WO2013091274A1 - 钢背双向同步拉花装置及其使用方法 - Google Patents

钢背双向同步拉花装置及其使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013091274A1
WO2013091274A1 PCT/CN2012/000677 CN2012000677W WO2013091274A1 WO 2013091274 A1 WO2013091274 A1 WO 2013091274A1 CN 2012000677 W CN2012000677 W CN 2012000677W WO 2013091274 A1 WO2013091274 A1 WO 2013091274A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
slider
inner slider
outer slider
block
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/000677
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
奥斯卡·费纳西
Original Assignee
优蒂利(广州)汽车配件有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2011205411577U external-priority patent/CN202388049U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110432900.XA external-priority patent/CN102632290B/zh
Priority to BR112013007468-0A priority Critical patent/BR112013007468B1/pt
Priority to JP2014509587A priority patent/JP5961253B2/ja
Priority to MX2013002846A priority patent/MX351616B/es
Priority to KR1020137014553A priority patent/KR20140037795A/ko
Application filed by 优蒂利(广州)汽车配件有限公司 filed Critical 优蒂利(广州)汽车配件有限公司
Priority to KR1020167022133A priority patent/KR101698305B1/ko
Priority to US13/814,663 priority patent/US9506513B2/en
Priority to ES12852433T priority patent/ES2716534T3/es
Priority to DK12852433.7T priority patent/DK2796235T3/en
Priority to EP12852433.7A priority patent/EP2796235B1/en
Priority to SI201231571T priority patent/SI2796235T1/sl
Priority to CA2811196A priority patent/CA2811196C/en
Publication of WO2013091274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013091274A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D41/00—Broaching machines or broaching devices characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D41/02—Broaching machines or broaching devices characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of frames; of work supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/092—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/068—Shaving, skiving or scarifying for forming lifted portions, e.g. slices or barbs, on the surface of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D41/00—Broaching machines or broaching devices characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D41/08—Broaching machines or broaching devices characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of drives; of control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
    • F16D69/04—Attachment of linings
    • F16D2069/0425—Attachment methods or devices
    • F16D2069/0491—Tools, machines, processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/40—Broaching
    • Y10T409/400175—Process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobile parts, in particular to a steel back bidirectional synchronous drawing device for an automobile brake pad and a using method thereof. Background technique
  • Medium and small automobile brake pads generally include a steel back and a friction block, wherein the friction block is bonded by a friction material such as a reinforcing material, a binder and a filler; the steel back serves to support and support the friction block, and is made of steel plate stamping. .
  • the steel back When braking, the steel back is pushed by the brake caliper, and the friction block is rubbed against the brake disc or the drum to achieve the purpose of decelerating the vehicle by friction. Since the brake pads are the most critical safety parts in the brake system of the car, all the brake effects are decisive for the brake pads. Therefore, the gluing firmness of the steel back and the friction material and the strength of the steel back are important factors.
  • the steel back on the market is mainly divided into three types - the spur steel back.
  • This method uses a special numerical control equipment to perform burrs on the steel back surface by programming different procedures.
  • the density of the steel back is very high. Low, and the teeth are not strong enough, easy to fall off, and the steel back production efficiency is low, it is not suitable for large-scale mass production.
  • Counterbored steel back this method is to punch a certain number of counterbore (blind hole) on the surface of the steel back.
  • the friction material will enter the counterbore (blind hole) to increase the brake.
  • the shear strength of the sheet The shear strength of the sheet.
  • the counterbore blind hole
  • the counterbore affects the appearance and flatness of the product during processing.
  • the net lock steel back is to directly weld the steel mesh on the steel back, which can increase the shear strength of the steel back and the friction material to some extent.
  • the shear strength is low and can only be applied within a certain range.
  • the applicant developed a steel back automatic drawing device (Chinese invention patent application CN101979200A), which can form two-way pulling teeth on the steel back, and has the advantages of fast processing, stability, firm root, and high shear strength of the product.
