WO2013040867A1 - 一种数控设备 - Google Patents

一种数控设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013040867A1
WO2013040867A1 PCT/CN2012/070365 CN2012070365W WO2013040867A1 WO 2013040867 A1 WO2013040867 A1 WO 2013040867A1 CN 2012070365 W CN2012070365 W CN 2012070365W WO 2013040867 A1 WO2013040867 A1 WO 2013040867A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rail
guide
guide rod
numerical control
slide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/070365
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨东佐
Original Assignee
Yang Dongzuo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yang Dongzuo filed Critical Yang Dongzuo
Publication of WO2013040867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013040867A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/0009Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/012Portals
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015Frames, beds, pillars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/02Driving main working members
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/28Electric drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/36Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission in which a servomotor forms an essential element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw

Definitions

  • a numerical control device A numerical control device
  • the invention relates to a numerical control device, in particular to a main processing head numerical control machine tool, a numerical control painting equipment, a numerical control welding device, a numerical control laser cutting device, a numerical control laser welding device, a numerical control plasma cutting device, a numerical control screwing device, a numerical control gas cutting device. Wait.
  • a numerical control gantry vertical composite machine tool which comprises a base, a worktable and a column.
  • the column is connected by a column guide rail or a composite beam is fixedly connected by a fastener, and the composite beam passes through the beam.
  • the guide rail is movably connected or has two or more sliding saddles fixedly connected by fasteners, and the sliding saddle is movably connected with the spindle device through the ram rail; the base, the column, the composite beam, the spindle device is provided with a screw drive device, and the screw drive The devices are connected to an electrical control unit.
  • the numerical control device of the structure one way is that the driving mechanism for driving the gantry back and forth needs to include two X-direction screw or X-direction synchronous belt and the like, and two power sources, and two synchronously moving motors drive the gantry. It is difficult for two synchronously moving motors to achieve full synchronous motion, or one of the motors may become slower or faster, resulting in an unbalanced X-direction slide motion, causing the X-direction slide to shift in the X-direction, resulting in an X-direction. The stability of the slide is not stable, the positioning is not accurate, and the movement is not smooth.
  • One way is that the X-direction screw or the X-direction timing belt is located on one side of the gantry, and the driving force is completely biased to one side, causing the gantry movement imbalance to generate a torsion force to cause the gantry to shift in the Y direction, resulting in the Y-direction sliding seat movement.
  • the stability is not good, the positioning is not accurate, the movement is not smooth, the movement can't be too fast, and it can't adapt to the large machine with large spacing of X forward rail and X rearward rail.
  • the movement of the above-mentioned prior art spindle requires the movement of the base or the movement of the gantry.
  • the weight of the base and the weight of the workpiece or the weight of the gantry that requires movement is much heavier than the weight of the spindle device and its bearing device, thus greatly wasteful processing.
  • the energy of the workpiece increases the inertia of the moving parts of the equipment, reduces the feeding precision of the equipment and the machining accuracy of the workpiece, reduces the moving speed and processing efficiency in the Y direction, and increases the wear between the moving parts of the equipment and the guide rail. Since the base rail or the gantry rail is mounted below the workpiece mounting device, iron scraps and the like processed from the workpiece easily enter the rail.
  • a numerical control machining center which comprises a workbench for loading a workpiece, a horizontal column is arranged on the worktable, a cross slide is mounted on the horizontal column, and the upper end of the cross slide is connected.
  • a Y-axis screw There is a Y-axis screw, the lower end of the cross slide is connected with an X-axis screw, and the upper part of the Y-axis screw is provided with a longitudinal column that can extend the vertical ram up and down, and the vertical column is connected with a Z-axis screw, a vertical ram
  • the lower end is connected to the spindle with the tool.
  • the moving column type numerical control machining center of the invention since only one side of the longitudinal column of the mounting spindle is supported, the stability of the spindle movement is not good, the positioning is not accurate, the movement is not smooth, and the movement cannot be too fast.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a numerical control device in which the X direction requires only one drive and the workpiece can be hoisted to the workpiece clamping device.
  • a numerical control device includes a main body frame and a clamping workpiece device, wherein the main body frame comprises a base, a first main support portion and a second main support portion disposed on opposite sides of the base and mounted with the base; wherein: the first The main support portion and the second main support portion include a first side separated from the upper middle portion; further comprising an X-direction slide seat, and an X forward guide support is provided on the first main support portion and near the top of the first main support portion a X-forward rail supporting portion is disposed between the X forward rail supporting portion and the X-direction sliding seat, and an X-rear rail supporting portion is disposed on the second main supporting portion and near the top of the second main supporting portion.
  • an X-rearing guide rail is disposed between the X-rear rail support portion and the X-direction slide seat; and further includes a first driving device for driving the X-slide back and forth, and the first main support portion or the second main support First drive installation
  • the first driving device mounting portion is disposed between the X forward rail and the X rear rear rail; the first driving device includes an X that drives the X sliding carriage to move back and forth, parallel to the X forward rail and the X rear rail.
  • the two ends are mounted on the first driving device mounting portion or the working table is protruded from the two ends of the linear motor stator And fixed to the first driving device mounting portion;
  • the projection of the X-direction screw or the X-direction linear motor on the horizontal plane is located between the X-direction rear rail and the table or between the X forward rail and the table;
  • the X-direction slide is placed When moving away from the end position of the first side, the projection of the X-direction slide on the table does not exceed half of the table; it also includes a Y-slide, which is provided with a mutual fit between the X-slide and the Y-slide.
  • the Y-direction linear motor is located between the Y-direction first guide rail and the Y-direction second guide rail; and a spindle device mounted on the Y-direction slide seat is provided.
  • the spindle device includes a z-guide rod that can move up and down, and drives the Z-guide rod to move up and down.
  • the third drive unit is set to the main machining head below the z-guide.
  • the left and right sides of the first main support portion and the second main support portion are connected only by the base. It is convenient to hoist the workpiece into the numerical control device to clamp the workpiece to the workbench.
  • one of the left side and the right side of the first main support portion and the second main support portion is connected only by the base, and the other side is connected with the first connecting portion.
  • the second main support portion is provided with a square closed-loop structure whose opening faces the horizontal direction; and the second main support portion is further provided with a side processing head and a side processing head for interlocking the side processing heads with three or more axes. Movement mechanism;
  • the workbench includes a fixed table or a rotary table that is placed on the base.
  • the second main support portion is provided with a side machining head, and the main machining head and the side machining head are placed at different angles, so that different tools can be selected to process different shapes of the workpiece without re-clamping the workpiece.
  • the side processing head moving mechanism that causes the side processing head to be linked by three or more axes includes:
  • the side processing head moving mechanism comprises: a first sliding seat, between the second main supporting portion and the first sliding seat, adjacent to the first sliding seat, and a first rail matched with each other; driving the first sliding seat to move back and forth a first sliding device driving device;
  • the first driving device comprises a first screw or a set of first linear motors, the first wire, driving the first sliding seat to move back and forth, and being installed between the first rails and parallel to the first guiding rail
  • a rod is mounted on the first driving device mounting portion of the main body frame through the two ends of the first sliding seat or the first linear motor stator is fixed on the first driving device mounting portion of the main body frame; further comprising a second sliding seat, a second rail that cooperates with each other between a sliding seat and the second sliding seat, adjacent to the second sliding seat, and a second sliding seat driving device that drives the second sliding seat to move back and forth;
  • the lateral spindle device on the seat, the lateral spindle device comprises a guide rod and a guide rod driving device for
  • the first guide rail is adjacent to the top and the bottom of the rear main body frame; an angular guide rail support portion is outwardly convexly disposed near the bottom of the main body frame and the rear side surface of the vertical main body frame; A first carriage angular guide rail parallel to the first guide rail is further disposed between the angular guide rail support portions.
  • the first sliding seat angle guiding rail can overcome the lateral force of the sliding seat caused by the side deviation of the first screw rod or the first linear motor, and ensure the smooth movement of the first sliding seat.
  • a first connecting portion is connected to one side of the first main supporting portion and the second main supporting portion, and a second connecting portion is connected to the other side; a top surface of the first connecting portion and a top of the work platform The surface is flush or lower than the top surface of the workbench, and the top surface of the second connecting portion is higher than the top surface of the workbench.
  • Y is mounted on the first side of the X-direction slide and the Y-direction slide on the opposite sides of the X-direction slide and the Y-direction slide, and is placed on the same vertical plane, the guide rail surface and the X forward guide rail.
  • the X-axis is perpendicular to the guide rail surface of the rear rail; the spindle device is mounted on the side of the Y-direction slide away from the Y-direction first rail and the Y-direction second rail.
  • This structure greatly reduces the volume and weight of the Y-direction slide, greatly reduces the force for driving the Y-slide, reduces the movement relationship of the Y-slide, and improves the movement accuracy of the Y-slide.
  • the X-direction slide is U-shaped or H-shaped, and the Y-direction guide rail and the Y-direction guide rail are mounted on the U-shaped or H-shaped vertical plane of the X-direction slide.
  • the X-direction slide is U-shaped or H-shaped, which can be greatly Reduce the weight and volume of the X-direction slide and the Y-direction slide.
  • the first driving device comprises a set of X-direction linear motors driving the X-moving movement back and forth, and the X-direction linear motor stator is fixed on the top plane of the first driving device mounting portion, the X-direction linear motor mover It is fixed on the bottom plane of the X-direction slide. It is driven by linear motor, which is simple in structure, convenient to install and high in precision.
  • the first main support portion and the second main support portion are connected only by the base; two or more work platforms on the same straight line are mounted on the base, and two or more work platforms are driven to intermittently reciprocate straight lines.
  • Moving table drive mechanism More than two workbench can be used to clamp and disassemble the workpiece on the other workbench when machining the workpiece on one workbench, so as to improve the work efficiency;
  • the left side or the right side of the main support portion and the second main support portion facilitates the clamping and dismounting of the workpiece.
  • the first main support portion and the second main support portion are connected only by the base; the first work table and the second work table at different heights are mounted on the base, and the first work table is driven intermittently.
  • a first table driving mechanism for reciprocating linear motion and a second table driving mechanism for driving the second table intermittently reciprocating linear motion;
  • a bottom surface of the first table is higher than a top surface of the second table.
  • More than two workbench can be used to clamp and disassemble the workpiece on the other workbench when machining the workpiece on one workbench, so as to improve the work efficiency;
  • the left side or the right side of the main support portion and the second main support portion facilitates the clamping and dismounting of the workpiece.
  • the first driving device comprises a first driving motor for driving the first screw nut to rotate, one of the X-direction screw rods, and a first screw nut for engaging the X-direction screw rod;
  • the drive motor is fixed to the X-direction slide, and the first lead nut is rotatably mounted on the X-direction slide.
  • the X-direction slide is driven by a screw rod and a screw nut.
  • the structure is simple and the displacement accuracy is high.
  • the screw does not rotate, and the screw nut rotates, which avoids many disadvantages such as the rotation of the filament rod and is easy to deform, so that the machine tool transmission precision is higher.
  • a storage cavity is provided on a side where the first driving device mounting portion is provided, and the storage cavity is located directly below the X-direction screw and the X-direction guide rail on the same side.
  • the X-direction screw and the space position directly under the X-direction guide rail can be used to install electrical equipment or components, etc., and the space of the machine tool can be fully utilized to make the numerical control device look more beautiful, so that the machine tool can ensure the Y-direction travel.
  • a first connecting portion is connected to the left side of the first main supporting portion and the second main supporting portion
  • a second connecting portion is connected to the right side of the first main supporting portion and the second main supporting portion.
  • a top surface of the first connecting portion and/or the second connecting portion is lower than a bottom surface of the X forward rail and the X rearward rail
  • the clamping workpiece device includes chucks respectively mounted on the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion And a tailstock, and/or two chucks respectively mounted on the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, and/or a chuck mounted on the first connecting portion or the second connecting portion.
  • the main support frame adopts one-piece artificial stone or resin synthetic stone or cement concrete main frame, which has low cost. Because it is formed at room temperature, the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, and the internal stress is negligible, so the deformation of the frame structure of the formed equipment is small, especially A very large main frame can be cast like a house.
  • the chuck fixing seat and the tailstock fixing seat are embedded in the main body frame when casting the base, the main supporting portion and the main supporting frame, thereby solving the problem that the cement cannot be used for machining, and the chuck and the tailstock are easily installed, and the card is guaranteed. Mounting accuracy of the disc and tailstock. After casting, the guide rail support strip or linear hard rail track or linear slide rail or chuck mount and tailstock mount or table or table support block can be machined to meet the geometric tolerance requirements.
  • the guide hole of the guide rod and the rotating shaft is a stepped hole with a large upper and lower diameter, and a radial protruding portion is arranged at an upper end of the rotating shaft, and a rotating shaft is installed in the large hole of the stepped hole.
  • the lower bearing contacting the bottom surface of the protruding portion and the upper bearing contacting the top surface of the protruding portion of the rotating shaft; the lower bearing is supported on the stepped hole, and the rotating shaft is engaged with the Z guide rod through the upper bearing and the lower bearing.
  • the structure of the protruding portion of the rotating shaft cooperates with the upper bearing and the lower bearing, so that the z-guide rod and the rotating shaft are easy to process and easy to install, and the accuracy is easy to ensure.
  • the guide hole of the guide rod and the rotating shaft is a stepped hole which is large and small, and a small shaft is arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft, and a small hole is arranged in the large hole of the stepped hole and is smaller than the lower end of the rotating shaft.
  • the small shaft at both ends of the rotating shaft cooperates with the upper bearing and the lower bearing to make the z-guide rod and the rotating shaft Easy to process, easy to install, easy to guarantee accuracy.
  • a cooling flow path is also provided on the spindle unit.
  • the cooling runner takes away the heat from the spindle unit and reduces the overheating deformation of the z guides and shafts of the spindle unit.
  • the rotary shaft driving device includes a first rotor mounted on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and a first stator fitted in the z-guide rod to cooperate with the first rotor.
  • the first stator and the first rotor cooperate to drive the rotating shaft, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
  • the z-guide rod can only be installed together with the Y-direction slide seat in the up-and-down motion, and the rotary shaft or the main shaft is arranged in the z-guide rod;
  • the conductive ring is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft or the main shaft, in the rotating shaft or
  • a wire receiving groove or a wire receiving hole communicating with the conductive ring is disposed in the main shaft, and a wire is disposed in the wire receiving groove or the wire receiving hole, and one end of the wire is electrically connected to the conductive ring, and the other end is mounted on the rotating shaft or
  • the motor on the main shaft is electrically connected;
  • the conductive ring is electrically connected to the brush electrically connected to the external power source, and the brush is fixed with the z-guide rod.
  • a brush such as a carbon brush or a graphite brush and a conductive ring to frictionally connect
  • the motor wire fixed to the rotating Z-guide rod can be prevented from being entangled, and the structure is simple.
  • the swing shaft driving device comprises a second stator mounted in the swing seat, a second rotor mounted in the second stator; the swing shaft is coaxially mounted in the second rotor, the main The main machining head of the machining head is fixed on the swing shaft or integrally formed with the swing shaft; the wire receiving hole or the wire in the wire receiving groove is electrically connected to the second stator at one end away from the conductive ring.
  • the driving of the pendulum shaft is realized by the cooperation of the second stator and the second rotor, and the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, and the installation space is reduced.
  • a Z-direction screw nut mounting plate is fixed on the top of the Z-guide rod, and the Z-direction screw nut is fixed at the center of the Z-direction screw nut mounting plate, the Z-direction driving motor and the Z-direction screw
  • the nut is coaxial with the Z guide rod; the rotary shaft drive unit is installed in the Z guide rod to balance the movement of the main machining head when moving up and down, and the stability is good.
  • the rotating shaft driving device comprises a hollow motor, the hollow motor is fixed with the Z guide rod, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is connected with the motor shaft of the hollow motor, so that the z-direction screw can extend into the hollow motor when moving up and down.
  • z Guide rods, rotating shafts, etc. can shorten the overall length of the spindle unit, increase the rigidity of the spindle unit, and reduce costs.
  • the support portion is a tubular upper guide sleeve that cooperates with the z-guide rod; and a tubular lower guide sleeve that cooperates with the Z-guide rod is further disposed under the slide seat;
  • the sleeve, the sliding seat and the lower guide sleeve are provided with a guiding hole penetrating through the Z-guide rod, and the z-guide rod is vertically movably mounted in the guiding hole, and the motor mounting plate seals the top of the guiding hole of the guiding sleeve.
  • a guide sleeve is arranged below and above the sliding seat to increase the guiding length of the z-guide rod and improve the guiding effect of the Z-guide rod.
  • the motor mounting plate seals the top of the guiding hole of the guiding sleeve, and the dust is not easy to enter the gap between the z-guide rod and the guide sleeve, thereby further improving the guiding effect and reducing the wear of dust entering the guiding gap.
  • the pendulum shaft drive device comprises a drive motor; the swing shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor, and the swing shaft is connected to the main machining head seat through the swing seat away from the drive motor.
  • the pendulum shaft is driven directly by the drive unit motor, which is simple in construction and low in cost.
  • a fixing seat is further fixed at a lower end of the z-guide rod;
  • the rotating shaft driving device comprises a first stator mounted at a lower end of the fixing seat, and is mounted on the first rotor of the first stator, and the rotating shaft can only be Rotatingly mounted in the first rotor, the structure is simple, the length of the rotating shaft is short, and it is not easily deformed.
  • first z-direction linear guide rails are fixed in the sliding seat, and Z-direction fixed portions are symmetrically protruded on both sides of the Z-guide rod, and the Z-guide fixed portions are respectively A second z-direction linear guide track mated with the corresponding first Z-direction linear guide track is fixed.
  • the Z-direction linear guide rail and the second Z-direction linear guide rail are good, and the guiding effect is good, and the Z-guide rod does not need to design the anti-rotation structure.
  • the guide portion of the guide rod is cylindrical; the Z guide rod is provided with a rotation preventing groove, and the Z guide sleeve is provided on the sliding seat with the z guide rod, and the Z guide sleeve is provided
  • a rotation preventing structure for preventing the Z guide rod from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guide rod is provided between the Z guide rod and the guide rod.
  • the anti-rotation structure is used to prevent the z-guide rod from rotating, the structure is simple, and the design of each part is convenient.
  • the rotation stop structure includes a rotation preventing block, and a horizontal through hole for receiving the rotation preventing block is disposed on a side of the z guide sleeve, and an abutting member is disposed at an end of the receiving through hole toward the outer side of the z guide sleeve.
  • a spring is disposed between the rotation stop block and the abutting member;
  • a rotation preventing groove is formed on the side of the Z guide rod to cooperate with the rotation preventing block, and the rotation guiding block protrudes from the guiding hole of the Z guiding rod and extends into the rotation preventing groove Inside.
  • the anti-rotation structure is installed in the z-guide sleeve, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
  • the z-guide rod can only be mounted with the sliding seat up and down; the Z-direction screw nut is fixed on the Z-guide rod; and the Z-guide rod is prevented from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guiding rod.
  • the ground stop structure; the rotation stop structure includes a third rotation stop block, the z-guide rod is provided with a receiving portion for accommodating the third rotation preventing block, and the third spring is disposed between the third rotation preventing block and the Z guide rod.
  • the third rotation stop protrudes from the outer circumference of the Z guide rod, and a rotation preventing groove that cooperates with the third rotation stop block is disposed in the guide hole that cooperates with the Z guide rod.
  • the accommodating portion is a blind hole disposed on a side of the z-guide rod
  • the third spring is installed between the bottom surface of the blind hole and the third rotation preventing block; the third rotation preventing block is convex away from the side of the spring
  • the outer circumference of the z-guide rod cooperates with the anti-rotation groove.
  • the anti-rotation structure is installed in the blind hole on the side of the z-guide rod, and has a simple structure.
