WO2013012214A2 - 석고를 이용한 고순도 황안 및 방해석의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
석고를 이용한 고순도 황안 및 방해석의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013012214A2 WO2013012214A2 PCT/KR2012/005591 KR2012005591W WO2013012214A2 WO 2013012214 A2 WO2013012214 A2 WO 2013012214A2 KR 2012005591 W KR2012005591 W KR 2012005591W WO 2013012214 A2 WO2013012214 A2 WO 2013012214A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- calcite
- gypsum
- purity
- reaction
- yellow eye
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
- B09B3/25—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste using mineral binders or matrix
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/24—Sulfates of ammonium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/18—Carbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/88—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by thermal analysis data, e.g. TGA, DTA, DSC
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing high purity sulfur (ammonium sulfate) and calcite from gypsum, especially waste gypsum (dihydrate gypsum, CaSO 4 ⁇ 2H 2 O), more specifically after fertilizer production in a fertilizer production plant, or coal-fired
- the present invention relates to a method of simultaneously producing high purity sulfur eye ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) and high purity calcite by reacting gypsum discharged after flue gas desulfurization in a power plant with carbon dioxide and ammonia.
- the present invention relates to a method for storing CO 2, which is a main culprit of global warming, using waste such as waste gypsum, and manufacturing and recycling high purity yellow sand and high purity calcite.
- Waste gypsum is a form of dihydrate gypsum, commonly referred to as chemical gypsum, and currently emits about 400,000 tons per year from industries that use sulfuric acid or produce sulfuric acid as waste. Whether or not gypsum is recycled depends on the purity of the gypsum. Currently, gypsum with a purity of 94% or more can be used for gypsum boards, plasters, etc., but the chemical gypsum produced is already exceeding the demand of the gypsum industry.
- the flue gas desulfurization gypsum emitted from coal-fired power plants is a by-product that can be sold, but the coal-fired power plant continues to increase, and the chemical gypsum generated by fertilizer producers is mostly piled up. It is a factor that causes environmental pollution.
- One of the ways to solve this problem is to recover the yellow eye and calcite from the waste gypsum and recycle it.
- the process for producing yellow eye using gypsum and ammonia is called the Mersberg process, which was first proposed in the early 19th century. This process was used experimentally in the 1960s in the United Kingdom and India. In the United States, in the early 1960s, a process for reproducing yellow eye was tested in the manufacture of ammonium phosphate ((NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 ) fertilizer. Typical reaction conditions were maintained for 5 hours at 70 ° C. and conversion was reported to reach 95%. Recently, the Geological Research Institute of America (Chou et al. , 2005) studied a technique for producing yellow eye and calcite by reacting ammonium carbonate ((NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 ) with gypsum.
- Korean Patent No. 10-0723066 named “Method of livestock manure” of the invention (a) a method for separating livestock powder in solid and liquid components, (b) CO 2 gas and ammonia The method of capturing gas, (c) reacting the separated liquid component with the collected CO 2 gas and ammonia gas, etc. are all practical and nonspecific and the patent does not mention the content of ammonia and CO 2 used.
- the ratio of the manufactured calcite and yellow eye is unknown and the efficiency is so low that the possibility of resource-making or economic feasibility is virtually unlikely.
- the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to optimize the amount of the input raw materials, such as the efficient reaction and minimizing the production cost of two reactions, yellow-yellow and calcite industrially It is to provide a way to secure and economical resources by manufacturing with high purity to be utilized.
- the present invention is more important because it is assumed that gypsum, ammonia and CO 2 are treated in large quantities.
- calcite must be at least 95% pure to be industrially recycled, and below it, it is very economical or rather waste, resulting in disposal costs.
- the more important problem is that when calcite is low in purity, for example, when calcite is 90% pure, the recovery rate of yellow eye is 90%, so at least about 10% of ammonia is lost and at the same time calcite must be treated as waste. Therefore, calcite and yellow eye can not be resources.
- the gypsum carbonation reaction automatically reduces the recovery rate of yellow eye when the calcite purity is low. Since ammonia accounts for about 80-90% of the production cost of sulfur in the starting material, when the recovery rate of yellow eye is 90%, the total cost of incapacitating lost ammonia and calcite when processing 1 million tons of gypsum is at least 300 Resources range from 100 million won to 50 billion won, meaning that it is meaningless (a wholesale price of ammonia, 120,000 won / ton; factory prices in Huangan, 250,000 won / ton; limestone for FGD; 20,000 won / ton; as of 2010). Therefore, the purity of calcite must be maintained at 95% or more is an advantage.