  • the above-mentioned steel back automatic drawing device needs to process the bidirectional pulling teeth on the same steel back material twice, that is, the processing of the pulling teeth in one direction and the processing of the pulling teeth in the other direction are performed, so the processing efficiency is still Need to improve; and the existing two-step tooth processing method is also easy to make the teeth have a height difference, affecting the appearance and performance of the product. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a steel back bi-directional flushing device capable of realizing two-way pulling and one-time forming, high processing efficiency, uniform tooth height, firm root, and easy to fall off, suitable for mass production and wide application range. Its making Use the method.
  • the utility model relates to a steel back bidirectional synchronous drawing device, which comprises an upper mold base and is connected with a hydraulic press; an upper template is installed parallel to the lower part of the upper mold base; a lower mold base is connected with the hydraulic press; and a lower template is installed parallel to the upper part of the lower mold base, the characteristics thereof
  • the utility model further comprises: a forming upper mold and a workpiece positioning lower mold, wherein the forming upper mold is mounted on the upper template, the forming upper mold comprises a blade sliding plate, a left blade, a right blade, a left inner slider, a right inner slider, a left outer
  • the slider and the right outer slider, the left inner slider and the right inner slider are symmetrically horizontally slidably mounted on the lower portion of the blade sliding plate, and the left blade and the right blade are horizontally fixed on the left inner slider and the lower inner slider lower surface, respectively.
  • the inner slider and the right inner slider are horizontally mounted with a spring, and the left outer slider and the right outer slider are respectively mounted on the left inner slider and the right inner slider;
  • the workpiece positioning lower mold is mounted on the lower template, and the workpiece is positioned
  • the mold comprises a concave mold, a product floating block and a floating spring, and a workpiece positioning cavity is formed between the concave mold and the product floating block;
  • a push rod is arranged on a lower part of the lower mold base, and a corresponding left outer slide and right outer slide are fixed on the lower mold base
  • a fixed position column is vertically fixed on one side of the lower mold base.
  • the left outer slider, the right outer slider, the left inner slider and the right inner slider are both wedge-shaped blocks, and the contact surface thereof is inclined inward at a lower end.
  • the lower surface of the lower die plate is fixed to the lower pallet, and the pusher is fixed at the bottom of the lower pallet.
  • the surfaces of the left and right blades are provided with regularly distributed teeth having a density of 6 / mm 2 .
  • the left blade and the right blade are slidably inserted together, and the positions of the pulling teeth are staggered.
  • the method for using the steel back bidirectional synchronous drawing device comprises the following steps: in a first step, the raw material is placed in a workpiece positioning cavity formed between the concave die and the product floating block; and the second step is in the hydraulic press Driven by the upper mold base toward the lower mold base;
  • the left blade and the right blade are combined with the raw material product, and the push rod transmits the reaction force to the lower template under the action of the nitrogen gas spring of the hydraulic press, thereby providing a vertical direction force for inserting the material into the blade; meanwhile, the lower mold base is The fixed left support block and the right support block act on the left outer slider and the right outer slider, and push the left outer slider and the right outer slider upward, thereby pushing the left inner slider and the right inner slider inward. Movement, thereby pushing the left blade and the right blade to move horizontally inward, forming teeth on the surface of the raw material;
  • the left blade and the right blade continuously penetrate the surface of the material during the movement until the upper template and the lower template are completely closed, and the left blade and the right blade enter the material depth to reach the set value;
  • the hydraulic press drives the upper die holder to continue to move downward.
  • the left blade and the right blade stop in the vertical direction, and the left support block and the right support block continue to push the left outer slider and the right outer slider to move upward, and the left blade
  • the right blade continues to move in the horizontal direction, and the teeth on the surface of the raw material gradually increase under the action of the left blade and the right blade until the limit shape State, forming a two-way pulling tooth;
  • the hydraulic press drives the upper die holder to rise, and the left blade and the right blade return to the original position under the action of the spring, and one cycle of the product pulling tooth ends;
  • the finished product is removed, and the above steps 1 to 7 are continued.
  • the steel two-way synchronous pulling device adopts the left and right blades that move in opposite directions to realize the simultaneous processing of the two directions of the cutter teeth, and the pulling of the product is completed at one time, and the speed is faster and the efficiency is higher.
  • the steel back two-way synchronous drawing device the height of the product teeth is easy to control, the height difference of the teeth in the two directions is smaller, the appearance is more beautiful, the teeth arrangement is more uniform and more tidy; The strength is higher, more stable, not easy to fall off, and the shear strength of the finished brake pad after processing is higher.