  • the accommodating groove is disposed at the top of the z-guide rod and communicates with the side of the Z-guide rod;
  • the rotation-stopping structure further includes a fourth rotation block, an end cover, and a third spring mounted on the third rotation block,
  • a third spring is disposed between the four rotation blocks, and the end cover limits the third rotation block and the fourth rotation block to the Z guide rod to move within the set range; the third rotation block protrudes from the Z guide rod outer circumference.
  • the anti-rotation structure is installed in the receiving groove at the top of the z-guide rod for easy installation.
  • the supporting portion provided on the sliding block is an upper guiding sleeve matched with the z-guide rod, and the lower guiding sleeve is further disposed on the sliding seat;
  • the motor mounting plate seals the guiding of the guiding sleeve The top of the hole;
  • the Z-guide, Z-direction drive is mounted in the Z-guide sleeve;
  • the guide sleeve is provided in the guide sleeve, and the rotating shaft cooperates with the guide insert.
  • the rotating shaft cooperates with the guide insert to reduce the friction, reduce the frictional contact surface, reduce the heat generated by the friction, and at the same time facilitate the heat to be discharged from the gap between the lower guide bush, the guide insert and the rotating shaft to reduce the deformation of the rotating shaft.
  • a laterally mounted X-direction slide angle guide rail is disposed between the front side or the rear side of the X-direction slide and the main support frame near the X-direction screw, X
  • the installation angle of the slide angle to the guide rail and the X-direction guide rail is perpendicular.
  • the X-direction slide angle guide rail can overcome the lateral force of the slide caused by the X-direction screw side deviation, and ensure the smooth movement of the slide seat.
  • the first driving device is a set of linear motors, including a first linear motor stator and a first linear motor mover, the first linear motor stator is elongated, and its length is X. Cooperating with the length of the guide rail, the first linear motor stator is fixed on the first main support portion or the second main support portion, and the first linear motor mover is fixed at the bottom of the X-direction slide.
  • This linear motor has a very simple structure, is easy to install, and has high transmission accuracy.
  • the main support frame comprises a first driving device mounting portion connected to the first main supporting portion or the second main supporting portion, and the first driving device mounting portion is disposed on the X forward rail and the X rearward rail
  • the rigidity of the X-direction screw can be fixed, and the smoothness and displacement high precision when driving the X-slider can be ensured.
  • the supporting force of the support X-slider and the X-direction screw can be relatively uniform. It is transmitted to the base, so it has a good bearing effect on the X-direction slide and the X-direction screw.
  • the rigidity is good, which is very beneficial for the machining head to process the workpiece from the top downward.
  • the third aspect can realize the X-direction screw. It is located between the X forward rail and the X rearward rail, so that only one X-direction screw and one power source can drive the X-direction slide movement, and the machining reference of the rail mounting position is consistent, which ensures the shape of the guide rail. Bit precision.
  • Driving X to the slide back and forth requires only one X-direction screw and one power source, which can overcome the installation of two synchronous motion motor-driven X-direction slides at the position of the X forward rail and the X-rear rail.
  • Synchronously moving motors are difficult to achieve full synchronous motion, or one of the motors appears slower or faster, causing the X-direction slide motion imbalance to generate torque, shifting the X-direction slide to the X-direction, and causing the X-direction slide motion. Poor stability, poor positioning, and poor movement.
  • the X-direction screw is located between the X forward rail and the X-direction rear rail. It can also overcome the problem of installing a drive unit to drive the X-direction slide only at the position of the X forward rail or the X-direction rear rail.
  • the X-direction slide motion imbalance produces a torque that causes the X-direction slide to shift in the X-direction, resulting in poor stability in the X-direction slide movement, inaccurate positioning, poor motion, and motion cannot be too fast to accommodate X forward.
  • the main machining head can realize the movement in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction
  • the workpiece mounting device such as the work table for clamping the workpiece can no longer require the movement of the X direction, the Y direction and the z direction, on the one hand due to the main processing head and
  • the weight of the load bearing device X and the Y slide is much lighter than the weight of the conventional work table and workpiece for moving the workpiece, and can also be made of a material with low density and high strength, so that the workpiece can be greatly saved.
  • the first main support portion and the second main support portion comprise a first side separated from the upper middle portion, and the projection of the X-direction slide on the work table when the X-direction slide is placed at the end position away from the first side It does not exceed half of the table, which makes it easy to lift the workpiece from the first side to the workbench.
  • the first main support portion and the second main support portion include a first side separated from the upper middle portion, meaning that the upper left portion and/or the upper middle portion of the first main support portion and the second main support portion are separated of.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the first embodiment of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the second embodiment of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle unit of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective exploded view of the Y-slide and spindle device of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view showing a Y-slide and a spindle device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a perspective exploded view of the Y-slide and spindle device of the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view showing a Y-slide and a spindle device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure ⁇ is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Y-direction slide and the spindle device of the embodiment 10 of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the Y-direction carriage and the spindle unit of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the Y-direction carriage and the spindle unit of the embodiment 12 of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.
  • Figure 20 is a perspective view showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a perspective exploded view of the Y-slide and spindle device of Embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view showing a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a perspective view showing the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a perspective view showing a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the tailstock mechanism of the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a perspective view showing a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a perspective view showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a perspective view showing an embodiment 18 of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a perspective view showing a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a perspective view of Embodiment 20 of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a perspective view of Embodiment 21 of the present invention.
  • Figure 32 is a perspective view showing the work table, its driving device, and positioning device of Embodiment 21 of the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic view showing the body of an embodiment 22 of the present invention.
  • Figure 34 is a perspective view showing the workbench, the driving device thereof, and the positioning device of the embodiment 22 of the present invention.
  • Figure 35 is a perspective view of a twenty-third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 36 is a perspective view showing the decomposition of the embodiment 24 of the present invention.
  • the main body frame includes an integrally formed base 1 , which is adjacent to the front and rear sides of the base 1 , and a first main support portion 2 and a second main support portion 3 that are chamfered on the base 1 .
  • the first driving device mounting portion 4 that is connected to the second main support portion 3 on the right and left sides of the base 1 is provided.
  • the second main support portion 3 protrudes forward along the top plane, and the first driving device mounting portion 4 is convexly connected rearward along the top plane as a whole.
  • the lateral and longitudinal ribs 5 are joined in the giant square of the second main support portion 3.
  • a lateral rib 6 is connected between the second main support portion 3 and the first drive unit mounting portion 4.
  • the rear sides of the first main support portion 2 and the second main support portion 3 are connected together by a joint portion 60.
  • Lateral and vertical ribs 61 are connected between the first main support portion 2, the connecting portion 60, and the second main support portion 3.
  • An X forward rail support portion is disposed on the first main support portion and near the top of the first main support portion, and an X forward guide rail is disposed between the X forward rail support portion and the X-direction slide seat.
  • An X rearward rail support portion is disposed on the second main support portion near the top of the second main support portion, and an X rearward guide rail is disposed between the X rearward rail support portion and the X-direction slide.
  • the worktables protruded at both ends, the X-direction screw rods at both ends of the first drive mounting portion or the projecting stations at both ends, and the X-direction straight line fixed to the mounting portion of the first driving device
  • the distance from the motor stator to the X-direction rail on the same side thereof is greater than 20% of the distance between the X forward rail and the X-rear rail, and less than 50% of the distance between the X forward rail and the X-rear rail;
  • X-direction screw Or the projection of the X-direction linear motor on the horizontal plane is between the X-direction rear rail and the table or between the X-front rail and the table; when the X-direction carriage is placed at the extreme end position away from the first side, the X-direction slide
  • the projection on the workbench does not exceed half of the workbench.
  • An X-forward guide rail is provided between the first main support portion 2 and the X-direction slide 7.
  • the X-forward guide rail X is disposed between the second main support portion 3 and the X-direction slide 7. guide.
  • the X-direction slide 7 slides back and forth along the X forward rail and the X rear rail.
  • the X-direction slide 7 includes a frame in which the opening faces the vertical direction, and a second X-direction linear slide rail fixing block 13 is respectively protruded on the front and rear sides of the frame, and a lower convex portion 14 is provided on the bottom surface of the frame.
  • An X forward rail support portion 62 is provided on the first main support portion 2 and near the top of the first main support portion 2, and is disposed on the second main support portion 3 and near the top of the second main support portion 3.
  • the X rearward rail support portion 63, the X forward rail, and the X forward rail include a first X-direction linear slide rail provided with balls respectively mounted on the X forward rail support portion 62 and the X rear rail support portion 63. 15.
  • a second X-direction linear slide rail 16 fixed to the bottom surface of the front and rear fixed block 13 of the second X-direction linear slide rail is provided with a guide groove that engages with the first X-direction linear slide rail 15.
  • first drive device that drives the X to slide back and forth 7;
  • the first drive includes a first drive motor 10 that drives the X to move back and forth to the carriage 7 in parallel with the first X-direction linear slide track 15
  • An X-direction lead screw 11 connected to the motor shaft of the first drive motor 10, a first nut (not shown) engaged with the X-direction lead screw 11, and a first nut (not shown) fixed to the lower projection portion 14 The position where it is combined with the X-slide 7.
  • an X-direction screw mount 17 mounted on the left and right sides of the main support frame 6, the first drive motor 10 being mounted on the outer side of the X-direction screw mount 17, and the X-direction screw 11 away from the first drive One end of the motor 10 passes through the X-direction screw mount 17, and a first nut (not shown) is mounted on the X-direction screw mount 17 remote from the first drive motor 10; the X-direction screw 11 is located at two An X-direction slides between the tracks 15 in a straight line.
  • a Y-direction slide 18 Also included is a Y-direction slide 18, and a Y-left rail and a Y-right rail are provided between the X-direction carriage 7 and the Y-direction carriage 18.
  • a second drive that drives Y to move back and forth to the carriage 18;
  • the second drive includes a second drive
  • the motor 21 drives the Y to move back and forth to the slide 18, and a twisting screw 22 connected to the motor shaft of the second drive motor 21 parallel to the leftward guide rail and the rightward guide rail, cooperates with the turn screw 22
  • the twisted silk mother (not shown).
  • the sliding carriage 18 includes a sliding shoe bottom plate 24, a U-shaped upper convex portion 25 projecting vertically upward from the side of the sliding base plate 24, and a U-shaped lower convex portion protruding vertically downward from the side of the sliding seat base plate 24. 26.
  • the U-shaped upper convex portion 25 and the U-shaped lower convex portion 26 are protruded in the left-right direction of the sliding shoe bottom plate 24.
  • the twisting guide (not shown) is fixed at a position where the U-shaped lower convex portion 26 is joined to the slide bottom plate 24.
  • the leftward guide rail and the rightward guide rail are slide rails; and the radial sliding rail 27 with balls is directly fixed on the X-direction slide base 7, and is fixed to the bottom surface of the slide shoe bottom plate 24 and slides in a straight line.
  • the rail 27 cooperates with the guide rail slide 29.
  • a tangential lead screw mount 28 mounted on the front and rear sides of the X-direction slide 7, the second drive motor 21 being mounted on the outer side of the tangential lead screw mount 28, and the tangential lead screw 22 away from the second One end of the drive motor 21 is mounted to the spindle mounting seat 28 remote from the second drive motor 21 through a twisting screw mounting bracket 28, a twisting nut (not shown).
  • the boring screw 22 is located between the two slanting linear sliding tracks 27.
  • the spindle device comprises a circular ⁇ guide rod 30, an end cover 31, an internally threaded nut 54, an externally threaded nut 55, and a rotating shaft 32 which is only rotatable relative to the guide rod 30, and the first rotating shaft 32 is rotated.
  • the rotor 33 and the first stator 34, the bearing 35, and the bearing 19 are mounted on the bottom surface of the U-shaped upper convex portion 25 and the U-shaped lower convex portion 26 of the sliding seat 18 and penetrate the first portion of the sliding guide 18
  • the linear guide rail track 36 is driven to drive the swaying guide 30 up and down.
  • a guide fixing portion 37 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the guide rail 30, and a central stepped through hole 59 coaxial with the guide rail 30 is provided in the guide rail 30, and is fixed to the guide fixing portion 37.
  • a motor fixing plate 40 is fixed to the U-shaped upper convex portion 25.
  • the first slanting linear rail track 36 and the second slanting linear rail track 38 pass through the slanting slide 18.
  • a stepped hole 49 and a stepped large hole 50 are provided in the end cap 31.
  • a conductive ring 51 and a brush 52 are also included.
  • the slanting drive unit includes a third drive motor 41 and a tangential lead screw 42 that drives the ram guide rod 30 to move up and down.
  • the rotating shaft 32 includes a large shaft 44 that cooperates with the inner bore of the cymbal guide rod 30, a stepped small shaft 45 extending from the top of the large shaft 44, and a small shaft 20 extending from the bottom of the large shaft 44.
  • a center through hole 53 is provided in the rotating shaft 32.
  • the bearing 35 is sleeved on the large end of the small shaft 45 and supported on the large shaft 44 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 45 and to fit the inner circumference of the large hole of the stepped through hole 59 of the guide rod 30.
  • the first rotor 33 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 45 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 45 and is supported on the bearing 35.
  • the conductive ring 51 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 45 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 45 and is supported on the first rotor 33.
  • the small end of the small shaft 45 is provided with an external thread near the top end surface of the rotating shaft 32.
  • the internal thread of the nut 54 is engaged with the external thread of the small end of the small shaft 45, and the end surface is in contact with the end surface of the conductive ring 51 to electrically connect the first rotor 33.
  • the ring 51 is fixed to the rotating shaft 32 in order from bottom to top.
  • the first stator 34 is mounted in the stepped aperture 49 of the end cap 31, the top end surface of the first stator 34 is in contact with the end surface of the stepped aperture 49, and the outer circumference is engaged with the inner circumference of the stepped aperture 49, the inner circumference and the A rotor 33 is fitted; an internal thread is provided on the bottom end surface of the stepped large hole 50 near the end cover 31; the inner diameter of the nut 55 is larger than the outer diameter of the first rotor 33, and the external thread of the nut 55 is matched with the internal thread of the stepped large hole 50, The end face is in contact with the bottom end surface of the first stator 34 to fix the first stator 34 in the end cap 31.
  • the brush 52 is fixed in the end cap 31 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 51, and the conductive ring 51 is electrically connected to the motor mounted on the rotating shaft 32 by wires.
  • the end cap 31 is fixed to the top of the crucible guide 30.
  • the twisting wire 46 is fixed to the center of the end cap 31 and extends into the rotating shaft 32 to avoid the rotating shaft 32.
  • the third drive motor 41 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 40, and one end of the turn screw 30 is connected to the third drive motor 41 through the shaft coupling 47, and the other end of the lead screw 30 passes through the motor fixing plate 40 and the twist direction.
  • the nut 46 fits and extends into the shaft 32 and the shaft 32 avoids the air.
  • the guide rod 30 passes through the tilting carriage 18.
  • the lower end of the rotating shaft 32 passes through the ⁇ guide rod 30 and protrudes from the ⁇ guide rod 30.
  • the bearing 19 is mounted on the small shaft 20, the bottom end surface is supported on the bottom end surface of the large hole of the stepped through hole 59, and the top end surface and the large shaft 44 are The top end surface is fitted, the inner circumference is fitted to the outer circumference of the small shaft 20, and the outer circumference is fitted to the inner circumference of the stepped through hole 59.
  • the main machining head 48 is mounted on the rotating shaft 32.
  • the motor 42 drives the screw 42 to rotate, so that the nut 46 moves up and down relative to the screw 42.
  • a first swing seat 56 is fixed to the bottom of the Z guide rod 30, and further includes a horizontal first swing shaft 57 mounted on the first swing seat 56 and a first swing shaft motor 58 connected to the first swing shaft 57.
  • the main machining head 48 is mounted on the first swing shaft 57.
  • the Y-direction slide 70 includes a Y-direction slide bottom plate 71, and an upper convex portion 72 that protrudes vertically upward from the Y-slide base plate 71, from the Y direction.
  • the lower base portion 73 of the slide base plate 71 is vertically downwardly protruded.
  • a fixing plane 74 is provided on the outer side surface of the upper convex portion 72 and the lower convex portion 73, and a side convex portion 75 is provided on the fixing plane 74.
  • the Y-direction slide base plate 71 has a square outer circumference, and an upper convex portion 72 and a lower convex portion 73 are protruded from the periphery.
  • a circular hole 78 and a square hole 79 penetrating the upper convex portion 72, the Y-direction sliding base plate 71, and the lower convex portion 73 are provided in the Y-direction slide 70, and the circular hole 78 is placed at the center position of the square hole 79, and the circular hole 78 is provided.
  • the diameter is larger than the width of the square hole 79 and smaller than the length of the square hole 79.
  • the spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 80, an end cap 81, an internally threaded nut 82, an externally threaded nut 83, an externally threaded nut 84, a rotating shaft 85 that is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 80, and a first rotor 86 that drives the rotating shaft 85 to rotate.
  • the stator 87, the bearing 88, the bearing 89, and the two first Z-direction linear rail rails 90 fixed to the same side of the square hole 79 drive the Z-direction driving device in which the Z-guide rod 80 moves up and down.
  • a Z-guide fixing portion 91 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the Z-guide rod 80, and a center-step through hole 92 coaxial with the Z-guide rod 80 is provided in the Z-guide rod 80, and is fixed to the Z-guide fixing portion 91.
  • a motor fixing plate 100 is fixed to the upper convex portion 72.
  • the first Z-direction linear rail track 90 and the second Z-direction linear rail track 93 pass through the Y-direction carriage 70.
  • the Z-direction drive unit includes a third drive motor 95, a Z-direction lead screw 96 that drives the Z-guide rod 80 to move up and down, and a Z-direction lead screw nut 106.
  • the rotating shaft 85 includes a large shaft 97 that cooperates with the inner hole of the Z-guide rod 80, a stepped small shaft 98 extending from the top of the large shaft 97, and a small shaft 99 extending from the bottom of the large shaft 97.
  • a center through hole 101 is provided in the rotating shaft 85.
  • the bearing 88 is sleeved on the large end of the small shaft 98 and supported on the large shaft 97 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 98 and cooperate with the inner circumference of the large hole of the stepped through hole 92 of the guide rod 80.
  • An internal thread having an end portion in contact with the bearing and engaging with the nut 84 is provided in the through hole 92.
  • the lower end surface of the nut 84 is in contact with the upper end surface of the bearing 88 and the bearing 88 is fixed to the rotating shaft 85.
  • the first rotor 86 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 98 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 98 and is supported on the large end of the small shaft 98.
  • a conductive ring 102 and a brush 103 are also included.
  • the conductive ring 102 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 98 to the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 98 and is supported on the first rotor 86.
  • the small end of the small shaft 98 is provided with an external thread near the top end surface of the rotating shaft 85.
  • the internal thread of the nut 82 is matched with the external thread of the small end of the small shaft 98, and the end surface is in contact with the end surface of the conductive ring 102 to electrically connect the first rotor 86.
  • the ring 102 is fixed to the rotating shaft 85 in order from bottom to top.
  • the outer casing 76 of the first stator 87 is mounted in the large hole of the stepped through hole 92, and the bottom end surface is supported on the nut 84.
  • the first stator 87 is mounted within the outer casing 76.
  • An internal thread cooperating with the nut 83 is provided in the large hole of the stepped through hole 92, and the top end surface of the first stator 87 is in contact with the bottom end surface of the nut 83, and the outer circumference of the outer casing of the first stator 87 is larger than the stepped through hole 92.
  • the inner circumference of the first stator 87 is engaged with the first rotor 86; the inner diameter of the nut 83 is larger than the outer diameter of the conductive ring 102.
  • the brush 103 is fixed in the Z-guide bar 80 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 102.
