WO2012169521A1 - 半導体モジュール、上下アームキットおよび3レベルインバータ - Google Patents
半導体モジュール、上下アームキットおよび3レベルインバータ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012169521A1 WO2012169521A1 PCT/JP2012/064544 JP2012064544W WO2012169521A1 WO 2012169521 A1 WO2012169521 A1 WO 2012169521A1 JP 2012064544 W JP2012064544 W JP 2012064544W WO 2012169521 A1 WO2012169521 A1 WO 2012169521A1
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H01L25/18—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different subgroups of the same main group of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N
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- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/07—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L29/00
- H01L25/072—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L29/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
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- H01L29/7393—Insulated gate bipolar mode transistors, i.e. IGBT; IGT; COMFET
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
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- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
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- H01L2224/49113—Disposition the connectors being bonded to at least one common bonding area, e.g. daisy chain the connectors connecting different bonding areas on the semiconductor or solid-state body to a common bonding area outside the body, e.g. converging wires
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor module, an upper and lower arm kit including the semiconductor module, and a three-level inverter including the upper and lower arm kit.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram of a three-level inverter that converts direct current to alternating current using a conventional technique.
- reference numerals 51 and 52 in the figure are DC power sources connected in series, where the positive electrode potential is P, the negative electrode potential is N, and the neutral point potential is M.
- the DC power supplies 51 and 52 are constituted by an AC power supply system, they can be constituted by using a diode rectifier (not shown) and a large-capacity electrolytic capacitor.
- the U-phase series connection circuit 60 is a series connection circuit of an upper arm made of an IGBT (T1) having a diode D1 connected in antiparallel and a lower arm made of an IGBT (T2) having an antiparallel connection of a diode D2.
- the phase series connection circuit 61 is a series connection circuit of an upper arm made of an IGBT (T3) having a diode D3 connected in antiparallel and a lower arm made of an IGBT (T4) having an antiparallel connection of a diode D4.
- the series connection circuit 62 includes a series connection circuit of an upper arm made of an IGBT (T5) in which a diode D5 is connected in antiparallel and a lower arm made of an IGBT (T6) in which a diode D6 is connected in antiparallel.
- an AC switch in which IGBTs connected in reverse parallel are connected in reverse series is connected in reverse series. That is, between the series connection point of the series connection circuit 60 for the U phase and the neutral point M of the DC power supply, the emitter of the IGBT module 63 composed of the IGBT 81 with the diode 82 connected in antiparallel and the diode 84 are connected in antiparallel.
- the AC switch having the configuration in which the emitter of the IGBT module 64 composed of the IGBT 83 is connected is connected to the diode 86 between the series connection point of the V-phase series connection circuit 61 and the neutral point M of the DC power supply.
- An AC switch having a configuration in which an emitter of an IGBT module 65 made of IGBT 85 connected in parallel and an emitter of an IGBT module 66 made of IGBT 87 connected in reverse parallel to a diode 88 is connected is a series connection point of a series connection circuit 62 for a W phase.
- the neutral point M of the DC power supply are I Emitter and diode AC switch configuration emitter and is connected to IGBT module 68 consisting of 92 IGBT 91 which was antiparallel connection BT module 67 are connected, respectively.
- the series connection point of each series connection circuit 60, 61, 62 becomes an alternating current output, and is connected to the load 74 via the filter reactors 71, 72, 73, respectively.
- FIG. 14 shows an example of the output voltage (Vout) waveform. It is characterized by the fact that an AC voltage with three voltage levels and few low-order harmonic components is output to a two-level type inverter, and the filter reactors (output filters) 71 to 73 are downsized. It becomes possible.
- FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram for one phase of the upper and lower arms including an AC switch of a three-level inverter, where (a) is a circuit diagram and (b) is a perspective view of a semiconductor module.
- the semiconductor module 40 shown in FIG. 15B accommodates an AC switch 53 in which two reverse blocking IGBTs 54 and 55 are anti-parallel and two IGBTs (T1, T2). ing.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor module.
- a power semiconductor chip 43 (T1, T2, D1, D2, 54, and 55 indicated by reference numerals in FIG. 15) is mounted on an insulating substrate 42 on a heat radiating metal base 41 and led out to the outside.
- the metal terminals 44 are exposed on the upper surface of the package 45, and the interior of the package 45 is filled with a resin 46.
- the semiconductor module 40 is applied to a voltage-type three-level inverter.
- the semiconductor module 40 includes a first IGBT (T1) in which a diode D1 whose collector terminal C1 is connected to the positive terminal (P terminal) of the series connection circuit 60 is connected in reverse parallel, and the first IGBT (T1).
