WO2013183168A1 - 電力変換装置内蔵モータ、このモータを内蔵した空気調和機、給湯器、および換気送風機器 - Google Patents
電力変換装置内蔵モータ、このモータを内蔵した空気調和機、給湯器、および換気送風機器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013183168A1 WO2013183168A1 PCT/JP2012/064831 JP2012064831W WO2013183168A1 WO 2013183168 A1 WO2013183168 A1 WO 2013183168A1 JP 2012064831 W JP2012064831 W JP 2012064831W WO 2013183168 A1 WO2013183168 A1 WO 2013183168A1
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- voltage
- motor
- circuit board
- inverter
- resistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
- H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
- H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/13—Discrete devices, e.g. 3 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1304—Transistor
- H01L2924/1305—Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
- H01L2924/13055—Insulated gate bipolar transistor [IGBT]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/181—Encapsulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
- H05K1/0254—High voltage adaptations; Electrical insulation details; Overvoltage or electrostatic discharge protection ; Arrangements for regulating voltages or for using plural voltages
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor with a built-in power conversion device constituted by a power conversion circuit board using a semiconductor module, an air conditioner, a water heater, and a ventilation blower with a built-in motor.
- motors with a built-in drive circuit that are formed of a thermosetting resin such as unsaturated polyester resin by connecting a high-voltage power conversion circuit and a stator are often used for air-conditioning fans.
- the direct current power source for driving the motor is increased to a maximum voltage of 325 V (for example, Patent Document 1 below).
- air-conditioning equipment is often used in areas where power supply conditions are poor, and the maximum value of the voltage of the DC power supply tends to further increase.
- ICs integrated circuits
- ICs mounted on a power converter inside a motor are increasingly used in the above-described surface mount packages because of the demand for miniaturization (for example, Patent Document 2 below).
- Patent Document 2 since an IC used for an air-conditioning blower motor or the like requires a relatively large allowable power consumption, ingenuity is required for mounting in order to effectively dissipate heat generated by the allowable power consumption. .
- the inverter circuit of the motor is connected to the high potential (positive pole of the DC power supply) side of the circuit and melts when an abnormal current is generated in the circuit, and the low potential (negative pole of the DC power supply) of the circuit.
- a shunt resistor or the like is provided for detecting a current flowing in the) side.
- an abnormal current flows also to the shunt resistor. Therefore, if the shunt resistor is burned (disconnected) by the abnormal current, the shunt resistor, which is originally a low resistance, may become a high resistance. There is.
- the resistor connected to the high potential side of the inverter circuit does not flow a current that blows the resistor, and the resistor is not blown. That is, when the shunt resistor burns out due to an abnormal current generated in the inverter circuit, the resistor is not blown, and a voltage corresponding to the abnormal current is continuously applied to the inverter circuit. There is a possibility of damaging parts and motors.
- a resistor that melts when an abnormal current of a predetermined level or more connected to the high potential side of the inverter circuit occurs, and an inverter circuit And a bypass circuit that is connected in parallel to the shunt resistor and bypasses the shunt resistor when an abnormal current flows.
- the inverter circuit can be shut off from the power supply side, and an abnormal voltage can be prevented from being applied to the components of the inverter circuit, the motor, and the like.
- JP 2011-61907 paragraph “0059”, FIGS. 1 and 3)
- JP-A-5-91708 paragraphs “0011” to “0013”, FIG. 4)
- JP 2010-88233 A paragraph “0006”, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2
- the power conversion device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that a human process is required for board mounting because the IC in which the main parts of the power conversion circuit are integrated is a lead type.
- the IC since the IC is disposed on the printed circuit board on the side opposite to the stator, there is a problem that the circuit becomes thick.
- the inverter circuit in the IC causes a vertical short-circuit failure, the IC high voltage power supply terminal and the surrounding substrate copper foil are provided on the side opposite to the stator, so that the influence of the IC breakdown affects the outside of the motor.
- the power conversion device disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a problem in that the mechanical connection strength with the printed circuit board is weaker than that of lead mounting because the IC and the board are surface-mounted and the solder area cannot be increased. . Further, in the power conversion device shown in Patent Document 2, since the semiconductor chip of the switching power element is directly mechanically connected to the printed board, it is not a printed board using a resin base material for chip heat dissipation, Since it is necessary to use a substrate using a metal or a sintered base material, there is a problem that it is expensive.
- the high heat dissipation substrate (a substrate using a metal or a sintered base) is generally a single-sided wiring, there is a problem that the wiring efficiency is lower than that of a double-sided board and the board area is increased. .
- the high voltage wiring from the IC terminal Cannot be placed under and around the IC.
- the routable area is very narrow. Accordingly, there is a problem in that a high-voltage wiring may not be arranged on a printed board having a copper foil only on the side opposite to the stator.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and can be miniaturized, and the inverter circuit operates normally while preventing abnormal voltage from being applied to the components of the inverter circuit. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a motor with a built-in power conversion device that can reduce loss of current flowing when the air flows, an air conditioner with a built-in motor, a water heater, and a ventilation fan.
- the present invention is a motor with a built-in power conversion device having a substrate on which a semiconductor module for converting a voltage of an external power source into a high-frequency voltage and supplying it to a stator is mounted.
- the substrate is provided with a high-voltage circuit ground of the semiconductor module and a low-voltage circuit ground of the semiconductor module, and the high-voltage circuit ground and the low-voltage circuit ground are connected at one point via a resistor. It is characterized by.
- the present invention even when a high-voltage DC voltage is applied to the low-voltage circuit, the short-circuit current is limited by the low-power capacity resistor, and when the time has elapsed, the resistor is disconnected and the high-voltage DC voltage is Since the circuit is cut off, it is possible to reduce the size and loss of current that flows when the inverter circuit is operating normally while preventing abnormal voltage from being applied to the components of the inverter circuit. There is an effect that it can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view and a top perspective view of a power conversion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and a motor incorporating the power conversion device.
- FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram of the resistor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the inverter IC mounted on the power conversion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of an IC chip in the inverter IC of the power conversion device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram around the IC chip in the inverter IC of the power conversion device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view and a top perspective view of a power conversion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and a motor incorporating the power conversion device.
- FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram of the resistor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the power conversion apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining merits when a plurality of printed circuit boards according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention are taken out from a single circuit board.
- FIG. 8 is an overall external view of an air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the indoor unit in the air conditioner according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view and a top perspective view of a motor 61 incorporating a power conversion device 60 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the lower side of FIG. 1 shows a surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the stator 3 side (hereinafter referred to as “stator side”) viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG.
- the motor 61 includes a power conversion device 60, a stator 3, a rotor 16, and a bearing 9 as main components.
- the power converter 60 mainly includes a printed circuit board 1 formed in a substantially 1 ⁇ 2 arc shape, an inverter IC 2, a motor terminal 5 that is an input terminal of each phase of the motor 61, and a rotational position of the rotor 16.
- the printed circuit board 1 on which a power conversion circuit for rotating the motor 61 is mounted is incorporated.
- An inverter IC 2 that is a part of the power conversion circuit is mounted on the printed board 1.
- the inverter IC2 incorporates a main circuit of a voltage type inverter for applying a voltage to a winding which is a copper wire or an aluminum wire of the stator 3 of the motor 61.
- an annular stator 3 in which a winding is wound around a stator core (not shown) is disposed on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on which the inverter IC 2 is mounted.
- the stator 3 and the printed circuit board 1 are mechanically connected by a thermosetting mold resin 4 such as unsaturated polyester.
- An outer shape of the motor 61 constituting the bearing housing 9a is formed by the mold resin 4 on the surface of the printed board 1 on the side opposite to the stator.
- the surface on the side opposite to the stator of the printed circuit board 1 is pressed by a mold (not shown) that contacts the position indicated by the reference numeral 100.
- the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the stator side is pressed by the starter 3 and a mold that contacts the position indicated by reference numeral 101.
- the surface of the anti-stator of the printed circuit board 1 is pressed by the mold on both the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side (six locations indicated by reference numeral 100 indicated by dotted circles).
- the inner peripheral side of the printed circuit board 1 (two locations indicated by reference numeral 101 indicated by solid circles). Only) is held by the mold. Thereafter, a resin is poured into the mold to mold the mold resin 4. Since this mold is removed after the molding resin 4 is molded, holes are formed at locations indicated by reference numerals 100 and 101 so that the printed circuit board 1 is directly exposed.
- the printed circuit board 1 and the stator 3 are electrically connected by a motor terminal 5 by soldering so that a voltage from the printed circuit board 1 to the stator 3 is applied.
- a Hall element 6 disposed so as to be surrounded by the stator 3 is mounted on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the stator side, and an overheat detection element 14 is installed in the vicinity of the inverter IC2.
- a motor external connection lead 7 is installed on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the side opposite to the stator in order to electrically connect the printed circuit board 1 and the outside of the motor 61.
- a high-voltage input line 17 and a low-voltage input / output line 18 extend from the motor external connection lead 7 to the outside.
- a rotor penetration hole 8 that is not filled with the mold resin 4 and is hollow in a cylindrical shape is provided in the inner peripheral portion of the stator 3, and a rotor that is a rotor of the motor 61 is provided in the rotor penetration hole 8. 16 is arranged.
- a bearing through hole 10 is formed on the inner peripheral side of the printed circuit board 1. The bearing through-hole 10 communicates with the rotor through-hole 8 so that the main shaft (not shown) of the rotor 16 penetrates the mold resin 4 to the bearing housing 9a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the printed circuit board 1.
- a bearing 9 is accommodated in the bearing through hole 10, and a main shaft (not shown) of the rotor 16 is passed through an inner ring (not shown) of the bearing 9.
- the inverter IC 2 includes a heat spreader 13, a high voltage electrode 11, and a low voltage electrode 12 as main components.
- the high voltage electrode 11 and the low voltage electrode 12 form a dual in-line electrode of the inverter IC2.
- the high voltage electrode 11 inputs a high voltage DC voltage obtained by full-wave rectification or voltage double rectification of the commercial power supply outside the motor 61.
- the high-voltage DC voltage is converted into a high-frequency voltage, and the high-voltage electrode 11 outputs the high-frequency voltage to the motor terminal 5.
- these high-voltage electrodes 11 are provided with an inverter IC 2 and a printed circuit board, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 in consideration of the installation position of the motor terminal 5 so that the wiring (motor output wiring 105) on the printed circuit board 1 is shortened. 1 is provided between the outer peripheral side of 1.
- the high-voltage input line 17 is electrically connected to the copper foil 104 which is a copper foil provided on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the stator side via the motor external connection lead 7.
- One end of the copper foil 104 is electrically connected to the high-voltage input line 17 by solder, and the other end of the copper foil 104 is electrically connected to the high-voltage electrode 11 provided in the inverter IC 2 by solder.
- the motor output wiring 105 which is a copper foil provided on the surface opposite to the stator of the printed circuit board 1 in the vicinity of the copper foil 104, is electrically connected at one end to the motor output terminal in the high voltage electrode 11 of the inverter IC2, The other end is electrically connected to the motor terminal 5.
- One end of the motor output wiring 105 is connected on the side opposite to the stator, and the other end of the motor output wiring 105 is connected on the stator side.
- the inverter IC 2 has a high-voltage main circuit system ground (hereinafter “high-voltage circuit ground GP”) and a low-voltage circuit control circuit ground (hereinafter “low-voltage circuit ground GS”).
- the control system circuit has functions such as determining the switching pattern of the high-voltage main circuit according to the output signal of the Hall element 6 and limiting the output current of the high-voltage main circuit according to the overheat state detected by the overheat detection element 14.
- the resistor Rg shown in FIG. 1 is a resistor that electrically connects the high-voltage circuit ground GP and the low-voltage circuit ground GS.
- the resistor Rg is disposed on the stator side of the printed circuit board 1, and the high-voltage circuit ground GP and the low-voltage circuit ground GS are connected, for example, at one point via the resistor Rg. Details of the resistor Rg will be described later.
