WO2014054112A1 - 三硫化アンチモンの製造方法 - Google Patents
三硫化アンチモンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014054112A1 WO2014054112A1 PCT/JP2012/075451 JP2012075451W WO2014054112A1 WO 2014054112 A1 WO2014054112 A1 WO 2014054112A1 JP 2012075451 W JP2012075451 W JP 2012075451W WO 2014054112 A1 WO2014054112 A1 WO 2014054112A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antimony
- sulfur
- trisulfide
- antimony trioxide
- vessel
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G30/00—Compounds of antimony
- C01G30/008—Sulfides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing antimony trisulfide used for brake pads and the like.
- antimony trisulfide on the market is processed from natural antimony trisulfide ore (Kyanite). That is, when natural antimony trisulfide ore is melted, antimony trisulfide settles, and impurities such as gangue rise and separate, so that antimony trisulfide can be recovered.
- antimony trisulfide can be produced by mixing and baking metal antimony powder and sulfur.
- Metal antimony can be produced, for example, according to Patent Document 1 below.
- antimony trisulfide is precipitated by adding antimony trioxide to an aqueous solution of sodium sulfide and passing hydrogen sulfide through this solution. This can be recovered and obtained.
- Antimony trioxide can be obtained, for example, by volatile oxidation refining as shown in Patent Document 2 below, and is widely distributed in the market as a fine powder.
- the above-mentioned method for producing antimony trisulfide from natural antimony trisulfide ore contains a relatively large amount of lead, arsenic, and crystalline silica (quartz) as impurities in the produced antimony trisulfide ore. In consideration of the work environment in the process, it is required to reduce these impurities.
- the above-mentioned method of producing from metal antimony powder is poor in reactivity because it separates and precipitates under dissolved sulfur of the metal powder.
- a metal antimony powder having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less obtained by pulverizing the antimony lump is used.
- the particle size of the metal antimony obtained by pulverizing the antimony lump is usually 20 to 30 ⁇ m, and 10 ⁇ m or less. It is very expensive to grind.
- the production method in which the antimony trioxide powder is added to the aqueous sodium sulfide solution and passed through hydrogen sulfide is more expensive than the production method from the metal antimony powder.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing antimony trisulfide which can be produced at a low cost with relatively few impurities such as lead, arsenic and crystalline silica.
- the present invention is a method for producing antimony trisulfide, wherein antimony trioxide powder and sulfur are charged into a reaction vessel, and the inside of the vessel is heated to react with antimony trioxide and sulfur.
- antimony trioxide is obtained by volatile oxidation refining, the particle size is small, the specific surface area is large, and the reactivity is good.
- high-purity products with few impurities such as lead, arsenic and crystalline silica can be easily obtained, and by using high-purity antimony trioxide as a raw material, low-impurity antimony trisulfide can be produced at low cost. Can do.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the conventional production of antimony trisulfide from metal antimony powder and sulfur powder.
- the left side is a state in which a raw material 3 ′ mixed with metal antimony powder and sulfur powder is charged into the reaction vessel 20, and the right side. Is a state where sulfur is melted by heating. Since the specific gravity of liquid sulfur (about 1.8) is much smaller than the specific gravity of metal antimony (about 6.7), metal antimony tends to be precipitated in liquid sulfur. Unreacted metal antimony that does not come into contact with sulfur tends to remain in the lower part of the metal.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the production of antimony trisulfide from the antimony trioxide powder and sulfur powder of the present invention, and the left side is a state in which the raw material 3 mixed with antimony trioxide powder and sulfur powder is charged in the reaction vessel 20; On the right side, this is heated to melt the sulfur.
- the specific gravity of antimony trioxide (about 5.2) is larger than the specific gravity of liquid sulfur (about 1.8), but smaller than the specific gravity of metal antimony (about 6.7), and antimony trioxide and liquid sulfur. Due to the reaction, sulfur dioxide gas bubbles 4 are generated and stirred, so that antimony trioxide is hardly precipitated in the liquid sulfur, and unreacted antimony trioxide hardly remains.
- the average particle size of the antimony trioxide powder is preferably 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter in the present invention is a specific surface area sphere equivalent diameter determined based on a specific surface area determined by a specific surface area measurement method of a powder (solid) by a JIS Z8830 gas adsorption method.
- the heating temperature in the reaction vessel is preferably 250 to 700 ° C. If the heating temperature is less than 250 ° C., the sulfur is melted and the reaction starts slowly, and the temperature exceeding 700 ° C. is unnecessary and wastes energy.
- the amount of sulfur can be made larger than the stoichiometric amount of the product, and the inside of the reaction vessel can be heated after being filled with an inert gas.
- the stoichiometric amount is 9 mol of sulfur with respect to 2 mol of antimony trioxide, but the blending amount is desirably about 10 to 11 mol of sulfur with respect to 2 mol of antimony trioxide. By doing so, there is almost no possibility that unreacted antimony trioxide remains in the manufactured antimony trisulfide.
