WO2014050025A1 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014050025A1 WO2014050025A1 PCT/JP2013/005506 JP2013005506W WO2014050025A1 WO 2014050025 A1 WO2014050025 A1 WO 2014050025A1 JP 2013005506 W JP2013005506 W JP 2013005506W WO 2014050025 A1 WO2014050025 A1 WO 2014050025A1
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/451—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising layers of only organic material and layers containing inorganic material
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the present invention is a non-aqueous electrolyte having excellent cycle characteristics and a large initial capacity, in which silicon or a silicon compound is mixed with a graphite material as a means for increasing the capacity of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and used as a negative electrode active material.
- the present invention relates to a secondary battery.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries such as these have been increasingly used.
- non-water storage battery systems such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation are also used for stationary storage battery systems such as applications for suppressing output fluctuations and grid power peak shift applications for storing power during the daytime.
- the use of electrolyte secondary batteries is increasing.
- carbonaceous materials such as graphite and amorphous carbon have a discharge potential comparable to that of lithium metal or lithium alloy, but dendrite grows. Therefore, it is widely used because it has excellent properties such as high safety, excellent initial efficiency, good potential flatness, and high density.
- a negative electrode active material made of a carbon material lithium can only be inserted up to the composition of LiC 6 and the theoretical capacity is 372 mAh / g, which is an obstacle to increasing the capacity of the battery. Yes.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using silicon or silicon alloy or silicon oxide alloyed with lithium as a negative electrode active material having high energy density per mass and volume has been developed.
- silicon can insert lithium up to the composition of Li 4.4 Si
- the theoretical capacity is 4200 mAh / g, and a capacity much larger than that when a carbon material is used as the negative electrode active material can be expected.
- silicon or a silicon alloy, silicon oxide, or the like is used as the negative electrode active material of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the negative electrode active material undergoes large expansion / contraction as the charge / discharge cycle progresses.
- the material may be pulverized or fall off the conductive network.
- Patent Document 1 contains, as a negative electrode, a material containing silicon and oxygen as constituent elements (however, the element ratio x of oxygen to silicon is 0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.5) and graphite And the ratio of the material containing silicon and oxygen as constituent elements is 3 to 20 when the total of the material and graphite containing silicon and oxygen as constituent elements is 100 mass%.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using a mass% is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 listed below coats inorganic particles for the purpose of obtaining a lithium secondary battery excellent in charge / discharge cycle characteristics in a lithium secondary battery using a negative electrode active material in which silicon or a silicon compound and graphite are mixed. An example using the separator is shown.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 it is possible to suppress deterioration of battery characteristics due to the volume change while using silicon oxide having a high capacity and a large volume change accompanying charge / discharge. Therefore, there is an effect that good battery characteristics can be secured without greatly changing the configuration of the conventional nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the lithium secondary battery disclosed in Patent Document 2 that is, the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a temporary improvement in cycle characteristics is achieved by employing a separator having a specific configuration. .
- silicon or silicon compounds such as SiOx have a volume change by charging / discharging about twice as large as that of graphite material.
- these negative electrode active materials contain silicon compounds such as silicon or SiOx
- the non-aqueous electrolyte is discharged from the wound electrode body due to large expansion / contraction of the negative electrode active material during the first charge. Will occur.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte cannot be held in the wound electrode body, there is a problem that the cycle characteristics are deteriorated.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not suggest anything about the cycle characteristics when a negative electrode active material in which silicon or a silicon compound such as SiOx is mixed with graphite is used.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and in the case where silicon or a silicon compound and a graphite material are mixed and used as a negative electrode active material, the cycle characteristics are excellent,
- An object is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a large initial capacity.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode plate including a positive electrode mixture layer containing a positive electrode active material capable of inserting and extracting lithium ions, and inserting and extracting lithium ions.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode mixture layer containing a negative electrode active material capable of being formed, a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolyte
- the negative electrode active material comprises a graphite material, silicon Or a mixture with a silicon compound
- the separator is a polyolefin microporous film comprising polyethylene as an essential component and comprising at least two laminated films, and at least a surface layer on the side facing the negative electrode plate is coated with inorganic particles. Is contained.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention contains a graphite material and silicon or a silicon compound as a negative electrode active material.
- silicon or silicon compound has a theoretical capacity value larger than that of the graphite material. Therefore, according to the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention, the battery capacity can be made larger than that of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery using the negative electrode active material made of only the graphite material.
