WO2013141124A1 - 磁気センサデバイス - Google Patents
磁気センサデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013141124A1 WO2013141124A1 PCT/JP2013/057104 JP2013057104W WO2013141124A1 WO 2013141124 A1 WO2013141124 A1 WO 2013141124A1 JP 2013057104 W JP2013057104 W JP 2013057104W WO 2013141124 A1 WO2013141124 A1 WO 2013141124A1
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- magnetic body
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- magnetic sensor
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/04—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using the flux-gate principle
- G01R33/05—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using the flux-gate principle in thin-film element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
- G01R33/093—Magnetoresistive devices using multilayer structures, e.g. giant magnetoresistance sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/10—Magnetoresistive devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
- G01R15/205—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices using magneto-resistance devices, e.g. field plates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor device that detects magnetic strength.
- the measurement magnetic flux may be excessively concentrated on the SVGMR element depending on how it is used, and may approach or exceed the upper limit of the measurable range. There is.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic sensor device capable of improving measurement accuracy while avoiding concentration of measurement magnetic flux on a magnetosensitive element.
- Patent Document 1 The structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is for reducing the influence of an external magnetic field.
- a conductor through which a current to be detected flows is wound around a portion protruding inward, and the magnetic flux due to the current is concentrated on the magnetic detection element.
- the present invention for solving the problems of the above-described conventional example is a magnetic sensor device, which is a magnetic path merging / dividing part arranged on a predetermined axis, and extends from the magnetic path merging / dividing part to both sides of the axis.
- a thin film first magnetic body comprising at least a pair of wing-shaped portions, and a magnetic path merging on the predetermined axis and spaced apart from a magnetic path merging / dividing portion of the first magnetic body
- a thin film second magnetic body having at least a pair of blade-shaped portions extending from the magnetic path merging / dividing part to both sides of the shaft, and a first coil wound around the first magnetic body;
- the magnetoresistive element disposed between the second coil wound around the second magnetic body, the magnetic path merging / dividing portion of the first magnetic body, and the magnetic path merging / dividing portion of the second magnetic body
- the first coil is coupled to the magnetic path from each of at least a pair of wing-shaped portions of the first magnetic body.
- a magnetic field is applied to a magnetic path that is merged or diverted to the diversion part, and the second coil is diverted or merged from the magnetic path diversion part of the second magnetic body into at least a pair of blade-shaped parts.
- a magnetic field is applied to the magnetoresistive element, and a magnetic field is applied to the magnetoresistive element along the merged magnetic path.
- the measurement accuracy can be improved by avoiding the concentration of the measurement magnetic flux on the magnetosensitive element.
- FIG. 1A and 1B A configuration that is motivated to recall the magnetic sensor device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, this configuration conceptually includes an annular magnetic body 11 formed in the plane and a magnetoresistive effect element 12 disposed at the center thereof. It is a thing. This magnetic body 11 is magnetized in the circumferential direction so that the magnetization directions at positions shifted from each other by ⁇ are different by 2 ⁇ (the magnetization direction is indicated by an arrow in the figure).
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is formed in a zigzag folded shape by connecting a plurality of magnetoresistive effect elements in series in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 itself).
- the SVGMR spin valve type giant magnetoresistive element in which the longitudinal direction of each magnetoresistive element is the magnetosensitive direction.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 according to the example of FIG. 1A has a fixed layer whose magnetization direction is fixed in the width direction (a layer whose magnetization direction is not changed by an external magnetic field).
- the magnetic body 11 is arranged so that the width direction of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 and the direction D of the magnetic field to be measured (the Y-axis negative direction in FIG. 1A) coincide.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is disposed.
- the magnetic body 11 has a one-to-one dimension in the X-axis direction (that is, horizontal dimension) and dimension in the Y-axis direction (that is, vertical dimension).
- the shape of the magnetic body 11 in FIG. 1A is a ring having the same aspect ratio, and the outer peripheral shape of the magnetic body 11 corresponds to a perfect circle.
- the magnetic field direction D (X-axis direction) and the width direction of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 are the magnetic body 11 as illustrated in FIG.
- the magnetic body 11 and the magnetoresistive effect element 12 so as to be orthogonal to the direction (Y-axis direction) of the magnetic flux applied to the magnetoresistive effect element 12 disposed in the vicinity of the center thereof (ie, in the X-axis direction). May be arranged.
- the magnetoresistive element 12 is arranged so that the width direction of the magnetoresistive element 12 and the direction of the magnetic flux applied from the magnetic body 11 to the magnetoresistive element 12 are orthogonal to each other.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 according to the example of FIG. 1A has a configuration suitable for use as a feedback-type current sensor, for example.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 according to the example of FIG. for example, this is a configuration based on a mode suitable for a magnetic proportional current sensor.
- FIG. 2 shows a magnetic sensor device 1 according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as type 1 when it is necessary to distinguish from other examples).
- the magnetic sensor device 1 of this example is formed by laminating a magnetic body 11 having a different aspect ratio, a magnetoresistive effect element 12 disposed in the vicinity of the center C, and sandwiching the magnetic body 11, and a lower part of the coil 13.
- the pattern 13a and the layer each including the upper pattern 13b of the coil 13 are provided.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 is capable of measuring a magnetic field applied from the outside in the direction D (Y-axis negative direction) in FIG.
- the dimension in the X-axis direction (that is, the horizontal dimension) is larger than the dimension in the Y-axis direction (that is, the vertical dimension).
- the shape of the magnetic body 11 in FIG. 2 is an annular shape having different aspect ratios, and the outer peripheral shape of the magnetic body 11 is not a perfect circle.
- the magnetic body 11 and the lower pattern 13a and the upper pattern 13b of the coil 13 overlap each other in a plan view and have a shadow portion, so that they are not easily visible in reality, but the magnetism of FIG.
- the plan view of the sensor device 1 shows a state where each part of the magnetic body 11, the magnetoresistive effect element 12, and the coil 13 is transmitted for explanation.
- the magnetic body 11 is, for example, an alloy of iron and nickel (permalloy).
- the thickness is 1 ⁇ m
- the saturation magnetic flux density Bs 1.45 T
- the initial permeability ⁇ i 2000.
- the magnetic body 11 has a diaphragm toward the magnetoresistive effect element 12 at a position where a line segment extending in the minor axis direction through the center C (the center in the width direction and the longitudinal direction) intersects the magnetic body 11.
- the part 100 is provided, and the inner periphery and the outer periphery form a substantially dumbbell shape.
- the diaphragm unit 100 indicates a portion where the width of the magnetic body is narrowed in the X-axis direction.
- the dumbbell shape corresponds to a shape in which the C-shape is connected by facing through the opening, or a shape in which the upper part of the upper arc and the lower part of the lower arc are connected by facing the numeral 3 face-to-face.
- the inner circumference is line symmetric with respect to a line passing through the center C and parallel to the Y axis, and the width w in the Y axis direction of the inner circumference decreases as the distance from the center C increases. It is formed as follows. The portion Ly that is substantially parallel to the Y axis is formed wider than the other portions. This makes it difficult to saturate even with a larger external magnetic field.
- an external magnetic field of about 3182 A / m (40 Oe) can be applied when the width is 100 ⁇ m, about 3422 A / m (43 Oe) when 150 ⁇ m, and about 3740 A / m (47 Oe) when 200 ⁇ m.
