WO2012114767A1 - 車両用空調装置 - Google Patents
車両用空調装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012114767A1 WO2012114767A1 PCT/JP2012/001269 JP2012001269W WO2012114767A1 WO 2012114767 A1 WO2012114767 A1 WO 2012114767A1 JP 2012001269 W JP2012001269 W JP 2012001269W WO 2012114767 A1 WO2012114767 A1 WO 2012114767A1
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- heat exchanger
- air
- indoor heat
- flow path
- duct
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H1/00035—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment
- B60H1/00057—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment the air being heated and cooled simultaneously, e.g. using parallel heat exchangers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H2001/00114—Heating or cooling details
- B60H2001/00135—Deviding walls for separate air flows
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H2001/0015—Temperature regulation
- B60H2001/00178—Temperature regulation comprising an air passage from the HVAC box to the exterior of the cabin
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner that cools and heats a passenger compartment.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle air conditioner 100 as shown in FIG. 6A.
- the vehicle air conditioner 100 includes a heat pump circuit 110 in which the refrigerant flows only in one direction.
- the heat pump circuit 110 includes a compressor 121, a first indoor heat exchanger 131, a first expansion valve 122, an outdoor heat exchanger 133, a second expansion valve 123, and a second indoor heat exchanger 132. They are connected in this order by road.
- the heat pump circuit 110 is provided with a short-circuit path that bypasses the first expansion valve 122 and a short-circuit path that bypasses the second expansion valve 123.
- the short-circuit path includes the first on-off valve 141 and the second short-circuit path.
- An on-off valve 142 is provided.
- the first indoor heat exchanger 131 and the second indoor heat exchanger 132 are arranged in a duct 150 for selectively flowing inside air or outside air. Inside air or outside air is taken into the duct 150 from one end on the second indoor heat exchanger 132 side by a blower (not shown), and the inside air or outside air is blown out from the other end on the first indoor heat exchanger 131 side into the vehicle interior.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 132 is located on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 131.
- a first damper 161 is disposed on the windward side of the second indoor heat exchanger 132, and the second damper 162 is disposed on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 131. Is arranged.
- the first on-off valve 141 is opened and the second on-off valve 142 is closed. Further, the first damper 161 and the second damper 162 are set at positions indicated by solid lines in FIG. 6B.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 121 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 133 without being radiated by the first indoor heat exchanger 131, and after being radiated here, is expanded by the second expansion valve 123.
- the expanded refrigerant absorbs heat in the second indoor heat exchanger 132 and is then sucked into the compressor 121.
- the first on-off valve 141 is closed and the second on-off valve 142 is opened.
- the first damper 161 and the second damper 162 are set at positions indicated by two-dot chain lines in FIG. 6B.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 121 dissipates heat in the first indoor heat exchanger 131 and is expanded by the first expansion valve 122.
- the expanded refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 133, absorbs heat here, and then is sucked into the compressor 121 without further absorbing heat in the second indoor heat exchanger 132.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle air conditioner that can efficiently use energy.
- the present invention provides a vehicle air conditioner that cools and heats a vehicle interior, and includes an outside air inlet for introducing outside air into the vehicle interior, and air inside the vehicle interior.
- a duct having an inlet for taking in the inside air and an outlet for blowing out air into the vehicle interior, a blower for generating a flow of air from the inlet to the outlet in the duct, and the duct
- a first indoor heat exchanger that mainly contributes to heating disposed inside
- a second indoor heat exchanger that mainly contributes to cooling disposed in the duct
- an outdoor heat exchanger disposed outside the vehicle interior.
- a heat pump circuit, and the duct includes a heating exhaust port for discharging air cooled by the second indoor heat exchanger during the heating operation to the outside of the vehicle compartment, and the first chamber during the cooling operation. Cooling exhaust port for discharging the air heated by the heat exchanger to the vehicle outside, at least one of is provided, to provide a vehicle air conditioner.