- the power conversion device 60 includes at least the printed circuit board 1, the inverter IC 2 mounted on the printed circuit board 1, the motor terminal 5, the Hall element 6, the motor external connection lead 7, and the overheat detection element 14. It is configured.
- the motor 61 includes the power conversion device 60 and the stator 3, which are mechanically coupled with the mold resin 4, the rotor 16, the bearing 9, and a main shaft (not shown).
- the inverter IC 2 and the overheat detection element 14 correspond to the “semiconductor module” and “overheat detection means” of the present invention, respectively.
- FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram of the resistor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a represents a ceramic substrate
- b represents a conductor
- c represents a resistor
- d represents an overcoat
- e represents (color code or the like)
- f represents a metal electrode.
- the resistor Rg is surface-mounted on the printed circuit board 1, and then the printed circuit board 1 is molded with the mold resin 4.
- the resistor c is surrounded by a ceramic substrate a, a metal electrode f, and an overcoat d.
- a modal resin 4 mainly a bulk mold compound (BMC) resin based on glass
- BMC bulk mold compound
- the periphery of the resistor c is covered with a nonflammable material such as glass (d), ceramic (a), and metal (f) without a gap. Therefore, discoloration and deformation of the periphery of the resistor Rg due to temperature when the resistor c is melted can be minimized, and an effect that the discoloration and deformation cannot be seen from the outside of the motor can be obtained.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the inverter IC2 mounted on the power conversion device 60 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows an IC package 23, a metal lead frame 22, a bonding wire 21, a heat spreader 13, a high voltage electrode 11, and a low voltage electrode 12, which are components of the inverter IC2.
- the IC chip 20, the bonding wire 21, and the metal lead frame 22 are covered with an IC package 23 that is a highly heat conductive resin.
- the IC chip 20 is composed of a wide band gap semiconductor such as silicon or SiC.
- the bonding wire 21 is made of a metal wire such as gold, copper, or aluminum, and one end thereof is electrically connected to a metal electrode (an aluminum wiring 25 described later) on the IC chip 20 by ultrasonic melting, and the other end. Is electrically connected to the metal lead frame 22.
- the IC chip 20 is provided on a heat spreader 13 having a large plate thickness in order to efficiently release heat, and is thermally and mechanically connected to the heat spreader 13 by soldering or silver paste.
- the IC chip 20 is electrically, thermally, and mechanically connected to the thick heat spreader 13 by soldering or silver paste. Therefore, the transient heat generation among the heat generation from the IC chip 20 is stored in the heat spreader 13 and the transient temperature rise of the IC chip 20 is suppressed.
- the IC chip 20, the bonding wire 21, and the metal lead frame 22 are covered with an IC package 23 to form the main body of the inverter IC2.
- the main body of the inverter IC2 is formed by a high voltage electrode 11, a low voltage electrode 12, and a heat spreader 13 extending from the main body.
- the IC chip 20 and the heat spreader 13 are disposed close to the metal lead frame 22, and the IC chip 20 is thermally and mechanically connected to the IC package 23. Therefore, regarding the heat generation from the IC chip 20, the steady heat generation is radiated from the high voltage electrode 11 and the low voltage electrode 12 to the outside of the IC chip 20 through the metal lead frame 22, and further, the IC chip through the IC package 23. 20 is radiated to the outside.
- the IC chip 20 and the IC package 23 correspond to “semiconductor chip” and “thermal conductive resin” of the present invention, respectively.
- FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the IC chip 20 in the inverter IC2 of the power conversion device 60 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the IC chip 20 is provided with a plurality of semiconductor elements constituting switching elements, and an electrical connection between the semiconductor elements and external electrodes (such as the metal lead frame 22 shown in FIG. 2) is provided above each semiconductor element.
- a plurality of aluminum wirings 25 for obtaining are provided. These aluminum wirings 25 are electrically connected to the metal lead frame 22 described above.
- a silicon oxide film 26 having high insulation performance for insulating the aluminum wirings 25 is formed.
- the IC chip 20 according to the first embodiment is compared with a general IC, that is, an IC in which a plurality of semiconductor elements are arranged on the metal lead frame 22 and electrical connection is made between the semiconductor elements by bonding wires 21.
- a general IC that is, an IC in which a plurality of semiconductor elements are arranged on the metal lead frame 22 and electrical connection is made between the semiconductor elements by bonding wires 21.
- the arrangement of the aluminum wiring 25 has a degree of freedom.
- the high voltage electrode 11 and the low voltage electrode 12 can be provided separately in a very small space.
- the IC chip 20 is provided with an insulating isolation layer 29 (for example, silicon oxide) having a high insulating property in order to provide electrical insulation between the plurality of semiconductor single crystal islands 27 constituting the semiconductor element and the polycrystalline silicon 28 covering the periphery thereof. ) Is formed.
- the polycrystalline silicon 28 is thermally and mechanically connected to the heat spreader 13 described above.
- the insulating separation layer 29 is made of, for example, silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) that can ensure sufficient insulation performance even with a thin film.
- the IC chip 20 can dispose the semiconductor single crystal island 27 in an island shape on the same chip by providing the insulating isolation layer 29 having a high insulating property, and can provide a switching element that requires high voltage insulation. Can be mixed.
- the IC chip 20 is smaller than a general IC, that is, an IC in which a plurality of semiconductor elements are arranged with a predetermined insulation distance and each of these semiconductor elements is mounted on a metal lead frame 22. Therefore, the inverter IC 2 body can be downsized.
- the IC chip 20 since a low-voltage circuit can be configured on the same chip, a control low-pressure chip or a chip for high-low pressure separation is not required outside, and they are also mounted on the metal lead frame 22 and the printed circuit board 1. There is no need to electrically connect the wires. Thereby, a power converter circuit and by extension, the power converter 60 whole can be made remarkably small.
