WO2013150758A1 - 多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度評価方法、多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法、および単結晶シリコンの製造方法 - Google Patents
多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度評価方法、多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法、および単結晶シリコンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C30B13/00—Single-crystal growth by zone-melting; Refining by zone-melting
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- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
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- C30B35/007—Apparatus for preparing, pre-treating the source material to be used for crystal growth
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- C01P2002/74—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by peak-intensities or a ratio thereof only
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- C30B13/00—Single-crystal growth by zone-melting; Refining by zone-melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for evaluating the degree of crystal orientation of polycrystalline silicon, and a method for selecting a polycrystalline silicon rod used as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon using the method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for selecting a non-oriented polycrystalline silicon rod suitable for stably producing single crystal silicon.
- Siemens method is a method of vapor deposition (deposition) of polycrystalline silicon on the surface of silicon core wire by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method by bringing silane source gas such as trichlorosilane and monosilane into contact with heated silicon core wire. It is a method to make it.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that needle-like crystals may be precipitated in a rod during the process of manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon rod (polycrystalline silicon rod) by the Siemens method.
- the individual crystallites do not melt uniformly according to their size due to the above-mentioned inhomogeneous microstructure, and the unmelted crystallites become solid particles as single particles through the melting zone. It has been reported that it passes through the crystal rod and is incorporated into the solidified surface of the single crystal as unmelted particles, thereby causing defect formation.
- Patent Document 2 the sample surface cut perpendicularly to the long axis direction of the polycrystalline silicon rod is polished or polished, and after etching, the microcrystals of the structure are contrasted to such an extent that they can be visually recognized under an optical microscope.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to select polycrystalline silicon suitable as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon with high quantitativeness and reproducibility. It is to provide a technology that contributes to stable manufacturing.
- the method for evaluating the degree of crystal orientation of polycrystalline silicon uses the polycrystalline silicon as a plate-like sample, and is located at a position where Bragg reflection from a mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> is detected.
- a plate-like sample is arranged, and the X-ray irradiation region defined by the slit is rotated in-plane at a rotation angle ⁇ around the center of the disc-like sample as a rotation center so that the main surface of the disk-like sample is ⁇ -scanned.
- a chart showing the dependence of the Bragg reflection intensity from the mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> on the rotation angle ( ⁇ ) of the plate-like sample is obtained, and the degree of crystal orientation of the polycrystalline silicon is evaluated by the number of peaks appearing on the chart It is characterized by that.
- the Miller index surface ⁇ hkl> is ⁇ 111> or ⁇ 220>.
- the number of peaks appearing in the chart is counted when the S / N ratio is 3 or more.
- the method for selecting a polycrystalline silicon rod according to the present invention is a method for selecting a polycrystalline silicon rod to be used as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon, wherein the polycrystalline silicon rod is deposited by chemical vapor deposition.
- a plate-like sample is arranged, and the X-ray irradiation region defined by the slit is rotated in-plane at a rotation angle ⁇ around the center of the disc-like sample as a rotation center so that the main surface of the disk-like sample is ⁇ -scanned.
- the Miller index surface ⁇ hkl> is ⁇ 111> or ⁇ 220>.
- the number of peaks appearing in the chart is counted when the S / N ratio is 3 or more.
- a region on the main surface of the disk-shaped sample is ⁇ -scanned by the in-plane rotation, and the number of peaks appearing on the chart obtained by the ⁇ -scan is 24 per unit area of the disk-shaped sample.
- it is less than this / cm 2, it is selected as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon.
- the region on the main surface of the disk-shaped sample is ⁇ -scanned by the in-plane rotation, and the radius of the disk-shaped sample is R 0 (mm)
- the degree of crystal orientation of polycrystalline silicon is evaluated by the method according to the present invention, and crystal growth is carried out by the FZ method using a polycrystalline silicon rod selected as a non-defective product, or a lump obtained from a polycrystalline silicon block is obtained.
