WO2014014083A1 - 活性粒子を含有する樹脂組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
活性粒子を含有する樹脂組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014014083A1 WO2014014083A1 PCT/JP2013/069645 JP2013069645W WO2014014083A1 WO 2014014083 A1 WO2014014083 A1 WO 2014014083A1 JP 2013069645 W JP2013069645 W JP 2013069645W WO 2014014083 A1 WO2014014083 A1 WO 2014014083A1
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- dispersion medium
- active particles
- oxygen
- resin
- thermoplastic resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/201—Pre-melted polymers
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/203—Solid polymers with solid and/or liquid additives
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/205—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase
- C08J3/2053—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the additives only being premixed with a liquid phase
- C08J3/2056—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the additives only being premixed with a liquid phase the polymer being pre-melted
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/014—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light or ozone
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/12—Polypropene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/0856—Iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/012—Additives improving oxygen scavenging properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a resin composition in which active particles capable of reacting with oxygen in an atmosphere are dispersed in a thermoplastic resin. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing active particles in a thermoplastic resin safely and inexpensively. The present invention relates to a method for producing a dispersed resin composition.
- a preservation technology using an oxygen absorbent (deoxygenating agent) that removes oxygen in the atmosphere As such a storage technique, conventionally, an oxygen absorbent has been put into a package body together with an object and sealed. However, in recent years, oxygen absorption performance can be improved by providing the package body with oxygen absorption performance. A technique for suppressing oxidative degradation of an object in a package without enclosing an agent has been used.
- a packaging body having oxygen absorption performance is formed by forming a resin composition in which an oxygen absorbent is blended with a thermoplastic resin generally used as a packaging body material into a film or a sheet by extrusion molding, and then packaging it. It is made by processing the body.
- oxygen absorbent in addition to conventional inorganic main agents such as iron powder and sulfite, and organic main agents such as L-ascorbic acid and erythorbic acid, recently, oxygen that does not require moisture for oxygen absorption.
- Absorbents are beginning to be used.
- oxygen absorbers include oxygen scavengers based on cerium oxide utilizing oxygen defects (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-185653, International Publication No. 2008/099935, International Publication No. 2008/133057, etc.), Oxygen scavengers based on titanium oxide having oxygen defects (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- oxygen scavengers based on hydrogen-reduced metal Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-277148
- oxygen scavengers utilizing auto-oxidation of organic substances are known. These oxygen absorbers absorb oxygen in the package by reacting directly with oxygen without going through water, so there is a need to use or store under dry conditions or the presence of water or moisture. Suitable for rust-preserving of metal products that dislike it.
- the oxygen absorbent reacts directly with oxygen in the atmosphere, if the oxygen absorbent is stored in the air, it reacts with oxygen in the air and the oxygen absorption performance deteriorates over time or in extreme cases There are concerns about safety issues such as spontaneous ignition in the air. Therefore, the oxygen absorbent as described above is often used depending on the form dispersed in the resin. However, when the oxygen absorbent is dispersed in the resin, the oxygen absorbent reacts with the oxygen in the atmosphere, so the oxygen absorbent is added to the resin under an inert gas or vacuum, or added to the resin. In doing so, it is necessary to temporarily reduce the activity of the oxygen absorbent. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
- 2007-185653 proposes suppressing the reaction with oxygen in the atmosphere by reducing the specific surface area of the oxygen scavenger particles.
- International Publication No. 2008/099935 proposes that an active site that reacts with oxygen in an oxygen absorbent is closed with carbon dioxide and dispersed in a resin.
- International Publication No. 2008/133057 proposes adding an antioxidant to the resin in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the present inventors have recently added an oxygen absorbent that can react with oxygen in the atmosphere as described above to the resin while adding the oxygen absorbent to the resin while protecting the oxygen absorbent with water, and melt-kneading the resin.
- the resin composition in which the oxygen absorbent is dispersed in the resin can be obtained without removing the water and replacing the water around the oxygen absorbent with the resin without bringing the oxygen absorbent into contact with oxygen. I understood. And according to such a method, the knowledge that the resin composition which disperse
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a resin composition in which active particles capable of reacting with oxygen are dispersed in a thermoplastic resin safely and inexpensively.
- the method for producing a resin composition according to the present invention is a method for producing a resin composition comprising at least a thermoplastic resin and active particles dispersed in the thermoplastic resin and capable of reacting with oxygen in the atmosphere. There, Protecting the active particles with a dispersion medium so that oxygen in the atmosphere does not come into contact with the active particles; A step of replacing the dispersion medium and the thermoplastic resin by removing the dispersion medium while melting and kneading the active particles protected by the dispersion medium with the thermoplastic resin; A step of cooling and solidifying the thermoplastic resin in which the active particles are dispersed; Is included.
- the active particles are (A) at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of manganese group, iron group, platinum group and copper group; (B) at least one metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zinc, tin, lead, magnesium and silicon; A metal obtained by subjecting an alloy containing a solution to acid or alkali solution treatment to elute and remove at least a part of the component (B) may be used.
- the active particles protected with the dispersion medium may be melt-kneaded with the thermoplastic resin as a slurry composed of the active particles and the dispersion medium.
- the dispersion medium may be selected from the group consisting of water, an organic solvent, and a mixture thereof.
- the slurry may contain 10 to 90% by mass of a dispersion medium.
- a part of the dispersion medium when removing the dispersion medium from the slurry, a part of the dispersion medium may be removed as gas and / or liquid.
- the dispersion medium and the thermoplastic resin are replaced by removing the dispersion medium from the slurry until the content of the dispersion medium in the resin composition is 5000 ppm or less. May be.
- the dispersion medium may be water.
- the metal obtained by eluting and removing at least a part of the component (B) may have a porous shape.
- the component (A) may be selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper.
- the component (B) may be aluminum.
- the content of the component (B) in the metal obtained by eluting and removing at least a part of the component (B) may be 0.01 to 50% by mass. .
