WO2012101894A1 - 廃水処理装置及び廃水処理方法 - Google Patents
廃水処理装置及び廃水処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012101894A1 WO2012101894A1 PCT/JP2011/077202 JP2011077202W WO2012101894A1 WO 2012101894 A1 WO2012101894 A1 WO 2012101894A1 JP 2011077202 W JP2011077202 W JP 2011077202W WO 2012101894 A1 WO2012101894 A1 WO 2012101894A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2846—Anaerobic digestion processes using upflow anaerobic sludge blanket [UASB] reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/307—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a waste water treatment technology using a flowable microbial mass (granules which are self-granulated sludge consisting of microorganisms and a microbial film containing a substance serving as a core).
- a flowable microbial mass granules which are self-granulated sludge consisting of microorganisms and a microbial film containing a substance serving as a core.
- Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed supplies treated water from the bottom of the reaction tank filled with microbial blocks, and is included in the treated water under the upward water flow generated by this supply.
- Organic substances and nitrogen compounds are brought into contact with a microbial mass and decomposed by the metabolic reaction of the microorganisms (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- the UASB method is most characterized in that it can handle very high loads by using a densely aggregated microbial mass without the need for a filler serving as a microbial carrier.
- the microbial mass corresponds to a microbial membrane that includes a form called "granule" in which the microbe self-granulates and a core substance.
- Many microbial clumps such as granules and nucleated microbial membranes are excellent in sedimentation, and when the water to be treated is supplied from the bottom of the reaction vessel, there are few suspended microbial clumps in the upper part of the reaction vessel at an appropriate upward flow rate.
- a large amount of microbial mass is deposited and retained below the tank to form a state called a sludge bed.
- nitrification treatment that oxidizes ammonia to nitric acid by aerobic bacteria as the first stage
- denitrification treatment that reduces nitric acid to nitrogen gas using organic substances by the anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria in the second stage.
- anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing (commonly known as anammox) bacteria that can be denitrified from ammonia and nitrite have attracted attention, and the UASB method is also applied in this method.
- anammox bacterium When using an anammox bacterium, denitrification treatment with an anammox bacterium at a later stage is possible by nitrifying the ammonia to about half amount nitrous acid at the former stage, and the aeration power required for the aerobic treatment is significantly reduced.
- the anammox reaction in the latter stage is based on an autotrophic bacterium, the organic matter required in the denitrification by the heterotrophic bacterium becomes unnecessary. As a result, it is a very excellent nitrogen treatment method, such as eliminating the need for the organic matter supply required for wastewater having a low C / N ratio.
- the applicable nitrogen load in the anammox reactor varies depending on the process, it is reported in the demonstration test that it is 2.8 to 5.4 kg-N / m 3 / day (for example, non-patent document 2).
- the water quality (pH of the water to be treated, the concentration of the reaction substance, etc.) in the reaction tank is controlled so that the microorganisms in the reaction tank maintain high activity.
- Patent Document 1 by stirring the vicinity of the treated water injection point in the reaction tank, the inactivation or the activity decrease of the Anamox bacteria caused by the local increase of the nitrite nitrogen concentration of the treated water injection portion To prevent.
- the inflow point of the to-be-processed water containing nitrite nitrogen is provided with two or more in the height direction of a reaction tank, and the nitrite nitrogen injection
- the inhibiting factor of the water quality in the reaction tank is not resolved by injecting the treated water (or the mixed water of the treated water and the dilution water) (for example, the pH increases with the progress of the microbial reaction treatment)
- the water quality of the reaction tank can not be maintained in a state where the microorganisms become highly active only by dispersing and charging the water to be treated into the reaction tank.
- the inhibition of the activity of anammox bacteria is caused from a nitrite nitrogen concentration of about 50 to 200 mg / L, and the higher the concentration, the greater the inhibitory effect, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration in the water to be treated When the concentration is high, it is difficult to solve the factor that inhibits the activity of anammox bacteria simply by changing the water to be treated into dispersed inputs.
- the dilution water mixed with the water to be treated is increased in order to maintain the water quality in the reaction vessel in a state of high activity of the microorganisms, injection of dilution water costs more, or the dilution water into the reaction vessel Water flow increases.
