WO2013150983A1 - 複合酸化物ブラック顔料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
複合酸化物ブラック顔料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013150983A1 WO2013150983A1 PCT/JP2013/059627 JP2013059627W WO2013150983A1 WO 2013150983 A1 WO2013150983 A1 WO 2013150983A1 JP 2013059627 W JP2013059627 W JP 2013059627W WO 2013150983 A1 WO2013150983 A1 WO 2013150983A1
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- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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- C09C1/24—Oxides of iron
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/62—Metallic pigments or fillers
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/62—Metallic pigments or fillers
- C09C1/627—Copper
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/48—Stabilisers against degradation by oxygen, light or heat
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
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- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/63—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values a* (red-green axis)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/64—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values b* (yellow-blue axis)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite oxide black pigment having a neutral gray hue and excellent near-infrared absorption characteristics, an article obtained by using this composite oxide black pigment, an infrared shielding composition, a synthetic leather, and this
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a composite oxide black pigment.
- infrared cut materials materials that can reflect or shield infrared rays
- infrared cut materials materials that can reflect or shield infrared rays
- ITO indium oxide
- ATO antimony-doped tin oxide
- Carbon black is black in dark color, but when made into a thin film, it becomes yellowish and has a brownish hue. For this reason, in order to adjust this hue, the carbon black is used after being subjected to a blue tint or the like.
- Organic black pigments include perylene black and azomethine azo black. However, these organic black pigments transmit light in the infrared region without absorbing it. Further, it is known that the light resistance is inferior to that of inorganic pigments.
- the most frequently used carbon black when made into a thin film, has a yellowish dull color and a brownish hue. For this reason, it cannot be said that the clear neutral gray has a vivid blue hue. Further, since perylene black exhibits a reddish purple hue when it is formed into a thin film, it cannot be said that it exhibits a clear neutral gray clear bluish color. And azomethine azo black has a preferable hue, but does not absorb light in the infrared region. Moreover, even with inorganic pigments, there are currently few materials that have excellent light transmission, a clear neutral gray, vivid blue, and excellent infrared absorption performance.
- the pigment used as described above is required to have light resistance. For this reason, the expectation with respect to the inorganic pigment excellent in light resistance compared with an organic pigment is increasing.
- a copper (Cu) -manganese (Mn) -iron (Fe) complex oxide black pigment having a high tinting strength and a bluish hue prepared by a wet method is known (Patent Documents 1 to 6). 3).
- composite oxides that exhibit black color and have absorptivity in a wavelength range from the visible light region to the infrared region are known (Patent Documents 4 to 6).
- carbon black is used for an optical film for display aimed at a neutral gray color tone (Patent Documents 7 and 8).
- Patent Documents 1 to 6 can obtain a clear neutral gray clear blue color suitable for coloring LCDs, PDPs, and organic EL panels. It wasn't.
- the optical films and the like described in Patent Documents 7 and 8 have a color tone adjusted to neutral gray using a color pigment other than carbon black together with carbon black. For this reason, the clear, neutral gray and vivid bluish color of the intended use was not obtained.
- none of the patent literatures have examined the evaluation of the absorption characteristics in the wavelength range of 800 to 1500 nm and the method for maximizing the absorption in the wavelength range.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to obtain a clear neutral gray clear blue color by using it alone. At the same time, it is to provide a composite oxide black pigment that has a maximum absorption in the near infrared region and has excellent absorption characteristics in the near infrared region, and a method for producing the same. Moreover, the subject of the present invention is to provide an article, an infrared shielding composition, and a synthetic leather, which are provided with a clear neutral gray clear bluish color and have excellent absorption characteristics in the near infrared region. There is to do.
- a composite oxide black pigment having a minimum wavelength in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm has a minimum wavelength in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm, the molar ratio of manganese / iron is 3/1 to 30/1, and the molar ratio of copper / (manganese + iron) is 1/2 to 1
- the composite oxide black pigment according to [1] which has a spinel structure represented by a composition of Cu (Mn, Fe) 2 O 4 and has a BET specific surface area of 30 m 2 / g or more.
- item shown below is provided.
- [5] A transparent base material, and the composite oxide black pigment according to any one of [1] to [4] disposed in a dispersed state on at least one of a surface and an inside of the transparent base material.
- [6] The article according to [5], wherein the a value is ⁇ 4 to 0 and the b value is ⁇ 8 to 0 in the CIE LAB (L * a * b * ) color system.
- the following infrared shielding composition coating agent is provided.
- An infrared shielding composition comprising a resin material and the composite oxide black pigment according to any one of [1] to [4].
- the infrared shielding composition according to [7] further including at least one infrared shielding material selected from the group consisting of tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, and conductive zinc oxide.
- a synthetic leather comprising a skin layer comprising the coating agent according to any one of [7] to [9].
- the manufacturing method of the complex oxide black pigment shown below is provided.
- a composite oxidation process comprising: a step of forming a pigment precursor by oxidizing with an oxidizing agent simultaneously with or after the precipitation of the coprecipitate; and a step of pulverizing after firing the formed pigment precursor Method of manufacturing black pigment.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention can obtain a clear neutral gray clear bluish color when used alone and has excellent absorption characteristics in the near infrared region. For this reason, if the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is used, a clear blue color of transparent neutral gray that has never been obtained is given, and the absorption characteristics in the near infrared region are excellent, and the temperature rise suppressing effect Can be obtained.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the measurement results of spectral transmittance of the composite oxide black pigment (measurement sample) obtained in Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Example 1. It is a graph showing the measurement result of the spectral transmittance of the composite oxide black pigment (measurement sample) obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, and CB, AMA, and ATO (measurement sample). It is a temperature rise curve which shows the result of the confirmation test (1) of the temperature rise inhibitory effect. It is a graph showing the measurement result of the spectral transmittance of the complex oxide black pigment (sample for measurement) obtained in Examples 8 and 9 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention has a characteristic of absorbing visible light and near infrared light, and is composed of oxides of main component metals including copper, manganese, and iron.