- the exhaust port for heating when the exhaust port for heating is provided, heat can be taken from the inside air by the 2nd indoor heat exchanger in the middle of the inside air warmed by heating being discharged
- the cooling exhaust port when the cooling exhaust port is provided, heat can be given to the inside air by the first indoor heat exchanger while the inside air cooled by the cooling is being discharged to the outside. That is, in either case, the inside air discharged to the outside can be rationally used to efficiently use energy.
- FIG. 6A is a configuration diagram of a conventional vehicle air conditioner
- FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram showing a damper used in the vehicle air conditioner.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- This vehicle air conditioner 1A performs cooling and heating of a vehicle interior (not shown), and includes a heat pump circuit 2A for circulating the refrigerant and a control device 6.
- a heat pump circuit 2A for circulating the refrigerant and a control device 6.
- the refrigerant R134a, R410A, HFO-1234yf , HFO-1234ze, in addition to such CO 2, other HFC system, HC-based and available.
- the heat pump circuit 2A includes a compressor 11, a first indoor heat exchanger 12A, a first expansion valve 13A, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, a second expansion valve 13B, and a second indoor heat exchanger 12B. These devices (11, 12A, 13A, 14, 13B, 12B) are annularly connected in this order by the first flow path 2a to the sixth flow path 2f.
- the compressor 11 is driven by an electric motor (not shown), compresses the refrigerant sucked from the suction port, and discharges it from the discharge port.
- the electric motor may be disposed inside the compressor 11 or may be disposed outside.
- the discharge port of the compressor 11 is connected to the first indoor heat exchanger 12A via the first flow path 2a.
- the first indoor heat exchanger 12A mainly contributes to heating, and is arranged in the duct 3.
- the duct 3 has an inflow port 31 for taking in the inside air, which is air in the vehicle interior, and an outflow port 32 for blowing out air into the vehicle interior.
- a blower 4 is disposed in the duct 3 near the inlet 31 as a blower of the present invention, and the blower 4 generates an air flow from the inlet 31 to the outlet 32 in the duct 3.
- the air blower of this invention is not limited to the blower 4, A fan may be sufficient. When using a fan, it is also possible to arrange the fan near the outlet 32.
- an outside air inlet 33 for introducing outside air into the vehicle interior is provided in the duct 3 so that the outside air is introduced into the vehicle interior through the duct 3. Furthermore, an intake damper 51 is provided in the duct 3 to adjust the ratio of the amount of outside air taken into the duct 3 through the outside air inlet 33 and the amount of inside air taken into the duct 3 through the inlet 31. . Then, the first indoor heat exchanger 12A performs heat exchange between the inside air and / or outside air supplied by the blower 4 and the refrigerant. In the present embodiment, the first indoor heat exchanger 12A functions as a condenser during both the cooling operation and the heating operation. The first indoor heat exchanger 12A is connected to the first expansion valve 13A via the second flow path 2b.
- the first expansion valve 13A passes the refrigerant as it is during the cooling operation and expands the refrigerant during the heating operation.
- the first expansion valve 13A is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 14 via the third flow path 2c.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is disposed outside the vehicle compartment (for example, the front of the automobile), and performs heat exchange between the vehicle running and the outside air supplied by the fan 16 and the refrigerant.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 functions as a condenser during the cooling operation, and functions as an evaporator during the heating operation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is connected to the second expansion valve 13B via the fourth flow path 2d.
- the second expansion valve 13B expands the refrigerant during the cooling operation and passes the refrigerant as it is during the heating operation.
- the second expansion valve 13B is connected to the second indoor heat exchanger 12B via the fifth flow path 2e.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B mainly contributes to cooling, and is arranged in the duct 3 to exchange heat between the inside air and / or outside air supplied by the blower 4 and the refrigerant.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B is located in the duct 3 on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 12A.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B functions as an evaporator during both the cooling operation and the heating operation.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B is connected to the suction port of the compressor 11 through the sixth flow path 2f.
- An accumulator 15 is provided in the sixth flow path 2f.
- the portion of the duct 3 that houses the first indoor heat exchanger 12 ⁇ / b> A and the second indoor heat exchanger 12 ⁇ / b> B is schematically depicted as a cylinder having a constant cross-sectional area.
- the actual shape may be swollen or wavy according to the space where the duct 3 is installed.