- the narrowed portion 100 of the magnetic body 11 is formed with a taper whose width is narrowed toward the magnetoresistive effect element 12 (that is, a portion whose width becomes narrower as it approaches the magnetoresistive effect element 12). Since the width in the X-axis direction is narrowed, the side surface of the diaphragm portion is inclined with respect to the Y-axis and is tapered.
- a cut U on both sides in the X-axis direction toward the center C, that is, the magnetoresistive effect element 12
- a portion in which the direction of the magnetic field is symmetric with respect to the Y axis and a V-shaped concave portion may be formed.
- a coil 13 is wound around the magnetic body 11 so as to form a magnetic field in a direction that makes a half turn in the circumferential direction.
- the magnetic body 11 has a width of the magnetic body 11 at a position intersecting with a line segment passing through the center C and extending in the minor axis direction. It is formed narrower than the width of the magnetic body 11 at the intersecting position.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is, for example, a spin valve type giant magnetoresistive effect element (SVGMR element).
- the fixed layer is magnetized in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction). It exhibits a resistance value corresponding to the strength of the magnetic field.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is arranged so that its width direction is parallel to the Y axis.
- the spin valve type giant magnetoresistive effect element it is preferable to adopt a method in which the magnetization direction of the fixed layer is fixed by a self pin.
- the self-pinned fixed layer for example, a structure in which a ferromagnetic layer, a Ru layer, and a ferromagnetic layer are stacked and the ferromagnetic layers are antiferromagnetically coupled to each other through the Ru layer can be used. .
- the coil 13 includes a lower pattern 13a disposed on a surface stacked below the surface on which the magnetic body 11 is formed, and an upper pattern 13b disposed on a surface stacked on the upper layer on the surface on which the magnetic body 11 is formed. Including.
- the lower pattern 13a is shown in FIG. 3 (a), and the upper pattern 13b is shown in FIG. 3 (b).
- the portions indicated by the circles indicate the positions of the via holes, which exist at the corresponding positions of the upper pattern 13b and the lower pattern 13a and correspond to each other. It corresponds to a portion where the circular portion to be electrically connected through the via hole.
- the rectangular pad portions Q1 to Q6 of the lower pattern 13a and the upper pattern 13b are electrically connected to each other.
- the major axis direction of the magnetic body 11 is the X axis (the right direction in the figure is the X axis positive direction), and the direction relative thereto is the Y axis (the upper direction in the figure is the Y axis positive direction). ).
- a transverse line connecting the corner and the concave portion in the bending is illustrated.
- the wiring or coil is illustrated as connecting a plurality of rectangular lines by way of a transverse line.
- the wiring or the coil may be constituted by a continuous single line without a transverse line between via holes or between a via hole and a pad portion.
- the lower pattern 13a and the upper pattern 13b include point-symmetric portions with respect to the annular center of the magnetic body 11.
- FIG. 4A shows only the positive Y-axis direction from the line segment parallel to the major axis of the magnetic body 11 (the line segment corresponding to the symmetry axis) in the lower pattern 13a shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram in which the upper pattern 13b shown in FIG. 3B is in a positive direction from the line segment parallel to the major axis of the magnetic body 11 (the line segment corresponding to the symmetry axis) to the Y-axis positive direction. It is the figure which took out only.
- At least a part of the windings included in these patterns are not linear, but a parallel portion L parallel to the X-axis and a portion that intersects obliquely (at an angle within a predetermined angle range with respect to the circumferential direction of the magnetic body) A portion that intersects diagonally, hereinafter referred to as an oblique portion). That is, this pattern is bent halfway.
- the winding T1 of the lower pattern 13a in FIG. 4A is connected to the winding T1 ′ of the upper pattern 13b shown in FIG. 4B from the pad portion Q1 through the via hole H1-H1 ′.
- the winding T1 ′ of the upper pattern 13b is connected to the winding T2 of the lower pattern 13a through the via holes H12′-H12.
- the winding T2 includes an oblique portion S2, and is connected to the winding T2 'of the lower pattern 13b via the via holes H2-H2'.
- This winding T2 ' also includes an oblique portion.
- the windings T3, T3 ′, T4,..., T5 ′ are wound around the magnetic body 11 while passing between the lower pattern 13a and the upper pattern 13b through the corresponding via holes.
- the length of the oblique portion S becomes longer as the winding is in the positive direction of the X axis.
- the angle of the oblique portion S with respect to the Y axis is constant, and the angle is, for example, 20 degrees (70 degrees with respect to the X axis).
- winding T6 is connected to the winding T7 'of the upper pattern 13b through the via holes H6-H6'.
- Winding T7 ' is connected to Z-shaped winding T7 of lower pattern 13a through via hole H7'-H7.
- the winding T7 has two oblique portions S7-1 and S7-2 and a parallel portion P7.
- the extension line obtained by extending the oblique portion S7-1 is symmetric with respect to the Y axis with respect to the extension line obtained by extending the oblique portion S7-2.
- Winding T7 is connected to the U-shaped winding T8 'of upper pattern 13b through via holes H17-H17'.
- windings T8, T9 ′, T9..., T11, T12 ′ are wound around the magnetic body 11 while traveling between the lower pattern 13a and the upper pattern 13b through the corresponding via holes.
- At least a part of these windings T8, T9,..., T11, and T8 ', T9', ... T11 '(T8, T9, T8', T9 'in FIG. 4) each have two oblique portions S. With respect to the provided Y-axis, it has a substantially symmetrical shape except for the edge portion such as the joint location.
- the windings T10, T11, T11 ′, and T12 ′ are configured so that the portions substantially parallel to the X axis are wound around the diaphragm 100 of the magnetic body 11.
- Winding T12 ' is connected to winding T12 via via hole H112'-H112.
- the windings T12... T16, T13 '... T16' are substantially symmetrical with the windings T5, T4 ..., T1, T5 ', ... T2', respectively, with respect to the Y axis.
- Winding T16 is connected to winding T17 'via via holes H116-H116', and winding T17 'is connected to pad portion Q2 via via holes H117'-H117.
- the pad portion Q3 is connected to one end side of the terminal of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 through the wiring in the lower pattern 13a.
- the pad portion Q6 is connected to the other end side of the terminal of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 through a wiring in the same layer as the lower pattern 13a.
- a coil current Ic is applied to the pad portion Q4 as illustrated in FIG.
- the pad part Q5 is connected to the pad part Q2.
- the pad portion Q1 is connected to a common terminal (GND) of the coil current Ic.
- the power supply voltage Vcc of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is applied to the pad portion Q3, and the pad portion Q6 is connected to the output terminal Vout (the output terminal of the voltage signal representing the potential Vout from the common terminal (GND) of the magnetoresistive effect element 12).
- the coil current Ic applied from the pad portion Q4 flows through the coil 13
- the coil 13 is magnetized in the magnetic body 11 so that the magnetization directions at positions shifted from each other by ⁇ are different by 2 ⁇ .
- the magnetic body 11 is magnetized along the direction of the diaphragm (that is, parallel to the width direction of the magnetoresistive effect element 12) in the diaphragm unit 100.
- FIG. 6 shows a portion of the magnetic sensor device 1 illustrated in FIG. 3 in the vicinity of the center (magnetic resistance) when a part of the magnetic sensor device 1 is broken along the line (VI-VI line in FIG. 5) passing through the center of the magnetic body 11. It is an example of the schematic sectional drawing showing the vicinity of the effect element 12 (FIG. 7, FIG. 8 is also the same).