- the separator used in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention is a polyolefin microporous film comprising polyethylene as an essential component and comprising at least two laminated films, and at least the side facing the negative electrode plate
- the surface layer contains inorganic particles.
- polyethylene is included as an essential component in the separator, the lithium ion permeability and the shutdown characteristics when the temperature rises are excellent.
- inorganic particles are contained in at least the surface layer facing the negative electrode plate of the separator, the liquid retention property of the separator is improved, and even if the negative electrode active material expands during charging, it does not remain in the separator. It becomes possible to hold the water electrolyte.
- the rigidity of the separator is improved by using a separator in which a layer containing inorganic particles is arranged on the surface layer on the negative electrode plate side, the negative electrode when the negative electrode active material repeatedly expands and contracts during charge and discharge Since the effect of suppressing the volume change of the electrode plate is also exhibited, the effect of holding the non-aqueous electrolyte in the separator becomes remarkable.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention the above-mentioned electrolyte solution holding effect and the volume change suppressing effect of the negative electrode plate are combined, and as a negative electrode active material, graphite material, silicon or silicon compound Even in the case of using a battery containing non-aqueous electrolyte, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a high capacity and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
- the coating is performed by adding a dispersant, a thickener, and a binder. These additions impede charge / discharge performance. Therefore, in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention, better cycle characteristics than the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery disclosed in Patent Document 2 can be obtained.
- the content of inorganic particles in the surface layer on the side facing the negative electrode plate of the separator is 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. preferable.
- the content of the inorganic particles in the surface layer on the side facing the negative electrode plate of the separator is less than 1% by mass, the effect of adding the inorganic particles is not achieved. Further, if the content of the inorganic particles in the surface layer on the side facing at least the negative electrode plate of the separator exceeds 40% by mass, the mechanical strength of the separator is adversely affected, and film formation becomes difficult, which is not preferable. .
- the content of the inorganic particles in the surface layer on the side facing the negative electrode plate is more preferably 2.5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less.
- the inorganic particles are preferably at least one of oxides or nitrides of silicon, aluminum, and titanium. Since these inorganic particles are electrically insulating, stable in a non-aqueous electrolyte, and have a high hardness, the above-described effects are favorably achieved.
- the content of the silicon or silicon compound is preferably 1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with respect to the negative electrode active material. Increasing the capacity can be realized by including silicon or a silicon compound in the negative electrode active material.
- the silicon compound is preferably silicon oxide represented by SiOx (0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.6).
- SiOx silicon oxide represented by SiOx (0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.6)
- high capacity and good cycle characteristics can be obtained.
- a compound capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions can be used as a positive electrode active material which can be used in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention.
- a lithium cobalt composite oxide added with a different metal element such as zirconium, magnesium, or aluminum can be used.
- nonaqueous solvent in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution examples include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), and fluorine.
- cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), and fluorine.
- Cyclic carbonate ester cyclic carboxylic acid ester such as ⁇ -butyrolactone ( ⁇ -BL), ⁇ -valerolactone ( ⁇ -VL); dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) Chain carbonates such as methylpropyl carbonate (MPC) and dibutyl carbonate (DBC); fluorinated chain carbonates; chains such as methyl pivalate, ethyl pivalate, methyl isobutyrate, and methyl propionate Carboxylic acid ester; N, N′-dimethylform Amide or, N- methyl oxazolidone amide compound, dimethylsulfoxide or the like; may be used tetrafluoroboric acid 1-ethyl-3- ambient temperature molten salt such as methyl imidazolium and the like; sulfur compounds such as sulfolane. Moreover, you may make it use these in mixture of 2 or more types.
- a lithium salt generally used as an electrolyte salt in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be used.
- lithium salt examples include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), LiBF 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN ( CF 3 SO 2) (C 4 F 9 SO 2), LiC (CF 3 SO 2) 3, LiC (C 2 F 5 SO 2) 3, LiAsF 6, LiClO 4, Li 2 B 10 Cl 10, Li 2 B 12 Cl 12 or the like can be used singly or as a mixture of a plurality of them.
- LiPF 6 is particularly preferable.
- the amount of electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 mol / L.
- non-aqueous electrolyte solution of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention for example, vinylene carbonate (VC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), succinic anhydride (SUCAH), maleic anhydride as an electrode stabilizing compound.
- Acid MAAH
- glycolic anhydride ethylene sulfite (ES), divinyl sulfone (VS), vinyl acetate (VA), vinyl pivalate (VP), catechol carbonate, biphenyl (BP), etc.