- the specific surface area of the metal obtained by eluting and removing at least a part of the component (B) as measured by the BET method may be at least 10 m 2 / g. .
- the thermoplastic resin is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin resin, a polyester resin, a polyamide resin, a polyvinyl alcohol resin, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and a chlorine resin. There may be more than species.
- thermoplastic resin a resin composition in which active particles capable of reacting with oxygen are dispersed in a thermoplastic resin safely and inexpensively can be produced.
- the method for producing a resin composition according to the present invention comprises (1) a step of protecting active particles with a dispersion medium so that oxygen in the atmosphere does not come into contact with the active particles, and (2) protection with the dispersion medium.
- Active particles used in the present invention can react with oxygen in the atmosphere, and as such active particles, nanometal particles, oxygen known as an oxygen absorbent Metal oxide having defects (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-185653, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-104064, etc.), metal subjected to hydrogen reduction (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-277148), two specific types as described later Examples include metals obtained by eluting and removing one metal from a metal alloy.
- the active particles preferably used in the present invention include the following two components: (A) at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of manganese group, iron group, platinum group and copper group, and (B ) A metal obtained by subjecting an alloy containing at least one selected from the group consisting of amphoteric metals, magnesium and silicon to an acid or alkali aqueous solution treatment and eluting and removing at least a part of the component (B). Is mentioned.
- Transition metals that can be used as component (A) are manganese group (manganese, technetium, rhenium), iron group (iron, cobalt, nickel), platinum group (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum), copper group (Copper, silver, gold).
- the transition metals described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- an Fe—Ni alloy may be used as component (A).
- the component (A) is preferably manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, or copper, more preferably iron, cobalt, nickel, or copper, still more preferably iron, nickel, Preferably, it is iron. Among these, iron is preferable because it is safe and inexpensive.
- Component (B) is selected from aluminum, zinc, tin, lead, magnesium and silicon. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among those exemplified as the component (B), those selected from aluminum, zinc, magnesium or silicon are preferable, aluminum, zinc, magnesium or silicon is more preferable, and aluminum is more preferable. Of these, aluminum is preferable because it is inexpensive.
- An alloy containing the component (A) and the component (B) described above is prepared. At this time, molybdenum, chromium, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, or the like may be further added to the alloy as an additive metal. It may further contain additional components such as cyanic acids.
- the alloy containing the component (A) and the component (B) as described above can be prepared by a melting method.
- the composition ratio of the component (A) and the component (B) is preferably 20 to 80% by mass when the component (A) is 20 to 80% by mass, and more Preferably, when component (A) is 30 to 70% by mass, component (B) is 30 to 70% by mass. More specifically, when the component (A) is iron or nickel and the component (B) is aluminum, the ratio of iron or nickel is 30 to 55% by mass, and the ratio of aluminum is 45 to 70% by mass. Preferably there is.
- alloy may be directly subjected to an acid or alkali aqueous solution treatment, but is usually subjected to an acid or alkali aqueous solution treatment after being finely pulverized.
- alloy includes not only a single composition having a specific crystal structure but also a mixture thereof and a mixture of metals themselves.
- a conventional method for crushing and pulverizing metals can be used as appropriate, for example, pulverizing with a jaw crusher, a roll crusher, a hammer mill, etc. It can be finely pulverized with a ball mill.
- the molten alloy may be pulverized by a rapid solidification method such as an atomizing method.
- the atomizing method when used, it is preferably performed in an inert gas such as an argon gas.
- a method described in JP-A-5-23597 can be used.
- the particle size of the obtained alloy powder is preferably in the range of 5 to 200 ⁇ m, and the particle size distribution is preferably as narrow as possible. From the viewpoint of eliminating particles having a large particle size or aligning the particle size distribution, sieving (classification) may be appropriately performed using a commercially available mesh sieve (for example, a 200 mesh sieve). In the case of the atomizing method, the powder tends to be nearly spherical and the particle size distribution tends to be narrow.
- the alloy or alloy powder obtained as described above is subjected to an acid or alkali aqueous solution treatment to elute and remove at least part of the component (B) from the alloy. That is, as the oxygen absorbent used in the storage method according to the present invention, a metal obtained after eluting and removing at least a part of the component (B) from the alloy is used.
- the aqueous solution of acid or alkali the component (A) does not dissolve or hardly dissolves, and the component (B) mainly dissolves, or both the components (A) and (B) dissolve.
- the dissolution rate of the component (B) is higher than that of the component (A), it can be used without any particular limitation.
- Examples of the acid in the aqueous acid solution include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.
- Examples of the alkali in the aqueous alkali solution include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). ), Na 2 CO 3 , K 2 CO 3 , ammonia, and the like.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- an aqueous alkali solution is preferably used as the aqueous acid or alkali solution, more preferably an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide solution when aluminum is used as the component (B), when sodium hydroxide is used as the alkaline aqueous solution, excess sodium hydroxide can be easily removed by washing with water, and the eluted aluminum can be easily removed. The effect of reducing the number of washings can be expected.
- the alloy powder In the treatment with an acid or alkali aqueous solution, usually, if an alloy powder is used, the alloy powder is gradually added to the acid or alkali aqueous solution while stirring, but the alloy powder is put in water and concentrated acid solution is added. Alternatively, alkali may be dropped.
- the concentration of the acid or alkali aqueous solution used is, for example, 5 to 60% by mass, and more specifically, for example, 10 to 40% by mass in the case of sodium hydroxide.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution is preferably about 20 to 120 ° C., for example. A more preferable temperature is 25 to 100 ° C.
- the treatment time for which the alloy or alloy powder is subjected to the acid or alkali aqueous solution treatment may vary depending on the shape and state of the alloy used, the amount thereof, the concentration of the acid or alkali aqueous solution, the temperature during the treatment, etc. Usually, it may be about 30 to 300 minutes. By adjusting the treatment time, the elution amount of the component (B) from the alloy can be adjusted.