- FIG. 6 shows the outline of the arrangement of the coil 13 and the like, and the number of turns is reduced.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 according to an example of this embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 is manufactured in the following manner.
- insulating layers SiO 2 (substrate side) and Al 2 O 3 (insulating film 22 side)
- a magnetoresistive effect element 12 SVGMR element
- an insulating film 22 thicker than the film of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is formed.
- a magnetic body 11 made of permalloy or the like and a lower pattern 13a of an aluminum coil 13 wound around the magnetic body 11 are formed. These are formed and sealed with resin 23 (insulator).
- a via hole H of the coil 13 is formed in the resin 23 and a conductor is connected to a corresponding portion of the via hole H of the lower pattern 13a.
- the upper pattern 13b of the coil 13 to be connected to each of these conductors is formed and further sealed with a resin 23 (insulator).
- the pad portion Q conducting to the coil is exposed from the resin.
- the magnetic body 11 is arranged with a width of about 2 ⁇ m on both sides of the magnetoresistive element 12 along the direction of the magnetic flux.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is disposed on the substrate 10 side (lower layer side) with respect to the magnetic body 11, and the magnetic body 11 is extended toward the lower layer side toward the magnetoresistive effect element 12 in the vicinity of the center C thereof. May be.
- FIG. 7 Another example is illustrated in FIG. In the example of FIG. 7, after two insulating layers (SiO 2 (substrate side) and Al 2 O 3 (insulating film 22 side)) 21 are formed on the substrate 10, the magnetoresistive effect element 12, A magnetic body 11 made of permalloy and a winding (lower pattern 13a) of an aluminum coil 13 wound around the magnetic body 11 are formed. Then, the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is formed on the same layer as the magnetic body 11, insulated by the insulating film 22, and then entirely sealed with the resin 23. Next, a via hole H is formed at a predetermined position of the resin 23, and a conductor is connected to each corresponding portion of the winding of the coil 13 (lower pattern 13a). Next, the windings (upper pattern 13b) of the coils 13 to be connected to these conductors are formed and further sealed with a resin 23 (insulator).
- insulator insulator
- FIG. 8 Yet another example is illustrated in FIG. In the example of FIG. 8, after two insulating layers (SiO 2 (substrate side) and Al 2 O 3 (insulating film 22 side)) 21 are formed on the substrate 10, the magnetic material 11 made of permalloy and Then, a winding (lower pattern 13 a) of an aluminum coil 13 wound on the aluminum coil 13 is formed and sealed with a resin 23. Thereafter, the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is formed by a thin film process, and then the insulating film 22 is formed. Via holes H are formed at predetermined positions of the insulating film 22, and the corresponding windings (lower pattern 13 a) of the coil 13 are formed. Connect the conductor to the position.
- insulating layers SiO 2 (substrate side) and Al 2 O 3 (insulating film 22 side)
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is located in an upper layer (layer opposite to the substrate 10) than the magnetic body 11.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 may not be disposed on the same surface as the magnetic body 11 as in the examples of FIGS. 6 and 8.
- the insulating layer 21 may not be two layers, but may be a single layer film such as SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , silicon nitride, or a multilayer film in which these layers are stacked.
- the magnetic sensor circuit is a so-called magnetic balance type circuit, and can be used as, for example, a current sensor.
- this magnetic sensor circuit as illustrated in FIG. 9, one end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is connected to receive the supply of the DC bias power supply voltage Vcc, and is connected to the negative electrode ( ⁇ ) terminal of the comparator 14.
- the other end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is connected to a common terminal (GND).
- the positive terminal (+) of the comparator 14 is connected to the common terminal (GND) via the reference power supply 15.
- the output potential of the reference power supply 15 is the potential of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 in a place where there is no magnetic field.
- the output of the comparator 14 is connected to one end side (pad part Q4) of the coil 13 via a waveform shaping part 41 and a low-pass filter (LPF) 42, and is also connected to an output terminal OUT. Furthermore, the other end side (pad portion Q6) of the coil 13 is connected to a common terminal (GND) via a fixed resistor 16.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 obtains the voltage signal output from the magnetoresistive effect element 12 through the comparator 14, the waveform shaping unit 41, and the LPF 42.
- the output obtained through the LPF 42 is a voltage signal proportional to the difference between the potential of the reference power supply and the potential of the voltage signal output from the magnetoresistive element 12.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 when the magnetic sensor device 1 is arranged in the vicinity of a conductor (for example, a bus bar) through which the current to be measured flows, the resistance value of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is changed by an induced magnetic field generated by the current to be measured. Then, since the output potential deviates from the potential when there is no magnetic field (the potential of the reference power supply is set equal to this potential as described above) (offset), the output obtained through the comparator 14, the waveform shaping unit 41, and the LPF 42. Becomes a voltage signal having a magnitude corresponding to the potential shift amount. This voltage signal represents the strength of the induced magnetic field generated by the current to be measured (current flowing in the bus bar).
- a conductor for example, a bus bar
- This voltage signal is supplied to one end side of the coil 13, and when a current flows through the coil 13, a magnetic field (cancellation magnetic field) is generated. And the magnetic flux by this cancellation magnetic field is applied to the magnetoresistive effect element 12 through the magnetic body 11 with the induction magnetic field which arises from a to-be-measured electric current.
- a voltage signal V proportional to the amount of current supplied to the coil 13 when the magnetic flux passing through the magnetoresistive effect element 12 becomes zero (when the output voltage of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is the same as the reference potential 15) is taken out ( OUT). Then, the voltage signal V becomes an output signal proportional to the amount of current of the current to be measured (current flowing through the bus bar in the above example).
- a magnetic shield is appropriately disposed between the bus bar and the magnetic sensor device 1 of the present embodiment, and the magnetic field generated by the current in the bus bar is selectively selected. You may make it apply to the device 1.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 of the present embodiment may be one in which a plurality of magnetic sensor devices 1 are connected in series.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 is arranged in parallel with the measurement magnetic field, and the pad portion Q1 ′ of the magnetic sensor device 1a on one side and the pad portion Q4 of the magnetic sensor device 1b on the other side.
- the pad portion Q6 'of the magnetic sensor device 1a on one side and the pad portion Q3 of the magnetic sensor device 1b on the other side are electrically connected.
- the potential of the pad portion Q6 'of the magnetic sensor device 1a on one side or the pad portion Q3 of the magnetic sensor device 1b on the other side becomes an output potential Vout from a common potential of detection output described later.
- the pad portion Q1 of the magnetic sensor device 1b on the other side is connected to a common terminal (GND) of the coil current Ic, and the pad portion Q6 of the magnetic sensor device 1b becomes a common potential for detection output.
- GND common terminal
- the pad portion Q2 and the pad portion Q5 are electrically connected by the external conductive wire.
- the wiring Q may be formed in the same layer as the lower pattern 13a or the upper pattern 13b, and the portions of the coil 13 corresponding to the pad portions Q2 and Q5 (and Q2 ′ and Q5 ′) may be electrically connected.
- the pad portions Q1, Q3, Q4, and Q6 can be formed only on one side (one side) of the Y axis with respect to the magnetic body 11.
- a plurality of magnetic sensor devices 1 illustrated in FIG. 12 are connected in series, a plurality of magnetic sensor devices 1 may be arranged in the Y-axis direction as illustrated in FIG.
