WO2013137381A1 - チタン酸リチウムおよびその製造方法、その用途 - Google Patents
チタン酸リチウムおよびその製造方法、その用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013137381A1 WO2013137381A1 PCT/JP2013/057158 JP2013057158W WO2013137381A1 WO 2013137381 A1 WO2013137381 A1 WO 2013137381A1 JP 2013057158 W JP2013057158 W JP 2013057158W WO 2013137381 A1 WO2013137381 A1 WO 2013137381A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/003—Titanates
- C01G23/005—Alkali titanates
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/30—Three-dimensional structures
- C01P2002/32—Three-dimensional structures spinel-type (AB2O4)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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- C01P2006/12—Surface area
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- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention efficiently and inexpensively manufactures substantially single-phase lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) that satisfies the required characteristics as an active material for a negative electrode or a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the present invention relates to a method, lithium titanate obtained by the production method thereof, and use thereof.
- Lithium ion secondary batteries are characterized by high energy density compared to lead batteries and nickel metal hydride batteries, and therefore, research and development have been actively conducted mainly on in-vehicle batteries. In particular, in this application, in addition to high energy density, excellent high output charge / discharge performance, long life, and high safety are required.
- Lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12
- Lithium titanate has attracted attention as an active material for a negative electrode or a positive electrode that satisfies these required characteristics.
- lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) as a negative electrode or positive electrode active material has a capacity close to the theoretical value of 175 mAh / g during low-rate charge / discharge.
- lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) is required to be a single phase.
- the capacity decrease during high-rate charge / discharge is small, that is, the rate performance is good.
- lithium titanate For this purpose, it is required to increase the specific surface area of lithium titanate and increase the area involved in the charge / discharge reaction.
- the specific surface area when the specific surface area is large, the viscosity when lithium titanate is dispersed together with a conductive additive, a binder, and a solvent to form an electrode mixture slurry becomes high and handling becomes difficult. Furthermore, since side reactions that cause cycle deterioration and safety reduction are also likely to occur, it is preferable that the specific surface area be small. Thus, in order to satisfy all the required characteristics, it is necessary to find a production method capable of obtaining lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) having an appropriate specific surface area in a single phase.
- Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 lithium titanate
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-07-320784 (Patent Document 1) and JP-A-2001-192208 (Patent Document 2)
- Patent Document 2 a method is known in which anatase-type titanium dioxide and lithium hydroxide are mixed and baked at 800 ° C. or higher in an oxygen atmosphere. Since the lithium titanate obtained by this production method has a relatively small specific surface area of 10 m 2 / g or less, the viscosity at the time of preparing the electrode mixture slurry is low and easy to handle.
- the above-described lithium ion secondary battery has a large capacity drop at the time of high output charge / discharge, that is, the rate performance is low, so that it is difficult to apply to in-vehicle use.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a method of producing lithium titanate having a specific surface area of 10 to 300 m 2 / g by hydrothermal treatment of orthotitanic acid and lithium hydroxide. Since the lithium titanate obtained by this production method has a large area involved in the charge / discharge reaction, the capacity drop during high-power charge / discharge is small, that is, the rate performance is good. On the other hand, since the lithium titanate obtained by the above-described production method has a high oil absorption, the viscosity at the time of preparing the electrode mixture slurry is high and difficult to handle. Furthermore, since the lithium titanate obtained by the above-described production method is liable to cause side reactions that cause cycle deterioration and safety reduction, it is difficult to ensure safety.
- lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12
- rate performance and cycle performance, safety, and handleability of lithium titanate are in a trade-off relationship, and satisfying all required characteristics is a very difficult task. is there.
- lithium titanate in addition to satisfying the required characteristics as a battery active material, profitability is an extremely important factor.
- a solid phase method in which a raw material powder made of a lithium compound and a raw material powder made of a titanium compound are mixed and fired is used, and further, a raw material powder made of a lithium compound As the body, it is preferable to use lithium carbonate rather than lithium hydroxide because cost can be reduced.
- lithium carbonate when considering the formation mechanism of lithium titanate in the solid phase method. That is, when lithium hydroxide is used, lithium hydroxide (melting point: 462 ° C.) is melted during firing, and the raw material powder made of a titanium compound reacts with the lithium component in the molten salt, so that lithium titanate Produces.
- lithium carbonate melting point: 723 ° C.
- lithium titanate since the melting point is high, lithium titanate is not generated in low-temperature firing, and Li component volatilizes in high-temperature firing. Difficult to get. Therefore, a method for producing lithium titanate using lithium carbonate in the following solid phase method has been proposed.