- At least a part of the component (B) is eluted and removed from the alloy by treatment with an aqueous solution of acid or alkali.
- “leaving and removing at least a part of the component (B)” means to elute and remove a part of the component (B) from the alloy containing the component (A) and the component (B), It also includes the case where all of component (B) is eluted and removed from the alloy.
- “at least a part of component (B)” includes only component (B). It is not necessary to interpret the present invention only when it is eluted with an aqueous solution of acid or alkali.
- the component (B) for example, aluminum
- the elution ratio of the component (B) from the alloy can be indicated by the content (mass basis) (residual rate) of the component (B) in the metal obtained by elution removal.
- the content of the component (B) is preferably 0.01 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 40% by mass. More specifically, for example, when the alloy is an Al—Fe alloy, the aluminum content in the metal obtained by elution and removal of aluminum by treatment with an aqueous solution of acid or alkali is preferably 0.01 to 50% by mass. More preferably, it is 0.1 to 40% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 5% by mass.
- content of the component (B) (for example, aluminum) in the metal used for an oxygen absorber can be measured by ICP method, for example.
- the metal obtained as described above has a porous shape (or a porous body).
- the porous shape means a state having a large number of pores on the surface and inside that can be confirmed with an electron microscope.
- the degree of the porous shape of the metal can be expressed by its specific surface area.
- the specific surface area of the metal according to the BET method is at least 10 m 2 / g, preferably at least 20 m 2 / g, more preferably at least 40 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area of the resulting porous metal is about 20 to 120 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area is about 0.07 to 0.13 m 2 / g, and it is clear whether it is a porous shape or not. It is.
- the degree of the porous shape which a metal has can also be represented by a bulk density.
- the bulk density of the metal used for the oxygen absorbent of the present invention is 2 g / cm 3 or less, and preferably 1.5 g / cm 3 or less.
- the bulk density is about 2 to 3 g / cm 3 .
- the porous metal used as the active metal since the porous metal used as the active metal has high oxygen absorption activity, it is under an atmosphere of low humidity conditions (for example, conditions of 30% RH (relative humidity) (25 ° C.) or lower). Even so, it can be suitably used as an oxygen absorbent. Needless to say, it can be suitably used as an oxygen absorbent even in an atmosphere of high humidity conditions (for example, conditions of 100% RH (relative humidity) (25 ° C.)).
- the metal obtained as described above absorbs at least 5 mL / g oxygen, more preferably 10 mL / g oxygen, in a low humidity atmosphere of 30% RH (relative humidity) (25 ° C.) or less. Can do.
- the oxygen absorption amount when the active particles made of the metal are used alone as an oxygen absorbent is, for example, 5 to 150 mL / g in a low humidity atmosphere of 30% RH (relative humidity) (25 ° C.) or less. It becomes.
- the active particles usually react with oxygen in the atmosphere immediately in the air, and the oxygen absorption performance is deteriorated. Therefore, before using the active particles, it is necessary to avoid oxygen as much as possible.
- the active particles can be prevented from coming into contact with oxygen by protecting the active particles with a dispersion medium. That is, by covering the active particles with the dispersion medium so as to cover the periphery of the active particles, it is possible to prevent oxygen molecules from contacting the active particles and causing an oxidation reaction.
- a dispersion medium can be used without particular limitation as long as it can physically or chemically prevent oxygen from coming into contact with the surface of the active particles.
- a dispersion medium such as water or an organic solvent
- oxygen in the atmosphere can be prevented from coming into contact with the metal particles.
- a dispersion medium such as water or an organic solvent
- Any dispersion medium other than those that react with metal particles can be used without particular limitation.
- an organic solvent it is preferable to use one having a low flash point. Examples include secondary alcohols such as 2-propanol and 2-butanol, methanol, ethanol, methylene chloride, methyl ethyl ketone, and the like, but are not limited thereto.
- the slurry-like metal particles after the washing with water may be used for the next substitution step as they are.
- the metal particles are produced and then immersed in a storage medium (corresponding to a dispersion medium) and stored, the slurry composed of the metal particles and the storage medium may be directly used for the next replacement step.
- a storage medium include a storage medium having a buffering action such as a buffer solution added to water, and an acidic aqueous solution to which an inorganic acid or an organic acid is added.
- the amount of the dispersion medium (water, organic solvent, etc.) contained in the slurry is preferably 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably 10 to 80% by mass, particularly 20 to 70% by mass. If the amount of the dispersion medium contained in the slurry is too small, the surface of the active particles cannot be completely covered with the dispersion medium and may react with oxygen in the atmosphere, while the content of the dispersion medium is large. If it is too much, it will be difficult to remove the dispersion medium at a time in the substitution step as described later, and it will be necessary to remove the dispersion medium in a plurality of steps, which complicates the process.
- a stirring or kneading apparatus equipped with a heating device
- a heating device such as a kneader, a Banbury mixer, a planetary mixer, a butterfly mixer, or a single-screw or multi-screw extruder
- a mixture of active particles and a dispersion medium is added to the thermoplastic resin. Stir while heating.
- the molten thermoplastic resin is kneaded with the mixture of active particles and the dispersion medium, and at the same time, the dispersion medium is removed.
- the dispersion medium existing on the surface of the active particles is replaced with the molten thermoplastic resin, the active particles are dispersed in the molten thermoplastic resin.
- additives when the active particles protected with the dispersion medium are added to the thermoplastic resin, various additives may be added as long as the resin properties are not impaired.
- plasticizers UV stabilizers, coloring Inhibitors, matting agents, deodorants, flame retardants, weathering agents, antistatic agents, mold release agents, antioxidants, coloring pigments, and the like can be added.
- additives are preferably added in the range of 0.01 to 20% by mass with respect to the thermoplastic resin.
- the stirring or kneading apparatus preferably includes a devolatilization unit, a dehydration unit, or both.
- a vent type extruder having a vent in a part of the barrel of the screw extruder can be suitably used.