  • the steel back two-way synchronous drawing device has simple mold structure, high stability of the mold and more convenient maintenance.
  • the invention adopts the two-way synchronous tooth pulling method, the product teeth have the advantages of high density, high strength, uniform and tidy arrangement, high shear strength of the brake pad product, and high production efficiency, stable whole production process, and firm roots. , not easy to fall off, suitable for mass production.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the initial state of the steel back bidirectional synchronous drawing device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the working state of the steel back bidirectional synchronous drawing device of the present invention.
  • the steel back bidirectional synchronous drawing device comprises an upper die holder 7 connected to the hydraulic press; the upper die plate 5 is fixed in parallel to the lower part of the upper die holder 7; the lower die holder 1 is connected with the hydraulic press; and the lower die plate 3 is mounted parallel to the lower die holder
  • An upper portion further comprising a molding upper mold and a workpiece positioning lower mold, the molding upper mold being mounted on the upper mold, the molding upper mold comprising a blade sliding plate 13, a left blade 11, a right blade 18, a left inner slider 10, and a right
  • the inner slider 15, the left outer slider 9 and the right outer slider 16, the left inner slider 10 and the right inner slider 15 are symmetrically horizontally slidably mounted on the lower portion of the blade sliding plate 13, between the blade sliding plate 13 and the upper die holder 7.
  • a blade pad 14 is mounted.
  • the left blade and the right blade are respectively horizontally fixed on the lower surface of the left inner slider 10 and the right inner slider 15, and the surfaces of the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 are respectively provided with regularly distributed teeth with a density of 6/square. Millimeter.
  • the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 are slidably inserted and inserted, and the positions of the pulling teeth are staggered.
  • a spring 12 is horizontally mounted between the left inner slider 10 and the right inner slider 15.
  • the left outer slider 9 and the right outer slider 16 are respectively mounted on the outer side of the left inner slider 10 and the right inner slider 15, and the outer left slider 9 and the right outer slider 16 are respectively connected with the upper template 5
  • a block 6 is mounted between the top of the block 6 and the upper die holder 7 with a backing plate 8.
  • the left outer slider 9, the right outer slider 16 and the left inner slider 10, and the right inner slider 15 are both wedge-shaped blocks, and the contact faces thereof are inclined inward at the lower end.
  • An adjustment block 4 is provided at the bottom of the left outer slider.
  • the workpiece positioning lower die is mounted on the lower die plate 3, and the workpiece positioning lower die includes a female die 21, a product floating block 22 and a floating spring 24, and a workpiece positioning cavity is formed between the female die 21 and the product floating block 22.
  • a push rod 23 is provided at the lower portion of the lower template 3.
  • the lower surface of the lower die plate 3 is fixed to the lower pallet 20, and the pusher 23 is fixed to the bottom of the lower pallet 20.
  • a gas spring of a hydraulic press is disposed at a lower portion of the push rod 23.
  • the lower die base 1 is fixed with a left support block 2 corresponding to the left outer slider 9, and a right outer slider 16, 2.
  • the right support block 19, the left support block 2, and the right support block 19 are longitudinally mounted on the lower die plate 3.
  • a limit post 17 is vertically fixed to one side of the lower die holder 1.
  • the method for using the steel back two-way synchronous drawing device comprises the following steps:
  • the raw material of the embossed product 25 is placed in a workpiece positioning cavity formed between the female mold 21 and the product floating block 22.
  • the upper die holder 7 is moved toward the lower die holder 1 under the driving of the hydraulic press.
  • the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 are adhered to the raw material, and the push rod 23 transmits the reaction force to the lower die plate 5 under the action of the nitrogen gas spring of the hydraulic press, thereby providing a vertical direction force for inserting the blade into the raw material;
  • the left support block 2 and the right support block 19 fixed on the die holder 1 respectively act on the left outer slider 9 and the right outer slider 16, and push the left outer slider 9 and the right outer slider 16 upward, thereby pushing The left inner slider 10 and the right inner slider 15 move inward, thereby pushing the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 to move horizontally inward to form teeth on the surface of the material.