- crystal growth is carried out by the FZ method using a polycrystalline silicon rod selected as a non-defective product, or a lump obtained from a polycrystalline silicon block is obtained.
- FIG. 5 is an example of a chart obtained by performing the ⁇ scan measurement shown in FIG. 4 for the mirror index surfaces ⁇ 111>, ⁇ 220>, ⁇ 311>, and ⁇ 400>. It is a figure for demonstrating the outline of the other example of a measurement system at the time of calculating
- 7 is an example of a chart obtained by performing the ⁇ scan measurement shown in FIG.
- the present inventors are studying the improvement of the quality of polycrystalline silicon for stable production of single crystal silicon, and the degree of crystal orientation in the polycrystalline silicon rod depends on various conditions during the precipitation of polycrystalline silicon. It came to the knowledge that a difference arises. Unlike single crystal silicon, a block of polycrystalline silicon contains many crystal grains, but these many crystal grains tend to be considered to be randomly oriented. However, according to a study by the present inventors, the crystal grains contained in the polycrystalline silicon block are not necessarily completely randomly oriented.
- a powder sample obtained by pulverizing a polycrystalline silicon block individual silicon crystal grains can be handled as being completely randomly oriented.
- the powder sample is placed at a position where Bragg reflection from a specific mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> is detected, and the center of the sample is rotated so that the X-ray irradiation area defined by the slit scans the entire surface of the powder sample.
- the Bragg reflection intensity is substantially constant even when rotated in-plane.
- the Bragg reflection intensity from the mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> does not show the rotation angle dependency.
- the present inventors collected a disk-like sample having a cross section perpendicular to the radial direction from many different polycrystalline silicon rods grown by chemical vapor deposition, as described above.
- the rotation angle dependence of the Bragg reflection intensity from the mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> was investigated by the above method. Depending on the manufacturing conditions of the polycrystalline silicon rod, the Bragg reflection intensity from the mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> is dependent on the rotation angle. It was recognized that a peak sometimes appeared in the diffraction chart, and the fact that the shape and the number thereof depend on the production conditions was recognized.
- the crystal grains in the polycrystalline silicon rod are not necessarily randomly oriented, and the degree of crystal orientation (random orientation) depends on various conditions at the time of polycrystalline silicon precipitation.
- a polycrystalline silicon rod or polycrystalline silicon lump having a relatively high degree of crystal orientation is used as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon, a partial melt residue is locally generated. It has been found that this can induce dislocation generation and cause crystal line disappearance.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining an example of collecting a plate-like sample 20 for measuring an X-ray diffraction profile from a polycrystalline silicon rod 10 grown by chemical vapor deposition such as Siemens method. It is.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a silicon core wire for depositing polycrystalline silicon on the surface to form a silicon rod.
- three parts CTR: part close to the silicon core wire 1; EDG: part close to the side surface of the polycrystalline silicon rod 10) are used to confirm whether or not the crystal orientation degree of the polycrystalline silicon rod is dependent on the radial direction.
- R / 2 The plate-like sample 20 is collected from a portion intermediate between CTR and EGD), but is not limited to the collection from such a portion.
- the diameter of the polycrystalline silicon rod 10 illustrated in FIG. 1A is approximately 120 mm. From the side surface side of the polycrystalline silicon rod 10, a rod 11 having a diameter of approximately 20 mm and a length of approximately 60 mm is connected to the longitudinal direction of the silicon core wire 1. And cut out vertically.
- the portion, length, and number of rods 11 to be collected may be determined as appropriate according to the diameter of the silicon rod 10 or the diameter of the rod 11 to be cut out, and from which portion of the rod 11 in which the disc-like sample 20 is cut out. Although it may be collected, it is preferably a position where the properties of the entire silicon rod 10 can be reasonably estimated.
- the diameter of the disk-shaped sample 20 is set to approximately 20 mm for illustration only, and the diameter may be appropriately determined within a range that does not hinder the X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the disk-shaped sample 20 collected as described above is arranged at a position where Bragg reflection from the mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> is detected, and is defined by a slit.
