WO2013040865A1 - 一种数控设备 - Google Patents
一种数控设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013040865A1 WO2013040865A1 PCT/CN2012/070363 CN2012070363W WO2013040865A1 WO 2013040865 A1 WO2013040865 A1 WO 2013040865A1 CN 2012070363 W CN2012070363 W CN 2012070363W WO 2013040865 A1 WO2013040865 A1 WO 2013040865A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sliding seat
- main
- guide rod
- guide
- screw
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
- B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
- B23Q39/021—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like
- B23Q39/025—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station with a plurality of toolheads per workholder, whereby the toolhead is a main spindle, a multispindle, a revolver or the like with different working directions of toolheads on same workholder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
Definitions
- a numerical control device A numerical control device
- the invention relates to a numerical control device, and in particular to a numerical control machine tool.
- a numerical control gantry vertical composite machine tool which comprises a base, a worktable and a column.
- the column is connected by a column guide rail or a composite beam is fixedly connected by a fastener, and the composite beam passes through the beam.
- the guide rail is movably connected or has two or more sliding saddles fixedly connected by fasteners, and the sliding saddle is movably connected with the spindle device through the ram rail; the base, the column, the composite beam, the spindle device is provided with a screw drive device, and the screw drive The devices are connected to an electrical control unit.
- the numerical control device of the structure one way is that the driving mechanism for driving the gantry back and forth needs to include two X-direction screw or X-direction synchronous belt and the like, and two power sources, and two synchronously moving motors drive the gantry. It is difficult for two synchronously moving motors to achieve full synchronous motion, or one of the motors may become slower or faster, resulting in an unbalanced X-direction slide motion, causing the X-direction slide to shift in the X-direction, resulting in an X-direction. The stability of the slide is not stable, the positioning is not accurate, and the movement is not smooth.
- One way is that the X-direction screw or the X-direction timing belt is located on one side of the gantry, and the driving force is completely biased to one side, causing the gantry movement imbalance to generate a torsion force to cause the gantry to shift in the Y direction, resulting in the Y-direction sliding seat movement.
- the stability is not good, the positioning is not accurate, the movement is not smooth, the movement can't be too fast, and it can't adapt to the large machine with large spacing of X forward rail and X rearward rail.
- the movement of the above-mentioned prior art spindle requires the movement of the base or the movement of the gantry.
- the weight of the base and the weight of the workpiece or the weight of the gantry that requires movement is much heavier than the weight of the spindle device and its bearing device, thus greatly wasteful processing.
- the energy of the workpiece increases the inertia of the moving parts of the equipment, reduces the feeding precision of the equipment and the machining accuracy of the workpiece, reduces the moving speed and processing efficiency in the Y direction, and increases the wear between the moving parts of the equipment and the guide rail. Since the base rail or the gantry rail is mounted below the workpiece mounting device, iron scraps and the like processed from the workpiece easily enter the rail.
- a numerical control machining center which comprises a workbench for loading a workpiece, a horizontal column is arranged on the worktable, a cross slide is mounted on the horizontal column, and the upper end of the cross slide is connected.
- a Y-axis screw There is a Y-axis screw, the lower end of the cross slide is connected with an X-axis screw, and the upper part of the Y-axis screw is provided with a longitudinal column that can extend the vertical ram up and down, and the vertical column is connected with a Z-axis screw, a vertical ram
- the lower end is connected to the spindle with the tool.
- the moving column type numerical control machining center of the invention since only one side of the longitudinal column of the mounting spindle is supported, the stability of the spindle movement is not good, the positioning is not accurate, the movement is not smooth, and the movement cannot be too fast.
- the main body frame only comprises a base, a wall-type main support portion disposed on the base, and only one processing head on the main support portion, and the processing head moving mechanism for moving the processing head three or more axes .
- the main support portion is a wall-type structure, when the machining head and the machining head movement mechanism are heavier or the machining force of the machining head is large, the main support portion is easily deformed, so that the main support portion and the base are not perpendicular, This results in a large geometrical tolerance between the machining head and the table, resulting in a large geometrical tolerance of the machined workpiece, which greatly affects the machining accuracy.
- the main support is a wall-type structure, only one machining head can be installed. When different machining tools are used to machine the workpiece, the machining tools must be replaced. It is not possible to use a variety of tools to machine the workpiece at the same time.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a numerical control device which is convenient for processing the side surface of the workpiece, has good stability when the processing head moves, and is not easy to generate unbalanced torque.
- a numerical control device comprising a main body frame and a clamping workpiece device, the main body frame comprising a base, a first main support portion and a second main support portion disposed on opposite sides of the base; the first main support portion and the second main support portion a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion connected to opposite sides, a first main supporting portion, a first connecting portion, a second main supporting portion, and a second connecting portion
- the first and second ends are connected to form a closed-loop structure with a workpiece inlet and outlet at the top;
- a machining head is arranged on the left side, the right side and the rear side of the main frame, and the machining head movement mechanism for moving the machining head three or more axes;
- the side surface of the head is a square closed-loop structure;
- the processing mechanism of the processing head comprises: a first sliding seat, and a first rail matched with each other between the main supporting frame and the first sliding seat and adjacent to the first sliding seat; a first carriage driving device that moves
- the first sliding seat driving device comprises a first driving motor, driving the first sliding seat to move back and forth, and a first screw connected to the motor shaft of the first driving motor in parallel with the first guiding rail, a first screw nut matched with the first screw; the first screw is located between the first rails on both sides; the first driving motor is mounted on the main support frame, and the first screw nut is fixed on the first sliding seat
- the first screw rod cooperates with the first screw nut; the first screw rod passes through the main body frame, the first sliding seat, and is mounted on the opposite side of the main body frame, and the first screw rod and the main body frame and the first sliding seat avoid Empty;
- the first sliding seat is a square closed-loop structure with the opening facing the horizontal direction;
- the second sliding block driving device comprises a second driving motor, driving the second sliding seat to move back and forth, a second screw rod connected to the motor shaft of the second driving motor parallel to the second guiding rail, and cooperate with the second screw rod a second screw nut;
- the second driving motor is mounted on one side of the first sliding seat, the second screw nut is fixed on the second sliding seat, and the second screw is matched with the second screw nut;
- the rod is mounted on the first sliding seat with one side of the second driving motor, the second sliding seat, and then mounted on the side of the first sliding seat away from the second driving motor, the second screw rod and the first sliding seat, the second Sliding seat to avoid air;
- the guide rod passes through the second sliding seat;
- the guide rod driving device comprises a third driving motor, a third screw rod connected to the motor shaft of the third driving motor, and a third screw nut; the third screw nut and the guide
- the rods are mounted together and in a fixed position.
- the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and high precision by using the screw rod and the screw nut.
- the guide rod passes through the second sliding seat;
- the second sliding seat is provided with a horizontal supporting portion, the supporting portion is provided with a motor mounting plate, and the third driving motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate.
- the third screw connected to the motor shaft of the third driving motor passes through the motor mounting plate to cooperate with the third screw nut, and the support portion can provide sufficient stroke for the third screw to move back and forth, and has a simple structure.
- the guide rod can be installed only with the second sliding seat in the horizontal direction, and the rotating shaft or the main shaft can be rotated only relative to the guiding rod in the guiding rod; the third screw nut is fixed with the guiding rod
- a first rotor that drives the rotating shaft or the main shaft is mounted on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft or the main shaft, and a first stator that is engaged with the first rotor is mounted in the guiding rod. The first stator and the first rotor cooperate to drive the rotating shaft, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
- a swing seat with a guide rod position a second stator mounted in the swing seat, a second rotor mounted in the second stator and mating with the second stator, installed in the second
- the horizontal swinging shaft in the rotor, the machining head of the machining head is fixed on the swing shaft or integrally formed with the swing shaft.
- the driving of the pendulum shaft is realized by the cooperation of the second stator and the second rotor, and the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, and the installation space is reduced.
- the support portion is a tubular guide sleeve that cooperates with the guide rod; the guide sleeve and the second slide seat are provided with a guide hole penetratingly engaged with the guide rod, and the guide rod is horizontally movable to be mounted on the guide In the hole, the guide hole of the motor mounting plate sealing guide sleeve is away from the end of the second sliding seat.
- the end portion of the guide hole of the motor mounting plate sealing guide sleeve is not easy to enter the gap between the horizontal guide rod and the guide sleeve, thereby further improving the guiding effect and reducing the wear of dust entering the guiding gap.
- the guide rod can only be installed with the second sliding seat in the horizontal direction; the first horizontal linear guide rail is fixed in the sliding seat, and the corresponding first is fixed on the guiding rod A horizontal linear guide rail that cooperates with a horizontal direction linear guide rail.
- the first horizontal direction linear guide rail and the second horizontal linear guide rail are matched with the horizontal direction guide, and the guiding effect is good, and the horizontal guide rod does not need to design the rotation stop structure. Special When the first horizontal direction linear guide rail and the second horizontal linear guide rail are worn, it is only necessary to replace the first horizontal linear guide rail and the second horizontal linear guide rail, and it is not necessary to replace the horizontal guide.
- a rotation stop groove is arranged on the guide rod, a horizontal guide sleeve matched with the guide rod is arranged on the second sliding seat, and a rotation stop with the rotation preventing groove is mounted on the horizontal guide sleeve.
- the anti-rotation structure is used to prevent the horizontal guide rod from rotating, the structure is simple, and the design of each part is convenient.
- a horizontal guide sleeve matched with the guide rod is disposed on the second sliding seat; the guide rod is only movably mounted back and forth with the second sliding seat in a horizontal direction; the third screw nut is fixed in the guide a rotation preventing structure for preventing the guide rod from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guide rod; the rotation preventing structure includes a rotation preventing block, and the receiving portion is provided with a receiving portion for accommodating the rotation preventing block, and the third rotation is stopped A spring is disposed between the block and the guide rod; the rotation block protrudes from the outer circumference of the guide rod, and a rotation preventing groove that cooperates with the rotation stop block is disposed in the guide hole that cooperates with the guide rod.
- the guide rod can be installed only with the second sliding seat in the horizontal direction, and the rotating shaft or the main shaft can be rotated only relative to the guiding rod in the guiding rod;
- the conductive ring is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft or the main shaft.
- a wire receiving hole or a wire receiving groove communicating with the conductive ring is disposed in the rotating shaft or the main shaft, and a wire is disposed in the wire receiving hole or the wire receiving groove, and one end of the wire is electrically connected to the conductive ring, and the other end is connected
- the motor mounted on the rotating shaft is electrically connected; the conductive ring is electrically connected to the brush of the external power source for frictional electrical connection, and the brush is fixed with the guide rod.
- the brush is electrically connected by a brush such as a carbon brush or a graphite brush and a conductive ring.
- a brush such as a carbon brush or a graphite brush and a conductive ring.
- a first sliding seat angular guide rail is disposed between a side of the first sliding seat and the main body frame on a side close to the first screw or the first linear motor, and the first sliding seat
- the angular guide rail is perpendicular to the mounting angle of the first rail.
- the first sliding seat angle guide rail can overcome the lateral force of the sliding seat caused by the X-direction screw side deviation, and ensure the smooth movement of the sliding seat.
- the top plane of the first connecting portion and/or the second connecting portion is lower than the top plane of the first main supporting portion and the second main supporting portion, and the left of the first main supporting portion and the second main supporting portion
- the upper middle part and/or the upper middle part of the right side are not connected together to form a workpiece inlet and outlet, which is convenient for lifting the workpiece into the numerical control device to be mounted on the clamping workpiece device or lifting the workpiece on the clamping workpiece device and removing the workpiece from the workpiece. Hang out inside the CNC equipment.
- the first driving device is a set of linear motors, including a linear motor stator and a linear motor mover, and the linear motor stator is elongated, fixed on the first main support portion or the second main support portion, and a straight line
- the motor mover is fixed to the bottom surface of the first slide.
- the long linear motor stator has a simple structure, good driving effect and convenient installation.
- the workpiece mounting device includes a first chuck mechanism and a second chuck mechanism mounted on the main body frame, or a first chuck mechanism and a first tailstock mechanism, or a first chuck
- the mechanism, the first chuck mechanism is mounted on a side of the main body frame, and the second chuck mechanism or the first tailstock mechanism is mounted on the main body frame in a horizontal direction relative to the main body frame;
- the processing head includes a cutter chuck.
- the first main support portion, the second main support portion, the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion and the base are integrally formed, and the upper side of the main body frame is respectively provided with an upper portion connected to the connecting portion and a lower portion connected to the base, a third mount connected to the first main support portion and the second main support portion on both sides, or a third mount and a fourth mount, the third mount being integrally formed with the main body frame, or the third mount and the fourth mount
- the mounting seat is integrally formed with the main body frame; the first mounting hole is provided with a horizontal first circular through hole for mounting the first chuck mechanism, or the third mounting seat is provided with a horizontal direction for mounting the first chuck mechanism
- the first circular through hole and the second mounting seat are provided with a second circular through hole for mounting the second chuck mechanism or the first tailstock mechanism and coaxial with the first circular through hole, so that the turning and milling composite machining can be realized.
- the main frame is an integrally formed artificial stone or resin synthetic stone or cement concrete main frame; and the base is also provided with a table support block which is embedded on the base for mounting the work table when the base is formed. , or a workbench embedded in the base when the base is formed, and two chuck mounts that are embedded in the mounting chuck on the side of the main frame when the main support frame is formed; and ⁇ is embedded in the side of the main frame when forming the main support frame
- the main support frame is made of one-piece artificial stone or resin synthetic stone or cement concrete main frame, which is low in cost due to It is formed at room temperature, the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, and the internal stress is negligible. Therefore, the frame structure of the formed equipment is small in deformation, and in particular, a very large main body frame can be cast like a house.
- the chuck fixing seat and the tailstock fixing seat are embedded in the main body frame when casting the base, the main supporting portion and the main supporting frame, thereby solving the problem that the cement cannot be used for machining, and the chuck and the tailstock are easily installed, and the card is guaranteed. Mounting accuracy of the disc and tailstock. After the casting is finalized, the rail support bar or the linear hard rail track or the linear sliding track or the chuck fixing seat and the tailstock fixing seat or the table or the table supporting block are processed to achieve the geometric tolerance requirement. difference
- a storage chamber is provided on the main body frame. Electrical equipment, tool magazines, etc. can be installed in the storage chamber to save space and make the numerical control equipment look beautiful. Poor
- the processing head is arranged on three sides of the left side, the right side and the rear side of the main frame, and the processing head moving mechanism for moving the processing head three or more axes;
- the main frame structure comprises a base, and the clamping workpiece device is installed on
- the table can only be rotated by rotating the table relative to the base. With the rotary table, each side of the workpiece can be machined without re-clamping the workpiece.
- the first main support portion, the first connecting portion, the second main support portion and the second connecting portion form a closed loop structure, and on the one hand, the supporting force supporting the first sliding seat can be transmitted to the base evenly, so that the first sliding
- the seat has a good bearing capacity, and the main support frame has good rigidity, which is very beneficial to ensure the geometrical tolerance between the machining head and the worktable, thereby ensuring the geometrical tolerance and precision of the workpiece.
- the side surface of the main body frame on which the machining head is mounted is a square closed-loop structure, and the first sliding seat driving device can realize that the first screw rod or the first linear motor is located between the first guide rails, so that only one first screw rod or The first linear motor and a power source drive the first carriage movement, and the machining reference of the guide rail position is consistent, which ensures the positional accuracy of the guide rail.
- Driving the first sliding seat back and forth requires only a first screw or a first linear motor and a power source, and it is possible to overcome the installation of two synchronous motion motors at the position of the first rail to drive the first sliding seat, due to two Synchronously moving motors are difficult to achieve full synchronous motion, or one of the motors appears to slow down or become faster, causing the first slide motion imbalance to generate torque, causing the first carriage to shift in the X direction, resulting in the first slide motion.
- the problem is that the stability is not good, the positioning is not accurate, and the movement is not smooth.
- the first screw or the first linear motor is located between the first guide rails, and the first sliding seat can be driven by installing only one driving device at a position on one side of the first guiding rail, and the first sliding seat is caused by the driving force being completely biased to one side.
- the motion imbalance produces the torsion force to make the first sliding seat shift in the X direction, resulting in poor stability of the first sliding seat, inaccurate positioning, poor motion, and too fast movement, and cannot adapt to the large spacing of the first guide rail. machine tool.
- the top of the main frame is provided with the workpiece inlet and outlet.
- the workpiece can be lifted by using cranes and other equipment, from the workpiece inlet and outlet into the numerical control equipment to the clamping workpiece device, or the workpiece removed from the clamping workpiece device is imported from the workpiece. Hang out to facilitate the clamping of large workpieces.
- a processing head is provided on the left side, the right side, and the rear side, so that the side surface of the workpiece can be easily processed. There are processing heads on the left side, the right side and the rear side. On the side of the left side, the right side and the back side, it is possible to realize different processing of different shapes on different sides of the workpiece by selecting different tools without re-clamping the workpiece. .
- the machining head When the machining head is mounted on the left side, the right side and the rear side of the main frame, the machining head can be processed in seven axes, and when the table can be rotated, the twenty-two axis linkage processing can be realized.