  • the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 continue to penetrate into the surface of the material during the movement until the upper template 5 and the lower template 3 are completely closed, and the left and right blades enter the material depth to reach the set value.
  • the hydraulic press drives the upper die holder 7 to continue to move downward.
  • the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 stop moving in the vertical direction, and the left support block 2 and the right support block 19 continue to push the left outer slider 9 and the right outer slide.
  • the hydraulic press drives the upper die holder 7 to rise, and the left blade 11 and the right blade 18 return to the original position by the action of the spring 12, and one cycle of the product pulling teeth ends.

Abstract

一种钢背双向同步拉花装置及其使用方法。该钢背双向同步拉花装置包括上模座（7），上模板（5），下模座（1），下模板（3），其还包括一成型上模及一工件定位下模，成型上模安装在上模板上，成型上模包括刀片滑动板（13）、左刀片（11）、右刀片（18）、左内滑块（10）、右内滑块（15）、左外滑块（9）及右外滑块（16），工件定位下模安装在下模板（3）上，工件定位下模包括凹模（21）、产品浮块（22）及浮动弹簧（24），下模板（3）下部设置有推杆（23），下模座（1）上固装有对应左外滑块（9）、右外滑块（16）的左支撑块（2）、右支撑块（19），左支撑块（2）、右支撑块（19）纵向穿装在下模板（3）上。采用所述双向同步拉齿方法，产品齿具有高密度、强度高、排布均匀整齐，刹车片产品剪切强度高的优点，而且，生产效率高，整个生产过程更稳定，齿根牢固，不易脱落，适于大批量生产。

Description

钢背双向同步拉花装置及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车零部件技术领域，特别是一种汽车刹车片的钢背双向同步拉花装 置及其使用方法。 背景技术
中、 小型汽车刹车片一般包括钢背、 摩擦块， 其中摩擦块由增强材料、粘合剂及 填料等摩擦材料粘合而成； 钢背起承载、 支撑摩擦块的作用， 由钢板冲压制成。 刹车 时， 钢背受刹车钳推动， 其摩擦块与刹车盘或鼓接触磨擦， 通过磨擦达到车辆减速刹 车之目的。 由于汽车的刹车系统中， 刹车片是最关键的安全零件， 所有刹车效果的好 坏都是刹车片起决定性作用。因此，钢背与摩擦材料的胶合牢固度和钢背的强度是其 中的重要因素。
目前市场上的钢背主要分为三种- 起刺钢背， 此方法采用一种专用数控设备， 通过编制不同的程序， 在钢背表面进 行起刺， 此种钢背的拉齿的密度很低， 且拉齿的牢固程度不高， 易脱落， 同时钢背的 生产效率较低， 不宜进行大规模批量生产。
沉孔钢背， 此方法是在钢背的表面冲压一定数量的沉孔 （盲孔)， 钢背在摩擦材 料进行粘结时， 摩擦材料会进入沉孔 （盲孔）， 以此来增加刹车片的剪切强度。 但沉 孔 （盲孔） 在加工过程中会影响产品的外观和平面度。