  • the conductive ring 102 is electrically connected to a spindle motor (not shown) and a swing shaft motor 105 mounted on the rotary shaft 85 by wires.
  • the end cap 81 is fixed to the top of the Z guide 80.
  • the Z-direction screw nut 106 is fixed at the center of the end cap 81 and extends into the Z-guide rod 80 and the rotating shaft 85, and is separated from the Z-guide rod 80 and the rotating shaft 85.
  • the third driving motor 95 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 100, and one end of the Z-direction screw 96 is connected to the third driving motor 95 through the shaft coupling 107, and the other end of the Z-direction screw 96 passes through the motor fixing plate 100 and the Z-direction.
  • the lead screw nut 106 cooperates and extends into the Z guide rod 80, the rotating shaft 85, and the Z guide rod 80 and the rotating shaft 85 to avoid the air.
  • the Z guide 80 is mounted in the Y-direction carriage 70. The lower end of the rotating shaft 85 passes through the Z-guide rod 80 and protrudes from the Z-guide rod 80.
  • the bearing 89 is mounted on the small shaft 99, the bottom end surface is supported on the bottom end surface of the intermediate hole of the stepped through hole 92, the top end surface is fitted to the top end surface of the large shaft 97, the outer circumference of the inner circumference and the small shaft 99 is fitted, the outer circumference and the step are The inner circumference of the through hole 92 is fitted.
  • the Y-direction slide 120 includes a Y-direction slide bottom plate 121, and a circular tubular upper guide sleeve 122 that protrudes vertically from the Y-slide base plate 121, from the Y direction.
  • the sliding bottom plate 121 is vertically downwardly protruding from the circular tubular lower guiding sleeve 123, and the Y-direction sliding base plate 121 has a square outer circumference, and the circumference of the circular tubular-shaped upper guiding sleeve 122 and the circular tubular guiding guide
  • the spindle device includes a cylindrical Z-guide rod 126 that can move up and down, an end cover 127, a rotating shaft 128 that is mounted in the Z-guide rod 126 and rotatable only relative to the Z-guide rod 126, a bearing 132, a bearing 131, an externally threaded nut 134, and a drive
  • the first rotor 129 and the first stator 130, the internal thread nut 135, which rotates the shaft 128, drive the Z-direction driving device of the Z-guide rod 126 to move up and down, and the rotation preventing member 125.
  • a rotation stop groove 133 that axially penetrates the Z guide rod 126 is disposed on the Z guide rod 126, and a rotation stop member 125 that cooperates with the rotation stop groove 133 is mounted in the lateral hole 124 of the circular tube shape upper guide sleeve 122.
  • a center circular through hole 136 is provided in the Y-direction slide 120 to engage the Z-guide rod 126, and the Z-guide rod 126 is placed in the center circular through-hole 136.
  • the X forward rail and the X rear rail are slide rails, including a cylindrical X guide shaft 200, an X guide shaft support 201, and an X-direction guide sleeve slide 202.
  • the X guide shaft 201 is provided with an arc surface 204 that engages with the X guide shaft 200.
  • the X guide shaft 200 is mounted on the X guide shaft 201 and is fitted to the arc surface 204 on the X guide shaft 201.
  • the guide collar 201 is fixed to the X-direction rail support portion 205, and the X-direction guide sleeve slider 202 is fixed to the bottom of the side convex portion 207 on the front and rear sides of the X-direction slide 206.
  • the X-direction guide sleeve slide 202 is engaged with the X-guide shaft 200 and the X-guide shaft holder 201 which are mounted together.
  • the Y-left rail and the Y-right rail are sliding rails, including a Y-direction rail sleeve 208, a cylindrical Y-guide shaft 209, and a Y-axis bracket 210.
  • the Y-guide shaft 210 is provided with a Y-guide shaft 209.
  • the engaged arc surface 211, Y guide shaft 209 is mounted on the Y guide shaft 210 and is engaged with the arc surface 211 on the Y guide shaft 210, and the Y guide shaft 210 is fixed on the X slide 206, Y
  • the rail cover slide 208 is fixed to the bottom of the slide base 213 of the Y-direction slide 212.
  • the Y-direction guide sleeve slide 208 is mated with the Y guide shaft 209 and the Y guide shaft bracket 210 that are mounted together.
  • the spindle device includes a circular Z-guide bar 240 that can move up and down, and an end cover 241 that mounts a rotating shaft 242 that can only rotate relative to the Z-guide bar 240 in the Z-guide bar 240.
  • the accommodating groove 246 is connected to the side of the Z-guide bar 240 at the top of the Z-guide bar 240.
  • the rotation-stopping structure includes a third rotation stop block 248 and a fourth rotation stop block 247 installed in the accommodating groove 246.
  • a third spring 249 is disposed between the third rotation stop block 248 and the fourth rotation stop block 247, and the end cover 241 limits the third rotation stop block 248 and the fourth rotation stop block 247 to the set range of the Z guide rod 240.
  • the Z-guide sleeve 250 is provided with a rotation preventing groove 251.
  • the third rotation preventing block 248 protrudes away from the side of the third spring 249.
  • the outer circumference of the guiding rod 240 extends into the rotation preventing groove 251 to cooperate with the rotation preventing groove 251.
  • a tightening screw 252 is also provided on the Z-guide sleeve 250, and the top screw 252 is tightened to the side of the fourth rotation preventing block 247 facing away from the third rotation preventing block 248.
  • the Z-direction nut 253 is fixed to the Z-guide 240.
  • the third driving motor 254 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 255, and one end of the Z-direction screw 256 is connected to the third driving motor 254 through the shaft coupling 257, and the other end of the Z-direction screw 256 passes through the motor fixing plate 255 and the end cover.
  • the 241 is engaged with the Z-direction nut 253 and extends into the inner through hole 267 of the rotating shaft 242 to avoid the rotation of the rotating shaft 242.
  • the lower end of the rotating shaft 242 passes through the Z guide rod 240, and the first swing seat 258 is integrally formed on the rotating shaft 242.
  • the first swing shaft formed integrally with the main machining head 263 of the main machining head 259 is mounted in the first swing seat 258, and a drive motor 260 for driving the first swing shaft is mounted on the first swing seat.
  • a conductive ring 264 is disposed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 242, and a wire receiving hole 265 communicating with the conductive ring 264 is disposed in the rotating shaft 242.
  • a wire 266 is disposed in the wire receiving hole 265, and one end of the wire 266 is electrically connected to the conductive ring 264. The other end is electrically connected to the spindle motor and the stator mounted on the rotating shaft 242; the conductive ring 264 is electrically connected to a brush friction (not shown) electrically connected to the external power source, and the brush is fixed to the Z-guide 240.
  • the spindle device includes a Z-guide bar 270 with a central circular through hole (not shown) that can move up and down, an end cap 271, a fixed seat 272, and a first swing seat 276.
  • the first swing drive device the rotating shaft 279, the rotating shaft driving device, the first Z-direction linear slide rail 273, the second Z-direction linear slide rail 274, Z-direction drive Device.
  • the end cap 271 is fixed to the Z guide rod 270, and the third screw nut 275 of the Z-direction drive unit is fixed to the end cap.
  • the fixing base 272 is fixed to the bottom end surface of the Z guide rod 270.
  • the first seat 276 is U-shaped.
  • the spindle drive device includes a first rotor 277 and a first stator 278 that are fixed to the lower end of the fixed seat 272 to drive the rotation of the first swing seat 276.
  • the rotating shaft 279 is fixed to the top of the first pendulum 276 and mounted in the first rotor 277.
  • a second rotor 280 and a second stator 281 are mounted on one side of the U-shaped projection of the first pendulum 276.
  • the main machining head 283 of the main machining head 282 is mounted in the U-shaped groove of the first pendulum 276, and the other shaft 285 is mounted in the second rotor 280.
  • a blind hole (not shown) is provided on the side of the Z-guide rod 303.
  • the rotation stop structure includes a third rotation stop block 302.
  • a third spring 305 is disposed between the third rotation stop block 302 and the Z guide rod 303.
  • the third spring 305 and the third rotation stop block are mounted on the blind hole (not shown).
  • the third spring 305 is mounted between the bottom surface of the blind hole (not shown) and the third rotation stop block 302.
  • the third rotation stop block 302 protrudes from the outer circumference of the Z-guide rod 303, and cooperates with the Z-guide rod 303.
  • a rotation preventing groove 304 that cooperates with the third rotation stop 302 block is provided in the guide hole (not shown).
  • the Y-direction slide 360 includes a Y-direction slide plate 361, and a cylindrical guide sleeve 362 fixed to the top of the Y-direction slide plate 361, from the Y direction.
  • the sliding plate 361 has a cylindrical lower convex portion 363 protruding vertically downward.
  • a through hole 364 is provided in the Y-direction slide plate 361 and the lower convex portion 363.
  • the Y-direction slide plate 361 has a square outer circumference, and a guide sleeve 362 and a lower convex portion 363 are protruded from the periphery.
  • the spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 370, an end cap 371, an externally threaded nut 372, an externally threaded nut 373, a bearing gland 374, a rotating shaft 375 that is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 370, a first rotor 376 that drives the rotating shaft 375 to rotate, and a first The stator 377, the bearing 378, the bearing 379, and the Z-direction driving device that drives the Z-guide rod 370 to move up and down.
  • a small hole 365, a middle hole 366, a middle hole 367, and a large hole 382 are formed in the Z-guide rod 370 from bottom to top and from small to large to form a stepped through hole.
  • a large hole 384 and a small hole 387 are formed in the bearing gland 374 to form a stepped through hole which is large and small.
  • a conductive ring 392 and a brush 393 are also included.
  • a motor fixing plate 390 is fixed to the guide bush 362.
  • the Z-direction drive unit includes a third drive motor 385, a Z-direction lead screw 386 that drives the Z-guide rod 370 to move up and down, and a Z-direction screw nut 396.
  • the shaft 375 includes a small shaft 368 from the bottom to the top, a center shaft 369, a large shaft 380, a center shaft 381, and a small shaft 383.
  • a center through hole 391 is provided in the rotating shaft 375.
  • the bearing 378 is mounted on the outer circumference of the center shaft 381 with its bottom end surface in contact with the top end surface of the large shaft 380.
  • the bearing 379 is mounted on the outer circumference of the center shaft 369.
  • the conductive ring 392 is mounted on the outer circumference of the small shaft 383, and its bottom end surface is in contact with the top end surface of the bearing 378.
  • the first rotor 376 is mounted on the outer circumference of the small shaft 383, and its bottom end surface is in contact with the top end surface of the conductive ring 392.
  • the first stator 377 is mounted on the first rotor 372376.
  • the small shaft 368 extends into the through hole 364, and the bottom end surface of the bearing 379 is supported on the bottom surface of the middle hole 366.
  • the outer circumference of the bearing 378 and the bearing 379 cooperate with the hole wall of the center hole 366.
  • the top surface of the large bore 384 of the bearing gland 374 is placed on the first rotor 376 and the first stator 377, and the bottom surface of the bearing gland 374 is pressed against the bearing 378.
  • a threaded hole that engages with the nut 372 and the nut 373 is provided in the large hole 382.
  • the bearing gland 374 is mounted to the Z-guide 370 by screwing the nut 372, the nut 373 into the threaded hole, thereby rotatably mounting the shaft 368 in the Z-guide 370.
  • the brush 393 is fixed in the Z-guide rod 370 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 392.
  • the end cap 371 is fixed to the top of the Z guide 370.
  • the Z-direction screw nut 396 is fixed at the center of the end cover 371 and extends into the Z-guide 370 and the rotating shaft 375, and is shielded from the Z-guide 370 and the rotating shaft 375.
  • the third driving motor 385 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 390, and one end of the Z-direction screw 386 is connected to the third driving motor 385 through the shaft coupling 397, and the other end of the Z-direction screw 386 passes through the motor fixing plate 390 and the Z-direction.
  • the lead screw nut 396 cooperates and extends into the Z guide rod 370, the nut 372, the nut 373, the bearing gland 374, the rotating shaft 375, and the Z guide rod 370, the nut 372, the nut 373, the bearing gland 374, and the rotating shaft 375 to avoid the air.
  • the Z guide 370 is mounted in the guide sleeve 362. The lower end of the shaft 375 passes through the Z-guide 370 and protrudes from the Z-guide 370.
  • a first swing seat 398 is further disposed at a lower end of the rotating shaft 375.
  • a second stator 399 is mounted in the first swing seat 398, and a second rotor 400 is coaxially mounted in the second stator 399.
  • the shaft is mounted first in the horizontal direction
  • the swing shaft 401, the main machining head 403 of the main machining head 404 and the first swing shaft 401 are integrally formed.
  • the conductive ring 392 is electrically connected to a spindle motor (not shown) mounted on the rotating shaft 375 and a second stator 399 through a wire 402 placed in the through hole 391.
  • the guide portion of the Z-guide rod 370 has a cylindrical shape; a rotation stop groove 405 is disposed on the outer circumference of the Z-guide rod 370, and a lateral stepped hole 409 is provided in the guide sleeve 362, and is disposed in the small hole of the stepped hole 409.
  • a rotation preventing member 406 is provided which is movable back and forth in the small hole of the stepped hole 409.
  • a fixing member 407 is fixed in the large hole of the stepped hole 409, and a compression spring 408 is disposed between the fixing member 407 and the rotation preventing member 406. The rotation of the Z-guide 370 is prevented by the rotation of the rotation preventing member 406 and the rotation preventing groove 405.
  • the motor 385 drives the screw 386 to rotate, so that the screw nut 396 moves up and down relative to the screw 386. Since the screw nut 396 is fixed to the end cover 371, the Z guide 370 is fixed to the end cover 371, so the Z guide 370 follows the wire. The lever 386 rotates only up and down. The shaft 375 is driven by the first stator 377 and the first rotor 376 to be rotatable only in the Z guide 370.
  • the Y-direction slide includes a Y-direction slide plate 421, and a cylindrical guide sleeve 422 extending vertically from the Y-direction of the slide plate 421, from the Y-direction slide
  • the plate 421 has a cylindrical lower convex portion 423 that extends vertically downward.
  • the spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 424, an end cap 425, an externally threaded nut 426, an externally threaded nut 427, a bearing gland 428, a rotating shaft 429 which is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 424, a hollow motor 430 that drives the rotating shaft 429 to rotate, and a bearing 431.
  • the bearing 432 drives the Z-direction drive device in which the Z-guide rod 424 moves up and down.
  • the top end of the conductive ring 433 is opposite the top surface of the large hole 434 of the bearing cover 428.
  • the hollow motor 430 is mounted on the top surface of the bearing gland 428, and the motor shaft of the hollow motor 430 is coupled to the rotating shaft 429.
  • a lead screw 435 extends into the hollow motor 430.
  • the shaft 429 is driven to rotate by the hollow motor 430, and the shaft 429 is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 424.
  • An axial wire receiving groove 437 is provided on the side of the rotating shaft 429, and one end is connected to the conductive ring 433, and the other end of the wire 438 connected to the motor on the rotating shaft 429 is placed in the wire receiving groove 437.
  • the bearing 442 supported on the end surface of the large shaft 441 of the rotating shaft is fixed by the bearing gland 443, and the bearing gland 443 passes through the nut 444 installed in the Z guide rod 440, The nut 445 is fixed.
  • the shaft is driven by a hollow motor 446.
  • the bottom end face of the conductive ring 447 is placed on the top end face of the large end of the stepped small shaft 448 of the rotary shaft, and the top end face faces the hollow motor 446.
  • the hollow motor 446 is mounted on the top surface of the bearing gland 443, and the motor shaft of the hollow motor 446 is coupled to the rotating shaft.
  • the lead screw 449 can extend into the hollow motor 446.
  • the rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the hollow motor 446, and the rotating shaft is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide 440.
  • the independent insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert are uniformly fixed in the circumferential direction in the inner hole of the cylindrical lower convex portion 465 of the Y-direction slide 460.
  • the Z insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert 463 form a concentric circumferential surface.
  • the rotating shaft 464 is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert 463.
  • a cooling flow passage 464 is provided in each of the insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert 463.
  • a numerical control machine tool includes a main body frame and a workpiece mounting device.
  • the main body frame includes a base 480, a body formed integrally with the base 480, a first main support portion disposed on a front side of the base 480, and a second main support portion disposed on a rear side of the base 480, a first main support portion and a second main support portion Connected only through the base 480.
  • the front second main support portion includes a door frame-shaped support frame 481, a vertical reinforcing rib 482 connecting the support frame 481 and the base 480, and a rear rail mounting portion extending horizontally forward from the front side of the support frame 481 near the top of the support frame 481. 483.
  • the first drive mounting portion includes a door frame-shaped support frame 484 that connects the support frame 484 and the vertical reinforcing ribs 485 of the base 480.
  • the top surface of the support frame 484 is lower than the mounting surface of the rear rail mounting portion 483, and the mounting surface of the rear rail mounting portion 483 is lower than the top surface of the support frame 481.
  • the first main support portion includes a door frame-shaped support frame 486, and a front rail mounting portion 487 extending horizontally rearward from a rear side of the support frame 486 near the top of the support portion,
  • the support 486 and the base 480, the front rail mounting portion 487, and the vertical stiffeners 488 of the base 480 are coupled.
  • the mounting surface of the front rail mounting portion 487 is lower than the top surface of the support frame 486, and is flush with the mounting surface of the front and rear rail mounting portions 487483.
  • the clamping workpiece device includes a table 489 that is secured to the base 480.
  • the X-direction carriage 490 is a square frame having a square cavity 491, and a center through hole 492 is provided at the bottom of the cavity 491.
  • An X-forward guide rail is provided between the front rail mounting portion 487 and the X-direction slider 490, and an X-rear rail is provided between the rear rail mounting portion 483 and the X-direction slider 490.
  • the X-direction carriage 490 is slidable back and forth along the X forward rail and the X rearward rail.
  • the X forward rail includes an X forward linear slide rail 493 provided with a ball mounted on the rail mounting surface of the front rail mounting portion 487, and is fixed to the X direction of the X-direction slide 490 bottom surface and the X forward linear slide rail 493.
  • the X rearward guide rail includes an X rearward linear slide rail 495 provided with a ball mounted on the rail mounting surface of the rear rail mounting portion 483, and is fixed to the X direction of the X-direction slide 490 bottom surface and the X rearward linear slide rail 495.
  • Rear rail slide 496 Rear rail slide 496.
  • first driving device that drives the X to slide back and forth to the carriage 490;
  • the first driving device includes a first driving motor 497 that drives the X to move back and forth to the carriage 490, parallel to the X-direction linear sliding track and the first
  • the X-axis lead screw 498 of the motor shaft of the drive motor 497 is coupled to a first lead nut 499 (not shown) mated with the X-direction lead screw 498, and the first lead nut 47 9 (not shown) is fixed adjacent to the X.
  • an X-direction screw mount 500 mounted on the left and right sides of the first drive mounting portion.
  • the first drive motor 497 is mounted on the left side of the X-direction screw mount 500, and the end of the X-direction lead screw 498 away from the first drive motor 497 passes through the left side of the X-direction screw mount 500, the first lead nut A 499 (not shown), X-slide 490 is mounted on the X-axis screw mount 500 on the right side.
  • a table 489 is protruded from both ends of the X-direction screw 498.
  • the first drive mounting portion is disposed between the X forward rail and the X rearward rail, and the X-direction screw 498 is located between the two X-direction linear slide rails.
  • the distance from the X-direction screw 498 to the X-rear rail is greater than 20% of the distance between the X forward rail and the X-rear rail, and is less than 50% of the distance between the X forward rail and the X-rear rail;
  • X-direction screw The projection of the 498 on the horizontal plane is located between the X rearward rail and the table 489.
  • a Y-direction slide 501 is provided, and a Y-left guide rail and a Y-right guide rail are provided between the X-direction slide 490 and the Y-direction slide 501.