- the magnetization direction of the fixed layer of each magnetoresistive effect element 12 is set to the direction D of the external magnetic field. And reverse.
- a magnetic balance type circuit using these magnetic sensor devices 1 can be used, for example, as a current sensor.
- one end of the magnetoresistive effect element 12a of one magnetic sensor device 1a is connected to receive the supply of the DC bias power supply Vdd, and the other end is connected to the other magnetic sensor device. It is connected to one end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12b of 1b. The other end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12b is connected to a common terminal (GND).
- GND common terminal
- the magnetization direction of the fixed layer orthogonal to the direction from the one end side to the other end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12a and the magnetization of the fixed layer orthogonal to the direction from the one end side to the other end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12b Connect so that the directions are opposite to each other.
- the other end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 a that is, one end side of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 b is a terminal p, and this terminal p is connected to the negative ( ⁇ ) terminal of the comparator 14.
- the positive terminal (+) of the comparator 14 is connected to the common terminal (GND) via the reference power supply 15.
- the output potential of the reference power supply 15 is the midpoint potential of the magnetoresistive effect elements 12a and 12b in a place where there is no magnetic field.
- the coils 13 wound around each magnetic body 11 are connected in series with each other, and the output of the comparator 14 is connected to one end side of the feedback coil 13 connected in series with the waveform shaping unit 41 and the low-pass filter. (LPF) 42 and a constant current output unit (or inductor) 43 are connected to each other. Further, a triangular wave generating circuit 44 is connected to one end side of the coil 13 via a coupling capacitor C. Further, the other end of the coil 13 is connected to a common terminal (GND) via a fixed resistor 16 and is connected to an output terminal OUT via a triangular wave removal unit (which may be a low-pass filter) 45.
- GND common terminal
- a current that changes in a triangular wave generated by the triangular wave generation circuit 44 is constantly supplied to the coil 13. Therefore, the induced magnetic field due to the triangular wave current is applied to the magnetoresistive effect element 12 through the magnetic body 11, and the output when the induced magnetic field due to the triangular wave current is not applied as the output of the midpoint potential of the magnetoresistive effect element 12. An output that changes in a rectangular wave shape around the potential (reference potential) is obtained.
- the resistance values of the magnetoresistive effect elements 12a and 12b are changed by the induced magnetic field generated by the current to be measured. Then, since the potential of the terminal P deviates from the midpoint potential (DC offset), the output potential that changes in a triangular waveform deviates from the reference potential. As a result, the output of the midpoint potential obtained through the comparator 14, the waveform shaping unit 41, and the LPF 42 has a triangular wave duty ratio changed from 1: 1 to Tp: Tn (Tp ⁇ Tn) according to the amount of potential deviation. It becomes.
- the difference between Tp and Tn represents the strength of the induced magnetic field generated by the current to be measured.
- the constant current output unit 43 is, for example, an inductor, and according to the output of the midpoint potential, a section where a midpoint potential higher than the reference potential is obtained, and a section where a midpoint potential lower than the reference potential is obtained. To output a constant current with different current directions.
- This current is supplied to the coil 13, and the coil 13 generates a magnetic field (cancellation magnetic field). Then, the magnetic flux generated by the cancel magnetic field is applied to the magnetoresistive effect elements 12a and 12b through the magnetic yoke 11 together with the magnetic flux generated by the triangular current and the induced magnetic field generated from the current to be measured.
- the voltage signal V proportional to the amount of current supplied to the coil 13 when the magnetic flux passing through the magnetoresistive effect elements 12a and 12b becomes zero is removed from the both ends of the fixed resistor 16 after the triangular wave is removed by the triangular wave removing unit 45. Take out (OUT). Then, this voltage signal V becomes an output signal proportional to the amount of current to be measured.
- a bridge circuit may be formed by using a plurality of magnetic sensor devices 1 of the present embodiment.
- the magnetoresistive elements 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d included in the magnetic sensor devices 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d are connected to a bridge.
- the arrows in the rectangles representing the magnetoresistive effect elements 12 represent the magnetization directions of the respective fixed layers.
- symbol is attached
- the coil 13 in FIG. 14 is a group of coils for applying a bias in each of the magnetic sensor devices 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d, and is represented by a single symbol (13).
- the inner periphery of the magnetic body 11 is formed so that the width w in the Y-axis direction decreases as the distance from the center C increases.
- the shape of the magnetic body 11 in this Embodiment is not restricted to this.
- the amount of change in the width w in the Y-axis direction of the inner periphery P excluding the diaphragm 100 may be reduced. That is, the portion excluding the diaphragm 100 may be formed so as to be substantially parallel to the X axis.
- the coil 13 is omitted for illustration.
- the width w of the inner circumference in the Y-axis direction is adjusted to the width of the narrowest portion in the example shown in FIG. By narrowing the inner circumference in this way, the density of the magnetic flux applied from the magnetic body 11 to the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is increased.
- the upper layer pattern 13b and the lower layer pattern 13a are not necessarily the same in the pattern of the coil 13 (portion A in FIG. 3). However, these portions may be matched (the lower layer pattern 13a is matched with the upper layer pattern 13b). Thereby, the strength of the magnetic field applied by the coil 13 can be increased.
- the magnetic sensor device 1 includes the magnetoresistive element 12 as illustrated in FIGS. 16A to 16C, and the width direction of the magnetoresistive element 12 extends from the magnetic body 11 to the magnetoresistive effect. You may arrange
- a plurality of magnetoresistive elements 12 may be arranged as illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B.
- each of the magnetoresistive effect elements 12a and 12b is electrically folded as a meander shape in the longitudinal direction as illustrated in FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b). They may be connected in series with each other.
- the power supply voltage Vcc is applied to one end of the magnetoresistive effect element 12a (the side not connected to the magnetoresistive effect element 12b), and one end of the magnetoresistive effect element 12b (not connected to the magnetoresistive effect element 12a). Side) to the common terminal (GND).
- the other end (side connected to each other) of the magnetoresistive effect element 12a or the magnetoresistive effect element 12b is used as an output terminal.
- the midpoint potential of the pair of magnetoresistive effect elements 12 is set as the output potential.
- an arrow indicating that the power supply voltage Vcc is applied corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the magnetoresistive effect element.
- the left and right directions correspond to the direction of the external magnetic field applied to the magnetoresistive effect element.
- the magnetization directions of the fixed layers of the magnetoresistive elements 12a and 12b are constant (that is, the direction along the X axis), and the magnetoresistive elements 12a and 12b are opposed to each other (reversely). Direction).
- the bent portion may be a metal wiring W as illustrated in FIG. Further, when the wiring W is used in this way, the hysteresis of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is suppressed.
- the magnetic field applied from the magnetic body 11 to the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is not a feedback magnetic field that cancels the measurement target magnetic field but a bias magnetic field that is orthogonal to the measurement target magnetic field.
- the shape of the magnetic body 11 may be a shape that does not have the notch U in the throttle portion 100 and is convex toward the outer peripheral side, as illustrated in FIGS. 16B and 16C.
- the bias magnetic field By applying the bias magnetic field in this way, the hysteresis of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is reduced, and the range in which the resistance value linearly responds to the strength of the external magnetic field can be expanded.