- the minimum wavelength at which the transmittance is minimized is in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm, particularly in the wavelength range of 400 to 1000 nm.
- the maximum wavelength at which the transmittance is maximum in the wavelength range of 400 to 1000 nm is in the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention has such optical characteristics, a clear neutral gray vivid bluish color can be obtained by single use. Further, the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is soft and excellent in dispersibility despite being extremely fine particles. Furthermore, even if it does not contain an element such as chromium (Cr), the desired transparent neutral gray clear blue color can be obtained, which is excellent in safety and has high utility value.
- Cr chromium
- the transmittance of the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention in a predetermined wavelength range is, for example, 300 to 2500 nm using a spectrophotometer (trade name “U-4100”, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.). This can be confirmed by measuring the transmittance.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention has a low transmittance in the wavelength range of 500 to 1500 nm from visible light to infrared light, and exhibits stronger absorption in this wavelength region. Is.
- a black pigment having a spinel structure composed of oxides of main component metals including copper, manganese, and iron is useful among the composite oxides.
- a Cu—Mn—Fe based composite oxide black pigment having a spinel structure represented by the composition of Cu (Mn, Fe) 2 O 4 the composition of manganese (Mn) / iron (Fe) (molar ratio) It was found that the absorption characteristics in the near infrared region can be remarkably improved by adjusting (). For example, when the composition has a large manganese / iron molar ratio (many manganese and little iron), the absorption in the near infrared region increases.
- the manganese / iron molar ratio is 3/1 to 30/1, preferably 4/1 to 10/1. .
- the hue becomes yellowish and shows a transmittance curve that approximates carbon black. For this reason, high absorptivity in the near infrared region cannot be obtained.
- the molar ratio of manganese / iron exceeds 30/1 (the ratio of iron decreases)
- the hue is yellowish, it tends to be difficult to absorb light in the near infrared region.
- the absorptivity in the near-infrared region tends to increase as the hue bluish increases. That is, the complex oxide black pigment of the present invention exhibits a double effect that it shows a clear bluish hue and is excellent in light absorption in the near infrared region.
- the coloring power and particle diameter of the resulting composite oxide black pigment vary depending on the increase or decrease of the copper content. For this reason, it is preferable to appropriately control the copper content.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention preferably has a spinel structure represented by a composition of Cu (Mn, Fe) 2 O 4 .
- the molar ratio of copper / (manganese + iron) is 1/2 to 1.2 / 2, preferably 1/2 to 1.1 / 2.
- the hue becomes dull and the coloring power decreases.
- the introduction amount of the divalent metal is preferably 2 to 10 mol%, more preferably 4 to 8 mol% in terms of the copper.
- the BET specific surface area of the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is preferably 30 m 2 / g or more, and more preferably 40 m 2 / g or more.
- the BET specific surface area is 30 m 2 / g or more, the haze can be lowered to 10% or less.
- the thing of 40 m ⁇ 2 > / g or more can make haze 3% or less especially, and a more excellent thing with high transparency is obtained.
- the BET specific surface area of the composite oxide black pigment was measured by a nitrogen adsorption method in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z8830-1990 using a BET specific surface area measuring device (trade name “NOVA-2000”, manufactured by Quantachrome). can do.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is used, an article having a bluish neutral gray color can be produced.
- Such an article can be easily obtained by disposing the composite oxide black pigment in a dispersed state on the surface of or inside the transparent substrate according to a conventionally known method.
- the transparent substrate include glass, acrylic, PET, polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyimide, acrylic silicon, a plate made of fluororesin, a bottle, and a film.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is used by mixing in order to compensate for the effects that cannot be obtained with colorless and transparent ITO (tin-doped indium oxide) and ATO (antimony-doped tin oxide). Is also preferable.
- CIE L * a * b * color system (color space) which is expressed by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) and expresses a visible color as a color space.
- CIE L * a * b * color system a color is expressed by three coordinates, lightness is “L * ”, red (magenta) to green is “a * ” (positive is magenta, negative is green) , Yellow to blue correspond to “b * ” (positive is yellow, negative is blue), respectively.
- the neutral gray tone is ideally displayed when both the a and b values are close to zero.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention when used, for example, an article having an a value of ⁇ 4 to 0, preferably ⁇ 2 to 0, and a b value of ⁇ 8 to 0, preferably ⁇ 8 to ⁇ 3. Can be manufactured. Since the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention can provide an article having the above-mentioned color tone when used alone, there are many advantages in terms of quality stability, production and material costs, and the possibility of being effectively used. Is expensive.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is excellent in dispersibility despite being fine particles. For this reason, the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is useful as a resin coloring material (resin colorant).
- the type of resin to be colored is not particularly limited. For example, vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, fluorine resin, silicon resin, polyurethane resin, polyphenylene sulfide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyimide resin, rosin ester resin , Acrylic resins, and cellulose resins.
- about 0.2 parts by mass of the composite oxide black pigment is added to 100 parts by mass of these resins, and then kneaded using a roll, and then formed into various shapes such as a sheet. As a result, there can be obtained a colored resin molded product having almost no pigment-biased particles and uniformly colored.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention contains a resin material and the above-described composite oxide black pigment.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is capable of obtaining a clear neutral gray and vivid blue color, and is excellent in absorption characteristics in the near infrared region.
- the infrared shielding composition of the present invention containing this composite oxide black pigment is used as a coating agent or an adhesive, a clear neutral gray vivid blue color is imparted, and a near red color It is possible to produce a coating film, an adhesive film, and the like that are excellent in external absorption characteristics and have a temperature rise suppressing effect, and articles having such a coating film, an adhesive film, and the like.
