WO2013183854A1 - 연료전지와 보일러의 복합 시스템 - Google Patents
연료전지와 보일러의 복합 시스템 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013183854A1 WO2013183854A1 PCT/KR2013/002595 KR2013002595W WO2013183854A1 WO 2013183854 A1 WO2013183854 A1 WO 2013183854A1 KR 2013002595 W KR2013002595 W KR 2013002595W WO 2013183854 A1 WO2013183854 A1 WO 2013183854A1
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- fuel cell
- exhaust gas
- heat exchanger
- burner
- boiler
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/005—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system with recuperation of waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
- F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D7/00—Central heating systems employing heat-transfer fluids not covered by groups F24D1/00 - F24D5/00, e.g. oil, salt or gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
- F24H9/001—Guiding means
- F24H9/0026—Guiding means in combustion gas channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0084—Combustion air preheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/14—Arrangements for connecting different sections, e.g. in water heaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
- H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2101/30—Fuel cells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2103/00—Thermal aspects of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2103/10—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units
- F24D2103/13—Small-scale CHP systems characterised by their heat recovery units characterised by their heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/19—Fuel cells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/32—Heat sources or energy sources involving multiple heat sources in combination or as alternative heat sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
- F24D2220/06—Heat exchangers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
- H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler, and more particularly, to a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler that can increase the thermal efficiency of the boiler by using the exhaust gas of the fuel cell.
- Such a fuel cell has a structure in which hydrogen gas or a hydrocarbon, which is fuel, is supplied to a negative electrode, and oxygen is supplied to the positive electrode to generate electricity.
- the fuel cell is named as a battery, it can be regarded as a power generating device that actually generates electricity.
- the fuel cell uses a method of causing an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen without burning fuel and converting the energy difference before and after the reaction into electrical energy.
- a fuel cell is a system that does not generate gases polluting the environment such as NOx and SOx, and has no noise and vibration. It is a clean power generation system with thermal efficiency of 80% or more combined with electricity generation and heat recovery.
- the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is an exothermic reaction, and heat is generated.
- phosphoric acid is mainly used as an electrolyte, and an operating temperature of the phosphoric acid fuel cell is known to be about 200 ° C. This is the maximum temperature allowed by the phosphate electrolyte, and it is known that the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen occurs smoothly at the reaction temperature of 200 ° C., but the heat is generated by the exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the reaction of oxygen may not be smooth and the efficiency may be lowered. Therefore, a cooling structure for cooling the fuel cell is indispensable.
- an electrolyte includes a dissolved carbonate fuel cell using a mixture of lithium carbide and potassium carbide having a low melting point, and the operating temperature of the dissolved carbonate fuel cell is about 650 ° C.
- a hot box is installed.
- Patent No. 10-0787244 is a configuration including an air supply device for supplying oxygen-containing air for efficient combustion of power raw materials, so that the inflow of external air to lower the hot box to an appropriate temperature is made The dual intake method is used, and electric power is produced using the oxygen of the intake air.
- the air taken up in this way is finally exhausted to the outside.
- the exhaust gas has a higher temperature than the outside air, and when exhaust gas is discharged, white smoke may be generated.
- Patent No. 10-0787244 mentions a configuration in which a carbon monoxide remover for removing carbon monoxide to an intake passage to supply oxygen-containing air.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler capable of efficiently utilizing heat of exhaust gas of a fuel cell.
- Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler that can minimize the change in the internal temperature of the hot box by the intake air.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler that can simplify the structure of the system by unifying the intake line and the exhaust line.
- the composite system of the fuel cell and the boiler of the present invention for solving the problems described above is connected to the fuel cell unit and the exhaust pipe of the fuel cell unit to generate electricity through a catalytic reaction by receiving external air and raw material gas. It may include a boiler unit having a latent heat exchanger for recovering the latent heat of the exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit and the latent heat of its own exhaust gas.
- the boiler unit may include a connection pipe connected to the exhaust pipe to guide the exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit to be in contact with a side surface of the latent heat exchanger and to supply the latent heat exchanger.
- the fuel cell unit may include a hot box accommodating a fuel cell and a reformer, a start burner for heating the temperature of the hot box to a reaction temperature during initial operation, and external air intaked using heat of the start burner or heat of exhaust gas.
- a second heat exchanger configured to heat and supply the fuel cell to the fuel cell, and generate and supply steam using the heat of the exhaust gas, and maintain the reaction temperature by cooling the fuel cell with the exhaust gas whose temperature is lowered. It may include a heat exchanger.
- the reformer may include a reforming unit for receiving the steam and the raw material gas and reforming the hydrogen gas, and a burner for heating the reforming unit.
- the burner may heat the reforming unit by an exothermic reaction for reacting unreacted hydrogen and oxygen after the reaction in the fuel cell.
