WO2013183853A1 - 연료전지 시스템 - Google Patents
연료전지 시스템 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013183853A1 WO2013183853A1 PCT/KR2013/002594 KR2013002594W WO2013183853A1 WO 2013183853 A1 WO2013183853 A1 WO 2013183853A1 KR 2013002594 W KR2013002594 W KR 2013002594W WO 2013183853 A1 WO2013183853 A1 WO 2013183853A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- heat
- hot box
- temperature
- burner
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system, and more particularly to a fuel cell system that can be supplied to the outside air at room temperature directly into the hot box to affect the temperature of the hot box to reduce efficiency.
- Such a fuel cell has a structure in which hydrogen gas or a hydrocarbon, which is fuel, is supplied to a negative electrode, and oxygen is supplied to the positive electrode to generate electricity.
- the fuel cell is named as a battery, it can be regarded as a power generating device that actually generates electricity.
- the fuel cell uses a method of causing an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen without burning fuel and converting the energy difference before and after the reaction into electrical energy.
- a fuel cell is a system that does not generate gases polluting the environment such as NOx and SOx, and has no noise and vibration. It is a clean power generation system with thermal efficiency of 80% or more combined with electricity generation and heat recovery.
- the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is an exothermic reaction, and heat is generated.
- phosphoric acid is mainly used as an electrolyte, and an operating temperature of the phosphoric acid fuel cell is known to be about 200 ° C. This is the maximum temperature allowed by the phosphate electrolyte, and it is known that the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen occurs smoothly at the reaction temperature of 200 ° C., but the heat is generated by the exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the reaction of oxygen may not be smooth and the efficiency may be lowered. Therefore, a cooling structure for cooling the fuel cell is indispensable.
- an electrolyte includes a dissolved carbonate fuel cell using a mixture of lithium carbide and potassium carbide having a low melting point, and the operating temperature of the dissolved carbonate fuel cell is about 650 ° C.
- a hot box is installed.
- Korean Patent No. 10-0787244 includes an air supply device for supplying air containing oxygen for efficient combustion of power raw materials, so that external air is introduced to lower the hot box to an appropriate temperature.
- a double intake system is used.
- Patent No. 10-0787244 mentions a configuration in which a carbon monoxide remover for removing carbon monoxide is connected to a suction passage in order to supply air containing oxygen.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, to provide a fuel cell system capable of minimizing a change in the internal temperature of a hot box due to intake of external air.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system that can simplify the structure of the system by unifying the intake line.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention for solving the above problems, a hot box for accommodating the fuel cell and the reformer, a start burner for heating the temperature of the hot box to the reaction temperature during the initial operation, the heat or exhaust of the start burner
- the first heat exchanger is configured to heat the outside air that is taken in by using heat of gas to supply the fuel cell, and generates and supplies steam by using the heat of the exhaust gas.
- a second heat exchanger is cooled to maintain the reaction temperature.
- the reformer may include a reforming unit for receiving the steam and the raw material gas and reforming the hydrogen gas, and a burner for heating the reforming unit.
- the burner may heat the reforming unit by an exothermic reaction in which unreacted hydrogen and oxygen are reacted after the reaction in the fuel cell.
- the burner may include a main burner and an auxiliary burner, and the unreacted hydrogen and oxygen may be sequentially supplied to the main burner and the auxiliary burner to minimize the unreacted gas.
- It is provided to surround the inside of the hot box and is connected to the first heat exchanger to heat the hot box to the reaction temperature with the heat of the start burner and to lower the temperature of the hot box with the exhaust gas of the second heat exchanger. It may further include a combustion gas line for maintaining the reaction temperature.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention provides a means for heating the outside air during the initial operation, and subsequently by heating and supplying the outside air intake by using the exhaust gas, to prevent the change of the temperature inside the hot box due to the inlet air As a result, the temperature of the hot box is maintained at the reaction temperature, thereby preventing the power generation efficiency from being lowered.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention is configured to generate steam for reforming the source gas using exhaust gas, to solve the increase of heat generated from the fuel cell, and to heat the incoming external air.
- the effect is to increase efficiency and simplify configuration.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention has an effect of simplifying the configuration of the system by unifying the intake line and the exhaust line, respectively.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a coupling relationship of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- connector 600 second heat exchange unit
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a fuel cell system may include a start burner 100 that heats a hot box 300 during an initial operation, and a heat of exhaust gas or heat of the start burner 100.
- a fuel cell 500 that receives the reformed raw material gas from the reformer 400 and receives external air heated through the first heat exchanger 200 and generates power through a catalytic reaction, and the fuel cell
- the unreacted exhaust gas is supplied through the reformer 400 to generate steam using the sensible heat of the unreacted exhaust gas, and is supplied to the reformer 400 together with the raw material gas NG.
- the first heat bridge to the heat exchange unreacted exhaust gas It is configured to include a second heat exchange unit 600 via a unit 200, discharged to the outside air.