- CO 2 is trapped cost of the current international 5-80000 won / t and plaster to handle 1 million tons minimum CO 2 20 ⁇ 40 only cost tones are not a few will need, as well as, the supply of CO 2 schedule Above or below the range, as described above, the reaction efficiency and purity decrease, and therefore, calcite, yellow eye, and CO 2 resources are impossible.
- the present invention preferably comprises a high purity, in particular at least 95% high purity calcite and sulfur eye, including the reaction of a mixture of ammonia water and gypsum under a normal temperature and pressure conditions while contacting with a certain amount of carbon dioxide It provides a method of manufacturing.
- high purity is to be understood to have a purity of at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%.
- the carbonate mineralization method proposed in the present invention does not require heating as an exothermic reaction, and calcite (CaCO 3 ) and sulfuric acid (ammonium sulfate) that are generated even by omitting the mineral dressing process for starting materials are at least 95% or more. It is possible to recycle as high purity (see Scheme 2 below).
- calcite CaCO 3
- sulfuric acid ammonium sulfate
- 4 million tons / year of gypsum generated in Korea can dispose of about 1 million tons / year of separated and recovered CO2, resulting in 2.4 million tons / year of calcite and 2.8 million tons / year of yellow sand.
- Other ripple effects are also significant.
- the phosphate gypsum discarded as waste contains impurities such as phosphate ore, but it can be purified by separating the gypsum part and other impurities by means of gravity separation, etc. Can be.
- flue gas desulfurization gypsum has a purity of about 96 to 98%
- a separate beneficiation process is omitted in view of cost reduction.
- the beneficiation process when the carbonation reaction efficiency reaches 100%, calcite with a purity of 95 to 96% or more can be recovered, so the recovery rate of the yellow eye can be expected up to 100%.
- the calcite is simply dried in the separated calcite and sulfuric acid aqueous solution and concentrated, evaporated, and crystallized sulfuric acid in solution (S150, S160);
- step a) S100 the surface water of the gypsum is simply dried at about 90 ° C. for 12 to 24 hours.
- gypsum is a dihydrate gypsum (CaSO4? 2H2O) (FIG. 2) containing two molecules of water, and when heated for a long time, crystal water is released and can be transferred to semi-hydrate gypsum (bassanite: CaSO 4 ⁇ 0.5H 2 O).
- Semi-hydrated gypsum can reduce the carbonation reaction efficiency (Fig. 3).
- step b) (S110), the dried dihydrate gypsum powder is used by separating only a sample of 100 mesh or less using an appropriate sieve.
- step S120 a step of preparing a slurry by mixing a suitable amount of water, ammonia water, and dihydrate gypsum, and using gypsum as a waste gypsum is more preferable for various reasons, such as cost reduction and environmental protection. It can be used in any form of gypsum.
- the waste gypsum is a byproduct from fertilizer plants and coal-fired power plants, but contains some impurities, but most of it is a waste consisting of gypsum.
- step d) (S130), carbon dioxide is blown into the slurry mixed in step c) and carbonized to prepare a calcite solution and a sulfur solution, which is prepared by the following Scheme 3.
- the main reaction is effective to mix 100-150 parts by weight of ammonia water (ammonia content of about 25%) with 100 parts by weight of gypsum, more preferably 100-130 parts by weight, and water (or distilled water). ) It is effective to react by mixing 180 to 350 parts by weight, more preferably 200 to 300 parts by weight.
- the ammonia water NH 4 OH
- the recovery rate of calcite and yellow eye generated after carbonation is also increased, and in particular, since ammonia water is most efficiently consumed, production cost is greatly reduced and effective.
- the slurry concentration which is the ratio of solid and liquid, corresponds to 20 to 28%. If the slurry concentration is too low, additional costs are incurred during the concentration, evaporation, and drying of the sulfur eye. If the slurry concentration is too high, the reaction efficiency decreases, so it is preferable to maintain 20 to 28%, more preferably 23 to 26%.
- the carbonation reaction is performed while stirring the slurry at an initial reaction temperature of 5 to 18 ° C., that is, at room temperature and normal pressure without additional heating process, and when the reaction is completed, the reaction is increased by 20 to 30 ° C. by an exothermic reaction. This can happen effectively.