- the flow rate of dilution water into the reaction vessel increases, the flow rate may be limited in the reaction vessel to limit the load.
- the anaerobic atmosphere in the reaction tank may be broken. Therefore, when the dilution water is injected, bringing in the dissolved oxygen to the reaction tank You have to be careful enough.
- the waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention and the waste water treatment method using this apparatus are characterized in that the pH of the treated water treated in this reaction tank is high in the UASB type reaction tank, and the microorganisms held in the reaction tank have high activity of nitrogen removal reaction. Adjusted to a pH suitable for carrying out the reaction and the pH-adjusted treated water is injected into the bed of the reaction tank, and the pH in the bed becomes a pH suitable for maintaining the reaction activity of the microorganism forming the microbial mass It is characterized in that it controls.
- the waste water treatment apparatus of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a waste water treatment apparatus for bringing the water to be treated into contact with microorganisms under rising water flow to decompose nitrogen compounds in the water to be treated.
- a reaction tank which supplies water from the bottom and contacts with the microorganism and then discharges it from the top as treated water, and a pH range in which a part of the treated water discharged from the reaction tank becomes high in reaction activity of the microorganism
- a bed in the reaction tank the treatment being pH-adjusted in the pH adjustment tank at a location separated from the supply portion of the water to be treated in the flow direction of the water to be treated And a channel for injecting water.
- the pH-adjusted treated water is injected such that the pH-adjusted treated water is injected at 50% or less of the height of the bed. It is characterized in that a route is provided.
- the waste water treatment apparatus is characterized in that, in the waste water treatment apparatus, the pH-adjusted treated water is injected without being mixed with the water to be treated.
- a plurality of paths for injecting the pH-adjusted treated water are provided in the flow direction of the water to be treated in the reaction tank.
- a waste water treatment apparatus for solving the above-mentioned problems is a waste water treatment apparatus for contacting treated water with microorganisms under rising water to decompose nitrogen compounds in the treated water, A reaction tank for supplying water from the bottom and bringing it into contact with the microorganism and discharging it from the top as treated water, and a part of the treated water discharged from the reaction tank in a pH range where the reaction activity of the microorganism is high PH adjustment tank adjusted to become, a bubble separation member provided inside the reaction tank, for separating air bubbles generated by reaction of the microorganism and the water to be treated, and the air bubble separation Providing a path for injecting treated water pH-adjusted in the pH adjustment tank at a location below the member and separated from the water supply portion in the flow direction of the water to be treated; It is characterized.
- the reaction vessel in which the water to be treated and the microorganism are brought into contact with each other and the pH of the treated water after being treated in the reaction vessel have high reaction activity of the microorganism. And adjusting the pH of the reaction vessel to a pH range such that the treated water is supplied from the bottom of the reaction vessel, and the treated water is the microorganism. After contacting with water, the treated water is discharged from the upper part of the reaction tank, and a part of the discharged treated water is adjusted by the pH adjustment tank so as to be in a pH range where the reaction activity of the microorganism is increased. It is characterized in that the pH-adjusted treated water is injected into a bed of the reaction tank, which is separated from the supply portion of the treated water in the flow direction of the treated water.
- the waste water treatment method of the present invention for solving the above problems is provided in a reaction tank in which the water to be treated and the microorganism are brought into contact reaction, and is provided inside the reaction tank and is generated by the reaction of the microorganism and the water to be treated. And a pH adjusting tank for adjusting a part of the treated water after being treated in the reaction tank to be in a pH range in which the reaction activity of the microorganism is increased. And the waste water treatment apparatus having the waste water treatment apparatus, wherein the treated water is supplied from the bottom of the reaction vessel and the treated water is brought into contact with the microorganism, and then treated as treated water in the reaction vessel.
- the solution is discharged from the upper part, and a part of the discharged treated water is adjusted to be in a pH range in which the reaction activity of the microorganism becomes high in the pH adjustment tank, and the portion to be treated is below the bubble separating member
- the above-mentioned processing from the water supply section In spaced locations in the flow direction of the is characterized by injecting the treated water that has been pH adjusted by the pH adjustment tank.