- the semiconductor single crystal island 27 corresponds to the “semiconductor element” of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram around the IC chip 20 in the inverter IC2 of the power conversion device 60 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the high-voltage DC power supply 38 is a high-voltage DC voltage obtained by full-wave rectification or voltage doubler rectification of the commercial power supply outside the motor 61, and this voltage is input to the IC chip 20.
- the IGBT 34 is a switching element formed on the semiconductor single crystal island 27 of the IC chip 20 described above.
- the IGBT 34 is ON / OFF driven by the upper arm driving circuit 35a and the lower arm driving circuit 35b, and converts the input DC voltage into a high frequency voltage. Convert.
- Each of the six IGBTs 34 shown in FIG. 5 has a free-wheeling diode connected in antiparallel.
- the high frequency voltage from the IGBT 34 is applied from the high voltage electrode 11 to the winding of the stator 3 via the motor terminal 5.
- the rotational position signal of the rotor 16 detected by the Hall element 6 is converted into a low-pressure pulse signal by a logic circuit inside the IC chip 20 and output to the outside from the rotational speed output line 31. Further, the IC chip 20 adjusts the output voltage of the inverter by changing the switching pulse width of the six IGBTs 34 based on the low-voltage analog signal voltage input from the outside via the output voltage command input line 32. To do. At this time, the power supply of the upper arm drive circuit 35a that drives the IGBT 34 of the upper arm among the inverters constituted by the six IGBTs 34 is generated by the charge pump diode 33 and the external capacitors C1 and C2. Further, the opposite side of the winding of the stator 3 connected to the motor terminal 5 (see FIG. 1) is electrically connected by a neutral point connection 39 to form a star connection motor.
- the overheat detection element 14 As the overheat detection element 14, a positive temperature resistance element having a steep resistance characteristic with respect to temperature is used, and the overheat detection element 14 converts the detected temperature into a resistance value. This resistance value is input to the overcurrent protection terminal.
- the overheat detection element 14 detects the overheat state of the inverter IC2 by giving the overcurrent protection level a temperature characteristic, and detects that the inverter IC2 and the stator 3 are overheated. In this case, the inverter IC2 limits or stops the current supplied to the stator 3 via the high-voltage electrode 11, and prevents the inverter IC2 and the like from being destroyed due to overheating.
- the low-voltage circuit ground GS shown in FIG. 5 is a ground of a control circuit system that is a low-voltage circuit, and is provided, for example, on the stator side of the printed circuit board 1.
- This control system circuit has a function of determining the switching pattern of the high-voltage main circuit according to the output signal of the Hall element 6, and a function of limiting the output current of the high-voltage main circuit according to the overheat state detected by the overheat detection element 14.
- the high-voltage circuit ground GP is a power ground of the high-voltage main circuit system of the inverter IC2, and is provided on the stator side of the printed circuit board 1, for example.
- the high-voltage circuit ground GP and the low-voltage circuit ground GS are connected, for example, at one point via the resistor Rg.
- the “GL” terminal of the IC chip 20 is connected to the ground (GS), but one end of the resistor Rg is connected to this ground, and the other end of the resistor Rg is connected to the high-voltage circuit ground GP. It is connected.
- Rs shown in FIG. 4 is a shunt resistor for current detection, and its size is 3216 (power rating: 1/4 W) type, its parallel arrangement or lead type (for example, 1/2 W to 2 W type). is there.
- the resistor Rg used in the present embodiment is a chip resistor of 1608 (1/16 W) to 2125 (1/8 W) type, and has a smaller size and power rating than the shunt resistor Rs.
- the resistance value of the resistor Rg is the resistance value of the high voltage power wiring from the high voltage DC power supply 38 to the high voltage power supply inputs Vs1 and Vs2 of the IC chip 20, the resistance value of the lead frame (not shown) inside the IC chip 20, or the bonding.
- the resistance value of the wire 21 is equal to or larger than the resistance value.
- the IGBT 34 of the IC chip 20 is in the upper and lower short-circuit failure mode due to input of different voltage, generation of surge voltage, etc., in the power conversion circuit, first, the shunt resistor Rs having the highest resistance value on the power wiring becomes an open failure. .
- the voltage of the high-voltage DC power supply 38 is concentrated on the IC chip 20, and the high-voltage DC power supply 38 and the low-voltage circuit are conducted inside the IC chip 20.
- a high-voltage DC voltage is applied to the low-voltage circuit, and power concentration occurs in the low-voltage circuit. For this reason, parts (Hall element, overheat protection circuit, etc.) connected to the low voltage circuit are destroyed, and there is a concern about sound generation and light emission at the time of destruction.
- the low-voltage circuit ground GS and the high-voltage circuit ground GP have a resistance value equal to or higher than the resistance value of a normal power line, and one point through the resistor Rg having a small power capacity. It is connected. For this reason, the resistor Rg limits the short-circuit current before the above-described low-voltage circuit is destroyed. When the time further elapses, the resistor Rg where the power concentration has occurred is disconnected, and the high-voltage DC voltage is cut off.
- the resistor Rg can be mounted on the stator side of the printed circuit board 1 as a surface-mounted component so that the resistor Rg can be mounted simultaneously with other surface-mounted components, and
- the resistor Rg can be arranged at a position far from the mold surface. That is, the resistance from the surface of the mold resin 4 to the resistor Rg when the resistor Rg is mounted on the anti-stator surface, and the resistance from the surface of the mold resin 4 when the resistor Rg is mounted on the stator surface
- the distance to the body Rg is compared, the latter distance is longer than the former distance, and the thickness of the mold resin 4 is relatively thick. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an effect that the sound and light emission when the resistor Rg is melted are difficult to understand from the outside of the motor.
- the resistor Rg has a current value of about 5 to 50 mA that flows when the inverter circuit operates normally (hereinafter referred to as “normal current”). Since such a current flows through the ground line of the low-voltage circuit, a resistor Rg having a low power capacity can be used as compared with the case where a resistor having the same resistance value is provided on the high-voltage wiring side.
- the low-voltage circuit ground GS and the high-voltage circuit ground GP have a small power capacity and a resistance value equal to or greater than the resistance value of a normal power line. It is connected at one point via the body Rg. Therefore, it can be seen that the improvement effect in the destruction mode is great.