- the reaction temperature is 0 °C or less, the reaction efficiency, such as a decrease in recovery rate was reduced.
- the supply amount of CO 2 can be expressed as the ratio of gypsum and CO 2.
- more than 8 cc, preferably 8 to 20 cc, of CO 2 gas per 1 g of gypsum is better. It is effective to supply from 10 to 15 cc / g. Supplying more than the indicated amount wastes CO 2 collected at high cost, and if it is supplied below it, the production efficiency of calcite and yellow eye drops sharply, and the purity of calcite becomes 95% or less, so the recovery rate of yellow eye drops rapidly. not.
- the step e) is a step of separating the slurry into calcite and yellow eye after the reaction is completed.
- calcite and yellow eye are produced in a slurry state. Since the calcite is in a solid state and the yellow eye is in an aqueous solution state, the calcite and the yellow eye may be separated using a centrifuge or a press filter. . The recovery rate of the yellow eye determines the economics of the entire process.
- the calcite and the yellow eye in the aqueous solution further comprises a post-treatment step (S150, S160) to obtain a powder by drying.
- calcite is not significantly limited in temperature, it is dried at 50 to 100 ° C. to obtain a powder, and yellow eye in aqueous solution is preferably evaporated, dried, and crystallized to obtain yellow eye powder.
- the dried calcite powder and yellow eye powder can be confirmed through instrumental analysis such as X-ray diffraction analysis, and FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show analysis data of calcite and yellow eye prepared using waste gypsum in the present invention.
- the purity of the calcite after the reaction is about 95 to 97% of thermal gravimetry, and the carbonation rate is in the range of 97 to 100%. If the carbonation reaction is carried out after beneficiation, the calcite purity can reach 99% purity. In addition, the yellow eye represents about 95% compared to the theoretical value, it can be seen that the efficiency is very high.
- the method for producing high purity calcite and yellow eye uses waste gypsum generated in millions of tons annually in Korea as a raw material, which has a recycling effect of recycling waste resources at the same time as environmental protection and can fundamentally solve environmental pollution problems.
- waste gypsum generated in millions of tons annually in Korea as a raw material, which has a recycling effect of recycling waste resources at the same time as environmental protection and can fundamentally solve environmental pollution problems.
- calcite of about 99% purity can be recovered by pretreatment of waste gypsum and carbonation.
- the yellow-yellow manufacturing method is a method that can safely store carbon dioxide in the grid of minerals incidentally, as compared to the land disposal can be operated permanently regardless of the place, it is possible to sell the stored amount of CO 2 separately You can expect a return.
- FIG. 1 is a process chart for explaining a yellow eye manufacturing method using waste gypsum according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 is an XRD analysis of the waste gypsum used as a raw material in the present invention.
- Figure 3 is an XRD analysis of half-water gypsum (bassanite) generated by the transfer of waste gypsum used as a raw material in the present invention.
- Figure 4 is an XRD analysis data of calcite prepared using waste gypsum in the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a TGA analysis of calcite (purity 95%) prepared according to Example 1 of the present invention.
- the resultant was centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 10 minutes using a laboratory centrifuge (Union32R, Hanil), and then the calcite in solid phase and yellow eye in aqueous solution were separated.
- the experiment was repeated three times using the same mixing ratio.
- the separated calcite was dried at 90 ° C. to obtain an average of 320 g of powder, and the yellow eye in an aqueous solution was evaporated and dried while maintaining the temperature of the solution at 60 ° C. or lower to obtain an average of 345 g of a white yellow eye powder.
- the calcite sample and the yellow eye sample were thermally analyzed, respectively, and are shown in FIG. 6.
- the calcite sample showed endothermic reactions in the range of 795 ⁇ 810 °C and the weight loss was 41.8 ⁇ 42.5%. This was interpreted as a decomposition reaction of carbon dioxide and the purity of the produced calcite was 96%.
- Thermal analysis was performed on 99% pure special reagents and is shown in FIG. 7. The theoretical maximum value was 44%, but the weight loss was found to be in the range of 43.7 to 43.8.
- Example 1 As in Example 1, 600 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 500 g of Busan gypsum were added to 1500 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at a starting temperature of 5 ° C. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 25 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 5 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye.