- (A) A diagram showing the relationship between the height (H) of the reaction tank and the pH value in the reaction tank when the pH-adjusted treated water is not injected from the side of the reaction tank, (b) pH-adjusted treated water It is a figure which shows the relationship between the height (H) of the reaction tank at the time of inject
- the reaction treatment apparatus 5 includes a pH adjustment tank 18, a reaction tank 50, and a bubble collection pipe 12.
- An artificial wastewater tank 51 described later was connected to the bottom 500 of the reaction tank 50 via the supply pipe 101. Then, the water to be treated was supplied from the bottom portion 500 of the reaction tank 50, brought into contact with the bed 19 in the reaction tank 50, and then discharged from the top as treated water. The water to be treated was supplied by the pump P1 through the supply pipe 101 connected to the lower end of the reaction tank 50.
- the reaction tank 50 was formed in a cylindrical shape.
- the inner peripheral surface near the bottom 500 of the reaction vessel 50 is formed in a tapered shape of lower thickness so that the microbial mass can be easily accumulated at the bottom and the contact efficiency with the water to be treated can be enhanced.
- a circulation pipe 172 for returning part of the treated water to the reaction tank 50 was provided on the upper side surface of the reaction tank 50. Then, on the side surface of the reaction tank 50, a plurality of water collection pipes 7a to 7f are provided in the height direction of the reaction tank 50.
- the bubble collection tube 12 is constituted by a collection cone 121 formed in a gutter shape and a cylindrical portion 122 vertically connected to an upper end opening of the collection cone 121. Coaxially arranged with the tank. The bubble collection tube 12 collected the bubbles generated from the bed 19 and discharged it into the atmosphere through the cylindrical portion 122 connected to the ceiling of the reaction tank 50.
- the pH adjustment tank 18 was provided via the reaction tank 50 and the circulation pipe 172, and part of the treated water was transferred to the pH adjustment tank 18 via the circulation pipe 172. Furthermore, a pH meter 18a was provided in the pH adjustment tank 18, and the pH of the treated water was adjusted to a predetermined pH with 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 in the pH adjustment tank 18. Then, the treated water whose pH was adjusted by the pump P 2 through the circulation pipe 181 was circulated again to the reaction tank 50.
- the artificial wastewater tank 51 was connected to the bottom 500 of the reaction tank 50 through the supply pipe 101.
- the artificial wastewater tank 51 was provided with a dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) meter 51a and a pH meter 51b. Then, the water to be treated in the artificial wastewater tank 51 was supplied to the reaction tank 50 by the pump P1 through the supply pipe 101.
- the artificial wastewater tank 51 is provided in advance with the water to be treated adjusted to the composition shown in Table 1, and the nitrogen gas is adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water to be treated becomes 0.5 mg / L or less. Degassing was performed.
- the nitrogen volume load (NLR) is 7.0 kg-N / m 3 / day Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen were reacted in the presence of anammox bacteria. Then, the water to be treated was collected from the water collection pipes 7a to 7f, and the pH of the collected water to be treated was measured.
- the pH change of the to-be-processed water in the height direction of the reaction tank 50 in an anammox reaction is shown in FIG.
- the pH of the water to be treated in the reaction tank 50 is pH 7.5 at the inflow portion 500 at the lowermost part of the reaction tank 50
- the height 180 mm from the lowermost part of the reaction tank 50 (about the bed height
- the treated water collected in the water collection pipe 7a at 50%) is already at pH 8.43 and exceeds the pH range (pH 6.5 to 8.0) considered to be suitable for the anammox reaction.
- it is a position of height 100 mm (equivalent to 24% of the bed height) from the lowermost part of the reaction tank 50 that deviates from the upper limit (pH 8.0) of this suitable pH.
- the pH of the water to be treated flowing through the reaction tank 50 gradually increases as it goes upward from the position of the water collection pipe 7b. That is, when the water to be treated is allowed to flow from the bottom portion 500 of the reaction tank 50, as shown in FIG. 2, particularly, pH change occurs in almost all of the area of the bed 19 where the microbial mass is present. Then, the pH in the reaction tank 50 deviates from the upper limit of the preferred pH of the anammox bacteria in the vicinity of the upward flow side of the inflow portion 500 in the lower part of the reaction tank 50.