- ES ethylene sulfite
- VA divinyl sulfone
- VA vinyl acetate
- VP vinyl pivalate
- catechol carbonate catechol carbonate
- biphenyl (BP) catechol carbonate
- BP biphenyl
- FIG. 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of a prismatic nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery common to each example and comparative example.
- the positive electrode active material used consisted of a mixture of different element-added lithium cobalt oxide and cobalt-containing layered lithium manganese nickelate.
- the different element-added lithium cobalt oxide was prepared as follows.
- lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) was used for the lithium source, and 0.2 mol% of Zr and 0.5 mol% of Mg were added to the cobalt source as different elements during the synthesis of cobalt carbonate.
- Zr and Mg-added tricobalt tetroxide (Co 3 O 4 ) obtained by coprecipitation from an aqueous solution and then obtained by a thermal decomposition reaction were used.
- the cobalt-containing layered lithium manganese nickelate was prepared as follows. As a starting material, Li 2 CO 3 was used as the lithium source, and a coprecipitated hydroxide represented by Ni 0.33 Mn 0.33 Co 0.34 (OH) 2 was used as the transition metal source. These were weighed and mixed in predetermined amounts, and then fired at 1000 ° C. for 20 hours in an air atmosphere to obtain a cobalt-containing layered lithium manganese nickelate represented by LiMn 0.33 Ni 0.33 Co 0.34 O 2. Obtained. This was pulverized to an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m with a mortar to obtain a positive electrode active material B.
- the positive electrode active material A and the positive electrode active material B obtained as described above were mixed so that the mass ratio was 7: 3.
- the mixed positive electrode active material was 94 parts by mass, and carbon powder as a conductive agent.
- PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- This positive electrode mixture slurry was applied to both sides of a 15 ⁇ m thick aluminum positive electrode current collector by a doctor blade method and dried to form a positive electrode mixture layer on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector. Then, it compressed using the compression roller and produced the positive electrode plate whose length of a short side is 36.5 mm.
- SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
- This negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both surfaces of a copper foil current collector having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m by a doctor blade method and dried to form a negative electrode mixture layer on both surfaces of the negative electrode current collector. Then, it compressed using the compression roller and obtained the negative electrode plate whose short side length is 37.5 mm.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte is LiPF 6 in a mixed solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), and methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC) are mixed at a volume ratio of 20/30/50 at 25 ° C. It was prepared by dissolving to a mol / liter.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC diethyl carbonate
- MEC methyl ethyl carbonate
- the materials described below are mixed so that a layer containing inorganic particles is disposed on the surface layer on both sides or a two-layer separator disposed on only one side, and the materials described below are mixed, and each layer is coextruded while kneading and heating and melting.
- the separator was stretched to produce separators used in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- the layer containing inorganic particles was prepared by mixing a polyethylene mixture, an inorganic material (silica), and a plasticizer, and the other layers were prepared by mixing a polyethylene mixture and a plasticizer.
- the separators of Comparative Examples 1 and 4 that do not contain inorganic particles are extruded while kneading and heating and melting a polyethylene mixture and a plasticizer, molded into a sheet, and then the plasticizer is extracted, removed, dried, and stretched. Produced.
- the significance of including polyethylene as an essential component in the separator is to improve the lithium ion permeability and to provide shutdown properties that melt when the temperature inside the battery rises to reduce the pore size of the separator. It is.
- the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate manufactured as described above are wound in a state of being insulated from each other via a separator, and a polypropylene tape is attached to the outermost periphery to produce a cylindrical wound electrode body, which is then crushed. Thus, a flat wound electrode body was produced.
- FIG. 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of a rectangular nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery common to the examples and the comparative examples.
- This rectangular non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 includes a flat wound electrode body 14 in which a positive electrode plate 11 and a negative electrode plate 12 are wound via a separator 13, a rectangular battery outer can 15, and this battery.
- a sealing plate 16 for sealing the outer can 15 is provided, and the wound electrode body 14 is accommodated in an internal space sealed by the battery outer can 15 and the sealing plate 16.
- the positive electrode plate 11 includes a positive electrode mixture layer containing a positive electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions.
- the negative electrode plate 12 includes a negative electrode mixture layer containing a negative electrode active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions.
- the wound electrode body 14 is wound so that, for example, the positive electrode plate 11 is exposed at the outermost periphery, and the exposed outermost positive electrode plate 11 is the inner surface of the battery outer can 15 that also serves as a positive electrode terminal. Is directly connected to the battery outer can 15.