- the reaction vessel can be provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen is introduced from the inlet to fill the container with the inert gas.
- an antimony trisulfide is produced
- purging may be performed by constantly flowing an inert gas into the container. By doing in this way, it can prevent that antimony reacts with oxygen in the air.
- the produced antimony trisulfide can be heated to its melting point or higher to be melted and discharged as a liquid from the container, and the discharged liquid antimony sulfide can be cooled and solidified.
- the melting point of antimony trisulfide is 550 ° C.
- antimony trisulfide having relatively few impurities such as lead, arsenic and crystalline silica can be easily produced at low cost.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of manufacturing equipment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the container part 2 of the manufacturing facility 1. It is explanatory drawing of the temperature in reaction container in this invention embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the relationship between the quantity of raw material sulfur, and a reaction rate. It is explanatory drawing of antimony trisulfide manufacture from metal antimony powder and sulfur powder. It is explanatory drawing of antimony trisulfide manufacture from antimony trioxide powder and sulfur powder.
- the manufacturing facility 1 includes a container part 2, a table 10, a support part 11, and a cylinder 12.
- the container part 2 is rotatably supported by the rotation shaft 11 a of the support part 11 and is rotated by the cylinder 12.
- the container part 2 has a reaction vessel (crucible) 20, an electric furnace 21, and a lid 22, and the reaction vessel 20 is mounted in the electric furnace 21 and heated by a heater 21a.
- the lid 22 is made of glass wool, for example, and is detachable. Quartz tubes 23, 24 are provided through the lid 22, the tip of the quartz tube 23 is an inert gas (nitrogen gas) inlet 23 a, and the tip of the quartz tube 24 is a gas outlet 24 a in the reaction vessel. ing.
- the quartz tube 24 is connected to a desulfurization apparatus (not shown), and the gas flowing out from the reaction vessel is desulfurized.
- reference numeral 20a denotes a manufactured antimony trisulfide outlet
- reference numeral 3 denotes a raw material.
- antimony trioxide fine powder and sulfur powder were mixed at a weight ratio of 5: 3 (molar ratio 2: 10.9).
- Sulfur having a particle size of less than 90 ⁇ m was used.
- a lid 22 is attached as shown in FIG. 3, nitrogen gas is caused to flow into the reaction vessel 20 from the quartz tube 23, and the air in the vessel 20 is completely converted to nitrogen gas. Replaced. Thereafter, heating by an electric furnace was started. As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature in the reaction vessel 20 rapidly increased to about 580 ° C. due to reaction heat after reaching 400 ° C. After about 2 hours from the start of heating, the remaining sulfur was almost completely vaporized, so nitrogen gas was introduced into the reaction vessel 20 from the quartz tube 23, and the sulfur gas in the vessel was completely discharged. Thereafter, the lid 23 was removed, and the container part 2 was rotated as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2 to take out the molten antimony trisulfide from the discharge port 20a and solidify by natural cooling.
- the antimony trisulfide produced as described above was crushed into powder and subjected to component analysis. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the comparative example is an example of antimony trisulfide produced from a conventional natural antimony trisulfide ore.
- the antimony trisulfide produced according to the present invention has very few impurities such as lead, arsenic, and crystalline silica as compared with the comparative example.
- the amount of antimony trioxide and free sulfur remaining in the product is also small.
- the amount of sulfur is 1.0 times, 1.1 times the stoichiometric amount (stoichiometric amount), and 1.
- Antimony trisulfide was produced by changing it to 2 times and 1.3 times, and the reaction rate (mass% of antimony trisulfide in the product) was examined. The result is shown in FIG.
- the reaction rate is about 95% at 1.1 times, over 98% at 1.2 times, and the increase in reaction rate between 1.2 times and 1.3 times is very slight, so the amount of sulfur is About 1.1 to 1.3 times is suitable, centering on 1.2 times.
