WO2013071798A1 - 拖车刹车装置 - Google Patents

拖车刹车装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013071798A1
WO2013071798A1 PCT/CN2012/082233 CN2012082233W WO2013071798A1 WO 2013071798 A1 WO2013071798 A1 WO 2013071798A1 CN 2012082233 W CN2012082233 W CN 2012082233W WO 2013071798 A1 WO2013071798 A1 WO 2013071798A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
handle
sleeve
trailer
plate
fixed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/082233
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖亨琳
蒋伟洪
刘韬
Original Assignee
无锡开普动力有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 无锡开普动力有限公司 filed Critical 无锡开普动力有限公司
Publication of WO2013071798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013071798A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/20—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger specially for trailers, e.g. in case of uncoupling of or overrunning by trailer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/02—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with mechanical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/06—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with mechanical assistance or drive by inertia, e.g. flywheel
    • B60T13/08—Overrun brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/20—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger specially for trailers, e.g. in case of uncoupling of or overrunning by trailer
    • B60T7/203—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger specially for trailers, e.g. in case of uncoupling of or overrunning by trailer with automatic brake release or reduction in case of reverse travel, e.g. by means of mechanisms mounted on the draw bar

Definitions

  • This invention relates to trailer components, and more particularly to a trailer brake.
  • a trailer is an unpowered road vehicle that is to be pulled by a tractor for industrial design and technical characteristics, and is generally used for industrial cargo transportation.
  • the trailer is usually directly connected to the tractor for easy loading and unloading. However, when the tractor brakes quickly, the trailer will continue to move forward under the action of inertia, resulting in a large impact force on the joint and easy to damage.
  • the present invention is directed to the above-described deficiencies of the prior art and provides a trailer brake device that reduces the impact of the trailer on the tractor when the tractor brakes.
  • a trailer brake device includes a damper assembly, a hand brake, and a liaison assembly connecting the two parts;
  • the damper assembly includes a sleeve and an oil damping buffer cylinder slidably fitted in the sleeve, The sleeve is fixed in the traction head, the oil damping buffer cylinder is fixed in the buffer frame;
  • the communication component comprises a connecting rod hinged in the buffer frame by a bolt, and one end of the connecting rod abuts against the The other end of the sleeve is connected to the slider through a strip plate, and the slider is connected to the brake of the trailer by a cable;
  • the handbrake includes a handle shell mounted on the bolt, and the handle shell is A large toothed plate fixed to the bolt is mounted, and a gas strut is disposed between the large tooth plate and one end of the handle case.
  • the bolts are provided with an oil jacket between the buffer racks.
  • a rear guide and a front guide are mounted in the buffer frame, and the sleeve is slidably fitted in the rear guide and the front guide.
  • the gusset abuts against the end of the sleeve, and the end of the sleeve is provided with a cushioning washer.
  • a dust cover sleeved outside the sleeve is disposed between the traction head and the buffer frame.
  • a small tooth plate engaged with the large tooth plate is mounted in the handle shell, and one end of the handle shell is fixed with a gear tube matched with the connecting plate, and the other end of the handle shell is fixed with a handle.
  • a handle is mounted in the handle, a handle is mounted on the outer end of the handle, a compression spring is mounted between the handle and the handle, and the inner end of the handle is abutted On the small tooth plate.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention is provided with a damping component between the tractor and the trailer, and the elasticity is generated by the oil damping to buffer the trailer, and the brake signal is transmitted to the handbrake through the contact component, the handbrake Pulling the cable to brake the trailer, and maintaining the brake state by the gas strut, avoiding the impact damage of the trailer on the tractor; in addition, the handbrake can be used for manual braking.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a damper assembly in the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a contact unit in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a handbrake in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of Figure 5.
  • the present invention is a trailer brake device including a damper assembly 2, a hand brake 4, and a liaison assembly 3 connecting the two parts.
  • the damper assembly includes a sleeve 27 and a compressible release oil damper cartridge 23 that fits within the sleeve 27.
  • the front end of the sleeve 27 is welded with a horn 28, which is fixed in the traction head 1 by a pin, and the traction head 1 is connected to the tractor;
  • the oil damping buffer cylinder 23 is fixed in the buffer frame 6, and the rear end of the oil damping buffer cylinder 23 is Connected to the pad tube 22, the upper end of the pad tube 22 is vertically connected with a pad 21, and the pad plate 21 is fixed by the pin in the buffer frame 6, and the buffer frame 6 is connected to the trailer.