- the Bragg reflection intensity from the mirror index surface ⁇ hkl> is rotated in-plane at a rotation angle ⁇ around the center of the disk-shaped sample 20 so that the line irradiation region scans the main surface of the disk-shaped sample 20 by ⁇ .
- the chart showing the rotation angle ( ⁇ ) dependence of the disk-shaped sample 20 is obtained and selected as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon according to the number of peaks appearing on the chart.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an outline of an example of a measurement system when an X-ray diffraction profile from the disk-shaped sample 20 is obtained by a so-called ⁇ -2 ⁇ method.
- the collimated X-ray beam 40 (Cu-K ⁇ ray: wavelength 1.54 mm) emitted from the slit 30 is incident on the disk-shaped sample 20 and rotates the sample while rotating the disk-shaped sample 20 in the XY plane.
- the intensity of the diffracted X-ray beam for each angle ( ⁇ ) is detected by a detector (not shown) to obtain an X-ray diffraction chart of ⁇ -2 ⁇ .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an outline of a measurement system when an X-ray diffraction profile from the disk-shaped sample 20 is obtained by a so-called ⁇ scan method.
- the angle ⁇ of the disk-shaped sample 20 is set to an angle at which Bragg reflection from the mirror index surface ⁇ 111> is detected, and in this state, a slit is defined in a region extending from the center of the disk-shaped sample 20 to the peripheral edge.
- FIG. 5 is an example of a chart obtained by performing the ⁇ scan measurement on the mirror index surfaces ⁇ 111>, ⁇ 220>, ⁇ 311>, and ⁇ 400>.
- the Bragg reflection intensity is substantially constant regardless of any of the above Miller index surfaces, and the Bragg reflection intensity does not depend on the rotation angle ⁇ and is the same chart as the powder sample. That is, it can be determined that the disk-shaped sample 20 has a low degree of crystal orientation (high random orientation).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an outline of another measurement system example for obtaining an X-ray diffraction profile from the disk-shaped sample 20 by the ⁇ scan method.
- the disk-shaped sample is illustrated.
- An area extending across both ends of 20 is irradiated with X-rays on a thin rectangular area defined by a slit, and the center of the disk-shaped sample 20 is scanned so that this X-ray irradiation area scans the entire surface of the disk-shaped sample 20.
- Rotate in the YZ plane ( ⁇ 0 ° to 180 °) as the center of rotation.
- FIG. 7 is an example of a chart obtained by performing the above ⁇ scan measurement on the mirror index surfaces ⁇ 111>, ⁇ 220>, ⁇ 311>, ⁇ 400>, which is substantially the same as that shown in FIG. The same ⁇ scan chart is obtained.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an outline of another example of a measurement system when an X-ray diffraction profile from the disk-shaped sample 20 is obtained by the ⁇ scan method.
- X-rays are irradiated not on the entire main surface of the sample 20 but only on the inner peripheral region, and the center of the disk-shaped sample 20 is set as the center of rotation so that this X-ray irradiation region scans the entire surface of the disk-shaped sample 20.
- the evaluation of the crystal orientation according to the present invention is as follows. Needless to say, it is significant not only as a method for selecting a polycrystalline silicon rod grown by the Siemens method or the like, but also as a method for evaluating the crystal orientation degree of polycrystalline silicon by an X-ray diffraction method.
- the crystal orientation in the polycrystalline silicon rod can be determined. It is also possible to know the presence / absence or the change in crystal orientation accompanying the expansion of the diameter of the polycrystalline silicon rod.
- the degree of crystal orientation is low (the random orientation is high)
- the Bragg reflection intensity does not depend on the rotation angle ⁇ , and no peak is observed in the ⁇ scan chart, but it is obtained under different conditions.
- a disc-like sample 20 collected from the obtained polycrystalline silicon rod is evaluated in the same manner as described above, a peak may appear in the ⁇ scan chart.