- Patent Document 4 rutile type titanium oxide and lithium carbonate are mixed, then pressure-molded, and pre-fired at 700 ° C. for 4.5 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- Patent Document 4 rutile type titanium oxide and lithium carbonate are mixed, then pressure-molded, and pre-fired at 700 ° C. for 4.5 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- this manufacturing method requires two firing steps, resulting in high costs.
- the lithium titanate obtained because it requires pressure molding becomes a strong sintered body, and grains tend to remain in the product.
- it is difficult to control the volatilization amount of the Li component and it is difficult to obtain Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 in a single phase.
- the process can be completed relatively easily.
- the melting point is high, at a temperature lower than the melting point, Lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) is not generated, and on the other hand, the Li component is volatilized by baking at a temperature higher than 800 ° C., and lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) is efficiently produced in a single phase. There was a problem that it was difficult to get.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, using single-phase lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) excellent in rate performance and easy to handle, using lithium carbonate as a lithium source, It aims at providing the method of manufacturing industrially advantageous.
- the present inventors have used a titanate compound as a titanium source, and even when using lithium carbonate as a lithium source, a firing temperature zone in which the Li component does not volatilize,
- lithium titanate having excellent battery characteristics at a relatively low temperature of 723 to 800 ° C. and without performing two-step firing or pressure molding can be found in a substantially single phase and industrially advantageously.
- the obtained lithium titanate has a specific surface area of 10 m 2 / g or less, the viscosity at the time of preparing the electrode mixture slurry is low, it is easy to handle, and the wettability with respect to the non-aqueous electrolyte is good. For this reason, the insertion / extraction reaction of Li ions in charge / discharge proceeded smoothly, and as a result, it was found that the rate performance was excellent, and the present invention was completed.
- the lithium titanate of the present invention obtained by using lithium carbonate as a starting material has good wettability with respect to the non-aqueous electrolyte, specifically, an index showing wettability, as described later.
- the defined permeation rate coefficient is characterized by being larger than the permeation rate coefficient of lithium titanate obtained by using lithium hydroxide as a starting material for the same non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the penetration rate coefficient of the lithium titanate of the present invention is 0.03 g 2 / s or more or 0.04 g 2 / s or more, and the specific surface area is 10 m 2 / g or less or 4.0 m 2. / G or less.
- the penetration rate coefficient of lithium titanate obtained by using lithium carbonate as the lithium source is at least compared to the penetration rate coefficient of lithium hydroxide obtained by using lithium hydroxide as a starting material. It is characterized by being larger than 10%.
- the method for producing lithium titanate according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the method for producing by a solid phase method, lithium carbonate is used as a lithium source and metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid is used as a titanium source. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) by mixing and firing a raw material powder made of a lithium compound and a raw material powder made of a titanate compound.
- the lithium compound is lithium carbonate
- the titanic acid compound is metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid.
- the firing temperature is preferably 723 ° C. to 950 ° C.
- the lithium titanate of the present invention has good wettability with respect to the non-aqueous electrolyte, the Li ion insertion / extraction reaction during charge / discharge proceeds smoothly, and as a result, the rate performance is excellent. Furthermore, since the lithium titanate of the present invention has a specific surface area of 10 m 2 / g or less or 4.0 m 2 / g or less, the viscosity at the time of preparing the electrode mixture slurry is low, and the handleability is excellent.
- lithium carbonate is used as a lithium source instead of lithium hydroxide, so that the manufacturing process can be completed relatively easily, and lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) can be manufactured at low cost.
- the titanic acid compound combined with lithium carbonate is metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid, and metatitanic acid is preferable.
- lithium carbonate when metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid is used as the titanate compound combined with lithium carbonate, even if lithium carbonate is used as a starting material, it is preferably 723 ° C. to 850 ° C., more preferably 723 ° C. to 800 ° C., most preferably Lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) can be obtained at a relatively low firing temperature of 750 ° C. Further, if the firing temperature of the above, it is possible to obtain lithium titanate in 20 hours or less baking time (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12) .
- lithium titanate Li 4 Ti 5 O 12
- lithium titanate other than Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 is by-produced, or lithium element or lithium compound Control of the Li / Ti atomic ratio does not become difficult due to the occurrence of volatilization loss, and the problem that the raw material titanium oxide and coarse particles remain in the product is solved.
- lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) obtained by the production method of the present invention can satisfy high required characteristics such as high charge / discharge characteristics as an active material of a lithium ion secondary battery. It is suitable for use as a negative electrode active material or / and a positive electrode active material of a secondary battery.
- lithium titanate excellent in rate performance and easy to handle is obtained, and lithium titanate capable of satisfying the high required characteristics of a lithium ion secondary battery typified by an in-vehicle battery, and a method for producing the same Can be provided. Furthermore, according to the production method of the present invention, by using lithium carbonate as a lithium source, lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) is substantially single-phase and efficiently and industrially advantageously produced. be able to.
- Example 1 By metering metatitanic acid and lithium carbonate so that the molar ratio of Li to Ti is 4: 5, mixing them using a Henschel mixer, and then firing in air at 723 ° C. for 20 hours, titanium Lithium acid was obtained.
- Example 2 Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature was 750 ° C.
- Example 3 Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature was 850 ° C.
- Example 4 Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the firing temperature was 950 ° C.
- Example 5 Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that orthotitanic acid was used instead of metatitanic acid.
- Example 6 Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that orthotitanic acid was used instead of metatitanic acid and the firing temperature was 950 ° C.
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that lithium hydroxide was used instead of lithium carbonate.
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that anatase-type titanium dioxide (AMT-400, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid.
- AMT-400 anatase-type titanium dioxide
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that anatase-type titanium dioxide (AMT-400, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid, and the firing temperature was 850 ° C.
- AMT-400 anatase-type titanium dioxide
- metatitanic acid metatitanic acid
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that anatase-type titanium dioxide (AMT-400, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid, and the firing temperature was 950 ° C.
- AMT-400 anatase-type titanium dioxide
- metatitanic acid metatitanic acid
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that anatase-type titanium dioxide (JA-1, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid.
- anatase-type titanium dioxide JA-1, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that anatase-type titanium dioxide (JA-1, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid, and the firing temperature was 950 ° C.
- anatase-type titanium dioxide JA-1, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that rutile titanium dioxide (JR, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid.
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that rutile titanium dioxide (JR, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.) was used instead of metatitanic acid and the firing temperature was 950 ° C.
- rutile titanium dioxide JR, manufactured by Teika Co., Ltd.
- Lithium titanate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that lithium hydroxide was used instead of lithium carbonate.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- lithium carbonate is used as the lithium compound, and metatitanium as the titanate compound.
- Substantially single-phase lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) was obtained (see Examples 1 to 6).
- the lithium titanate obtained by the production method of the present invention shows a quality equivalent to or higher than that obtained when lithium hydroxide is used as the lithium source (see Comparative Examples 1 and 9). From this, it was also found that the production method of the present invention is useful for obtaining lithium titanate having very few impurities. Therefore, according to the production method of the present invention, substantially single-phase lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) can be produced efficiently and inexpensively.
- lithium carbonate is used as the lithium compound, and metatitanium as the titanate compound. It was found that when acid or orthotitanic acid was used, the molar ratio of Li and Ti was controlled to the target value of 0.80.
- the specific surface area of the lithium titanate is 4.0 m 2 / g or less, and generally has a specific surface area of 10 m 2 / g or less, which is necessary for facilitating handling during electrode mixture slurry preparation. It was found that this was sufficiently satisfied (see Examples 1 to 6).
- the molar ratio of Li and Ti is controlled to the target value of 0.80, and the specific surface area is also 10 m 2 / g. It was found that the following range was adjusted.
- titanium oxide such as anatase type titanium dioxide or rutile type titanium dioxide is used as the titanic acid compound combined with lithium carbonate instead of metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid
- the molar ratio of Li to Ti is 0.75. It was found that there was a variation between ⁇ 0.80 and the control was not performed (see Comparative Examples 2 to 8).
- the obtained lithium titanate was mixed at a weight ratio of 90: 5: 5 together with acetylene black as a conductive agent and PVDF as a binder, and NMP was added as a dispersion medium to obtain a solid content.
- a 30 wt% electrode mixture slurry was prepared. This electrode mixture slurry was applied onto an aluminum foil as a current collector using an applicator (# 16) and then dried to produce a lithium titanate-containing electrode.
- the obtained lithium titanate-containing electrode was roll-pressed with a clearance of 20 ⁇ m and punched using electrode punching to form a 2032 type coin cell together with lithium metal as a counter electrode and LiPF 6 / EC / DEC as a non-aqueous electrolyte. .
- the obtained coin cell is charged and discharged under the conditions of a voltage range of 1.0 to 2.5 V, a charge rate of 0.1 C, and a discharge rate of 0.1 C, and the discharge capacity at that time is measured. Evaluated.