- Table 2 compares the reaction rates in the examples in which the average particle size of antimony trioxide as a raw material was 0.4 ⁇ m, 1.2 ⁇ m, and 7.1 ⁇ m, and in a comparative example using metal antimony and sulfur powder as raw materials. Is. The amount of sulfur was all about 1.2 times the stoichiometric amount. As is apparent from the table, the reaction rate of the example is much better than that of the comparative example.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2Sb2O3 + 9S = 2Sb2S3 + 3SO2
図6は、従来の、金属アンチモン粉末と硫黄粉末からの三硫化アンチモン製造の説明図で、左側は反応容器20内に金属アンチモン粉末と硫黄粉末を混合した原料3’を装入した状態、右側は、これを加熱して硫黄が溶融した状態である。液体硫黄の比重(約1.8)は、金属アンチモンの比重(約6.7)に比べて非常に小さいので、金属アンチモンは液体硫黄の中に沈殿した状態となりやすく、その結果、反応容器20の下部に硫黄と接触しない未反応の金属アンチモンが残りやすくなる。
本発明における平均粒径は、JIS Z8830 気体吸着法による粉体(固体)の比表面積測定方法によって求められた比表面積を基に求めた比表面積球相当径である。
化学量論的量は、三酸化アンチモン2モルに対して硫黄9モルであるが、配合量は、三酸化アンチモン2モルに対して硫黄10~11モル程度にすることが望ましい。
このようにすることで、製造した三硫化アンチモン中に未反応の三酸化アンチモンが残留するおそれがほとんどなくなる。
なお、容器内を加熱して三硫化アンチモンを生成させているときも、絶えず不活性ガスを容器内に流入させてパージを行ってもよい。
このようにすることで、アンチモンが空気中の酸素と反応するのを防ぐことができる。
このようにすることで、反応容器を用いて連続して三硫化アンチモンを製造することができる。
表1に示されるように、本発明により製造した三硫化アンチモンは、比較例に比べて鉛、ヒ素、結晶性シリカなどの不純物が非常に少ない。また、反応性がよいので製品中に残留している三酸化アンチモン及び遊離硫黄の量も僅かである。
同表に明らかなように、実施例は比較例よりも反応率が格段に優れている。
10 台
11 支持部
11a 回動軸
12 シリンダ
2 容器部
20 反応容器
21 電気炉
21a ヒータ
22 蓋
23 石英管
23a 流入口
24 石英管
24a 流出口
3 原料
4 亜硫酸ガスの泡
Claims (6)
- 反応容器内に三酸化アンチモン粉末及び硫黄を装入し、該容器内を加熱して三酸化アンチモンと硫黄を反応させることを特徴とする三硫化アンチモンの製造方法。
- 前記三酸化アンチモン粉末の平均粒径が2μm以下である請求項1に記載の三硫化アンチモンの製造方法。
- 前記反応容器内の加熱温度が250~700℃である請求項1又は2に記載の三硫化アンチモンの製造方法。
- 前記硫黄の量を、生成物の化学量論的量よりも多くし、前記反応容器内を不活性ガスで満たした後に該容器内を加熱する請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の三硫化アンチモンの製造方法。
- 前記反応容器がガス流入口とガス流出口を有し、該容器の加熱前に該流入口から不活性ガスを流入させて該容器内を不活性ガスで満たし、該容器内で三硫化アンチモンの生成が完了した後に該流入口から不活性ガスを流入させ、該容器内のガスを該流出口から排出させる請求項4に記載の三硫化アンチモンの製造方法。
- 前記反応容器内において、生成した三硫化アンチモンをその融点以上まで加熱して溶融させ、液体として該容器から排出し、排出した液体硫化アンチモンを冷却凝固させる請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の三硫化アンチモンの製造方法。
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US14/432,798 US9926205B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2012-10-02 | Method for producing antimony trisulfide |
PCT/JP2012/075451 WO2014054112A1 (ja) | 2012-10-02 | 2012-10-02 | 三硫化アンチモンの製造方法 |
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JPH03237018A (ja) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-10-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 三硫化アンチモン合成用原料の封入方法 |
CN101786661A (zh) * | 2010-03-09 | 2010-07-28 | 湘潭大学 | 一种硫化锑纳米棒的制备方法 |
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JPH06322455A (ja) | 1993-05-14 | 1994-11-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 金属アンチモンの製造方法 |
JPH06329417A (ja) | 1993-05-26 | 1994-11-29 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 三酸化アンチモンの製造方法 |
CN1103895A (zh) * | 1994-08-27 | 1995-06-21 | 周磊 | 一种用氧化锑矿、硫氧混合锑矿生产三氧化二锑粉的方法 |
JP3994435B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-28 | 2007-10-17 | ニプロ株式会社 | 照明用ガラスおよび着色ガラスバルブ、ならびにその製造方法 |
JP2009164215A (ja) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-23 | Fujifilm Corp | 放射線画像検出装置および放射線画像検出器の製造方法 |
US8801979B2 (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2014-08-12 | State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Apparatus and method for continuous production of materials |
CN102126755A (zh) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-07-20 | 贵州正业工程技术投资有限公司 | 用高频等离子体法生产纳米三氧化二锑的方法和装置 |
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JPH01203255A (ja) * | 1988-02-10 | 1989-08-16 | Poritoronikusu:Kk | 超伝導用セラミクス |
JPH03237018A (ja) * | 1990-02-14 | 1991-10-22 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | 三硫化アンチモン合成用原料の封入方法 |
CN101786661A (zh) * | 2010-03-09 | 2010-07-28 | 湘潭大学 | 一种硫化锑纳米棒的制备方法 |
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JP5305495B1 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
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