- FIG. 9 shows, as an example, a ⁇ -scan chart obtained by measurement of the aspect shown in FIG. 8 with respect to the mirror index surfaces ⁇ 111> and ⁇ 220> in which strong Bragg reflection is obtained from the silicon crystal.
- What is indicated by an arrow in the figure is a peak having an S / N ratio of 3 or more, and zero for the Miller index surface ⁇ 111> and 20 for the Miller index surface ⁇ 220> at all measurement rotation angles ⁇ 0 ° to 180 °. Book peaks were counted.
- the number of peaks appearing in the ⁇ scan chart is 24 lines / cm 2 or less in terms of the unit area of the disk-shaped sample for both the mirror index surfaces ⁇ 111> and ⁇ 220>. Preferably there is.
- the radius of the disc-like sample when a R 0 (mm), a value obtained by multiplying the ⁇ L in half-width (in degrees) of said peak 2 1/2 ⁇ R 0/360 ( mm / degree)
- a heterogeneous crystal grain size mm
- select a raw material for producing single crystal silicon that has a heterogeneous crystal grain size of less than 0.5 mm.
- the term heterogeneous crystal grain size is used for the purpose of expressing the virtual size of crystal grains that give the above-mentioned peak in the ⁇ scan chart that should not occur in polycrystalline silicon with a low degree of crystal orientation. In other words, it is a virtual grain size of crystal grains that exist locally in an oriented state.
- ⁇ L 2 1/2 ⁇ R 0/ 360
- the radius of the disk-shaped sample 20 is R 0 (mm).
- the scanning speed on the circumference of the radius R is treated as a reference, and the heterogeneous crystal grain size is calculated based on this.
- the method of the present invention it is possible to evaluate the orientation region density at which a molten residue is likely to be locally generated from the number of peaks, and the size from the heterogeneous crystal grain size. Then, by removing the polycrystalline silicon rod or the polycrystalline silicon lump including such an alignment region from the raw material for producing single crystal silicon in advance, it is possible to contribute to stable production of single crystal silicon.
- the entire region of the main surface of the disk-shaped sample 20 is ⁇ -scanned by in-plane rotation.
- the radius of the circular X-ray irradiation region that is the ⁇ scan region may be adopted as the value of R 0 (mm).
- dislocation occurs when single crystal silicon is produced from raw material even if it is polycrystalline silicon whose crystal grains are not confirmed by visual observation as disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- the disappearance of the crystal line due to the induction of the crystallinity may occur.
- the degree of the disappearance of the crystal line is remarkably reduced, and the method of the present invention has high quantitativeness and reproduction. It was confirmed that it has sex.
- the number of peaks appearing in the ⁇ scan chart is 24 / cm 2 or less in terms of unit area of the disk-shaped sample for any of the mirror index surfaces ⁇ 111> and ⁇ 220>, and
- the FZ method using a polycrystalline silicon rod having a heterogeneous crystal grain size calculated from the peak half-value width of less than 0.5 mm as a raw material, there is no single crystal line disappearance in one FZ treatment.
- a crystalline silicon rod was obtained.
- the disappearance of the crystal line was not recognized.
- the number of polycrystalline silicon rods that did not cause the disappearance of crystal lines is 24 per unit area even in the disk-shaped sample (20 EDG of silicon rod B) with the largest number of peaks. Moreover, the heterogeneous crystal grain size of 0.5 mm or more has not been confirmed from any disk-shaped sample.
- the number of peaks appearing in the ⁇ scan chart is 24 / cm 2 or less per unit area of the disk-shaped sample, and the heterogeneous crystal grain size is less than 0.5 mm.
- the present invention provides a technology that contributes to stable production of single crystal silicon by selecting polycrystalline silicon suitable as a raw material for producing single crystal silicon with high quantitativeness and reproducibility.