  • a second drive that drives the Y-slide 501 back and forth is also included.
  • the second driving device includes a second driving motor 502, and a Y-direction screw that drives Y to move back and forth to the carriage 501, and is parallel to the Y-left rail and the Y-right rail, and the motor shaft of the second driving motor 502. 503, a second lead nut (not shown) that mates with the Y-direction screw 503.
  • the Y-direction slide 501 includes a Y-direction slide plate 504, and two concentric annular upper convex portions 505, an annular upper convex portion 506, and an X-direction angular guide mounting portion 507 which are vertically extended from the Y-direction slide plate 504.
  • the two sides of the upper convex portion 505 are coplanar.
  • the lower convex portion 509 and the upper convex portion 505 are symmetrical with respect to the horizontal plane of the center position thereof.
  • the Y-direction slide plate 504 has an upper convex portion 505 and an upper convex portion 505 protruding from the periphery.
  • a second lead nut (not shown) is fixed to the projection 508.
  • a first X-direction linear angular guide rail rail 510 is mounted on the front side of the X-angle rail mounting portion 507, and a sliding line with the first X-direction linear guide rail is mounted on the rear side of the X-direction carriage 490.
  • the second X-direction linear angle of the rail track 510 is coupled to the rail slide rail 511, and the second X-direction linear angle rail guide rail 511 is provided with a guide for engaging the first X-direction linear angle rail rail rail 510.
  • Slot 512 is provided with a guide for engaging the first X-direction linear angle rail rail rail 510.
  • the Y-left rail and the Y-right rail are slide rails; and the first Y-direction linear slide rail 513 provided with balls is directly fixed to the bottom of the square cavity 491 of the X-direction carriage 490, and is fixed to the Y-direction slide plate.
  • a second Y-direction linear guide rail 514 that matches the bottom surface of the 504 with the first Y-direction linear slide rail 513 is provided with a guide groove 515 that engages with the first Y-direction linear slide rail 513 on the second Y-direction linear guide rail 514.
  • the second drive motor 502 is mounted on the front side of the X-direction carriage 490, and the end of the Y-direction screw 503 away from the second drive motor 502 passes through the X-direction front side of the carriage 490, and the second screw nut (not shown) It is mounted on the rear side away from the X-direction carriage 490.
  • the Y-direction screw 503 is located between the two Y-direction linear slide rails.
  • the spindle device includes a cymbal guide rod 516 with a central circular through hole that can move up and down, an end cover 517, a fixed seat 518, a first swing seat 527, a rotating shaft 530, and two sides mounted on the side of the upper convex portion 505 and the lower convex portion 509. a first meandering linear rail track 519 that extends up through the sliding deck 504, and a second lateral linear rail track 520 that cooperates with the first lateral linear rail track 519 to drive the mast 516 up and down.
  • a guide groove 521 that cooperates with the first slanting linear slide rail 519 is disposed on the second slanting linear slide rail 520.
  • a guide fixing portion 522 is symmetrically protruded from both sides of the guide rail 516, and the second radial straight rail rail 520 is fixed to the upper side of the guide fixing portion 522.
  • a motor fixing plate 523 is fixed to the upper convex portion 505 and the upper convex portion 506.
  • the slewing drive includes a third drive motor 524, a drive screw 525 that drives the ram guide 516 to move up and down, and a third screw nut 526.
  • the mount 518 is attached to the bottom end face of the ⁇ guide 516.
  • the first seat 527 is U-shaped.
  • the spindle drive unit includes a first rotor 528 and a first stator 529 mounted on the lower end of the mount 518 for driving the rotation of the first swing seat 527.
  • the shaft 530 is fixed to the top of the first seat 527 and mounted in the first rotor 528.
  • a second rotor 531 and a second stator 532 are mounted on one side of the U-shaped projection of the first seat 527.
  • the main machining head 534 of the main machining head 533 is mounted in the U-shaped groove of the first pendulum 527, and the other shaft 536 is mounted in the second rotor 531.
  • the second main support portion includes a door frame-shaped support frame 550, and a door frame-shaped rear rail mounting portion extending horizontally forward from the front side surface of the support frame 550. 551. Also included is a door frame-shaped first driving device mounting portion 552 extending from the front side surface of the rear rail mounting portion 551. The left side and the right side of the support frame 550, the rear rail mounting portion 551, and the first driving device mounting portion 552 are connected together.
  • the first main support portion includes a door frame-shaped support frame 553, and a door frame-shaped front rail mounting portion 554 extending from the rear side surface of the support frame 553.
  • the left and right sides of the support frame 553 and the front rail mounting portion 554 are connected together.
  • the inner side surfaces of the support frame 550, the rear rail mounting portion 551, and the first driving device mounting portion 552 are flush, and the base 555 protrudes directly below to form a storage chamber 556 for discharging a gas cabinet or the like, and the storage chamber 556 is located in the X-direction wire.
  • the rods 557, X are directly below the rear rail 558.
  • the chucking workpiece device includes a first chuck mechanism 570 and a first tailstock mechanism 571 which are mounted on the left and right sides of the main body frame.
  • a connection portion 590 is connected to the left side of the first drive unit mounting portion 588 and the front rail mounting portion 589, and a connection portion 591 is connected to the right side.
  • a third mounting seat 572 is provided on the left side of the main body frame, and is connected to the connecting portion 590, the lower portion is connected to the base 586, the front side is connected to the front rail mounting portion, and the rear side is connected to the first driving device mounting portion.
  • the right side of the right side is provided with a fourth mounting seat 573 which is connected to the connecting portion at the upper side, connected to the base at the lower side, connected to the front rail mounting portion at the front side, and connected to the first driving device mounting portion at the rear side.
  • the third mount 572 and the fourth mount 573 are integrally formed with the main body frame.
  • a first circular through hole 574 for mounting the first chuck mechanism 570 in the horizontal direction is disposed on the third mounting base 572, and a first tailstock mechanism 571 is disposed on the fourth mounting base 573, which is the same as the first circular through hole 574.
  • a second circular through hole 575 of the shaft is provided with a fourth mounting seat 573 which is connected to the connecting portion at the upper side, connected to the base at the lower side, connected to the front rail mounting portion at the front side, and connected to the first driving device mounting portion at the rear side.
  • the third mount 572 and the fourth mount 573 are integrally formed with the main body frame.
  • the first chuck mechanism 570 is a common chuck mechanism that can be automatically rotated and automatically opened and closed on a numerical control device.
  • a mounting boss 576 extends from a surface of the fourth mount 573 facing away from the third mount 572, and a second circular through hole 575 extends through the mounting boss 576.
  • the first tailstock mechanism 571 includes a tip 577, a screw 578 fixed to the tip 577, a mounting post 579 fixed to a surface of the mounting boss 576 facing away from the third mounting seat 572, and a mounting bracket 580 fixed to the mounting post 579.
  • the screw 578 is coupled to the motor shaft of the top drive motor 581 through the mount 580.
  • a threaded through hole that cooperates with the rotation preventing screw 587 is provided on the mounting boss 576, and an axial rotation preventing groove 583 is provided on the tip end 577.
  • the rotation stop screw 587 extends through the threaded through hole into the rotation stop groove 583.
  • a milling cutter is mounted on the main machining head. When you need a car, you can also change the milling cutter into a turning tool.
  • the first sliding seat 601 is disposed between the rear side of the second main supporting portion 600 and the front side of the first sliding seat 601, and is disposed adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the first sliding seat 601, and is provided with a first upper rail and a first lower portion.
  • a first slide 601 driving device that drives the first sliding seat 601 to move back and forth;
  • the first driving device includes a first driving motor 602, a first screw 603, and a first wire fixed on the first sliding seat 601 Rod nut (not shown).
  • a screw mounting portion 605 and a screw mounting portion 606 are protruded, and the first driving motor 602 is mounted on the screw rod.
  • one end of the first screw 603 remote from the first motor passes through the screw mounting protrusion 605, the first screw nut, and the first slider 601, and is mounted on the screw mounting protrusion 606.
  • the structure of the spindle unit, etc., rotated 90° from top to left is identical.
  • a rib 610 is disposed, and the first slat angle is mounted on the rib 610 to the first linear slide rail 611 on the bottom surface of the first slide 601.
  • a first carriage 601 having a guide groove provided with the first carriage angle toward the first linear rail track 611 is mounted to the second linear slide rail (not shown).
  • a table 612 is fixed to the base 604.
  • a rotary table 621 is attached to the base 620.
  • a numerically controlled machine tool is different from the embodiment 13 in that a connection portion 632 is connected between the door frame-shaped support frame 630 of the second main support portion and the first main support portion including the door frame-shaped support frame 631.
  • the top surface of the connecting portion 632 is lower than the top surface of the support frame 630, and is flush with the top surface of the support frame 631, and is higher than the rail mounting surface of the front rail mounting portion 633 and the rear rail mounting portion 634.
  • a connecting rib 643 parallel to the base is connected between the third driving device mounting portion 640 and the front rail mounting portion 641 at a position close to the base 642.
  • the top surface is lower than the top surface of the third driving device mounting portion 640, and the upper middle portion of the main support frame is disconnected.
  • the table 644 is near the connecting rib 643 on the left side.
  • the X-direction slide 651 is U-shaped, and the X-direction slide 651 is provided with a mounting convex portion (not shown) downward, and the left side of the mounting convex portion.
  • the face is flush with the U-shaped bottom plane 652 of the X-slide.
  • a Y-direction guide rail is disposed between the X-direction slide 651 and the Y-direction slide 653.
  • the Y-direction guide rail is a slide rail, and includes two first Y-direction linear slide rails 654 fixed on the same plane of the U-shaped bottom plane of the X-direction slide 651 and the mounting protrusions thereof and located on the same vertical plane, fixed at The Y-direction slide 653 faces the surface of the X-direction slide 651 and the second Y-direction linear slide rail 655 that is engaged with the first Y-direction linear slide rail 654.
  • the Y-direction screw nut 656 is mounted on the Y-direction slide 653.
  • a Y-direction screw mounting seat 657 and a Y-direction screw mounting seat 658 are respectively mounted on the front and rear sides, and the second driving motor 656 is mounted on the Y-direction screw mounting seat 65.
  • one end of the Y-direction screw 335 away from the second drive motor passes through the Y-direction screw mount 657, the Y-direction screw nut 656, and the Y-direction lead screw mounted away from the second drive motor 656. Block 658.
  • a spindle unit 659 is fixed to the side of the Y-direction carriage 653 facing away from the X-direction carriage 651.
  • the structure of the spindle device is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.
  • the base 670 protrudes from the first main support portion 671 and the second main support portion 672 on both sides.
  • a table 673 and a table 674 are disposed on the base 670 on the same straight line.
  • a table driving mechanism that drives two worktables to intermittently reciprocate linear motion.
  • the table 673 and the table 674 are of a unitary structure.
  • the table drive mechanism includes a motor 675 mounted laterally within the base 670, a gear 676 mounted in the base 670 by a motor 675, and a rack 677 disposed on the table 673 and the bottom surface of the table 674 to engage the gears.
  • a table 673 and a positioning mechanism 679 of the table 674 driven by the cylinder 678 are also mounted on the side of the base 670.
  • the base 670 protrudes only the first main support portion 671 and the second main support portion 672 on the right side.
  • a first table 673, a second table 674, and a first table driving mechanism for driving the first table intermittently reciprocating linear motion, and a second device for intermittently reciprocating linear motion of the second table are mounted on the base 670.
  • the bottom surface of the first stage 673 is higher than the top surface of the second stage 674.
  • the first stage drive mechanism, the second stage drive mechanism, the first stage positioning mechanism, and the second stage positioning mechanism are the same as those of the embodiment 24.
  • the first main support portion 680 and the second column support 681 are only a little higher than the bottom seat 682.
  • the X-direction slide 683 is H-shaped.
  • the X-direction screw 684 is installed at an intermediate position between the first main support portion 680 and the second main support portion 681.
  • the X-direction slide 683, the X-direction guide rail, the Y-direction slide 684, the Y-direction guide rail, the spindle device 685, and the embodiment 22 are only in the shape difference, and the mounting relationship is completely the same, and therefore will not be described in detail.
  • the Y-slide drive unit is a linear motor unit including a long linear motor stator 701 and a block-shaped first linear motor. Sub 702. A groove 703 on which the first linear motor stator 701 is mounted is disposed on the top surface of the first rear rail mounting portion 703, and the first linear motor stator 701 is fixed in the recess 703. The first linear motor mover 702 is fixed to the bottom surface of the Y-direction slide plate 708.
  • the Y-slide drive unit is a linear motor unit including a pair of elongated second linear motor stators 705 and a block-shaped second linear motor mover 706.
  • a recess 707 is provided at the bottom of the cavity 706.
  • the second linear motor stator 705 is fixed in the recess 707.
  • the second linear motor mover 706 is fixed to the bottom surface of the Y-direction slide plate 708.
  • the third driving device is a linear motor group including a third linear motor stator 709 and a third linear motor mover 710 that cooperate with each other.
  • An axial groove 712 is formed in the through hole of the Y-direction slide 704 and engaged with the Z-guide rod 711.
  • the groove 712 extends through the upper convex portion 713, the Y-direction sliding plate 708, and the lower convex portion 714.
  • a mover mounting plane 715 that cooperates with the recess 712 is provided on the Z guide 711.
  • the third linear motor stator 709 is mounted in the recess 712, and the third linear motor mover 710 is mounted on the mover mounting plane 715.
  • the clamping workpiece device is a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the third mounting seat and a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the fourth mounting seat.
  • the clamping workpiece device is a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the third mounting seat and a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the fourth mounting seat.
  • the main body frame is an artificial stone or a resin synthetic stone which can also be integrally formed.
  • the tailstock mount of the tailstock and the chuck mount of the mounting chuck can also be embedded in the side of the main frame when forming the main support frame. Since these technical solutions are completely implementable according to the embodiments of the present specification, they will not be discussed in detail.
  • a cutter chuck may be provided on the main processing head, or the main processing head may be a paint head or a welding torch or a laser gun or a plasma cutting gun or a screw gun or a gas torch.