网锁钢背，此方法是将钢网直接焊接在钢背上，这样可以一定程度上增加钢背与 摩擦材料的剪切强度。但相对于起刺钢背，其剪切强度较低，只能在一定范围内适用。
申请人研发了一种钢背自动拉花装置（中国发明专利申请 CN101979200A)， 其可 在钢背上形成双向拉齿， 具有加工快速、 稳定、 齿根牢固、 产品剪切强度高的优点。 但是， 上述钢背自动拉花装置对同一钢背原料上的双向拉齿的加工需要分两次进行， 即先加工一个方向的拉齿， 再加工另一个方向的拉齿， 因此其加工效率仍有待提高； 而且现有的两步拉齿加工方法也容易使拉齿产生高度差， 影响产品外观及使用性能。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种可实现双向拉齿一次成型， 加工效率高， 齿高均匀， 齿根牢固， 不易脱落， 适于大批量生产， 适用范围广的钢背双向同歩拉花装置及其使 用方法。
本发明解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案实现的：
一种钢背双向同步拉花装置， 包括上模座， 与油压机连接； 上模板， 平行安装在 上模座下部； 下模座， 与油压机连接； 下模板， 平行安装在下模座上部， 其特征在于： 还包括一成型上模及一工件定位下模，成型上模安装在上模板上，成型上模包括刀片 滑动板、 左刀片、 右刀片、 左内滑块、 右内滑块、 左外滑块及右外滑块， 左内滑块、 右内滑块对称水平滑动安装在刀片滑动板下部，左刀片、右刀片分别水平固装在左内 滑块、 右内滑块下表面， 左内滑块、 右内滑块之间水平安装有弹簧， 左外滑块、 右外 滑块分别安装在左内滑块、右内滑块外侧； 工件定位下模安装在下模板上， 工件定位 下模包括凹模、产品浮块及浮动弹簧， 凹模与产品浮块之间形成工件定位型腔； 下模 板下部设置有推杆，下模座上固装有对应左外滑块、右外滑块的左支撑块、右支撑块， 左支撑块、 右支撑块纵向穿装在下模板上。
在下模座的一侧边竖直固装有限位柱。
所述左外滑块、右外滑块与左内滑块、右内滑块均为楔形块， 其接触面呈下端向 内倾斜。
所述下模板的下表面固装下托板， 在该下托板底部固装所述推杆。
在左刀片、 右刀片的表面均设有规则分布的拉齿， 其密度为 6个 /平方毫米。 所述左刀片、 右刀片滑动插装在一起， 其拉齿的位置交错设置。
钢背双向同步拉花装置的使用方法， 包括如下步骤- 第一步， 所述原料放入所述凹模与产品浮块之间形成的工件定位型腔内； 第二步， 在所述油压机的带动下， 所述上模座向着下模座方向运动；
第三步， 左刀片、右刀片与原料产品贴合， 推杆在油压机氮气弹簧作用下将反作 用力传递至下模板， 为刀片拉齿插入原料提供竖直方向作用力； 同时， 下模座上所固 定的左支撑块、 右支撑块对左外滑块、 右外滑块作用， 推动对左外滑块、 右外滑块向 上运动， 由此推动左内滑块、 右内滑块向内运动， 从而推动左刀片、 右刀片向内水平 运动， 在原料表面形成齿；
第四步， 左刀片、 右刀片在运动过程中不断深入原料表层， 直到上模板、 下模板 完全闭合， 此时左刀片、 右刀片进入原料深度达到设定值；
第五步， 油压机驱动上模座继续向下移动， 此时左刀片、右刀片停止竖直方向作 用， 左支撑块、 右支撑块继续推动左外滑块、 右外滑块向上移动， 左刀片、 右刀片继 续沿水平方向移动， 原料表面的齿在左刀片、右刀片的作用下逐渐增高， 直到极限状 态， 形成双向拉齿；
第六步， 油压机驱动上模座上升， 左刀片、 右刀片在弹簧作用下回到原位， 产品 拉齿的一个周期结束；
第七步， 取出拉齿后成品， 继续上述步骤一至七。
本发明的优点和有益效果为：
1.本钢背双向同步拉花装置，采用同步相向移动的左、右刀片实现刀齿两方向的 同时加工， 一次完成产品的拉花， 速度更快， 效率更高。
2.本钢背双向同步拉花装置，产品齿的高度容易控制，两个方向的齿的高度差更 小， 外观更美观， 齿排布更均匀、 更整齐； 由于左右同时拉齿， 齿的强度更高， 更稳 定， 不易脱落， 加工后刹车片成品的剪切强度更高。