- the outflow port 32 mentioned above may be branched into several, such as a defroster blower outlet, a face blower outlet, and a foot blower outlet.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B includes a first flow path 3A that passes through the second indoor heat exchanger 12B in the duct 3 and a second flow path that does not pass through the second indoor heat exchanger 12B.
- 3B is arranged to form a layer.
- the first indoor heat exchanger 12A includes a third flow path 3C that passes through the first indoor heat exchanger 12A in the duct 3 and a fourth flow path 3D that does not pass through the first indoor heat exchanger 12A.
- the duct 3 there are a first partition plate 41 that partitions the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B, and a second partition plate 42 that partitions the third flow path 3C and the fourth flow path 3D. It is arranged.
- the first flow path 3A is continuous with the fourth flow path 3D
- the second flow path 3B is continuous with the third flow path 3C.
- the first partition plate 41 and the second partition plate 42 are located on opposite sides of each other.
- a first adjustment damper 52 that adjusts the ratio of the air volume flowing through the first flow path 3A and the air flow flowing through the second flow path 3B, the air volume flowing through the third flow path 3C, and the fourth flow path.
- a second adjustment damper 53 that adjusts the ratio of the amount of air flowing through 3D is provided.
- the second adjustment damper 53 is disposed between the first partition plate 41 and the second partition plate 42, and the first adjustment damper 52 is disposed on the windward side of the first partition plate 41.
- the first adjustment damper 52 is disposed between the first partition plate 41 and the second partition plate 42, and the second adjustment damper 53 is disposed on the leeward side of the second partition plate 42. May be.
- the second adjustment damper 53 (the first adjustment damper 52 in the case of FIG. 2) disposed between the first partition plate 41 and the second partition plate 42 is connected to the leeward end of the first partition plate 41 and the second adjustment damper 53.
- the air that has passed through the first flow path 3A and the air that has passed through the second wind path 3B are prevented from being mixed.
- the first adjustment damper 52 has a position where the second flow path 3B is blocked as a bypass side blocking position and a position where the first flow path 3A is blocked as a heat exchanger side.
- a position between the heat exchanger side blocking position is referred to as a heat exchanger side suppression position.
- the position at which the fourth flow path 3D is blocked is the bypass side blocking position
- the position at which the third flow path 3C is blocked is the heat exchanger side blocking position
- the leeward side of the first partition plate 41 The position located on the line connecting the end of the second partition plate 42 and the windward end of the second partition plate 42 is the intermediate position
- the position between the intermediate position and the bypass side blocking position is the bypass side restraining position
- the heat exchange with the intermediate position A position between the heat exchanger side blocking position is referred to as a heat exchanger side suppression position.
- a heating exhaust port 34 is provided on the leeward side of the second indoor heat exchanger 12B, and a cooling exhaust port 35 is provided on the leeward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 12A.
- the heating exhaust port 34 is for discharging the air cooled by the second indoor heat exchanger 12B to the outside of the passenger compartment during heating operation
- the cooling exhaust port 35 is the first indoor heat exchanger during cooling operation. This is for discharging the air heated by 12A out of the passenger compartment.
- the heating exhaust port 34 is disposed at a position corresponding to the first partition plate 41 so as to open to the first flow path 3A, and the cooling exhaust port 35 opens to the third flow path 3C. In this way, it is arranged at a position corresponding to the second partition plate 42. However, since the first flow path 3A is continuous with the fourth flow path 3D, the heating exhaust port 34 corresponds to the second partition plate 42 so as to open to the fourth flow path 3D as shown in FIG. It may be arranged in the position to do.
- a heating discharge damper 54 that opens and closes the heating exhaust port 34 and a cooling discharge damper 55 that opens and closes the cooling exhaust port 35 are attached to the duct 3.
- the heating exhaust damper 54 has a swing shaft on the leeward side of the heating exhaust port 34, and swings inward of the duct 3 from the closed position where the heating exhaust port 34 is closed, thereby moving the heating exhaust port 34. open. That is, the heating exhaust damper 54 guides the air that has passed through the second indoor heat exchanger 12B to the heating exhaust port 34 when the heating exhaust port 34 is opened. When the heating exhaust port 34 is opened, the heating discharge damper 54 can be stopped at an arbitrary position by a servo motor (not shown).