- a pair of magnetoresistive elements 12 in the vicinity of the center C of the magnetic body 11 illustrated in FIG. 2, as illustrated in FIG. A pair of magnetoresistive elements 12 (longitudinal direction is the X-axis direction) in which the magnetization directions of the fixed layers are opposite to each other may be arranged along the (perpendicular direction). Further, as illustrated in FIG. 18B, a pair of magnetoresistive elements 12 (the longitudinal direction is X) whose magnetization directions of the fixed layer are opposite to each other along the Y-axis direction (the direction of the magnetic field to be measured). (Axial direction) may be arranged.
- the magnetization directions of the fixed layers are mutually aligned along the Y-axis direction (the direction of the magnetic field to be measured) as illustrated in FIG.
- a pair of magnetoresistive elements 12 (longitudinal direction is the Y-axis direction) opposite to each other may be arranged, and as illustrated in FIG. 19B, the X-axis direction (the direction orthogonal to the magnetic field to be measured) ),
- a pair of magnetoresistive elements 12 (longitudinal direction is the Y-axis direction) in which the magnetization directions of the fixed layers are opposite to each other may be arranged.
- two pairs of diaphragm portions 100 facing each other are formed, and a single or a pair of magnetoresistive elements are disposed at positions sandwiched by the diaphragm portions 100 facing each other.
- An effect element 12 may be provided.
- the direction in which the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is arranged in this case is according to the example shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 15, or FIG. 18 or FIG.
- a half-bridge circuit can be configured
- a full-bridge circuit is provided. Can be configured.
- the coil 13 is not shown so that the shape of the magnetic body 11 can be easily seen.
- the shape of the magnetic body 11 is not limited to that described so far. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 21, the shape is axisymmetric with respect to the Y axis, and moves away from the center C in the X axis direction by a predetermined distance d in the X axis direction negative or positive direction.
- the shape may include a base 101 formed with a wide width portion 101a so that the width thereof increases, and a narrowed portion 102 that protrudes from the center of the base 101 while tapering to one side of the Y-axis and has a trapezoidal shape. .
- the pair of magnetic bodies 11 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the X axis so that the tops of the throttle portions 102 face each other with a certain width.
- a single or a plurality of magnetoresistive effect elements 12 are arranged between the tops of the diaphragm portions 102 of the pair of magnetic bodies.
- FIG. 21 shows a case where a pair of meander-shaped magnetoresistive effect elements 12 are arranged.
- the coil 13 is wound around the wide portion 101a of the magnetic body 11 in parallel with the Y axis. Further, in the portion other than the wide width portion 101a of the base portion 101, the magnetoresistive effect element 12 (the center thereof (if there are a plurality, a virtual rectangular center C surrounding all the magnetoresistive effect elements 12)) is the center. The coil 13 is wound in a concentric square shape. Further, in the diaphragm unit 102, the coil 13 is wound in parallel with the X-axis direction. Even in this case, a magnetic field can be generated so as to surround the magnetoresistive effect element 12 and configure the magnetization direction of the arrangement conceptually shown in FIG.
- the magnetic body 11 is assumed to have an annular shape (annular shape in which a circumscribed circle is an ellipse) having different aspect ratios.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 illustrate a magnetic sensor device 1 according to another example of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as type 2).
- This magnetic sensor device 1 is also arranged in the measured magnetic field facing the Y-axis direction, and detects the magnitude of the measured magnetic field (or the current forming the measured magnetic field).
- the magnetic sensor device 1 can also be used when a bias magnetic field is applied and an angle between the bias magnetic field and an external magnetic field is detected.
- FIG. 24 is a plan view illustrating the type 2 magnetic sensor device 1 obtained by laminating thin films in a state where each layer is transmitted
- FIG. 25 is a diagram of the first magnetic body 11a and the second magnetic body 11b. This shows the target shape (plan view).
- the type 2 magnetic sensor device 1 includes a first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a disposed on a predetermined axis (referred to as Y axis), and the first magnetic path device 111a.
- a first magnetic body 11a including a pair of first wing-shaped portions 112a extending from the magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111a to both sides in the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Y-axis is provided.
- These first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b are arranged in a symmetrical manner with respect to a virtual symmetry axis ⁇ (hereinafter simply referred to as a symmetry axis ⁇ ) extending in the X-axis direction in this example.
- the respective end portions (left end portion and right end portion) of the wing shape portions 112a, b of the first and second magnetic bodies 11a, 11b facing each other across the axis of symmetry ⁇ are each wing shape portion.
- a magnetic gap is provided as a magnetic saturation suppression unit that suppresses magnetic saturation of the magnetic field. That is, in this type 2, the magnetic body 11 is divided into first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b. These first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b are arranged in the same layer.
- the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b are both symmetrical, and the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b rotate with respect to a point C where the symmetry axis ⁇ and the Y axis intersect. It is symmetrical.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is disposed between the first and second magnetic path merging and diverging portions 111a and 111b with the magnetosensitive direction directed in the Y-axis direction.
- the magnetoresistive element 12 may be an SVGMR element, or a multilayer GMR element or an AMR element.
- the first and second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111 becomes a merging part for merging magnetic lines of force flowing from the blade-shaped part depending on the direction of a current flowing in the coil 13 described later, or the symmetry axis ⁇
- the magnetic field lines flowing in from the magnetic path merging / dividing part 111 side facing each other are separated into the blade shape parts on both sides and become a diversion part. That is, the first and second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111 is a part that divides or merges the magnetic paths, and a portion along the magnetoresistive effect element 12 functions as a magnetic pole part for the magnetoresistive effect element 12.
- the wing shape portion 112 corresponds to the body portion of the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b.
- an insulating layer is formed on the substrate, and the first magnetic layer 11a to be wound around the first magnetic body 11a by aluminum, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the lower pattern 13a_a of the coil 13a and the lower pattern 13b_a of the second coil 13b to be wound around the second magnetic body 11b are arranged to form a lower coil layer, and further sealed with an insulating layer (which may be resin or the like). Stop. Thereafter, a layer including the magnetoresistive effect element 12 and the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b is formed by a thin film process.
- the layer including the magnetic body 11 and the like is sealed with an insulating layer, and a via hole H is formed at a predetermined position of the insulating layer, and a conductor is provided at each corresponding position of the windings (lower patterns 13a_a and 13b_a) of the coil 13. Connecting. Next, the remaining portions (upper patterns 13a_b and 13b_b) of the windings of the coils 13 connected to these conductors are formed of, for example, aluminum and sealed with resin or the like. In this case, the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is located in substantially the same layer as the magnetic body 11. As described above, when the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b are divided into the magnetic path merging / separating portion 111 and the blade shape portion 112, coils wound around each are formed, and the coils are mutually connected. It can also be seen as connected.
- the first magnetic body 11a and the second magnetic body 11b are, for example, an alloy of iron and nickel (permalloy).
- the thickness is 400 nm
- the saturation magnetic flux density Bs 1T
- the initial permeability ⁇ i 2000.
- Each insulating layer is 1 ⁇ m thick.
- the first and second magnetic path merging and diverging portions 111a and 111b of the first magnetic body 11a and the second magnetic body 11b are arranged in the width direction (direction orthogonal to the X axis in the layer, (Hereinafter referred to as the Y-axis direction) is convex on opposite sides (the direction of the symmetry axis ⁇ ).
- the convex portion may be narrowed (tapered) toward the direction of the symmetry axis ⁇ .
- a concave portion is formed on the side opposite to the axis of symmetry ⁇ of each of the first and second magnetic path merging / dividing portions 111a, 111b (the side with respect to the opposite side).