  • a dust cover 7 that is placed outside the sleeve 27 is disposed between the tractor head 1 and the buffer frame 6.
  • a rear guide 25 for guiding the sleeve 27 and a front guide 26 are mounted in the buffer frame 6, and the sleeve 27 is slidably fitted in the rear guide 25 and the front guide 26.
  • the liaison assembly 3 includes a link 31 hinged in the damper frame 6 by bolts 35, and the bolts 35 are provided with an oil jacket 36 between the dampers 6.
  • the oil sleeve 36 is placed on the bolt 35, and the wrench 31 is rotated by the oil sleeve 36.
  • One end of the puller 31 abuts against the rear end of the sleeve 27, and the end of the sleeve 27 is provided with a cushioning washer 24 for cushioning.
  • the other end of the link 31 is connected to the slider 34 via a strip plate 33, and a heart plate 32 is disposed between the strip plate 33 and the link 31, and the heart plate 32 can serve as a buffer.
  • the slider 34 is connected to the brake of the trailer through the cable 5, and when the contact assembly 3 is rotated, the slider 34 pulls the cable 5 to brake the trailer.
  • the handbrake 4 includes a handle case 49 mounted on a bolt 35, and a large toothed plate 48 fixed to the bolt 35 is mounted in the handle case 49, and one end of the large tooth plate 48 and the handle case 49 is attached.
  • a gas strut 46 is disposed therebetween, and both ends of the gas strut 46 are hinged by a pin.
  • a small toothed plate 47 meshing with the large toothed plate 48 is mounted in the handle housing 49, and the small toothed plate 47 and the large toothed plate 48 are engaged by the teeth.
  • One end of the handle shell 49 is fixed with a baffle 43 matched with the connecting rod 31, and the other end of the handle shell 49 is fixed with a handle 42.
  • the handle 42 is mounted with a handle bar 45, and the outer end of the handle bar 45 is mounted with a handle 41.
  • a compression spring 44 is mounted between the handle 41 and the handle bar 45, and the inner end of the handle 45 abuts against the small tooth plate 47.
  • the working process of the invention is as follows: When the tractor decelerates or brakes, the rear trailer still moves forward due to inertia, at which time the trailer exerts pressure on the damping assembly 2 in the brake device, compressing the oil damping buffer cylinder 23, due to the damping assembly
  • the two ends of the two are respectively fixed on the traction head 1 and the buffer frame 6, so that the damping assembly 2 slides in the buffer frame 6, and during the compression process of the oil damping buffer cylinder 23, the elasticity is gradually generated, so that the compression speed thereof becomes increasingly The slower, at the same time, because the contact assembly 3 is fixed on the buffer frame 6, the connecting plate 31 on the contact assembly 3 abuts against the rear end of the sleeve 27 in the damping assembly 2, so that when the damping assembly 2 is compressed, the damping assembly 2 The sleeve 27 is stationary, and the forward movement of the buffer frame 6 by the advancement of the trailer causes the contact assembly 3 to start to rotate around the bolt 35.
  • the rotation of the contact assembly 3 drives the rotation of the handbrake 4, and the slider 34 pulls the cable.
  • the large toothed plate 48 meshes with the small toothed plate 47 when the handbrake 4 rotates, and the large toothed plate 48 compresses the gas staying rod 46.
  • the gas staying rod 46 is compressed and aligned with the large toothed plate 48.
  • a dead point is generated, and the handbrake 3 is no longer rotated, so that the trailer is kept in a braking state.
  • an external force is generated to the brake device.
  • Handbrake 4 can also be used for manual braking.
  • the handbrake 4 When the brake is manually applied, the handbrake 4 is pulled up, the handbrake 4 is rotated about the bolt 35, and the gear tube 43 on the handbrake 4 is rotated against the contact assembly 3, so that the brake can be completed; when the brake state needs to be released, just press
  • the handle 41 By pressing the handle 41, the handle 41 moves the small toothed plate 47 by pressing the handle 45, so that the large toothed plate 48 is also rotated by the meshing, so that the air stay 46 is opened, and the brake state can be released.