- Resin materials include polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, silicon resin, fluorine resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, alkoxysilane resin, phenol resin, polyvinyl butyral resin, polyimide resin Examples include resins, rosin ester resins, and cellulose resins. These resin materials can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the infrared shielding composition may contain various solvents such as water, a water-soluble organic solvent, and a water-insoluble organic solvent.
- the infrared shielding composition may be either an aqueous composition or a solvent composition.
- the infrared shielding composition preferably further contains an infrared shielding material.
- an infrared shielding material By including a combination of the infrared shielding material and the above-described composite oxide black pigment, the coating film or the adhesive film has a further improved temperature rise suppression effect, and such a coating film or an adhesive film is included. Articles can be manufactured. A conventionally well-known thing can be used as an infrared shielding material. In particular, by using an infrared shielding material with high whiteness and excellent transparency, the effect of temperature rise can be further suppressed without impairing the clear blue color of the transparent neutral gray of the composite oxide black pigment. Can be improved.
- ITO tin-doped indium oxide
- ATO antimony-doped tin oxide
- conductive zinc oxide examples of such an infrared shielding material.
- Infrared shielding materials such as ITO, ATO, and conductive zinc oxide are almost colorless but slightly yellowish.
- a neutral gray hue is required so as not to impair the balance of R (red), G (green), and B (blue).
- Black organic pigments have no absorption in the infrared region.
- Carbon black (CB) has a slightly yellow hue. For this reason, it cannot be said that a black organic pigment or CB is preferable as a black coloring pigment for a display.
- Some CBs are bluish. However, the particle size of such a bluish CB is relatively large, does not have a neutral gray hue, and is inferior in transparency.
- the complex oxide black pigment of the present invention can obtain a preferable hue without inhibiting the absorption in the infrared region, and can increase the absorption in the near infrared region.
- the colorless infrared shielding material does not absorb visible light and has the property of absorbing infrared light, but does not absorb much light in the near infrared region up to about 1500 nm. Moreover, almost no organic pigment having absorption in the infrared region is found. Furthermore, there are almost no inorganic pigments having excellent transparency and absorption in the infrared region. In contrast, the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention has a large absorption in the near infrared region. Therefore, by combining the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention with a colorless infrared shielding material that does not absorb much light in the near infrared region, the absorption wavelength region of both is complemented, and light in a wider infrared region is obtained. Can be absorbed.
- Synthetic leather can be produced by using the above infrared shielding composition. That is, the synthetic leather of the present invention includes a skin layer made of the aforementioned infrared shielding composition.
- the synthetic leather of the present invention uses an infrared shielding composition containing a composite oxide black pigment as a coating agent, and has a skin layer formed by this coating agent. For this reason, the synthetic leather of the present invention exhibits a clear neutral gray clear bluish color, is excellent in absorption characteristics in the near-infrared region, and is imparted with a temperature rise suppressing effect. Therefore, the synthetic leather of the present invention is useful, for example, as an interior material for vehicles.
- the synthetic leather of the present invention will be described with an example of the production method.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the synthetic leather of the present invention.
- the infrared shielding composition as the coating agent described above is applied onto the surface of the release paper 11 so as to have an appropriate film thickness, and a coating film is formed.
- a coating film is formed.
- the kind of resin material contained in a coating agent is not specifically limited, For example, a polycarbonate type non-yellowing polyurethane resin etc. can be used suitably.
- the skin layer 12 can be formed on one surface of the release paper 11 by drying the formed coating film while heating as necessary.
- the adhesive layer 13 can be formed on the surface of the skin layer 12 by applying an adhesive on the surface of the skin layer 12 so as to have an appropriate film thickness, and then drying while heating as necessary. it can.
- the adhesive usually contains a resin, a solvent such as toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, and dimethylformamide, and a component such as a crosslinking agent.
- a resin such as toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, and dimethylformamide
- a component such as a crosslinking agent.
- the formed adhesive layer 13 is placed on the surface of a base material such as a woven fabric to form a laminate, and then pressed and heated as necessary, and then the release paper 11 is peeled off. 20 can be obtained.
- the white adhesive layer 13 provided with light reflectivity can be formed by using an adhesive containing a white pigment. That is, it is possible to produce a synthetic leather having a double structure provided with a skin layer having excellent absorption characteristics in the near infrared region and exhibiting a temperature rise suppressing effect and an adhesive layer exhibiting light reflectivity. Synthetic leather having such a double structure is particularly useful as an interior material for vehicles such as automobiles.
- a composite oxide black pigment having a clear neutral gray and vivid blue hue can be obtained by suppressing the entry of trivalent ions into the A site of the spinel structure.
- the inventors of the present invention provide salts of main component metals (copper, manganese, and iron) constituting the composite oxide black pigment, and salts of divalent metals (Ca and / or Mg) used as necessary.
- the method for producing a composite oxide black pigment according to the present invention comprises adding an alkaline agent to a mixed aqueous solution of a metal salt containing a main component metal to precipitate a coprecipitate, and simultaneously with or after depositing the coprecipitate. And a step (1) of generating a pigment precursor by oxidation, and a step (2) of pulverizing the generated pigment precursor after firing.
- a step (1) of generating a pigment precursor by oxidation and a step (2) of pulverizing the generated pigment precursor after firing.
- a metal salt containing a main component metal is dissolved to prepare a mixed aqueous solution.
- the metal salt salts used in the production of conventional composite oxide black pigments such as sulfates, nitrates, chlorides and acetates can be used.
- the concentration of the metal salt in the mixed aqueous solution is suitably about 5 to 50% by mass.
- This mixed aqueous solution is simultaneously dropped into a preliminarily prepared precipitation medium together with an alkaline aqueous solution such as caustic soda as a precipitant.
- the reaction concentration in terms of metal salt is not limited to a particularly bad influence on the precipitation product (coprecipitate), but 0.05 to 0.2 mol / liter in consideration of workability and subsequent steps.
- the dried product tends to be very hard and the yield tends to be low.
- the composite may be non-uniform.