- the burner may include a main burner and an auxiliary burner, and the unreacted hydrogen and oxygen may be sequentially supplied to the main burner and the auxiliary burner.
- It is provided to surround the inside of the hot box and is connected to the first heat exchanger to heat the hot box to the reaction temperature with the heat of the start burner and to lower the temperature of the hot box with the exhaust gas of the second heat exchanger. It may further include a combustion gas line for maintaining the reaction temperature.
- the exhaust gas of the fuel cell by supplying the exhaust gas of the fuel cell to the latent heat exchanger of the boiler to be exchanged with the exhaust gas of the boiler in the latent heat exchanger, the exhaust gas is increased, thereby improving the efficiency of the boiler and unifying the exhaust pipe.
- the effect is to simplify the configuration.
- the present invention provides a means for heating the outside air during the initial operation, and then by continuously heating and supplying the outside air intake by using the exhaust gas, by preventing the change in the temperature inside the hot box according to the outside air inflow, By maintaining the temperature of the hot box at the reaction temperature there is an effect that can prevent the power generation efficiency is lowered.
- the present invention by generating the steam for reforming the raw material gas by using the exhaust gas, and eliminates the increase in heat generated from the fuel cell, and configured to heat the incoming outside air to increase the efficiency of the system configuration
- the effect is to simplify the configuration.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the boiler in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed configuration diagram of the fuel cell unit in FIG. 1.
- connector 160 second heat exchanger
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a fuel cell and a boiler composite system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- a complex system of a fuel cell and a boiler includes a fuel cell unit 100 and latent heat exchanger 20 configured to generate electricity through a catalytic reaction by receiving external air and source gas.
- the exhaust pipe 170 of the fuel cell unit 100 is connected to the front end of the latent heat exchanger 210 and includes a boiler unit 200 to which the exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit 100 is supplied. .
- the fuel cell unit 100 takes in external air including a fuel cell, receives fuel gas such as natural gas, and reforms it into oxygen and hydrogen components to generate electricity through a catalytic reaction in an embedded fuel cell. Let's do it.
- the electricity generated at this time is stored using a storage battery, or directly used.
- the boiler unit 200 may use electricity produced by the fuel cell unit 100 as a power source.
- the fuel cell unit 100 is provided with a discharge pipe 170 for discharging the gas or unreacted gas not involved in the catalytic reaction to the outside, the gas discharged through the discharge pipe 170 is a hot box to be described later It is heated while being used for cooling the fuel cell within.
- the exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit 100 discharged through the discharge pipe 170 is introduced into the front end of the latent heat exchanger 210 of the boiler 200 to recover waste heat from the latent heat exchanger 210. do.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram of the boiler 200.
- the boiler unit 200 includes a blower 210 disposed at an uppermost end thereof, and a downward combustion burner 220, a combustion chamber 230, a sensible heat exchanger 240, and a latent heat exchanger 250.
- the condensate receiver 270 and the condensate outlet 280 is located on the lower side of the latent heat exchanger 250 and the exhaust hood 290 is installed on one side thereof, the sensible heat exchanger 240 and the latent heat exchanger
- It consists of a structure further comprises a connection pipe 263 connected to the discharge pipe 170 between the 250.
- the air supplied through the blower 210 is heated by the downward combustion burner 220, and the heated air is heat-exchanged in the sensible heat exchanger 240 to heat the heating water.
- the heated heating water is transferred to the room through a supply pipe 261 connected to one side of the sensible heat exchanger 240 to transfer the thermal energy, and then cooled to return to the return pipe 262 connected to one side of the latent heat exchanger 250.
- the heating water returned to the return pipe 262 is introduced into the latent heat exchanger 250 again to condense the water vapor contained in the combustion product passing through the sensible heat exchanger 240 to recover latent heat.
- the exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit 100 is supplied together to the latent heat exchanger 250 side through the connection pipe 263, and the latent heat exchanger 250 passes through the sensible heat exchanger 240.
- the thermal efficiency can be improved.
- the exhaust hood 290 may be configured to discharge both the exhaust gas of the boiler unit 200 and the exhaust gas of the fuel cell unit 100, thereby simplifying the apparatus by unifying the exhaust port.
- the connector tube 263 has a bent structure surrounding the side portion of the latent heat exchanger 250 in order to further increase its thermal efficiency, and the fuel cell unit 100 is formed around the latent heat exchanger 250.
- the exhaust gas is supplied to prevent the latent heat exchanger 250 from being locally overheated.
- 3 is a block diagram of the fuel cell unit.
- the fuel cell unit 100 includes a start burner 110 that heats the hot box 130 during an initial operation, and heats external air by heat of the start burner 110 or heat of exhaust gas.