  • the invention provides a damping component between the tractor and the trailer.
  • the oil is damped to generate elasticity, buffering the trailer, allowing the trailer to slow down or stop slowly, and transmitting the brake signal to the handbrake through the communication component.
  • the rotation of the contact assembly drives the rotation of the handbrake, and when the gas strut is opened to the maximum, a dead point is generated to fix it, and the pull brake is pulled to brake the trailer, so the trailer is not It can cause damage to the tractor; in addition, the handbrake can be used for manual braking.
  • the invention has clear structure, simple working principle and convenient use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种拖车刹车装置，包括阻尼组件（2）、手刹（4）及联络组件（3）；阻尼组件包括套筒（27）及油阻尼缓冲筒（23），套筒固定在牵引头（1）内，油阻尼缓冲筒固定在缓冲架（6）内；联络组件包括通过螺栓（35）铰接在缓冲架内的连扳（31），连扳的一端抵靠在套筒上，其另一端通过条形板（33）与接拉头（34）相连，接拉头通过拉线（5）与拖车的刹车相连；手刹包括安装在螺栓上的手柄壳（49），手柄壳内安装有固定在螺栓上的大齿板（48），大齿板与手柄壳的一端之间设置有气撑杆（46）。油阻尼的弹性对拖车起缓冲作用，联络组件将刹车信号传递给手刹，手刹拉动拉线使拖车刹住，并由气撑杆保持刹车状态，避免拖车对牵引车的冲击破坏。

Description

说 明 书 拖车刹车装置
技术领域
本发明涉及拖车部件， 具体地说是一种拖车刹车装置。
背景技术
拖车是就工业设计和技术特性需要由牵引车牵引着， 才能正常使用的一种 无动力的道路车辆， 一般用于工业货物运输等。拖车一般直接连接在牵引车上， 方便装卸， 但是当牵引车快速刹车的情况下， 拖车在惯性作用下还要继续向前 运行， 导致连接部位受到很大的冲击力， 很容易损坏。
发明内容
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足， 提供一种在牵引车刹车时可降低拖车对 牵引车冲击的拖车刹车装置。
按照本发明提供的技术方案： 一种拖车刹车装置， 包括阻尼组件、 手刹及 连接上述两部分的联络组件； 所述阻尼组件包括套筒及滑动配合在所述套筒内 的油阻尼缓冲筒， 所述套筒固定在牵引头内， 所述油阻尼缓冲筒固定在缓冲架 内； 所述联络组件包括通过螺栓铰接在所述缓冲架内的连扳， 所述连扳的一端 抵靠在所述套筒上， 其另一端通过条形板与接拉头相连， 所述接拉头通过拉线 与拖车的刹车相连； 所述手刹包括安装在所述螺栓上的手柄壳， 所述手柄壳内 安装有固定在所述螺栓上的大齿板， 所述大齿板与所述手柄壳的一端之间设置 有气撑杆。
所述螺栓在所述缓冲架之间装有油套。
所述缓冲架内安装有后导向及前导向， 所述套筒滑动配合在所述后导向及 所述前导向内。
所述连扳抵靠在所述套筒的端部， 所述套筒的端部设置有缓冲垫圈。 所述牵引头与所述缓冲架之间设置有套在所述套筒外的防尘罩。
所述手柄壳内安装有与所述大齿板相啮合的小齿板， 所述手柄壳的一端固 定有与所述连扳相配合的档管， 所述手柄壳的另一端固定有手柄， 所述手柄内 安装有按柄杆， 所述按柄杆的外端安装有按柄， 所述按柄与所述按柄杆之间安 装有压簧， 所述按柄杆的内端抵靠在所述小齿板上。