3.本钢背双向同步拉花装置， 两个方向的齿同时加工， 侧向力互相抵消， 拉齿对 产品侧向的作用力减小， 产品尺寸更稳定。
4.本钢背双向同步拉花装置， 模具结构简单， 模具的稳定性高， 且更便于维修。
5.本钢背双向同步拉花装置， 模具的下模部分固定， 产品放置于下模中， 便于产 品自动送料。
6.本发明采用双向同步拉齿方法， 产品齿具有高密度、 强度高、 排布均匀整齐， 刹车片产品剪切强度高的优点，而且，生产效率高，整个生产过程更稳定，齿根牢固， 不易脱落， 适于大批量生产。 附图说明
图 1为本发明钢背双向同步拉花装置初始状态示意图。
图 2为本发明钢背双向同步拉花装置工作状态示意图。 本发明钢背双向同步拉花装置及其使用方法附图中附图标记说明,
1-下模座 2-左支撑块 3-下模板 4-调整块
5 -上模板 6 -挡块 7 -上模座 8-垫板
9-左外滑块 10 -左内滑块 11-左刀片 12 -弹簧
13 -刀片滑动板 14 -刀片垫板 15-右内滑块 16 -右外滑块 17-限位柱 18 -右刀片 19-右支撑块 20-下托板
21-凹模 22 -产品浮块 23-推杆 24-浮动弹簧 25 -拉花产品 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明钢背自动拉花装置及其使用方法作进一步详细说明。 如图 1、 图 2中所示。 钢背双向同步拉花装置， 包括上模座 7， 与油压机连接； 上模板 5， 平行固装在上模座 7下部； 下模座 1， 与油压机连接； 下模板 3， 平行安 装在下模座 1上部，其还包括一成型上模及一工件定位下模，成型上模安装在上模板 上， 成型上模包括刀片滑动板 13、 左刀片 11、 右刀片 18、 左内滑块 10、 右内滑块 15、左外滑块 9及右外滑块 16， 左内滑块 10、右内滑块 15对称水平滑动安装在刀片 滑动板 13下部， 刀片滑动板 13与上模座 7之间安装有刀片垫板 14。 左刀片、 右刀 片分别水平固装在左内滑块 10、 右内滑块 15下表面， 在左刀片 11、 右刀片 18的表 面均设有规则分布的拉齿， 其密度为 6个 /平方毫米。 所述左刀片 11、 右刀片 18滑 动插装在一起， 其拉齿的位置交错设置。 左内滑块 10、 右内滑块 15之间水平安装有 弹簧 12。 左外滑块 9、 右外滑块 16分别安装在左内滑块 10、 右内滑块 15外侧， 在 左外滑块 9、右外滑块 16外侧与上模板 5之间均安装有挡块 6，在该挡块 6顶部与上 模座 7之间均安装有垫板 8。 左外滑块 9、 右外滑块 16与左内滑块 10、 右内滑块 15 均为楔形块， 其接触面呈下端向内倾斜。 在左外滑块底部设置有调整块 4。
工件定位下模安装在下模板 3上， 工件定位下模包括凹模 21、 产品浮块 22及浮 动弹簧 24， 凹模 21与产品浮块 22之间形成工件定位型腔。
下模板 3下部设置有推杆 23。 所述下模板 3的下表面固装下托板 20， 在该下托 板 20底部固装所述推杆 23。 该推杆 23下部设置有油压机的氮气弹簧。
下模座 1上固装有对应左外滑块 9、 右外滑块 16的左支撑块 2、 右支撑块 19， 左支撑块 2、 右支撑块 19纵向穿装在下模板 3上。 在下模座 1的一侧边竖直固装有 限位柱 17。
钢背双向同步拉花装置的使用方法， 包括如下步骤：
第一步， 所述拉花产品 25的原料放入所述凹模 21与产品浮块 22之间形成的工 件定位型腔内。
第二步， 在所述油压机的带动下， 所述上模座 7向着下模座 1方向运动。
第三步， 左刀片 11、 右刀片 18与原料贴合， 推杆 23在油压机氮气弹簧作用下 将反作用力传递至下模板 5， 为刀片拉齿插入原料提供竖直方向作用力； 同时， 下模 座 1上所固定的左支撑块 2、 右支撑块 19分别对左外滑块 9、 右外滑块 16作用， 推 动对左外滑块 9、 右外滑块 16向上运动， 由此推动左内滑块 10、右内滑块 15向内运 动， 从而推动左刀片 11、 右刀片 18向内水平运动， 在原料表面形成齿。 第四步， 左刀片 11、右刀片 18在运动过程中不断深入原料表层， 直到上模板 5、 下模板 3完全闭合， 此时左、 右刀片进入原料深度达到设定值。