- T1 a first IGBT
- T2 a second IGBT
- D2 a diode D2 whose collector is connected to the emitter and whose emitter terminal E2 is connected to the negative terminal (N terminal) of the series connection circuit 60 is connected in antiparallel.
- the AC switch 53 includes a first reverse blocking IGBT 54 whose collector is connected to the emitter of the first IGBT (T1) and a second reverse blocking IGBT 55 connected in reverse parallel to the first reverse blocking IGBT 54. Consists of.
- the series connection circuit 60 is configured by the first IGBT (T1) and the second IGBT (T2) in which the diode D1 is antiparallel, and the positive terminal (P terminal) of the series connection circuit 60 is the collector of the first IGBT.
- the terminal C1 is connected, and the negative terminal (N terminal) is connected to the emitter terminal E2 of the second IGBT (T2).
- the first reverse blocking IGBT 54 and the second reverse blocking IGBT 55 constitute an AC switch 53.
- the AC switch 53 includes a connection point E1C2 between the emitter of the first IGBT (T1) and the collector of the second IGBT (T2), a positive terminal (P terminal) and a negative terminal (N terminal) of the series connection circuit 60. To an intermediate potential terminal (M terminal) that is at an intermediate potential.
- the first IGBT (T1), the second IGBT (T2), the first reverse blocking IGBT 54, and the second reverse blocking IGBT 55 are housed in one package 45.
- the reverse blocking IGBT is an IGBT having a reverse breakdown voltage (reverse breakdown voltage) equivalent to the forward breakdown voltage (forward breakdown voltage), and is called a symmetric IGBT because the forward breakdown voltage and the reverse breakdown voltage are equivalent.
- reverse breakdown voltage reverse breakdown voltage
- forward breakdown voltage forward breakdown voltage
- An IGBT having no reverse breakdown voltage is an IGBT called an asymmetric IGBT whose reverse breakdown voltage is significantly lower than the forward breakdown voltage.
- a freewheeling diode is connected in reverse parallel to an inverter circuit where no reverse breakdown voltage is applied.
- IGBT simply refers to an IGBT having no reverse breakdown voltage.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 two types of modules in which the lead-out positions of the emitter terminal and the collector terminal are exchanged are prepared in a so-called one-piece semiconductor module, these two types of modules are arranged side by side and adjacent to each other. It is disclosed that one upper and lower arm of an inverter is configured by connecting an emitter terminal of one module and a collector terminal of the other module.
- JP 2008-1937779 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-108749 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-65065 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-9644
- the semiconductor elements such as IGBT and reverse blocking IGBT stored in the module are changed depending on the capacity of the three-level inverter. That is, in order to increase the capacity, the chip size of the semiconductor element is changed, or an IGBT, a reverse blocking IGBT, or the like is connected in parallel.
- a dedicated semiconductor module package 45 in accordance with semiconductor elements such as IGBTs and reverse blocking IGBTs to be stored. Therefore, in order to cope with a wide current range of several tens of A to several thousand A, it is necessary to newly prepare several packages. In order to cope with a wide withstand voltage range of several hundred volts to several hundred hundred volts, it is necessary to newly prepare several packages.
- first and second IGBTs (T1, T2) and the first and second reverse blocking IGBTs 54, 55 are configured as separate packages 56a, 57 (see FIGS. 17 and 19) to form a three-level inverter. In some cases.
- FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of one phase of the upper and lower arms of the inverter.
- FIG. 17A is a circuit diagram
- FIG. 17B is a plan view of the main part of the semiconductor module.
- the three main terminals (E1C2, E2, C1) are arranged in a line on the upper surface of the package 56a.
- FIG. 18 is an internal structural diagram of the semiconductor module of FIG.
- the E1C2 of A and B are connected in the package 56a, and the E1C2 of A is arranged on the package 56a.
- FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram of an AC switch in which reverse blocking IGBTs are connected in reverse parallel.
- FIG. 19A is a circuit diagram
- FIG. 19B is a plan view of an AC switch package.
- the three-level inverter shown in FIG. 15 is a semiconductor module 47 that becomes the upper and lower arms (series connection circuit 60) of the first and second IGBTs (T1, T2) shown in FIG. 17 and FIG.
- the AC switch 53 using the two reverse blocking IGBTs 54 and 55 is combined.
- the package of the semiconductor module 47 shown in FIG. 17 is an existing package 56a, which is a commonly used two-piece package containing an upper arm element and a lower arm element.
- Three main terminals (E1C2, C1, E2) are arranged on the existing package 56a.
- the package 57 of the AC switch 53 shown in FIG. 19B differs from the semiconductor module 47 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 in the circuit configuration of the internal wiring and has two main terminals (K terminal and L terminal).