- the semiconductor single crystal island 27 constituting the IGBT 34 may be constituted by a wide band gap semiconductor such as GaN (gallium nitride), SiC (silicon carbide), or diamond. Since the wide band gap semiconductor has high heat resistance and withstand voltage and high allowable current density, the IGBT 34 formed on the IC chip 20 can be downsized, and the inverter IC 2 can be downsized. In addition, since the wide band gap semiconductor has low power loss, it is possible to configure the IGBT 34 that can operate with high efficiency.
- a wide band gap semiconductor such as GaN (gallium nitride), SiC (silicon carbide), or diamond. Since the wide band gap semiconductor has high heat resistance and withstand voltage and high allowable current density, the IGBT 34 formed on the IC chip 20 can be downsized, and the inverter IC 2 can be downsized. In addition, since the wide band gap semiconductor has low power loss, it is possible to configure the IGBT 34 that can operate with high efficiency.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of power conversion device 60 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the copper foil 50 shown in FIG. 6 is formed of a circuit wiring pattern on the printed circuit board 1 or lands for electrically, thermally, and mechanically connecting the printed circuit board 1 and components by soldering.
- a Hall element 6, an overheat detection element 14, and an inverter IC 2 are disposed on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the stator side via a copper foil 50.
- the inverter IC2 is connected to the copper foil 50 by solder via the high voltage electrode 11 and the low voltage electrode 12. Further, the overheat detecting element 14 is electrically and thermally connected to the low voltage electrode 12 through the copper foil 50.
- the through hole 51 is a hole penetrating from the stator side surface of the printed circuit board 1 to the anti-stator side surface.
- the surface of the hole is plated, and the copper foil 50 on the stator side surface of the printed circuit board 1 and the copper foil 50 on the surface opposite to the stator side of the printed circuit board 1 are electrically connected by plating applied to the through hole 51. Connected thermally and thermally.
- the motor terminal 5 is provided through the through hole 51 from the surface on the stator side of the printed circuit board 1 to the surface on the side opposite to the stator.
- the motor terminal 5 melts thread-like solder from the copper foil 50 provided on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the side opposite to the stator, and is electrically connected to the stator-side copper foil 50 through the through hole 51. Since the stator-side copper foil 50 is connected to the high voltage electrode 11 of the inverter IC 2, the motor terminal 5 is electrically connected to the high voltage electrode 11.
- the high voltage input line 17 is electrically connected to one end of the copper foil 104 provided on the stator side surface of the printed circuit board 1 by solder.
- the other end of the copper foil 104 is electrically connected to the high-voltage electrode 11 provided in the inverter IC 2 by solder.
- the copper foil 104 and the copper foil 50 shown around the motor terminal 5 are represented as being connected to one high-voltage electrode 11 for the purpose of illustration. However, it is assumed that the copper foil 104 and the copper foil 50 are connected to different high-voltage electrodes 11, respectively.
- the motor external connection lead 7 is mounted not as a connector type but as a lead wire type on the surface opposite to the stator of the printed circuit board 1 in order to electrically connect an external power source (such as a high-voltage DC voltage) and the inverter IC 2. .
- an external power source such as a high-voltage DC voltage
- the motor 61 is mounted on an air conditioner or the like, moisture may adhere to the outline of the motor 61.
- the motor external connection lead 7 is a connector type, when this moisture adheres between the high and low voltage electrodes in the connector, these electrodes may be short-circuited.
- the motor external connection lead 7 is a lead wire type, such a short circuit can be avoided and the reliability of the motor 61 can be ensured.
- the heat spreader 13 is electrically, thermally, and mechanically connected by the copper foil 50 and solder, like the high voltage electrode 11 and the low voltage electrode 12. Further, the heat spreader 13 is thermally connected to the copper foil 50 provided on the surface opposite to the stator of the printed circuit board 1 through the copper foil 50 applied to the through hole 51.
- the surface-mounted inverter IC 2 has a package size larger than that of the Hall element 6 and the overheat detecting element 14, and therefore receives a large amount of heat shrinkage stress at the time of molding of the surrounding mold resin 4 and after molding. Cutting is easy to occur.
- the heat spreader 13 is mechanically strongly connected to the copper foil 50 by solder, the inverter IC 2 is less susceptible to the heat shrinkage stress of the mold resin 4.
- the inverter IC 2 has a dramatic mechanical connection strength with the printed circuit board 1 as compared with an IC that is connected by soldering only ordinary circuit electrodes (such as the high-voltage electrode 11 and the low-voltage electrode 12). And solder breakage is reduced. As a result, it is possible to incorporate the power conversion device 60 in the motor 61 molded with the mold resin 4.
- the heat spreader 13 is thermally connected to the copper foil 50 by solder on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on the stator side, and further thermally connected to the copper foil 50 on the side opposite to the stator via the through hole 51. Yes. Thereby, the heat generated in the inverter IC 2 can be radiated to the side opposite to the stator of the printed circuit board 1.
- the overheat detecting element 14 and the inverter IC 2 are surface-mounted on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 on which the Hall element 6 is disposed.
- these components are electrically connected at one time by remelting the cream solder applied to the copper foil 50 (reflow soldering). And mechanically connectable.
- the connection of the motor external connection leads 7 and the motor terminals 5 that need to be soldered after the printed circuit board 1 is divided (detailed in FIG. 7). It becomes possible not to apply solder to the land for use (to prevent the application of solder with a metal mask).
- the inverter IC2 by improving the temperature detection performance of the overheat detecting element 14, it is possible to surface-mount the inverter IC2 with the thickest heat spreader 13 among the mounted parts of the printed circuit board 1 on the printed circuit board on the stator side. It is. As a result, there is a margin in the mold space on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 opposite to the stator, so that the stator 3 can be thickened by the margin to obtain a motor 61 with a large output, or the margin can be thinned. By doing so, a thin and compact motor 61 with the same output can be obtained.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the merits when a plurality of printed circuit boards 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention are taken out from one board.