- the area of the bed 19 which is affected by the inhibition of activity by deviating from the upper limit of the preferred pH becomes wider, and the nitrogen removal performance is improved in proportion to the amount of anammox bacteria even if the total amount of the bacteria is sufficiently secured. On the contrary, nitrogen removal performance may be lowered.
- the substrate concentration remains high in the treated water, so the dilution effect of the pH-adjusted treated water is lost, and the treatment may be accelerated at an accelerated rate. There is also.
- the microbial mass that floats up with air bubbles above the bed 19 (in the reference example, deposited to a position near 420 mm from the bottom of the reaction tank) hardly contributes to nitrogen removal because it is affected by pH activity. Furthermore, the longer the residence time at the top, the less the activity of the anammox bacteria may be. Therefore, the microbial mass that has surfaced with the air bubbles needs to be returned to the bed 19 promptly, and the microbial mass collides with the collection cone 121 to separate the air bubbles and the microbial mass, and the microorganisms from which the air bubbles are separated. The mass descends and returns to the bed 19.
- Embodiment 1 The waste water treatment apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention and the waste water treatment method using this apparatus will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
- the wastewater treatment device 1 includes a reaction tank 10, a pH adjustment tank 18, and a side screen 13. Then, from the return pipe 181 connected to the pH adjustment tank 18, return pipes 181a to 181c are branched.
- the reaction tank 10 supplies the water to be treated from the bottom 100, contacts with the bed 19 of the microbial mass accumulated in the lower part of the reaction tank 10, and then discharges it from the top as treated water.
- the bed 19 (sludge bed) is a layer formed by a microbial mass deposited and retained in the lower part of the reaction tank 10, and the microbial mass is a form or nucleus called a granule in which the microorganism is self-granulated. Microbial membranes that contain Examples of the microorganism that forms this microbial mass include anammox bacteria.
- the load amount of the nitrogen compound supplied to the reaction tank 10 is determined by the volume of the bed 19, the substrate concentration of the water to be treated, the amount of water, and the like. And the microorganisms which were proliferated with continuation of operation are regularly withdrawn so that the height of bed 19 may be maintained predetermined height suitably. Therefore, the height of the bed 19 of the reaction tank 10 is preset as one of the operating conditions of the reaction tank 10.
- the water to be treated is supplied by the pump P1 through the supply pipe 101 connected to the lower end of the reaction tank 10.
- the water to be treated for example, a portion of ammonia in the water to be treated was converted to nitrous acid by treating the water to be treated containing ammonia in advance in a treatment tank (not shown) with aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria.
- Use of treated water is mentioned.
- the water to be treated is not particularly limited, and for example, the water to be treated containing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen may be supplied so that the reaction represented by the formula (1) efficiently proceeds. .
- the reaction tank 10 is formed in a cylindrical shape. Further, the inner peripheral surface near the bottom portion 100 of the reaction vessel 10 is formed in a tapered shape of lower thickness so that the microbial mass can be easily accumulated at the bottom portion and the contact efficiency with the water to be treated can be enhanced.
- a circulation pipe 172 for returning a part of the treated water to the reaction tank 10 is connected in communication with the treated water separation chamber 17 in addition to the outflow pipe 171 which causes the treated water to flow out of the system. ing.
- the circulation pipe 172 is connected to a pH adjustment tank 18 for adjusting the pH of the treated water transferred from the treated water separation chamber 17.
- the liquid phase in the reaction tank 10 may have a pH exceeding 8.5 due to the reaction shown in equation (1), which may reduce the activity of the microbial mass. Therefore, the pH of the treated water is adjusted to be near neutral (eg, pH 7.1 to 7.4) by the pH adjustment tank 18, and the pH-adjusted treated water is returned to the reaction tank 10 Stabilize microbial mass activity.
- the pH of the treated water is adjusted to be near neutral (eg, pH 7.1 to 7.4) by the pH adjustment tank 18, and the pH-adjusted treated water is returned to the reaction tank 10 Stabilize microbial mass activity.
- the pH adjustment tank 18 is connected to the bottom 100 of the reaction tank 10 via the return pipe 181 a and the supply pipe 101, and the water to be treated supplied from the supply pipe 101 is treated water whose pH is adjusted by the pH adjustment tank 18 Diluted by Further, the pH adjustment tank 18 is connected to the side surface of the reaction tank 10 via the return pipe 181 b or 181 c and injects pH-adjusted treated water into the vicinity of the lower part of the bed 19 of the reaction tank 10.