- the temperature at which the coprecipitate is deposited may be a normal temperature in the wet method. Specifically, it is preferable to deposit (synthesize) the coprecipitate at 0 to 100 ° C. However, as the synthesis temperature increases, the generated particles grow faster and the particle size tends to increase. For this reason, the coloring power of the resulting composite oxide black pigment tends to be impaired, and the aggregation also becomes strong, which may adversely affect the dispersibility. Therefore, the synthesis temperature is preferably 30 ° C. or lower.
- the pH at which the coprecipitate precipitates is preferably in the range of 11 to 13.5.
- the pH at which the coprecipitate precipitates is less than 11, the resulting composite oxide black pigment particles tend to be large.
- the excess alkali agent is preferably added after precipitation of the coprecipitate.
- the excess amount of the alkali agent is preferably 1.1 to 1.5 times, more preferably about 1.1 times the number of moles of the alkali agent required for coprecipitation (precipitation). In this way, the coprecipitate is precipitated while stirring over 30 minutes to 1 hour, and then matured for about 5 to 20 minutes to complete the coprecipitation (precipitation) reaction.
- the precipitated coprecipitate is oxidized with an oxidizing agent to convert the divalent metal ion to a trivalent metal ion.
- the oxidation treatment may be performed simultaneously with the precipitation of the coprecipitate in the coprecipitation system, or may be performed in the coprecipitation system or in another liquid phase after completion of the coprecipitation reaction.
- aging the coprecipitate after the oxidation treatment is preferable because the uniformity of the coprecipitate is improved and the purity is increased. If the coprecipitate is not aged, the color developability may be impaired by the stored impurities. By aging the coprecipitate, it is possible to obtain a composite oxide black pigment that is more excellent in color developability, and finer and excellent in dispersibility.
- the oxidizing agent include known oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium chlorate, ammonium sulfite, and air (oxygen).
- oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium chlorate, ammonium sulfite, and air (oxygen).
- an oxidizing agent such as sodium chlorate
- the coprecipitate will be strongly condensed and the dispersibility of the resulting composite oxide black pigment will be increased. May decrease.
- hydrogen peroxide or air (oxygen) as an oxidizing agent because a composite oxide black pigment having a softer and better dispersibility can be obtained.
- the amount of the oxidizing agent used may be an amount necessary for the divalent metal to be oxidized into the trivalent metal ion.
- the temperature for aging the coprecipitate is not particularly limited, but may be 50 to 90 ° C. After aging for about 1 hour, filtering and washing with water, and then drying at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C., a pigment precursor that is a dried coprecipitate can be obtained.
- step (2) the obtained pigment precursor is fired and then pulverized.
- the firing temperature is usually 500 to 700 ° C., preferably 550 to 600 ° C., and firing is preferably performed in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the firing time may be 30 minutes to 1 hour.
- a complex oxide black pigment having a desired BET specific surface area can be obtained.
- the pulverization may be performed according to a conventionally known method, and may be dry, wet, or a combination of dry and wet. In the pulverization treatment, for example, an attritor, a ball mill, a vibration mill, a jet mill, a bead mill, a spray dryer, or the like can be used.
- the compound is a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase. It can also be confirmed by X-ray fluorescence analysis that a divalent metal is introduced into the composite oxide black pigment.
- Example 1 Water was added and completely dissolved in 120 parts of copper sulfate, 130 parts of manganese sulfate, and 53.4 parts of iron sulfate to prepare 1000 parts of a mixed salt aqueous solution.
- water was added to 120 parts of caustic soda and completely dissolved to prepare 1000 parts of an aqueous caustic soda solution.
- the prepared mixed salt aqueous solution and caustic soda aqueous solution were simultaneously added dropwise to 1600 parts of water as a precipitation medium to complete the precipitation reaction over 1 hour.
- the pH of the reaction solution was adjusted to a range of 12.0 to 13.0.
- Example 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment.
- PHR (pigment (g) / resin (g)) ⁇ 100)
- the pigment was sufficiently dispersed to form a paint to obtain a paint.
- the obtained paint was applied onto a PET film with a # 6 bar coater. After drying, baking was performed at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a measurement sample.
- the film thickness of the coating film formed on the obtained measurement sample was 3 to 4 ⁇ m.
- the transmittance of the measurement sample in the wavelength range of 300 to 2500 nm was measured.
- Table 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm.
- This measurement sample has a transmittance of about 40 to 50% in the visible part, and it can be seen that the transmitted light has a neutral gray hue. Further, in the visible light region, the transmittance at the minimum wavelength near 700 nm was the smallest, the transmittance gradually increased, and the absorption in the near infrared region was large.
- the paint was applied onto white art paper using a 6 mil applicator, dried, and baked at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a measurement sample.
- the film thickness of the coating film formed on the obtained measurement sample was 23 ⁇ m.
- a spectrophotometer (trade name “U-400”, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), the reflectance of the measurement sample in the wavelength range of 300 to 2500 was measured. As a result, the reflectance in the wavelength range of 300 to 1500 nm was 2% or less, and it was confirmed that it has absorption characteristics in the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that 120 parts of copper sulfate, 130 parts of manganese sulfate, and 53.4 parts of iron sulfate were used, and 3.6 parts of calcium chloride were dissolved in the precipitation medium (water).
- the obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase.
- Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment.
- Example 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm.
- Example 3 A composite oxide black pigment having a BET specific surface area of 47.5 m 2 / g (implementation) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 120 parts of copper sulfate, 144.4 parts of manganese sulfate and 29.7 parts of iron sulfate were used.
- Example 3 was obtained.
- the obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase.
- Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, a paint was prepared and a measurement sample was prepared.
- the transmittance of the prepared measurement sample was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, it was confirmed that the wavelength range was maximal and minimal as in the previous example. Table 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm. This measurement sample was more bluish than the measurement sample obtained in Example 2, and the transmittance in the near-infrared region was also reduced.