- a cutter chuck is provided on the processing head, or the processing head is a spray head or a welding torch or a laser gun or a plasma cutting gun or a screw gun or a gas torch or an electric discharge machining head.
- the milling function can be realized; when the grinding wheel is mounted on the tool chuck, the grinding function can be realized; when the file is mounted on the tool chuck The function of the boring can be realized; when the drill bit is mounted on the cutter chuck, the drilling function can be realized; when the processing head is the spray head, the spraying function can be realized; when the processing head is a welding torch, it can be realized The function of welding; when the processing head is a laser gun, it can realize the function of laser cutting and laser welding; when the processing head is a plasma cutting gun, the function of plasma cutting can be realized; when the processing head is a screw gun, the screw can be installed The function.
- processing heads on the three sides of the left side, the right side and the back side of the main frame there are processing heads on the three sides of the left side, the right side and the back side of the main frame, and different processing heads can be used for the processing head on each side.
- the processing head on the left side can be a power head for installing the boring tool.
- the processing head on the rear side can be the power head for installing the milling cutter
- the processing head on the right side can be the power head for mounting the drill bit
- the worktable can be rotated, so that the power head does not need to be replaced, and the workpiece does not need to be re-clamped.
- Three different power heads can be used to machine each side of the workpiece, the machining benchmark is consistent, and the three power heads can work at the same time with high efficiency.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the projection of the embodiment 1 of the present invention from another direction.
- Fig. 3 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head of the first embodiment of the present invention along the axial position of the guide bar.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 4.
- Fig. 6 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the second slide, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head of the third embodiment of the present invention along the axial position of the guide rod.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 8.
- Figure 10 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a second slider, a lateral spindle device, and a machining head according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- Figure 12 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a second slider, a lateral spindle device, and a machining head according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 13 is a perspective exploded view of a second slider, a lateral spindle device, and a machining head according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- Figure 14 is a perspective view showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 15 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 16 is a perspective view showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 17 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a second slider, a lateral spindle device, and a machining head according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- Figure 18 is a perspective view showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head of the embodiment 10 of the present invention taken along the axial position of the guide bar.
- Figure 20 is a perspective view showing the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 21 is a perspective view of Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
- Figure 22 is a perspective exploded view of the tailstock of Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
- Figure 23 is a perspective view showing a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 24 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head in the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 25 is a perspective view showing a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 26 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a second slider, a lateral spindle device, and a machining head according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.
- Figure 27 is a perspective view showing a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 28 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a second slider, a lateral spindle device, and a machining head according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention.
- Figure 29 is a perspective view showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 30 is a perspective view showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 30 is a perspective view showing a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 31 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the second slider, the lateral spindle device, and the machining head in Embodiment 18 of the present invention.
- Figure 32 is a perspective view showing a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 33 is a perspective view showing a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 34 is a perspective view showing the Y-slide, the spindle device, and the main machining head of the embodiment 20 of the present invention rotated 90° from the rear to the top.
- Fig. 35 is a perspective view showing the vertical body of the Y-slide, the spindle device, and the main processing head rotated 90° from the rear to the front in the embodiment 20 of the present invention.
- Fig. 36 is a view showing the Y-slide, the spindle device, and the main machining head of the embodiment 20 of the present invention, which are rotated 90° from the rear to the rear along the axis of the Z-guide.
- Fig. 37 is a schematic view showing the Y-slide, the spindle device, and the main machining head of the twenty-first embodiment of the present invention, which are rotated 90° from the rear to the rear along the axial position of the Z guide.
- Figure 38 is a schematic view showing the Y-slide, the spindle device, and the main machining head of the embodiment 22 of the present invention, which are rotated 90° from the rear to the rear along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.
- Figure 39 is a perspective view showing the vertical displacement of the Y-slide, the spindle device, and the main machining head of the embodiment 23 of the present invention rotated 90° from the rear to the top.
- a numerically controlled machine tool includes an integrally formed main body frame 1, a work table 2.
- the main body frame 1 includes a square base 3, and a main support column 4 which is disposed at four corner positions of the base 3 is integrally formed with the base 3, and a connecting portion 5 which is disposed at an intermediate position between the right side and the rear side of the base 3, respectively.
- a joint portion 6 provided at an upper portion of the main support column 4 is integrally formed with the main support column 4.
- the left side and the front side of the main body frame 1 are square closed-loop structures whose openings are oriented in the horizontal direction.
- the two main support columns 4 and the connecting portion 6 disposed on the left side of the base 3 form a first main support portion
- the two main support columns 4 and the connecting portion 6 disposed on the right side of the base 3 form a second main support portion, which will be A main support portion and a front side of the second main support portion are connected together.
- the connecting portion 6 is a first connecting portion, and the rear side of the first main supporting portion and the second main supporting portion are connected together.
- the connecting portion 6 is a second connecting portion.
- a first slider 7 that cooperates with each other is disposed between the main body frame 1 and the first sliding seat 7. The first slider 7 is slidable back and forth along the first rail.
- the first slider 7 includes a frame in which the opening faces the horizontal direction, and the first fixing block 13 is respectively protruded on the front and rear sides on the front and rear sides of the frame, and the frame is provided on the side facing the main body frame 1 Part 14.
- the first guide rail includes a first linear sliding rail 15 which is mounted on the left side surface of the main body frame 1 and is adjacent to the front and rear sides of the main body frame 1 and is provided with balls, and is vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the first fixing block 13 A first rail slide 16 that mates with the first linear slide rail 15.
- a first carriage driving device that drives the first carriage 7 to move back and forth;
- the first carriage driving device includes a first driving motor 10 that drives the first carriage 7 to move back and forth in parallel with the first linear sliding track 15 a first screw rod 11 connected to the motor shaft of the first drive motor 10, a first screw nut 8 coupled with the first screw rod 11, the first screw rod nut 8 being fixed to the convex portion 14 and the first sliding rod The position of the seat 7 combined.
- first screw mounting seat 17 mounted on the left side of the connecting portion 6, a first screw seat 12 mounted on the base 3, and a first drive motor 10 mounted on the surface of the first screw mounting seat 17.
- the first screw rod 11 is located away from the first driving motor 10 through the first screw mounting seat 17, the first screw nut 8 and then mounted on the first screw seat 12; the first screw 11 is located at two A straight line slides between the tracks 15.
- a second carriage 18 is further included, and a second rail that cooperates with each other is disposed between the first carriage 7 and the second carriage 18.
- a second carriage drive that drives the second carriage 18 back and forth is also included.
- the second carriage driving device includes a second driving motor 21, and drives the second sliding block 18 to move back and forth, a second screw 22 connected to the motor shaft of the second driving motor 21 parallel to the second rail, and The second screw nut 9 is matched by the second screw rod 22.
- the second sliding seat 18 includes a second sliding seat plate 24, and the first U-shaped convex portion 25 protruding from the horizontal direction of the second sliding seat plate 24 is horizontally protruded from the second sliding seat plate 24 away from the U-shaped convex portion 25.
- the second sliding plate 24 protrudes in the upper and lower directions by the first U-shaped convex portion 25 and the second U-shaped convex portion 26.
- the second lead nut 9 is fixed at a position where the second U-shaped projection 26 is joined to the second slide plate 24.
- the second guide rail is a slide rail; and includes a second linear sliding track 27 directly fixed on the left side surface of the first sliding seat 7 and adjacent to the top surface and the bottom surface of the first sliding seat 7, and provided with balls, fixed in the second A second rail slide 29 that engages with the second linear slide rail 27 on the right side surface of the slide plate 24.
- a second screw mounting seat 28 mounted on the left side of the first fixing block 13, near the front side of the first slider 7, and a second screw mounting seat 20 near the rear side of the first slider 7.
- the second driving motor 21 is mounted on the second screw mounting seat 28, and the second screw shaft 22 is away from the second driving motor 21 through the second screw mounting seat 28, the second screw nut 9, and the second sliding
- the seat 18 is mounted on the second screw mount 20.
- the second screw 22 is located on two second linear sliding rails Between the 27th.
- the lateral spindle device includes a circular guide rod 30 that can move left and right, an end cover 31, a rotating shaft 32 that can only rotate relative to the guide rod 30, a first rotor 33 that drives the rotating shaft 32 to rotate, and a first stator 34, a bearing 35, a bearing 19, two first U-shaped convex portions 25 of the second sliding seat 18, the bottom surface of the second U-shaped convex portion 26 and penetrates the first horizontal linear slide rail 36 of the second sliding seat 18, driving the guiding rod 30 guide rod drive that moves back and forth in the horizontal direction.
- a horizontal direction guide fixing portion 37 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the guide rod 30, and a second horizontal direction linear rail track 38 is fixed to the horizontal direction guide fixing portion 37, and is disposed on the second horizontal direction linear rail track 38.
- a motor fixing plate 40 is fixed to the first U-shaped projection 25.
- the guide rod driving device includes a third drive motor 41, and a third lead screw 42 that drives the guide rod 30 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction.
- the rotating shaft 32 includes a large shaft 44 that cooperates with the inner hole of the guiding rod 30, a small shaft 45 extending from one end surface of the large shaft 44, and a small shaft 43 extending from the other end surface of the large shaft 44, and a bearing 35 sleeve.
- the first rotor 33 On the small shaft 45 and in contact with the end surface of the large shaft 44, the first rotor 33 is fitted over the small shaft 45 and is in contact with the end surface of the bearing 35, and the first stator 34 is mounted in the guide rod 30 to cooperate with the first rotor 33.
- the end cap 31 is fixed to the left end surface of the guide rod 30 to mount the first stator 34 and the first rotor 33 in the guide rod 30.
- the third screw nut 46 is fixed to the center of the end cap 31.
- the third driving motor 41 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 40.
- One end of the third screw 42 is connected to the third driving motor 41 through the shaft coupling 47, and the other end of the third screw 42 passes through the motor fixing plate 40 and the third.
- the lead screw nut 46 cooperates and extends into the rotating shaft 32 to avoid the rotating shaft 32.
- the guide rod 30 passes through the second carriage 18.
- the right end of the rotating shaft 32 passes through the guide rod 30 and protrudes from the guide rod 30.
- the bearing 19 is mounted on the small shaft 43 and placed in the guide rod 30, and the machining head 48 is mounted on the rotating shaft 32.
- the second sliding seat 50 includes a second sliding seat plate 51, and a circular tubular first guiding sleeve 52 protruding from the left side of the second sliding seat plate 51, from the first
- the second guide sleeve 53 is formed on the right side of the second sliding seat plate 51.
- the outer circumference of the second sliding seat plate 51 is square, and the first tubular guide sleeve 52 and the second tubular guide sleeve 53 are protruded from the periphery.
- the lateral spindle device includes a circular guide 56 that is movable back and forth in a horizontal direction, an end cap 57, a rotary shaft 58 mounted in the guide rod 56 that is rotatable relative to the guide rod 56, a first rotor 59 that drives the rotation shaft 58 to rotate, and a first The stator 60, the bearing 61, the bearing 62, the guide rod driving device that drives the guide rod 56 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction, and the rotation preventing member 55.
- a rotation preventing groove 63 that axially penetrates the guide rod 56 is provided on the guide rod 56, and a rotation preventing member 55 that engages with the rotation preventing groove 63 is mounted in the lateral hole 54 of the circular tubular first guide sleeve 52.
- the guide rod 56 passes through the second carriage 50.
- One end of the rotating shaft 58 passes through the guide rod 56, and the swinging seat 64 is fixed to the rotating shaft 58.
- a horizontal swinging shaft 65 mounted on the swinging seat 64 and a swinging shaft motor 66 connected to the swinging shaft 65 are provided. Mounted on the swing shaft 65.
- the second sliding seat 70 includes a second sliding seat plate 71, and a first convex portion 72 protruding from the left side of the second sliding seat plate 71, from the first A second convex portion 73 protruded from the right side of the second sliding seat plate 71.
- a fixing plane 74 is provided on the outer side surface of the first convex portion 72 and the second convex portion 73, and a side convex portion 75 is provided on the fixing plane 74.
- the outer periphery of the second sliding seat plate 71 is square, and the first convex portion 72 and the second convex portion 73 are protruded from the periphery.
- a circular hole 78 and a square hole 79 penetrating through the first convex portion 72, the second sliding plate 71, and the second convex portion 73 are disposed in the second sliding seat 70.
- the circular hole 78 is disposed at the center of the square hole 79, and is rounded.
- the diameter of the hole 78 is larger than the width of the square hole 79 and smaller than the length of the square hole 79.
- Two first horizontal linear slide rails 80 are fixed on the same side of the square hole 79, and a second horizontal linear slide rail 82 is fixed on the horizontal guide fixing portion 81, and is linearly slid in the second horizontal direction.
- a guide groove 83 that cooperates with the first horizontal linear slide rail 80 is provided on the rail rail 82.
- the lateral spindle device includes a circular guide 90 that can move left and right, an end cover 91, and a rotating shaft 92 in the mounting guide 90 that is only rotatable relative to the guide rod 90, and is driven.
- the first rotor 93 and the first stator 94 rotating the shaft 92, the bearing 95, and the guide rod driving device for driving the guide rod 90 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction prevent the guide rod 90 is a rotation stop structure that rotates in a horizontal direction along the axis of the guide rod.
- a receiving groove 96 communicating with a side surface of the guiding rod 90 is disposed on the rear end surface of the guiding rod 90.
- the rotation preventing structure includes a third rotation preventing block 98 and a fourth rotation preventing block 97 installed in the receiving groove 96.
- a third spring 99 is disposed between the third rotation stop block 98 and the fourth rotation stop block 97.
- the end cover 91 limits the third rotation stop block 98 and the fourth rotation stop block 97 to the guide rod 90.
- a rotation preventing groove (not shown) is disposed in the horizontal direction guide sleeve 100, and a side of the third rotation preventing block 98 away from the third spring 99 protrudes from the outer circumference of the guiding rod 90 into the rotation preventing groove (not shown).
- the inner side is matched with the anti-rotation groove (not shown); the horizontal guide bush 100 is further provided with a top screw 102, and the top screw 102 is tightened to the side of the fourth rotation block 97 facing away from the third rotation block 98.
- the third screw nut 103 is fixed to the guide rod 90.
- the third driving motor 104 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 105.
- One end of the third screw 106 is connected to the third driving motor 104 through the shaft coupling 107, and the other end of the third screw 106 passes through the motor fixing plate 105 and the end cover.
- 91 cooperates with the third screw nut 103 and extends into the rotating shaft 92 to avoid the rotating shaft 92.
- the right end of the rotating shaft 92 passes through the guide rod 90, and the swinging seat 108 is fixed to the rotating shaft 92.
- a second stator 110 is mounted in the swing seat 108, a second rotor 111 mated with the second stator 110 is mounted in the second stator 110, and a swing shaft 112 in the horizontal direction is mounted in the second rotor 111.
- the processing head block 113 is fixed to the swing shaft 112.
- a conductive ring 114 is disposed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 92.
- a wire receiving hole 115 communicating with the conductive ring 114 is disposed in the rotating shaft 92.
- a wire 116 is disposed in the wire receiving hole 115.
- One end of the wire 116 is electrically connected to the conductive ring 114. The other end is electrically connected to the spindle motor and the stator 110 mounted on the rotating shaft 92; the conductive ring 114 is frictionally and electrically connected to a carbon brush (not shown) electrically connected to the external power source, and the carbon brush is fixed to the guide rod 90.
- the lateral spindle device includes a circular guide 120 that can move back and forth in a horizontal direction, an end cover 121, and a guide rod driving device that drives the guide rod 120 to move left and right to prevent the guide rod 120 from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guide rod.
- Ground stop structure As shown in FIG. 11, the lateral spindle device includes a circular guide 120 that can move back and forth in a horizontal direction, an end cover 121, and a guide rod driving device that drives the guide rod 120 to move left and right to prevent the guide rod 120 from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guide rod.
- Ground stop structure ground stop structure.
- the cutter head 122 of the machining head is directly mounted on the guide rod 120.
- a blind hole 141 is provided on the side surface of the guide bar 143.
- the rotation stop structure includes a third rotation stop block 142.
- a third spring 145 is disposed between the third rotation stop block 142 and the guide rod 143.
- the third spring 145 and the third rotation stop block are installed in the blind hole 141, and the third spring 145 is installed between the bottom surface of the blind hole 141 and the third rotation preventing block 142.
- the third rotation preventing block 142 protrudes from the outer circumference of the guiding rod 143, and is disposed in a guiding hole (not shown) that cooperates with the guiding rod 143.
- the third rotation stop 142 is a mating rotation stop groove (not shown).
- a numerical control device includes a main body frame and a workpiece clamping device.
- the main body frame includes a base 206, a first main support portion 201 and a second main support portion 208 disposed on the front and rear sides of the base 206, and the first main support portion 201 and the second main support portion 208 are connected to each other on the left and right sides.
- the first main support portion 201, the first connecting portion 237, the second main support portion 208, and the second connecting portion 238 are sequentially connected end to end to form a square closed loop structure, and the top portion forms a workpiece inlet and outlet 239.
- the left side, the right side, the front side, and the rear side of the main body frame form a square closed loop structure in which the opening faces the horizontal square.
- the clamping workpiece assembly includes a table 207 mounted on the base 206 for rotation only relative to the base 206.