- FIG. 27 shows patterns of the upper coils 13a_b and 13b_b of the first and second coils 13a and 13b.
- the filled rectangle H indicates the position of the via hole
- the upper coil 13a_b or 13b_b and the corresponding lower coil 13a_a or 13b_a correspond to the positions of the corresponding rectangle H. It is electrically connected through a via hole in
- At least a part of the pattern that becomes the winding of the coil 13 is basically arranged parallel to the Y axis. Further, this pattern may be formed so as to be shorter in the Y-axis direction as it is closer to the magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a, b.
- a part of the pattern arranged in parallel to the Y-axis includes a portion that obliquely intersects the Y-axis (a portion that obliquely intersects at an angle within a predetermined angle range with respect to the circumferential direction of the magnetic body, hereinafter, an oblique portion. Are connected to each other and connected to adjacent patterns through via holes.
- the pattern of the portion of the coil 13 wound around the portion related to the magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111 includes a portion LX parallel to the X axis, as shown in FIGS.
- the portions parallel to the Y axis may be connected to both ends of the portion LX parallel to the X axis so as to form a C-shaped bracket as a whole. That is, in the present embodiment, a portion of the coil 13 made of a pattern arranged in parallel with the Y axis (referred to as a first coil element) and a portion made of a C-shaped bracket-shaped pattern adjacent to the portion. (Referred to as a second coil element).
- the direction of the magnetic field formed by the first coil element is parallel to the X axis
- the direction of the magnetic field formed by the second coil element is a direction toward the side on the side of the symmetry axis ⁇ of the magnetic path merging / dividing part 111. Inclined with respect to the X axis. In other words, the direction of the magnetic field formed by the first coil element and the second coil element (coil elements adjacent to each other) is inclined with respect to the other (the coil elements adjacent to each other are different).
- a coil element means what connected this coil piece in multiple numbers in series, when the coil
- the winding T1 ′ of the upper coil 13a_b of the first coil 13a illustrated in FIG. 27 is connected to the pad portion Qb.
- This winding T1 'traverses the first wing-shaped portion 112a of the first magnetic body 11a in the Y-axis direction, and in the via hole H1d disposed in the gap between the first magnetic body 11a and the second magnetic body 11b. It is connected to the winding T1 of the lower coil 13a_a shown in FIG. 26 via a conducting wire.
- the winding T1 of the lower coil 13a_a crosses the first wing shape portion 112a of the first magnetic body 11a in the Y-axis direction.
- An oblique portion is connected to the winding T1, and an end portion of the oblique portion is connected to a winding T2 ′ of the adjacent upper coil 13a_b via a conductor in the via hole H1u.
- the winding T2 ′ further crosses the first wing-shaped portion 112a of the first magnetic body 11a in the Y-axis direction, and is connected to the winding T2 of the lower coil 13a_a through a conductive wire in the via hole H2d.
- the winding T2 is also connected to the oblique portion, and the end of the oblique portion is connected to the winding T3 ′ of the adjacent upper coil 13a_b through the conductive wire in the via hole H2u.
- the windings T3, T3 ′, T4,..., T19 are connected to the magnetic body 11 along the Y axis while passing between the pattern of the lower coil 13a_a and the pattern of the upper coil 13a_b through the corresponding conductive wires in the via holes. It winds in a direction parallel to the.
- the winding T20 ′ of the upper coil 13a_b is connected to the winding T20 of the lower coil 13a_a through the via hole H20d.
- the winding T20 crosses the first wing-shaped portion 112a of the first magnetic body 11a in the Y-axis direction, and then extends over the length of the first magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111a (length in the X-axis direction) X
- the first wing-shaped portion 112a (right side) of the first magnetic body 11a extends in the axial direction, further extends obliquely along the outer periphery of the windings T39 to T21, and is parallel to the Y axis direction on the right side of the winding T21. Across.
- the winding T20 is connected to the winding T21 ′ of the upper coil 13a_b through the via hole H20u.
- the winding T21 ′ is connected to the winding T21 of the lower coil 13a_a through the via hole H21d across the first wing shape portion 112a (right side) of the first magnetic body 11a in parallel with the Y-axis direction.
- the windings T22 ′, T22, T23 ′,..., T39 are parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the magnetic body 11 while passing the pattern of the lower coil 13a_a and the pattern of the upper coil 13a_b through the corresponding via holes. It is designed to wind in any direction.
- the winding T39 is connected to the winding T40 ′ of the upper coil 13a_b through the via hole H39u.
- the winding T40 ′ crosses the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a in a C shape and is connected to the winding T40 of the lower coil 13a_a through the via hole H40d.
- the windings T41 ′, T41, T42 ′,..., T44 are connected to the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a while passing the pattern of the lower coil 13a_a and the pattern of the upper coil 13a_b through the corresponding via holes. It is wound substantially in a C shape.
- the winding T44 of the lower coil 13a_a is connected to a conductive wire T45 'extending substantially in the X-axis direction between the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b in the upper coil 13a_b through the conductive wire in the via hole H44u.
- the lead wire is connected to an external pad portion Qa.
- the second coil 13b is wound around the second magnetic body 11b in the same manner as the first coil 13a, and the second coil 13b is reversed 180 degrees (rotationally symmetric with respect to the point C). It is in a state of being wound around the magnetic body 11b.
- the coil current Ic is applied to the pad portion Qa connected to the first coil 13a, for example.
- a current flows from the part Qa to the pad part Qb, a magnetic field is formed from both end sides of the first blade shape part 112a toward the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a, and in the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a, The lines of magnetic force flowing from both sides of the first wing-shaped portion 112a merge and the second magnetic field of the second magnetic body 11b is caused by the portion of the coil 13 that wraps around the first magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111a portion of the first magnetic body 11a.
- a magnetic path toward the path merging / dividing part 111b is obtained.
- an electric current is passed through the second coil 13b wound around the second magnetic body 11b so as to form magnetic fields respectively directed from the second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111b side to the both ends of the wing-shaped part 112b. That is, the pad part Qb of the second coil 13b and the pad part Qa of the first coil 13a are connected, and the pad part Qa of the second coil 13b is connected to the common terminal (GND).
- a coil current Ic is applied to the pad portion Qa of the first coil 13a.
- the lines of magnetic force flowing from the first magnetic body 11a side are diverted by the second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111b, and magnetic paths respectively directed to both ends of the wing-shaped part 112b are formed.
- FIG. 43 (a) the magnetic field formed by the coils 13a, 13b is shown in FIG. 43 (b)
- FIG. 43 (b) assuming an elliptical shape circumscribing both the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b, a magnetization distribution is formed that rotates once in a half circumference clockwise from the left end of the drawing. .
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is placed in the merged magnetic field, and the magnetic field can be efficiently applied to the magnetoresistive effect element 12.
- FIG. 44 is a reference diagram showing the distribution of magnetic flux density in each magnetic body of type 1 and type 2.
- the magnetic lines of force that flow from both sides of the second blade shape portion 112b merge in the second magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111b of the second magnetic body 11b.
- the magnetic lines of force flowing from the second magnetic body 11b side are diverted in the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a of the first magnetic body 11a.
- the magnetic field (feedback magnetic field) applied to the magnetoresistive effect element 12 by the first and second magnetic bodies 11a, 11b and the coils 13a, 13b wound respectively is opposite to the direction of the measured magnetic field.