- Example 4 A composite oxide black pigment having a BET specific surface area of 43.3 m 2 / g (implemented in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 120 parts of copper sulfate, 152.1 parts of manganese sulfate and 16.7 parts of iron sulfate were used) Example 4) was obtained.
- the obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase.
- Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, a paint was prepared and a measurement sample was prepared.
- the transmittance of the prepared measurement sample was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the wavelength had a maximum wavelength with a maximum transmittance in the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm, and that the wavelength had a minimum wavelength with a minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm. .
- Table 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm. This measurement sample was more bluish than the measurement sample obtained in Example 2, and the transmittance in the near-infrared region was also reduced.
- Example 5 Example 2 except that 120 parts of copper sulfate, 144.4 parts of manganese sulfate and 29.7 parts of iron sulfate were used, and 5.0 parts of magnesium chloride was dissolved in the precipitation medium (water) together with calcium chloride. Similarly, a complex oxide black pigment (Example 5) having a BET specific surface area of 49.2 m 2 / g was obtained. The obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase. In addition, Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment.
- Example 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm. This measurement sample was more bluish than the measurement sample obtained in Example 2, and the transmittance in the near-infrared region was also reduced.
- Example 6 A composite oxide black pigment having a BET specific surface area of 40.6 m 2 / g (Example 6) except that 120 parts of copper sulfate, 157 parts of manganese sulfate and 8.6 parts of iron sulfate were used. ) The obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase. In addition, Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, a paint was prepared and a measurement sample was prepared. The transmittance of the prepared measurement sample was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm. The hue of this measurement sample was the same as that in Example 4, but it was slightly dull and the coloring power was reduced.
- Example 7 A complex oxide black pigment having a BET specific surface area of 50.6 m 2 / g (implementation) was carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 132 parts of copper sulfate, 144.4 parts of manganese sulfate and 29.7 parts of iron sulfate were used. Example 6) was obtained. The obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase. In addition, Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, a paint was prepared and a measurement sample was prepared.
- the transmittance of the prepared measurement sample was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the wavelength had a maximum wavelength with a maximum transmittance in the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm, and that the wavelength had a minimum wavelength with a minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm. .
- Table 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm.
- the hue of this measurement sample was the same as that of Example 3, was strong blue, and had a low transmittance in the near infrared region.
- Example 1 A composite oxide black pigment having a BET specific surface area of 47.3 m 2 / g (comparative), except that 120 parts of copper sulfate, 121.7 parts of manganese sulfate, and 66.7 parts of iron sulfate were used.
- Example 1 The obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase.
- Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, a paint was prepared and a measurement sample was prepared. The transmittance of the prepared measurement sample was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 A composite oxide black pigment having a BET specific surface area of 49.5 m 2 / g (comparative), except that 108 parts of copper sulfate, 144.4 parts of manganese sulfate, and 29.7 parts of iron sulfate were used.
- Example 2 was obtained.
- the obtained composite oxide black pigment was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that it was a single compound having a spinel structure and having no heterogeneous phase.
- Table 1 shows the composition (molar ratio) of the metal constituting the obtained composite oxide black pigment. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, a paint was prepared and a measurement sample was prepared.
- the transmittance of the prepared measurement sample was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, it was confirmed that there was no minimum wavelength at which the transmittance was a minimum in the wavelength range of 600 to 800 nm.
- Table 2 shows transmittances at wavelengths of 500 nm, 800 nm, and 1500 nm.
- the hue of this measurement sample was duller than that of the example, had no bluish color, and was inferior in coloring power.
- the transmittances of the visible light portion and the near infrared portion were generally higher than those of Examples, and the infrared shielding property was poor.
- CB carbon black
- AMA azomethine azo black
- ATO antimony-doped tin oxide
- a paint was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Further, a measurement sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the transmittance was measured. The paint was prepared with 1 PHR for CB, 2.5 PHR for AMA, and 20 PHR for ATO.
- FIG. 3 shows a graph representing the measurement results of the spectral transmittance of the composite oxide black pigment (measurement sample) obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1, and CB, AMA, and ATO (measurement sample). From the results shown in FIG. 3, it is clear that the composite oxide black pigment of Example 3 has a lower transmittance in the wavelength region of about 1500 nm or less than other materials, and is very excellent in absorption characteristics in the near infrared region. It is. Further, ATO does not improve the absorption in the near infrared region unless the pigment content is increased to about 20 PHR, but the composite oxide black pigment of Example 3 has an absorption in the near infrared region even when the addition amount is about 3 PHR. It is clear that it is big.
- CB can increase the absorption in the near-infrared region with a smaller addition amount than the composite oxide black pigment of Example 3. However, it is understood that the transmittance in the near-infrared region increases when the transmittance is intended for the absorption in the visible light region.
- Table 3 shows the results of measuring the L value, a value, and b value in the CIE LAB (L * a * b * ) color system.
- CB indicates a spectral transmittance curve in which the transmittance gradually increases from the visible light region to the infrared region
- ATO indicates a spectral transmittance curve in which the absorption is small in the visible light region and the transmittance gradually decreases in the infrared region. Is shown. CB and ATO had a temperature rise suppression effect after 20 minutes of 6 to 7 ° C. compared with the reference.
- Example 3 the temperature suppression effect after 20 minutes is about 8 ° C. as compared with the reference, which shows that the effect is the highest.
- the spectral transmittance curve of Example 3 has a low transmittance in the near infrared region and a high transmittance on the long wavelength side.
- the shape of the spectral transmittance curve of Example 3 is similar to the shape of the spectral transmittance curve of CB, but the difference in transmittance in the near-infrared region seems to be related to the difference in temperature rise suppression effect. It is.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention has a neutral gray hue, has a large near-infrared absorption, and has both a coloring with a preferable hue and a temperature rise suppressing effect with a single pigment. I understand that.