- the pH adjustment tank 18 includes a pump for injecting a pH adjustment chemical solution and a stirrer for stirring the treated water.
- the chemical solution known chemicals (sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.) applied to water treatment technology may be applied.
- a plurality of return pipes 181b and 181c are provided in the flow direction of the water to be treated flowing through the reaction tank 10 (that is, the height direction of the reaction tank 10), and the pH adjusted according to the treatment state of the reaction tank 10. Water injection may be controlled.
- the injection point for injecting the pH-adjusted treated water is not particularly limited as long as the bed 19 is deposited in the reaction tank 10.
- the water to be treated supplied from the supply pipe 101 is pH-adjusted so as to be in a pH range in which the activity of the Anamox reaction becomes high. Therefore, the injection point for injecting the pH-adjusted treated water is the Prepare at a place separated in the flow direction of treated water. Further, the injection point of the pH-adjusted treated water is not limited to providing the injection point on the side surface of the reaction tank 10 as long as the pH-adjusted treated water can be injected into the bed 19.
- the height 180 mm above the bottom of the reaction vessel 50 deviates from the upper limit (pH 8.0) of the preferred pH for the activity of anammox bacteria. ing. Therefore, assuming that the injection point of the pH-adjusted treated water into the reaction tank 10 is 50% or less of the height of the bed 19 in the reaction tank 10, the water quality of the water to be treated flowing through the bed 19 is The activity of Anammox bacteria can be maintained or restored to a high state.
- the side screen 13 separates the liquid phase containing the microbial mass in the upper portion of the reaction vessel 10 into the microbial mass and the water to be treated.
- the side screen 13 is formed of a slit-like or grid-like screen such as a wedge wire screen formed in a cylindrical shape.
- the screen width of the screen is set to be smaller than the average particle size of the microbial mass so as to be suitable for solid-liquid separation of the microbial mass and the water to be treated.
- the side screen 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape having the same diameter as that of the reaction vessel 10 and is installed on the circumferential side near the upper end of the reaction vessel 10.
- the treated water separation chamber 17 to which treated water is transferred via the side screen 13 is provided in the outer periphery near this upper end.
- the inner surface of the reaction tank 10 above the side screen 13 immersed in the liquid phase is a slit or grid screen such as a wedge wire, the surfaced microbial mass is pushed out by the flow of the water to be treated. It becomes easy to block the side screen 13. Therefore, it is desirable that the inner surface portion of the reaction vessel 10 above the side screen 13 be not permeable to water.
- Water to be treated is supplied from the bottom 100 into the reaction tank 10 through the supply pipe 101 by the pump P1.
- the nitrogen compounds in the water to be treated are decomposed by the microbial mass constituting the bed 19.
- the nitrous acid and the ammonia component contained in the water to be treated are converted to nitrogen gas by the denitrification reaction by anammox bacteria, which is one of the bacteria constituting the microbial mass shown in the formula (1).
- the nitrogen gas generated from the microbial mass rises toward the liquid level in the reaction vessel 10 by the upward water flow.
- the microbial mass in the vicinity of the bottom 100 where the biological activity is highest is likely to generate a large amount of gas and may lose its sedimentation due to the adhesion of the gas bubbles, and may rise on the upward water flow.
- the microbial mass to which the air bubbles are attached rises, it is separated from the microbial mass to which the air bubbles were attached by the action of the flow received from the upward flow, and the microbial mass from which the air bubbles are partly sedimented due to its own weight.
- the microbial mass from which the bubbles do not separate and the bubbles separated from the microbial mass move up the reaction tank 10 and move to the vicinity of the liquid surface.
- the bubble When the bubble rises, it reaches the liquid level and is released as a gas to the gas phase in the reaction tank 10 and exhausted from the exhaust pipe 103 to the outside of the system. Also, the microbial mass separated from the air bubbles when rising to the liquid surface descends by its own weight and settles toward the bed 19. Then, in this region of the reaction tank 10, when the microbial mass still attached with air bubbles comes in contact with the side screen 13 on the flow of treated water flowing out of the system through the side screen 13, a portion of the microbial mass The air bubbles are desorbed from the gas, the gas is released into the gas phase, and the microbial mass separated from the air bubbles descends by its own weight and settles toward the bed 19.