- the vent may be a devolatilization vent connected to a vacuum pump for efficient removal of the dispersion medium. Since the dispersion medium volatilizes and becomes a gas due to heat at the time of melt kneading, it can be removed through a devolatilizing means.
- a screw extruder provided with a dewatering slit or a vent stuffer in a part of the barrel can also be used.
- the dispersion medium can be more efficiently removed.
- a slurry containing a dispersion medium is introduced from the supply zone and kneading or compression is performed with a screw, the dispersion medium can be removed in a liquid state from the above-described dehydration slit and vent stuffer.
- the mixing zone conventionally known screws such as a dalmage screw, a wave screw, a barrier screw, a unimelt screw, an HM screw, a pin screw, and a DIS screw can be used. Moreover, you may use the screw arrange
- a forward kneading disk, an orthogonal kneading disk, a reverse kneading disk, a seal ring, a pineapple screw, a reverse full flight screw, a rotor, and the like can be used.
- a part of the dispersion medium in the slurry can be efficiently removed as a gas and a part as a liquid.
- the dispersion medium can be removed until the content of the dispersion medium in the obtained resin composition becomes 5000 ppm or less during melt-kneading with the thermoplastic resin. it can. If the dispersion medium is not sufficiently removed, the resin may be hydrolyzed when the thermoplastic resin is melt-kneaded, and the physical properties of the resin may decrease.
- the active particles protected with the dispersion medium are melt-kneaded with the thermoplastic resin by using a stirring or kneading apparatus, it is preferably performed under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon or under reduced pressure.
- an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon or under reduced pressure.
- melt-kneading under a low oxygen partial pressure it is possible to suppress reaction deterioration due to oxygen coming into contact with the active particles, and it is possible to suppress the thermoplastic resin from being oxidized by oxygen.
- a low oxygen partial pressure state can be realized by replacing the air in the main feeder with an inert gas.
- the screw extruder is equipped with a devolatilization means or a dehydration means, not only the main feeder, but also the devolatilization means and the dehydration means are replaced with an inert gas or operated under reduced pressure to reduce the low oxygen content. It is preferable to perform melt kneading under pressure.
- the ratio of the thermoplastic resin and the active particles supplied to the stirring or kneading apparatus depends on the amount of the dispersion medium protecting the active particles, but the active particles are contained in an amount of 1 to 80% by mass with respect to the thermoplastic resin. It is preferably 5 to 70% by mass. If the ratio between the thermoplastic resin and the active particles is within the above range, the active particles are resin while maintaining the function of the active particles dispersed in the resin (for example, oxygen absorbing performance when the active particles are oxygen absorbents). It can be uniformly dispersed in.
- thermoplastic resin to be used is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins and chlorinated resins. Particularly, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer , Elastomers, or mixtures thereof can be suitably used.
- thermoplastic resin in the molten state in which the active particles are uniformly dispersed is cooled and solidified.
- the means for cooling and solidifying the molten thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be employed.
- air can be used for cooling and solidification, but from the viewpoint of suppressing the performance deterioration of the active particles, it is preferable to use a liquid such as water or an inert gas as the cooling medium.
- the molten thermoplastic resin can be cooled and solidified by immersing the molten thermoplastic resin in a water bath.
- the solidified thermoplastic resin may be appropriately processed into a granular shape, a pellet shape, a strand shape, or the like.
- the active particle-containing thermoplastic resin obtained as described above can be used as an oxygen-absorbing packaging material by being molded into a desired form using a melt extruder or the like.
- the form as an oxygen absorptive packaging material is not specifically limited, For example, a single layer thru
- a thermoplastic resin is supplied to an extrusion molding machine heated to a temperature equal to or higher than its melting point, extruded from a die such as a T-die into a film or sheet, and extruded.
- a film or sheet-like material can be molded by a solution casting method in which it is rapidly cooled and solidified by a rotating cooling drum or the like, or a compression molding method, an injection molding method, or the like can be employed.
- a known molding method such as a blow molding method, an injection molding method, a vacuum molding method, a compressed air molding method, a stretch molding method, a plug assist molding method, etc. should be adopted.
- a single screw extruder, a twin screw extruder, a vent extruder, a tandem extruder, or the like can be used depending on the purpose.
- the obtained film or sheet may be unstretched or biaxially stretched from the viewpoint of mechanical strength and the like.
- Biaxial stretching can be performed by a conventionally known method.
- the film extruded onto the cooling drum as described above is subsequently heated by roll heating, infrared heating, or the like, and stretched in the longitudinal direction to obtain a longitudinally stretched film.
- This stretching is preferably performed by utilizing the difference in peripheral speed between two or more rolls.
- the longitudinal stretching is usually performed in a temperature range of 50 to 100 ° C.
- the longitudinal stretching ratio is preferably 2.5 to 4.2 times, although it depends on the required properties for film applications.
- the molded body obtained as described above can be suitably used as an oxygen-absorbing packaging material.
- the thickness of the oxygen-absorbing packaging material is arbitrary depending on the application, but is about 5 to 500 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the oxygen-absorbing packaging material exceeds the above range, the oxygen absorption rate may decrease.
- Synthesis example 1 ⁇ Production of active particles> Al (aluminum) powder and Fe (iron) powder were mixed at a ratio of 50% by mass and dissolved in nitrogen to obtain an Al—Fe alloy.
- the obtained Al—Fe alloy was pulverized using a jaw crusher, a roll crusher and a ball mill, and the pulverized product was classified using a 200 mesh (0.075 mm) mesh to obtain an Al—Fe alloy of 200 mesh or less. It was.
- 100 g of the obtained Al—Fe alloy powder was stirred and mixed in a 25 mass% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 50 ° C. for 1 hour, the mixed solution was allowed to stand and the upper layer liquid was removed. The remaining precipitate was washed with distilled water until the pH became 10 or less to obtain Al—Fe porous metal powder (active particles). Therefore, the porous metal powder was obtained by reaction in an aqueous solution to avoid contact with oxygen.