- Example 2 After completion of the reaction, centrifuged in the same manner as used in Example 1, dried, and subjected to XRD and TGA analysis, the weight loss was 41.7 ⁇ 42.1%, the calcite purity was 95.5%. In other words, when reacted at room temperature, the purity of the calcite did not change significantly, and thus heating was unnecessary.
- Example 1 As in Example 1, 600 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 500 g of Busan gypsum were added to 1500 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 30 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 3 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye. After the reaction, the temperature increased by 27 ° C.
- Example 2 After completion of the reaction, centrifugation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, followed by drying, XRD and TGA analysis. An average of 342 g of calcite powder was obtained, and an average of 315 g of yellow eye powder was obtained. The weight loss was 35.9 ⁇ 37.4%, so calcite purity was 83.6 ⁇ 87.1%.
- the TGA results are shown in FIG. 8, and the peaks were observed at 135 ° C. and 500 ° C. with many impurities.
- Example 1 As in Example 1, 600 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 500 g of Busan gypsum were added to 1500 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 25 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 10 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye.
- Example 2 As in Example 1, 600 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 500 g of Busan gypsum were added to 1000 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The slurry concentration at this time corresponded to 31% (w / v). Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 25 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 5 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye.
- Example 1 As in Example 1, 600 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 500 g of Busan gypsum were added to 2000 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The slurry concentration at this time corresponded to 19%. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 25 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 5 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye.
- Example 2 After completion of the reaction, centrifugation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, followed by drying and XRD and TGA analysis. At this time, the weight loss was 41.7 to 42.1%, and thus the calcite purity was 95.5%. That is, when the slurry concentration is 20% or less, there is no significant change in the purity of calcite, but drying of the yellow eye and an increase in evaporation cost are expected.
- Example 2 As in Example 1, 900 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 780 g of Busan Gypsum were added to 1500 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The slurry concentration at this time corresponded to 33%. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 25 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 5 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye.
- ammonia water ammonia content; 25%
- Busan Gypsum Busan Gypsum
- Example 1 As in Example 1, 900 cc of ammonia water (ammonia content; 25%) and 780 g of Busan Gypsum were added to 1500 cc of water, and the slurry was stirred at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Thereafter, the reaction was carried out for 25 minutes while blowing carbon dioxide at a rate of 9 liters per minute to prepare a slurry containing calcite and yellow eye.
- S150, S160 step of obtaining powder by drying or crystallizing the separated calcite and the yellow eye in the aqueous solution state independently
Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- 물, 암모니아수 및 석고를 혼합한 슬러리에 일정량의 이산화탄소를 첨가하여 탄산화 반응시키는 단계를 포함하며, 순도가 95% 이상인 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 슬러리는 석고 100 중량부에 대하여, 물이 180 내지 350 중량부로 혼합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 이산화탄소는 석고 1g 당 8 내지 20cc/min의 유량으로 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 슬러리의 초기반응온도는 5 내지 18℃인 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 슬러리의 농도는 20 내지 28(w/v)% 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 슬러리는 석고 100 중량부에 대하여, 암모니아수가 100 내지 150 중량부로 혼합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 6항 중의 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 탄산화 반응은 상온 상압의 조건에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도의 방해석 및 황안의 제조방법.
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JP2014521547A JP5807284B2 (ja) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-13 | 石膏を用いた高純度硫安及び方解石の製造方法 |
DE112012002980.1T DE112012002980B4 (de) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-13 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochreinem Ammoniumsulfat und Calcit unter Verwendung von Gips |
US14/232,833 US9200347B2 (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-13 | Production method for high-purity calcite and ammonium sulphate by using gypsum |
CN201280040064.3A CN103874658B (zh) | 2011-07-15 | 2012-07-13 | 通过使用石膏来生产高纯度的方解石和硫酸铵的方法 |
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JP (1) | JP5807284B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101452371B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN103874658B (ko) |
DE (1) | DE112012002980B4 (ko) |
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CN103874658A (zh) | 2014-06-18 |
KR101452371B1 (ko) | 2014-10-21 |
WO2013012214A3 (ko) | 2013-03-14 |
DE112012002980T5 (de) | 2014-05-22 |
DE112012002980B4 (de) | 2019-06-27 |
US20140161692A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
JP5807284B2 (ja) | 2015-11-10 |
CN103874658B (zh) | 2016-04-27 |
KR20130009705A (ko) | 2013-01-23 |
JP2014520754A (ja) | 2014-08-25 |
US9200347B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
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