- the hot box 300 serves to block the reformer 400 and the fuel cell 500 accommodated in the outside to maintain the reaction temperature, preheating is required to the reaction temperature in order to increase the power generation efficiency in the initial operation. .
- the temperature of the hot box 300 is heated to the reaction temperature by using the start burner 100. Assuming that the reaction temperature in the fuel cell 500 is 750 ° C., a combustion gas line 110 is provided to supply air heated by the start burner 100 to the hot box 300. The temperature of 300) is heated to 750 ° C.
- combustion gas line 110 passes through the hot box 300 up and down for convenience of description, in practice, the combustion gas line 110 is wound around the inside of the hot box 300. to be.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a coupling relationship of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the combustion gas line 110 may be surrounded by a plurality of times spaced apart from the outer surface of the fuel cell 500 by a predetermined interval inside the hot box 300.
- FIG. 2 a start burner 100, a hot box 300, a reformer 400, and a fuel cell 500 are illustrated, and configurations of the first and second heat exchangers 200 and 600 are omitted.
- the reformer 400 and the fuel cell 500 provided inside the hot box 300 have a structure arranged up and down with each other, and by this structure, the size of the device can be reduced.
- the start burner 100 is stopped while the hot box 300 is heated to the reaction temperature by the start burner 100.
- the combustion gas line 110 is connected to the first heat exchanger 200, and serves to heat external air supplied from the first heat exchanger 200 to the hot box 300 through heat exchange.
- the heated outside air includes oxygen, and the oxygen, and the heated outside air is taken into the hot box 300 and supplied to the anode 510 of the fuel cell 500.
- Hydrogen is supplied to the cathode 520 of the fuel cell 500 to generate power by reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the reformer 400 is used to supply hydrogen to the cathode 520.
- the reformer 400 includes a reforming unit 420, a main burner 410, and an auxiliary burner 430, and the reforming unit 420 includes steam of the source gas NG and the second heat exchange unit 600. It receives the reformed and supplies hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 500 side.
- the reformer 400 may include a function of oxidizing and removing carbon monoxide as needed.
- the reforming reaction occurring at the reforming unit 420 of the reformer 400 is an endothermic reaction and a continuous supply of heat is required to continue the reforming reaction.
- the reforming unit 420 is heated by the main burner 410 and the auxiliary burner 430.
- the main burner 410 and the auxiliary burner 430 are catalyst burners, and the reforming unit is heated at 800 to 900 ° C. generated by an exothermic reaction in which hydrogen and oxygen are reacted in the unreacted gas discharged from the fuel cell 500. 420 is heated to cause a reforming reaction.
- the reformed source gas NG is supplied to the cathode 520 of the fuel cell 500 as described above.
- Hydrogen is supplied to the cathode 520 of the fuel cell 500, and oxygen is supplied to the anode 510 to generate an electric reaction.
- the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen is an exothermic reaction, and thus the temperature inside the fuel cell 500 and the hot box 300 is increased.
- Oxygen and hydrogen react with each other in the fuel cell 500 to generate electricity, and other gases irrelevant to the reaction, or unreacted oxygen and hydrogen, and steam mixed with the oxygen and hydrogen may react with the anode 510. It is discharged through the connection pipe 530 which is the other side of the cathode 520.
- connection pipe 530 through which the exhaust gas is discharged is sequentially connected to the main burner 410 and the auxiliary burner 430, and the unreacted oxygen and hydrogen are sequentially connected to the main burner 410 and the auxiliary burner 430.
- the exothermic reaction of the supplied oxygen and hydrogen is caused.
- the heat generated is 800 to 900 °C as mentioned above is supplied to the reforming unit 420 to reform the mixed gas of the source gas (NG) and steam to hydrogen gas.
- the separate burner for heating the reforming unit 420 into the main burner 410 and the auxiliary burner 430 is to minimize the discharge of unreacted gas by reacting the oxygen of the exhaust gas with hydrogen stepwise.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the auxiliary burner 430 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 440 to the outside of the hot box 300.
- the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust pipe 440 is heated at the main burner 410 and the auxiliary burner 430 and is close to the reaction temperature, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the second heat exchanger 600 to externally. Heat exchange with water supplied from
- the water heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas in the second heat exchange unit 600 is phase-converted to a steam state, and is mixed with the source gas NG and supplied to the reforming unit 420 as described above.
- the exhaust gas deprived of heat to the water in the second heat exchange unit 600 is supplied to the combustion gas line 110 is supplied to the inside of the hot box 300 again.
- the exhaust gas supplied into the hot box 300 is in a state where the temperature is lowered in the second heat exchanger 600, and the temperature rise in the hot box 300 generated by the exothermic reaction of the fuel cell 500 is increased. Cooling lowers the temperature of the hot box 300 to the reaction temperature.