- the negative electrode plate 12 is electrically connected through a negative electrode tab 19 to a negative electrode terminal 18 attached to the center of the sealing plate 16 via an insulator 17.
- An insulating spacer 20 is disposed between the upper end of the wound electrode body 14 and the sealing plate 16. For this reason, the battery outer can 15 and the negative electrode plate 12 electrically connected to the positive electrode plate 11 are electrically insulated, and a short circuit between the battery outer can 15 and the negative electrode plate 12 is prevented. .
- the arrangement of the positive electrode plate 11 and the negative electrode plate 12 may be reversed.
- the wound electrode body 14 is inserted into the battery outer can 15, the sealing plate 16 is laser welded to the opening of the battery outer can 15, and then the electrolysis of the sealing plate 16 is performed. A non-aqueous electrolyte was injected from the liquid injection hole 21 and the electrolyte injection hole 21 was sealed.
- capacitance of the produced square nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery is 800 mAh.
- the content (mass%) of silicon oxide represented by SiOx (x 1) in the negative electrode active material,
- the inorganic particle content (% by mass) in the separator is summarized in Table 1.
- the inorganic particle-containing layer be disposed at least on the surface facing the negative electrode plate. it is obvious.
- Examples 1 to 10 above examples were shown in which silica was used as the inorganic compound to be contained in at least the surface layer facing the negative electrode plate of the separator.
- this inorganic compound any material can be selected and used as long as it is electrically insulating, hardly reacts in a non-aqueous electrolyte, is stable, and has high hardness. And at least one of oxides and nitrides of titanium.
- Comparative Example 5 In the above Examples 1 to 10, the example using the separator in which the layer containing the inorganic particles is arranged on the surface layer is shown. As Comparative Example 5, both sides of the negative electrode side and the positive electrode side of the separator were confirmed in the same manner as in the case of the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 in order to confirm the difference from the case where the inorganic particles were coated on the surface of the separator. In addition, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery using silica coated with inorganic particles together with a dispersant, a thickener and a binder was prepared.
- the inorganic particle content of the coating layer is about 95% by mass of the coating layer. All other conditions are the same as in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of Example 5.
- Table 2 shows the capacity remaining rate after cycling and the initial capacity of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of Comparative Example 5 produced in this manner, together with the results of Example 5.
- Example 5 when using a separator in which a layer containing inorganic particles is arranged on the surface layer on the negative electrode plate side, there is no hindrance to charge / discharge performance due to the addition of a dispersant, a thickener, a binder, Therefore, in the case of Example 5, compared with the case of Comparative Example 5, the charge / discharge reaction was improved, and it was considered that a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery excellent in both cycle characteristics and initial capacity was obtained. It is done.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery 11 Positive electrode plate 12 . Negative electrode plate 13 ... Separator 14 ... Winding electrode body 15 ... Battery outer casing 16 ... Sealing plate 17 ... Insulator 18 . Negative electrode terminal 19 ... Negative electrode tab 20 ... Insulating spacer 21 ... Electrolyte injection hole