- Example 8 The composite oxide black pigment, conductive zinc oxide, and melamine alkyd resin obtained in Example 3 were mixed so that the composite oxide black pigment was 1 PHR and the conductive zinc oxide was 29 PHR, and paint shaker (Red Devil Corporation). Made). Next, the composite oxide black pigment and the conductive zinc oxide were sufficiently dispersed to form a paint to obtain a paint. The obtained paint was applied onto a PET film with a # 6 bar coater. After drying, baking was performed at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to prepare a measurement sample. The film thickness of the coating film formed on the prepared measurement sample was 3 to 4 ⁇ m.
- Example 9 Comparative Examples 3 to 5
- a paint was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the formulation shown in Table 4 was used. Thereafter, a sample for measurement was produced in the same manner as in Example 8 using the obtained paint.
- CB the brand name “Raven 5000” (manufactured by COLUMBIAN CHEMICALS) was used.
- Examples 8 and 9 in which the composite oxide black pigment and the infrared shielding material are combined are superior to Comparative Examples 3 and 4 in the temperature rise suppressing effect. That is, it can be seen that the difference in transmittance in the near-infrared region shorter than 1500 nm contributes to the temperature rise suppression effect. From the above, it can be seen that a more excellent temperature rise suppressing effect can be obtained by combining the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention with a colorless infrared shielding material.
- the composite oxide black pigment of the present invention is a colorant such as a film or a coating material used for windows of buildings, ordinary houses, vehicles such as trains and automobiles, ships, and airplanes; a colorant for bottles and bottles; It is useful as a colorant for coating materials for LCDs, PDPs, organic EL panels, solar cells, synthetic leather manufacturing materials, adhesive materials, and light wavelength adjustment lens materials.
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Abstract
Description
[1]可視光線及び近赤外線を吸収する特性を持ち、銅、マンガン、及び鉄を含む主成分金属の酸化物からなる複合酸化物ブラック顔料であって、400~1000nmの波長域において、透過率が極小となる極小波長を600~800nmの波長域に有し、マンガン/鉄のモル比が3/1~30/1であり、銅/(マンガン+鉄)のモル比が1/2~1.2/2である複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
[2]Cu(Mn、Fe)2O4の組成で表されるスピネル構造を有し、BET比表面積が30m2/g以上である前記[1]に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
[3]カルシウム及びマグネシウムの少なくともいずれかの2価の金属が、前記銅に対する割合で2~10モル%導入されている前記[1]又は[2]に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
[4]BET比表面積が40m2/g以上である前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
[5]透明基材と、前記透明基材の表面上と内部の少なくともいずれかに分散状態で配置される前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料とを備える、青味のニュートラルグレイな色彩を有する物品。
[6]CIE LAB(L*a*b*)表色系において、a値が-4~0であるとともに、b値が-8~0である前記[5]に記載の物品。
[7]樹脂材料と、前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料とを含有する赤外線遮蔽用組成物。
[8]スズドープ酸化インジウム、アンチモンドープ酸化スズ、及び導電性酸化亜鉛からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の赤外線遮蔽材料をさらに含有する前記[7]に記載の赤外線遮蔽用組成物。
[9]コーティング剤又は接着剤である前記[7]又は[8]に記載の赤外線遮蔽用組成物。
[10]前記[7]~[9]のいずれかに記載のコーティング剤からなる表皮層を備える合成皮革。
[11]前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料の製造方法であって、主成分金属を含む金属塩の混合水溶液にアルカリ剤を添加して共沈物を析出させるとともに、前記共沈物の析出と同時又は析出後に酸化剤により酸化して顔料前駆体を生成させる工程と、生成した前記顔料前駆体を焼成した後に粉砕処理する工程と、を有する複合酸化物ブラック顔料の製造方法。
[12]pHを11~13.5として前記共沈物を析出させる前記[11]に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料の製造方法。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン130部、及び硫酸鉄53.4部に水を加えて完全に溶解させ、混合塩水溶液1000部を調製した。また、苛性ソーダ120部に水を加えて完全に溶解させ、苛性ソーダ水溶液1000部を調製した。沈殿媒体としての水1600部に、調製した混合塩水溶液と苛性ソーダ水溶液を同時に滴下し、1時間かけて沈殿反応を完了させた。なお、反応液のpHは12.0~13.0の範囲に調整した。また、混合塩水溶液の滴下が終了した後、過剰の苛性ソーダ水溶液をそのまま滴下した。滴下終了後、過酸化水素水(過酸化水素濃度:35%)60部を水120部に希釈した溶液を滴下して酸化処理した。