- the internal temperature of the hot box 300 can continuously maintain the reaction temperature, the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell 500 can be smoothly prevented that the power generation efficiency is lowered.
- the exhaust gas passing through the hot box 300 is supplied to the first heat exchange part 200 again.
- the exhaust gas is heated again while passing through the hot box 300, and heat-exchanges with the outside air introduced from the first heat exchange part 200 to heat the outside air.
- the external air is heated to be supplied into the hot box 300, thereby preventing the internal temperature of the hot box 300 from being changed by supplying the external air at room temperature.
- the exhaust gas heat-exchanged with the outside air is exhausted to the outside.
- the present invention heats the supplied external air so that a change in the internal temperature of the hot box 300 generated when the external air at room temperature is supplied does not occur, thereby preventing a decrease in power generation efficiency as well as a fuel cell. It is possible to cool the increase in temperature due to the exothermic reaction of 500 using the exhaust gas.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 연료전지와 개질기를 수용하는 핫박스;초기 구동시 핫박스의 온도를 반응온도로 가열하는 스타트 버너;상기 스타트 버너의 열 또는 배기가스의 열을 이용하여 흡기되는 외부 공기를 가열하여 상기 연료전지로 공급하는 제1열교환부; 및상기 배기가스의 열을 이용하여 스팀을 발생시켜 공급하며, 온도가 낮아진 상기 배기가스로 연료전지를 냉각시켜 상기 반응온도를 유지하는 제2열교환부를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 개질기는,상기 스팀과 원료가스를 공급받아 수소 가스로 개질하는 개질부; 및상기 개질부를 가열하는 버너를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 버너는,상기 연료전지에서 반응 후 미반응된 수소 및 산소를 반응시키는 발열반응에 의해 상기 개질부를 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 버너는,주버너와 보조버너로 이루어지며, 상기 미반응된 수소 및 산소가 상기 주버너와 상기 보조버너로 순차 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 핫박스 내부를 감싸도록 마련됨과 아울러 상기 제1열교환부에 연결되어, 상기 스타트 버너의 열로 상기 핫박스를 반응온도로 가열함과 아울러 상기 제2열교환부의 배기가스로 상기 핫박스의 온도를 낮춰 반응온도를 유지하는 연소가스라인을 더 포함하는 연료전지 시스템.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/405,153 US9343766B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | Fuel cell system |
JP2015515931A JP5903526B2 (ja) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | 燃料電池システム |
EP13800610.1A EP2858158B1 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2012-0059675 | 2012-06-04 | ||
KR1020120059675A KR101363365B1 (ko) | 2012-06-04 | 2012-06-04 | 연료전지 시스템 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2013183853A1 true WO2013183853A1 (ko) | 2013-12-12 |
Family
ID=49712215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/KR2013/002594 WO2013183853A1 (ko) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | 연료전지 시스템 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9343766B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2858158B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5903526B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101363365B1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2013183853A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101897486B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-09-12 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | 연소 배가스를 이용한 열교환기를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템 |
KR101897500B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-09-12 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | 연료극 가스 또는 연료극 배가스를 이용한 열교환기를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템 |
AT520417B1 (de) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-07-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Stationäres Brennstoffzellensystem mit Heizvorrichtung außerhalb der Hotbox |
EP3614475A1 (de) | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur behandlung wasserstoffhaltiger und sauerstoffhaltiger restgase von brennstoffzellen sowie restgasbehandlungssystem |
KR102352277B1 (ko) | 2021-05-21 | 2022-01-18 | 주식회사 씨에이치피테크 | 수소추출기용 버너 |
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JP5834527B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2015-12-24 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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2012
- 2012-06-04 KR KR1020120059675A patent/KR101363365B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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2013
- 2013-03-28 EP EP13800610.1A patent/EP2858158B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-03-28 WO PCT/KR2013/002594 patent/WO2013183853A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2013-03-28 US US14/405,153 patent/US9343766B2/en active Active
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JP2006318909A (ja) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-11-24 | Modine Mfg Co | 一体型熱交換網を有する高温燃料電池システム |
KR20070096971A (ko) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-02 | 가시오게산키 가부시키가이샤 | 연료전지형 발전장치, 전자기기 및 연료의 처리방법 |
KR100787244B1 (ko) | 2006-11-28 | 2007-12-21 | (주)퓨얼셀 파워 | 안정적인 공기공급장치를 구비한 연료전지 시스템 |
KR20090078700A (ko) * | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-20 | 한국전력공사 | 열적 자립운전이 가능한 고체 산화물 연료전지 시스템 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20130136099A (ko) | 2013-12-12 |
KR101363365B1 (ko) | 2014-02-17 |
EP2858158B1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
US20150194687A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
EP2858158A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
EP2858158A4 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
JP2015519004A (ja) | 2015-07-06 |
US9343766B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
JP5903526B2 (ja) | 2016-04-13 |
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