- a machining head 200 On the rear side of the main body frame, there is further provided a machining head 200, and a machining head moving mechanism for moving the machining head 200 in three axes.
- the first sliding seat 211 is further included, and a first rail that cooperates with each other is disposed between the rear side square closed-loop structure and the first sliding seat 211 and adjacent to the left and right sides of the first sliding seat 211.
- the first guide rail includes two third guide rod circular through holes 212 disposed on the first sliding seat 211, adjacent to the two sides of the first sliding seat 211, and two coaxial third guide rod circular through holes 213.
- the third circular guide rod 217 of the sleeve is fitted, and the two ends of the third circular guide rod 216 and the third circular guide rod 217 are fixed to the upper and lower sides of the rear side square closed-loop structure.
- the first carriage driving device includes a first driving motor 210, and drives a first sliding block 211 to move back and forth, a first screw 218 connected to the motor shaft of the first driving motor 210 parallel to the first rail, and A first screw nut 209 mated by a rod 218.
- the first screw nut 209 and the first screw 218 are located between the third circular guide 216 and the third circular guide 217 on both sides.
- the first drive motor 210 is mounted above the rear side square closed loop structure, the first lead screw nut 209 is fixed to the first slide 211, and the first lead screw 218 is engaged with the first lead nut 209.
- the first screw 218 passes through the upper side of the rear side closed-loop structure, the first screw nut 209, the first sliding seat 211, and is mounted on the lower side of the rear side square closed-loop structure; the first sliding seat 211 is a square whose opening faces the horizontal direction. Closed loop structure.
- a second carriage 221 is further included, and a horizontal guide rail is disposed between the first carriage 211 and the second carriage 221.
- the second guide rail includes two fourth guide rod circular through holes 202 and four fourth guide rod circular through holes 203 disposed on the second sliding seat 221 and adjacent to the two sides of the second sliding seat 221.
- the fourth circular guide rod 219, the fourth circular guide rod (not shown) engaged with the guide sleeve 204, and the two ends of the fourth circular guide rod 219 are fixed to the first sliding seat 211.
- a second carriage drive that drives the second carriage 221 to move back and forth is also included.
- the second carriage driving device includes a second driving motor (not shown) that drives the second slider 221 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction, parallel to the fourth circular guide (not shown) and the fourth circular guide 219.
- a second lead screw 220 connected to the motor shaft of the second drive motor, a second lead nut (not shown) mated with the second lead screw 220; a second drive motor (not shown) mounted on the first slide
- a second lead screw nut (not shown) is fixed to the second slide 221, and the second lead screw 220 is engaged with a second lead nut (not shown); the second lead rod 220 is worn
- the first sliding seat 211 is mounted with one side of the second driving motor, the second sliding seat 221, and then mounted on a side of the first sliding seat 211 away from the second driving motor (not shown), and the second screw 220 is
- the second slide 221 is sheltered from the air.
- a lateral spindle device mounted on the second carriage 221, the lateral spindle device including a horizontally movable guide portion having a cylindrical guide rod 222, and a guide rod top seat 223 fixed to the rear end surface of the guide rod 222.
- a guide rod driving device that drives the guide rod 222 to move horizontally.
- the guide top seat 223 projects the guide rod 222 in the axial direction of the vertical guide rod 222.
- Three mounting posts 225 are fixed to the second slider 221, and a mounting seat 226 is fixed to the mounting post 225.
- the guide rod 222 passes through the second carriage 221 .
- the guide rod drive includes a third drive motor 227 that drives the guide rod 222 to move back and forth, a third lead screw 228 coupled to the motor shaft of the third drive motor 227, and a third lead nut 224.
- the third drive motor 227 is mounted on the rear side of the mount 226, the third lead nut 224 is fixed to the guide top seat 223, and the third lead screw 228 is mated with the third lead nut 224.
- a rotation preventing structure for preventing the guide rod top seat 223 from rotating in the horizontal direction of the guide rod axis is further provided;
- the rotation preventing structure includes a rotation stop block 230 mounted on the guide rod top seat 223, and a limit cover 231 at the rotation stop block 230
- a rotation preventing convex portion 232 is disposed on one side, and a fourth rotation preventing slope 233 horizontally engaged with the adjacent two mounting posts 225 is disposed on two faces opposite to the rotation preventing convex portion 232, and the rotation preventing block 230 is disposed at the rotation preventing block 230
- a spring mounting hole 234 is disposed on a side of the guide rod 222, and a spring mounting hole (not shown) that cooperates with the spring mounting hole 234 is provided on a side of the guide rod top seat 223 facing the rotation preventing block 230, and the spring mounting hole 234
- a fourth spring 235 is mounted in a spring mounting hole (not shown) on the stem top 223.
- the guiding rod top seat 223 is provided with a receiving rotation block recessing portion 236.
- the rotation preventing block 230 is received in the receiving rotation preventing block recessing portion 236, and the limiting cover 231 is fixed on the guiding rod top seat 223 to stop rotation.
- the block 230 can be restrained within the accommodating stop block recess 236 with minimal displacement.
- a spindle 199 which is rotatable only relative to the guide rod 222, is mounted in the guide rod 222.
- the power head 198 is mounted on the spindle 199, and the spindle motor 197 is mounted on the stem top 223 and coupled to the spindle 199 via a coupling 196.
- the third lead screw 228 is mounted on the second sliding seat 221 through the rotation preventing block 230 and the third screw nut 224.
- the third screw rod 228 and the rotation preventing block 230 and the second sliding seat 221 are avoided.
- the left side of the main body frame is also a vertical square closed-loop structure 240 whose opening faces the horizontal direction; and the vertical square closed-loop structure 240 on the left side is further provided with processing.
- the four-axis motion processing head motion mechanism of the head 241 four-axis motion.
- the four-axis motion machining head movement mechanism is different from the three-axis motion machining head movement mechanism in that the guide rod top seat 242 is fixed to the end surface of the guide rod 243.
- a swing seat 244 is fixed to the end surface of the guide rod 243, and includes a horizontal swing shaft 245 mounted on the swing seat 244 and a swing shaft motor 246 coupled to the swing shaft 245.
- the machining head 241 is mounted on the swing shaft 245.
- the right side of the main body frame is a vertical square closed-loop structure 258 whose opening faces the horizontal direction; and the vertical square closed-loop structure 258 on the right side is further provided with a processing head. 269.
- the five-axis motion machining head movement mechanism is different from the three-axis motion machining head movement mechanism in that the guide rod top seat 260 is placed on the right end surface of the guide rod 261.
- a guide hole 263 for mounting the motor shaft and the coupling 262 is disposed on the guide rod top seat 260, and a motor 264 is fixed on the right end surface of the guide rod top seat 260.
- the motor shaft of the motor 264 passes through the coupling 262 and the guide.
- the rod 261 is connected.
- the guide bar 261 is only rotatable relative to the guide top seat 260.
- a swing seat 265 is integrally formed on the guide rod 261, and further includes a horizontal swing shaft (not shown) mounted on the swing seat 265 and connected to the swing shaft (not shown) via a coupling (not shown).
- the motor 268 has a machining head 269 integrally formed with a swing shaft (not shown).
- the machining head moving mechanism 281 provided on the vertical square closed-loop structure 280 on the rear side of the main body frame is a five-axis moving machining head moving mechanism.
- the machining head moving mechanism 283 provided on the vertical square closed loop structure 282 on the left side of the main body frame is a five-axis moving machining head moving mechanism.
- the table 284 is fixed to the base 285.
- the five-axis motion machining head motion mechanism is the same as the five-axis motion machining head motion mechanism of the embodiment 9.
- the main body frame is an integrally formed cement concrete main body frame;
- the clamping workpiece device includes a first chuck mechanism 300 and a plurality of mounting on opposite sides of the main body frame.
- a tailstock mechanism 301 In the closed loop structure formed by the first main support portion 319, the connecting portion 299, the second main support portion 298 and the base 316, the upper portion is connected to the connecting portion 299, the lower portion is connected to the base 316, and both sides are connected to the first main supporting portion 319.
- the third mounting base 302 connected to the second main support portion 298 is connected to the connecting portion 297 in a closed loop structure formed by the first main supporting portion 319, the connecting portion 297, the second main supporting portion 298 and the base 316.
- a fourth mounting seat 303 is connected to the base 316 and connected to the first main support portion 319 and the second main support 298 on both sides.
- the third mount 302 and the fourth mount 303 are integrally formed with the main body frame.
- a first circular through hole 304 for mounting the first chuck mechanism 300 in the horizontal direction is disposed on the third mounting base 302, and a first tailstock mechanism 301 is disposed on the fourth mounting base 303, which is the same as the first circular through hole 304.
- a second circular through hole 305 of the shaft is the same as the first circular through hole 304.
- the first chuck mechanism 300 is a universal chuck mechanism that can be automatically rotated and automatically opened and closed on a numerical control device.
- a mounting boss 306 is extended on a surface of the fourth mounting seat 303 facing away from the third mounting base 302, and a second circular through hole 305 extends through the mounting boss 306.
- the first tailstock mechanism 301 includes a tip 307, a screw 308 fixed to the tip 307, a mounting post 317 fixed to a surface of the mounting boss 306 facing away from the third mounting base 302, and a mounting seat 309 fixed to the mounting post 317.
- the screw 308 is coupled to the motor shaft of the top drive motor 310 through the mount 309.
- a threaded through hole that engages with the rotation preventing screw 311 is provided on the mounting boss 306, and a rotation preventing groove 313 is provided on the tip end 307.
- the rotation stop screw 311 extends through the threaded through hole into the rotation preventing groove 313.
- a milling cutter 315 is mounted on the machining head 314. When you need a car, you can also change the milling cutter into a turning tool.
- the base 316 has a flat shape. There is no workbench installed on the base 316. As shown in Figs. 23 and 24, unlike the embodiment 12, the machining head moving mechanism is a four-axis moving machining head moving mechanism.
- the four-axis motion machining head movement mechanism is different from the three-axis motion machining head movement mechanism in that the guide rod top seat 332 is fixed to the end surface of the guide rod 333.
- a swing seat 334 is fixed to the end surface of the guide rod 333, and includes a horizontal swing shaft 335 mounted on the swing base 334 and a swing shaft motor connected to the swing shaft 335.
- the machining head 331 is mounted on the swing shaft 335.
- the machining head moving mechanism is a five-axis moving machining head moving mechanism.
- the five-axis motion machining head movement mechanism is different from the three-axis motion machining head movement mechanism in that the guide rod top seat 350 is placed on the right end surface of the guide rod 351.
- a guide hole 353 for mounting the motor shaft and the coupling 352 is disposed on the guide rod top seat 350, and a motor 354 is fixed on the right end surface of the guide rod top seat 350.
- the motor shaft of the motor 354 passes through the coupling 352 and the guide.
- the rod 351 is connected.
- the guide bar 351 is only rotatable relative to the guide top mount 350.
- a swinging seat 355 is integrally formed on the guide rod 351, and further includes a horizontal swinging shaft 356 mounted on the swinging seat 355 and a motor 358 connected to the swinging shaft 356 via a coupling 357, and a machining head 359 and a swing shaft 356.
- Body molding There is also a table on the base that is embedded in the base when the base is formed.
- the chuck holder (not shown) embedded in the third mount 371 is formed to be embedded in the fourth mount 377 when the main support frame is molded.
- the chuck holder 370, the molding base is embedded in the base at the time of the workbench support block, and the workbench is first fixed on the workbench support block.
- the chucking device includes a first chuck mechanism 372 mounted on the chuck mount of the third mount 371 and a second chuck mechanism mounted on the chuck mount 370 of the fourth mount 377.
- the second chuck mechanism includes a chuck 373, a chuck rotating shaft 374 fixed on the chuck 373, a guiding rod 375 installed outside the chuck rotating shaft 374, and a rotation preventing groove 376 disposed on the guiding rod 375, which is disposed at the fourth A rotation screw mounting hole (not shown) on the mounting base 377, a rotation preventing screw 379 fitted in the rotation preventing screw mounting hole (not shown) to engage with the rotation preventing groove 376, and a guide rod seat fixed to the guide rod 375 380, a guide rod seat 381 fixed to the guide rod seat 380, a chuck shaft driving device, a fixing rod 382 disposed on the second main supporting portion 392, a fixing rod 393 disposed on the fourth mounting 377, and a fixing rod 394.
- the motor fixing plate 383 fixed to the fixing rod 382, the fixing rod 393, the fixing rod 394, the screw nut 384, and the screw 385 engaged with the screw nut 384 are fixed on the surface of the motor fixing plate 383 facing away from the second main supporting portion 392.
- the lead nut 384 is fixed to the guide rod seat 381.
- the chuck spindle drive includes a drive motor 387, a pinion 388, a bull gear 389, and a conveyor belt 390 mounted on a face of the guide bar seat 380 that faces away from the main frame.
- One end of the chuck rotating shaft 374 away from the fixed chuck 373 is fixed to the large gear 389 through the fourth mounting base 377, and the motor shaft of the driving motor 387 is connected to the shaft of the pinion 388 through the guiding rod seat 380, and the belt 390 is placed on the large gear. 389 and pinion 388.
- the drive motor 387 drives the chuck shaft 374 to rotate within the guide rod 375, and the chuck shaft 374 is rotatable relative to the guide rod 375.
- the driving motor 386 drives the screw 385 to rotate to drive the guiding rod 375 and the chuck 373 to move back and forth relative to the fourth mounting seat 377.
- the first main support portion 401 placed on the left side of the base 408, the second main support portion 402 disposed on the right side of the base 408, and the second side disposed on the rear side of the base 408 are support walls.
- a door 405 and a door 406 are provided on the second connecting portion 404.
- Inside the first connecting portion 403 is a square closed loop structure in which the opening faces in the horizontal direction.
- the machining head and the machining head moving mechanism are mounted on the first connecting portion 403.
- the top surfaces of the second main support portion 402, the first connecting portion 403, and the second connecting portion 404 are flush.
- the top surface of the support portion 401 is lower than the first connection portion 403.
- the first main support portion 401, the first connecting portion 403, the second main support portion 402, and the second connecting portion 404 are connected end to end to form a closed loop structure having a workpiece inlet and outlet 407 at the top.
- the first main support portion 421 disposed on the left side of the base 420, the second connecting portion 424 disposed on the rear side of the base 420, and the second portion disposed on the right side of the base 420 The top surface of the main support portion 422 is flush, and the top surface of the first connecting portion 423 disposed on the front side of the base 420 is lower than the top surface of the first main support portion 421, and the workpiece formed at the top of the workpiece inlet and outlet 425 is laterally advanced.
- the outlet 426 is convenient for hanging workpieces into and out of the numerical control device.
- a storage chamber 427 having left and right openings is provided on the first main support portion 421.
- the lateral spindle device includes a horizontally movable horizontal guide bar 430 with a central circular through hole (not shown), an end cover 431, a fixed seat 432, and a seat block. 436, a swing driving device, a rotating shaft 439, a rotating shaft driving device, a first horizontal linear slide rail 433, a second horizontal linear slide rail 434, and a horizontal driving device.
- the end cap 431 is fixed to the left end surface of the horizontal guide 430, and the third screw nut 435 of the horizontal driving device is fixed to the end cap.
- the holder 432 is fixed to the right end surface of the horizontal guide 430.
- the seat 436 is U-shaped.
- the spindle drive unit includes a first rotor 437 and a first stator 438 that are fixed to the right end of the mount 432 to drive the swing 436 to rotate.
- the shaft 439 is fixed to the left end of the seat 436 and is mounted in the first rotor 437.
- a second rotor 440 and a second stator 441 are mounted on one side of the U-shaped projection of the swing seat 436.
- Processing header processing head 442 443-- side of the rotating shaft 444 is mounted in the swing seat 436 of U-shaped groove, the other side of the rotating shaft 445 is mounted within the second rotor 440.
- the first slider 460 is a square frame having a square cavity 461 having an opening toward the left side, and a center through hole 462 is provided at the bottom of the cavity 461.
- the base 463, the first main support portion 464, the first connecting portion 465, and the second main support portion 466 are connected end to end to form a left side frame that penetrates forward and backward.
- a first front rail mounting portion (not shown) and a first rear rail mounting portion 467 are provided in the left side frame adjacent to the front side of the frame. The first front rail mounting portion and the first rear rail mounting portion 467 connect the base 463 and the first connecting portion 465.
- a first front rail is provided between the first front rail mounting portion and the first sliding seat 460
- a first rear rail is provided between the first rear rail mounting portion and the first sliding seat 460.
- the first carriage 460 is slidable back and forth along the first front rail and the first rear rail.
- the first front rail includes a first front linear sliding rail provided with balls on a left side surface of the first front rail mounting portion, and is fixed on the right side surface of the first sliding seat 460 and is provided with the first front linear sliding A second front linear slide track 469 of the guide groove of the track (not shown).
- the first rear rail includes a first rear linear sliding rail 470 provided with a ball mounted on the left side surface of the first rear rail mounting portion 467, and is fixed on the right side surface of the first sliding seat 460, and is provided with the first rear A second rear linear slide track (not shown) of the guide groove that the linear slide track 470 fits.
- the first carriage driving device is a linear motor group including a longitudinally elongated first linear motor stator 471 and a block-shaped first linear motor mover 472.