- FIG. 7 shows an example on one board. The example which shape
- the printed circuit board 1 according to the first embodiment is such that the neutral point connection 39 (see FIG. 5) of the stator 3 is not mounted, and an inverter in which a plurality of high-voltage elements are integrated on the IC chip 20 that is a one-chip semiconductor.
- the package is downsized.
- the semicircular arc-shaped printed circuit board 1 having a cross-sectional area of 1 ⁇ 2 or less can be formed.
- the inner diameter portion of the printed circuit board 1 is formed in a semicircular arc shape so that a bearing (not shown) can be provided.
- the inner peripheral part of the printed circuit board 1 is formed in a semicircular arc shape. Therefore, when forming a plurality of printed circuit boards 1 on a single substrate, the printed circuit board 1 is printed by arranging the printed circuit boards 1 so that the inner diameter portions of the printed circuit boards 1 face each other and the arc centers of the inner diameter portions are offset from each other. The inner periphery of the substrate 1 can be used effectively. In other words, a plurality of printed circuit boards 1 can be formed at a high density on a single substrate, and the utilization efficiency of the substrate for forming the printed circuit board 1 can be improved.
- the inner periphery of a conventional printed circuit board is formed in an annular shape, when an electronic component is connected to the printed circuit board using flow solder, the solder in the solder bath is blown through the through part. Go up. In order to prevent this blow-up, a step of applying a plate for closing the through portion is required before the flow soldering step, and a step of removing this plate is also required after the soldering step.
- the printed circuit board 1 according to the first embodiment has a semicircular inner diameter portion instead of an annular inner peripheral portion, the aforementioned steps can be reduced when soldering by flow soldering. It can be manufactured at low cost.
- the motor with a built-in power converter is mounted on the substrate (printed circuit board 1) on which the semiconductor module (inverter IC2) that converts the voltage of the external power supply into a high-frequency voltage and supplies it to the stator 3 is mounted.
- the substrate printed circuit board 1
- the semiconductor module inverter IC2 that converts the voltage of the external power supply into a high-frequency voltage and supplies it to the stator 3 is mounted.
- a built-in power converter 60 having a high-voltage circuit ground (high-voltage circuit ground GP) of the semiconductor module and a low-voltage circuit ground (low-voltage circuit ground GS) of the semiconductor module.
- the high-voltage circuit ground GP and the low-voltage circuit ground GS are connected at one point via the resistor Rg, a voltage surge can be obtained even if a new resistor other than the shunt resistor Rs is not placed on the main wiring of the high-voltage DC power.
- the sound and light emission when an abnormal voltage such as is applied can be made difficult to leak outside the motor.
- the printed circuit board 1 and the motor 61 can be downsized because a resistor having a small power capacity is sufficient as compared with the case where a resistor is inserted in the power line.
- electric power can be interrupted by fusing resistor Rg, fusing of bonding wire 21 inside the IC can be suppressed.
- the resistor Rg prevents the bonding wire 21 from fusing. Therefore, it is possible to make it difficult for the light emission accompanying the fusing of the bonding wire 21 to leak outside the motor.
- the resistor Rg according to the first embodiment is mounted on the surface of the printed circuit board 1 that faces the stator 3, the resistor Rg can be mounted simultaneously with the inverter IC2, so that the substrate is manufactured by one reflow soldering. It is possible to reduce the cost. Further, the resistor Rg can be arranged at a position far from the mold surface. Therefore, the sound and light emission when the resistor Rg is melted are not easily transmitted to the outside of the motor, and the user's anxiety can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is an overall external view of the air conditioner 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the indoor unit 70 in the air conditioner 200.
- the indoor unit 70 hung on the indoor wall is connected to an outdoor unit 80 installed outdoors via a refrigerant pipe 90. Further, the indoor unit 70 incorporates an indoor blower 71 described later, and the outdoor unit 80 is provided with an outdoor blower 81.
- the indoor unit 70 includes a suction port 73 provided on the upper surface of the indoor unit 70, an indoor heat exchanger 72, an indoor blower 71, a blowout air passage 74, and a blowout port 75 as main components. It is configured.
- the indoor heat exchanger 72 exchanges heat between the indoor air and the refrigerant, and the indoor blower 71 sucks indoor air from the suction port 73 and passes the air through the indoor heat exchanger 72 to exchange heat.
- the air is conditioned and blows into the room.
- the indoor heat exchanger 72 extends from the rear upper part of the indoor unit 70 to the vicinity of the front middle stage, is bent from the middle front part of the indoor unit 70 toward the lower front part, and surrounds the front side of the indoor blower 71.
- the indoor blower 71 is a line flow fan that is rotatably provided so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the indoor unit 70.
- the motor 61 (refer FIG. 1) with which the power converter device 60 which concerns on Embodiment 1 was incorporated is connected with the edge part of the longitudinal direction of the indoor air blower 71 in order to rotationally drive the indoor air blower 71.
- FIG. . a blowout air passage 74 through which conditioned air circulates is formed in the lower portion of the indoor blower 71.
- the blower outlet 75 is provided in the lower part of the indoor unit 70 in order to discharge the conditioned air which has circulated through the blowout air passage 74 to the outside.
- the indoor heat exchanger 72 functions as an evaporator when the air conditioner 200 is performing a cooling operation, and the refrigerant inside the indoor heat exchanger 72 evaporates, so that the passing indoor air is cooled. .
- the indoor heat exchanger 72 functions as a condenser, and the passing indoor air is heated.
- the conditioned air that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 72 passes through the blowout air passage 74 and is blown into the room from the air outlet 75 by the continuous rotation of the indoor blower 71.
- the air volume of the conditioned air blown out is adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the motor 61 connected to the indoor blower 71.
- the air conditioner 200 according to the second embodiment particularly, by mounting the motor 61 according to the first embodiment on the indoor blower 71, the indoor heat exchange by the amount that the motor 61 is reduced in size.
- the size of the device 72 can be increased, and sound and light emission when an abnormal voltage such as a voltage surge is applied can be made difficult to leak outside the motor. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an air conditioner that has high energy saving performance and can reduce anxiety to the user when an abnormality occurs.