- the package 56a of 17 (b) cannot be used.
- the package 57 that houses the first and second reverse blocking IGBTs 54 and 55 needs to be newly developed in accordance with the current rating and the voltage rating.
- the semiconductor module 40 (new 45 package) of FIG. 15 is used, or the semiconductor module 47 (existing package 56a) of FIG. 17 and the AC switch 53 (new package 57) of FIG. In any case, it is necessary to develop a new package.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 two types of modules having the same package shape are formed by changing the semiconductor element disposed inside using an existing package having the same external terminal position. However, it is not described that one upper and lower arm of a three-level inverter is configured using these two types of modules.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and use an existing package without developing a new package, so that a low-cost, wide current rating and voltage rating semiconductor module, upper and lower arm kit, and three levels An inverter can be provided.
- the semiconductor module includes a first switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage in which freewheeling diodes are connected in reverse parallel, a first reverse blocking switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage connected in series with the first switching element, A first package containing the first switching element and the first reverse blocking switching element, and a high potential side terminal disposed on the top surface of the first package and connected to the high potential side of the first switching element (C11), a first intermediate potential auxiliary terminal (M11) connected to the low potential side of the first reverse blocking switching element disposed on the top surface of the first package, and the top surface of the first package And a first connection terminal (Q11) connected to the first switching element and the first reverse blocking switching element.
- a first switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage in which freewheeling diodes are connected in reverse parallel
- a first reverse blocking switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage connected in series with the first switching element
- a first package containing the first switching element and the first reverse blocking switching element and a high potential side terminal disposed on the top surface of the first package and
- the semiconductor module is provided as follows.
- the first switching element is an insulated gate bipolar transistor having no reverse breakdown voltage
- the first reverse blocking switching element is a reverse blocking insulated gate bipolar transistor having a reverse breakdown voltage
- the high potential side is a collector.
- the low potential side is an emitter.
- a semiconductor module as shown below is provided.
- a second reverse blocking switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage; a second switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage in which a freewheeling diode is connected in reverse parallel with the second reverse blocking switching element;
- a potential auxiliary terminal (M22), a low potential side terminal (E22) disposed on the top surface of the second package and connected to the low potential side of the second switching element, and disposed on the top surface of the second package.
- a second connection terminal (Q22) connected to the second reverse blocking switching element and the second switching element;
- the semiconductor module is provided as follows.
- the second switching element is an insulated gate bipolar transistor having no reverse breakdown voltage
- the second reverse blocking switching element is a reverse blocking insulated gate bipolar transistor having a reverse breakdown voltage
- the high potential side is a collector.
- the low potential side is an emitter.
- an upper and lower arm kit as shown below is provided.
- the upper and lower arm kit is composed of a pair of a first semiconductor module that is on the upper arm side of the three-level inverter and a second semiconductor module that is on the lower arm side of the three-level inverter.
- the second semiconductor module has a second reverse blocking switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage, and a second reverse blocking voltage that is connected in series with the second reverse blocking switching element and connected in reverse parallel with a freewheeling diode.
- Switching element, the second reverse blocking switching element, the second package containing the second switching element, and the high potential of the second reverse blocking switching element disposed on the upper surface of the second package A second intermediate potential auxiliary terminal (M22) connected to the second side, and connected to the low potential side of the second switching element disposed on the upper surface of the second package A low potential side terminal (E22) and a second connection terminal (Q22) disposed on the top surface of the second package and connected to the second reverse blocking switching element and the second switching element.
- the three-level inverter connects the high-potential side terminals (C11 terminals) of the first semiconductor module with a third connection conductor, and connects the low-potential side terminals (E22 terminals) of the second semiconductor module to the second one.
- the upper and lower arm kit includes a first semiconductor module and a second semiconductor module, and the first semiconductor module is a first switching element having a reverse breakdown voltage in which freewheeling diodes are connected in antiparallel.
- a first reverse blocking switching element having a reverse withstand voltage connected in series with the first switching element, a first package containing the first switching element and the first reverse blocking switching element, A high potential side terminal (C11) disposed on the top surface of the first package and connected to a high potential side of the first switching device; and the first reverse blocking switching device disposed on the top surface of the first package.
- a second connecting terminal (Q22) connected to the etching element and the second switching element; the first connecting terminal (Q11 terminal); the second connecting terminal (Q22 terminal); Are connected by a first connecting conductor, and the intermediate potential auxiliary terminal (M11 terminal) of the first semiconductor module and the intermediate potential auxiliary terminal (M22 terminal) of the second semiconductor module are connected by a second connecting conductor. Connect with.
- a three-level inverter in which three upper and lower arm kits are arranged in parallel.