- a groove 473 on which the first linear motor stator 471 is mounted is disposed on the rear side of the first rear rail mounting portion 467, and the first linear motor stator 471 is fixed in the recess 473.
- the first linear motor mover 472 is fixed in front of the first carriage 460.
- a second upper rail and a second lower rail that cooperate with each other are disposed between the first slider 460 and the second slider 474.
- the second carriage drive unit is a linear motor unit including a pair of elongated second linear motor stators 475 and a block-shaped second linear motor movers 476.
- a groove 468 for mounting the second linear motor stator 475 is provided at the bottom of the cavity.
- the second sliding seat 474 includes a second sliding seat plate 477, two concentric annular rear convex portions 478 extending from the rear of the vertical second sliding seat plate 477, and an annular rear convex portion 479, from the vertical second sliding seat plate
- a convex portion 480 extending from the rear surface of the 477 and adjacent to the top surface of the second sliding plate 477 extends from the front surface of the second sliding seat plate 477 to form an annular front convex portion 481.
- Both sides of the rear convex portion 478 are coplanar.
- the front convex portion 481 and the rear convex portion 478 are symmetrical about a horizontal plane of their center position.
- the second sliding plate 477 protrudes from the rear convex portion 478 and the rear convex portion 479.
- a first sliding seat angle is mounted on the rear inner side surface of the left side frame to the first linear sliding rail 482, and the rear side of the first sliding seat 460 is mounted on the rear side of the first sliding seat 460.
- the first carriage of the guide groove of the first linear slide rail 482 is angled toward the second linear slide rail (not shown).
- the second linear motor stator 475 is fixed within the recess 468.
- the second linear motor mover 476 is fixed to the front surface of the second slide plate 477.
- the second upper rail and the second lower rail are slide rails; the second upper rail includes a first linear sliding upper rail (not shown) provided with balls directly fixed to the bottom of the square cavity of the first sliding seat 460, and is fixed. On the front surface of the second sliding seat plate 477, a second linear sliding upper rail 485 is provided which cooperates with the first linear sliding upper rail.
- the second lower rail comprises a first linear sliding lower rail 486 provided with a ball directly fixed to the bottom of the square cavity of the first sliding seat 460, fixed to the front of the second sliding plate 477, and provided with the first straight The line slides the lower track 486 to cooperate with the second straight line to slide the lower track 487.
- a second sliding seat angle is mounted on the upper inner side surface of the left side frame to the first linear sliding rail, and is mounted on the upper side of the convex portion 480 and provided with a first straight line with the second sliding seat
- the second slide angle of the guide rail of the rail track fits toward the second linear slide rail 484.
- the lateral spindle device comprises a horizontally oriented horizontal guide 488 with a central circular through hole, an end cover 489, a fixed seat 490, a rotating shaft 491, a rotating shaft drive, a swing seat 492, a swing drive, two mounted on a guide bar first linear slide rail 493 on the side surface of the rear convex portion 481 and the front convex portion 481 and extending through the second slide plate 477, and a guide groove matched with the first linear slide rail 493 of the guide rod
- the guide second linear slide rail 494 drives a Z-direction driving device that horizontally moves the horizontal guide 488.
- a Z-guide fixing portion 495 is symmetrically protruded on both sides of the horizontal guide 488, and the second linear slide rail 494 is fixed to the rear side of the Z-guide fixing portion 495.
- the third drive unit is a linear motor unit including a third linear motor stator 496 and a third linear motor mover 497 that cooperate with each other.
- An axial groove 498 is formed in the through hole of the second sliding seat 474 and engaged with the horizontal guiding rod 488.
- the concave groove 498 extends through the rear convex portion 478, the second sliding plate 477, and the front convex portion 481.
- a mover mounting plane 499 that cooperates with the recess 498 is provided on the horizontal guide 488.
- the third linear motor stator 496 is mounted in the recess 498 and the third linear electric motor 497 is mounted on the mover mounting plane 499.
- the holder 490 is fixed to the front end surface of the horizontal guide 488.
- the seat 492 is U-shaped.
- the spindle drive unit includes a first rotor 500 and a first stator 501 that are mounted on a fixed seat 490 that drives the swing seat 492 to rotate.
- the rotating shaft 491 is fixed to the rear end surface of the pendulum 492 and is mounted in the first rotor 500.
- the swing drive unit includes a second rotor (not shown) and a second stator (not shown) mounted on the U-shaped projection 504 on the side of the swing seat 492.
- the rotating shaft 491 on one side of the processing head of the machining head is mounted in the second rotor, and the rotating shaft 491 on the other side is mounted in the U-shaped convex portion 505 on the other side of the swinging seat 492.
- a second sliding seat angle is mounted on the upper inner side surface of the left side frame to the first linear sliding rail 483, and is mounted on the upper side of the convex portion 480, and is provided with the first straight angle with the second sliding seat.
- the second slide angle of the guide groove of the line slide rail 483 is aligned to the second linear slide rail 484.
- the second sliding seat 560 includes a second sliding plate 561, and a cylindrical guiding sleeve 562 fixed behind the second sliding plate 561, from the second
- the sliding seat plate 561 is vertically protruded from the cylindrical front convex portion 563.
- a through hole 564 is formed in the second sliding plate 561 and the front convex portion 563.
- the outer periphery of the second sliding seat plate 561 is square, and the guide sleeve 562 and the front convex portion 563 are protruded from the periphery.
- the side spindle device includes a horizontal guide 570, an end cover 571, an externally threaded nut 572, an externally threaded nut 573, a bearing gland 574, a rotating shaft 575 which is rotatable only relative to the horizontal guide rod 570, and a first rotor that drives the rotating shaft 575 to rotate. 576 and the first stator 577, the bearing 578, the bearing 579, and a guide rod driving device that drives the horizontal direction guide 570 to move back and forth.
- a small hole 565, a middle hole 566, a middle hole 567, and a large hole 582 are formed in the horizontal guide 570 from the front to the rear and from the small to the large in the horizontal direction guide 570.
- the hole 587 is formed with a large stepped through hole.
- a conductive ring 592 and a brush 593 are also included.
- a motor fixing plate 590 is fixed to the rear end portion of the guide bush 562.
- the guide rod driving device includes a third driving motor 585, a third screw rod 586 that drives the horizontal direction guide rod 570 to move back and forth, and a third screw nut 596.
- the rotating shaft 575 includes a small shaft 568 from the front to the rear, a middle shaft 569, a large shaft 580, a middle shaft 581, and a small shaft 583.
- a center through hole 591 is provided in the rotating shaft 575.
- the bearing 578 is mounted on the outer circumference of the center shaft 581 with its front end surface in contact with the rear end surface of the large shaft 580.
- the bearing 579 is mounted on the outer circumference of the center shaft 569.
- the conductive ring 592 is mounted on the outer circumference of the small shaft 583, and its front end surface is in contact with the rear end surface of the bearing 578.
- the first rotor 576 is mounted on the outer circumference of the small shaft 583, and its front end surface is in contact with the rear end surface of the conductive ring 592.
- the first stator 577 is mounted outside the first rotor 576.
- the small shaft 568 extends into the through hole 564, and the front end surface of the bearing 579 is in contact with the bottom surface of the middle hole 566, and the outer circumference of the bearing 578 and the bearing 579 is engaged with the hole wall of the middle hole 566.
- the left end surface of the large hole 584 of the bearing gland 574 is in contact with the first end surface of the first rotor 576 and the first stator 577, and the front end surface of the bearing gland 574 is in contact with the rear end surface of the bearing 578.
- a threaded hole that engages with the nut 572 and the nut 573 is provided in the large hole 582.
- the bearing gland 574 is fixed in the horizontal guide 570 by screwing the nut 572 and the nut 573 into the screw holes, thereby rotatably mounting the shaft 568 in the horizontal guide 570.
- the brush 593 is fixed in the horizontal guide 570 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 592.
- the end cap 571 is fixed to the rear end of the horizontal guide 570.
- the third screw nut 596 is fixed to the center of the end cover 571 and extends into the horizontal guide 570 and the rotating shaft 575, and avoids the horizontal guide 570 and the rotating shaft 575.
- the third driving motor 585 is mounted on the rear side of the motor fixing plate 590, and one end of the third screw 586 is connected to the third driving motor 585 through the shaft coupling 597, and the other end of the third screw rod 586 passes through the motor fixing plate 590 and
- the third screw nut 596 fits and extends into the horizontal guide 570, the nut 572, the nut 573, the bearing gland 574, the shaft 575 and the horizontal guide 570, the nut 572, the nut 573, the bearing gland 574, and the shaft 575 to avoid the air.
- the horizontal guide 570 is mounted within the guide sleeve 562. The front end of the rotating shaft 575 passes through the horizontal guide 570 and protrudes from the horizontal guide 570.
- a swing seat 598 is further disposed at a front end of the rotating shaft 575; a second stator 599 is mounted in the swing seat 598, and a second rotor 600 is coaxially mounted in the second stator 599, and a horizontally mounted horizontally is mounted in the second rotor 600.
- the oscillating shaft 601 of the direction, the main machining head 603 of the main machining head 604 and the oscillating shaft 601 are integrally formed.
- the conductive ring 592 is electrically connected to a spindle motor (not shown) and a second stator 599 mounted on the rotating shaft 575 via a wire 602 placed in the through hole 591.
- the guiding portion of the horizontal guiding rod 570 is cylindrical; a rotation preventing groove 605 is provided on the outer circumference of the horizontal guiding rod 570, and a lateral stepped hole 609 is provided in the guiding sleeve 562, and the small stepped hole 609 is small in the stepped hole 609.
- a rotation stop 606 is provided in the hole for moving back and forth in the small hole of the stepped hole 609.
- a fixing member 607 is fixed in the large hole of the stepped hole 609, and a compression spring 608 is disposed between the fixing member 607 and the rotation preventing member 606. .
- the rotation of the horizontal guide 570 is prevented by the rotation of the rotation preventing member 606 with the rotation preventing groove 605.
- the screw 586 is driven by the motor 585 to rotate, so that the screw nut 596 is only moved back and forth relative to the screw 586. Since the screw nut 596 is fixed to the end cover 571, the horizontal guide 570 is fixed to the end cover 571, so the horizontal guide 570 is fixed. As the screw 586 rotates, it only moves back and forth.
- the shaft 575 is driven by the first stator 577 and the first rotor 576 to be rotatable only in the horizontal guide 570.
- the second sliding seat includes a second sliding plate 621, and a cylindrical guiding sleeve 622 extending vertically rearward from the rear end of the second sliding plate 621, from the second
- the sliding seat plate 621 has a cylindrical front convex portion 623 that extends vertically forward.
- the side spindle device includes a horizontal guide 624, an end cap 625, an externally threaded nut 626, a male nut 627, a bearing gland 628, a rotating shaft 629 which is only rotatable relative to the horizontal guide 624, and a hollow motor 630 that drives the rotating shaft 629 to rotate.
- bearing 631, bearing 632 drives the guide rod driving device for the horizontal direction guide 624 to move back and forth.
- the rear end face of the conductive ring 633 faces the front end face of the large hole 634 of the bearing gland 628.
- the hollow motor 630 is mounted on the rear end face of the bearing gland 628, and the motor shaft of the hollow motor 630 is coupled to the rotating shaft 629.
- the lead screw 635 extends into the hollow motor 630.
- the rotary shaft 629 is driven to rotate by the hollow motor 630, and the rotary shaft 629 is rotatable relative to the horizontal guide 624.
- An axial wire receiving groove 637 is provided on the side of the rotating shaft 629, and one end is connected to the conductive ring 633, and the other end of the wire 638 connected to the motor on the rotating shaft 629 is placed in the wire receiving groove 637.
- the bearing 642 mounted on the large shaft 641 of the rotating shaft is fixed by a bearing gland 643 which passes through a nut 644 and a nut which are mounted in the horizontal guide 640. 645 fixed.
- the shaft is driven by a hollow motor 646.
- the front end face of the conductive ring 647 is in contact with the rear end face of the large end of the stepped small shaft 648 of the rotary shaft, and the rear end face faces the hollow motor 646.
- the hollow motor 646 is mounted on the rear end surface of the bearing gland 643, and the motor shaft of the air motor 646 is coupled to the rotating shaft.
- the lead screw 649 can extend into the hollow motor 646.
- the shaft is driven to rotate by the hollow motor 646, and the shaft is only rotatable relative to the horizontal guide 640.
- the independent insert 661, the insert 662, and the insert are uniformly fixed in the circumferential direction in the inner hole of the cylindrical front convex portion 665 of the second slide 660.
- the Z insert 661, the insert 662, and the insert 663 form a concentric circumferential surface.
- the rotating shaft 664 is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the insert 661, the insert 662, and the insert 663. Cooling runners 664 are provided in the insert 661, the insert 662, and the insert 663.
- the clamping workpiece device is a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the third mounting seat and a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the fourth mounting seat.
- the clamping workpiece device is a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the third mounting seat and a first tailstock mechanism mounted on the fourth mounting seat.
- the main body frame is an artificial stone or a resin synthetic stone which can also be integrally formed.
- the tailstock mount of the tailstock and the chuck mount of the mounting chuck can also be embedded in the side of the main frame when forming the main support frame. Since these technical solutions are completely implementable according to the embodiments of the present specification, they will not be discussed in detail. Figure
- a cutter chuck may be provided on the main processing head, or the main processing head may be a paint head or a welding torch or a laser gun or a plasma cutting gun or a screw gun or a gas torch.