- the porous metal powder obtained as described above was adjusted to a slurry having a moisture content of 50% by mass (hereinafter referred to as “metal slurry A”) and a moisture content of 80% by mass. % Slurry (hereinafter referred to as “metal slurry B”) was prepared.
- the obtained porous metal powder was vacuum dried at 200 Pa or less and 50 ° C. to a moisture content of 1 mass% or less to obtain a dried Al—Fe porous metal powder (hereinafter referred to as “metal powder dried product”). .
- the bulk density of the obtained dried metal powder was 1.4 g / cm 3 (measured according to JIS Z2504).
- 1 g of the resulting dried metal powder was dissolved in a small amount of hydrochloric acid and then diluted with pure water to prepare a 50 mL solution. Using this solution, the ICP method (ICPE-9000 (multitype), Shimadzu Corporation) was prepared.
- the Al content of the metal powder obtained by (made by Co., Ltd.) was calculated.
- 1 g of dried metal powder is packed in a breathable sachet, put in a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag) together with a desiccant, filled with 400 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), sealed, and 25 ° C. And stored for 1 day.
- a gas barrier bag Al foil laminated plastic bag
- the oxygen concentration was 6.5%.
- the oxygen absorption amount was 61. It was 6 mL / g.
- the average particle size of the obtained metal powder was measured using a particle size / shape distribution measuring device (“PITA-2” manufactured by Seishin Enterprise Co., Ltd.), the average particle size was about 30 ⁇ m.
- the specific surface area of the metal powder was measured using an automatic specific surface area measuring apparatus (“Gemini VII2390” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), the specific surface area was 24.0 m 2 / g.
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- the pump was handled in the air without nitrogen substitution, and the main feeder was handled with nitrogen substitution at an oxygen concentration of 3% or less (measured with a new Cosmos oxygen detector).
- the metal slurry A was allowed to stand for 30 minutes in the pump tank before the metal slurry A was put into the twin-screw co-rotating extruder, the metal slurry A did not generate heat and was stable.
- the pressure of the devolatilization vent during operation was 5 kPa or less.
- the metal slurry A and LLDPE are melted and kneaded to remove moisture from the devolatilization vent, and the molten material dispersed in the LLDPE in which the porous metal powder is melted is extruded from the strand die and cooled and solidified in a water bath.
- the resin pellet 1 was obtained by cutting with a pelletizer. At this time, strand breakage and foaming were not recognized, and the resin pellet 1 could be produced satisfactorily.
- the moisture content of the obtained resin pellet 1 was measured at a measurement temperature of 185 ° C. using a desktop coulometric moisture meter (CA-200, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech Co., Ltd.). 690 ppm.
- the resin pellet 1 obtained as described above was pressed under conditions of 150 ° C. and 300 kgf / cm 2 in nitrogen using a press machine to obtain a resin film 1 having an average thickness of about 150 ⁇ m.
- test piece What obtained by cutting out the obtained resin film 1 in 10 cm x 10 cm was used as the test piece.
- the weight of the test piece was 1.75 g, and the amount of porous metal powder contained in the test piece was calculated from the blending ratio of LLDPE and metal slurry A, and was 0.44 g.
- the test piece was put together with a desiccant into a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag), sealed with 200 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- gas barrier bag Al foil laminated plastic bag
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured by a gas chromatograph, the oxygen concentration was 16.3%, and the oxygen absorption amount was calculated from the reduced oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag.
- the oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 25.0 mL / g.
- the wet powder A was charged from the main feeder into a biaxial different-direction rotary extruder (screw diameter 20 mm, L / D value 25) equipped with a main feeder and a devolatilization vent.
- the main feeder was handled with an oxygen concentration of 1% or less (measured with a new Cosmos oxygen detector) by nitrogen replacement.
- the wet powder A did not generate heat and was stable.
- the pressure of the devolatilization vent during operation was 3 kPa or less.
- the wet powder A is melt-kneaded to remove moisture from the devolatilization vent, and the melt dispersed in the PP in which the porous metal powder is melted is extruded from the strand die, and is cooled and solidified in a water bath. After forming a strand shape having an outer diameter of about 3 mm, it was cut with a pelletizer to obtain a resin pellet 2. At this time, no strand breakage or foaming was observed, and the resin pellet 2 could be produced satisfactorily.
- the obtained resin film 2 cut into 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm was used as a test piece.
- the weight of the test piece was 1.96 g, and the amount of porous metal powder contained in the test piece was calculated from the blending ratio of PP and metal slurry A, and was 0.16 g.
- the test piece was placed in a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag) together with a desiccant, filled with 150 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), sealed, and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured by a gas chromatograph, the oxygen concentration was 19.0%.
- the porous content contained in the test piece was The oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 22.0 mL / g.
- Example 3 In the same manner as in Example 2, the powder PP and the metal slurry B were mixed so that the mass ratio of the powder PP and the metal slurry B was 69:31, and the powder PP was impregnated with the metal slurry B. (Hereinafter referred to as “wet powder B”).
- the wet powder B was introduced from the main feeder into a biaxial different direction rotary extruder (screw diameter 20 mm, L / D value 25) equipped with a main feeder and a devolatilization vent.
- the main feeder was handled with an oxygen concentration of 1% or less (measured with a new Cosmos oxygen detector) by nitrogen replacement.
- the wet powder B was introduced by the main feeder, the dry powder B did not generate heat and was stable.
- the pressure of the devolatilization vent during operation was 3 kPa or less.
- the wet powder B is melted and kneaded to remove moisture from the devolatilization vent, thereby extruding the melt dispersed in the PP in which the porous metal powder is melted from the strand die, and cooling and solidifying in a water bath.
- the resin pellet 3 As compared with the case of the resin pellet 2, some foaming was observed in the strand. This foaming is thought to be due to the fact that some dispersion medium remained in the molten resin.