- the three first connection conductors are connected to the U terminal, the V terminal, and the W terminal, which are output terminals of the three-level inverter, respectively, and the second connection conductors are connected to each other to connect the intermediate potential terminal.
- M terminal the high potential side terminals of the first semiconductor module and the positive electrode of the first DC power supply are connected via a third connection conductor (P terminal), and the negative electrode of the first DC power supply is connected.
- the intermediate potential terminal (M terminal) is connected, the low potential side terminals of the second semiconductor module and the negative electrode of the second DC power source are connected via a fourth connection conductor (N terminal), and the second The positive electrode of the DC power source is connected to the intermediate potential terminal (M terminal).
- the semiconductor module, the upper and lower arm kit and the three-level inverter can be configured using the existing package (three main terminals), the design efficiency can be improved without developing a new package. Sharing can be realized and cost reduction can be achieved.
- circuit configuration can be made using various existing packages, semiconductor modules having a wide current rating and voltage rating, an upper and lower arm kit, and a three-level inverter can be provided.
- FIG. 4 is an internal structure diagram of the semiconductor module of FIG. 3. It is a principal part circuit diagram of the upper and lower arm kit of 3rd Example of this invention. It is a principal part top view of the upper-lower arm kit of 3rd Example of this invention.
- FIG. (A) is a circuit diagram
- FIG. (B) is a plan view of the package of the AC switch.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are configuration diagrams of a semiconductor module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a principal circuit diagram and FIG. 1B is a principal plan view.
- FIG. 2 is an internal structure diagram of the semiconductor module of FIG.
- four first reverse blocking IGBTs 5 having reverse withstand voltage are connected in parallel
- four first IGBTs 1 normally used IGBTs
- FWD freewheel
- Q11 of A and B are connected in the package 56
- the Q11 of A is arranged on the package 56, and is a terminal corresponding to E1C2 in FIG.
- the first semiconductor module 100 is characterized in that the FWD 2 of the upper arm of the series connection circuit of the three-level inverter is anti-parallel and has the reverse breakdown voltage of the first IGBT 1 that does not have the reverse breakdown voltage and one of the AC switches.
- One reverse blocking IGBT 5 is housed in the same package 56 as the existing package 56a.
- the first semiconductor module 100 has a configuration in which a first IGBT 1 in which FWD 2 is connected in antiparallel and a first reverse blocking IGBT 5 are connected in series, and the emitter of the first IGBT 1 and the first reverse blocking IGBT 5 The collector is connected at connection point 9a.
- the high potential side terminal 7 (C11) connected to the collector of the first IGBT 1, the first intermediate potential auxiliary terminal 11 (M11) connected to the emitter of the first reverse blocking IGBT 5, the first A first connection terminal 9 (Q11) connected to a connection point 9a between the emitter of IGBT1 and the collector of first reverse blocking IGBT5 is arranged.
- gate terminals G1 and G2 and auxiliary emitter terminals E1 and E2 of the first IGBT 1 and the first reverse blocking IGBT 5 are arranged.
- Q11 is a terminal corresponding to E1C2 in FIG.
- the first IGBT 1 in which the FWD 2 is connected in reverse parallel is an element constituting the upper arm of the three-level inverter 500 (see FIGS. 9 and 10), and the first reverse blocking IGBT 5 is the AC switch 15 (see FIG. 9). ) Is a part of the device.
- the package 56 shown in FIG. 1B is the same as the package 56a of the existing semiconductor module 47 (see FIG. 17B), including the arrangement of terminals.
- the package 56 used in the semiconductor module 100 of FIG. 1 can be shared with the existing package 56a of the conventional semiconductor module 47 shown in FIG. 17B, a new package is developed for the three-level inverter 500. Therefore, the development period of the first semiconductor module 100 can be shortened and the cost can be reduced.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are configuration diagrams of a semiconductor module according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 3A is a principal circuit diagram and FIG. 3B is a principal plan view.
- FIG. 4 is an internal structure diagram of the semiconductor module of FIG. In FIG. 4, four second reverse blocking IGBTs 6 having reverse breakdown voltage are connected in parallel, four second IGBTs 3 (normally used IGBTs) having no reverse breakdown voltage are connected in parallel, and four FWDs 4 are connected. In the above, an example is shown in which each normal second IGBT 3 is arranged in reverse parallel.
- the second semiconductor module 200 is characterized in that the FWD 4 in the lower arm of the serial connection circuit of the three-level inverter is anti-parallel and the second IGBT 3 that does not have a reverse breakdown voltage and the other reverse breakdown voltage of the AC switch.
- the second reverse blocking IGBT 6 is housed in the same package 56 as the existing package 56a.