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン130部、及び硫酸鉄53.4部を用いたこと、並びに塩化カルシウム3.6部を沈殿媒体(水)に溶解したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、BET比表面積54.8m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(実施例2)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、実施例1と同様に、400~500nmの波長域に透過率が極大となる極大波長を有するとともに、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有することを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン144.4部、及び硫酸鉄29.7部を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、BET比表面積47.5m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(実施例3)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、前記実施例と同様に、極大極小の波長領域であることを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料は、実施例2で得た測定用試料よりもさらに青みが強く、近赤外部の透過率も低下していた。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン152.1部、及び硫酸鉄16.7部を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、BET比表面積43.3m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(実施例4)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、実施例1と同様に、400~500nmの波長域に透過率が極大となる極大波長を有するとともに、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有することを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料は、実施例2で得た測定用試料よりもさらに青みが強く、近赤外部の透過率も低下していた。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン144.4部、及び硫酸鉄29.7部を用いたこと、並びに塩化カルシウムとともに塩化マグネシウム5.0部を沈殿媒体(水)に溶解したこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、BET比表面積49.2m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(実施例5)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、実施例1と同様に、400~500nmの波長域に透過率が極大となる極大波長を有するとともに、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有することを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料は、実施例2で得た測定用試料よりもさらに青みが強く、近赤外部の透過率も低下していた。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン157部、及び硫酸鉄8.6部を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、BET比表面積40.6m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(実施例6)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、実施例1と同様に、400~500nmの波長域に透過率が極大となる極大波長を有するとともに、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有することを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料の色相は実施例4と同様であったが、若干くすみがあり、着色力が減少していた。
硫酸銅132部、硫酸マンガン144.4部、及び硫酸鉄29.7部を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、BET比表面積50.6m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(実施例6)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、実施例1と同様に、400~500nmの波長域に透過率が極大となる極大波長を有するとともに、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有することを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料の色相は実施例3と同様であり、青みが強く、近赤外部の透過率も低いものであった。
硫酸銅120部、硫酸マンガン121.7部、及び硫酸鉄66.7部を用いたこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、BET比表面積47.3m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(比較例1)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。また、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有しないことを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料の色相は黄くすみであり、近赤外部の透過率は実施例のものに比して全体的に高く、赤外線の遮蔽性に劣るものであった。
硫酸銅108部、硫酸マンガン144.4部、及び硫酸鉄29.7部を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、BET比表面積49.5m2/gの複合酸化物ブラック顔料(比較例2)を得た。なお、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料について粉末X線回折分析を行い、スピネル構造を有する、異相のない単一化合物であることを確認した。また、得られた複合酸化物ブラック顔料を構成する金属の組成(モル比)を表1に示す。さらに、実施例1と同様にして、塗料を調製するとともに測定用試料を作製した。作製した測定用試料について、実施例1と同様にして透過率を測定した。その結果、600~800nmの波長域に透過率が極小となる極小波長を有しないことを確認した。なお、500nm、800nm、及び1500nmの波長における透過率を表2に示す。この測定用試料の色相は実施例に比較し色相がくすみ、青みがなく着色力にも劣るものであった。可視光部、近赤外部の透過率が実施例のものに比して全体的に高く、赤外線の遮蔽性に劣るものであった。
実施例2~4及び比較例1で得た複合酸化物ブラック顔料(測定用試料)の分光透過率の測定結果を表すグラフを図2に示す。図2に示す結果から、実施例2~4の複合酸化物ブラック顔料は、可視光領域における透過率曲線がほぼ同一であるにも関わらず、近赤外線領域における透過率曲線が相違していることがわかる。なお、表2に示すように、鉄の多い組成(比較例1)では色相が黄みになり、近赤外線領域における透過率が高くなることが明らかである。
他のブラック顔料として、カーボンブラック(CB)及びアゾメチンアゾブラック(AMA)を用意した。また、透明赤外遮蔽素材として一般的に使われているアンチモンドープスズ酸化物(ATO)を用意した。これらのCB、AMA、及びATOを使用し、実施例1と同様にして塗料を調製した。さらに、実施例1と同様にして測定用試料を作製し、その透過率を測定した。なお、CBは1PHR、AMAは2.5PHR、及びATOは20PHRで塗料を調製した。
図1に示す装置を使用して温度上昇抑制効果の確認試験を行った。図1に示す装置は、その内壁面に黒色紙7を貼り付けた発泡スチロール製の容器4と、容器の下部に形成された孔から差し込まれた熱電対6と、容器4の開口部に配置され容器4内への外気の流入を防ぐガラスプレート3と、ガラスプレート3の上方に配置された標準光源ランプ1と、標準光源ランプ1から照射される光が熱電対6に直接あたらないようにするための庇5とを備える。ガラスプレート3上に測定用試料2を載置し、標準光源ランプ1を、測定用試料2から30cmの高さにセットした。標準光源ランプ1から光を照射して、容器4内の温度を経時的に測定して温度上昇曲線を作成した。なお、測定用試料2としては、参照用として何も塗布していないPETフィルム(Ref)、実施例3で得た測定用試料、並びにCB、AMA、及びATOを用いて作製した測定用試料を使用した。作成した温度上昇曲線を図4に示す。
以上より、本発明の複合酸化物ブラック顔料は、ニュートラルグレイの色相を持ち、近赤外線の吸収が大きくなっており、単独の顔料で好ましい色相での着色と温度上昇抑制効果を併せ持ったものであることがわかる。