- the milling cutter is mounted on the tool chuck, the milling function can be realized; when the grinding wheel is mounted on the tool chuck, the grinding function can be realized; when the file is mounted on the tool chuck The function of the boring can be realized; when the drill bit is mounted on the cutter chuck, the drilling function can be realized; when the main processing head is the spray head, the spraying function can be realized; when the main processing head is the welding gun, it can be realized The function of welding; when the main processing head is a laser gun, the function of laser cutting and laser welding can be realized; when the main processing head is a plasma cutting gun, the function of plasma cutting can be realized; when the main processing head is a screw gun, screw can be installed The function. Since the structure of the main processing head can adopt the existing structure, it will not be described one by
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Abstract
一种数控设备,包括主体框架、装夹工件装置,主体框架包括底座、设置在底座相对两侧的第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部;将第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部相对两侧连接在一起的第一连接部和第二连接部,第一主支撑部、第一连接部、第二主支撑部、第二连接部首尾相连形成顶部设有工件进出口的闭环结构;在主体框架左侧、右侧、后侧一个以上的侧面上设有加工头、使加工头三轴以上运动的加工头运动机构;在主体框架左侧、右侧、后侧的三个侧面上均设有加工头,每个侧面上主加工头可选用不同的加工头,这样不需更换动力头,不需重新装夹工件,就可用三种不同的动力头加工工件的每个侧面,加工基准一致,且三个动力头可同时工作,效率高。
Description
一种数控设备 技术领域
本发明涉及数控设备, 特别是涉及一种数控机床。
背景技术
现有的数控设备, 一种是工作台运动。 如申请号为 201010284237.9 的发明专利中, 公开了一种数控龙门立式复合机床, 包括底座、 工作台、 立柱, 立柱通过立柱导轨活动连 接或者通过紧固件固定连接有复合横梁,复合横梁通过横梁导轨活动连接或者通过紧固件 固定连接有 2个以上的滑鞍, 滑鞍通过滑枕导轨活动连接有主轴装置; 底座、 立柱、 复合 横梁、 主轴装置上设有丝杆驱动装置, 丝杆驱动装置都连接电气数控装置。
一种是龙门架运动。这种结构的数控设备, 一种方式是驱动龙门架来回运动的驱动机 构需包括二根 X向丝杆或 X向同步带等和二个动力源, 需两个同步运动的电机驱动龙门 架, 因两个同步运动的电机很难实现完全同步运动、 或其中一个电机出现速度变慢或变快 造成 X向滑座运动不平衡产生扭力、 使 X向滑座偏移 X方向运动、 导致 X向滑座运动时 稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不畅的问题。 一种方式是 X向丝杆或 X向同步带位于龙门 架的一侧,驱动力完全偏向一边,造成龙门架运动不平衡产生扭力使龙门架偏移 Y方向运 动、 导致 Y向滑座运动时稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不畅、 运动不能太快, 不能适应 X 向前导轨、 X向后导轨大间距的大机床。
上述现有技术主轴的运动需要底座运动或龙门架运动来实现, 需要运动的装夹工件 的底座和工件的重量或龙门架的重量比主轴装置及其承载装置的重量重很多, 因此大大浪 费加工工件时的能源, 增加设备运动件的惯性, 降低设备的进给精度和工件加工精度, 降 低了 Y向的移动速度和加工效率,增加了设备运动件和导轨之间的磨损。由于底座导轨或 龙门架导轨安装在装夹工件装置的下方,这样从工件上加工下来的铁屑等容易进入到导轨 内。
申请号为 201010155118.3的发明专利中, 公开了一种数控加工中心, 包括用于装卡 工件的工作台, 工作台上设置有横向立柱, 横向立柱上安装有十字滑座, 十字滑座的上端 连接有 Y轴丝杆, 十字滑座的下端连接有 X轴丝杆, Y轴丝杆的上部设有可延垂直滑枕 上下运动的纵向立柱, 纵向立柱上连接有 Z轴丝杆, 垂直滑枕下端连接带有刀具的主轴。 该发明的动柱型数控加工中心, 由于安装主轴的纵向立柱仅一边被支撑, 导致主轴运动时 稳定性不好、 定位不准、 运动不畅、 运动不能太快。
一种数控设备, 主体框架仅包括底座、 设置在底座上的一堵墙式的主支撑部, 在主支 撑部上仅可设有一个加工头、使加工头三轴以上运动的加工头运动机构。 由于主支撑部为 一堵墙式的结构, 因此当加工头、 加工头运动机构重量较重或加工头的加工力很大是, 主 支撑部易变形, 导致主支撑部和底座不垂直, 这样就使加工头和工作台之间产生很大的形 位公差, 从而导致加工工件产生很大的形位公差, 大大影响加工精度。 由于主支撑部为一 堵墙式的结构, 只可安装一个加工头, 当选用不同的加工工具对工件加工时, 必须更换加 工工具, 不可以同时使用多种工具对工件进行加工。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种方便加工工件的侧面、 加工头运动时稳定性好、 不易产生不平衡扭力的数控设备。
一种数控设备, 包括主体框架、 装夹工件装置, 主体框架包括底座、 设置在底座相对 两侧的第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部;将第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部相对两侧连接在一 起的第一连接部和第二连接部, 第一主支撑部、 第一连接部、 第二主支撑部、 第二连接部
首尾相连形成顶部设有工件进出口的闭环结构; 在主体框架左侧、 右侧、 后侧一侧以上设 有加工头、使加工头三轴以上运动的加工头运动机构; 主体框架安装有加工头的侧面为方 形闭环结构; 加工头运动机构包括: 第一滑座, 在主支撑架和第一滑座间、 靠近第一滑座 的两侧设有相互配合的第一导轨; 驱动第一滑座来回运动的第一滑座驱动装置; 第一驱动 装置包括驱动第一滑座来回运动、安装在第一导轨之间与第一导轨平行的一根第一丝杆或 一组第一直线电机, 第一丝杆穿过第一滑座两端安装在主体框架的安装部上或第一直线 电机定子固定在主体框架的安装部上; 还包括第二滑座, 在第一滑座和第二滑座之间、 靠 近第二滑座的两侧设有相互配合的第二导轨, 驱动第二滑座来回运动的第二滑座驱动装 置; 还设有安装在第二滑座上的侧向主轴装置, 侧向主轴装置包括导杆、 驱动导杆水平方 向运动的导杆驱动装置, 设置在导杆端部的加工头。
作为方案一的改进, 第一滑座驱动装置包括一个第一驱动电机, 驱动第一滑座来回运动、 与第一导轨平行的一根与第一驱动电机的电机轴连接的第一丝杆,与第一丝杆配合的第一 丝杆螺母; 第一丝杆位于两侧的第一导轨之间; 第一驱动电机安装在主支撑架上, 第一丝 杆螺母固定在第一滑座上, 第一丝杆与第一丝杆螺母配合; 第一丝杆穿过主体框架、 第 一滑座、 再安装在主体框架相对的一侧, 第一丝杆与主体框架、 第一滑座避空; 第一滑座 为开口朝向水平方向的方形闭环结构;
第二滑座驱动装置包括一个第二驱动电机, 驱动第二滑座来回运动、 与第二导轨平行的一 根与第二驱动电机的电机轴连接的第二丝杆, 与第二丝杆配合的第二丝杆螺母; 第二驱动 电机安装在第一滑座的一个侧面上, 第二丝杆螺母固定在第二滑座上, 第二丝杆与第二 丝杆螺母配合; 第二丝杆穿过第一滑座安装有第二驱动电机的一侧、 第二滑座、 再安装在 第一滑座远离第二驱动电机的一侧, 第二丝杆与第一滑座、 第二滑座避空;
导杆穿过第二滑座; 导杆驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机、一根与第三驱动电机的电机轴 连接的第三丝杆、 第三丝杆螺母; 第三丝杆螺母与导杆安装在一起且位置固定。 采用丝杆 和丝杆螺母配合, 结构简单, 精度高。
作为方案二的改进, 导杆穿过第二滑座; 在第二滑座上设有水平方向的支撑部, 在支 撑部上设有电机安装板, 第三驱动电机安装在电机安装板的一侧, 与第三驱动电机的电机 轴连接的第三丝杆穿过电机安装板与第三丝杆螺母配合,支撑部可以为第三丝杆来回运动 提供足够的行程, 结构简单。
作为方案一的改进, 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第二滑座安装在一起, 在导杆内 设有仅可相对导杆转动地转轴或主轴; 第三丝杆螺母与导杆固定, 在转轴或主轴的外周安 装有驱动转轴或主轴旋转的第一转子, 在导杆内安装有与第一转子配合的第一定子。采用 第一定子和第一转子配合来驱动转轴, 结构简单, 安装方便。
作为方案一的改进, 还设有与导杆位置的摆座; 还设有安装在摆座内的第二定子, 安装在 第二定子内与第二定子配合的第二转子, 安装在第二转子内的水平方向的摆轴, 加工头的 加工头座固定在摆轴上或与摆轴一体成型。摆轴的驱动通过第二定子和第二转子的配合来 实现, 结构简单, 安装方便, 减少安装空间。
作为方案一的改进, 支撑部为与导杆配合的管状的导套; 在导套、 第二滑座内设有与 导杆配合地贯通的导向孔, 导杆可来回水平运动地安装在导向孔内, 电机安装板密封导 套的导向孔远离第二滑座的端部。 电机安装板密封导套的导向孔的端部部, 灰尘不易进入 水平方向导杆和导套之间的间隙,进一步提高导向效果,减少因灰尘进入导向间隙的磨损。
作为方案一的改进, 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第二滑座安装在一起; 在滑座内 固定有两条第一水平方向直线导轨轨道,在导杆上固定有与相应的第一水平方向直线导轨 轨道配合的第二水平方向直线导轨轨道。通过第一水平方向直线导轨轨道和第二水平方向 直线导轨轨道配合水平方向导向, 导向效果好, 水平方向导杆不需要再设计止转结构。 特
别是当第一水平方向直线导轨轨道和第二水平方向直线导轨轨道磨损后,只需更换第一水 平方向直线导轨轨道和第二水平方向直线导轨轨道即可, 不需更换水平方向导杆。
作为方案一的改进, 在导杆上设有止转槽, 在第二滑座上设有与导杆配合的水平方向 导套, 在水平方向导套上安装有与止转槽配合的止转件。用止转结构来防止水平方向导杆 转动, 结构简单, 各个零件的设计方便。
作为方案一的改进, 在第二滑座上设有与导杆配合的水平方向导套; 导杆仅可水平方 向来回运动地与第二滑座安装在一起; 第三丝杆螺母固定在导杆上; 还设有防止导杆沿导 杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构; 止转结构包括止转块, 在导杆上设有容置止转块的容置 部, 在第三止转块和导杆间设有弹簧; 止转块凸出导杆的外周, 在与导杆配合的导向孔内 设有与止转块配合的止转槽。
作为方案一的改进, 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第二滑座安装在一起, 在导杆内 设有仅可相对导杆转动地转轴或主轴; 在转轴或主轴外周设有导电环, 在转轴或主轴内设 有与导电环连通的电线容置孔或电线容置槽, 在电线容置孔或电线容置槽内容置有电线, 电线的一端与导电环电连接, 另一端与安装在转轴上的电机电连接; 导电环电连接外部电 源的电刷摩擦电连接,电刷与导杆固定。使用电刷如碳刷或石墨电刷和导电环摩擦电连接, 在水平方向导杆连续 360° 转动时, 可防止与转动的水平向导杆固定的电机电线缠绕, 且 结构简单。
作为方案一的改进, 在靠近第一丝杆或第一直线电机的一侧、在第一滑座的一个侧面 和主体框架之间还设有第一滑座角向导轨, 第一滑座角向导轨与第一导轨的安装角度垂 直。 第一滑座角向导轨, 可克服因 X向丝杆侧偏产生的滑座侧向力, 保证滑座平稳运动。
作为方案一的改进, 第一连接部和 /或第二连接部的顶部平面低于第一主支撑部和第 二主支撑部的顶部平面, 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧中上部和 /或右侧中上部不 连接在一起形成工件进出口,便于将工件吊装到数控设备内安装到装夹工件装置上或拆卸 时吊住装夹工件装置上的工件和将工件从数控设备内吊出。
作为方案一的改进, 第一驱动装置为一组直线电机, 包括直线电机定子和直线电机动 子, 直线电机定子为长条状, 固定在第一主支撑部或第二主支撑部上, 直线电机动子固定 在第一滑座的底面。 长条状的直线电机定子, 结构简单, 驱动效果好, 安装方便。
作为方案一至十三的共同改进,装夹工件装置包括安装在主体框架上的第一卡盘机构 和第二卡盘机构、 或第一卡盘机构和第一尾座机构、 或第一卡盘机构, 第一卡盘机构安装 在主体框架侧面上,第二卡盘机构或第一尾座机构可相对主体框架来回水平方向移动的安 装在主体框架上; 加工头包括刀具装夹头。
作为改进,第一主支撑部、第二主支撑部、第一连接部、第二连接部和底座一体成型, 在主体框架相对的两侧分别设有上方与连接部连接、下方与底座连接、 两侧与第一主支撑 部和第二主支撑部连接的第三安装座、或第三安装座和第四安装座, 第三安装座与主体框 架一体成型、或第三安装座和第四安装座与主体框架一体成型; 在第三安装座上设有安装 第一卡盘机构的水平方向的第一圆通孔,或在第三安装座上设有安装第一卡盘机构的水平 方向的第一圆通孔及在第四安装座上设有安装第二卡盘机构或第一尾座机构、与第一圆通 孔同轴的第二圆通孔, 可以实现车铣复合加工。
作为方案一至十三的共同改进,主体框架为一体成型的人造石或树脂合成石或水泥混 凝土主体框架; 在底座上还设有在成型底座时嵌入底座上用来安装工作台的工作台支撑 块, 或在成型底座时嵌入底座上的工作台, 和纖在成型主支撑架时嵌入主体框架侧面的 安装卡盘的两个卡盘固定座; 和 ί滅在成型主支撑架时嵌入主体框架侧面的安装尾座的尾 座固定座和安装卡盘的卡盘固定座。 摩
主支撑架采用一体成型的人造石或树脂合成石或水泥混凝土主体框架, 成本低, 由于
是常温成形,热膨胀系数小, 内应力很小可以忽略不计,所以成形的设备框架结构变形小, 特别是可以象建造房屋一样浇注非常大型的主体框架。 在浇注成型底座、 主支撑部、 主支 撑架时将卡盘固定座和尾座固定座嵌入主体框架, 解决了水泥无法用于机加工的问题, 便 于将卡盘和尾座的安装, 保证卡盘和尾座的安装精度。浇注定型后再加工导轨支撑条或直 线硬轨轨道或直线滑动轨道或卡盘固定座和尾座固定座或工作台或工作台支撑块至达到 形位公差精度要求。 差
作为方案一至十三的共同改进, 在主体框架上设有储物腔。 可以将电气设备、 刀具库 等安装在储物腔内, 节省空间, 使数控设备外观美观。 差
在主体框架左侧、 右侧、 后侧的三个侧面上均设有加工头、 使加工头三轴以上运动的 所述加工头运动机构; 主体框架结构包括底座, 装夹工件装置为安装在底座上仅可相对底 座旋转运动地旋转工作台。 使用旋转工作台, 不需要重新装夹工件, 即可对工件的各个侧 面进行加工。
第一主支撑部、 第一连接部、 第二主支撑部、 第二连接部形成闭环结构, 一方面可以 将支撑第一滑座的支撑力较均匀的传递到底座上, 因此对第一滑座有很好的承载作用, 主 支撑架刚性好, 非常有利于保证加工头和工作台之间的形位公差, 从而保证加工工件的形 位公差和精度。主体框架安装有加工头的侧面为方形闭环结构, 第一滑座驱动装置可以实 现第一丝杆或第一直线电机位于第一导轨之间,从而可以实现只需一根第一丝杆或第一直 线电机和一个动力源驱动第一滑座运动, 还有导轨位的加工基准一致, 保证了导轨的形位 精度。驱动第一滑座来回运动只需一根第一丝杆或第一直线电机和一个动力源, 可以克服 在第一导轨的位置安装两个同步运动的电机驱动第一滑座、因两个同步运动的电机很难实 现完全同步运动、 或其中一个电机出现速度变慢或变快造成第一滑座运动不平衡产生扭 力、使第一滑座偏移 X方向运动、 导致第一滑座运动时稳定性不好、 定位不准、运动不畅 的问题。第一丝杆或第一直线电机位于第一导轨之间, 还可以克服仅在第一导轨一侧的位 置安装一个驱动装置驱动第一滑座、因驱动力完全偏向一边造成第一滑座运动不平衡产生 扭力使第一滑座偏移 X方向运动、导致第一滑座运动时稳定性不好、定位不准、运动不畅、 运动不能太快, 不能适应第一导轨大间距的大机床。 主体框架顶部设有工件进出口, 可以 使用天车等设备对工件吊装, 从工件进出口进入数控设备内安装到装夹工件装置上, 或从 装夹工件装置上拆卸下来的工件从工件进出口吊出,便于大型工件的装夹。在左侧、右侧、 后侧一侧以上设有加工头, 可以方便地对工件侧面的进行加工。 在左侧、 右侧、 后侧两个 以上的侧面上设有加工头,, 工作台可旋转运动时, 可以实现不需要重新装夹工件选择不 同的工具对工件不同侧面的不同形位进行加工。 当在主体框架的左侧、 右侧、 后侧上均安 装有加工头,加工头均可七轴联动加工,工作台可旋转运动时,可实现二十二轴联动加工。 在加工头上设有刀具装夹头、或加工头为喷漆头或焊枪或激光枪或等离子切割枪或螺丝枪 或气割枪或电火花加工头。 当在刀具装夹头上安装有铣刀时, 可以实现铣削的功能; 当在 刀具装夹头上安装有砂轮时, 可以实现磨削的功能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有镗刀时, 可 以实现镗孔的功能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有钻头时, 可以实现钻孔的功能; 当加工头为 喷漆头时, 可以实现喷涂的功能; 当加工头为焊枪时, 可以实现焊接的功能; 当加工头为 激光枪时, 可以实现激光切割和或激光焊接的功能; 当加工头为等离子切割枪时, 可以实 现等离子切割的功能; 当加工头为螺丝枪, 可以实现装螺丝的功能。 在主体框架左侧、 右 侧、 后侧的三个侧面上均设有加工头, 每个侧面上加工头可选用不同的加工头, 如在左侧 的加工头可为安装镗刀的动力头, 后侧的加工头可为安装铣刀的动力头, 右侧的加工头可 为安装钻头的动力头, 又由于工作台可旋转, 这样不需更换动力头, 不需重新装夹工件, 就可 三种不同的动力头加工工件的每个侧面,加工基准一致,且三个动力头可同时工作, 效率高。
附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例 1的立体示意图。
图 2是本发明实施例 1从另一个方向投影的立体示意图。
图 3是本发明实施例 1的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 4是本发明实施例 1的第二滑座、侧向主轴装置、加工头沿导杆的轴线位置剖切的 示意图。
图 5是沿图 4的 A-A位置剖切的示意图。