- the number of windings of the coil in the description so far is not limited to the example shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, and may be larger or smaller than the examples of FIGS.
- the patterns arranged in parallel with the Y axis in FIGS. 26 and 27 are formed so as to be shorter in the Y axis direction as they are closer to the first and second magnetic path merging / dividing portions 111a and 111b,
- the magnetic body 11 is narrowed away from the axis of symmetry ⁇ on the side close to the first and second magnetic path merging / dividing portions 111a and 111b, and therefore the coil 13 wound on the magnetic body 11 is also first and second.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- FIG. 28 shows a magnetic sensor device 1 according to still another example of the present embodiment (hereinafter referred to as type 3).
- This type 3 magnetic sensor device 1 is obtained by laminating thin films in the same manner as the type 2 magnetic sensor device 1, and the shape of the magnetic body 11 and the manner of lamination of each layer are the same as those in type 2.
- the mode of the coil 13 is different from that of the type 2.
- FIG. 28 is a plan view illustrating a type 3 magnetic sensor device 1 obtained by laminating thin films in a state where each layer is transmitted.
- FIG. 29 illustrates patterns of the lower coils 13a_a and 13b_a of the first and second coils 13a and 13b in the type 3 magnetic sensor device 1.
- FIG. 30 illustrates patterns of the upper coils 13a_b and 13b_b of the first and second coils 13a and 13b.
- the portion indicated by the filled rectangular shape H is the position of the via hole, and the upper coil 13a_b or 13b_b and the corresponding lower coil 13a_a or 13b_a are the positions of the corresponding rectangular shape H. It is electrically connected through a via hole in
- At least a part of the pattern to be the winding of the coil 13 is basically arranged in parallel to the Y axis.
- this pattern has a constant length from the vertical end of the magnetic body 11 to the end of the pattern of the coil 13 on the near side.
- the length of the pattern arranged in parallel with the Y axis in the Y axis direction is substantially the same.
- a part of the pattern arranged in parallel to the Y-axis includes a portion that obliquely intersects the Y-axis (a portion that obliquely intersects at an angle within a predetermined angle range with respect to the circumferential direction of the magnetic body, hereinafter, an oblique portion.
- an oblique portion is connected to each other and connected to adjacent patterns through via holes.
- the coils 13a and 13b are wound around the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b, respectively, for example, if a current flows from the pad portion Qa connected to the first coil 13a to Qb, A magnetic field is formed from both ends of the one blade-shaped portion 112a toward the first magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111a, and magnetic lines of force flowing from both sides of the first wing-shaped portion 112a merge at the first magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111a. Then, a magnetic path toward the second magnetic path confluence / division portion 111b of the second magnetic body 11b is obtained by the portion of the coil 13 wound around the first magnetic path confluence / division portion 111a portion of the first magnetic body 11a. .
- an electric current is passed through the second coil 13b wound around the second magnetic body 11b so as to form magnetic fields respectively directed from the second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111b side to the both ends of the wing-shaped part 112b.
- the lines of magnetic force flowing from the first magnetic body 11a side are diverted by the second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111b, and magnetic paths respectively directed to both ends of the wing-shaped part 112b are formed. Therefore, the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is placed in the combined magnetic field, and a magnetic field can be efficiently applied to the magnetoresistive effect element 12.
- the number of windings of the coil in the description so far is not limited to the example shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, and may be more or less.
- the shape of the coil is not wound, but may be a flat coil shape and disposed on either the upper surface or the lower surface of the magnetic body 11. That is, as long as a magnetic field substantially equivalent to the magnetic field formed by the coil in FIG.
- the shape of the magnetic body 11 of the type 2 and type 3 magnetic sensor device 1 is not limited to those illustrated in FIG. 24 and FIG. 28, and as illustrated in FIG.
- the side of the wing shape portion on the side of the symmetry axis ⁇ may be a straight line.
- the side of the wing-shaped portion on the side different from the symmetry axis ⁇ may be linear.
- the side of the wing-shaped portion on the side of the symmetry axis ⁇ may be formed so as to be farther from the symmetry axis ⁇ as it is closer to the magnetic path merging / dividing portion in a predetermined range near the magnetic path merging / dividing portion. That is, the width of the blade-shaped portion may be narrowed as it approaches the magnetic path merging / dividing portion in a predetermined range near the magnetic path merging / dividing portion.
- the number of the magnetoresistive effect element 12 arranged between the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a and the second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111b may not be one. Good.
- the plurality of magnetoresistive elements 12 are arranged between the first magnetic path merging / dividing part 111a and the second magnetic path merging / dividing part 111b, as illustrated in FIG. What is necessary is just to arrange
- the magnetoresistive effect element can be arranged as shown in any of FIGS.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this. That is, in an example of the present embodiment, the first layer including the auxiliary magnetic body 11 ′ having substantially the same shape as the magnetic body 11 around which the coil 13 is wound, the second layer including the lower coil 13 a, and the magnetic body 11 are provided.
- the third layer including the upper layer 13b, the fourth layer including the upper coil 13b, and the fifth layer including the auxiliary magnetic body 11 'having substantially the same shape as the magnetic body 11 around which the coil 13 is wound may be stacked in this order. In other words, this corresponds to a structure in which the magnetic sensor device 1 according to the example described so far is sandwiched between layers including the auxiliary magnetic body 11 ′ having substantially the same shape as the magnetic body 11.
- each magnetic body 11 may include not only one wing shape portion 112 on each of the left and right but also more wing shape portions 112. Specifically, in the example illustrated in FIG. 35, two wing-shaped portions 112 are formed on each of the left and right sides of the magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111.
- the coil 13 is disposed so as to cross the two wing-shaped portions 112 on both the left and right sides in the Y-axis direction.
- At least one pair of wing-shaped bodies 112 ′ may be provided on each of the first and second magnetic bodies 11 a and 11 b using the same material as the magnetic body 11.
- Each pair of the wing-shaped bodies 112 ′ has substantially the same shape as the left and right wing-shaped portions 112 of each magnetic body 11.
- the blade-shaped body 112 ′ is disposed on the layer where the magnetic path merging / dividing part 111 is formed via an insulating layer. Note that the wing-shaped body 112 ′ is arranged at a position overlapping the wing-shaped portion 112 having the same shape in plan view.
- the insulating layer between the wing-shaped body 112 ′ and the wing-shaped portion 112 is formed so as to become thinner toward the magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111 near the side on the target axis ⁇ side of the magnetic path merging / dividing portion 111.
- the blade-shaped body 112 ′ is magnetically connected to the side on the side of the symmetry axis ⁇ of the magnetic path merging / dividing part 111 of the corresponding magnetic body 11.
- FIG. 37 shows a cross-sectional view of the magnetic body 11 taken along the fracture surface in the Y-axis direction including the symmetry point C.
- the magnetic path merging / dividing part 111 is arranged in the Y-axis direction near the boundary with the blade shape part 112.
- FIG. 38 shows a cross-sectional view broken at the fracture surface
- FIG. 39 shows a cross-sectional view near the center of the wing-shaped portion 112 at the fracture surface in the X-axis direction.
- the end portions (the left end portion and the right end portion) of the wing-shaped portions 112a and 112b of the first and second magnetic bodies 11a and 11b facing each other across the axis of symmetry ⁇ are It is assumed that a magnetic gap is provided as a magnetic saturation suppression unit that suppresses the magnetic saturation of each blade shape part, but in this embodiment, the magnetic saturation suppression unit is not limited to such a gap. .