  • the milling cutter is mounted on the tool chuck, the milling function can be realized; when the grinding wheel is mounted on the tool chuck, the grinding function can be realized; when the file is mounted on the tool chuck The function of the boring can be realized; when the drill bit is mounted on the cutter chuck, the drilling function can be realized; when the main processing head is the spray head, the spraying function can be realized; when the main processing head is the welding gun, it can be realized The function of welding; when the main processing head is a laser gun, the function of laser cutting and laser welding can be realized; when the main processing head is a plasma cutting gun, the function of plasma cutting can be realized; when the main processing head is a screw gun, screw can be installed The function. Since the structure of the main processing head can adopt the existing structure, it will not be described one by

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Abstract

一种数控设备,包括主体框架和装夹工件装置。主体框架包括底座(480)、设置在底座相对两侧并与底座安装在一起的第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部。第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部包括中上部分开的第一侧。主体框架还包括驱动X向滑座(490)来回运动的第一驱动装置、与第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部连接的第一驱动装置安装部。第一驱动装置安装部置于X向前导轨和X向后导轨之间。第一驱动装置包括驱动X向滑座来回运动、与X向前导轨和X向后导轨平行的一根X向丝杆(498)或一组X向直线电机(497)。主体框架还包括Y向滑座(501)和驱动Y向滑座来回运动的第二驱动装置,还设有安装在Y向滑座上的主轴装置,主轴装置包括可上下运动的Z向导杆(516)、驱动Z向导杆上下运动的第三驱动装置、设置在Z向导杆下方的主加工头(533)。

Description

一种数控设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种数控设备, 特别是涉及一种主加工头数控机床、 数控喷漆设备、 数控 焊接设备、 数控激光切割设备、 数控激光焊接设备、 数控等离子切割设备、 数控装螺丝设 备、 数控气割设备等。
背景技术
现有的数控设备, 一种是工作台运动。 如申请号为 201010284237.9 的发明专利中, 公开了一种数控龙门立式复合机床, 包括底座、 工作台、 立柱, 立柱通过立柱导轨活动连 接或者通过紧固件固定连接有复合横梁,复合横梁通过横梁导轨活动连接或者通过紧固件 固定连接有两个以上的滑鞍, 滑鞍通过滑枕导轨活动连接有主轴装置; 底座、 立柱、 复合 横梁、 主轴装置上设有丝杆驱动装置, 丝杆驱动装置都连接电气数控装置。
一种是龙门架运动。这种结构的数控设备, 一种方式是驱动龙门架来回运动的驱动机 构需包括二根 X向丝杆或 X向同步带等和二个动力源, 需两个同步运动的电机驱动龙门 架, 因两个同步运动的电机很难实现完全同步运动、 或其中一个电机出现速度变慢或变快 造成 X向滑座运动不平衡产生扭力、 使 X向滑座偏移 X方向运动、 导致 X向滑座运动时 稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不畅的问题。 一种方式是 X向丝杆或 X向同步带位于龙门 架的一侧,驱动力完全偏向一边,造成龙门架运动不平衡产生扭力使龙门架偏移 Y方向运 动、 导致 Y向滑座运动时稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不畅、 运动不能太快, 不能适应 X 向前导轨、 X向后导轨大间距的大机床。
上述现有技术主轴的运动需要底座运动或龙门架运动来实现, 需要运动的装夹工件 的底座和工件的重量或龙门架的重量比主轴装置及其承载装置的重量重很多, 因此大大浪 费加工工件时的能源, 增加设备运动件的惯性, 降低设备的进给精度和工件加工精度, 降 低了 Y向的移动速度和加工效率,增加了设备运动件和导轨之间的磨损。由于底座导轨或 龙门架导轨安装在装夹工件装置的下方,这样从工件上加工下来的铁屑等容易进入到导轨 内。
申请号为 201010155118.3的发明专利中, 公开了一种数控加工中心, 包括用于装卡 工件的工作台, 工作台上设置有横向立柱, 横向立柱上安装有十字滑座, 十字滑座的上端 连接有 Y轴丝杆, 十字滑座的下端连接有 X轴丝杆, Y轴丝杆的上部设有可延垂直滑枕 上下运动的纵向立柱, 纵向立柱上连接有 Z轴丝杆, 垂直滑枕下端连接带有刀具的主轴。 该发明的动柱型数控加工中心, 由于安装主轴的纵向立柱仅一边被支撑, 导致主轴运动时 稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不畅、 运动不能太快。
现有的还有一种数控设备, X丝杆的一端安装在主体框架上,另一端安装在 X滑座上, 一方面这种数控设备 X向丝杆的运动容易与 Y向滑座的运动干涉, 另一方面 X向丝杆会 随 X滑座运动一点摆动, 大大影响精度。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种 X向只需一个驱动、工件可吊装到工件装夹装置 的数控设备。
一种数控设备, 包括主体框架、 装夹工件装置, 主体框架包括底座、 设置在底座相对 两侧并与底座安装在一起的第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部; 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部和 第二主支撑部包括中上部分开的第一侧; 还包括 X向滑座, 在第一主支撑部上、并靠近第 一主支撑部的顶部设有 X向前导轨支撑部, 在 X向前导轨支撑部和 X向滑座间设有相互 配合的 X向前导轨, 在第二主支撑部上、 并靠近第二主支撑部的顶部设有 X向后导轨支 撑部, 在 X向后导轨支撑部和 X向滑座间设有相互配合的 X向后导轨; 还包括驱动 X向 滑座来回运动的第一驱动装置,与第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部连接的第一驱动装置安装 部, 第一驱动装置安装部置于 X 向前导轨、 X 向后导轨之间; 第一驱动装置包括驱动 X 向滑座来回运动、与 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨平行的一根 X向丝杆或一组 X向直线电机, 向丝杆穿过 向滑座、 两端凸出工作台、 两端安装在第一驱动装置安装部上的或 向直 线电机定子两端凸出工作台、固定在第一驱动装置安装部; X向丝杆或 X向直线电机在水 平面上的投影位于 X向后导轨和工作台之间或 X向前导轨和工作台之间; X向滑座置于 远离第一侧的最末端位置时, X向滑座在工作台上的投影不超出工作台的一半; 还包括 Y 向滑座, 在 X向滑座和 Y向滑座间设有相互配合的 Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨; 还包 括驱动 Y向滑座来回运动的第二驱动装置; 第二驱动装置包括驱动 Y向滑座来回运动、 与 Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨平行的一根 Y向丝杆或一组 Y向直线电机, Y向丝杆或 Y向直线电机位于 Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨之间; 还设有安装在 Y向滑座上的主轴 装置, 主轴装置包括可上下运动的 z向导杆、驱动 Z向导杆上下运动的第三驱动装置, 设 置在 z向导杆下方的主加工头。
作为方案一的改进,第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧和右侧仅通过底座连接在一 起。 便于将工件吊装进入数控设备将工件装夹到工作台上。
作为方案一的改进,第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧和右侧中的一侧仅通过底座 连接在一起, 另一侧连接有第一连接部。 一方面便于将工件吊装进入数控设备将工件装夹 到工作台上, 另一方面增加主体框架的刚性, 使主体框架不易变形。
作为方案一的改进, 在第二主支撑部上设有开口朝向水平方向的方形闭环结构; 在第 二主支撑部上还设有侧加工头、使侧加工头三轴以上联动的侧加工头运动机构; 工作台包 括设置在底座上的固定工作台或旋转工作台。在第二主支撑部设有侧加工头, 主加工头和 侧加工头置于不同角度,可以实现不需要重新装夹工件而选择不同的工具对工件不同形位 不同加工方式进行加工。
作为改进, 使侧加工头三轴以上联动的侧加工头运动机构包括:
侧加工头运动机构包括: 第一滑座, 在第二主支撑部和第一滑座间、 靠近第一滑座的两侧 设有相互配合的第一导轨; 驱动第一滑座来回运动的第一滑座驱动装置; 第一驱动装置包 括驱动第一滑座来回运动、安装在第一导轨间与第一导轨平行的一根第一丝杆或一组第一 直线电机, 第一丝杆穿过第一滑座两端安装在主体框架的第一驱动装置安装部上或第一 直线电机定子固定在主体框架的第一驱动装置安装部上; 还包括第二滑座, 在第一滑座和 第二滑座间、靠近第二滑座的两侧设有相互配合的第二导轨, 驱动第二滑座来回运动的第 二滑座驱动装置; 还设有安装在第二滑座上的侧向主轴装置, 侧向主轴装置包括导杆、 驱 动导杆水平方向运动的导杆驱动装置; 在导杆端部设有加工头。
作为方案一的改进,第一导轨靠近后主体框架的顶部和底部;在靠近主体框架的底部、 垂直主体框架的后侧面向外凸设有角向导轨支撑部;在第一滑座下侧面与角向导轨支撑部 之间还设有与第一导轨平行的第一滑座角向导轨。第一滑座角向导轨, 可克服因第一丝杆 或第一直线电机侧偏产生的滑座侧向力, 保证第一滑座平稳运动。
作为方案一的改进, 在第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的一侧连接有第一连接部, 另一 侧连接有第二连接部; 第一连接部的顶面与工作台的顶面齐平或低于工作台的顶面, 第二 连接部的顶面高于工作台的顶面。这样一方面保证主体框架的刚性,使主体框架不易变形, 另一方面便于将工件吊装进入数控设备内将工件装夹到工作台上。
作为方案一的改进, Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨安装在 X向滑座和 Y向滑座相对 的两个侧面上并置于同一竖直面上, 导轨面与 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨的导轨面垂直; 主轴装置安装在 Y向滑座背离 Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨的侧面上。
这种结构大大减少 Y向滑座的体积和重量, 使驱动 Y向滑座的力大大减少, 降低 Y向滑 座的运动关系, 提高 Y向滑座的运动精度。
作为方案一的改进, X向滑座为 U形或 H形, Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨的直线 导轨轨道安装在 X向滑座的 U形或 H形竖向平面上。 X向滑座为 U形或 H形, 可以大大 减少 X向滑座和 Y向滑座的重量和体积。
作为方案一的改进,第一驱动装置包括驱动 X向滑座来回运动的一组 X向直线电机, X向直线电机定子固定在第一驱动装置安装部的顶部平面上, X向直线电机动子固定在 X 向滑座的底部平面上。 采用直线电机驱动, 结构简单, 安装方便, 精度高。
作为方案一的改进, 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部仅通过底座连接在一起; 在底座上 安装有位于同一直线上的两个以上工作台和驱动两个以上的工作台间歇往复直线运动的 工作台驱动机构。 设有两个以上的工作台, 一方面可以在加工一个工作台上的工件时, 对 另一个工作台上的工件进行装夹和拆卸, 提高工作效率; 还有工作台可以运动凸出第一主 支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧或右侧, 便于装夹和拆卸工件。
作为方案一的改进, 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部仅通过底座连接在一起; 在底座上 安装有位于不同高度的第一工作台和第二工作台,和驱动第一工作台间歇往复直线运动的 第一工作台驱动机构、驱动第二工作台间歇往复直线运动的第二工作台驱动机构; 第一工 作台的底面高于第二工作台的顶面。设有两个以上的工作台, 一方面可以在加工一个工作 台上的工件时, 对另一个工作台上的工件进行装夹和拆卸, 提高工作效率; 还有工作台可 以运动凸出第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧或右侧, 便于装夹和拆卸工件。
作为方案一的改进, 第一驱动装置包括一个驱动第一丝杆螺母转动地第一驱动电机, 一根所述的 X向丝杆,与 X向丝杆配合的第一丝杆螺母; 第一驱动电机固定在 X向滑座, 第一丝杆螺母可转动地安装在 X向滑座上。
X向滑座采用丝杆、丝杆螺母驱动, 结构简单, 位移精度高。丝杆不转动, 丝杆螺母转动, 避免了长丝杆转动易变形等诸多弊病, 使机床传动精度更高。
作为方案一的改进, 在设有第一驱动装置安装部的一侧设有储物腔, 储物腔位于同侧 的 X向丝杆、 X向导轨的正下方。 这样可以利用 X向丝杆、 X向导轨的正下方的空间位 置来安装电气设备或零部件等, 充分利用机床的空间, 使数控设备看起来更美观, 使得机 床在保证 Y向行程的同时, 让 X向丝杆安装在第一驱动装置安装部上且 X向丝杆到靠近 第一驱动装置安装部的 X向导轨距离给接近 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 50%, 对更好的驱动 X向滑座来回运动起到良好作用, 又提高了机床的整体刚性。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进,在第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部左侧连接有第一连接 部, 在第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部右侧连接有第二连接部, 第一连接部和 /或第二连接 部的顶面低于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨的底面, 装夹工件装置包括分别安装在第一连接 部和第二连接部上的卡盘和尾座、 和 /或分别安装在第一连接部和第二连接部上的两个卡 盘、 和 /或安装在第一连接部或第二连接部上的一个卡盘。 主支撑架采用一体成型的人造 石或树脂合成石或水泥混凝土主体框架, 成本低, 由于是常温成形, 热膨胀系数小, 内应 力很小可以忽略不计, 所以成形的设备框架结构变形小, 特别是可以象建造房屋一样浇注 非常大型的主体框架。 在浇注成型底座、 主支撑部、 主支撑架时将卡盘固定座和尾座固定 座嵌入主体框架, 解决了水泥无法用于机加工的问题, 便于将卡盘和尾座的安装, 保证卡 盘和尾座的安装精度。浇注定型后再加工导轨支撑条或直线硬轨轨道或直线滑动轨道或卡 盘固定座和尾座固定座或工作台或工作台支撑块至达到形位公差精度要求。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, z 向导杆与转轴配合的孔为上大下小的阶梯孔, 在转 轴的上端设有径向的凸出部,在阶梯孔的大孔内安装有与转轴的凸出部的底面接触的下轴 承和与转轴的凸出部的顶面接触的上轴承; 下轴承支撑在阶梯孔上, 转轴通过上轴承、 下 轴承与 Z向导杆配合。转轴的凸出部与上轴承、 下轴承配合的结构, 使 z向导杆、转轴易 加工、 易安装, 易保证精度。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, z 向导杆与转轴配合的孔为上大下小的阶梯孔, 在转 轴的两端设有小轴, 在阶梯孔的大孔内安装有与转轴的下端小轴和配合的下轴承、 与转轴 的上端小轴配合的上轴承; 下轴承安装在阶梯孔的最小孔的底面上, 转轴通过上轴承、 下 轴承与 Z向导杆配合。转轴两端的小轴与上轴承、 下轴承配合的结构, 使 z向导杆、转轴 易加工、 易安装, 易保证精度。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 在主轴装置上还设有冷却流道。冷却流道带走主轴装 置上的热量, 减少主轴装置的 z向导杆、 转轴等过热变形。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 转轴驱动装置包括安装在转轴的外周的第一转子, 安 装在 z向导杆内与第一转子配合的第一定子。 采用第一定子和第一转子配合来驱动转轴, 结构简单, 安装方便。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, z向导杆仅可上下运动地与 Y向滑座安装在一起, 在 z向导杆内设有转轴或主轴; 在转轴或主轴外周设有导电环, 在转轴或主轴内设有与导电 环连通的电线容置槽或电线容置孔, 在电线容置槽或电线容置孔内容置有电线, 电线的一 端与导电环电连接, 另一端与安装在转轴或主轴上的电机电连接; 导电环与电连接外部电 源的电刷摩擦电连接, 电刷与 z向导杆固定。使用电刷如碳刷或石墨电刷和导电环摩擦电 连接, 在 Z向导杆连续 360° 转动时, 可防止与转动的 Z向导杆固定的电机电线缠绕, 且 结构简单。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 摆轴驱动装置包括安装在摆座内的第二定子, 安装在 第二定子内的第二转子; 摆轴同轴安装在第二转子内, 所述的主加工头的主加工头座固定 在摆轴上或与摆轴一体成型;所述的电线容置孔或电线容置槽内的电线远离导电环的一端 与第二定子电连接。 摆轴的驱动通过第二定子和第二转子的配合来实现, 结构简单, 安装 方便, 减少安装空间。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 在 Z向导杆的顶部固定有 Z向丝杆螺母安装板, Z 向丝杆螺母固定在 Z向丝杆螺母安装板中心, Z向驱动电机、 Z向丝杆螺母与 Z向导杆同 轴; 转轴驱动装置安装在 Z向导杆内, 使主加工头上下运动时运动平衡, 稳定性好。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 转轴驱动装置包括空心电机, 空心电机与 Z向导杆固 定, 转轴的上端与空心电机的的电机轴连接, 便于 z向丝杆上下运动时可伸入空心电机、 z向导杆、 转轴等, 可以縮短主轴装置的整体长度, 提高主轴装置的刚性, 降低成本。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 所述的支撑部为与 z向导杆配合的管状的上导套; 在 滑座的下方还设有与 Z向导杆配合的管状的下导套; 在上导套、 滑座、 下导套内设有与 Z 向导杆配合地贯通的导向孔, z 向导杆可上下运动地安装在导向孔内, 电机安装板密封 上导套的导向孔的顶部。在滑座的下方和上方均设有导套, 增加 z向导杆的导向长度, 提 高 Z向导杆的导向效果。电机安装板密封上导套的导向孔的顶部,灰尘不易进入 z向导杆 和导套之间的间隙, 进一步提高导向效果, 减少因灰尘进入导向间隙的磨损。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 摆轴驱动装置包括驱动电机; 摆轴与驱动电机的电机 轴连接, 摆轴远离驱动电机的一端穿过摆座与主加工头座连接在一起。摆轴直接通过驱动 装置电机驱动, 结构简单, 成本低。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 在 z向导杆的下端还固定有固定座; 转轴驱动装置包 括安装在固定座下端的第一定子, 安装在第一定子的第一转子, 转轴仅可转动地安装在第 一转子内, 结构简单, 转轴的长度短, 不易变形。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 在滑座内固定有两条第一 z 向直线导轨轨道, 在 Z 向导杆的两侧对称凸设有 Z向导向固定部,在 Z向导向固定部上均固定有与相应的第一 Z 向直线导轨轨道配合的第二 z向直线导轨轨道。 通过第一 Z向直线导轨轨道和第二 Z向 直线导轨轨道配合 Z向导向, 导向效果好, Z向导杆不需要再设计止转结构。 特别是当第 一 z向直线导轨轨道和第二 Z向直线导轨轨道磨损后, 只需更换第一 Z向直线导轨轨道 和第二 Z向直线导轨轨道即可, 不需更换 Z向导杆。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, z向导杆的导向部分为圆柱形; 在 Z向导杆上设有止 转槽, 在滑座上设有与 z向导杆配合的 Z向导套, 在 Z向导套与 Z向导杆间设有防止 Z 向导杆沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构。用止转结构来防止 z向导杆转动,结构简单, 各个零件的设计方便。 作为改进, 止转结构包括止转块, 在 z向导套的侧面上设有容置止转块的水平方向的 容置通孔, 在容置通孔朝向 z向导套外侧的一端设有抵挡件, 在止转块和抵挡件间设有弹 簧;在 Z向导杆的侧面上设有与止转块配合的止转槽,止转块凸出与 Z向导杆配合的导向 孔伸入止转槽内。 将止转结构安装在 z向导套内, 结构简单, 安装方便。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, z向导杆仅可上下运动地与滑座安装在一起; Z向丝 杆螺母固定在 Z向导杆上;还设有防止 Z向导杆沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构;止 转结构包括第三止转块, 在 z向导杆上设有容置第三止转块的容置部, 在第三止转块和 Z 向导杆间设有第三弹簧;第三止转块凸出 Z向导杆的外周,在与 Z向导杆配合的导向孔内 设有与第三止转块配合的止转槽。 通过止转块止转, 结构简单, 由于弹簧有缓冲作用, 可 很好的保证 z向导杆不会转动地做顺畅的 Z向导杆上下运动。
作为改进, 所述的容置部为设置在 z向导杆侧面上的盲孔, 第三弹簧安装在盲孔的底 面与第三止转块之间; 第三止转块远离弹簧的一侧凸出 z向导杆的外周与止转槽配合。止 转结构安装在 z向导杆侧面上的盲孔内, 结构简单。
作为改进,容置槽设置在 z向导杆的顶部并与 Z向导杆的侧面连通;止转结构还包括 安装在第四止转块、 端盖, 第三弹簧安装在第三止转块、 第四止转块之间设有第三弹簧, 端盖将第三止转块、 第四止转块限制在 Z 向导杆上设定范围内移动; 第三止转块凸出 Z 向导杆的外周与止转槽配合。 止转结构安装在 z向导杆顶部的容置槽内, 安装方便。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 滑座向上设有的支撑部为与 z向导杆配合的上导套, 在滑座上还向下设有下导套; 电机安装板密封上导套的导向孔的顶部; Z向导杆、 Z向驱 动装置安装在 Z向导套内; 在导套内设有导向镶块, 转轴与导向镶块配合。转轴与导向镶 块配合, 减少摩擦力, 减少导向摩擦接触面, 减少摩擦产生的热量, 同时易于热量从下导 套、 导向镶块、 转轴之间的间隙排出去, 减少转轴的变形。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进,在靠近 X向丝杆一侧、 X向滑座的前侧面或后侧面与 主支撑架之间还设有侧向安装的 X向滑座角向导轨, X向滑座角向导轨与 X向导轨的安 装角度垂直。 X向滑座角向导轨, 可克服因 X向丝杆侧偏产生的滑座侧向力, 保证滑座平 稳运动。
作为方案一至十四的共同改进, 第一驱动装置为一组直线电机, 包括第一直线电机定 子和第一直线电机动子, 第一直线电机定子为长条状, 其长度与 X向导轨的长度相配合, 第一直线电机定子固定在第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部上,第一直线电机动子固定在 X向 滑座的底部.
