×Pより小さいと、穴あきロープが破断するより先に固着部が破壊される。固着部が破壊されても穴あきロープはまだ破断しないため、固着部が先に破壊されることにより穴あきロープの限界を知ることができ、ロープの破断という最悪の事態を防ぐことができる。安全性のマージンを考慮すると、固着部は、0.8nP~0.97nP本分の引張に対する破壊強度を有することが好ましく、0.9nP~0.95nP本分の引張に対する破壊強度を有することがより好ましい。
本発明の穴あきロープは、ペット用リード、家畜用の頭絡、手綱など動物用に使用することができる。動物の大きさに応じて任意の位置に結合を形成することができるので、汎用性が高い。また、全長に渡って固着部を形成した穴あきロープは任意の位置で結合して輪を形成できるため、片方の末端に首輪、途中に胴輪、もう一方の末端に人の持ち手を形成することができる。本発明の穴あきロープとナスカンを結合して、従来の首輪の金具とナスカンとを繋いでもよい。ペット用リードとした場合、突発的、瞬間的な動作によって加わる力が開口部の変形により吸収されるので、動物、引率者の双方に対するショックが緩和され、リードの破損が抑制される。
本発明の穴あきロープは、開口部に手や足の指を通して容易に掴まることができ、開口部に挿した指を傷めない。また、結合部が開口部により固定されて動かないため、形成された輪が絞られない。このため、人命救助用、登山用に好適である。
ロープワークに習熟していないものでも容易に強固な結合を形成することができるため、アウトドア用、荷締め用、車両牽引用に好適である。
適切に結合した状態であれば張力が加わっても挿入したロープが抜けることはなく、破断する前に固着部が破壊して限界を知ることができるため、登山用、車両牽引用、船舶用、漁業用、玉掛け用等に適用可能である。特に、帯状のひもから形成された穴あきロープはロープが転がって動くことがないため、玉掛け用に好適である。
本発明の穴あきロープは上記動物用、人命救助用、登山用、アウトドア用、荷締め用、車両牽引用、船舶用、漁業用、玉掛け用に限定されることなく、広範な用途に使用することができる。例えば、ひもの色を変えたり、交差の順序を変えたりすることで、意匠性を高めることができるため、携帯電話のストラップ、ズボンやバックのベルトといった日用品の代替として使用できる。
引張圧縮試験機(ストログラフV10-C、東洋精機株式会社製)を用いて引張強度試験を行ったところ、ナイロンロープ単独の引張強度は18.6kNであった。
穴あきロープの先端を、ロープ途中部分の連続する開口部に挿入して輪を形成した。分岐部の引張強度試験を行ったところ、両隣の開口部のうち、一方の開口部のみに穴あきロープが挿入された(iii)の状態の固着部が、34.3kNの荷重で破壊された。固着部が破壊されたときの荷重は、0.92×2×18.6(=34.3)で表される。さらに荷重を加えると、36.3kNの荷重でロープが破断した。挿入した穴あきロープが抜けて、結合部が解けることはなかった。
大型犬に使われる太い革ベルトによる首輪の場合、力の強い犬種では2週間から1か月で革と金属部分がはがれるなどして破断する。金属製のチェーンによる首輪であっても、金属疲労により1か月程度で破断する。本発明の穴あきロープからなる首輪とリードの場合には、長期間使用しても破断せず、色あせ以外の劣化が見られない。また、皮や金属などの固い材質を用いた首輪の場合、犬の首の部分の毛が抜けたり、部品の一部と皮膚とが擦れて怪我をしたりするが、本構成による首輪とリードの場合にはこのような事態は起こらない。
帯状のひもから構成したために伸展性が低く、クレーン作業のスリングに適している。また、略円形のロープの場合には物体を吊り下げたときに転がって動いてしまうが、帯状のひもで構成されたベルトスリングは物体の出っ張った部分でも包み覆うために固定しやすい。
Claims (10)
- 二本のひもを一定の間隔で固着した少なくとも3つの固着部と、隣接する固着部間に形成された開口部を有する穴あきロープ。
- ロープ全長に渡って固着部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の穴あきロープ。
- 穴あきロープを形成するひも一本の引張強度をP、穴あきロープを形成するひもの本数をnとしたときに、両隣の開口部のうち一方の開口部のみに他の穴あきロープが挿入された状態の固着部が、0.8nP~0.97nP本分の引張に対する破壊強度を有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の穴あきロープ。
- 前記二本のひもをπの位相差を有する正弦波状で重ねあわせるように連続交差させ、交差箇所で固着したことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載された穴あきロープ。
- 前記二本のひもが、断面が略円形のひもであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の穴あきロープ。
- 前記断面が略円形のひもがカーンマントル構造のひもであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の穴あきロープ。
- 前記二本のひもが帯状のひもであることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の穴あきロープ。
- 前記開口部の長さが帯の幅の1.2倍から3倍となるように一定の間隔で固着されていることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の穴あきロープ。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の穴あきロープからなるペット用リード。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の穴あきロープからなるクレーン用のスリング。
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JP5338018B1 (ja) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-11-13 | 純裕 松本 | バックルの代替が可能な自在固定穴あきロープ |
-
2012
- 2012-10-31 JP JP2012240108A patent/JP5338018B1/ja active Active
-
2013
- 2013-08-28 US US14/433,608 patent/US20150259852A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-08-28 WO PCT/JP2013/072988 patent/WO2014069083A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-08-28 EP EP13851040.9A patent/EP2915918A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-08-28 JP JP2014544359A patent/JP6224610B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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JPS5438153Y2 (ja) * | 1975-05-01 | 1979-11-14 | ||
JPH0611602U (ja) * | 1991-11-12 | 1994-02-15 | 株式会社ウラセ | 髪止め用紐 |
JP3029704U (ja) * | 1996-04-02 | 1996-10-11 | 訓 飯塚 | マルチ平型ロープ |
JP2005185598A (ja) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | East Japan Railway Co | 安全帯 |
JP2010270413A (ja) | 2009-05-21 | 2010-12-02 | Yamamoto Sealing Kogyo Kk | 腰ベルト |
JP2011142956A (ja) | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-28 | Monberu:Kk | バックル装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP2915918A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016059261A3 (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2016-06-09 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Low slip splice |
US10711398B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2020-07-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Low slip splice |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2915918A4 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
JP5338018B1 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
US20150259852A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
JPWO2014069083A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
JP2014132125A (ja) | 2014-07-17 |
EP2915918A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
JP6224610B2 (ja) | 2017-11-01 |
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