- the air conditioner 200 according to the second embodiment can increase the heat exchange performance at the time of start-up by mounting the motor 61 according to the first embodiment on the indoor blower 71, and can be set in a short time. It can reach the temperature and improve the comfort of the user.
- the wind speed is increased by increasing the output of the motor 61, the temperature unevenness in the room can be eliminated, the comfort of the user can be improved, and at the same time, the anxiety to the user when an abnormality occurs is reduced. can do.
- the structure of the air conditioner 200 shown by FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 demonstrated above, especially the indoor unit 70 is an example, The structure is not limited by these.
- the example in which the motor 61 according to the first embodiment is used as the indoor blower 71 of the indoor unit 70 has been described.
- the air conditioner 200 according to the second embodiment is limited to this.
- the motor 61 may be used for the outdoor blower 81 of the outdoor unit 80.
- the power conversion device 60 uses a high-voltage DC voltage that has undergone full-wave rectification or voltage doubler rectification as the high-voltage DC power supply 38. Therefore, compared to a circuit built-in motor using a low-voltage power supply of 30 V or less using a step-down power supply, the breaking energy of the wire and its surroundings at the time of a Si or SiC element chip short-circuit failure is orders of magnitude greater. If the resistance value of the high-voltage wiring system at the time of the short-circuit failure is R and the DC power supply voltage is V, the amount of heat generated at the time of breakdown is V 2 / R.
- the resistance at the time of a short-circuit failure is the direction in which the high-voltage power element having a larger chip cross-sectional area becomes smaller. Even if the resistance is the same, the power supply voltage has a difference of 5 to 10 times or more, and the breakdown energy is 25 to 100 More than double. As a result, it is easy to emit light and sound outside the motor and equipment, and to give anxiety to the user. In order to eliminate such anxiety, it is first required not to cause thermal destruction. Also, it is desirable to have a structure in which light emission and pronunciation are not perceived by a user outside the device in the event of element breakdown.
- the resistor Rg is arranged on the stator side. Therefore, the surface of the sound or light generated by the energy when the high-breakdown-voltage IC chip 20 driven by the high-voltage DC voltage 38 is broken, that is, the surface of a resin hole (such as a mold hole indicated by reference numeral 100 in FIG. 1). The sound and light generated through the mold resin 4 on the side opposite to the stator having a small thickness from the printed circuit board 1 to the printed circuit board 1 are reduced, and the user's anxiety can be reduced.
- the one-chip inverter IC is used for the main circuit of the inverter.
- the same effect can be obtained by using a high-voltage surface-mount type multi-chip inverter IC and a discrete main element. Not too long.
- examples of the wide band gap semiconductor include silicon carbide, gallium nitride-based material, and diamond.
- Switching elements and diode elements formed by such wide band gap semiconductors have high voltage resistance and high allowable current density, so that switching elements and diode elements can be miniaturized.
- elements and diode elements it is possible to reduce the size of a semiconductor module incorporating these elements. In these elements, the ON resistance at the time of top and bottom short circuit is lower than that of the narrow gap Si semiconductor, so that a short circuit current flows much, the degree of damage of the wire and its surroundings is large, and the effect of arranging the copper foil on the stator surface is higher. Become.
- the heat spreader 13 can be reduced in size.
- the cooling method can be changed from water cooling to air cooling, thereby further reducing the size of the semiconductor module. It becomes possible. Therefore, since the metal lead frame 22 is shorter than that of the Si element, the degree of damage of the wire and its periphery is large, and the effect of arranging the copper foil 104 on the stator surface is enhanced.
- both the switching element and the diode element are desirably formed of a wide band gap semiconductor, either one of the elements may be formed of a wide band gap semiconductor, and the effect described in this embodiment Can be obtained.
- the double-sided through-hole substrate using the copper foil 50 is used for the printed circuit board 1, but the substrate is not configured by a base material made of another metal or an insulating material, etching, or the like. Needless to say, the same effect can be obtained even if double-sided wiring is used.
- the air conditioner has been described as the motor-equipped device.
- the motor 61 may be used for a ventilation fan device.
- the motor 61 as a motor of a ventilation blower that blows out indoor air to the outside, it goes without saying that the same effects as described above, such as thinning of the device and improvement of the blowing performance, can be obtained.
- the improvement of the air blowing performance is particularly effective when it is desired to discharge moisture and odor in a short time in a bathroom or a toilet.
- the air conditioner has been described as the motor-equipped device.
- the motor 61 may be used for a water heater.
- the motor 61 for a blower in a hot water heater or a fluid pump in a hot water heater for heating water with a refrigerant, the same effects as described above such as thinning of the apparatus and improvement of the blowing performance can be obtained.
- the improvement of the high temperature and high load performance is particularly effective when pumping high temperature hot water which is a factor for increasing the ambient temperature of the motor.
- the present invention can be applied mainly to a motor incorporating a power conversion device, an air conditioner incorporating this motor, a water heater, and a ventilation fan, and in particular, downsizing can be achieved.
- the present invention is useful as an invention capable of reducing the loss of current that flows when the inverter circuit is operating normally while preventing abnormal voltages from being applied to the components of the inverter circuit.