- the heating discharge damper 54 closes the heating exhaust port 34 and the leading end of the heating discharge damper 54 approaches or abuts the first partition plate 41 to block the first flow path 3A. It is possible to swing between a blocking position (a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1). However, as shown in FIG. 2, when the heating exhaust port 34 is disposed at a position corresponding to the second partition plate 42, the heating exhaust damper 54 has a closed position for closing the heating exhaust port 34, The front end of the heating discharge damper 54 may be swingable between a blocking position where the tip of the fourth flow path 3D is blocked by approaching or contacting the second partition plate 42.
- the cooling exhaust damper 55 has a swing shaft on the leeward side of the cooling exhaust port 35, and swings inward from the closed position where the cooling exhaust port 35 is closed so that the cooling exhaust port 35 is moved. open. That is, the cooling exhaust damper 55 guides the air that has passed through the first indoor heat exchanger 12A to the cooling exhaust port 35 when the cooling exhaust port 35 is opened.
- the cooling discharge damper 55 can be stopped at an arbitrary position by a servo motor (not shown).
- the cooling discharge damper 55 closes the cooling exhaust port 35, and the tip of the cooling discharge damper 55 approaches or comes into contact with the second partition plate 42 to block the third flow path 3C. It is possible to swing between a blocking position (a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1).
- the above-described compressor 11, first expansion valve 13A and second expansion valve 13B, and various dampers 51 to 55 are controlled by the control device 6.
- the control device 6 is connected to an operation panel (not shown) disposed in the passenger compartment, and performs a cooling operation and a heating operation.
- an operation panel not shown
- the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1A during the cooling operation and the heating operation will be described.
- the case where a vehicle interior is ventilated is demonstrated typically.
- the control device 6 first opens the first expansion valve 13A and sets the second expansion valve 13B to a predetermined opening. Further, the control device 6 sets the first adjustment damper 52 at the bypass side suppression position so that the air volume flowing through the first flow path 3A is larger than the air volume flowing through the second flow path 3B. At this time, the second adjustment damper 53 is set at an intermediate position, for example. For this reason, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 dissipates heat in the first indoor heat exchanger 12A and the outdoor heat exchanger 14, depressurizes in the second expansion valve 13B, and then absorbs heat in the second indoor heat exchanger 12B. .
- the intake damper 51 is controlled so that outside air having a flow rate sufficient for ventilation is taken into the duct 3 from the outside air introduction port 33, and the heating exhaust damper 54 closes the heating exhaust port 34.
- the cooling discharge damper 55 is set, for example, at a blocking position for blocking the third flow path 3C, and the cooling exhaust port 35 is opened. For this reason, the inside air taken in from the inflow port 31 and the outside air taken in from the outside air introduction port 33 are mixed with each other to become an air-fuel mixture. The air is blown out from the exit 32 into the passenger compartment. The remaining air-fuel mixture is heated by cooling the refrigerant in the first indoor heat exchanger 12A, and then discharged outside the vehicle compartment through the cooling exhaust port 35.
- the flow rate of the air discharged out of the passenger compartment through the cooling exhaust port 35 is equal to or less than the flow rate of the outside air taken in through the outside air introduction port 33.
- the cooling discharge damper 55 may be set at the shut-off position, and the flow rate flowing into the third flow path 3C at least one of the first adjustment damper 52 and the second adjustment damper 53 may be regulated. . In this way, the entire amount of air that has passed through the first indoor heat exchanger 12A is discharged to the outside. Or after setting both the 1st adjustment damper 52 and the 2nd adjustment damper 53 in a desired position, you may regulate the quantity of the air guide
- the second adjustment damper 53 is connected to the first partition plate 41 (intermediate position), and the flow rate of the air flowing through the first flow path 3A and the second flow path 3B is adjusted by the first adjustment damper 52. Good.
- a cooling exhaust damper 55 may be set at the closed position, the first adjustment damper 52 may be set at the bypass side cutoff position, and the second adjustment damper 53 may be set at the heat exchanger side cutoff position.