- the second semiconductor module 200 has a configuration in which a second IGBT 3 in which FWD 4 is connected in reverse parallel and a second reverse blocking IGBT 6 are connected in series, and the collector of the second IGBT 3 and the second reverse blocking IGBT 6 Emitter connects.
- gate terminals G3 and G4 and auxiliary emitter terminals E3 and E4 of the second IGBT 3 and the second reverse blocking IGBT 6 are arranged.
- Q22 is a terminal corresponding to E1C2 in FIG.
- the second IGBT 3 in which the FWD 4 is connected in reverse parallel is an element constituting the lower arm of the three-level inverter 500, and the second reverse blocking IGBT 6 is an element constituting a part of the AC switch 15 (see FIG. 9). It is.
- the package 56 shown in FIG. 3 (b) is the same as the package 56a (see FIG. 17) of the existing semiconductor module 47 in which two conventional IGBT chips are housed in series, including each terminal arrangement.
- the package 56 used in the semiconductor module 200 of FIG. 3B can be shared with the existing package 56a of the conventional semiconductor module 47 shown in FIG. There is no need to develop a package, and the development period of the second semiconductor module 200 can be shortened and the cost can be reduced.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show an upper and lower arm kit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a principal circuit diagram
- FIG. 6 is a principal plan view.
- the upper and lower arm kit 300 includes a pair of the first semiconductor module 100 on the upper arm side of the three-level inverter 500 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and the second semiconductor module 200 on the lower arm side.
- a method of constructing one upper and lower arm of the three-level inverter 500 using the upper and lower arm kit 300 of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 in which the upper and lower arms are not connected will be described.
- a first connection terminal 9 (Q11) of the first semiconductor module 100 and a second connection terminal 10 (Q22) of the second semiconductor module 200 are connected by a first connection conductor 13 indicated by a dotted line, and a three-level inverter 500 is connected.
- the U terminal of the output terminal see FIGS. 9 and 10).
- the first intermediate potential auxiliary terminal 11 (M11) of the first semiconductor module 100 and the second intermediate potential auxiliary terminal 12 (M22) of the second semiconductor module 200 are connected by a second connection conductor 14 indicated by a dotted line.
- the M terminal of the intermediate potential terminal of the three level inverter 500 is used.
- the high potential side terminal 7 (C11) of the first semiconductor module 100 is connected to a P terminal (not shown) of the three-level inverter 500, and the low potential side terminal 8 (E22) of the second semiconductor module 200 is connected to the three-level inverter 500. Connect to N terminal (not shown).
- the upper and lower arm kit 300 is configured using the same package 56 as the existing package 56a, the cost of the upper and lower arm kit 300 can be reduced. Also, the upper and lower arm kit 300 having a wide current rating and voltage rating can be easily provided.
- the upper and lower arm kit 300 includes a first semiconductor module 100 and a second semiconductor module 200 that are not connected to each other.
- ⁇ Example 4> 7 and 8 show a vertical arm kit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a principal circuit diagram
- FIG. 8 is a principal plan view.
- the difference between the upper and lower arm kit 400 in FIGS. 7 and 8 and the upper and lower arm kit 300 in FIGS. 5 and 6 is that Q11 and M11 of the first semiconductor module 100 on the upper arm side and the second semiconductor module 200 on the lower arm side are different.
- Q22 and M22 are connected by the third connection conductor 16 and the fourth connection conductor 17, and the semiconductor modules 100 and 200 of the upper and lower arms are integrated.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 are configuration diagrams of a three-level inverter according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the main part
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the main part.
- the first and second DC power sources 23 and 24 shown in FIG. 9 are not shown.
- Q11 and Q22 of each of the three upper and lower arm kits 300 are connected by the first connecting conductor 13 to be the U terminal, V terminal, and W terminal which are output terminals.
- M11 and M22 of each of the three upper and lower arm kits 300 are connected by the second connection conductor 14 to form an M terminal that is an intermediate potential terminal. This portion constitutes the AC switch 15 of the three-level inverter 500 shown in FIG.
- the high potential side terminals 7 (C 11) of the first semiconductor module 100 are connected to each other by the fifth connection conductor 21 to be a P terminal of the three-level inverter 500.
- the low potential side terminals 8 (E22) of the second semiconductor module 200 are connected to each other by the sixth connection conductor 22 to be an N terminal of the three-level inverter 500.
- the positive and negative electrodes of the first DC power supply 23 are connected to the P and M terminals of the three-level inverter 500, respectively, and the positive and negative electrodes of the second DC power supply 24 are connected to the M and N terminals of the three-level inverter 500, respectively.
- the three-level inverter 500 is configured.