実施例3で得た複合酸化物ブラック顔料、導電性酸化亜鉛、及びメラミンアルキッド樹脂を、複合酸化物ブラック顔料が1PHR、導電性酸化亜鉛が29PHRとなるように混合し、ペイントシェーカー(レッドデビル社製)に入れた。次いで、複合酸化物ブラック顔料と導電性酸化亜鉛を十分に分散させて塗料化し、塗料を得た。得られた塗料を#6のバーコーターにてPETフィルム上に塗布した。乾燥後、120℃20分の条件で焼き付けして測定用試料を作製した。策定した測定用試料に形成された塗膜の膜厚は3~4μmであった。
表4に示す配合としたこと以外は、前述の実施例8の場合と同様にして塗料を得た。その後、得られた塗料を用いて、前述の実施例8の場合と同様にして測定用試料を作製した。なお、CBとしては、商品名「ラーベン5000」(COLUMBIAN CHEMICALS社製)を使用した。
実施例8、9及び比較例3、4で得た複合酸化物ブラック顔料(測定用試料)の分光透過率の測定結果を表すグラフを図5に示す。図5に示す結果から、導電性酸化亜鉛は可視光領域の透過率が高く、透明性に優れるが、赤外線領域の遮蔽性はATOに比べると劣ることが分かる(比較例3及び4)。また、これらの導電性酸化亜鉛やATO等の透明な赤外線遮蔽材料と、複合酸化物ブラック顔料とを組み合わせると、可視光領域と、可視光領域から1200~1500nmまでの近赤外線領域に、複合酸化物ブラック顔料に由来する吸収が存在することがわかる(実施例8及び9)。そして、さらに長波長側の領域においては、透明な赤外線遮蔽材料の特性が大きく寄与し、複合酸化物ブラック顔料と赤外線遮蔽材料とが相互に補完し合うように機能していることが分かる。すなわち、本発明の複合酸化物ブラック顔料を用いれば、好ましいニュートラルグレイの色相が得られるとともに、赤外遮蔽材料のみを用いた場合よりもさらに近赤外線領域の吸収を大きくすることができる。
前述の「温度上昇抑制効果の確認試験(1)」と同様の操作により、参照用のPETフィルム(Ref)、実施例8、9及び比較例3、4で得た測定用試料について温度上昇抑制効果の確認試験を行い、温度上昇曲線を作成した。作成した温度上昇曲線を図6に示す。図5及び6に示すように、赤外線領域における透過率が低い測定用試料の方が、温度上昇抑制効果に優れていることが明らかである。比較例3と実施例8、及び比較例4と実施例9をそれぞれ比較すると、1500nmよりも長波長側における透過率はほとんど同一である。しかしながら、複合酸化物ブラック顔料と赤外線遮蔽材料を組み合わせた実施例8及び9は、比較例3及び4に比して温度上昇抑制効果により優れている。すなわち、1500nmよりも短波長側の近赤外線領域における透過率の差が、温度上昇抑制効果に寄与していることが分かる。以上より、本発明の複合酸化物ブラック顔料と、無色の赤外線遮蔽材料とを組み合わせることで、より優れた温度上昇抑制効果が得られることが分かる。
実施例9及び比較例4、5で得た複合酸化物ブラック顔料(測定用試料)の分光透過率の測定結果を表すグラフを図7に示す。図7に示すように、実施例9の測定用試料では、可視光領域から1200nmの近赤外線領域において複合酸化物ブラック顔料に由来する特徴的な吸収が存在していることが分かる。また、複合酸化物ブラック顔料を用いた実施例9の測定用試料と、CBを用いた比較例5の測定用試料は、近赤外線領域の透過率に差が認められた。なお、CBは黄味くすみの色相を呈するが、透明なニュートラルグレイの鮮明な青味の色相を呈する複合酸化物ブラック顔料は、ATOと組み合わせた場合であっても好ましい色相が維持されていた。
前述の「温度上昇抑制効果の確認試験(1)」と同様の操作により、参照用のPETフィルム(Ref)、実施例9及び比較例4、5で得た測定用試料について温度上昇抑制効果の確認試験を行い、温度上昇曲線を作成した。作成した温度上昇曲線を図8に示す。図8に示すように、複合酸化物ブラック顔料の方が、CBに比して温度上昇抑制効果に優れていることが分かる(実施例9及び比較例5)。CBの色相は黄味くすみであるため、他の色材と組み合わせることで色調をニュートラルグレイに調整することも可能ではあるが、多くの労力が必要となる。これに対して、複合酸化物ブラック顔料は、CB単独では得られないニュートラルグレイの色相を有する顔料である。このため、本発明の複合酸化物ブラック顔料を用いれば、他の色材と組み合わせなくとも好ましいニュートラルグレイの色相を得ることができる。
2:測定用試料
3:ガラスプレート
4:容器
5:庇
6:熱電対
7:黒色紙
11:離型紙
12:表皮層
13:接着層
14:基材
20:合成皮革
Claims (12)
- 可視光線及び近赤外線を吸収する特性を持ち、銅、マンガン、及び鉄を含む主成分金属の酸化物からなる複合酸化物ブラック顔料であって、
400~1000nmの波長域において、透過率が極小となる極小波長を600~800nmの波長域に有し、
マンガン/鉄のモル比が3/1~30/1であり、銅/(マンガン+鉄)のモル比が1/2~1.2/2である複合酸化物ブラック顔料。 - Cu(Mn、Fe)2O4の組成で表されるスピネル構造を有し、BET比表面積が30m2/g以上である請求項1に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
- カルシウム及びマグネシウムの少なくともいずれかの2価の金属が、前記銅に対する割合で2~10モル%導入されている請求項1又は2に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
- BET比表面積が40m2/g以上である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料。
- 透明基材と、前記透明基材の表面上と内部の少なくともいずれかに分散状態で配置される請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料とを備える、青味のニュートラルグレイな色彩を有する物品。
- CIE LAB(L*a*b*)表色系において、a値が-4~0であるとともに、b値が-8~0である請求項5に記載の物品。
- 樹脂材料と、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料とを含有する赤外線遮蔽用組成物。
- スズドープ酸化インジウム、アンチモンドープ酸化スズ、及び導電性酸化亜鉛からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の赤外線遮蔽材料をさらに含有する請求項7に記載の赤外線遮蔽用組成物。
- コーティング剤又は接着剤である請求項7又は8に記載の赤外線遮蔽用組成物。
- 請求項7~9のいずれか一項に赤外線遮蔽用組成物からなる表皮層を備える合成皮革。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料の製造方法であって、
主成分金属を含む金属塩の混合水溶液にアルカリ剤を添加して共沈物を析出させるとともに、前記共沈物の析出と同時又は析出後に酸化剤により酸化して顔料前駆体を生成させる工程と、
生成した前記顔料前駆体を焼成した後に粉砕処理する工程と、
を有する複合酸化物ブラック顔料の製造方法。 - pHを11~13.5として前記共沈物を析出させる請求項11に記載の複合酸化物ブラック顔料の製造方法。
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JP2021038331A (ja) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-03-11 | 堺化学工業株式会社 | 黒色亜鉛末及びその製造方法 |
JP7344430B2 (ja) | 2019-09-04 | 2023-09-14 | 堺化学工業株式会社 | 黒色亜鉛末及びその製造方法 |
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US9732230B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
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EP2835354A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
CN104220380B (zh) | 2016-03-30 |
KR101681823B1 (ko) | 2016-12-01 |
EP2835354B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
KR20140144263A (ko) | 2014-12-18 |
EP2835354A1 (en) | 2015-02-11 |
CN104220380A (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
JPWO2013150983A1 (ja) | 2015-12-17 |
US20150048286A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
TWI591018B (zh) | 2017-07-11 |
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