这种直线电机, 结构非常简单, 安装非常方便, 传动精度高。
本发明的有益效果是: 主支撑架包括与第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部连接的第一驱 动装置安装部, 第一驱动装置安装部置于 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨之间, 第一方面可以实 现 X向丝杆的刚性固定, 保证驱动 X向滑座运动时的平稳和位移高精度, 第二方面可以 将支撑 X向滑座和 X向丝杆的支撑力较均匀的传递到底座上, 因此对 X向滑座和 X向丝 杆有很好的承载作用, 刚性好, 非常有利于加工头从上方朝下对工件进行加工, 第三方面 可以实现 X向丝杆位于 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨之间, 从而可以实现只需一根 X向丝杆 和一个动力源驱动 X向滑座运动,还有导轨安装位的加工基准一致,保证了导轨的形位精 度。 驱动 X向滑座来回运动只需一根 X向丝杆和一个动力源, 可以克服在 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨的位置安装两个同步运动的电机驱动 X向滑座、因两个同步运动的电机很难实 现完全同步运动、 或其中一个电机出现速度变慢或变快造成 X 向滑座运动不平衡产生扭 力、 使 X向滑座偏移 X方向运动、 导致 X向滑座运动时稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不 畅的问题。 X向丝杆位于 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨之间,还可以克服仅在 X向前导轨或 X 向后导轨的位置安装一个驱动装置驱动 X向滑座、 因驱动力完全偏向一边造成 X向滑座 运动不平衡产生扭力使 X向滑座偏移 X方向运动、 导致 X向滑座运动时稳定性不好、 定 位不准、 运动不畅、 运动不能太快, 不能适应 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨大间距的大机床。 由于主加工头可以实现 X向、 Y向、 Z向的运动, 因此装夹工件装置如装夹工件的工作台 可不再需要 X向、 Y向、 z向的运动, 一方面由于主加工头及其承载装置 X和 Y滑座的 重量相对于传统的需要运动的装夹工件的工作台和工件的重量总和会轻很多,还可采用密 度低强度高的材料制造, 因此可以大大节省加工工件时驱动工作台运动的能源, 同时减少 设备运动件的惯性, 从而可大大提高运动部件的位移灵敏度和工件加工精度、 提高 X向、 Y向的移动速度、 提高加工效率、 大大减少设备运动部件和导轨之间的磨损; 另一方面可 实现多个装夹工件的工作台来回往复间歇运动或间歇回转运动实现工件在不同位置之间 传送。 由于 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨、 Y向左导轨、 Y向右导轨、 Z向导杆均安装在装夹 工件装置的上方,这样从工件上加工下来的铁屑等基本上不需特别防护也不会进入到加工 头上方的导轨内, 一方面简化导轨结构, 另一方面大大提高导轨寿命。 本发明中第一主支 撑部和第二主支撑部包括中上部分开的第一侧, X 向滑座置于远离第一侧的最末端位置 时, X向滑座在工作台上的投影不超出工作台的一半, 这样便于将工件从第一侧吊装到工 作台上。本发明中第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部包括中上部分开的第一侧, 是指第一主支 撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧和 /或右侧的中上部是分开的。
附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例 1的立体示意图。
图 2是本发明实施例 1的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 3是本发明实施例 1的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置剖切的示意图。 图 4是沿图 3的 A-A位置剖切的示意图。
图 5是本发明实施例 2的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 6是本发明实施例 2的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置剖切的示意图。 图 7是沿图 6的 B-B位置剖切的示意图。
图 8是本发明实施例 3的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 9是本发明实施例 4的立体示意图。
图 10是本发明实施例 5的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 11是本发明实施例 6的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 12是本发明实施例 7的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 13是本发明实施例 8的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 14是本发明实施例 9的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体示意图。
图 15是本发明实施例 9的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 16是本发明实施例 9的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体示意图。
图 Π是本发明实施例 10的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置剖切的示意 图。
图 18是本发明实施例 11的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置剖切的示意 图。
图 19是本发明实施例 12的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置剖切的示意 图。
图 20是本发明实施例 13的立体示意图。
图 21是本发明实施例 13的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置的立体分解示意图。
图 22是本发明实施例 14的立体示意图。
图 23是本发明实施例 15的立体示意图。
图 24是本发明实施例 15的立体示意图。
图 25是本发明实施例 15的尾座机构立体分解示意图。
图 26是本发明实施例 16的立体示意图。
图 27是本发明实施例 17的立体示意图。
图 28是本发明实施例 18的立体示意图。 图 29是本发明实施例 19的立体示意图。
图 30是本发明实施例 20的立体示意图。
图 31是本发明实施例 21的立体示意图。
图 32是本发明实施例 21的工作台及其驱动装置、 定位装置的立体示意图。
图 33是本发明实施例 22体示意图。
图 34是本发明实施例 22工作台及其驱动装置、 定位装置的立体示意图。
图 35是本发明实施例 23立体示意图。
图 36是本发明实施例 24立体示分解意图。
具体实施方式
如图 1至图 4所示, 主体框架包括一体成型的底座 1、 靠近底座 1前后侧、 在底座 1 上设有前后贯通带倒角的第一主支撑部 2和第二主支撑部 3, 设置在底座 1左右两侧与第 二主支撑部 3连接的第一驱动装置安装部 4。 第二主支撑部 3沿顶部平面向前凸设、 第一 驱动装置安装部 4沿顶部平面向后凸设连接为一个整体。在第二主支撑部 3的巨型方框内 连接横向和纵向的加强筋 5。 在第二主支撑部 3和第一驱动装置安装部 4之间连接有横向 的加强筋 6。 第一主支撑部 2和第二主支撑部 3的后侧通过连接部 60连接在一起。 在第 一主支撑部 2、 连接部 60、 第二主支撑部 3之间连接有横向和竖向的加强筋 61。
在第一主支撑部上、 并靠近第一主支撑部的顶部设有 X向前导轨支撑部, 在 X向前 导轨支撑部和 X向滑座间设有相互配合的 X向前导轨, 在第二主支撑部上、 并靠近第二 主支撑部的顶部设有 X向后导轨支撑部, 在 X向后导轨支撑部和 X向滑座间设有相互配 合的 X向后导轨。 穿过 X向滑座、 两端凸出工作台、 两端安装在第一驱动装置安装部上 的 X向丝杆或两端凸出工作台、 固定在第一驱动装置安装部的 X向直线电机定子到与其 同侧的 X向导轨距离大于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 20%小于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 50% ; X向丝杆或 X向直线电机在水平面上的投影位于 X向后 导轨和工作台之间或 X 向前导轨和工作台之间; X 向滑座置于远离第一侧的最末端位置 时, X向滑座在工作台上的投影不超出工作台的一半。
还包括 X向滑座 7。在第一主支撑部 2和 X向滑座 7间设有相互配合的 X向前导轨, 在第二主支撑部 3和 X向滑座 7间设有相互配合的 X向前导轨 X向后导轨。 X向滑座 7 可沿 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨来回滑动。
X向滑座 7包括开口朝向竖直方向的方框,在方框的前后侧面上分别凸设有第二 X向 直线滑动轨道固定块 13, 在方框的底面上设有下凸部 14。
在第一主支撑部 2上、 并靠近第一主支撑部 2的顶部设有 X向前导轨支撑部 62, 在 第二主支撑部 3上、 并靠近第二主支撑部 3的顶部设有 X向后导轨支撑部 63, X向前导 轨、 X向前导轨后包括分别装在 X向前导轨支撑部 62、 X向后导轨支撑部 63上的设有滚 珠的第一 X向直线滑动轨道 15,固定在第二 X向直线滑动轨道前后固定块 13底面设有与 第一 X向直线滑动轨道 15配合的导槽的第二 X向直线滑动轨道 16。
还包括驱动 X向滑座 7来回运动的第一驱动装置;第一驱动装置包括一个第一驱动电 机 10,驱动 X向滑座 7来回运动、与第一 X向直线滑动轨道 15平行的一根与第一驱动电 机 10的电机轴连接的 X向丝杆 11, 与 X向丝杆 11配合的第一丝母(未示出), 第一丝母 (未示出) 固定在下凸块部 14与 X向滑座 7结合的位置。
还包括安装在靠近主支撑架 6的左右两侧的 X向丝杆安装座 17,第一驱动电机 10安 装在 X向丝杆安装座 17的外侧面上, X向丝杆 11远离第一驱动电机 10的一端穿过 X向 丝杆安装座 17、 第一丝母 (未示出) 安装在远离第一驱动电机 10的 X向丝杆安装座 17 上; X向丝杆 11位于两根第一 X向直线滑动轨道 15之间。
还包括 Y向滑座 18, 在 X向滑座 7和 Y向滑座 18间设有相互配合的 Y向左导轨、 Y向右导轨。
还包括驱动 Y向滑座 18来回运动的第二驱动装置; 第二驱动装置包括一个第二驱动 电机 21, 驱动 Y向滑座 18来回运动、与 Υ向左导轨、 Υ向右导轨平行的一根与第二驱动 电机 21的电机轴连接的 Υ向丝杆 22, 与 Υ向丝杆 22配合的 Υ向丝母 (未示出)。
Υ向滑座 18包括 Υ向滑座底板 24, 从 Υ向滑座底板 24垂直向上凸设的 U型上凸部 25, 从 Υ向滑座底板 24垂直向下凸设的 U型下凸部 26。 在 Υ向滑座底板 24在左右方向 均凸出 U型上凸部 25、 U型下凸部 26。 Υ向丝母 (未示出) 固定在 U型下凸部 26与 Υ 向滑座底板 24结合的位置。
Υ向左导轨、 Υ向右导轨为滑轨; 包括直接固定在 X向滑座 7上的设有滚珠的 Υ向 直线滑动轨道 27, 固定在 Υ向滑座底板 24的底面与 Υ向直线滑动轨道 27配合的 Υ向导 轨滑座 29。
还包括安装在靠近 X向滑座 7的前后两侧的 Υ向丝杆安装座 28, 第二驱动电机 21安 装在 Υ向丝杆安装座 28的外侧面上, Υ向丝杆 22远离第二驱动电机 21的一端穿过 Υ向 丝杆安装座 28、 Υ向丝母 (未示出) 安装在远离第二驱动电机 21的 Υ向丝杆安装座 28 上。 Υ向丝杆 22位于两根 Υ向直线滑动轨道 27之间。
还设有安装在 Υ向滑座 18上的主轴装置。 主轴装置包括可上下运动的横截面为圆形 Ζ向导杆 30, 端盖 31, 内螺纹螺母 54, 外螺纹螺母 55, 仅可相对 Ζ向导杆 30转动的转 轴 32, 驱动转轴 32旋转的第一转子 33和第一定子 34, 轴承 35, 轴承 19, 两条安装在 Υ 向滑座 18的 U型上凸部 25、 U型下凸部 26的底面并贯穿 Υ向滑座 18的第一 Ζ向直线 滑轨轨道 36, 驱动 Ζ向导杆 30上下运动的 Ζ向驱动装置。 在 Ζ向导杆 30的两侧对称凸 设有 Ζ向导向固定部 37, 在 Ζ向导杆 30内设有与 Ζ向导杆 30同轴的中心阶梯通孔 59, 在 Ζ向导向固定部 37上固定有第二 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 38, 在第二 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 38 上设有与第一 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 36配合的导槽 39。 在 U型上凸部 25上固定有电机固定 板 40。 第一 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 36、 第二 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 38穿过 Υ向滑座 18。 在端盖 31内设有阶梯小孔 49和阶梯大孔 50。 还包括导电环 51和电刷 52。 Ζ向驱动装置包括一 个第三驱动电机 41、 驱动 Ζ向导杆 30上下运动的一根 Ζ向丝杆 42。 转轴 32包括与 Ζ向 导杆 30内孔配合的大轴 44、 从大轴 44的顶部延伸设有阶梯小轴 45、 从大轴 44的底部延 伸设有小轴 20。在转轴 32内设有中心通孔 53。轴承 35套在小轴 45的大端上并支撑在大 轴 44上与小轴 45的大端外周配合并与导杆 30的阶梯通孔 59的大孔内周配合。第一转子 33套在小轴 45的小端上与小轴 45的小端外周配合并支撑在轴承 35上。 导电环 51套在 小轴 45的小端上与小轴 45的小端外周配合并支撑在第一转子 33上。在小轴 45的小端靠 近转轴 32的顶部端面设有外螺纹, 螺母 54的内螺纹与小轴 45的小端的外螺纹配合、 端 面与导电环 51的端面接触从而将第一转子 33、导电环 51从下到上依次固定在转轴 32上。 第一定子 34安装在端盖 31的阶梯小孔 49内, 第一定子 34的顶部端面与阶梯小孔 49的 端面接触, 外周与阶梯小孔 49的内周配合, 内周与与第一转子 33配合; 在阶梯大孔 50 靠近端盖 31的底部端面设有内螺纹; 螺母 55的内径大于第一转子 33的外径, 螺母 55的 外螺纹与阶梯大孔 50的内螺纹配合、端面与第一定子 34的底部端面接触从而将第一定子 34固定在端盖 31内。 电刷 52固定在端盖 31内并与导电环 51摩擦接触, 导电环 51通过 电线与安装在转轴 32上的电机电连接。 端盖 31固定在 Ζ向导杆 30的顶部。 Ζ向丝母 46 固定在端盖 31的中心并伸入转轴 32内与转轴 32避空。第三驱动电机 41安装在电机固定 板 40上, Ζ向丝杆 30的一端通过轴联接器 47与第三驱动电机 41连接, Ζ向丝杆 30的另 一端穿过电机固定板 40与 Ζ向丝母 46配合, 并伸入转轴 32内与转轴 32避空。 Ζ向导杆 30穿过 Υ向滑座 18。 转轴 32的下端穿过 Ζ向导杆 30并凸出 Ζ向导杆 30, 轴承 19安装 在小轴 20上、 底部端面支撑在阶梯通孔 59的大孔的底部端面上、 顶部端面与大轴 44的 顶部端面贴合、 内周与小轴 20 的外周配合、 外周与阶梯通孔 59 的内周配合。 主加工头 48安装在转轴 32上。通过电机 41驱动丝杆 42转动,使丝母 46相对丝杆 42仅上下运动, 由于丝母 46与端盖 31固定, 导杆 32与端盖 31固定, 因此导杆 32随丝杆 42转动仅上下 运动。 转轴 32通过第一定子 34、 第一转子 33驱动在 Ζ向导杆 32内仅可转动。 在 Z向导杆 30的底部固定有第一摆座 56, 还包括安装在第一摆座 56上的水平方向 的第一摆轴 57和与第一摆轴 57连接的第一摆轴电机 58,主加工头 48安装在第一摆轴 57 上。
实施例 2
如图 5至图 7所示, 与实施例 1不同的是, Y向滑座 70包括 Y向滑座底板 71, 从 Y 向滑座底板 71垂直向上凸设的上凸部 72,从 Y向滑座底板 71垂直向下凸设的下凸部 73。 在上凸部 72、 下凸部 73的外侧面设有固定平面 74, 在固定平面 74设有侧凸部 75。 Y向 滑座底板 71外周为方形, 周边凸出上凸部 72、 下凸部 73。 在 Y向滑座 70内设有贯穿上 凸部 72、 Y向滑座底板 71、 下凸部 73的圆孔 78和方孔 79, 圆孔 78置于方孔 79的中心 位置, 圆孔 78的直径大于方孔 79的宽度, 小于方孔 79的长度。
主轴装置包括 Z向导杆 80, 端盖 81, 内螺纹螺母 82, 外螺纹螺母 83, 外螺纹螺母 84,仅可相对 Z向导杆 80转动的转轴 85,驱动转轴 85旋转的第一转子 86和第一定子 87, 轴承 88, 轴承 89, 固定在方孔 79的同一个侧面上的两条第一 Z向直线滑轨轨道 90, 驱 动 Z向导杆 80上下运动的 Z向驱动装置。 在 Z向导杆 80的两侧对称凸设有 Z向导向固 定部 91, 在 Z向导杆 80内设有与 Z向导杆 80同轴的中心阶梯通孔 92, 在 Z向导向固定 部 91上固定有第二 Z向直线滑轨轨道 93, 在第二 Z向直线滑轨轨道 93上设有与第一 Z 向直线滑轨轨道 90配合的导槽 94。在上凸部 72上固定有电机固定板 100。第一 Z向直线 滑轨轨道 90、第二 Z向直线滑轨轨道 93穿过 Y向滑座 70。 Z向驱动装置包括一个第三驱 动电机 95、 驱动 Z向导杆 80上下运动的一根 Z向丝杆 96、 Z向丝杆螺母 106。 转轴 85 包括与 Z向导杆 80内孔配合的大轴 97、 从大轴 97的顶部延伸设有阶梯小轴 98、 从大轴 97的底部延伸设有小轴 99。 在转轴 85内设有中心通孔 101。 轴承 88套在小轴 98的大端 上并支撑在大轴 97上与小轴 98的大端外周配合并与导杆 80的阶梯通孔 92的大孔内周配 合。 在通孔 92内设有端部与轴承接触、 与螺母 84配合的内螺纹。 螺母 84的下端面与轴 承 88的上端面接触并将轴承 88固定在转轴 85上。 第一转子 86套在小轴 98的小端上与 小轴 98的小端外周配合并支撑在小轴 98的大端上。 还包括导电环 102和电刷 103。 导电 环 102套在小轴 98的小端上与小轴 98的小端外周配合并支撑在第一转子 86上。 在小轴 98的小端靠近转轴 85的顶部端面设有外螺纹, 螺母 82的内螺纹与小轴 98的小端的外螺 纹配合、 端面与导电环 102的端面接触从而将第一转子 86、 导电环 102从下到上依次固 定在转轴 85上。第一定子 87的外壳 76安装在阶梯通孔 92的大孔内, 底部端面支撑在螺 母 84上。 第一定子 87安装在外壳 76内。 在阶梯通孔 92的大孔内设有与螺母 83配合的 内螺纹, 第一定子 87的顶部端面与螺母 83的底部端面接触, 第一定子 87的外壳外周与 阶梯通孔 92的大孔的内周配合, 第一定子 87的内周与第一转子 86配合; 螺母 83的内径 大于导电环 102的外径。 电刷 103固定在 Z向导杆 80内并与导电环 102摩擦接触, 导电 环 102通过电线与安装在转轴 85上的主轴电机 (未示出) 和摆轴电机 105电连接。 端盖 81固定在 Z向导杆 80的顶部。 Z向丝杆螺母 106固定在端盖 81的中心并伸入 Z向导杆 80、 转轴 85内, 与 Z向导杆 80、 转轴 85避空。 第三驱动电机 95安装在电机固定板 100 上, Z向丝杆 96的一端通过轴联接器 107与第三驱动电机 95连接, Z向丝杆 96的另一端 穿过电机固定板 100与 Z向丝杆螺母 106配合, 并伸入 Z向导杆 80、转轴 85内与 Z向导 杆 80、 转轴 85避空。 Z向导杆 80安装在 Y向滑座 70内。 转轴 85的下端穿过 Z向导杆 80并凸出 Z向导杆 80。轴承 89安装在小轴 99上、底部端面支撑在阶梯通孔 92的中孔的 底部端面上、 顶部端面与大轴 97的顶部端面贴合、 内周与小轴 99的外周配合、 外周与阶 梯通孔 92的内周配合。
实施例 3
如图 8所示, 与实施例 2不同的是, Y向滑座 120包括 Y向滑座底板 121, 从 Y向滑 座底板 121垂直向上凸设的圆管形上导套 122,从 Y向滑座底板 121垂直向下凸设的圆管 形下导套 123, Y向滑座底板 121外周为方形, 周边凸出圆管形上导套 122、 圆管形下导 主轴装置包括可上下运动的圆柱形 Z向导杆 126, 端盖 127, 安装在 Z向导杆 126内 仅可相对 Z向导杆 126转动的转轴 128,, 轴承 132, 轴承 131, 外螺纹螺母 134, 驱动转 轴 128旋转的第一转子 129和第一定子 130, 内螺纹螺母 135, 驱动 Z向导杆 126上下运 动的 Z向驱动装置, 止转件 125。在 Z向导杆 126上设有轴向贯穿 Z向导杆 126的止转槽 133, 在圆管形上导套 122的侧向孔 124内安装有与止转槽 133配合的止转件 125。 在 Y 向滑座 120内设有与 Z向导杆 126配合的中心圆通孔 136, Z向导杆 126置于中心圆通孔 136内。
实施例 4
如图 9所示, 与实施例 1不同的是, X向前导轨、 X向后导轨为滑动导轨, 包括圆柱 形的 X向导轴 200、 X向导轴托 201、 X向导轨套滑座 202, 在 X向导轴托 201上设有与 X向导轴 200配合的圆弧面 204, X向导轴 200安装在 X向导轴托 201上并与 X向导轴托 201上的圆弧面 204贴合, X向导轴托 201固定在 X向导轨支撑部 205上, X向导轨套滑 座 202固定在 X向滑座 206前后两侧的侧凸部 207的底部。X向导轨套滑座 202与安装在 一起的 X向导轴 200和 X向导轴托 201配合。