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Abstract
Description
(電力変換装置60およびモータ61の構成)
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置60を内蔵したモータ61の側断面図および上面透視図である。図1の下側には、図1の矢印Aの方向から見たプリント基板1のステータ3側(以下「ステータ側」)の面が示されている。モータ61は、主たる構成として、電力変換装置60と、ステータ3と、ロータ16と、ベアリング9とを有して構成されている。また電力変換装置60は、主たる構成として、略1/2円弧状に形成されたプリント基板1と、インバータIC2と、モータ61の各相の入力端子であるモータ端子5と、ロータ16の回転位置を検出するホール素子6と、モータ外部接続リード7と、インバータIC2の過熱状態を検知する過熱検知素子14とを有して構成されている。
図3は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置60に実装されたインバータIC2の構成図である。図3には、インバータIC2の構成要素であるICパッケージ23、金属リードフレーム22、ボンディングワイヤ21、ヒートスプレッダ13、高圧電極11、および低圧電極12が示されている。ICチップ20、ボンディングワイヤ21、および金属リードフレーム22は、高熱伝導性の樹脂であるICパッケージ23によって覆われている。ICチップ20は、シリコンまたはSiC等のワイドバンドギャップ半導体によって構成されている。このボンディングワイヤ21は、金、銅もしくはアルミ等の金属線材で構成され、超音波溶融によって、その一端がICチップ20上の金属電極(後述するアルミ配線25)と電気的に接続され、その他端が金属リードフレーム22と電気的に接続されている。ICチップ20は、熱を効率的に放出するために板厚が厚く形成されたヒートスプレッダ13上に設けられ、半田付けまたは銀ペーストによって、ヒートスプレッダ13と熱的および機械的に接続されている。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置60のインバータIC2におけるICチップ20の構造図である。ICチップ20には、スイッチング素子を構成する複数の半導体素子が設けられ、各半導体素子の上部には、半導体素子と外部電極(図2に示される金属リードフレーム22など)との電気的接続を得るためのアルミ配線25が複数設けられている。これらのアルミ配線25は、前述した金属リードフレーム22と電気的に接続される。ICチップ20上には、各アルミ配線25同士の絶縁をとるための絶縁性能の高い酸化シリコン膜26が形成されている。そのため、実施の形態1に係るICチップ20は、一般的なIC、すなわち複数の半導体素子を各々金属リードフレーム22に配置してボンディングワイヤ21によって各半導体素子間の電気的接続をとるICと比較して、アルミ配線25の配置に自由度がある。また、ICチップ20を用いることによって、非常に小さいスペースで高圧電極11と低圧電極12とを分離して設けることが可能である。
図6は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置60の断面図である。図6に示される銅箔50は、プリント基板1上の回路配線パターン、または、プリント基板1と部品とを半田により電気的、熱的、および機械的に接続させるためのランドによって形成されている。プリント基板1のステータ側の面には、銅箔50を介してホール素子6、過熱検知素子14、およびインバータIC2が配置されている。インバータIC2は、高圧電極11および低圧電極12を介して半田によって銅箔50に接続されている。また、過熱検知素子14は、この銅箔50を介して低圧電極12と電気的および熱的に接続されている。
図7は、本発明の実施の形態1に係るプリント基板1を1枚の基板から複数枚取り出すときにおけるメリットを説明するための図であり、図7には、一例として1枚の基板上に、実施の形態1に係るプリント基板1を成形した例が示されている。
(空気調和機200の構成)
図8は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る空気調和機200の全体外観図であり、図9は、同空気調和機200における室内機70の横断面図である。
次に、室内機70の基本的な動作について説明する。使用者がリモコン等を操作することによって空気調和機200の運転が開始されたとき、室内送風機71に連結されたモータ61が回転駆動し、その回転に連動して室内送風機71が回転駆動する。この室内送風機71の回転によって室内空気が吸込口73から吸い込まれる。吸い込まれた室内空気は、室内送風機71の連続的な回転によってさらに室内熱交換器72を通過し、この室内熱交換器72内部を流通する冷媒と熱交換される。室内熱交換器72は、空気調和機200が冷房運転を実施している場合には蒸発器として機能し、室内熱交換器72の内部の冷媒が蒸発するため、通過する室内空気は冷却される。一方、空気調和機200が暖房運転を実施している場合、室内熱交換器72は、凝縮器として機能し、通過する室内空気は加熱される。このように、室内機70に吸い込まれた室内空気は、室内熱交換器72を通過する際に、室内熱交換器72によって熱交換され、使用者が要求する調和空気となる。室内熱交換器72を通過した調和空気は、室内送風機71の連続的な回転によって、吹出風路74を通過して吹出口75から室内に吹き出される。また、この室内送風機71に連結されたモータ61の回転数が変化することによって、吹き出される調和空気の風量が調整される。
以上に説明したように、実施の形態2に係る空気調和機200は、特に室内送風機71へ実施の形態1に係るモータ61を搭載することによって、モータ61が小型化された分だけ室内熱交換器72のサイズを大きくすることができると共に、電圧サージ等の異常電圧が投入された際の発音や発光がモータ外部に漏れに難くすることができる。そのため、省エネ性能が高く、かつ、異常発生時における使用者への不安感を軽減することができる空気調和機を得ることができる。
Claims (8)
- 外部電源の電圧を高周波電圧に変換してステータへ供給する半導体モジュールが実装された基板を有する電力変換装置を内蔵したモータであって、
前記基板には、前記半導体モジュールの高圧回路グランドと、前記半導体モジュールの低圧回路グランドと、が設けられ、
前記高圧回路グランドと低圧回路グランドとは、抵抗体を介して一点で接続されていることを特徴とする電力変換装置内蔵モータ。 - 前記抵抗体は、前記基板のステータと対向する面に実装されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータ。
- 前記半導体モジュールは、複数の半導体素子が形成された半導体チップを有し、
前記半導体チップは、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体によって構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータ。 - 調和空気を設置室内に吹き出す室内機と、
この室内機内に設置され、その吹出口から前記調和空気を送り出す室内送風機と、
前記室内機と冷媒配管によって接続され、外気と熱交換を実施する室外機と、
を備え、
前記室内送風機には、請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータが設けられていることを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 調和空気を設置室内に吹き出す室内機と、
前記室内機と冷媒配管によって接続され、外気と熱交換を実施する室外機と、
この室外機内に設置され、外気をこの室外機内に送り込む室外送風機と、
を備え、
前記室外送風機には、請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータが設けられていることを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 冷媒により水を加熱するための送風機に、請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータが設けられていることを特徴とする給湯器。
- 冷媒により水を加熱するための流体ポンプに、請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータが設けられていることを特徴とする給湯器。
- 室内空気を室外に吹き出す換気送風機器であって、請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置内蔵モータが設けられていることを特徴とする換気送風機器。
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