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Abstract
Description
正極活物質は、異種元素添加コバルト酸リチウムとコバルト含有層状マンガンニッケル酸リチウムの混合物からなるものを用いた。異種元素添加コバルト酸リチウムは次のようにして調製した。出発原料としては、リチウム源には炭酸リチウム(Li2CO3)を用い、コバルト源には炭酸コバルト合成時に異種元素としてZrをCoに対して0.2mol%及びMgを0.5mol%添加した水溶液から共沈させ、その後、熱分解反応によって得られたZr及びMg添加四酸化三コバルト(Co3O4)を用いた。これらを所定量ずつ秤量して混合した後、空気雰囲気下において850℃で24時間焼成し、Zr及びMg添加コバルト酸リチウムを得た。これを乳鉢で平均粒径14μmまで粉砕し、正極活物質Aとした。
組成がSiOx(x=1)の粒子を粉砕・分級して粒度を調整した後、約1000℃に昇温し、アルゴン雰囲気下でのCVD法によりこの粒子の表面を炭素で被覆した。そして、これを解砕・分級し、SiOxとして表される酸化ケイ素活物質を調製した。なお、SiOx粒子を炭素で被覆する方法については、種々の周知の方法を採用することができる。また、SiOx粒子を炭素で被覆する処理については省略してもよい。
非水電解液は、25℃において、エチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチルカーボネート(DEC)とメチルエチルカーボネート(MEC)とを体積比20/30/50の割合で混合した混合溶媒に、LiPF6を1モル/リットルとなるように溶解して調製した。
無機粒子を含む層を両側の表面層に配置した3層セパレータあるいは片側にのみ配置した2層セパレータとなるように、後述の各材料を混合し、各々の層を混練・加熱溶融しながら共押出法を用いて、シートに成形した後、延伸して実施例1~10及び比較例1~4で使用するセパレータを作製した。なお、無機粒子を含む層は、ポリエチレン混合物と、無機物(シリカ)と、可塑剤とを混合して作製し、それ以外の層はポリエチレン混合物と可塑剤を混合して作製した。さらに、無機粒子を含まない比較例1及び4のセパレータは、ポリエチレン混合物と、可塑剤とを混練・加熱溶融しながら押し出し、シートに成形した後、上記可塑剤を抽出除去・乾燥・延伸して作製した。なお、セパレータにポリエチレンを必須成分として含有させる意義は、リチウムイオンの透過性を良好にすることと、電池内部の温度が上昇した際に溶融してセパレータの孔径を小さくするシャットダウン性を付与するためである。
上記のようにして作製した正極極板及び負極極板をセパレータを介して互いに絶縁した状態で巻回し、最外周にポリプロピレン製のテープを張り付けて円筒状の巻回電極体を作製し、押し潰すことによって偏平状の巻回電極体を作製した。
(サイクル特性)
25℃において、1It=800mAの定電流で電池電圧が4.4Vに達するまで充電した後、4.4Vの定電圧で充電電流が20mAに達するまで充電を行った。その後、1It=800mAの定電流で電池電圧が3.0Vに達するまで放電し、このときの放電容量を初期容量として求めた。これを1サイクルとして、300サイクル繰り返し、300サイクル目の放電容量を求めた。そして、以下の計算式により、サイクル後残存容量率として求めた。初期容量及びサイクル後残存容量の結果をまとめて表1に示した。
サイクル後残存容量率
=(300サイクル目の放電容量/初期容量)×100
上記実施例1~10では、無機粒子含有する層を表層に配置したセパレータを用いた例を示した。比較例5としては、無機粒子をセパレータの表面にコーティングした場合との差異を確認するため、上記特許文献2に開示されている発明の場合と同様にして、セパレータの負極側及び正極側の両面に、無機粒子としてのシリカを分散剤、増粘剤及びバインダーと共にコーティングしたものを用いた非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
11…正極極板
12…負極極板
13…セパレータ
14…巻回電極体
15…電池外装缶
16…封口板
17…絶縁体
18…負極端子
19…負極タブ
20…絶縁スペーサ
21…電解液注液孔
Claims (5)
- リチウムイオンの吸蔵・放出が可能な正極活物質を含む正極合剤層を備えた正極極板と、リチウムイオンの吸蔵・放出が可能な負極活物質を含む負極合剤層を備えた負極極板と、セパレータと、非水電解液と、を備える非水電解質二次電池において、
前記負極活物質は、黒鉛材料と、ケイ素又はケイ素化合物との混合物であり、
前記セパレータは、
ポリエチレンを必須成分として含み、少なくとも2層の積層フィルムからなるポリオレフィン微多孔膜であり、
少なくとも負極極板と対向する側の表面層には無機粒子が含有されていることを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記セパレータの前記少なくとも負極極板と対向する側の表面層中の無機粒子の含有量は、2.5質量%以上40質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記無機粒子は、ケイ素、アルミニウム及びチタンの酸化物ないし窒化物の少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記ケイ素またはケイ素化合物の含有量は、負極活物質中に対して1質量%以上20質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
- 前記ケイ素化合物は、SiOx(0.5≦x<1.6)で表される酸化ケイ素であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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US14/411,040 US20150188107A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2013-09-18 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
JP2014538153A JPWO2014050025A1 (ja) | 2012-09-27 | 2013-09-18 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
CN201380050625.2A CN104704669A (zh) | 2012-09-27 | 2013-09-18 | 非水电解质二次电池 |
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Cited By (2)
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JP2016085838A (ja) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-05-19 | Tdk株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2019091630A (ja) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-06-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 非水電解液二次電池 |
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WO2018094303A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-24 | Mossey Creek Technologies, Inc. | Thixotropic nanoparticle silicon anodes and deoxygenated lithium metal oxide cathodes |
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