Y向左导轨、 Y向右导轨为滑动导轨, 包括 Y向导轨套滑座 208、 圆柱形的 Y向导轴 209、 Y向导轴托 210, 在 Y向导轴托 210上设有与 Y向导轴 209配合的圆弧面 211, Y 向导轴 209安装在 Y向导轴托 210上并与 Y向导轴托 210上的圆弧面 211贴合, Y向导 轴托 210固定在 X向滑座 206上, Y向导轨套滑座 208固定在 Y向滑座 212的滑座底板 213的底部。 Y向导轨套滑座 208与安装在一起的 Y向导轴 209和 Y向导轴托 210配合。 实施例 5
如图 10所示, 与实施例 3不同的是, 主轴装置包括可上下运动的圆形 Z向导杆 240, 端盖 241, 安装 Z向导杆 240内仅可相对 Z向导杆 240转动的转轴 242,一驱动转轴 242旋 转的第一转子 243和第一定子 244, 轴承 245, 驱动 Z向导杆 240上下运动的 Z向驱动装 置, 防止 Z向导杆 240沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构。在 Z向导杆 240的顶部设有 与 Z向导杆 240的侧面连通的容置槽 246 ; 止转结构包括安装在容置槽 246内的第三止转 块 248、 第四止转块 247, 在第三止转块 248、 第四止转块 247之间设有第三弹簧 249, 端 盖 241将第三止转块 248、 第四止转块 247限制在 Z向导杆 240上设定范围内移动; 在 Z 向导套 250内设有止转槽 251,第三止转块 248远离第三弹簧 249的一侧凸出 Z向导杆 240 的外周伸入止转槽 251内与止转槽 251配合; 在 Z向导套 250上还设有顶紧螺丝 252, 顶 紧螺丝 252顶紧第四止转块 247背离第三止转块 248的一侧。
Z向丝母 253固定在 Z向导杆 240上。 第三驱动电机 254安装在电机固定板 255上, Z向丝杆 256的一端通过轴联接器 257与第三驱动电机 254连接, Z向丝杆 256的另一端 穿过电机固定板 255、 端盖 241与 Z向丝母 253配合, 并伸入转轴 242的内通孔 267内与 转轴 242避空。
转轴 242的下端穿过 Z向导杆 240, 在转轴 242上一体成型有第一摆座 258。 与主加 工头 259的主加工头座 263—体成型的第一摆轴安装在第一摆座 258内,在第一摆座上还 安装有驱动第一摆轴转动的驱动电机 260。
在转轴 242外周设有导电环 264, 在转轴 242内设有与导电环 264连通的电线容置孔 265, 在电线容置孔 265内容置有电线 266, 电线 266的一端与导电环 264电连接, 另一 端与安装在转轴 242上的主轴电机和定子电连接;导电环 264与电连接外部电源的电刷摩 擦 (未示出) 电连接, 电刷与 Z向导杆 240固定。
实施例 6
如图 11所示,与实施例 1不同的是,主轴装置包括可上下运动的带有中心圆通孔(未 示出) 的 Z向导杆 270, 端盖 271, 固定座 272, 第一摆座 276, 第一摆座驱动装置, 转轴 279, 转轴驱动装置, 第一 Z向直线滑轨轨道 273, 第二 Z向直线滑轨轨道 274, Z向驱动 装置。 端盖 271固定在 Z向导杆 270, Z向驱动装置的第三丝杆螺母 275固定在端盖上。 固定座 272固定在 Z向导杆 270的底部端面上。 第一摆座 276为 U形。 转轴驱动装 置包括固定在固定座 272下端驱动第一摆座 276旋转的第一转子 277和第一定子 278。 转 轴 279固定在第一摆座 276的顶部并安装在第一转子 277内。
在第一摆座 276的 U形凸部的一侧安装有第二转子 280和第二定子 281。主加工头 282 的主加工头座 283—侧的转轴 284安装在第一摆座 276的 U形槽内, 另一侧的转轴 285 安装在第二转子 280内。
实施例 7
如图 12所示, 与实施例 5不同的是, 圆管形上导套 291固定在 Y向滑座 292上。 实施例 8
如图 13所示, 与实施例 5不同的是, 在 Z向导杆 303的侧面上设有盲孔 (未示出)。 止转结构包括第三止转块 302, 在第三止转块 302和 Z向导杆 303间设有第三弹簧 305, 第三弹簧 305、 第三止转块安装在盲孔(未示出) 内, 第三弹簧 305安装在盲孔(未示出) 的底面与第三止转块 302之间,第三止转块 302凸出 Z向导杆 303的外周,在与 Z向导杆 303配合的导向孔 (未显示) 内设有与第三止转 302块配合的止转槽 304。
实施例 9
如图 14至图 16所示, 与实施例 3不同的是, Y向滑座 360包括 Y向滑座板 361, 固 定在 Y向滑座板 361顶部的圆筒形导套 362,从 Y向滑座板 361垂直向下凸设的圆柱形下 凸部 363。 在 Y向滑座板 361、 下凸部 363内设有通孔 364。 Y向滑座板 361外周为方形, 周边凸出导套 362、 下凸部 363。
主轴装置包括 Z向导杆 370, 端盖 371, 外螺纹螺母 372, 外螺纹螺母 373, 轴承压盖 374, 仅可相对 Z向导杆 370转动的转轴 375, 驱动转轴 375旋转的第一转子 376和第一 定子 377, 轴承 378, 轴承 379, 驱动 Z向导杆 370上下运动的 Z向驱动装置。 在 Z向导 杆 370内设有与 Z向导杆 370同轴的由下到上、 从小到大形成阶梯通孔的小孔 365、 中孔 366、 中孔 367、 大孔 382。 在轴承压盖 374内设有由大孔 384、 小孔 387, 形成下大上小 的阶梯通孔。 还包括导电环 392和电刷 393。 在导套 362上固定有电机固定板 390。 Z向 驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机 385、 驱动 Z向导杆 370上下运动的一根 Z向丝杆 386、 Z向丝杆螺母 396。 转轴 375包括由下到上的小轴 368、 中轴 369、 大轴 380、 中轴 381、 小轴 383。 在转轴 375内设有中心通孔 391。 轴承 378安装在中轴 381的外周上其底部端 面与大轴 380的顶部端面接触。轴承 379安装在中轴 369的外周。 导电环 392安装在小轴 383的外周, 其底部端面与轴承 378的顶部端面接触。 第一转子 376安装在小轴 383的外 周, 其底部端面与导电环 392的顶部端面接触。第一定子 377安装在第一转子 372376夕卜。 小轴 368伸入通孔 364内, 轴承 379的底部端面支撑在中孔 366的底面上, 轴承 378、 轴 承 379的外周与中孔 366的孔壁配合。 轴承压盖 374的大孔 384的顶面置于第一转子 376 和第一定子 377上, 轴承压盖 374的底面压住轴承 378。 在大孔 382内设有与螺母 372、 螺母 373配合的螺纹孔。 通过将螺母 372、 螺母 373旋入螺纹孔内将轴承压盖 374安装在 Z向导杆 370, 从而将转轴 368可转动地安装在 Z向导杆 370内。 电刷 393固定在 Z向导 杆 370内并与导电环 392摩擦接触。端盖 371固定在 Z向导杆 370的顶部。 Z向丝杆螺母 396固定在端盖 371的中心并伸入 Z向导杆 370、转轴 375内, 与 Z向导杆 370、转轴 375 避空。第三驱动电机 385安装在电机固定板 390上, Z向丝杆 386的一端通过轴联接器 397 与第三驱动电机 385连接, Z向丝杆 386的另一端穿过电机固定板 390与 Z向丝杆螺母 396 配合, 并伸入 Z向导杆 370、 螺母 372、 螺母 373、 轴承压盖 374、 转轴 375内与 Z向导杆 370、 螺母 372、 螺母 373、 轴承压盖 374、 转轴 375避空。 Z向导杆 370安装在导套 362 内。 转轴 375的下端穿过 Z向导杆 370并凸出 Z向导杆 370。
在转轴 375的下端还设有第一摆座 398; 在第一摆座 398内安装有第二定子 399, 在 第二定子 399内同轴安装有第二转子 400, 在第二转子 400内同轴安装有水平方向的第一 摆轴 401, 主加工头 404的主加工头座 403与第一摆轴 401—体成型。 导电环 392通过置 于通孔 391内的电线 402与安装在转轴 375上的主轴电机(未示出)和第二定子 399内电 连接。
Z向导杆 370的导向部分为圆柱形;在 Z向导杆 370外周设有止转槽 405,在导套 362 内设有外大内小的侧向阶梯孔 409, 在阶梯孔 409的小孔内安装有可在阶梯孔 409的小孔 内来回运动的止转件 406, 在阶梯孔 409的大孔内固定有固定件 407, 在固定件 407和止 转件 406间设有压簧 408。 通过止转件 406与止转槽 405配合, 防止 Z向导杆 370上下运 动时转动。
通过电机 385驱动丝杆 386转动, 使丝杆螺母 396相对丝杆 386仅上下运动, 由于丝 杆螺母 396与端盖 371固定, Z向导杆 370与端盖 371固定,因此 Z向导杆 370随丝杆 386 转动仅上下运动。 转轴 375通过第一定子 377、 第一转子 376驱动在 Z向导杆 370内仅可 转动。
实施例 10
如图 17所示, 与实施例 9不同的是, Y向滑座包括 Y向滑座板 421, 从 Y向滑座板 421顶部垂直向上延伸的圆筒形导套 422, 从 Y向滑座板 421垂直向下延伸的圆柱形下凸 部 423。
主轴装置包括 Z向导杆 424, 端盖 425, 外螺纹螺母 426, 外螺纹螺母 427, 轴承压盖 428, 仅可相对 Z向导杆 424转动的转轴 429, 驱动转轴 429旋转的空心电机 430, 轴承 431, 轴承 432驱动 Z向导杆 424上下运动的 Z向驱动装置。 导电环 433顶部端面正对轴 承压盖 428的大孔 434的顶面。 空心电机 430安装在轴承压盖 428的顶面上, 空心电机 430的电机轴与转轴 429连接。丝杆 435伸入空心电机 430内。转轴 429通过空心电机 430 驱动转动, 转轴 429相对 Z向导杆 424仅可转动。
在转轴 429的侧面设有轴向电线容置槽 437, 一端与导电环 433连接, 另一端与转轴 429上的电机连接的电线 438置于电线容置槽 437内。
实施例 11
如图 18所示, 与实施例 2不同的是, 支撑在转轴的大轴 441的端面上的轴承 442通 过轴承压盖 443固定, 轴承压盖 443通过安装在 Z向导杆 440内的螺母 444、 螺母 445固 定。转轴通过空心电机 446驱动。 导电环 447的底部端面置于转轴的阶梯小轴 448的大端 的顶部端面上,顶部端面正对空心电机 446。空心电机 446安装在轴承压盖 443的顶面上, 空心电机 446的电机轴与转轴连接。丝杆 449可伸入空心电机 446内。转轴通过空心电机 446驱动转动, 转轴相对 Z向导杆 440仅可转动。
实施例 12
如图 19所示, 与实施例 9不同的是, 在 Y向滑座 460的圆筒形的下凸部 465的内孔 内沿圆周方向均匀固定有独立的镶块 461、 镶块 462、 镶块 463。 Z镶块 461、 镶块 462、 镶块 463, 形成同心的圆周面。 转轴 464与镶块 461、 镶块 462、 镶块 463的内周面配合。 在镶块 461、 镶块 462、 镶块 463均设有冷却流道 464。
实施例 13
如图 20、 图 21所示, 一种数控机床, 包括主体框架、 装夹工件装置。 主体框架包括 底座 480、 与底座 480—体成型、 设置在底座 480前侧的第一主支撑部和设置在底座 480 后侧的第二主支撑部, 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部仅通过底座 480连接。前第二主支撑 部包括门框形支撑架 481, 连接支撑架 481和底座 480的竖向加强筋 482, 从支撑架 481 的前侧面、 靠近支撑架 481的顶部水平向前延伸的后导轨安装部 483。 还包括与后导轨安 装部 483连接的第一驱动装置安装部。 第一驱动装置安装部包括门框形支撑架 484, 连接 支撑架 484和底座 480的竖向加强筋 485。 支撑架 484的顶面低于后导轨安装部 483的安 装面, 后导轨安装部 483的安装面低于支撑架 481的顶面。第一主支撑部包括门框形支撑 架 486, 从支撑架 486的后侧面、 靠近支撑部的顶部水平向后延伸的前导轨安装部 487, 连接支撑架 486和底座 480、 前导轨安装部 487和底座 480的竖向加强筋 488。 前导轨安 装部 487的安装面低于支撑架 486的顶面, 与前后导轨安装部 487483的安装面齐平。 装 夹工件装置包括固定在底座 480上的工作台 489。
还包括 X向滑座 490。 X向滑座 490为设有方形凹腔 491的方形框, 在凹腔 491底部 设有中心通孔 492。 在前导轨安装部 487和 X向滑座 490间设有相互配合的 X向前导轨, 在后导轨安装部 483和 X向滑座 490间设有相互配合的 X向后导轨。 X向滑座 490可沿 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨来回滑动。
X向前导轨包括安装在前导轨安装部 487的导轨安装面上的设有滚珠的 X向前直线滑 动轨道 493, 固定在 X向滑座 490底面与 X向前直线滑动轨道 493配合的 X向前导轨滑 座 494。 X向后导轨包括安装在后导轨安装部 483的导轨安装面上的设有滚珠的 X向后直 线滑动轨道 495, 固定在 X向滑座 490底面与 X向后直线滑动轨道 495配合的 X向后导 轨滑座 496。
还包括驱动 X向滑座 490来回运动的第一驱动装置;第一驱动装置包括一个第一驱动 电机 497,驱动 X向滑座 490来回运动、与 X向直线滑动轨道平行的一根与第一驱动电机 497的电机轴连接的 X向丝杆 498, 与 X向丝杆 498配合的第一丝杆螺母 499 (未示出), 第一丝杆螺母 499 (未示出) 固定在靠近 X向滑座 490底部的位置。
还包括安装在第一驱动装置安装部的左右两侧的 X向丝杆安装座 500。第一驱动电机 497安装在 X向丝杆安装座 500的左侧面上, X向丝杆 498远离第一驱动电机 497的一端 穿过 X向丝杆安装座 500左侧、 第一丝杆螺母 499 (未示出)、 X向滑座 490安装在右侧 的 X向丝杆安装座 500上。 X向丝杆 498两端均凸出工作台 489。 第一驱动装置安装部置 于 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨之间, X向丝杆 498位于两条 X向直线滑动轨道之间。 X向 丝杆 498到 X向后导轨距离大于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 20%小于 X向前 导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 50% ; X向丝杆 498在水平面上的投影位于 X向后导轨 和工作台 489之间。 X向滑座 490置于最右侧时, X向滑座 490在工作台 489上的投影不 超出工作台 489的一半。
还包括 Y向滑座 501, 在 X向滑座 490和 Y向滑座 501间设有相互配合的 Y向左导 轨、 Y向右导轨。
还包括驱动 Y向滑座 501来回运动的第二驱动装置。第二驱动装置包括一个第二驱动 电机 502, 驱动 Y向滑座 501来回运动、与 Y向左导轨、 Y向右导轨平行的一根与第二驱 动电机 502的电机轴连接的 Y向丝杆 503,与 Y向丝杆 503配合的第二丝杆螺母 (未示出)。
Y向滑座 501包括 Y向滑座板 504,从 Y向滑座板 504垂直向上延伸设有的两个同心 的环形上凸部 505、 环形上凸部 506、 X向角向导轨安装部 507, 从 Y向滑座板 504垂直 向上凸设的凸部 508, 从 Y向滑座板 504垂直向下延伸设有的环形型下凸部 509。 上凸部 505的两个侧面共面。 下凸部 509与上凸部 505关于其中心位置水平面对称。 Y向滑座板 504在四周均凸出上凸部 505、 上凸部 505。 第二丝杆螺母 (未示出) 固定在凸部 508上。 在 X向角向导轨安装部 507的前侧面上安装有第一 X向直线角向导轨滑轨轨道 510,在 X 向滑座 490的后侧面上安装有与第一 X向直线角向导轨滑轨轨道 510配合的第二 X向直 线角向导轨滑轨轨道 511,在第二 X向直线角向导轨滑轨轨道 511上设有与第一 X向直线 角向导轨滑轨轨道 510配合的导槽 512。
Y向左导轨、 Y向右导轨为滑轨; 包括直接固定在 X向滑座 490的方形凹腔 491腔底 的设有滚珠的第一 Y向直线滑动轨道 513, 固定在 Y向滑座板 504的底面与第一 Y向直 线滑动轨道 513配合的第二 Y向直线导轨轨道 514,在第二 Y向直线导轨轨道 514上设有 与第一 Y向直线滑动轨道 513配合的导槽 515。
第二驱动电机 502安装在 X向滑座 490的前侧面上, Y向丝杆 503远离第二驱动电机 502的一端穿过 X向滑座 490前侧、 第二丝杆螺母 (未示出) 安装在远离 X向滑座 490 的后侧上。 Y向丝杆 503位于两根 Y向直线滑动轨道之间。 还设有安装在 Y向滑座 501上的主轴装置。主轴装置包括可上下运动的带有中心圆通 孔的 Ζ向导杆 516, 端盖 517, 固定座 518, 第一摆座 527, 转轴 530, 两条安装在上凸部 505、 下凸部 509的侧面上并贯穿 Υ向滑座板 504的第一 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 519, 与第一 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 519配合的第二 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 520, 驱动 Ζ向导杆 516上下运动的 Ζ向驱动装置,在第二 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 520上设有与第一 Ζ向直线滑轨轨道 519配合的 导槽 521。 在 Ζ向导杆 516的两侧对称凸设有 Ζ向导向固定部 522, 第二 Ζ向直线滑轨轨 道 520固定在 Ζ向导向固定部 522上侧面上。 在上凸部 505、 上凸部 506上固定有电机固 定板 523。 Ζ向驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机 524、驱动 Ζ向导杆 516上下运动的一根 Ζ 向丝杆 525、 第三丝杆螺母 526。
固定座 518固定在 Ζ向导杆 516的底部端面上。 第一摆座 527为 U形。 转轴驱动装 置包括安装在固定座 518下端驱动第一摆座 527旋转的第一转子 528和第一定子 529。 转 轴 530固定在第一摆座 527顶部并安装在第一转子 528内。
在第一摆座 527的 U形凸部的一侧安装有第二转子 531和第二定子 532。主加工头 533 的主加工头座 534—侧的转轴 535安装在第一摆座 527的 U形槽内, 另一侧的转轴 536 安装在第二转子 531内。
实施例 14
如图 22所示, 一种数控机床, 与实施例 13不同的是, 第二主支撑部包括门框形支撑 架 550, 从支撑架 550的前侧面水平向前延伸的门框形的后导轨安装部 551。 还包括从后 导轨安装部 551的前侧面延伸设有的门框形的第一驱动装置安装部 552。 支撑架 550、 后 导轨安装部 551、 第一驱动装置安装部 552的左侧和右侧均连接在一起。 第一主支撑部包 括门框形支撑架 553, 从支撑架 553的后侧面延伸设有的门框形的前导轨安装部 554。 支 撑架 553、前导轨安装部 554的左侧和右侧均连接在一起。支撑架 550、后导轨安装部 551、 第一驱动装置安装部 552的内侧面齐平,其正下方凸出底座 555形成置放电气柜等的储物 腔 556, 储物腔 556位于 X向丝杆 557、 X向后导轨 558的正下方。
实施例 15
如图 23至图 25所示, 与实施例 14不同的是, 装夹工件装置包括安装在主体框架的 左右两侧的第一卡盘机构 570和第一尾座机构 571。 在第一驱动装置安装部 588和前导轨 安装部 589的左侧连接有连接部 590, 右侧连接有连接部 591。 在主体框架的左侧设有上 方与连接部 590连接、 下方与底座 586连接、 前侧与前导轨安装部连接、 后侧与第一驱动 装置安装部连接的第三安装座 572, 在主体框架的右侧设有上方与连接部连接、 下方与底 座连接、 前侧与前导轨安装部连接、 后侧与第一驱动装置安装部连接的第四安装座 573。 第三安装座 572和第四安装座 573与主体框架一体成型。在第三安装座 572上设有安装第 一卡盘机构 570的水平方向的第一圆通孔 574, 在第四安装座 573上设有安装第一尾座机 构 571、 与第一圆通孔 574同轴的第二圆通孔 575。
第一卡盘机构 570为通用的用在数控设备上可自动旋转、 自动开合的卡盘机构。 在第四安装座 573背离第三安装座 572的面上延伸设有安装凸台 576,第二圆通孔 575 贯穿安装凸台 576。 第一尾座机构 571包括顶尖 577、 固定在顶尖 577上的螺杆 578, 固 定在安装凸台 576背离第三安装座 572的面上的安装柱 579, 固定在安装柱 579上的安装 座 580, 安装在安装座 580背离安装凸台 576的面上的顶尖驱动电机 581, 止转螺丝 582。 螺杆 578穿过安装座 580与顶尖驱动电机 581的电机轴连接。在安装凸台 576上设有与止 转螺丝 587配合的螺纹通孔, 在顶尖 577上设有与轴向的止转槽 583。 止转螺丝 587穿过 螺纹通孔伸入止转槽 583内。
在主加工头上安装有铣刀。 在需要车时, 还可将铣刀换成车刀。
在底座 586上没有安装工作台。
实施例 16
如图 26所示, 与实施例 14不同的是, 在第二主支撑部 600上设有开口朝向水平方向 的方形闭环结构; 在第二主支撑部 600上还设有侧加工头、使侧加工头三轴以上联动的侧 加工头运动机构; 使侧加工头三轴以上联动的侧加工头运动机构包括: 第一滑座 601, 安 装在第二主支撑部 600的后侧面和第一滑座 601前侧面间、靠近第一滑座 601的上下侧设 有相互配合的第一上导轨、第一下导轨; 驱动第一滑座 601来回运动的第一滑座 601驱动 装置; 第一驱动装置包括第一驱动电机 602, 一根第一丝杆 603, 固定在第一滑座 601上 的第一丝杆螺母 (未示出)。 在第二主支撑部 600的左侧面上、 靠近第二主支撑部 600的 前后两侧分别凸设有丝杆安装部 605、 丝杆安装部 606, 第一驱动电机 602安装在丝杆安 装部 605的前侧, 远离第一电机的第一丝杆 603的一端穿过丝杆安装凸部 605、 第一丝杆 螺母、 第一滑座 601后安装在丝杆安装凸部 606上。
安装在第一滑座 601上的第二滑座 607、 第二滑座驱动装置、 侧向主轴装置等, 与安 装在 X向滑座 608上的 Y向滑座 609、 Y向滑座驱动装置、 主轴装置等从上向左旋转 90 ° 的后的结构完全相同。