- the shape of the magnetic body according to one aspect of the present embodiment the blade shape portions 112a, b of the first and second magnetic bodies 11a, b are illustrated.
- the ends opposite to each other across the axis of symmetry ⁇ are connected as magnetic saturation suppression portions 113 using a film having a relatively low permeability and a high magnetic flux density, for example, a film having a composition of Co 50 Fe 50. May be.
- the magnetic saturation suppressing portion 113 a thin film formed of a material having a high saturation magnetic flux density that is relatively difficult to cause magnetic saturation may be used.
- a thin film spiral coil 120 may be laminated on the magnetic sensor device 1 in the XY plane.
- the portion of the spiral coil 120 that is substantially parallel to the Y-axis direction is disposed in the vicinity of the magnetoresistive effect element 12.
- the magnetoresistive effect element 12 is not oriented in the Y-axis direction but in the magnetosensitive direction (the magnetization of the fixed layer), as illustrated in FIG. Direction) may be arranged in the X-axis direction.
- a pair of magnetoresistive elements 12 in which the magnetization directions of the fixed layer are opposite to each other along the Y-axis direction (the direction of the magnetic field to be measured). May be arranged, and the magnetization directions of the fixed layers may be aligned along the X-axis direction (the direction orthogonal to the magnetic field to be measured) in the same manner as illustrated in FIG.
- a pair of magnetoresistive effect elements 12 (longitudinal direction is the Y-axis direction) opposite to each other may be arranged.
- the operable range when the feedback current is 10 mA is about 1591 A / m (20 Oe) compared to the case where the feedback current (FB current) is not applied.
- the operable range when the feedback current is 20 mA is about 3182 A / m (40 Oe). This is because the measurement magnetic flux can be prevented from concentrating on the magnetosensitive element, and the strength of the magnetic saturation field can be increased, thereby increasing the range in which the magnetic saturation does not occur, thus improving the measurement accuracy.
- FIG. 23 shows the magnetoresistance change rate dR / R of the magnetic sensor device 1 illustrated in FIG.
- the hysteresis is reduced when a bias magnetic field of about 3978 A / m (50 Oe) is applied, and the change is linear, compared to the case where there is no bias magnetic field (FIG. 23A). It was confirmed that the part to be expanded and the operable range was expanded (FIG. 23B).
- a necessary magnetic field can be applied to the magnetoresistive element 12 with a relatively low current consumption, and the range of detectable magnetic field strength can be expanded.
- FIG. 42 shows the measured magnetic flux density By_MRE (T) in the Y-axis direction.
- T the measured magnetic flux density
- type 2a has a shorter blade-shaped portion in the X-axis direction than type 2b.
- FIG. 42 will be described.
- the point at which the magnetic flux density in the element in the Y-axis direction becomes zero when the measurement magnetic field Hex is changed while applying a constant feedback current to the coil is a magnetic field that can be fed back.
- the feedback current was 10 mA.
- the type 1 magnetic sensor device 1 has a larger cancelable external magnetic field Hex than the type 2 and 3 magnetic sensor devices 1 and can broaden the range of magnetic fields that can be detected.
- the type 1 magnetic sensor device 1 can be operated with lower current consumption than the type 2 and type 3 magnetic sensor devices 1.
- the type 2 magnetic sensor device 1 having the magnetic saturation suppression portion is magnetic saturation in the magnetic body 11. Measurement accuracy can be improved.
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
H>Hbならば、a>b、
H<Hbならば、a<b、
HとHbとが同等程度ならばa=b、
とする。
Claims (11)
- 所定の軸上に配された磁路合流分流部と、この磁路合流分流部から前記軸の両側に延伸される少なくとも一対の翼形状部とを備える薄膜の第1磁性体と、
前記所定の軸上にあって、前記第1磁性体の磁路合流分流部と間隔を置いて配される磁路合流分流部と、この磁路合流分流部から前記軸の両側に延伸される少なくとも一対の翼形状部を備えた薄膜の第2磁性体と、
前記第1磁性体に巻回される第1コイルと、
前記第2磁性体に巻回される第2コイルと、
前記第1磁性体の磁路合流分流部と、第2磁性体の磁路合流分流部との間に配される磁気抵抗効果素子と、を含み、
前記第1コイルは、第1磁性体の少なくとも一対の翼形状部のそれぞれから前記磁路合流分流部に合流あるいは分流される磁路に磁場を印加し、
前記第2コイルは、第2磁性体の前記磁路合流分流部から少なくとも一対の翼形状部のそれぞれに分流あるいは合流される磁路に磁場を印加し、
前記磁気抵抗効果素子には、前記合流された磁路に沿って、磁場が印加される磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項1記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記第1磁性体の各翼形状部と、当該各翼形状部にそれぞれ対応する側にある第2磁性体の各翼形状部とが一体的に接続されてなる磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項1記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記第1磁性体の各翼形状部と、当該各翼形状部にそれぞれ対応する側にある第2磁性体の各翼形状部との間には、各翼形状部の磁気的な飽和を抑制する磁気飽和抑制部が形成される磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項3記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記磁気飽和抑制部が、非磁性部材により形成される磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項1,3,4のいずれか一項に記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記第1,第2磁性体の磁路合流分流部はそれぞれ、前記軸上で互いに対向する側に凸部を有し、前記軸上で当該凸部に対する側には凹部が形成されてなる磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項1,3,4,5のいずれか一項に記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記第1コイル及び第2コイルは、それぞれ複数のコイル要素を含んでなり、各コイル要素が形成する磁化方向の傾きが、互いに隣接するコイル要素同士で異なっている磁気センサデバイス。 - 環状をなす磁性体と、
当該磁性体に巻回され、前記磁性体の周方向に半周で一回転する方向の磁場を印加するコイルと、
前記磁性体の環状の中心部に配され、測定対象となる磁場の方向に磁化方向が固定された固定層を有する磁気抵抗効果素子と、
を含む磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項7記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記磁性体は、
縦横比の異なる環状をなし、当該環状の中心を通る短径方向に延びる線分に交差する位置における幅が、環状の中心を通る長径方向に延びる線分に交差する位置における幅よりも細く形成されている磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項7または8記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記磁性体は、その中心を通る短径方向に延びる線分に交差する位置に、前記磁気抵抗効果素子に向けた絞りが設けられて、その内外周が亜鈴形状をなし、前記絞りにおいては磁気抵抗効果素子に向けてその幅が狭められたテーパ部が形成されている磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項9記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記磁性体は、その中心を通る短径方向に延びる線分に交差する位置の外周部に、前記磁気抵抗効果素子に向けた切込みが形成されてなる磁気センサデバイス。 - 請求項7から10のいずれか一項に記載の磁気センサデバイスであって、
前記コイルは、前記磁性体の周方向に対して所定角度範囲の角度で斜めに交わる斜交部を含む磁気センサデバイス。
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JP2019148475A (ja) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-05 | Tdk株式会社 | 磁気センサ |
JP2019200835A (ja) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-11-21 | 株式会社東芝 | 磁気記録ヘッド及び磁気記録再生装置 |
JP2021015663A (ja) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 磁気記録ヘッド及び磁気記録再生装置 |
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US10605874B2 (en) | 2018-08-06 | 2020-03-31 | Allegro Microsystems, Llc | Magnetic field sensor with magnetoresistance elements having varying sensitivity |
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