- the rate characteristics were evaluated by measuring the discharge capacity during charge and discharge under the conditions of voltage range 1.0 to 2.5 V, charge rate 0.1 C, discharge rates 1 C, 5 C, and 10 C. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- Table 3 shows the discharge capacity at each discharge rate
- Table 4 shows the relative capacity at each discharge rate with respect to the discharge capacity (initial characteristics) at a discharge rate of 0.1 C as the capacity maintenance rate.
- the discharge capacity is shown as a percentage.
- the lithium titanates of Examples 1 to 6 using lithium carbonate as the lithium source and using metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid as the titanate compound combined therewith use lithium carbonate as the lithium source.
- each of the lithium titanates of Comparative Examples 2 to 8 using anatase-type titanium oxide or rutile-type titanium oxide as a titanium source combined with this shows higher charge / discharge characteristics as an electrode active material. . From this, it can be considered that the lithium titanates of Examples 1 to 6 have fewer impurities than the lithium titanates of Comparative Examples 2 to 8, and have excellent crystallinity.
- Example 2 Compared Example 2 with Comparative Example 1 under the same conditions as Example 2 except that lithium hydroxide was used as the lithium source, Example 2 using lithium carbonate used lithium hydroxide. It turned out that the high charge / discharge characteristic as an electrode active material is shown from the comparative example 1. This result is the same when Example 5 is compared with Comparative Example 9 under the same conditions as Example 5 except that lithium hydroxide was used as the lithium source.
- the lithium titanate of Examples 2 and 5 and the lithium titanate of Comparative Examples 1 and 9 are both substantially composed of single phase Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (see Table 1). The difference in discharge characteristics is presumed to be derived from the difference in surface properties such as wettability and specific surface area between the two. This point will be described later separately.
- the firing temperature is lower when the titanate compound is metatitanic acid (Examples 1 to 4) or orthotitanic acid (Examples 5 and 6).
- the titanate compound is metatitanic acid (Examples 1 to 4) or orthotitanic acid (Examples 5 and 6).
- a penetration rate measuring device Puleto Analyzer PNT-N, manufactured by Hosokawa Micron Corporation
- a sample was filled in a predetermined measurement cell and tapped to unify the porosity to 67%. This was immersed in a non-aqueous electrolyte solution (1 mol / L LiPF 6 , EC: DEC (1: 2) V / V%, manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) of a lithium ion secondary battery, and an osmotic electrolyte solution into the sample layer The weight change of was measured.
- the permeation rate coefficient which is an index indicating wettability, was obtained from the initial gradient of the graphs shown in FIGS.
- the permeation rate coefficient obtained under these conditions is defined as “permeation rate coefficient with respect to the non-aqueous electrolyte”.
- the lithium titanate of Example 2 obtained by using lithium carbonate as the lithium source and using metatitanic acid as the titanate compound combined therewith has a permeation rate coefficient of 0.04 g 2 / s or more.
- the lithium titanate of Example 5 obtained by using lithium carbonate as the lithium source and using orthotitanate as the titanate compound combined therewith has a permeation rate coefficient of 0.03 g 2 / s or more. Therefore, it was found that the lithium titanates of Examples 2 and 5 both showed high values, that is, good wettability even when compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 9 using lithium hydroxide as a lithium source. .
- the penetration rate coefficients of the lithium titanates of Examples 2 and 5 obtained by using lithium carbonate as the lithium source are 0.044 g 2 / s and 0.038 g 2 / s.
- the penetration rate coefficients of the lithium titanates of Comparative Examples 1 and 9 obtained by using lithium hydroxide as the lithium source are 0.027 g 2 / s and 0.029 g 2 / s. Therefore, the penetration rate coefficient of lithium titanate obtained by using lithium carbonate as a starting material is at least 10% compared to the penetration rate coefficient of lithium titanate obtained by using lithium hydroxide as a starting material. It turned out that it was bigger.
- the firing temperature when lithium carbonate is used as the lithium source and metatitanic acid or orthotitanic acid is used as the titanate compound combined therewith is 723 to 950 ° C., preferably 723 to 850 ° C., more preferably It was found to be 723-800 ° C, most preferably 750 ° C.