在底座 604的后侧面上、 靠近主体框架的底部设有凸条 610, 在凸条 610上安装有第 一滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道 611, 在第一滑座 601的底面上安装有、 设有与第一滑座角 向第一直线滑轨轨道配合 611的导槽的第一滑座 601角向第二直线滑轨轨道 (未示出)。
在底座 604上固定有工作台 612。
实施例 17
如图 27所示, 与实施例 16不同的是, 在底座 620上安装有旋转工作台 621。
实施例 18
如图 28所示, 一种数控机床, 与实施例 13不同的是, 在第二主支撑部的门框形支撑 架 630和第一主支撑部包括门框形支撑架 631之间连接有连接部 632, 连接部 632的顶面 低于支撑架 630的顶面, 与支撑架 631的顶面齐平, 高于前导轨安装部 633和后导轨安装 部 634的导轨安装面。
实施例 19
如图 29所示, 与实施例 18不同的是, 在第三驱动装置安装部 640和前导轨安装部 641之间、 靠近底座 642的位置连接有一条与底座平行的连接筋 643, 连接筋 643的顶面 低于第三驱动装置安装部 640的顶面, 使主支撑架的左侧中上部断开。 工作台 644靠近左 侧的连接筋 643。 当 X向滑座 645运动到最右侧时, X向滑座 645在底座 642上的投影置 于工作台 644的右侧。
实施例 20
如图 30所示, 与实施例 18不同的是, X向滑座 651为 U形, 在 X向滑座 651上向 下设有与安装凸部 (未示出), 安装凸部的左侧面与 X向滑座的 U形底部平面 652齐平。
在 X向滑座 651和 Y向滑座 653间设有上下分布的 Y向导轨。 Y向导轨为滑轨, 包 括两根固定在 X向滑座 651的 U形底部平面及其安装凸部的同一平面上并位于同一竖直 面上的第一 Y向直线滑动轨道 654, 固定在 Y向滑座 653朝向 X向滑座 651的面上与第 一 Y向直线滑动轨道 654配合的第二 Y向直线滑动轨道 655。
Y向丝杆螺母 656安装在 Y向滑座 653上。 在 X向滑座 651的 U形底部平面上、 靠 近前后两侧分别安装有 Y向丝杆安装座 657、 Y向丝杆安装座 658, 第二驱动电机 656安 装在 Y向丝杆安装座 65上, Y向丝杆 335远离第二驱动电机(未示出) 的一端穿过 Y向 丝杆安装座 657、 Y向丝杆螺母 656、安装在远离第二驱动电机 656的 Y向丝杆安装座 658 上。
在 Y向滑座 653背离 X向滑座 651的侧面上固定有主轴装置 659。主轴装置的结构与 实施例 4相同。
实施例 21
如图 31、 图 32所示, 与实施例 13不同的是, 底座 670在两侧均凸出第一主支撑部 671和第二主支撑部 672。在底座 670上安装有位于同一直线上的工作台 673、工作台 674 和驱动两个的工作台间歇往复直线运动的工作台驱动机构。 工作台 673、 工作台 674为整 体式结构。 工作台驱动机构包括侧向安装在底座 670内的电机 675, 安装在底座 670内由 电机 675驱动的齿轮 676, 设置在工作台 673、 工作台 674的底面与齿轮啮合的齿条 677。 在底座 670的侧面上还安装有工作台 673、工作台 674的由气缸 678驱动的定位机构 679。 实施例 22
如图 33、 图 34所示, 与实施例 13不同的是, 底座 670仅在右侧凸出第一主支撑部 671和第二主支撑部 672。 在底座 670上安装有不同高度的第一工作台 673、 第二工作台 674和驱动第一工作台间歇往复直线运动的第一工作台驱动机构、 驱动第二工作台间歇往 复直线运动的第二工作台驱动机构、 第一工作台定位机构、 第二工作台定位机构。 第一工 作台 673的底面高于第二工作台 674的顶面。
第一工作台驱动机构、 第二工作台驱动机构、 第一工作台定位机构、 第二工作台定 位机构与实施例 24相同。
实施例 23
如图 35所示, 与实施例 13不同的是, 第一主支撑部 680和第二柱支撑 681仅高出底 座 682很少一部分。 X向滑座 683为 H形。 X向丝杆 684安装在第一主支撑部 680和第二 主支撑部 681的中间位置。 X向滑座 683、 X向导轨、 Y向滑座 684、 Y向导轨、 主轴装 置 685与实施例 22仅是形状上的差别, 其安装关系完全相同, 故不再详述。
实施例 24
如图 36所示, 与实施例 22不同的是, Y向滑座驱动装置为直线电机组, 包括相互配 合的长条状的第一直线电机定子 701和块状的第一直线电机动子 702。 在第一后导轨安装 部 703的顶面上设有安装第一直线电机定子 701的凹槽 703, 第一直线电机定子 701固定 在凹槽 703内。 第一直线电机动子 702固定在 Y向滑座板 708的底面。
Y向滑座驱动装置为直线电机组,包括相互配合的长条状的第二直线电机定子 705和 块状的第二直线电机动子 706。 在凹腔 706底部设有的凹槽 707。 第二直线电机定子 705 固定在凹槽 707内。 第二直线电机动子 706固定在 Y向滑座板 708的底面上。
第三驱动装置为直线电机组,包括相互配合的第三直线电机定子 709和第三直线电机 动子 710。在 Y向滑座 704上、与 Z向导杆 711配合的通孔内设有轴向凹槽 712,凹槽 712 贯穿上凸部 713、 Y向滑座板 708、 下凸部 714。 在 Z向导杆 711上设有与凹槽 712配合 的动子安装平面 715。 第三直线电机定子 709安装在凹槽 712内, 第三直线电机动子 710 安装在动子安装平面 715上。
当数控设备为车床时, 装夹工件装置为安装在第三安装座第一卡盘机构, 安装在第四 安装座上的第一尾座机构。 当数控设备为外圆磨床时, 装夹工件装置为安装在第三安装座 第一卡盘机构, 安装在第四安装座上的第一尾座机构。 主体框架为还可为一体成型的人造 石或树脂合成石。在成型主支撑架时还可嵌入主体框架侧面的安装尾座的尾座固定座和安 装卡盘的卡盘固定座。 由于这些技术方案, 根据本说明书的实施例, 完全可以实施, 故不 再详细论述。 当
在本发明中, 在主加工头上可设有刀具装夹头、 或主加工头为喷漆头或焊枪或激光枪 或等离子切割枪或螺丝枪或气割枪。 当在刀具装夹头上安装有铣刀时, 可以实现铣削的功 能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有砂轮时, 可以实现磨削的功能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有镗 刀时, 可以实现镗孔的功能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有钻头时, 可以实现钻孔的功能; 当 主加工头为喷漆头时,可以实现喷涂的功能; 当主加工头为焊枪时,可以实现焊接的功能; 当主加工头为激光枪时, 可以实现激光切割和或激光焊接的功能; 当主加工头为等离子切 割枪时, 可以实现等离子切割的功能; 当主加工头为螺丝枪, 可以实现装螺丝的功能。 由 于主加工头的结构均可采用现有结构, 故在本发明中不再一一描述。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种数控设备, 包括主体框架、 装夹工件装置, 主体框架包括底座、 设置在底座相对两 侧并与底座安装在一起的第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部; 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部和第 二主支撑部包括中上部分开的第一侧; 还包括 X向滑座, 在第一主支撑部上、 并靠近第一 主支撑部的顶部设有 X向前导轨支撑部, 在 X向前导轨支撑部和 X向滑座间设有相互配合 的 X向前导轨, 在第二主支撑部上、 并靠近第二主支撑部的顶部设有 X向后导轨支撑部, 在 X向后导轨支撑部和 X向滑座间设有相互配合的 X向后导轨; 还包括驱动 X向滑座来回 运动的第一驱动装置, 与第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部连接的第一驱动装置安装部, 第一 驱动装置安装部置于 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨之间; 第一驱动装置包括驱动 X向滑座来回 运动、 与 X向前导轨、 X向后导轨平行的一根 X向丝杆或一组 X向直线电机, X向丝杆穿过 X向滑座、 两端凸出工作台、 两端安装在第一驱动装置安装部上的或 X向直线电机定子两 端凸出工作台、 固定在第一驱动装置安装部; X向丝杆或 X向直线电机在水平面上的投影 位于 X向后导轨和工作台之间或 X向前导轨和工作台之间; X向滑座置于远离第一侧的最 末端位置时, X向滑座在工作台上的投影不超出工作台的一半; 还包括 Y向滑座, 在 X向 滑座和 Y向滑座间设有相互配合的 Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨; 还包括驱动 Y向滑座来 回运动的第二驱动装置; 第二驱动装置包括驱动 Y向滑座来回运动、 与 Y向第一导轨、 Y 向第二导轨平行的一根 Y向丝杆或一组 Y向直线电机, Y向丝杆或 Y向直线电机位于 Y向 第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨之间; 还设有安装在 Y向滑座上的主轴装置, 主轴装置包括可上 下运动的 Z向导杆、 驱动 Z向导杆上下运动的第三驱动装置, 设置在 Z向导杆下方的主加 工头。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧 和右侧仅通过底座连接在一起。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧 和右侧中的一侧仅通过底座连接在一起, 另一侧连接有第一连接部。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在第二主支撑部上设有开口朝向水平 方向的方形闭环结构; 在第二主支撑部上还设有侧加工头、 使侧加工头三轴以上联动的侧 加工头运动机构; 工作台包括设置在底座上的固定工作台或旋转工作台。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 使侧加工头三轴以上联动的侧加工头 运动机构包括:
侧加工头运动机构包括: 第一滑座, 在第二主支撑部和第一滑座间、 靠近第一滑座的两侧 设有相互配合的第一导轨; 驱动第一滑座来回运动的第一滑座驱动装置; 第一驱动装置包 括驱动第一滑座来回运动、 安装在第一导轨间与第一导轨平行的一根第一丝杆或一组第一 直线电机, 第一丝杆穿过第一滑座两端安装在主体框架的第一驱动装置安装部上或第一直 线电机定子固定在主体框架的第一驱动装置安装部上; 还包括第二滑座, 在第一滑座和第 二滑座间、 靠近第二滑座的两侧设有相互配合的第二导轨, 驱动第二滑座来回运动的第二 滑座驱动装置; 还设有安装在第二滑座上的侧向主轴装置, 侧向主轴装置包括导杆、 驱动 导杆水平方向运动的导杆驱动装置; 在导杆端部设有加工头。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一导轨靠近后主体框架的顶部和底 部; 在靠近主体框架的底部、 垂直主体框架的后侧面向外凸设有角向导轨支撑部; 在第一 滑座下侧面与角向导轨支撑部之间还设有与第一导轨平行的第一滑座角向导轨。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的一 侧连接有第一连接部, 另一侧连接有第二连接部; 第一连接部的顶面与工作台的顶面齐平 或低于工作台的顶面, 第二连接部的顶面高于工作台的顶面。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨安装在 X向滑座和 Y向滑座相对的两个侧面上并置于同一竖直面上, 导轨面与 X向前导轨和 X向 后导轨的导轨面垂直; 主轴装置安装在 Y向滑座背离 Y向第一导轨、 Y向第二导轨的侧面 上。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: X向滑座为 U形或 H形, Y向第一导 轨、 Y向第二导轨的直线导轨轨道安装在 X向滑座的 U形或 H形竖向平面上。
10、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一驱动装置包括驱动 X向滑座来 回运动的一组 X向直线电机, X向直线电机定子固定在第一驱动装置安装部的顶部平面上, X向直线电机动子固定在 X向滑座的底部平面上。
1 1、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部仅通 过底座连接在一起; 在底座上安装有位于同一直线上的两个以上工作台和驱动两个以上的 工作台间歇往复直线运动的工作台驱动机构。
12、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部仅通 过底座连接在一起; 在底座上安装有位于不同高度的第一工作台和第二工作台, 和驱动第 一工作台间歇往复直线运动的第一工作台驱动机构、 驱动第二工作台间歇往复直线运动的 第二工作台驱动机构; 第一工作台的底面高于第二工作台的顶面。
13、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一驱动装置包括一个驱动第一丝 杆螺母转动地第一驱动电机, 一根所述的 X向丝杆, 与 X向丝杆配合的第一丝杆螺母; 第 一驱动电机固定在 X向滑座, 第一丝杆螺母可转动地安装在 X向滑座上。
14、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在设有第一驱动装置安装部的一侧 设有储物腔, 储物腔位于同侧的 X向丝杆、 X向导轨的正下方。
这样可以利用 X向丝杆、 X向导轨的正下方的空间位置来安装电气设备或零部件等, 充分 利用机床的空间, 使数控设备看起来更美观, 使得机床在保证 Y向行程的同时, 让 X向丝 杆安装在第一驱动装置安装部上且 X向丝杆到靠近第一驱动装置安装部的 X向导轨距离给 接近 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 50% 对更好的驱动 X向滑座来回运动起到良 好作用, 又提高了机床的整体刚性。
15、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在第一主支撑部和第 二主支撑部左侧连接有第一连接部, 在第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部右侧连接有第二连接 部, 第一连接部和 /或第二连接部的顶面低于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨的底面, 装夹工件装 置包括分别安装在第一连接部和第二连接部上的卡盘和尾座、和 /或分别安装在第一连接部 和第二连接部上的两个卡盘、 和 /或安装在第一连接部或第二连接部上的一个卡盘。
16、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: Z向导杆与转轴配 合的孔为上大下小的阶梯孔, 在转轴的上端设有径向的凸出部, 在阶梯孔的大孔内安装有 与转轴的凸出部的底面接触的下轴承和与转轴的凸出部的顶面接触的上轴承; 下轴承支撑 在阶梯孔上, 转轴通过上轴承、 下轴承与 Z向导杆配合。
17、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: Z向导杆与转轴配合 的孔为上大下小的阶梯孔, 在转轴的两端设有小轴, 在阶梯孔的大孔内安装有与转轴的下 端小轴和配合的下轴承、 与转轴的上端小轴配合的上轴承; 下轴承支撑在阶梯孔上, 转轴 通过上轴承、 下轴承与 Z向导杆配合。
18、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在主轴装置上还设有 冷却流道。
19、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 转轴驱动装置包括安 装在转轴的外周的第一转子, 安装在 Z向导杆内与第一转子配合的第一定子。
20、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: Z向导杆仅可上下运 动地与 Y向滑座安装在一起, 在 Z向导杆内设有转轴或主轴; 在转轴或主轴外周设有导电 环, 在转轴或主轴内设有与导电环连通的电线容置槽或电线容置孔, 在电线容置槽或电线 容置孔内容置有电线, 电线的一端与导电环电连接, 另一端与安装在转轴或主轴上的电机 电连接; 导电环与电连接外部电源的电刷摩擦电连接, 电刷与 Z向导杆固定。
21、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在 Z向导杆的顶部固 定有 Z向丝杆螺母安装板, Z向丝杆螺母固定在 Z向丝杆螺母安装板中心, Z向驱动电机、 Z向丝杆螺母与 Z向导杆同轴; 转轴驱动装置安装在 z向导杆内。
22、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 转轴驱动装置包括空 心电机, 空心电机与 Z向导杆固定, 转轴的上端与空心电机的的电机轴连接。
23、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 摆轴驱动装置包括驱 动电机; 摆轴与驱动电机的电机轴连接, 摆轴远离驱动电机的一端穿过摆座与主加工头座 连接在一起。
24、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在 Z向导杆的下端还 固定有固定座; 转轴驱动装置包括安装在固定座下端的第一定子, 安装在第一定子的第一 转子, 转轴与主加工头座固定, 转轴仅可转动地安装在第一转子内。
25、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 所述的支撑部为与 Z 向导杆配合的管状的上导套; 在滑座的下方还设有与 Z向导杆配合的管状的下导套; 在上 导套、 滑座、 下导套内设有与 Z向导杆配合地贯通的导向孔, Z向导杆可上下运动地安装 在导向孔内, 电机安装板密封上导套的导向孔的顶部。
26、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在滑座内固定有两条 第一 Z向直线导轨轨道, 在 Z向导杆的两侧对称凸设有 Z向导向固定部, 在 Z向导向固定 部上均固定有与相应的第一 Z向直线导轨轨道配合的第二 Z向直线导轨轨道。
27、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: Z向导杆的导向部分 为圆柱形; 在 Z向导杆上设有止转槽, 在滑座上设有与 Z向导杆配合的 Z向导套, 在 Z向 导套与 Z向导杆间设有防止 Z向导杆沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构。
28、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 止转结构包括止转 块, 在 Z向导套的侧面上设有容置止转块的水平方向的容置通孔, 在容置通孔朝向 Z向导 套外侧的一端设有抵挡件, 在止转块和抵挡件间设有弹簧; 在 Z向导杆的侧面上设有与止 转块配合的止转槽, 止转块凸出与 Z向导杆配合的导向孔伸入止转槽内。
29、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: Z向丝杆螺母固定在 Z向导杆上; 还设有防止 Z向导杆沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构; 止转结构包括止 转块, 在 Z向导杆上设有容置止转块的容置部, 在止转块和 Z向导杆间设有复位弹簧; 止 转块凸出 Z向导杆的外周,在与 Z向导杆配合的导向孔内设有与第三止转块配合的止转槽。
30、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 所述的容置部为设置在 z 向导杆侧面上的盲孔, 第三弹簧安装在盲孔的底面与第三止转块之间; 第三止转块远离 弹簧的一侧凸出 z向导杆的外周与止转槽配合。
31、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 容置槽设置在 Z向导 杆的顶部并与 Z向导杆的侧面连通; 止转结构还包括安装在第四止转块、 端盖, 第三弹簧 安装在第三止转块、 第四止转块之间设有第三弹簧, 端盖将第三止转块、 第四止转块限制 在 Z向导杆上设定范围内移动; 第三止转块凸出 Z向导杆的外周与止转槽配合。
32、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 滑座向上设有的支撑 部为与 Z向导杆配合的上导套, 在滑座上还向下设有下导套; 电机安装板密封上导套的导 向孔的顶部; Z向导杆、 Z向驱动装置安装在 Z向导套内; 在导套内设有导向镶块, 转轴与 导向镶块配合。
33、如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备,其特征在于:在靠近 X向丝杆一侧、 X向滑座的前侧面或后侧面与主支撑架之间还设有侧向安装的 X向滑座角向导轨, X向滑座 角向导轨与 X向导轨的安装角度垂直。
34、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一驱动装置为一组 直线电机, 包括第一直线电机定子和第一直线电机动子, 第一直线电机定子为长条状, 其 长度与 X向导轨的长度相配合,第一直线电机定子固定在第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部上, 第一直线电机动子固定在 X向滑座的底部。
35、 如权利要求 1至 14任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: X向丝杆或 X向直 线电机定子到与其同侧的 X向导轨距离大于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 20% 小于 X向前导轨和 X向后导轨之间的距离的 50%。
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CN109676403B (zh) * 2019-02-01 2023-11-07 广东工业大学 一种大行程高速高精度宏微复合运动平台

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