JP5708939B2 - チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末及びその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質粒子粉末並びに非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末及びその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質粒子粉末並びに非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5708939B2 JP5708939B2 JP2012044147A JP2012044147A JP5708939B2 JP 5708939 B2 JP5708939 B2 JP 5708939B2 JP 2012044147 A JP2012044147 A JP 2012044147A JP 2012044147 A JP2012044147 A JP 2012044147A JP 5708939 B2 JP5708939 B2 JP 5708939B2
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 69
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 65
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003991 Rietveld refinement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 27
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 lithium titanate Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000550 scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
また、混合反応を行う場合は、反応性を向上させるために微粒子を用いると有利である。
本発明において最も重要な点は、本発明に係る特定量のLi2TiO3が存在するチタン酸リチウム粒子粉末を用いることで、二次電池として優れた初期放電容量と高い出力特性(高率放電容量維持率)を示し、かつガス発生が抑制された非水電解質二次電池を得ることができるという点である。
<チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末の製造>
比表面積10m2/g、一次粒子径180nmの酸化チタンと水酸化リチウムをLi/Ti比のモル比で1.4に調整した反応懸濁液を85℃に加温し、12時間攪拌する。その後、反応懸濁液をろ過し120℃で乾燥した。得られた乾燥粉末のX線回折を行ったところ少なくともLi2TiO3とTiO2との混合物であった。
該乾燥粉末をアルミナるつぼに入れ、マッフル炉で、温度750℃で4時間、空気雰囲気中で焼成を行い、チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末を得た。
酸化チタンの種類、Li/Tiモル比、反応温度、反応時間、焼成温度を変えた以外は、実施例1と同様に処理して、チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末を得た。
比表面積10m2/g、一次粒子径180nmの酸化チタンと水酸化リチウムをLi/Ti比のモル比で2.5に調整した反応懸濁液をオートクレーブに仕込み、175℃に加温し、8時間攪拌する。その後、反応懸濁液をろ過し120℃で乾燥した。
得られた乾燥粉末のX線回折を行ったところ、Li2TiO3単相であった。
比表面積10m2/g、一次粒子径180nmの酸化チタンと炭酸リチウムをLi/Ti比のモル比で0.90に調整・混合し、該混合粉末をアルミナるつぼに入れ、マッフル炉で、温度850℃で4時間、空気雰囲気中で焼成を行い、チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末を得た。
比表面積299m2/g、一次粒子径5nmの酸化チタンと水酸化リチウムをLi/Ti比のモル比で0.9に調整した懸濁液を常温で、2時間攪拌する。その後、混合懸濁液を120℃で蒸発乾固した。該乾燥粉末をアルミナるつぼに入れ、マッフル炉で、温度650℃で4時間、次いで、800℃で4時間、空気雰囲気中で焼成を行い、チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末を得た。
Claims (5)
- スピネル構造を有するチタン酸リチウム粒子粉末において、XRDにてFd−3mで指数付けしたとき、リートベルト解析によるTiO 2 量が1.5%以下で、Li2TiO3量が1%以上6%以下の範囲で、Li4Ti5O12量が94%以上99%以下で、且つ、BET法による比表面積が7〜15m2/gの範囲であり、Li/Ti比(モル比)が0.805〜0.83であることを特徴とするチタン酸リチウム粒子粉末。
- 少なくともLi2TiO3とTiO2との混合物を650℃以上800℃未満で焼成すること特徴とする請求項1記載のチタン酸リチウム粒子粉末の製造方法。
- 請求項1記載のチタン酸リチウム粒子粉末からなる負極活物質粒子粉末。
- 請求項3記載の負極活物質粒子粉末を使用し、対極をリチウム金属としたセルにおいて、リチウムが放出される方向を充電としたときに、初期放電容量が165mAh/g以上で、且つ初期放電容量測定におけるC−レートが0.1Cのとき、10Cと0.1Cの割合にあたる出力特性が80%以上である請求項3記載の非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質粒子粉末。
- 請求項3又は4に記載の負極活物質粒子粉末を使用した非水電解質二次電池。
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JP2012044147A JP5708939B2 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-02-29 | チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末及びその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質粒子粉末並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
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JP5708939B2 true JP5708939B2 (ja) | 2015-04-30 |
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JP5615225B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-18 | 2014-10-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 水熱化学反応を用いるチタン酸リチウムナノ粒子の製造方法 |
WO2013129423A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-06 | 戸田工業株式会社 | チタン酸リチウム粒子粉末、非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質粒子粉末並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
CN103055839A (zh) * | 2013-01-19 | 2013-04-24 | 桂林理工大学 | 锂基岩盐结构复合氧化物光催化剂Li2TiO3及其制备方法 |
WO2015140964A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-24 | 株式会社 東芝 | 電池用電極材料、非水電解質電池及び電池パック |
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JP4642959B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-26 | 2011-03-02 | 東邦チタニウム株式会社 | チタン酸リチウムの製造方法 |
JP2002270175A (ja) * | 2001-03-09 | 2002-09-20 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 二次電源 |
JP4249727B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-13 | 2009-04-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池およびリチウムチタン複合酸化物 |
JP5178111B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-26 | 2013-04-10 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質電池およびパック電池 |
DE102008064651A1 (de) * | 2008-06-03 | 2010-06-02 | Süd-Chemie AG | Lithium-Ionen-Batterie mit einer Anode enthaltend Lithiumtitan-Spinell |
EP2357691A4 (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2013-01-23 | Nat University Iwate Univ Inc | NON-ST-CHIOMETRIC TITANIUM COMPOUND, CARBON COMPOSITE THEREOF, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE COMPOUND, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY CELL CONTAINING THE COMPOUND, AND LITHIUM-ION SECONDARY CELL USING THE ACTIVE MATERIAL NEGATIVE ELECTRODE |
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