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Abstract
Description
LiとTiのモル比が、4:5となるように、メタチタン酸と炭酸リチウムを計量し、ヘンシェルミキサーを用いてこれらを混合したのち、大気中、723℃で20時間焼成することによって、チタン酸リチウムを得た。
焼成温度を750℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
焼成温度を850℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
焼成温度を950℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてオルトチタン酸を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてオルトチタン酸を用い、焼成温度を950℃とした以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
炭酸リチウムに替えて水酸化リチウムを用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてアナタース型二酸化チタン(AMT-400、テイカ株式会社製)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてアナタース型二酸化チタン(AMT-400、テイカ株式会社製)を用い、焼成温度を850℃とした以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてアナタース型二酸化チタン(AMT-400、テイカ株式会社製)を用い、焼成温度を950℃とした以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてアナタース型二酸化チタン(JA-1、テイカ株式会社製)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてアナタース型二酸化チタン(JA-1、テイカ株式会社製)を用い、焼成温度を950℃とした以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてルチル型二酸化チタン(JR、テイカ株式会社製)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
メタチタン酸に替えてルチル型二酸化チタン(JR、テイカ株式会社製)を用い、焼成温度を950℃とした以外は実施例2と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
炭酸リチウムに替えて水酸化リチウムを用いた以外は実施例5と同様にしてチタン酸リチウムを得た。
Claims (12)
- リチウム化合物からなる原料粉末とチタン酸化合物からなる原料粉末とを混合し、焼成することにより、チタン酸リチウム(Li4Ti5O12)を製造する方法において、前記リチウム化合物は炭酸リチウムであり、前記チタン酸化合物は、メタチタン酸またはオルトチタン酸であることを特徴とするチタン酸リチウムの製造方法。
- 前記焼成温度は、723~950℃であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のチタン酸リチウムの製造方法。
- 前記焼成温度は、723~800℃であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のチタン酸リチウムの製造方法。
- 前記焼成時間は、20時間以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のチタン酸リチウムの製造方法。
- 請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の製造方法によって得られるチタン酸リチウム(Li4Ti5O12)であって、比表面積が10m2/g以下であり、非水電解液に対する浸透速度係数は、出発原料に水酸化リチウムを用いることにより得られたチタン酸リチウムの同じ非水電解液に対する浸透速度係数よりも大きく、そして実質的に単相のLi4Ti5O12からなるチタン酸リチウム。
- 出発原料に炭酸リチウムを用いることにより得られた前記チタン酸リチウムの浸透速度係数は、出発原料に水酸化リチウムを用いることにより得られたチタン酸リチウムの浸透速度係数に比べて、少なくとも10%以上大きいことを特徴とする請求項5に記載のチタン酸リチウム。
- 粉末X線回折測定において、Li4Ti5O12の2θ=18°におけるピーク強度に対するアナタース型酸化チタン、ルチル型酸化チタン、炭酸リチウム、Li2TiO3それぞれの相対強度が5%以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のチタン酸リチウム。
- 負極活物質として、請求項5に記載のチタン酸リチウムが用いられていることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用の負極。
- 正極活物質として、請求項5に記載のチタン酸リチウムが用いられていることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池用の正極。
- 請求項8に記載の負極又は請求項9に記載の正極が組み込まれていることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 出発原料に炭酸リチウムを用いることにより得られるチタン酸リチウムであって、比表面積が10m2/g以下であり、非水電解液に対する浸透速度係数は、出発原料に水酸化リチウムを用いることにより得られたチタン酸リチウムの同じ非水電解液に対する浸透速度係数よりも大きく、そして実質的に単相のLi4Ti5O12からなるチタン酸リチウム。
- 出発原料に炭酸リチウムを用いることにより得られた前記チタン酸リチウムの浸透速度係数は、出発原料に水酸化リチウムを用いることにより得られたチタン酸リチウムの浸透速度係数に比べて、少なくとも10%以上大きいことを特徴とする請求項11に記載のチタン酸リチウム。
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WO2016038682A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-17 | 株式会社 東芝 | 非水電解質電池及び電池パック |
JP2017016873A (ja) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-19 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 蓄電デバイスの電極用チタン酸リチウム粉末および活物質材料、並びにそれを用いた電極シートおよび蓄電デバイス |
WO2022211106A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-06 | 宇部興産株式会社 | チタン含有酸化物粉末、それを用いた負極活物質組成物、及び全固体二次電池 |
WO2024195719A1 (ja) * | 2023-03-23 | 2024-09-26 | 堺化学工業株式会社 | チタン酸凝集体 |
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CN106006723A (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 天津普兰能源科技有限公司 | 一种简易的钛酸锂的制备方法 |
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