- the control device 6 first opens the second expansion valve 13B and sets the first expansion valve 13A to a predetermined opening. Moreover, the control apparatus 6 sets the 1st adjustment damper 52 to the heat exchanger side suppression position, and makes the air volume which flows through the 2nd flow path 3B become larger than the air volume which flows through the 1st flow path 3A. At this time, the second adjustment damper 53 is set at an intermediate position, for example. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 dissipates heat in the first indoor heat exchanger 12A, depressurizes in the first expansion valve 13A, and then absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the second indoor heat exchanger 12B. .
- the intake damper 51 is controlled so that outside air having a flow rate sufficient for ventilation is taken into the duct 3 from the outside air introduction port 33, and the cooling exhaust damper 55 closes the cooling exhaust port 35.
- the heating discharge damper 54 is set, for example, at a blocking position for blocking the first flow path 3A, and the heating exhaust port 34 is opened. For this reason, the inside air taken in from the inflow port 31 and the outside air taken in from the outside air introduction port 33 are mixed with each other to become an air-fuel mixture. The air is blown out from the exit 32 into the passenger compartment. The remaining air-fuel mixture is cooled by heating the refrigerant in the second indoor heat exchanger 12B, and then discharged outside the vehicle compartment through the heating exhaust port 34.
- the flow rate of the air discharged outside the passenger compartment through the heating exhaust port 34 is equal to or less than the flow rate of the outside air taken in through the outside air introduction port 33.
- the heating discharge damper 54 may be set at the blocking position, and the flow rate of the first adjustment damper 52 flowing into the first flow path 3A may be regulated. If it does in this way, the whole quantity of the air which passed the 2nd indoor heat exchanger 12B will be discharged outside. Or after setting the 1st adjustment damper 52 in a desired position, you may regulate the quantity of the air guide
- the heating discharge damper 54 is set to the closed position, the first adjustment damper 52 is set to the heat exchanger side shut-off position, and the second adjustment is performed.
- the damper 53 may be set at the bypass side cutoff position.
- the inside air can be given heat by the first indoor heat exchanger 12A.
- heat can be taken from the inside air by the second indoor heat exchanger 12B. That is, in either operation, the inside air discharged to the outside can be rationally used to efficiently use energy.
- a part of the outside air taken into the duct 3 is also discharged to the outside, and the outside air discharge is about the first indoor heat exchanger 12A during the cooling operation or
- the 2nd indoor heat exchanger 12B at the time of heating operation can be made to work as a sub heat exchanger of the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the efficiency of the vehicle air conditioner 1A can be improved. More specifically, an increase in capacity and efficiency is expected by heat absorption by the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the second heat exchanger 12B during heating operation, and heat dissipation by the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the first heat exchanger 12A during cooling operation. it can.
- an indoor evaporator that is not required during heating operation can be effectively used to improve the heating capacity
- an indoor condenser that is not required during cooling operation can be effectively used to improve the cooling capacity.
- the same amount of inside air as the outside air introduced into the vehicle compartment through the duct 3 is discharged to the outside through an exhaust port at the rear of the vehicle body or a gap between members constituting the vehicle compartment. Moreover, when both the outside air and the inside air are taken into the duct 3, it is possible to obtain both the effect of improving the heating or cooling ability and the above-described energy recovery effect.
- both the first indoor heat exchanger 12A and the second indoor heat exchanger 12B are smaller in size than the cross-sectional area of the duct 3 at the position where they are arranged.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- both or one of the first indoor heat exchanger 12 ⁇ / b> A and the second indoor heat exchanger 12 ⁇ / b> B have the same size as the cross-sectional area of the duct 3 at the position where they are arranged. You may have.
- dampers 51 to 55 it is not necessary for all the dampers 51 to 55 to be driven by a single motor, and some of them may be driven by a common motor using a link mechanism or the like.
- the two adjustment dampers 52 and 53 are disposed in the duct 3, but the role of the two adjustment dampers 52 and 53 is between the first partition plate 41 and the second partition plate 42. It is also possible to achieve with one adjusting damper arranged in
- the swinging plate-like damper is taken as an example, but the heating exhaust port 34 and the cooling exhaust port 35 can be opened and closed using a slide door or a film door.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1B of the present embodiment includes a heat pump circuit 2B in which the flow direction of the refrigerant is switched.