本发明与已有技术相比具有以下优点： 本发明在牵引车与拖车之间设置有 阻尼组件， 通过油阻尼产生弹性对拖车起到缓冲作用， 同时通过联络组件将刹 车信号传递给手刹， 手刹拉动拉线将拖车刹住， 并且由气撑杆保持刹车状态， 避免了拖车对牵引车的冲击破坏作用； 另外， 手刹可以用于手动刹车。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明中的阻尼组件的结构示意。
图 3是本发明中的联络组件的结构示意图。
图 4是图 3的俯视图。
图 5是本发明中的手刹的结构示意图。
图 6是图 5的俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图中的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
图 1〜图 6中， 包括牵引头 1、 阻尼组件 2、 垫板 21、 垫管 22、 油阻尼缓 冲筒 23、 缓冲垫圈 24、 后导向 25、 前导向 26、 套筒 27、 垫铁 28、 联络组件 3、 连扳 31、 心形板 32、 条形板 33、 接拉头 34、 螺栓 35、 油套 36、 手刹 4、 按柄 41、 手柄 42、 档管 43、 压簧 44、 按柄杆 45、 气撑杆 46、 小齿板 47、 大齿板 48、 手柄壳 49、 拉线 5、 缓冲架 6、 防尘罩 7等。 如图 1所示， 本发明是一种拖车刹车装置， 包括阻尼组件 2、 手刹 4及连 接上述两部分的联络组件 3。
如图 2所示， 阻尼组件包括套筒 27及配合在套筒 27内的可压缩释放的油 阻尼缓冲筒 23。 套筒 27的前端焊接有垫铁 28， 通过销钉固定在牵引头 1内， 牵引头 1连接在牵引车上； 油阻尼缓冲筒 23固定在缓冲架 6内， 油阻尼缓冲筒 23的后端悍接在垫管 22上， 垫管 22上端垂直悍接有垫板 21， 垫板 21由销钉 固定于缓冲架 6内， 缓冲架 6连接在拖车上。 牵引头 1与缓冲架 6之间设置有 套在套筒 27外的防尘罩 7。 缓冲架 6内安装有给套筒 27起导向作用的后导向 25及前导向 26， 套筒 27滑动配合在后导向 25及前导向 26内。
如图 3、 图 4所示， 联络组件 3包括通过螺栓 35铰接在缓冲架 6内的连扳 31， 螺栓 35在缓冲架 6之间设置有油套 36。 油套 36套在螺栓 35上， 连扳 31 通过油套 36转动。 连扳 31的一端抵靠在套筒 27的后端， 套筒 27的端部还设 置有起缓冲作用的缓冲垫圈 24。 连扳 31 的另一端通过条形板 33与接拉头 34 相连， 条形板 33与连扳 31之间设置有心形板 32， 心形板 32可以起到缓冲作 用。 接拉头 34通过拉线 5与拖车的刹车相连， 当联络组件 3转动时， 接拉头 34拉动拉线 5对拖车进行刹车。
如图 5、 图 6所示， 手刹 4包括安装在螺栓 35上的手柄壳 49， 手柄壳 49 内安装有固定在螺栓 35上的大齿板 48， 大齿板 48与手柄壳 49的一端之间设 置有气撑杆 46， 气撑杆 46的两端通过销轴铰接。 手柄壳 49内安装有与大齿板 48相啮合的小齿板 47， 小齿板 47与大齿板 48通过齿牙啮合。 手柄壳 49的一 端固定有与连扳 31相配合的档管 43， 手柄壳 49的另一端固定有手柄 42， 手柄 42内安装有按柄杆 45， 按柄杆 45的外端安装有按柄 41， 按柄 41与按柄杆 45 之间安装有压簧 44， 按柄杆 45的内端抵靠在小齿板 47上。 