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Abstract
Description
10 多結晶シリコン棒
11 ロッド
20 板状試料
30 スリット
40 X線ビーム
Claims (13)
- 多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度をX線回折法により評価する方法であって、
前記多結晶シリコンを板状試料とし、
ミラー指数面<hkl>からのブラッグ反射が検出される位置に前記板状試料を配置し、
スリットにより定められるX線照射領域が前記円板状試料の主面上をφスキャンするように前記円板状試料の中心を回転中心として回転角度φで面内回転させ、
前記ミラー指数面<hkl>からのブラッグ反射強度の前記板状試料の回転角度(φ)依存性を示すチャートを求め、
該チャートに現れるピークの本数で多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度を評価する、ことを特徴とする多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度評価方法。 - 前記ミラー指数面<hkl>は<111>又は<220>である、請求項1に記載の多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度評価方法。
- 前記チャートに現れるピークの本数はS/N比が3以上のものがカウントされる、請求項1又は2に記載の多結晶シリコンの結晶配向度評価方法。
- 単結晶シリコン製造用原料として用いる多結晶シリコン棒を選択するための方法であって、
前記多結晶シリコン棒は化学気相法による析出で育成されたものであり、
該多結晶シリコン棒の径方向に垂直な断面を主面とする円板状試料を採取し、
ミラー指数面<hkl>からのブラッグ反射が検出される位置に前記円板状試料を配置し、
スリットにより定められるX線照射領域が前記円板状試料の主面上をφスキャンするように前記円板状試料の中心を回転中心として回転角度φで面内回転させ、
前記ミラー指数面<hkl>からのブラッグ反射強度の前記円板状試料の回転角度(φ)依存性を示すチャートを求め、
該チャートに現れるピークの本数に応じて単結晶シリコン製造用原料として選択する、
ことを特徴とする多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法。 - 前記ミラー指数面<hkl>は<111>又は<220>である、請求項4に記載の多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法。
- 前記チャートに現れるピークの本数はS/N比が3以上のものがカウントされる、請求項4又は5に記載の多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法。
- 前記面内回転により前記円板状試料の主面上の領域をφスキャンし、該φスキャンにより得られたチャートに現れるピークの本数が前記円板状試料の単位面積当たり24本/cm2以下である場合に単結晶シリコン製造用原料として選択する、請求項4又は5に記載の多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法。
- 前記面内回転により前記円板状試料の主面上の領域をφスキャンし、前記円板状試料の半径をR0(mm)としたときに、前記ピークの半値幅(度)にδL=21/2πR0/360(mm/度)を乗じて得られる値を不均質結晶粒径(mm)と定義付け、該不均質結晶粒径が何れも0.5mm未満のものを単結晶シリコン製造用原料として選択する、請求項4又は5に記載の多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法。
- 前記多結晶シリコン棒はシーメンス法で育成されたものである、請求項4又は5に記載の多結晶シリコン棒の選択方法。
- 請求項4又は5に記載の方法により選択された多結晶シリコン棒。
- 請求項10に記載の多結晶シリコン棒を破砕して得た多結晶シリコン塊。
- 請求項10に記載の多結晶シリコン棒をシリコン原料として用いる単結晶シリコンの製造方法。
- 請求項11に記載の多結晶シリコン塊を原料として用いる単結晶シリコンの製造方法。
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EP2863212A4 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2015-11-11 | Shinetsu Chemical Co | METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE ORIENTATION RANGE OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON CRYSTAL, COMPOUNDS FOR POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON STICK, POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON STICK, POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON BLOCK AND METHOD OF PREPARING POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON |
WO2016103608A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-06-30 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 多結晶シリコン棒、多結晶シリコン棒の加工方法、多結晶シリコン棒の結晶評価方法、および、fz単結晶シリコンの製造方法 |
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JP2022003004A (ja) | 2020-06-23 | 2022-01-11 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | ポリシリコンロッド及びポリシリコンロッド製造方法 |
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CN104220867B (zh) | 2017-03-15 |
US9328429B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
EP2835632A4 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
KR101739632B1 (ko) | 2017-05-24 |
MY169845A (en) | 2019-05-17 |
JP2013217653A (ja) | 2013-10-24 |
EP2835632A1 (en) | 2015-02-11 |
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