- the heat pump circuit 2B includes a compressor 11, a four-way valve 17, a first indoor heat exchanger 12A, an expansion valve 13, an outdoor heat exchanger 14, and a second indoor heat exchanger 12B.
- the first channel 21 to the seventh channel 27 are connected.
- the discharge port of the compressor 11 is connected to the first port of the four-way valve 17 via the first flow path 21.
- the second port of the four-way valve 17 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 14 via the second flow path 22, and the third port of the four-way valve 17 is connected to the first indoor heat exchange via the fifth flow path 25.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the first indoor heat exchanger 12A are connected to the expansion valve 13 via a third flow path 23 and a fourth flow path 24, respectively.
- the fourth port of the four-way valve 17 is connected to the second indoor heat exchanger 12B via the sixth flow path 26, and the second indoor heat exchanger 12B is connected to the compressor 11 via the seventh flow path 27.
- the accumulator 15 is provided in the seventh flow path 27.
- the expansion valve 13 expands the refrigerant and is an example of the expansion mechanism of the present invention.
- a positive displacement expander that recovers power from the expanding refrigerant may be employed.
- the four-way valve 17 functions as the switching means of the present invention, and switches the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the heat pump circuit 2B to the first direction indicated by the broken line arrow during the cooling operation, and the second direction indicated by the solid line arrow during the heating operation. Switch to the direction.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 14, the expansion valve 13, the first indoor heat exchanger 12A, and the second indoor heat exchanger 12B in this order and returns to the compressor 11.
- the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the first indoor heat exchanger 12A, the expansion valve 13, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 and the second indoor heat exchanger 12B in this order for compression.
- the direction is to return to the machine 11.
- the control device 6 passes the refrigerant as it is through the fifth flow path 25 between the first indoor heat exchanger 12A and the four-way valve 17 and the on state where the refrigerant is decompressed.
- An auxiliary decompression mechanism 18 that can be switched is provided. Specifically, the auxiliary decompression mechanism 18 is controlled to be in an off state during heating operation and normal cooling operation, and is controlled to be in an on state during energy recovery cooling operation for recovering energy from the inside air discharged to the outside during the cooling operation.
- the expansion valve 13 is set to a relatively large opening.
- the first indoor heat exchanger 12A functions as an evaporator during normal cooling operation, but functions as a condenser during energy recovery cooling operation.
- the first indoor heat exchanger 12A functions as a condenser.
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B functions as an evaporator during both the cooling operation and the heating operation.
- control of the various dampers 51 to 55 during the energy recovery cooling operation and the heating operation in the present embodiment is the same as the control during the cooling operation and the heating operation described in the first embodiment. Is omitted.
- the four-way valve 17 is used as the switching means, but the switching means of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the switching means as shown in FIG. 5A, two three-way valves 171 connected to the first flow path 21 and the sixth flow path 26 are connected in a loop shape by a pair of pipes 172, and these pipes 172 are connected.
- the circuit 17A to which the second flow path 22 and the fifth flow path 25 are connected may be used.
- the switching means may be a so-called bridge circuit 17B as shown in FIG. 5B.
- the heat pump circuit 2B is not necessarily provided with the decompression assist mechanism 18.
- the first indoor heat exchanger 12A functions only as an evaporator during both the cooling operation and the heating operation. That is, since air is not heated in the first indoor heat exchanger 12A during the cooling operation, the cooling exhaust port 35 and the cooling damper 55 may be omitted. In this case, since the air flowing in the duct 3 during the cooling operation is cooled by both the second indoor heat exchanger 12B and the first indoor heat exchanger 12A, the first indoor heat exchanger that mainly contributes to heating. 12A also contributes to cooling.
- both the heating exhaust port 34 and the cooling exhaust port 35 are provided in the duct 3.
- the duct 3 includes the heating exhaust port 34 and the cooling exhaust port 35. At least one should just be provided.
- the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention may improve only the heating performance by the configuration having only the heating exhaust port 34.