本发明的工作过程如下： 当牵引车减速或刹车时， 后面的拖车由于惯性仍 然向前运动， 此时拖车对刹车装置内的阻尼组件 2产生压力， 将油阻尼缓冲筒 23压缩， 由于阻尼组件 2的两端分别固定在牵引头 1和缓冲架 6上， 所以阻尼 组件 2在缓冲架 6内滑动，在油阻尼缓冲筒 23被压缩过程中，会慢慢产生弹性， 使其压缩速度越来越慢， 同时， 因为联络组件 3固定在缓冲架 6上， 联络组件 3上的连扳 31抵靠在阻尼组件 2中的套筒 27后端， 所以在阻尼组件 2被压缩 时， 阻尼组件 2中的套筒 27静止不动， 而由于拖车的前进带动缓冲架 6向前运 动，使得联络组件 3开始绕螺栓 35转动，联络组件 3的转动带动手刹 4的转动， 同时接拉头 34拉动拉线 5开始刹车，手刹 4转动时大齿板 48与小齿板 47啮合 转动， 大齿板 48将气撑杆 46压缩， 当刹车完成时， 气撑杆 46被压缩与大齿板 48成一条直线， 产生死点， 让手刹 3不再转动， 使得拖车保持在刹车状态。 当 牵引重新启动时， 对刹车装置产生了外力， 手刹 4在锁死状态下， 只要受到外 力作用， 气撑杆 46的死点就会被破坏， 同时套筒 27对联络组件 3的压力消失， 让手刹 4回归到原来的状态， 解除了刹车状态。
手刹 4也可以用于手动刹车。 当手动刹车时， 拉起手刹 4， 手刹 4绕螺栓 35转动， 手刹 4上的档管 43抵住联络组件 3带动其转动， 这样即可完成刹车; 当需要解除刹车状态时， 只需按动按柄 41， 按柄 41通过按柄杆 45带动小齿板 47转动， 从而通过啮合带动大齿板 48也跟着转动， 使气撑杆 46打开， 即可解 除刹车状态。
本发明在牵引车与拖车之间设置阻尼组件， 当牵引减速或刹车时， 通过油 阻尼产生弹性， 对拖车起到缓冲作用， 让拖车缓慢减速或停车， 同时通过联络 组件将刹车信号传递给手刹， 通过联络组件的转动带动手刹的转动， 将气撑杆 打开至最大时产生死点使其固定， 同时拉动拉线刹车将拖车刹住， 因此拖车不 会对牵引车产生破坏作用； 另外， 手刹可以用于手动刹车。 本发明结构清晰， 工作原理简单， 使用方便。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种拖车刹车装置， 其特征是： 包括阻尼组件 (2)、 手刹 (4)及连接上述 两部分的联络组件 (3)；所述阻尼组件包括套筒 (27)及滑动配合在所述套筒 (27) 内的油阻尼缓冲筒 (23)， 所述套筒 (27)固定在牵引头（1)内， 所述油阻尼缓冲筒 (23)固定在缓冲架 (6)内； 所述联络组件 (3)包括通过螺栓 (35)铰接在所述缓冲 架 (6)内的连扳 (31)， 所述连扳 (31)的一端抵靠在所述套筒 (27)上， 其另一端通 过条形板 (33)与接拉头 (34)相连，所述接拉头 (34)通过拉线 (5)与拖车的刹车相 连； 所述手刹 (4)包括安装在所述螺栓（35)上的手柄壳 (49)， 所述手柄壳 (49) 内安装有固定在所述螺栓 (35)上的大齿板 (48)， 所述大齿板 (48)与所述手柄壳 (49)的一端之间设置有气撑杆 (46)。
2. 按照权利要求 1所述的拖车刹车装置， 其特征是： 所述螺栓 (35)在所述 缓冲架（6)之间安装有油套（36)。
3. 按照权利要求 1所述的拖车刹车装置， 其特征是： 所述缓冲架 (6)内安 装有后导向（25)及前导向（26)， 所述套筒 (27)滑动配合在所述后导向（25)及所 述前导向（26)内。
4. 按照权利要求 1所述的拖车刹车装置， 其特征是： 所述连扳 (31)抵靠在 所述套筒 (27)的端部， 所述套筒 (27)的端部设置有缓冲垫圈（24)。
5. 按照权利要求 1所述的拖车刹车装置， 其特征是： 所述牵引头（1)与所 述缓冲架（6)之间设置有套在所述套筒 (27)外的防尘罩（7)。
6. 按照权利要求 1所述的拖车刹车装置， 其特征是： 所述手柄壳 (49)内安 装有与所述大齿板 (48)相啮合的小齿板 (47)， 所述手柄壳 (49)的一端固定有与 所述连扳 (31)相配合的档管 (43)， 所述手柄壳 (49)的另一端固定有手柄 (42)， 所述手柄 (42)内安装有按柄杆 (45)， 所述按柄杆 (45)的外端安装有按柄 (41)， 所述按柄 (41)与所述按柄杆 (45)之间安装有压簧 (44)， 所述按柄杆 (45)的内端 抵靠在所述小齿板 (47)上
PCT/CN2012/082233 2011-11-18 2012-09-28 拖车刹车装置 WO2013071798A1 (zh)

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