第五步， 油压机驱动上模座 7继续向下移动， 此时左刀片 11、 右刀片 18停止竖 直方向作用， 左支撑块 2、 右支撑块 19继续推动左外滑块 9、 右外滑块 16继续向上 移动， 左刀片 11、 右刀片 18继续沿水平方向移动， 原料表面的齿在左、 右刀片的作 用下逐渐增高， 直到限位柱 17与上模座 7接触 （图 2中， H=0), 上模座停止下行， 齿高达到极限状态， 形成双向拉齿。
第六步， 油压机驱动上模座 7上升， 左刀片 11、 右刀片 18在弹簧 12的作用下 回到原位， 产品拉齿的一个周期结束。
第七步， 取出拉花产品， 继续上述步骤一至七。

Claims

1.一种钢背双向同步拉花装置， 包括上模座， 与油压机连接； 上模板， 平行安装 在上模座下部； 下模座， 与油压机连接； 下模板， 平行安装在下模座上部， 其特征在 于： 还包括一成型上模及一工件定位下模， 成型上模安装在上模板上， 成型上模包括 刀片滑动板、 左刀片、 右刀片、 左内滑块、 右内滑块、 左外滑块及右外滑块， 左内滑 块、右内滑块对称水平滑动安装在刀片滑动板下部， 左刀片、右刀片分别水平固装在 左内滑块、 右内滑块下表面， 左内滑块、 右内滑块之间水平安装有弹簧， 左外滑块、 右外滑块分别安装在左内滑块、右内滑块外侧； 工件定位下模安装在下模板上， 工件 定位下模包括凹模、 产品浮块及浮动弹簧， 凹模与产品浮块之间形成工件定位型腔； 下模板下部设置有推杆， 下模座上固装有对应左外滑块、右外滑块的左支撑块、右支 撑块， 左支撑块、 右支撑块纵向穿装在下模板上。
2.根据权利 1所述的钢背双向同步拉花装置，其特征在于：在下模座的一侧边竖 直固装有限位柱。
3.根据权利 1所述的钢背双向同步拉花装置， 其特征在于： 所述左外滑块、右外 滑块与左内滑块、 右内滑块均为楔形块， 其接触面呈下端向内倾斜。
4.根据权利 1所述的钢背双向同步拉花装置，其特征在于：所述下模板的下表面 固装下托板， 在该下托板底部固装所述推杆。
5.根据权利 1所述的钢背双向同步拉花装置， 其特征在于： 在左刀片、右刀片的 表面均设有规则分布的拉齿， 其密度为 6个 /平方毫米。
6.根据权利 1所述的钢背双向同步拉花装置， 其特征在于： 所述左刀片、右刀片 滑动插装在一起， 其拉齿的位置交错设置。
7.根据权利 1所述的钢背双向同步拉花装置的使用方法，其特征在于：所述钢背 双向同步拉花装置的使用方法， 包括如下步骤：
第一步， 所述原料放入所述凹模与产品浮块之间形成的工件定位型腔内； 第二步， 在所述油压机的带动下， 所述上模座向着下模座方向运动；
第三步， 左刀片、右刀片与原料产品贴合， 推杆在油压机氮气弹簧作用下将反作 用力传递至下模板， 为刀片拉齿插入原料提供竖直方向作用力； 同时， 下模座上所固 定的左支撑块、 右支撑块对左外滑块、 右外滑块作用， 推动对左外滑块、 右外滑块向 上运动， 由此推动左内滑块、 右内滑块向内运动， 从而推动左刀片、 右刀片向内水平 运动， 在原料表面形成齿； 第四步， 左刀片、 右刀片在运动过程中不断深入原料表层， 直到上模板、 下模板 完全闭合， 此时左刀片、 右刀片进入原料深度达到设定值；
第五步， 油压机驱动上模座继续向下移动， 此时左刀片、右刀片停止竖直方向作 用， 左支撑块、 右支撑块继续推动左外滑块、 右外滑块向上移动， 左刀片、 右刀片继 续沿水平方向移动， 原料表面的齿在左刀片、右刀片的作用下逐渐增高， 直到极限状 态， 形成双向拉齿；
第六步， 油压机驱动上模座上升， 左刀片、 右刀片在弹簧作用下回到原位， 产品 拉齿的一个周期结束；
第七步， 取出拉齿后成品， 继续上述步骤一至七。
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