图 6是本发明实施例 2的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 7是本发明实施例 3的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 8是本发明实施例 3的第二滑座、侧向主轴装置、加工头沿导杆的轴线位置剖切的 示意图。
图 9是沿图 8的 B-B位置剖切的示意图。
图 10是本发明实施例 4的立体示意图。
图 11是本发明实施例 5的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 12是本发明实施例 6的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 13是本发明实施例 7的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 14是本发明实施例 8的立体示意图。
图 15是本发明实施例 8的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 16是本发明实施例 9的立体示意图。
图 17是本发明实施例 9的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 18是本发明实施例 10的立体示意图。
图 19是本发明实施例 10的第二滑座、侧向主轴装置 、加工头沿导杆的轴线位置剖切 的示意图。
图 20是本发明实施例 11的立体示意图。
图 21是本发明实施例 12的立体示意图。
图 22是本发明实施例 12的尾座的立体分解示意图。
图 23是本发明实施例 13的立体示意图。
图 24是本发明实施例 13的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置 、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 25是本发明实施例 14的立体示意图。
图 26是本发明实施例 14的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 27是本发明实施例 15的立体示意图。
图 28是本发明实施例 15的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 29是本发明实施例 17的立体示意图。
图 30是本发明实施例 17的立体示意图。
图 30是本发明实施例 17的立体示意图。
图 31是本发明实施例 18的第二滑座、 侧向主轴装置 、 加工头的立体分解示意图。 图 32是本发明实施例 19的立体示意图。
图 33是本发明实施例 19的立体示意图。
图 34是本发明实施例 20的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置、 主加工头从后向上旋转 90° 的立 体示意图。
图 35是本发明实施例 20的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置、 主加工头从后向上旋转 90° 的立 体分解示意图。
图 36是本发明实施例 20的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置、 主加工头沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置 剖切从后向上旋转 90° 的示意图。
图 37是本发明实施例 21的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置、 主加工头沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置 剖切从后向上旋转 90° 的示意图。
图 38是本发明实施例 22的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置、 主加工头沿 Z向导杆的轴线位置 剖切从后向上旋转 90° 的示意图。
图 39是本发明实施例 23的 Y向滑座、 主轴装置、 主加工头从后向上旋转 90° 的立 体分解示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例 1
如图 1至图 5所示, 一种数控机床, 包括一体成型的主体框架 1, 工作台 2。 主体框 架 1包括方形的底座 3, 与底座 3—体成型设置在底座 3四个转角位置的主支撑柱 4、 分 别设置在底座 3的右侧和后侧的中间位置的连接部 5。 与主支撑柱 4一体成型设置在主支 撑柱 4上部的连接部 6。 主体框架 1的左侧、 前侧为开口朝向水平方向的方形闭环结构。 置于底座 3左侧的两个主支撑柱 4和连接部 6形成第一主支撑部,置于底座 3右侧的两个 主支撑柱 4和连接部 6形成第二主支撑部,将第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部前侧连接在一 起连接部 6为第一连接部,将第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部后侧连接在一起连接部 6为第 二连接部。
还包括第一滑座 7。 在主体框架 1和第一滑座 7间设有相互配合的第一导轨。 第一滑 座 7可沿第一导轨来回滑动。
第一滑座 7包括开口朝向水平方向的方框,在方框的竖直方向的前后两个侧面上分别 凸设有第一固定块 13, 在方框朝向主体框架 1的侧面上设有凸部 14。
第一导轨包括竖直方向安装在主体框架 1的左侧面上、并靠近主体框架 1的前后两侧、 设有滚珠的第一直线滑动轨道 15,竖向固定在第一固定块 13底面与第一直线滑动轨道 15 配合的第一导轨滑座 16。
还包括驱动第一滑座 7来回运动的第一滑座驱动装置;第一滑座驱动装置包括一个第 一驱动电机 10, 驱动第一滑座 7来回运动、 与第一直线滑动轨道 15平行的一根与第一驱 动电机 10的电机轴连接的第一丝杆 11, 与第一丝杆 11配合的第一丝杆螺母 8, 第一丝杆 螺母 8固定在凸部 14与第一滑座 7结合的位置。
还包括安装在连接部 6的左侧面上的第一丝杆安装座 17, 安装在底座 3上的第一丝 杆座 12, 第一驱动电机 10安装在第一丝杆安装座 17面上, 第一丝杆 11远离第一驱动电 机 10的一端穿过第一丝杆安装座 17、 第一丝杆螺母 8后安装在第一丝杆座 12上; 第一 丝杆 11位于两根第一直线滑动轨道 15之间。
还包括第二滑座 18, 在第一滑座 7和第二滑座 18间设有相互配合的第二导轨。
还包括驱动第二滑座 18来回运动的第二滑座驱动装置。 第二滑座驱动装置包括一个 第二驱动电机 21, 驱动第二滑座 18来回运动、与第二导轨平行的一根与第二驱动电机 21 的电机轴连接的第二丝杆 22, 与第二丝杆 22配合的第二丝杆螺母 9。
第二滑座 18包括第二滑座板 24,从第二滑座板 24水平方向凸设的第一 U型凸部 25, 从第二滑座板 24背离 U型凸部 25方向水平凸设的第二 U型凸部 26。第二滑座板 24在上 下方向均凸出第一 U型凸部 25、第二 U型凸部 26。第二丝杆螺母 9固定在第二 U型凸部 26与第二滑座板 24结合的位置。
第二导轨为滑轨; 包括直接固定在第一滑座 7的左侧面上、 并靠近第一滑座 7的顶面 和底面、 设有滚珠的第二直线滑动轨道 27, 固定在第二滑座板 24的右侧面上与第二直线 滑动轨道 27配合的第二导轨滑座 29。
还包括安装在第一固定块 13 的左侧面上、 靠近第一滑座 7 的前侧的第二丝杆安装座 28、 靠近第一滑座 7的后侧的第二丝杆安装座 20, 第二驱动电机 21安装在第二丝杆安装 座 28上, 第二丝杆 22远离第二驱动电机 21的一端穿过第二丝杆安装座 28、 第二丝杆螺 母 9、 第二滑座 18安装在第二丝杆安装座 20上。 第二丝杆 22位于两根第二直线滑动轨
道 27之间。
还设有安装在第二滑座 18上的侧向主轴装置。 侧向主轴装置包括可左右运动的圆形 导杆 30, 端盖 31, 仅可相对导杆 30转动的转轴 32, 驱动转轴 32旋转的第一转子 33和 第一定子 34, 轴承 35, 轴承 19, 两条安装在第二滑座 18的第一 U型凸部 25、 第二 U型 凸部 26的底面并贯穿第二滑座 18的第一水平方向直线滑轨轨道 36, 驱动导杆 30水平方 向来回运动的导杆驱动装置。 在导杆 30的两侧对称凸设有水平方向导向固定部 37, 在水 平方向导向固定部 37上固定有第二水平方向直线滑轨轨道 38, 在第二水平方向直线滑轨 轨道 38上设有与第一水平方向直线滑轨轨道 36配合的导槽 39。在第一 U型凸部 25上固 定有电机固定板 40。
导杆驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机 41、 驱动导杆 30水平方向来回运动的一根第三 丝杆 42。转轴 32包括与导杆 30内孔配合的大轴 44、 从大轴 44的一个端面上延伸设有的 小轴 45、 从大轴 44的另一个端面上延伸设有小轴 43, 轴承 35套在小轴 45上并于大轴 44端面接触, 第一转子 33套在小轴 45上并与轴承 35端面接触, 第一定子 34安装在导 杆 30内与第一转子 33配合。 端盖 31固定在导杆 30的左端面上将第一定子 34、 第一转 子 33安装在导杆 30内。 第三丝杆螺母 46固定在端盖 31的中心。 第三驱动电机 41安装 在电机固定板 40上, 第三丝杆 42的一端通过轴联接器 47与第三驱动电机 41连接, 第三 丝杆 42的另一端穿过电机固定板 40与第三丝杆螺母 46配合, 并伸入转轴 32内与转轴 32避空。 导杆 30穿过第二滑座 18。 转轴 32的右端穿过导杆 30并凸出导杆 30, 轴承 19 安装在小轴 43上并置于导杆 30内, 加工头 48安装在转轴 32上。
实施例 2
如图 6所示, 与实施例 1不同的是, 第二滑座 50包括第二滑座板 51, 从第二滑座板 51左侧凸设的圆管形第一导套 52, 从第二滑座板 51右侧凸设的圆管形第二导套 53, 第 二滑座板 51外周为方形, 周边凸出圆管形第一导套 52、 圆管形第二导套 53。
侧向主轴装置包括可水平方向来回运动的圆形导杆 56, 端盖 57, 安装在导杆 56内仅 可相对导杆 56转动的转轴 58, 驱动转轴 58旋转的第一转子 59和第一定子 60, 轴承 61, 轴承 62, 驱动导杆 56水平方向来回运动的导杆驱动装置, 止转件 55。 在导杆 56上设有 轴向贯穿导杆 56的止转槽 63, 在圆管形第一导套 52的侧向孔 54内安装有与止转槽 63 配合的止转件 55。 导杆 56穿过第二滑座 50。 转轴 58的一端穿过导杆 56, 在转轴 58上 固定有摆座 64; 还包括安装在摆座 64上的水平方向的摆轴 65和与摆轴 65连接的摆轴电 机 66, 加工头 67安装在摆轴 65上。
实施例 3
如图 7至图 9所示, 与实施例 1不同的是, 第二滑座 70包括第二滑座板 71, 从第二 滑座板 71左侧凸设的第一凸部 72, 从第二滑座板 71右侧凸设的第二凸部 73。 在第一凸 部 72、 第二凸部 73的外侧面设有固定平面 74, 在固定平面 74设有侧凸部 75。 第二滑座 板 71外周为方形, 周边凸出第一凸部 72、 第二凸部 73。 在第二滑座 70内设有贯穿第一 凸部 72、 第二滑座板 71、 第二凸部 73的圆孔 78和方孔 79, 圆孔 78置于方孔 79的中心 位置, 圆孔 78的直径大于方孔 79的宽度, 小于方孔 79的长度。
在方孔 79的同一个侧面上固定有两条第一水平方向直线滑轨轨道 80, 在水平方向导 向固定部 81 上固定有第二水平方向直线滑轨轨道 82, 在第二水平方向直线滑轨轨道 82 上设有与第一水平方向直线滑轨轨道 80配合的导槽 83。
实施例 4
如图 10所示, 与实施例 2不同的是, 侧向主轴装置包括可左右运动的圆形导杆 90, 端盖 91, 安装导杆 90内仅可相对导杆 90转动的转轴 92, 驱动转轴 92旋转的第一转子 93和第一定子 94, 轴承 95, 驱动导杆 90水平方向来回运动的导杆驱动装置, 防止导杆
90沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构。 在导杆 90的后端面上设有与导杆 90的侧面连 通的容置槽 96; 止转结构包括安装在容置槽 96内的第三止转块 98、 第四止转块 97, 在 第三止转块 98、 第四止转块 97之间设有第三弹簧 99, 端盖 91将第三止转块 98、 第四止 转块 97限制在导杆 90上设定范围内移动; 在水平方向导套 100内设有止转槽(未示出), 第三止转块 98远离第三弹簧 99的一侧凸出导杆 90的外周伸入止转槽 (未示出) 内与止 转槽 (未示出) 配合; 在水平方向导套 100上还设有顶紧螺丝 102, 顶紧螺丝 102顶紧第 四止转块 97背离第三止转块 98的一侧。
第三丝杆螺母 103固定在导杆 90上。 第三驱动电机 104安装在电机固定板 105上, 第三丝杆 106的一端通过轴联接器 107与第三驱动电机 104连接,第三丝杆 106的另一端 穿过电机固定板 105、 端盖 91与第三丝杆螺母 103配合, 并伸入转轴 92内与转轴 92避 空。
转轴 92的右端穿过导杆 90, 在转轴 92上固定有摆座 108。在摆座 108内安装有第二 定子 110, 在第二定子 110 内安装与第二定子 110配合的第二转子 111, 在第二转子 111 内安装有水平方向的摆轴 112, 加工头 109的加工头座 113固定在摆轴 112上。
在转轴 92外周设有导电环 114,在转轴 92内设有与导电环 114连通的电线容置孔 115, 在电线容置孔 115内容置有电线 116, 电线 116的一端与导电环 114电连接, 另一端与安 装在转轴 92上的主轴电机和定子 110电连接; 导电环 114与电连接外部电源的碳刷 (未 示出) 摩擦电连接, 碳刷与导杆 90固定。
实施例 5
如图 11所示, 侧向主轴装置包括可水平方向来回运动的圆形导杆 120, 端盖 121, 驱 动导杆 120左右运动的导杆驱动装置,防止导杆 120沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构。 与实施例 4不同的是, 加工头的刀具装夹头 122直接安装在导杆 120上。
实施例 6
如图 12所示, 与实施例 4不同的是, 圆管形第一导套 131固定在第二滑座 132上。 实施例 7
如图 13所示, 与实施例 4不同的是, 在导杆 143的侧面上设有盲孔 141。 止转结构 包括第三止转块 142, 在第三止转块 142和导杆 143间设有第三弹簧 145, 第三弹簧 145、 第三止转块安装在盲孔 141内,第三弹簧 145安装在盲孔 141的底面与第三止转块 142之 间, 第三止转块 142凸出导杆 143的外周, 在与导杆 143配合的导向孔 (未示出) 内设有 与第三止转 142块配合的止转槽 (未示出)。
实施例 8
如图 14、 图 15所示, 一种数控设备, 包括主体框架、 装夹工件装置。 主体框架包括 底座 206、 设置在底座 206前后两侧的第一主支撑部 201和第二主支撑部 208, 将第一主 支撑部 201和第二主支撑部 208左右两侧连接在一起的第一连接部 237和第二连接部 238。 第一主支撑部 201、 第一连接部 237、 第二主支撑部 208、 第二连接部 238首尾依次连接 在一起形成方形闭环结构, 顶部形成工件进出口 239。 主体框架的左侧、 右侧、 前侧、 后 侧形成开口朝向水平方形的方形闭环结构。装夹工件装置包括安装在底座 206上仅可相对 底座 206旋转地工作台 207。
在主体框架的后侧还设有加工头 200、 使加工头 200三轴运动的加工头运动机构。 还包括第一滑座 211, 在后侧方形闭环结构和第一滑座 211间、 靠近第一滑座 211的 左右两侧设有相互配合的第一导轨。
第一导轨包括设置在第一滑座 211上、 靠近第一滑座 211两侧、 同轴的两个的第三导 杆圆通孔 212、同轴的两个第三导杆圆通孔 213,安装在第三导杆圆通孔 212内的导套 214, 安装在第三导杆圆通孔 213内的导套 215, 与 214导套配合的第三圆导杆 216, 与 215导
套配合的第三圆导杆 217, 第三圆导杆 216、 第三圆导杆 217的两端与后侧方形闭环结构 的上下两侧固定。
还包括驱动第一滑座 211来回运动的第一滑座驱动装置。第一滑座驱动装置包括一个 第一驱动电机 210, 驱动第一滑座 211来回运动、 与第一导轨平行的一根与第一驱动电机 210的电机轴连接的第一丝杆 218, 与第一丝杆 218配合的第一丝杆螺母 209。 第一丝杆 螺母 209、 第一丝杆 218位于两侧的第三圆导杆 216、 第三圆导杆 217之间。 第一驱动电 机 210安装在后侧方形闭环结构的上方, 第一丝杆螺母 209固定在第一滑座 211上, 第 一丝杆 218与第一丝杆螺母 209配合。第一丝杆 218穿过后侧方形闭环结构上侧、第一丝 杆螺母 209、 第一滑座 211、 再安装在后侧方形闭环结构下侧; 第一滑座 211为开口朝向 水平方向的方形闭环结构。
还包括第二滑座 221, 在第一滑座 211和第二滑座 221间设有相互配合的水平方向的 第二导轨。第二导轨包括设置在第二滑座 221上、靠近第二滑座 221两侧的两个位于同一 竖直面上的第四导杆圆通孔 202、 第四导杆圆通孔 203, 安装在第四导杆圆通孔 202内的 导套 204, 安装在第四导杆圆通孔 203内的导套 205, 与导套 204配合的第四圆导杆 (未 示出), 与导套 205配合的第四圆导杆 219, 与导套 204配合的第四圆导杆 (未示出)、 第 四圆导杆 219的两端与第一滑座 211固定。
还包括驱动第二滑座 221来回运动的第二滑座驱动装置。第二滑座驱动装置包括一个 第二驱动电机(未示出), 驱动第二滑座 221水平方向来回运动、与第四圆导杆(未示出)、 第四圆导杆 219平行的一根与第二驱动电机的电机轴连接的第二丝杆 220,与第二丝杆 220 配合的第二丝杆螺母 (未示出); 第二驱动电机 (未示出) 安装在第一滑座 211 的后侧面 上, 第二丝杆螺母(未示出)固定在第二滑座 221上, 第二丝杆 220与第二丝杆螺母(未 示出)配合; 第二丝杆 220穿过第一滑座 211安装有第二驱动电机的一侧、第二滑座 221、 再安装在第一滑座 211远离第二驱动电机(未示出)的一侧,第二丝杆 220与第二滑座 221 避空。
还设有安装在第二滑座 221上的侧向主轴装置,侧向主轴装置包括可水平运动的导向 部分为圆柱形的导杆 222, 固定在导杆 222后端面上的导杆顶座 223, 驱动导杆 222水平 运动的导杆驱动装置。 导杆顶座 223在垂直导杆 222轴线方向凸出导杆 222。 在第二滑座 221上固定有三根安装柱 225, 在安装柱 225上固定有安装座 226。
导杆 222穿过第二滑座 221。导杆驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机 227,驱动导杆 222 前后运动、 与第三驱动电机 227的电机轴连接的一根第三丝杆 228, 第三丝杆螺母 224。 第三驱动电机 227安装在安装座 226的后侧面上, 第三丝杆螺母 224固定在导杆顶座 223 上, 第三丝杆 228与第三丝杆螺母 224配合。