- the resin pellet 3 obtained as described above was pressed under conditions of 180 ° C. and 300 kgf / cm 2 in nitrogen using a press machine to obtain a resin film 3 having an average thickness of about 200 ⁇ m.
- the obtained resin film 3 cut into 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm was used as a test piece.
- the weight of the test piece was 1.94 g, and the amount of the porous metal powder contained in the test piece was calculated from the blending ratio of PP and metal slurry B to be 0.16 g.
- the test piece was placed in a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag) together with a desiccant, filled with 150 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), sealed, and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured by gas chromatography, the oxygen concentration was 19.3%, and the oxygen absorption amount was calculated from the reduced oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag.
- the oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 18.6 mL / g.
- Example 4 Metal slurry A and medium density polyethylene (manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., MFR 135 g / 10 min (measured according to JIS K7210), hereinafter referred to as “MDPE”) using a trimix (tank volume 15 L). Melt kneaded.
- MDPE medium density polyethylene
- trimix trimix (tank volume 15 L).
- the metal slurry A charged in the tank did not generate heat and was stable.
- a trimix tank is attached to the ram press, and the ram press is used to extrude the melt from the discharge port having an inner diameter of 25 mm at the bottom of the tank, to cool and solidify in a water bath, Obtained.
- Resin having an average thickness of about 150 ⁇ m is obtained by pressing the solidified product obtained as described above and removing the necessary amount in nitrogen using a press machine at 150 ° C. and 300 kgf / cm 2. Film 4 was obtained.
- test piece What obtained by cutting out the obtained resin film 4 to 10 cm x 10 cm was used as the test piece.
- the weight of the test piece was 1.62 g, and the amount of the porous metal powder contained in the test piece was calculated from the blending ratio of MDPE and metal slurry A, and was 0.29 g.
- the test piece was put together with a desiccant into a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag), sealed with 200 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- gas barrier bag Al foil laminated plastic bag
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured by a gas chromatograph, the oxygen concentration was 18.5%.
- the porosity contained in the test piece was calculated.
- the oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 20.3 mL / g.
- Example 5 Metal slurry A and high-density polyethylene (Japan) using a twin-screw co-rotating extruder (screw diameter 41 mm, L / D value 60) equipped with a main feeder, dewatering slit, vent, and devolatilization vent from the upstream side MFR 0.3 g / 10 min (measured according to JISK7210), hereinafter referred to as “HDPE”) manufactured by Polyethylene Co., Ltd. was melt-kneaded.
- HDPE high-density polyethylene
- the metal slurry A and HDPE are melted and kneaded to remove moisture from the dehydration slit and the devolatilization vent, thereby extruding the melt dispersed in the HDPE in which the porous metal powder is melted from the strand die.
- the resin pellet 5 was obtained by cutting with a pelletizer. At this time, it was confirmed that liquid water and water vapor were discharged from the dehydration slit during operation, and water vapor was discharged from the devolatilization vent. Water and water vapor were discharged from the dehydration slit, and no porous metal powder was observed. Moreover, the strand breakage and foaming were not recognized, but the resin pellet 5 was able to be produced favorably.
- the resin pellet 5 obtained as described above was pressed under conditions of 180 ° C. and 300 kgf / cm 2 in nitrogen using a press machine to obtain a resin film 5 having an average thickness of about 150 ⁇ m.
- the obtained resin film 5 cut into 10 cm ⁇ 10 cm was used as a test piece.
- the weight of the test piece was 2.04 g, and the amount of the porous metal powder contained in the test piece was calculated from the blending ratio of HDPE and metal slurry A to be 0.77 g.
- the test piece was put in a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag) together with a desiccant, filled with 250 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), sealed, and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured with a gas chromatograph, the oxygen concentration was 11.2%.
- the porosity contained in the test piece was The oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 35.5 mL / g.
- the main feeder during operation was purged with nitrogen as in Example 1, the dehydration slit was sprayed with 10 L / min of nitrogen as in Example 5, and the vent stuffer was sprayed with 10 L / min of nitrogen at the opening. It was.
- the oxygen concentration of the main feeder was 1% or less (measured with a new Cosmos oxygen detector), the oxygen concentration near the dehydration slit was 4% or less, and the oxygen concentration near the vent stuffer opening was 2% or less ( (Measured using HT-1200N manufactured by Hodaka Corporation).
- the pressure of the devolatilization vent during operation was 3 kPa or less.
- resin pellets 6 having an outer diameter of about 2 mm were obtained in the same manner as in Example 5. At this time, it was confirmed that liquid water and water vapor were discharged from the dehydration slit and vent stuffer during operation, and water vapor was discharged from the devolatilization vent. Water and water vapor were discharged from the dehydration slit and vent stuffer, and no porous metal powder was observed. Moreover, no strand breakage or foaming was observed, and the resin pellet 6 could be produced satisfactorily.
- the resin pellet 6 obtained as described above was pressed under conditions of 180 ° C. and 300 kgf / cm 2 in nitrogen using a press machine to obtain a resin film 6 having an average thickness of about 150 ⁇ m.
- test piece What obtained by cutting out the obtained resin film 6 in 10 cm x 10 cm was used as the test piece.
- the weight of the test piece was 2.04 g, and the amount of the porous metal powder contained in the test piece was calculated from the blending ratio of HDPE and metal slurry A to be 0.77 g.
- the test piece was put in a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag) together with a desiccant, filled with 250 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), sealed, and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured with a gas chromatograph, the oxygen concentration was 10.9%.
- the porosity contained in the test piece was The oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 36.4 mL / g.
- a resin pellet 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that. At this time, when the dried metal powder was allowed to stand for 30 minutes in the pump tank before being put into the twin-screw co-rotating extruder, the metal powder reacted with oxygen by contact with air and generated heat.