- the wiring inductance connected to the first and second DC power supplies 23 and 24 can be reduced by providing the M terminal, which is an intermediate potential terminal, at two locations.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 are configuration diagrams of a three-level inverter according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a principal circuit diagram
- FIG. 12 is a principal plan view. In FIG. 12, the first and second DC power supplies 23 and 24 shown in FIG. 10 are not shown.
- the difference between the three-level inverter 600 and the three-level inverter 500 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is that the upper and lower arm kit 400 is used instead of the upper and lower arm kit 300.
- the first semiconductor module 100 and the second semiconductor module 200 are connected by the third and fourth connection conductors 16 and 17.
- the connection conductor 25 and the eighth connection conductor 26 are connected at connection points 18 and 19, respectively, to obtain an M terminal, a U terminal, a V terminal, and a W terminal.
- the positive and negative electrodes of the first DC power supply 23 are connected to the P and M terminals of the three-level inverter 600, respectively.
- the positive and negative electrodes of the second DC power supply 24 are connected to the M and N terminals of the three-level inverter 600, respectively.
- a three-level inverter 600 is configured.
- the wiring inductance connected to the first and second DC power supplies 23 and 24 can be reduced by providing the M terminal, which is an intermediate potential terminal, at two locations.
- the IGBT is used as the semiconductor element, but a power MOSFET may be used.
- a power MOSFET may be used.
- the power MOSFET does not have a reverse breakdown voltage, it is necessary to connect a diode in series to the power MOSFET used for the portion corresponding to the reverse blocking IGBT.
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Abstract
Description
図13において、図中の符号の51,52が直列に接続された直流電源で、正極電位をP、負極電位をN、中性点電位をMとしている。直流電源51,52を交流電源システムより構成する場合は、図示していないダイオード整流器と大容量の電解コンデンサなどを用いて構成することが可能である。
図15は、3レベルインバータの交流スイッチを含んだ上下アーム1相分の構成図であり、(a)は回路図、(b)は半導体モジュールの斜視図である。
また、この交流スイッチ53は第1のIGBT(T1)のエミッタと第2のIGBT(T2)のコレクタとの接続点E1C2と直列接続回路60の正極端子(P端子)と負極端子(N端子)との間の中間電位にある中間電位端子(M端子)との間に接続される。第1のIGBT(T1)、第2のIGBT(T2)、第1の逆阻止IGBT54および第2の逆阻止IGBT55は一つのパッケージ45内に収納される。
図15に示す3レベルインバータを図17および図18で示す第1、第2のIGBT(T1,T2)の上下アーム(直列接続回路60)となる半導体モジュール47と図19で示す第1、第2の逆阻止IGBT54,55を用いた交流スイッチ53を組み合わせて構成する。この場合は、図17で示す半導体モジュール47のパッケージは既存のパッケージ56aであり、上アームの素子と下アームの素子を収納した通常よく用いられている2個組パッケージである。この既存のパッケージ56a上には3個の主端子(E1C2,C1,E2)が配置される。
3レベルインバータを製作するときに、図15の半導体モジュール40(新規の45パッケージ)を用いる場合や図17の半導体モジュール47(既存のパッケージ56a)と図19の交流スイッチ53(新規のパッケージ57)を組み合わせて用いる場合にはいずれにしても新規のパッケージを開発する必要がある。
<実施例1>
図1は、この発明の第1実施例の半導体モジュールの構成図であり、同図(a)は要部回路図、同図(b)は要部平面図である。図2は、図1の半導体モジュールの内部構造図である。図2では、逆耐圧を有する第1の逆阻止IGBT5が4個並列接続され、逆耐圧を有さない第1のIGBT1(通常用いられているIGBT)が4個並列接続され、FWD(フリーホイーリングダイオード)2が4個で各第1のIGBT1に逆並列された配置された例を挙げた。これは、図18のFWD(D2)を除去した場合の配置と同じである。また、イとロのQ11はパッケージ56内で接続しており、パッケージ56上に配置されるのはイのQ11であり、図17のE1C2に相当する端子である。