- the external air introduction port 33 was provided in the duct 3
- the external air introduction port 33 is provided in the member which prescribes
- the second indoor heat exchanger 12B does not necessarily need to be located on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 12A in the duct 3, and their arrangement positions may be reversed. However, if the second indoor heat exchanger 12B is located on the windward side of the first indoor heat exchanger 12A, before the air flowing in the duct 3 is heated by the first indoor heat exchanger 12A during the heating operation. It becomes possible to dehumidify with the second indoor heat exchanger 12B.
- the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention can be used for cooling and heating by efficiently using energy, and is particularly useful for non-combustion vehicles such as electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る車両用空調装置1Aの構成図である。この車両用空調装置1Aは、図略の車室内の冷房および暖房を行うものであり、冷媒を循環させるヒートポンプ回路2Aと、制御装置6とを備えている。なお、冷媒としては、R134a、R410A、HFO-1234yf、HFO-1234ze、CO2などに加え、他のHFC系、HC系などが利用できる。
冷房運転時、制御装置6は、まず第1膨張弁13Aを全開にするとともに、第2膨張弁13Bを所定の開度に設定する。また、制御装置6は、第1調整ダンパ52をバイパス側抑制位置にセットし、第1流路3Aを流れる風量が第2流路3Bを流れる風量よりも大きくなるようにする。このとき、第2調整ダンパ53は、例えば中間位置にセットされる。このため、圧縮機11から吐出された冷媒は、第1室内熱交換器12Aおよび室外熱交換器14で放熱し、第2膨張弁13Bで減圧した後に、第2室内熱交換器12Bで吸熱する。
暖房運転時、制御装置6は、まず第2膨張弁13Bを全開にするとともに、第1膨張弁13Aを所定の開度に設定する。また、制御装置6は、第1調整ダンパ52を熱交換器側抑制位置にセットし、第2流路3Bを流れる風量が第1流路3Aを流れる風量よりも大きくなるようにする。このとき、第2調整ダンパ53は、例えば中間位置にセットされる。このため、圧縮機11から吐出された冷媒は、第1室内熱交換器12Aで放熱し、第1膨張弁13Aで減圧した後に、室外熱交換器14および第2室内熱交換器12Bで吸熱する。
なお、前記実施形態では、第1室内熱交換器12Aおよび第2室内熱交換器12Bの双方の大きさが、それらが配置される位置でのダクト3の断面積よりも小さくされていた。しかしながら、本発明は、これに限定されるものではない。例えば、図3に示すように、第1室内熱交換器12Aおよび第2室内熱交換器12Bの双方または一方が、それらが配置される位置でのダクト3の断面積と同程度の大きさを有していてもよい。
図4は、本発明の第2実施形態に係る車両用空調装置1Bの構成図である。なお、本実施形態では、第1実施形態と同一構成部分には同一符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
前記実施形態では、切換手段として四方弁17が用いられていたが、本発明の切換手段はこれに限られるものではない。例えば、切換手段は、図5Aに示すような、第1流路21および第6流路26と接続された2つの三方弁171が一対の配管172によってループ状に接続され、それらの配管172に第2流路22および第5流路25が接続された回路17Aであってもよい。あるいは、切換手段は、図5Bに示すようないわゆるブリッジ回路17Bであってもよい。
前記第1および第2実施形態では、暖房用排気口34および冷房用排気口35の双方がダクト3に設けられていたが、ダクト3には、暖房用排気口34および冷房用排気口35の少なくとも一方が設けられていればよい。例えば、本発明の車両用空調装置は、暖房用排気口34のみを持つ構成により、暖房性能だけを向上させるものであってもよい。
Claims (11)
- 車室内の冷房および暖房を行う車両用空調装置であって、
前記車室内に外気を導入するための外気導入口と、
内部に前記車室内の空気である内気を取り込むための流入口および前記車室内に空気を吹き出すための流出口を有するダクトと、
前記ダクト内に前記流入口から前記流出口に向かう空気の流れを生じさせる送風機と、
前記ダクト内に配置された主として暖房に寄与する第1室内熱交換器、前記ダクト内に配置された主として冷房に寄与する第2室内熱交換器、および前記車室外に配置された、暖房運転時に蒸発器として機能し、冷房運転時に凝縮器として機能する室外熱交換器を含むヒートポンプ回路と、を備え、