还设有防止导杆顶座 223沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构;止转结构包括安装在 导杆顶座 223上的止转块 230、限位盖 231,在止转块 230的一个侧面上设有止转凸部 232, 在止转凸部 232相背的两个面上设有水平方向与相邻两根安装柱 225配合的第四止转斜面 233, 在止转块 230朝向导杆 222的侧面上设有弹簧安装孔 234, 在导杆顶座 223朝向止 转块 230的一侧设有与弹簧安装孔 234配合的弹簧安装孔 (未示出), 弹簧安装孔 234与 导杆顶座 223上的弹簧安装孔 (未示出) 内安装有第四弹簧 235。 在导杆顶座 223上设有 容置止转块凹陷部 236, 止转块 230容置在容置止转块凹陷部 236内, 限位盖 231固定在 导杆顶座 223上将止转块 230可有极小位移地限制在容置止转块凹陷部 236 内。 在导杆 222内安装有仅可相对导杆 222转动的主轴 199, 动力头 198安装在主轴 199上, 主轴电 机 197安装在导杆顶座 223上并通过联轴器 196与主轴 199连接。
第三丝杆 228穿过止转块 230、 第三丝杆螺母 224再安装在第二滑座 221上, 第三丝 杆 228与止转块 230、 第二滑座 221避空。
实施例 9
如图 16、 图 17所示, 与实施例 8不同的是, 主体框架左侧也为开口朝向水平方向的 竖向方形闭环结构 240; 在左侧的竖向方形闭环结构 240上还设有加工头 241四轴运动的 四轴运动加工头运动机构。
四轴运动加工头运动机构与三轴运动加工头运动机构不同的是,导杆顶座 242固定在 导杆 243的端面上。 在导杆 243的端面上固定有摆座 244, 还包括安装在摆座 244上的水 平方向的摆轴 245和与摆轴 245连接的摆轴电机 246, 加工头 241安装在摆轴 245上。 实施例 10
如图 18、 图 19所示, 与实施例 9不同的是, 主体框架右侧为开口朝向水平方向的竖 向方形闭环结构 258;在右侧的竖向方形闭环结构 258上还设有加工头 269、使加工头 269 五轴运动的五轴运动加工头运动机构。
五轴运动加工头运动机构与三轴运动加工头运动机构不同的是,导杆顶座 260置于在 导杆 261的右端面上。 在导杆顶座 260上设有安装电机轴和联轴器 262的避空孔 263, 在 导杆顶座 260的右端面上固定有电机 264, 电机 264的电机轴通过联轴器 262与导杆 261 连接。 导杆 261仅可相对导杆顶座 260转动。 在导杆 261上一体成型有摆座 265, 还包括 安装在摆座 265上的水平方向的摆轴(未示出)和通过联轴器(未示出)与摆轴(未示出) 连接的电机 268, 加工头 269与摆轴 (未示出) 一体成型。
实施例 11
如图 20所示, 与实施例 10不同的是, 在主体框架后侧的竖向方形闭环结构 280上设 有的加工头运动机构 281为五轴运动加工头运动机构。在主体框架左侧的竖向方形闭环结 构 282上设有的加工头运动机构 283为五轴运动加工头运动机构。
工作台 284固定在底座 285上。五轴运动加工头运动机构与实施例 9的五轴运动加工 头运动机构相同。
实施例 12
如图 21、 图 22所示, 与实施例 8不同的是, 主体框架为一体成型的水泥混凝土主体 框架;装夹工件装置包括安装在主体框架的相对两侧的第一卡盘机构 300和第一尾座机构 301。 在第一主支撑部 319、 连接部 299、 第二主支撑部 298与底座 316形成的闭环结构内 设有上方与连接部 299连接、 下方与底座 316连接、 两侧与第一主支撑部 319、 第二主支 撑部 298连接的第三安装座 302, 在第一主支撑部 319、 连接部 297、 第二主支撑部 298 与底座 316形成的闭环结构内设有上方与连接部 297连接、下方与底座 316连接、 两侧与 第一主支撑部 319、 第二主支撑 298连接的第四安装座 303。 第三安装座 302和第四安装 座 303与主体框架一体成型。在第三安装座 302上设有安装第一卡盘机构 300的水平方向 的第一圆通孔 304, 在第四安装座 303上设有安装第一尾座机构 301、 与第一圆通孔 304 同轴的第二圆通孔 305。
第一卡盘机构 300为通用的用在数控设备上可自动旋转、 自动开合的卡盘机构。 在第四安装座 303背离第三安装座 302的面上延伸设有安装凸台 306,第二圆通孔 305 贯穿安装凸台 306。 第一尾座机构 301包括顶尖 307、 固定在顶尖 307上的螺杆 308, 固 定在安装凸台 306背离第三安装座 302的面上的安装柱 317, 固定在安装柱 317上的安装 座 309, 安装在安装座 309背离安装凸台 306的面上的顶尖驱动电机 310, 止转螺丝 311。 螺杆 308穿过安装座 309与顶尖驱动电机 310的电机轴连接。在安装凸台 306上设有与止 转螺丝 311配合的螺纹通孔, 在顶尖 307上设有与轴向的止转槽 313。 止转螺丝 311穿过 螺纹通孔伸入止转槽 313内。
在加工头 314上安装有铣刀 315。 在需要车时, 还可将铣刀换成车刀。
底座 316为平板状。 在底座 316上没有安装工作台。
如图 23、 图 24所示, 与实施例 12不同的是, 加工头运动机构为四轴运动加工头运 动机构。
四轴运动加工头运动机构与三轴运动加工头运动机构不同的是,导杆顶座 332固定在 导杆 333的端面上。 在导杆 333的端面上固定有摆座 334, 还包括安装在摆座 334上的水 平方向的摆轴 335和与摆轴 335连接的摆轴电机 336, 加工头 331安装在摆轴 335上。 实施例 14
如图 25、 图 26所示, 与实施例 12不同的是, 加工头运动机构为五轴运动加工头运动 机构。
五轴运动加工头运动机构与三轴运动加工头运动机构不同的是,导杆顶座 350置于在 导杆 351的右端面上。 在导杆顶座 350上设有安装电机轴和联轴器 352的避空孔 353, 在 导杆顶座 350的右端面上固定有电机 354, 电机 354的电机轴通过联轴器 352与导杆 351 连接。 导杆 351仅可相对导杆顶座 350转动。 在导杆 351上一体成型有摆座 355, 还包括 安装在摆座 355上的水平方向的摆轴 356和通过联轴器 357与摆轴 356连接的电机 358, 加工头 359与摆轴 356—体成型。 在底座上还设有在成型底座时嵌入底座的工作台第梗 实施例 15
如图 27、 图 28所示, 与实施例 14不同的是, 还包括在成型主支撑架时嵌入第三安 装座 371上的卡盘固定座 (未示出), 嵌入第四安装座 377上的卡盘固定座 370, 成型底 座第 时嵌入底座第 的工作台支撑块第請 工作台第髮固定在工作台支撑块第 ί 。 装 夹工件装置包括安装在第三安装座 371的的卡盘固定座上的第一卡盘机构 372和安装在第 四安装座上 377的的卡盘固定座 370上的第二卡盘机构。 第二卡盘机构包括卡盘 373、 固 定在卡盘 373上的卡盘转轴 374,安装在卡盘转轴 374外的导向杆 375,设置在导向杆 375 上的止转槽 376, 设置在第四安装座 377上的止转螺丝安装孔 (未示出), 安装在止转螺 丝安装孔 (未示出) 内与止转槽 376配合的止转螺丝 379, 与导向杆 375固定的导向杆座 380、 与导向杆座 380固定的导向杆座 381, 卡盘转轴驱动装置, 设置在第二主支撑部 392 上的固定杆 382, 设置在第四安装 377上的固定杆 393、 固定杆 394, 与固定杆 382、 固定 杆 393、 固定杆 394固定的电机固定板 383, 丝杆螺母 384, 与丝杆螺母 384配合的丝杆 385, 固定在电机固定板 383背离第二主支撑部 392的面上驱动电机 386。 丝杆螺母 384 固定在导向杆座 381上。
卡盘转轴驱动装置包括安装在导向杆座 380背离主支撑架的面上的驱动电机 387, 小 齿轮 388、 大齿轮 389、 传送带 390。 卡盘转轴 374远离固定卡盘 373的一端穿过第四安 装座 377与大齿轮 389固定,驱动电机 387的电机轴穿过导向杆座 380与小齿轮 388的轴 连接, 传送带 390套在大齿轮 389和小齿轮 388上。驱动电机 387驱动卡盘转轴 374在导 向杆 375内转动, 卡盘转轴 374相对导向杆 375仅可转动。
丝杆 385的一端与驱动电机 386连接, 丝杆 385的另一端穿过电机固定板 383、 丝杆 螺母 384、 导向杆座 381伸入导向杆 375内, 丝杆 385与导向杆 375避空。 通过驱动电机 386带动丝杆 385转动从而带动导杆 375、 卡盘 373相对第四安装座 377左右方向来回移 动。
实施例 16
如图 29所示, 与实施例 12不同的是, 置于底座 408左侧的第一主支撑部 401、 置于 底座 408右侧的第二主支撑部 402、 置于底座 408后侧的第一连接部 403、 置于底座 408 前侧的第二连接部 404均为支撑墙。 在第二连接部 404上设有门 405、 门 406。 在第一连 接部 403内为开口朝向水平方向的方形闭环结构。加工头和加工头运动机构安装在第一连 接部 403上。 第二主支撑部 402、 第一连接部 403、 第二连接部 404的顶面齐平。 第一主
支撑部 401 的顶面低于第一连接部 403。 第一主支撑部 401、 第一连接部 403、 第二主支 撑部 402、 第二连接部 404首尾相连形成顶部设有工件进出口 407的闭环结构。
实施例 17
如图 30所示, 与实施例 1不同的是, 置于底座 420左侧的第一主支撑部 421、 置于 底座 420后侧的第二连接部 424、 置于底座 420右侧的第二主支撑部 422的顶面齐平, 置 于底座 420前侧的第一连接部 423的顶面低于第一主支撑部 421的顶面,形成于顶部的工 件进出口 425连通的工件侧进出口 426, 便于吊工件进出数控设备。 在第一主支撑部 421 上设有左右开口的储物腔 427。
实施例 18
如图 31所示, 与实施例 1不同的是, 侧向主轴装置包括可水平运动的带有中心圆通 孔 (未示出) 的水平方向导杆 430, 端盖 431, 固定座 432, 摆座 436, 摆座驱动装置, 转 轴 439,转轴驱动装置,第一水平方向直线滑轨轨道 433,第二水平方向直线滑轨轨道 434, 水平方向驱动装置。端盖 431固定在水平方向导杆 430的左端面上, 水平方向驱动装置的 第三丝杆螺母 435固定在端盖上。
固定座 432固定在水平方向导杆 430的右端面上。摆座 436为 U形。转轴驱动装置包 括固定在固定座 432右端驱动摆座 436旋转的第一转子 437和第一定子 438。 转轴 439固 定在摆座 436的左端并安装在第一转子 437内。
在摆座 436的 U形凸部的一侧安装有第二转子 440和第二定子 441。加工头 442的加 工头座 443—侧的转轴 444安装在摆座 436的 U形槽内,另一侧的转轴 445安装在第二转 子 440内。
实施例 19
如图 32、 图 33所示, 第一滑座 460为设有开口朝向左侧的方形凹腔 461的方形框, 在凹腔 461底部设有中心通孔 462。 底座 463、 第一主支撑部 464、 第一连接部 465、 第二 主支撑部 466首尾连接在一起形成前后贯通的左侧方框。在左侧方框内靠近方框的前侧设 有第一前导轨安装部 (未示出) 和第一后导轨安装部 467。 第一前导轨安装部和第一后导 轨安装部 467连接底座 463和第一连接部 465。 在第一前导轨安装部和第一滑座 460间设 有相互配合的第一前导轨,在第一后导轨安装部和第一滑座 460间设有相互配合的第一后 导轨。 第一滑座 460可沿第一前导轨、 第一后导轨来回滑动。
第一前导轨包括安装在第一前导轨安装部的左侧面上的设有滚珠的第一前直线滑动 轨道, 固定在第一滑座 460右侧面上、 设有与第一前直线滑动轨道(未示出)配合的导槽 的第二前直线滑动轨道 469。 第一后导轨包括安装在第一后导轨安装部 467的左侧面上的 设有滚珠的第一后直线滑动轨道 470, 固定在第一滑座 460右侧面上、 设有与第一后直线 滑动轨道 470配合的导槽的第二后直线滑动轨道 (未示出)。
第一滑座驱动装置为直线电机组,包括相互配合的长条状的第一直线电机定子 471和 块状的第一直线电机动子 472。 在第一后导轨安装部 467的后侧面上设有安装第一直线电 机定子 471的凹槽 473,第一直线电机定子 471固定在凹槽 473内。第一直线电机动子 472 固定在第一滑座 460前面。
在第一滑座 460和第二滑座 474间设有相互配合的第二上导轨、 第二下导轨。
第二滑座驱动装置为直线电机组,包括相互配合的长条状的第二直线电机定子 475和 块状的第二直线电机动子 476。 在凹腔底部设有安装第二直线电机定子 475的凹槽 468。
第二滑座 474包括第二滑座板 477, 从垂直第二滑座板 477的后面延伸设有的两个同 心的环形后凸部 478、 环形后凸部 479, 从垂直第二滑座板 477的后面、 并靠近第二滑座 板 477的顶面延伸设有的凸部 480, 从垂直第二滑座板 477的前面延伸设有的环形前凸部 481。后凸部 478的两个侧面共面。前凸部 481与后凸部 478关于其中心位置水平面对称。
第二滑座板 477在四周均凸出后凸部 478、 后凸部 479。 在左侧方框的后内侧面上安装有 第一滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道 482, 在第一滑座 460的后外侧面上安装有、 设有与第一 滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道 482配合的导槽的第一滑座角向第二直线滑轨轨道(未示出)。 第二直线电机定子 475固定在凹槽 468内。 第二直线电机动子 476固定在第二滑座板 477 的前面上。
第二上导轨、第二下导轨为滑轨; 第二上导轨包括直接固定在第一滑座 460的方形凹 腔腔底的设有滚珠的第一直线滑动上轨道 (未示出), 固定在第二滑座板 477的前面、 设 有与第一直线滑动上轨道配合的第二直线滑动上轨道 485。 第二下导轨包括直接固定在第 一滑座 460的方形凹腔腔底的设有滚珠的第一直线滑动下轨道 486,固定在第二滑座板 477 的前面、 设有与第一直线滑动下轨道 486配合的第二直线滑动下轨道 487。
在左侧方框的上内侧面上安装有第二滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道,在凸部 480的上侧 面上安装有、设有与第二滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道配合的导槽的第二滑座角向第二直线 滑轨轨道 484。
还设有安装在第二滑座 474上的侧向主轴装置, 侧向主轴装置穿过中心通孔 462。 侧 向主轴装置包括可水平方向运动的带有中心圆通孔的水平方向导杆 488, 端盖 489, 固定 座 490, 转轴 491, 转轴驱动装置, 摆座 492, 摆座驱动装置, 两条安装在后凸部 478、 前 凸部 481的侧面上并贯穿第二滑座板 477的导杆第一直线滑轨轨道 493, 设有与导杆第一 直线滑轨轨道 493配合的导槽的导杆第二直线滑轨轨道 494, 驱动水平方向导杆 488水平 方向运动的 Z向驱动装置。 在水平方向导杆 488的两侧对称凸设有 Z向导向固定部 495, 导杆第二直线滑轨轨道 494固定在 Z向导向固定部 495后侧面上。
第三驱动装置为直线电机组,包括相互配合的第三直线电机定子 496和第三直线电机 动子 497。 在第二滑座 474上、 与水平方向导杆 488配合的通孔内设有轴向凹槽 498, 凹 槽 498贯穿后凸部 478、 第二滑座板 477、 前凸部 481。 在水平方向导杆 488上设有与凹 槽 498配合的动子安装平面 499。 第三直线电机定子 496安装在凹槽 498内, 第三直线电 机动子 497安装在动子安装平面 499上。
固定座 490固定在水平方向导杆 488的前端面上。摆座 492为 U形。转轴驱动装置包 括安装在固定座 490—端驱动摆座 492旋转的第一转子 500和第一定子 501。 转轴 491固 定在摆座 492的后端面上并安装在第一转子 500内。
摆座驱动装置包括安装在摆座 492—侧的 U形凸部 504上的第二转子(未示出)和第 二定子 (未示出)。 加工头的加工头座一侧的转轴 491安装在第二转子内, 另一侧的转轴 491安装在摆座 492另一侧的 U形凸部 505内。
在左侧方框的上内侧面上安装有第二滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道 483, 在凸部 480的 上侧面上安装有、设有与第二滑座角向第一直线滑轨轨道 483配合的导槽的第二滑座角向 第二直线滑轨轨道 484。
实施例 20
如图 34至图 36所示, 与实施例 3不同的是, 第二滑座 560包括第二滑座板 561, 固 定在第二滑座板 561后面的圆筒形导套 562, 从第二滑座板 561垂直向前凸设的圆柱形前 凸部 563。 在第二滑座板 561、 前凸部 563内设有通孔 564。 第二滑座板 561外周为方形, 周边凸出导套 562、 前凸部 563。
侧主轴装置包括水平方向导杆 570, 端盖 571, 外螺纹螺母 572, 外螺纹螺母 573, 轴 承压盖 574, 仅可相对水平方向导杆 570转动的转轴 575, 驱动转轴 575旋转的第一转子 576和第一定子 577, 轴承 578, 轴承 579, 驱动水平方向导杆 570前后运动的导杆驱动装 置。在水平方向导杆 570内设有与水平方向导杆 570同轴的由前到后、 从小到大形成阶梯 通孔的小孔 565、 中孔 566、 中孔 567、 大孔 582。 在轴承压盖 574内设有由大孔 584、 小
孔 587, 形成后大前小的阶梯通孔。 还包括导电环 592和电刷 593。 在导套 562的后端部 固定有电机固定板 590。导杆驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机 585、驱动水平方向导杆 570 前后运动的一根第三丝杆 586、 第三丝杆螺母 596。 转轴 575包括由前到后的小轴 568、 中轴 569、 大轴 580、 中轴 581、 小轴 583。 在转轴 575内设有中心通孔 591。 轴承 578安 装在中轴 581的外周上其前端面与大轴 580的后端面接触。轴承 579安装在中轴 569的外 周。 导电环 592安装在小轴 583的外周, 其前端面与轴承 578的后端面接触。 第一转子 576安装在小轴 583的外周, 其前端面与导电环 592的后端面接触。 第一定子 577安装在 第一转子 576外。 小轴 568伸入通孔 564内, 轴承 579的前端面与中孔 566的底面接触, 轴承 578、 轴承 579的外周与中孔 566的孔壁配合。 轴承压盖 574的大孔 584的左端面与 第一转子 576和第一定子 577右端面接触,轴承压盖 574的前端面与轴承 578后端面接触。 在大孔 582内设有与螺母 572、 螺母 573配合的螺纹孔。 通过将螺母 572、 螺母 573旋入 螺纹孔内将轴承压盖 574固定在水平方向导杆 570内,从而将转轴 568可转动地安装在水 平方向导杆 570内。 电刷 593固定在水平方向导杆 570内并与导电环 592摩擦接触。端盖 571固定在水平方向导杆 570的后端。 第三丝杆螺母 596固定在端盖 571的中心并伸入水 平方向导杆 570、 转轴 575内, 与水平方向导杆 570、 转轴 575避空。 第三驱动电机 585 安装在电机固定板 590的后侧, 第三丝杆 586的一端通过轴联接器 597与第三驱动电机 585连接, 第三丝杆 586的另一端穿过电机固定板 590与第三丝杆螺母 596配合, 并伸入 水平方向导杆 570、 螺母 572、 螺母 573、轴承压盖 574、转轴 575内与水平方向导杆 570、 螺母 572、 螺母 573、 轴承压盖 574、 转轴 575避空。 水平方向导杆 570安装在导套 562 内。 转轴 575的前端穿过水平方向导杆 570并凸出水平方向导杆 570。