- Resin film 4 was produced in the same manner as Example 1 using the obtained pellets 4. Subsequently, when the test piece was carried out similarly to Example 1, the quantity of the porous metal powder contained in the test piece was 0.44 g. The test piece was put together with a desiccant into a gas barrier bag (Al foil laminated plastic bag), sealed with 200 mL of air (oxygen concentration 20.9%), and stored at 25 ° C. for 30 days.
- a gas barrier bag Al foil laminated plastic bag
- the oxygen concentration in the gas barrier bag after storage was measured by a gas chromatograph, the oxygen concentration was 20.1%.
- the porosity contained in the test piece was The oxygen absorption amount per unit weight of the fine metal powder was 4.6 mL / g.
Abstract
Description
前記活性粒子を分散媒で保護して、雰囲気中の酸素が前記活性粒子と接触しないようにしておく工程、
前記分散媒で保護された活性粒子を前記熱可塑性樹脂と溶融混練しながら、前記分散媒を除去することにより、前記分散媒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを置換する工程、
前記活性粒子が分散した前記熱可塑性樹脂を、冷却固化する工程、
を含んでなるものである。
(A)マンガン族、鉄族、白金族および銅族からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属と、
(B)アルミニウム、亜鉛、スズ、鉛、マグネシウムおよびケイ素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の金属と、
を含む合金を、酸またはアルカリの水溶液処理に供して、前記成分(B)の少なくとも一部を溶出除去して得られる金属であってもよい。
本発明において使用される活性粒子は雰囲気中の酸素と反応し得るものであり、このような活性粒子としては、ナノ金属粒子、酸素吸収剤として知られている酸素欠陥を有する金属酸化物(特開2007-185653号公報、特開2005-104064号公報等)、水素還元を行った金属(特開昭62-277148号公報)、後記するような特定の2種金属からなる合金から一方の金属を溶出除去して得られる金属等が挙げられる。
次に、分散媒で保護された活性粒子を熱可塑性樹脂と溶融混練しながら、分散媒を除去することにより、分散媒と熱可塑性樹脂とを置換する。活性粒子表面の周囲にある分散媒を、溶融した熱可塑性樹脂で置換することにより、活性粒子の表面に酸素が接触することなく、熱可塑性樹脂中に活性粒子を分散させることができる。分散媒で保護された活性粒子、即ち、活性粒子と分散媒との混合物を、熱可塑性樹脂と溶融混練しながら、同時に分散媒のみを除去する方法としては、加熱装置を備えた撹拌ないし混練装置、例えばニーダーやバンバリーミキサー、プラネタリーミキサー、バタフライミキサー等や、1軸または多軸のスクリュー押出機等の公知の装置を用いて、熱可塑性樹脂に活性粒子と分散媒との混合物を添加し、加熱しながら撹拌を行う。溶融した熱可塑性樹脂が活性粒子と分散媒との混合物と混練されると同時に、分散媒を除去する。その結果、活性粒子表面に存在していた分散媒が、溶融した熱可塑性樹脂に置き換わると、溶融した熱可塑性樹脂中に活性粒子が分散した状態となる。作業性、連続運転による効率性の観点からは、スクリュー押出機を使用することが好ましい。
次に、活性粒子が均一に分散した溶融状態にある熱可塑性樹脂を冷却固化する。溶融した熱可塑性樹脂を冷却固化する手段は特に制限されるものではなく、従来公知の方法を採用することができる。例えば空気を利用して冷却固化を行うこともできるが、活性粒子の性能劣化を抑制する観点からは、冷却媒として、水等の液体や不活性ガスを使用することが好ましい。例えば、水浴中に溶融した熱可塑性樹脂を浸漬することにより溶融した熱可塑性樹脂を冷却固化することができる。固化した熱可塑性樹脂は、粒状、ペレット状、ストランド状等の形態に適宜加工してもよい。
<活性粒子の作製>
Al(アルミニウム)粉とFe(鉄)粉をそれぞれ50質量%の割合で混合し、窒素中で溶解して、Al-Fe合金を得た。得たAl-Fe合金はジョークラッシャー、ロールクラッシャー及びボールミルを用いて粉砕し、粉砕物を目開き200メッシュ(0.075mm)の網を用いて分級し、200メッシュ以下のAl-Fe合金を得た。得られたAl-Fe合金粉100gを、50℃の25質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中で1時間攪拌混合した後、混合溶液を静置し、上層液を取り除いた。残った沈殿物をpHが10以下になるまで蒸留水で洗浄し、Al-Fe多孔質金属粉(活性粒子)を得た。したがって、多孔質金属粉は、酸素に接触させることを回避すべく、水溶液中での反応により得た。
メインフィーダー、ベント、および脱揮ベントを備えた二軸同方向回転押出機(スクリュー径26mm、L/D値64)を用いて、金属スラリーAと、直鎖低密度ポリエチレン(日本ポリエチレン株式会社製、MFR10.5g/10min(JIS K7210に準拠して測定)、以下、「LLDPE」と表記する)とを溶融混練した。先ず、メインフィーダーを使用してLLDPEを投入し、ポンプを使用してベントから金属スラリーAを投入し、両者の質量比が、LLDPE:金属スラリーA=60:40となるように、定量しながら二軸同方向回転押出機に投入した。このとき、ポンプは窒素置換を行わず、空気中で取扱い、メインフィーダーは窒素置換により、酸素濃度3%以下(新コスモス電機製酸素検知器にて測定)で取り扱った。金属スラリーAを二軸同方向回転押出機に投入する前に、金属スラリーAをポンプのタンク内で30分間静置したところ、金属スラリーAは発熱を起こさず、安定であった。また、運転中の脱揮ベントの圧力は5kPa以下であった。
ポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロピレン株式会社製、MFR5.0g/10min(JIS K7210に準拠して測定)、以下、「PP」と表記する)のペレットを、インペラーミルにて粉砕し、30メッシュ(0.51mm)の網を用いて分級し、30メッシュ以下の粉末とした(以下、「粉末PP」と言う)。得られた粉末PPと金属スラリーAとを、両者の質量比が、粉末PP:金属スラリーA=85:15となるように混合し、粉末PPに金属スラリーAを含浸させた(以下、「湿粉A」と表記する)。
実施例2と同様にして、粉末PPと金属スラリーBとを、両者の質量比が、粉末PP:金属スラリーB=69:31となるように混合し、粉末PPに金属スラリーBを含浸させた(以下、「湿粉B」と表記する)。