- a first heat exchanger 120 to supply the hot box 130, a reformer 140 to reform the raw material gas NG located in the hot box 130, and the reformer within the hot box 130.
- the fuel cell 150 receives the reformed raw material gas from the 140 and receives the heated external air through the first heat exchanger 120 to generate power through a catalytic reaction, and the fuel cell 150 in the fuel cell 150.
- the unreacted exhaust gas is supplied through the reformer 140 to generate steam using the sensible heat of the unreacted exhaust gas, and is supplied to the reformer 140 together with the raw material gas NG.
- the reaction exhaust gas is discharged to the outside air through the first heat exchange unit 120.
- Claim 2 is configured to include a heat exchanger 160, an exhaust pipe 170 for the first supply of the exhaust gas heat exchanger 120 to the boiler 200.
- the hot box 130 is the outside of the reformer 140 and the fuel cell 150 accommodated to maintain the reaction temperature It serves to block, preheating is required to the reaction temperature in order to increase the power generation efficiency even in the initial operation.
- the temperature of the hot box 130 is heated to the reaction temperature using the start burner 110. Assuming that the reaction temperature in the fuel cell 150 is 750 ° C., a combustion gas line 111 is provided to supply air heated by the start burner 110 to the hot box 130. 130) is heated to 750 °C.
- combustion gas line 111 is shown as passing through the hot box 130 up and down, but in practice, the combustion gas line 111 is wound around the inside of the hot box 130. to be.
- the start burner 110 is stopped while the hot box 130 is heated to the reaction temperature by the start burner 110.
- the combustion gas line 111 is connected to the first heat exchanger 120, and serves to heat external air supplied from the first heat exchanger 120 to the hot box 130 through heat exchange.
- the heated outside air includes oxygen, and the oxygen, and the heated outside air is taken into the hot box 130 and supplied to the anode 151 of the fuel cell 150.
- Hydrogen is supplied to the cathode 152 of the fuel cell 150 to generate power by reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
- the reformer 140 is used to supply hydrogen to the cathode 152.
- the reformer 140 is composed of a reforming unit 142, the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143, the reforming unit 142, the steam of the raw material gas (NG) and the second heat exchange unit (160). It receives the reformed and supplies hydrogen gas to the fuel cell 150 side.
- the reformer 140 may include a function of oxidizing and removing carbon monoxide as needed.
- the reforming reaction occurring at the reforming unit 142 of the reformer 140 is an endothermic reaction and a continuous supply of heat is required to continue the reforming reaction.
- the reformer 142 is heated by the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143.
- the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143 are catalyst burners, and the reforming unit is heated to 800 to 900 ° C. by an exothermic reaction in which hydrogen and oxygen are reacted in the unreacted gas discharged from the fuel cell 150. 142 is heated to cause a reforming reaction.
- the reformed source gas NG is supplied to the cathode 152 of the fuel cell 150 as described above.
- Hydrogen is supplied to the cathode 152 of the fuel cell 150 and oxygen is supplied to the anode 151 to perform an electrical reaction to generate electricity.
- the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen is an exothermic reaction, and thus the temperature inside the fuel cell 150 and the hot box 130 is increased.
- Oxygen and hydrogen react with each other in the fuel cell 150 to generate electricity, and other gases irrelevant to the reaction or unreacted oxygen and hydrogen, and water vapor in which the oxygen and hydrogen are mixed, react with the anode 151. It is discharged through the connection pipe 153 which is the other side of the cathode 152.
- connection pipe 153 through which the exhaust gas is discharged is sequentially connected to the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143, and the unreacted oxygen and hydrogen are sequentially connected to the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143.
- the exothermic reaction of the supplied oxygen and hydrogen is caused.
- the heat generated is 800 to 900 °C as mentioned above is supplied to the reforming unit 142 to reform the mixed gas of the source gas (NG) and steam to hydrogen gas.
- the separate burner for heating the reforming unit 142 into the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143 is to minimize the discharge of the unreacted gas by reacting the oxygen of the exhaust gas with hydrogen stepwise.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the auxiliary burner 143 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 144 to the outside of the hot box 130.
- the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust pipe 144 is heated at the main burner 141 and the auxiliary burner 143 and is close to the reaction temperature, and the exhaust gas is supplied to the second heat exchanger 160 to the outside. Heat exchange with water supplied from
- the water heat-exchanged with the exhaust gas in the second heat exchanger 160 is phase-converted to a steam state, and is mixed with the source gas NG and supplied to the reforming unit 142 as described above.
- the exhaust gas deprived of heat to the water from the second heat exchanger 160 is supplied to the combustion gas line 111 is supplied into the hot box 130 again.
- the exhaust gas supplied into the hot box 130 is in a state where the temperature is lowered in the second heat exchanger 160, and the temperature rise in the hot box 130 generated by the exothermic reaction of the fuel cell 150 is increased. Cooling lowers the temperature of the hot box 130 to the reaction temperature.