前記ダクトには、暖房運転時に前記第2室内熱交換器で冷却された空気を前記車室外に排出するための暖房用排気口、および冷房運転時に前記第1室内熱交換器で加熱された空気を前記車室外に排出するための冷房用排気口、の少なくとも一方が設けられている、車両用空調装置。 - 前記ダクトには、前記暖房用排気口および前記冷房用排気口の双方が設けられている、請求項1に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記暖房用排気口を開閉する暖房用排出ダンパであって、前記暖房用排気口を開いたときには前記第2室内熱交換器を通過した空気を前記暖房用排気口に導く暖房用排出ダンパをさらに備える、請求項1または2に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記冷房用排気口を開閉する冷房用排出ダンパであって、前記冷房用排気口を開いたときには前記第1室内熱交換器を通過した空気を前記冷房用排気口に導く冷房用排出ダンパをさらに備える、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記第2室内熱交換器は、前記ダクト内で前記第1室内熱交換器よりも風上側に位置している、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記ダクト内に、前記第2室内熱交換器を経由する第1流路と前記第2室内熱交換器を経由しない第2流路とを仕切るように配設された第1仕切り板と、
前記ダクト内に、前記第1室内熱交換器を経由する第3流路と前記第1室内熱交換器を経由しない第4流路とを仕切るように配設された第2仕切り板と、をさらに備え、
前記第1室内熱交換器および前記第2室内熱交換器は、前記第1流路が前記第4流路と連続し、前記第2流路が前記第3流路と連続するように、前記第1仕切り板および前記第2仕切り板を挟んで互いに反対側に位置している、請求項5に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記ダクト内に配設された、前記第1流路を流れる風量と前記第2流路を流れる風量の比率を調整する第1調整ダンパと、
前記ダクト内に配設された、前記第3流路を流れる風量と前記第4流路を流れる風量の比率を調整する第2調整ダンパと、をさらに備える、請求項6に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記第2調整ダンパは、前記第1仕切り板と前記第2仕切り板との間に、前記第3流路の遮断、前記第4流路の遮断、および前記第1流路を通過した空気と前記第2風路を通過した空気との混合防止を選択的にし得るように設けられている、請求項7に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記外気導入口は、前記ダクトに設けられており、
前記外気導入口を通じて前記ダクト内に取り込まれる外気の量と前記流入口を通じて前記ダクト内に取り込まれる内気の量の比率を調整する吸気ダンパをさらに備える、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記ヒートポンプ回路は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、暖房運転時に冷媒を膨張させる第1膨張弁、および冷房運転時に冷媒を膨張させる第2膨張弁、をさらに含み、
前記圧縮機、前記第1室内熱交換器、前記第1膨張弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記第2膨張弁および前記第2室内熱交換器は、流路によってこの順に環状に接続されている、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記ヒートポンプ回路は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、および冷媒を膨張させる膨張機構、をさらに含み、
前記ヒートポンプ回路に流れる冷媒の流れ方向を、冷房運転時には前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒が前記室外熱交換器、前記膨張機構、前記第1室内熱交換器および前記第2室内熱交換器をこの順に通過して前記圧縮機に戻る第1方向に切り換え、暖房運転時には前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒が前記第1室内熱交換器、前記膨張機構、前記室外熱交換器および前記第2室内熱交換器をこの順に通過して前記圧縮機に戻る第2方向に切り換える切換手段をさらに備える、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。
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JP2013500909A JP5884079B2 (ja) | 2011-02-24 | 2012-02-24 | 車両用空調装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130333406A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
EP2679419B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
JPWO2012114767A1 (ja) | 2014-07-07 |
EP2679419A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
JP6167416B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
CN103402795B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2679419A1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
CN103402795A (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
JP5884079B2 (ja) | 2016-03-15 |
JP2015193381A (ja) | 2015-11-05 |
US9346337B2 (en) | 2016-05-24 |
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