在转轴 575的前端还设有摆座 598; 在摆座 598内安装有第二定子 599, 在第二定子 599内同轴安装有第二转子 600, 在第二转子 600内同轴安装有水平方向的摆轴 601, 主 加工头 604的主加工头座 603与摆轴 601—体成型。导电环 592通过置于通孔 591内的电 线 602与安装在转轴 575上的主轴电机 (未示出) 和第二定子 599内电连接。
水平方向导杆 570的导向部分为圆柱形; 在水平方向导杆 570外周设有止转槽 605, 在导套 562内设有外大内小的侧向阶梯孔 609, 在阶梯孔 609的小孔内安装有可在阶梯孔 609的小孔内来回运动的止转件 606, 在阶梯孔 609的大孔内固定有固定件 607, 在固定 件 607和止转件 606间设有压簧 608。 通过止转件 606与止转槽 605配合, 防止水平方向 导杆 570前后运动时转动。
通过电机 585驱动丝杆 586转动, 使丝杆螺母 596相对丝杆 586仅前后运动, 由于丝 杆螺母 596与端盖 571固定, 水平方向导杆 570与端盖 571固定, 因此水平方向导杆 570 随丝杆 586转动仅前后运动。 转轴 575通过第一定子 577、 第一转子 576驱动在水平方向 导杆 570内仅可转动。
实施例 21
如图 37所示, 与实施例 20不同的是, 第二滑座包括第二滑座板 621, 从第二滑座板 621后端垂直向后延伸的圆筒形导套 622, 从第二滑座板 621垂直向前延伸的圆柱形前凸 部 623。
侧主轴装置包括水平方向导杆 624, 端盖 625, 外螺纹螺母 626, 外螺纹螺母 627, 轴 承压盖 628, 仅可相对水平方向导杆 624转动的转轴 629, 驱动转轴 629旋转的空心电机 630, 轴承 631, 轴承 632驱动水平方向导杆 624前后运动的导杆驱动装置。 导电环 633 后端面正对轴承压盖 628的大孔 634的前端面。空心电机 630安装在轴承压盖 628的后端 面上, 空心电机 630的电机轴与转轴 629连接。 丝杆 635伸入空心电机 630内。 转轴 629 通过空心电机 630驱动转动, 转轴 629相对水平方向导杆 624仅可转动。
在转轴 629的侧面设有轴向电线容置槽 637, 一端与导电环 633连接, 另一端与转轴 629上的电机连接的电线 638置于电线容置槽 637内。
实施例 22
如图 38所示, 与实施例 2不同的是, 安装在转轴的大轴 641上的轴承 642通过轴承 压盖 643固定,轴承压盖 643通过安装在水平方向导杆 640内的螺母 644、螺母 645固定。 转轴通过空心电机 646驱动。导电环 647的前端面与转轴的阶梯小轴 648的大端的后端面 接触, 后端面正对空心电机 646。 空心电机 646安装在轴承压盖 643的后端面上, 空心电 机 646的电机轴与转轴连接。丝杆 649可伸入空心电机 646内。转轴通过空心电机 646驱 动转动, 转轴相对水平方向导杆 640仅可转动。
实施例 23
如图 39所示, 与实施例 20不同的是, 在第二滑座 660的圆筒形的前凸部 665的内孔 内沿圆周方向均匀固定有独立的镶块 661、 镶块 662、 镶块 663。 Z镶块 661、 镶块 662、 镶块 663, 形成同心的圆周面。 转轴 664与镶块 661、 镶块 662、 镶块 663的内周面配合。 在镶块 661、 镶块 662、 镶块 663均设有冷却流道 664。
当数控设备为车床时, 装夹工件装置为安装在第三安装座第一卡盘机构, 安装在第四 安装座上的第一尾座机构。 当数控设备为外圆磨床时, 装夹工件装置为安装在第三安装座 第一卡盘机构, 安装在第四安装座上的第一尾座机构。 主体框架为还可为一体成型的人造 石或树脂合成石。在成型主支撑架时还可嵌入主体框架侧面的安装尾座的尾座固定座和安 装卡盘的卡盘固定座。 由于这些技术方案, 根据本说明书的实施例, 完全可以实施, 故不 再详细论述。 图
在本发明中, 在主加工头上可设有刀具装夹头、 或主加工头为喷漆头或焊枪或激光枪 或等离子切割枪或螺丝枪或气割枪。 当在刀具装夹头上安装有铣刀时, 可以实现铣削的功 能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有砂轮时, 可以实现磨削的功能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有镗 刀时, 可以实现镗孔的功能; 当在刀具装夹头上安装有钻头时, 可以实现钻孔的功能; 当 主加工头为喷漆头时,可以实现喷涂的功能; 当主加工头为焊枪时,可以实现焊接的功能; 当主加工头为激光枪时, 可以实现激光切割和或激光焊接的功能; 当主加工头为等离子切 割枪时, 可以实现等离子切割的功能; 当主加工头为螺丝枪, 可以实现装螺丝的功能。 由 于主加工头的结构均可采用现有结构, 故在本发明中不再一一描述。
图
Claims
1、 一种数控设备, 包括主体框架、 装夹工件装置, 其特征在于: 主体框架包括底座、 设置 在底座相对两侧的第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部; 将第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部相对两 侧连接在一起的第一连接部和第二连接部, 第一主支撑部、 第一连接部、 第二主支撑部、 第二连接部首尾相连形成顶部设有工件进出口的闭环结构; 在主体框架左侧、 右侧、 后侧 一侧以上设有加工头、 使加工头三轴以上运动的加工头运动机构; 主体框架安装有加工头 的侧面为方形闭环结构; 加工头运动机构包括: 第一滑座, 在主支撑架和第一滑座间、 靠 近第一滑座的两侧设有相互配合的第一导轨;驱动第一滑座来回运动的第一滑座驱动装置; 第一驱动装置包括驱动第一滑座来回运动、 安装在第一导轨之间与第一导轨平行的一根第 一丝杆或一组第一直线电机, 第一丝杆穿过第一滑座两端安装在主体框架的安装部上或第 一直线电机定子固定在主体框架的安装部上; 还包括第二滑座, 在第一滑座和第二滑座之 间、 靠近第二滑座的两侧设有相互配合的第二导轨, 驱动第二滑座来回运动的第二滑座驱 动装置; 还设有安装在第二滑座上的侧向主轴装置, 侧向主轴装置包括导杆、 驱动导杆水 平方向运动的导杆驱动装置, 设置在导杆端部的加工头。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一滑座驱动装置包括一个第一驱动 电机, 驱动第一滑座来回运动、 与第一导轨平行的一根与第一驱动电机的电机轴连接的第 一丝杆, 与第一丝杆配合的第一丝杆螺母; 第一丝杆位于两侧的第一导轨之间; 第一驱动 电机安装在主支撑架上,第一丝杆螺母固定在第一滑座上, 第一丝杆与第一丝杆螺母配合; 第一丝杆穿过主体框架、 第一滑座、 再安装在主体框架相对的一侧, 第一丝杆与主体框架、 第一滑座避空; 第一滑座为开口朝向水平方向的方形闭环结构;
第二滑座驱动装置包括一个第二驱动电机, 驱动第二滑座来回运动、 与第二导轨平行的一 根与第二驱动电机的电机轴连接的第二丝杆, 与第二丝杆配合的第二丝杆螺母; 第二驱动 电机安装在第一滑座的一个侧面上, 第二丝杆螺母固定在第二滑座上, 第二丝杆与第二丝 杆螺母配合; 第二丝杆穿过第一滑座安装有第二驱动电机的一侧、 第二滑座、 再安装在第 一滑座远离第二驱动电机的一侧, 第二丝杆与第一滑座、 第二滑座避空;
导杆穿过第二滑座; 导杆驱动装置包括一个第三驱动电机、 一根与第三驱动电机的电机轴 连接的第三丝杆、 第三丝杆螺母; 第三丝杆螺母与导杆安装在一起且位置固定。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 所述的导杆穿过第二滑座; 在第二滑 座上设有水平方向的支撑部, 在支撑部上设有电机安装板, 第三驱动电机安装在电机安装 板的一侧,与第三驱动电机的电机轴连接的第三丝杆穿过电机安装板与第三丝杆螺母配合。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第二 滑座安装在一起, 在导杆内设有仅可相对导杆转动地转轴或主轴; 第三丝杆螺母与导杆固 定, 在转轴或主轴的外周安装有驱动转轴或主轴旋转的第一转子, 在导杆内安装有与第一 转子配合的第一定子。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 还设有与导杆位置的摆座; 还设有安 装在摆座内的第二定子, 安装在第二定子内与第二定子配合的第二转子, 安装在第二转子 内的水平方向的摆轴, 加工头的加工头座固定在摆轴上或与摆轴一体成型。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 支撑部为与导杆配合的管状的导套; 在导套、第二滑座内设有与导杆配合地贯通的导向孔, 导杆可来回水平运动地安装在导向 孔内, 电机安装板密封导套的导向孔远离第二滑座的端部。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第二 滑座安装在一起; 在滑座内固定有两条第一水平方向直线导轨轨道, 在导杆上固定有与相 应的第一水平方向直线导轨轨道配合的第二水平方向直线导轨轨道。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在导杆上设有止转槽, 在第二滑座上 设有与导杆配合的水平方向导套, 在水平方向导套上安装有与止转槽配合的止转件。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在第二滑座上设有与导杆配合的水平 方向导套; 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第二滑座安装在一起; 第三丝杆螺母固定在导 杆上; 还设有防止导杆沿导杆轴线水平方向转动地止转结构; 止转结构包括止转块, 在导 杆上设有容置止转块的容置部, 在第三止转块和导杆间设有弹簧; 止转块凸出导杆的外周, 在与导杆配合的导向孔内设有与止转块配合的止转槽。
10、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 导杆仅可水平方向来回运动地与第 二滑座安装在一起, 在导杆内设有仅可相对导杆转动地转轴或主轴; 在转轴或主轴外周设 有导电环, 在转轴或主轴内设有与导电环连通的电线容置孔或电线容置槽, 在电线容置孔 或电线容置槽内容置有电线, 电线的一端与导电环电连接, 另一端与安装在转轴上的电机 电连接; 导电环电连接外部电源的电刷摩擦电连接, 电刷与导杆固定。
11、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在靠近第一丝杆或第一直线电机的 一侧、 在第一滑座的一个侧面和主体框架之间还设有第一滑座角向导轨, 第一滑座角向导 轨与第一导轨的安装角度垂直。
12、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一连接部和 /或第二连接部的顶部 平面低于第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的顶部平面, 第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部的左侧 中上部和 /或右侧中上部不连接在一起形成工件进出口。
13、 如权利要求 1所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一驱动装置为一组直线电机, 包 括直线电机定子和直线电机动子, 直线电机定子为长条状, 固定在第一主支撑部或第二主 支撑部上, 直线电机动子固定在第一滑座的底面。
14、 如权利要求 1至 13任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 装夹工件装置包括安 装在主体框架两侧的第一卡盘机构和第二卡盘机构、 或第一卡盘机构和第一尾座机构、 或 第一卡盘机构, 所述的第一卡盘机构安装在主体框架侧面上, 所述的第二卡盘机构或第一 尾座机构可相对主体框架来回水平方向移动的安装在主体框架上; 所述的加工头包括刀具 装夹头。
15、 如权利要求 14所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 第一主支撑部、 第二主支撑部、 第 一连接部、 第二连接部和底座一体成型, 在主体框架相对的两侧分别设有上方与连接部连 接、 下方与底座连接、 两侧与第一主支撑部和第二主支撑部连接的第三安装座、 或第三安 装座和第四安装座, 第三安装座与主体框架一体成型、 或第三安装座和第四安装座与主体 框架一体成型; 在第三安装座上设有安装第一卡盘机构的水平方向的第一圆通孔, 或在第 三安装座上设有安装第一卡盘机构的水平方向的第一圆通孔及在第四安装座上设有安装第 二卡盘机构或第一尾座机构、 与第一圆通孔同轴的第二圆通孔。
16、 如权利要求 1至 13任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 主体框架为一体成型 的人造石或树脂合成石或水泥混凝土主体框架; 在底座上还设有在成型底座时嵌入底座上 用来安装工作台的工作台支撑块, 或在成型底座时嵌入底座上的工作台, 和 或在成型主支 撑架时嵌入主体框架侧面的安装卡盘的两个卡盘固定座;和 或在成型主支撑架时嵌入主体 框架侧面的安装尾座的尾座固定座和安装卡盘的卡盘固定座。
17、 如权利要求 1至 13任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在主体框架上设有储 物腔。
18、 如权利要求 1至 13任意一项所述的一种数控设备, 其特征在于: 在主体框架左侧、 右 侧、 后侧的三个侧面上均设有所述的加工头、 使所述的加工头三轴以上运动的所述加工头 运动机构; 主体框架结构包括底座, 装夹工件装置为安装在底座上仅可相对底座旋转运动 地旋转工作台。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110282601.2 | 2011-09-21 | ||
| CN201110282601 | 2011-09-21 | ||
| CN201110351530 | 2011-11-08 | ||
| CN201110351530.7 | 2011-11-08 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013040865A1 true WO2013040865A1 (zh) | 2013-03-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3603860A4 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2020-12-23 | Hyundaiwia Corporation | 5-AXIS MACHINING CENTER |
| WO2023168507A1 (pt) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Botica Comercial Farmacêutica Ltda. | Dispositivo e método de aplicação automática de produto cosmético em usuário |
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| CN103028644A (zh) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-10 | 浙江天齐电气有限公司 | 用于配电箱的精密移动制造装置 |
| CN103264288B (zh) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-02-10 | 清华大学 | 一种具有多独立加工单元的龙门移动式机床 |
| CN106112923A (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 南京十段机电科技有限公司 | 一种高精度三轴运动平台 |
| US9954543B1 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2018-04-24 | Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company, Limited | Fast coarse tune and fine tune calibration for a synthesizer by multi-curve calibration within a target window |
| CN107335863B (zh) * | 2017-06-14 | 2024-07-26 | 西安维亚造纸机械有限公司 | 一种造纸机匀浆辊开孔装置 |
| CN109175726A (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2019-01-11 | 苏州斯尔特微电子有限公司 | 一种自动化晶圆切割定位装置 |
| CN109605196A (zh) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-12 | 郑州元素工具技术有限公司 | 一种环形金刚石线旋转平切机 |
| CN109514258B (zh) * | 2018-12-14 | 2024-05-10 | 北京印刷学院 | 一种曲面五轴切削及表面喷绘复合处理工装 |
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| TWI724804B (zh) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-04-11 | 惠亞工程股份有限公司 | 銑邊裝置 |
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| CN112643358B (zh) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-09-27 | 南京工程学院 | 一种圆渐开线型涡旋盘精加工专用设备及控制方法 |
| CN112378772A (zh) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-02-19 | 潍坊凯速建筑科技有限公司 | 一种建筑pc构件强度破坏性检测设备 |
| CN115229541A (zh) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-25 | 圣杰国际股份有限公司 | 具有链条张力调节机构的链条式刀库 |
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| WO2023168507A1 (pt) | 2022-03-11 | 2023-09-14 | Botica Comercial Farmacêutica Ltda. | Dispositivo e método de aplicação automática de produto cosmético em usuário |
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| CN202540052U (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
| CN102699769A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
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