- the internal temperature of the hot box 130 can continuously maintain the reaction temperature, the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell 150 can be smoothly prevented to reduce the power generation efficiency.
- the exhaust gas passing through the hot box 130 is supplied to the first heat exchanger 120 again. After passing through the hot box 130, the exhaust gas is heated again, and heat exchanges with external air introduced from the first heat exchanger 120 to heat the external air, and after heating the external air. Is supplied to the boiler 200 through the exhaust pipe 170, and since the following operation has been described in detail above it will be omitted.
- the external air is heated to be supplied into the hot box 130, thereby preventing the internal temperature of the hot box 130 from being changed by supplying the external air at room temperature.
- the present invention heats the supplied external air so that a change in the internal temperature of the hot box 130 generated when the external air at room temperature is supplied does not occur, thereby preventing a decrease in power generation efficiency as well as a fuel cell.
- the increase in temperature due to the exothermic reaction of 150 may be cooled using exhaust gas.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- 외부 공기 및 원료가스를 공급받아 촉매반응을 통해 전기를 발생시키는 연료전지부; 및상기 연료전지부의 배기관에 연결되어 상기 연료전지부의 배기가스의 잠열과 자체 배기가스의 잠열을 함께 회수하는 잠열 열교환기를 구비하는 보일러부를 포함하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 보일러부는,상기 배기관에 연결되어 상기 연료전지부의 배기가스를 상기 잠열 열교환기의 측면에 접하도록 유도하여 상기 잠열 열교환기로 공급하는 연결관을 포함하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 연료전지부는,연료전지와 개질기를 수용하는 핫박스;초기 구동시 핫박스의 온도를 반응온도로 가열하는 스타트 버너;상기 스타트 버너의 열 또는 배기가스의 열을 이용하여 흡기되는 외부 공기를 가열하여 상기 연료전지로 공급하는 제1열교환부; 및상기 배기가스의 열을 이용하여 스팀을 발생시켜 공급하며, 온도가 낮아진 상기 배기가스로 연료전지를 냉각시켜 상기 반응온도를 유지하는 제2열교환부를 포함하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 개질기는,상기 스팀과 원료가스를 공급받아 수소 가스로 개질하는 개질부; 및상기 개질부를 가열하는 버너를 포함하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 버너는,상기 연료전지에서 반응 후 미반응된 수소 및 산소를 반응시키는 발열반응에 의해 상기 개질부를 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 버너는,주버너와 보조버너로 이루어지며, 상기 미반응된 수소 및 산소가 상기 주버너와 상기 보조버너로 순차 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 핫박스 내부를 감싸도록 마련됨과 아울러 상기 제1열교환부에 연결되어, 상기 스타트 버너의 열로 상기 핫박스를 반응온도로 가열함과 아울러 상기 제2열교환부의 배기가스로 상기 핫박스의 온도를 낮춰 반응온도를 유지하는 연소가스라인을 더 포함하는 연료전지와 보일러 복합 시스템.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/405,154 US9917317B2 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | Combined fuel cell and boiler system |
JP2015515932A JP5964502B2 (ja) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | 燃料電池とボイラの複合システム |
EP13801331.3A EP2886964B1 (en) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | Combined fuel cell and boiler system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR10-2012-0059676 | 2012-06-04 | ||
KR1020120059676A KR101392971B1 (ko) | 2012-06-04 | 2012-06-04 | 연료전지와 보일러의 복합 시스템 |
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WO2013183854A1 true WO2013183854A1 (ko) | 2013-12-12 |
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PCT/KR2013/002595 WO2013183854A1 (ko) | 2012-06-04 | 2013-03-28 | 연료전지와 보일러의 복합 시스템 |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US9917317B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2886964B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5964502B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101392971B1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2013183854A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (3)
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KR101576667B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-12-11 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | 콘덴싱 가스보일러의 열교환기 |
DE102019211177A1 (de) * | 2019-07-26 | 2021-01-28 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum automatisierbaren Anfahren einer Dampfreformeranordnung in den Normalbetriebszustand sowie Verwendung sowie Steuerungs-/Regelungseinrichtung sowie Computerprogrammprodukt |
CN112648677A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-04-13 | 李倩雯 | 一种家用新型节能环保采暖炉 |
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- 2013-03-28 JP JP2015515932A patent/JP5964502B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101392971B1 (ko) | 2014-05-08 |
KR20130136100A (ko) | 2013-12-12 |
EP2886964B1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
EP2886964A1 (en) | 2015-06-24 |
JP2015525448A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
JP5964502B2 (ja) | 2016-08-03 |
EP2886964A4 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
US20150104725A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
US9917317B2 (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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