このように、図1の半導体モジュール100で用いられるパッケージ56は、図17(b)に示す従来の半導体モジュール47の既存のパッケージ56aと共用できるため、3レベルインバータ500用として新規のパッケージを開発する必要がなく、第1半導体モジュール100の開発期間の短縮と、低コスト化ができる。
<実施例2>
図3は、この発明の第2実施例の半導体モジュールの構成図であり、同図(a)は要部回路図、同図(b)は要部平面図である。図4は、図3の半導体モジュールの内部構造図である。図4は、逆耐圧を有する第2の逆阻止IGBT6が4個並列接続され、逆耐圧を有さない第2のIGBT3(通常用いられているIGBT)が4個並列接続され、FWD4が4個で各通常の第2のIGBT3に逆並列された配置された例を挙げた。これは、図18のFWD(D1)を除去した場合の配置と同じである。また、イとロのQ22はパッケージ56内で接続しており、パッケージ56上に配置されるのはイのQ22であり、図17のE1C2に相当する端子である。
尚、図中のG3,E3は第2の逆阻止IGBT6のゲート端子、エミッタ補助端子であり、G4,E4は第2のIGBT3のゲート端子、エミッタ補助端子である。
<実施例3>
図5および図6は、この発明の第3実施例の上下アームキットであり、図5は要部回路図、図6は要部平面図である。
前記第1半導体モジュール100の第1の接続端子9(Q11)と第2半導体モジュール200の第2の接続端子10(Q22)を点線で示す第1の接続導体13で接続して3レベルインバータ500(図9、図10参照)の出力端子の例えばU端子とする。
<実施例4>
図7および図8は、この発明の第4実施例の上下アームキットであり、図7は要部回路図、図8は要部平面図である。
<実施例5>
図9および図10は、この発明の第5実施例の3レベルインバータの構成図であり、図9は要部回路図、図10は要部平面図である。図10では図9に示す第1、第2の直流電源23,24は図示されていない。
また、3個の上下アームキット300のそれぞれのM11,M22を第2の接続導体14で接続して、中間電位端子であるM端子とする。この部分は図9に示す3レベルインバータ500の交流スイッチ15を構成する。
また、第2の半導体モジュール200の低電位側端子8(E22)同士を第6の接続導体22で接続して3レベルインバータ500のN端子とする。
<実施例6>
図11および図12は、この発明の第6実施例の3レベルインバータの構成図であり、図11は要部回路図、図12は要部平面図である。図12では図10に示す第1、第2の直流電源23,24は図示されていない。
尚、前記の第1実施例から第6実施例は半導体素子としてIGBTを例として挙げたが、パワーMOSFETを用いても構わない。しかし、FWDが内蔵されたパワーMOSFETの場合には、FWDを外付けする必要はない。また、パワーMOSFETは逆耐圧がないため、逆阻止IGBTに相当する部位に用いるパワーMOSFETには直列にダイオードを接続する必要がある。
さらに、多数の変形、変更が当業者にとって可能であり、本発明は上記に示し、説明した正確な構成および応用例に限定されるものではなく、対応するすべての変形例および均等物は、添付の請求項およびその均等物による本発明の範囲とみなされる。
2,4 FWD
3 第2のIGBT
5 第1の逆阻止IGBT
6 第2の逆阻止IGBT
7 高電位側端子(C11)
8 低電位側端子(E22)
9 第1の接続端子(Q11)
9a,10a,18,19 接続点
10 第2の接続端子(Q22)
11 第1の中間電位補助端子(M11)
12 第2の中間電位補助端子(M22)
13 第1の接続導体(出力端子:U端子、V端子、N端子)
14 第2の接続導体(中間電位端子:M端子)
15 交流スイッチ
16 第3の接続導体
17 第4の接続導体
21 第5の接続導体(P端子)
22 第6の接続導体(N端子)
23 第1の直流電源
24 第2の直流電源
25 第7の接続導体(中間電位端子:M端子)
26 第8の接続導体(出力端子:U端子、V端子、W端子)
56 パッケージ(既存のパッケージ56aと同じ)
100 第1半導体モジュール
200 第2半導体モジュール
300,400 上下アームキット
500,600 3レベルインバータ
Claims (8)
- フリーホイーリングダイオードを逆並列接続した逆耐圧を有さない第1のスイッチング素子と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と直列接続する逆耐圧を有する第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子を収納した第1のパッケージと、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第1のスイッチング素子の高電位側と接続する高電位側端子(C11)と、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置される前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子の低電位側と接続する第1の中間電位補助端子(M11)と、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子とに接続する第1の接続端子(Q11)と、
を有することを特徴とする半導体モジュール。 - 逆耐圧を有する第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と直列接続しフリーホイーリングダイオードを逆並列接続した逆耐圧を有さない第2のスイッチング素子と、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子を収納した第2のパッケージと、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子の高電位側と接続する第2の中間電位補助端子(M22)と、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2のスイッチング素子の低電位側と接続する低電位側端子(E22)と、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子とに接続する第2の接続端子(Q22)と、
を有することを特徴とする半導体モジュール。 - 前記第1のスイッチング素子は、逆耐圧を有さない絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタであり、
前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子は、逆耐圧を有する逆阻止絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタであり、前記高電位側がコレクタであり、前記低電位側がエミッタであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の半導体モジュール。 - 前記第2のスイッチング素子は、逆耐圧を有さない絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタであり、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子は、逆耐圧を有する逆阻止絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタであり、前記高電位側がコレクタであり、前記低電位側がエミッタであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第2項に記載の半導体モジュール。 - 3レベルインバータの上アーム側となる第1の半導体モジュールと、前記3レベルインバータの下アーム側となる第2の半導体モジュールの一対の組からなる上下アームキットであって、