トリミックス(タンク容積15L)を用いて、金属スラリーAと、中密度ポリエチレン(プライムポリマー株式会社製、MFR135g/10min(JIS K7210に準拠して測定)、以下、「MDPE」と表記する)とを溶融混練した。先ず、トリミックスのタンク内に、金属スラリーAとMDPEとを、両者の質量比が、MDPE:金属スラリーA=70:30となるように投入し、タンク内を減圧および加熱して溶融混練した。タンク内に投入された金属スラリーAは発熱を起こさず、安定であった。溶融混練後、トリミックスのタンクをラムプレスに取り付け、ラムプレスを使用して、タンク下部の内径25mmの排出口より溶融物を押し出し、水浴中で冷却固化させ、外径25mm程度の棒状の固化物を得た。
上流側からメインフィーダー、脱水スリット、ベント、および脱揮ベントを備えた二軸同方向回転押出機(スクリュー径41mm、L/D値60)を用いて、金属スラリーAと、高密度ポリエチレン(日本ポリエチレン株式会社製、MFR0.3g/10min(JISK7210に準拠して測定)、以下、「HDPE」と表記する)とを溶融混練した。金属スラリーAとHDPEとの質量比が、HDPE:金属スラリーA=45:55となるように定量しながら両者を二軸同方向回転押出機に投入し、脱水スリットに対して押出機外側から窒素を10L/minの流量で吹きつけた以外は実施例1と同様にして溶融混練を行った。運転中のメインフィーダーの酸素濃度は1%以下(新コスモス電機製酸素検知器にて測定)であり、脱水スリット近傍の酸素濃度は4%以下であった(ホダカ株式会社製HT-1200Nにて測定)。また、運転中の脱揮ベントの圧力は3kPa以下であった。
二軸同方向回転押出機を上流側からメインフィーダー、脱水スリット、ベントスタッファ、ベント、および脱揮ベントを備えた装置(スクリュー径41mm、L/D値60)として、実施例5と同様にして、HDPEと金属スラリーAをHDPE:金属スラリーA=45:55となるように溶融混練した。この二軸同方向回転押出機には搬送されたHDPEと金属スラリーを圧搾し、水分を分離させるために、スクリューのベントと脱揮ベントの間に対応する部分にスクリューエレメントを配置した。運転中のメインフィーダーは実施例1と同様に窒素置換し、脱水スリットは実施例5と同様に10L/minの窒素を吹き付け、ベントスタッファに対しては開口部に10L/minの窒素を吹き付けた。メインフィーダーの酸素濃度は1%以下(新コスモス電機製酸素検知器にて測定)、脱水スリット近傍の酸素濃度は4%以下、ベントスタッファ開口部近傍の酸素濃度は2%以下であった(ホダカ株式会社製HT-1200Nを使用して測定)。また、運転中の脱揮ベントの圧力は3kPa以下であった。
金属スラリーAに代えて合成例1で得られた金属粉乾燥物を使用し、両者の質量比が、LLDPE:金属粉乾燥物=75:25となるように二軸同方向回転押出機に投入した以外は、実施例1と同様にして樹脂ペレット4を作製した。この時、二軸同方向回転押出機に投入する前にポンプのタンク内で金属粉乾燥物を30分間静置したところ、金属粉は空気と接触することで、酸素と反応し、発熱した。
Claims (14)
- 熱可塑性樹脂と、前記熱可塑性樹脂中に分散した、雰囲気中の酸素と反応し得る活性粒子と、を少なくとも含んでなる樹脂組成物を製造する方法であって、
前記活性粒子を分散媒で保護して、雰囲気中の酸素が前記活性粒子と接触しないようにしておく工程、
前記分散媒で保護された活性粒子を前記熱可塑性樹脂と溶融混練しながら、前記分散媒を除去することにより、前記分散媒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを置換する工程、および
前記活性粒子が分散した前記熱可塑性樹脂を、冷却固化する工程、
を含んでなる、方法。 - 前記活性粒子が、
(A)マンガン族、鉄族、白金族および銅族からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の遷移金属と、
(B)アルミニウム、亜鉛、スズ、鉛、マグネシウムおよびケイ素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の金属と、
を含む合金を、酸またはアルカリの水溶液処理に供して、前記成分(B)の少なくとも一部を溶出除去して得られる金属である、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記分散媒で保護された活性粒子を、該活性粒子と分散媒とからなるスラリーとして、前記熱可塑性樹脂と溶融混練する、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒が、水、有機溶媒およびその混合物からなる群より選択される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記スラリーが10~90質量%の分散媒を含有する、請求項3または4に記載の方法。
- 前記スラリーから分散媒を除去する際に、分散媒の一部を気体および/または液体として除去する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記樹脂組成物中の分散媒の含有量が5000ppm以下になるまで前記スラリーから分散媒を除去することにより、前記分散媒と前記熱可塑性樹脂とを置換する、請求項3~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記分散媒が水である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記成分(B)の少なくとも一部を溶出除去して得られる金属が、多孔質形状である、請求項2~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記成分(A)が、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、および銅からなる群より選択される、請求項2~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記成分(B)がアルミニウムである、請求項2~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記成分(B)の少なくとも一部を溶出除去して得られる金属における成分(B)の含有率が、0.01~50質量%である、請求項2~11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記成分(B)の少なくとも一部を溶出除去して得られる金属の、BET法により測定される比表面積が、少なくとも10m2/gである、請求項2~12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、及び塩素系樹脂からなる群より選択される1種以上のものである、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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JP2018087282A (ja) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-07 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 酸素活性粒子を含有する樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
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