前記第1の半導体モジュールは、
フリーホイーリングダイオードを逆並列接続した逆耐圧を有さない第1のスイッチング素子と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と直列接続する逆耐圧を有する第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子を収納した第1のパッケージと、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第1のスイッチング素子の高電位側と接続する高電位側端子(C11)と、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置される前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子の低電位側と接続する第1の中間電位補助端子(M11)と、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子とに接続する第1の接続端子(Q11)と、
を有し、
前記第2の半導体モジュールは、
逆耐圧を有する第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と直列接続しフリーホイーリングダイオードを逆並列接続した逆耐圧を有さない第2のスイッチング素子と、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子を収納した第2のパッケージと、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子の高電位側と接続する第2の中間電位補助端子(M22)と、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2のスイッチング素子の低電位側と接続する低電位側端子(E22)と、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子とに接続する第2の接続端子(Q22)と、
を有する、
ことを特徴とする上下アームキット。 - 第1の半導体モジュールと、第2の半導体モジュールと、を含む上下アームキットであって、
前記第1の半導体モジュールは、
フリーホイーリングダイオードを逆並列接続した逆耐圧を有さない第1のスイッチング素子と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と直列接続する逆耐圧を有する第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子と、
前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子を収納した第1のパッケージと、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第1のスイッチング素子の高電位側と接続する高電位側端子(C11)と、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置される前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子の低電位側と接続する第1の中間電位補助端子(M11)と、
前記第1のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第1のスイッチング素子と前記第1の逆阻止スイッチング素子とに接続する第1の接続端子(Q11)と、
を有し、
前記第2の半導体モジュールは、
逆耐圧を有する第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と直列接続しフリーホイーリングダイオードを逆並列接続した逆耐圧を有さない第2のスイッチング素子と、
前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子を収納した第2のパッケージと、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子の高電位側と接続する第2の中間電位補助端子(M22)と、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2のスイッチング素子の低電位側と接続する低電位側端子(E22)と、
前記第2のパッケージの上面に配置され前記第2の逆阻止スイッチング素子と前記第2のスイッチング素子とに接続する第2の接続端子(Q22)と、
を有し、
前記第1の接続端子(Q11端子)と、前記第2の接続端子(Q22端子)と、を第1の接続導体で接続し、前記第1の半導体モジュールの中間電位補助端子(M11端子)と前記第2の半導体モジュールの中間電位補助端子(M22端子)と、を第2の接続導体で接続する、
ことを特徴とする上下アームキット。 - 請求の範囲第5項に記載の上下アームキットを3個並列配置し、
前記第1の半導体モジュールの前記高電位側端子(C11端子)同士を第3の接続導体で接続し、前記第2の半導体モジュールの低電位側端子(E22端子)同士を第4の接続導体で接続し、各前記第1の半導体モジュールの中間電位補助端子(M11)と各前記第2の半導体モジュールの中間電位補助端子(M22)同士を第5の接続導体で接続し、前記第3の接続導体と前記第5の接続導体に第1の直流電源の正極と負極をそれぞれ接続し、前記第5の接続導体と前記第4の接続導体に第2の直流電源の正極と負極をそれぞれ接続し、各前記第1の半導体モジュールの第1の接続端子(Q11)と各前記第2の半導体モジュールの第2の接続端子(Q22)を各々第6の接続導体で接続し、該3個の第6の接続導体を出力端子であるU端子、V端子、W端子とする、
ことを特徴とする3レベルインバータ。 - 請求の範囲第6項に記載の上下アームキットを3個並列配置し、
前記3個の第1の接続導体に3レベルインバータの出力端子であるU端子、V端子、W端子をそれぞれ接続し、前記第2の接続導体同士を接続して中間電位端子(M端子)とし、前記第1半導体モジュールの高電位側端子同士と第1の直流電源の正極を第3の接続導体(P端子)を介して接続し、該第1の直流電源の負極を前記中間電位端子(M端子)に接続し、前記第2半導体モジュールの低電位側端子同士と第2の直流電源の負極を第4の接続導体(N端子)を介して接続し、該第2の直流電源の正極を前記中間電位端子(M端子)に接続する、
ことを特徴とする3レベルインバータ。
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