- the water to be treated which has risen to the upper layer in the vicinity of the liquid surface of the reaction tank 10 is subjected to solid-liquid separation by the side screen 13 and then discharged out of the system from the outflow pipe 171 of the treated water separation chamber 17.
- a pH adjuster such as an acid is added to the treated water flowing out of the treated water separation chamber 17 so that the pH of the treated water becomes a pH range where the reaction activity of the microbial mass is increased. adjust. Specifically, the pH is adjusted so that the pH of the treated water is near neutral (pH 7.1 to 7.4).
- the pH-adjusted treated water is injected from the return pipe 181 into the vicinity of the lower portion of the bed 19 of the reaction tank 10 by the pump P2 via the return pipes 181b and 181c.
- the liquid-phase environment of the reaction tank 10 can be pH-adjusted to a pH range (for example, about pH 7.5 or less) in which the biological activity of the microbial mass can be maintained.
- part of the treated water is supplied to the pH adjustment system through the circulation pipe 172 and then circulated and supplied to the supply pipe 101 through the return pipe 181a.
- the pH-adjusted treated water is injected into the vicinity of the lower part of the bed 19 of the reaction tank 10 to lower the pH raised by the biological treatment, and the water to be treated supplied to the reaction tank 10 and the anammox reaction occurred.
- the dilution of the reaction product can be carried out simultaneously.
- a concentration level that does not inhibit the activity of the microbial mass a high concentration substrate that inhibits the biological activity of the microbial mass
- the anaerobic biological activity of the bed 19 can be maintained.
- the pH-adjusted treated water returned to the reaction tank 10 is the treated water flowing through the reaction tank 10, the dissolved oxygen concentration is low. Therefore, the influence of dissolved oxygen on anammox bacteria can be reduced by using treated water as return water for adjusting the pH of the bed 19.
- the pH-adjusted water injected from the return pipes 181b and 181c is not limited to returning the pH-adjusted treated water as in the embodiment, and the solution of the present invention may be used if a pH-adjusted solution is injected. You can get the effect.
- each return pipe for injecting pH-adjusted treated water
- each return pipe is equipped with a valve (not shown)
- the reaction tank can be adjusted by adjusting this valve.
- pH adjustment and dilution of the water to be treated can be performed.
- the figure 19 is obtained by injecting pH-adjusted treated water into the bed 19 in the reaction tank 10 and within 50% or less of the height of the bed 19.
- the pH is adjusted so as to indicate that it is possible to advance the anamox reaction again. That is, when the pH-adjusted treated water is injected into the bed 19 located at 50% or less of the height of the bed 19 in the reaction tank 10, the treatment operation such as when the high nitrogen load or the pH buffering property of the water to be treated is low.
- the effective area of the bed 19 (the area where the activity of the bed 19 in the reaction tank 10 can be maintained) formed by sedimentation of the microbial mass can be widened, so that the wastewater treatment is performed with a high load. Also, anaerobic wastewater treatment can be performed while maintaining the activity of the microbial mass high.
- the waste water treatment apparatus 2 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5 includes, in the reaction tank 10, a bubble separating member for separating the gas and the microorganism generated by the contact reaction between the microorganism and the water to be treated.
- the configuration is the same as the configuration of the wastewater treatment device 1 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, about the structure similar to the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 which concerns on Embodiment 1, the same code
- the waste water treatment apparatus 2 includes a reaction tank 10, a pH adjustment tank 18, a bubble separation screen 11 and a side screen 13. Then, from the return pipe 181 connected to the pH adjustment tank 18, return pipes 181a to 181c are branched.
- the bubble separation screen 11 contacts the microbial mass to which the gas bubbles generated as a result of the microbial reaction are attached from the bed 19 staying in the vicinity of the bottom 100 of the reaction vessel 10 to separate the bubbles from the microbial mass.
- the bubble separation screen 11 is formed of a slit-like or grid-like screen such as a wedge wire screen formed in a square shape.
- return pipes 181 b and 181 c are provided on the side surface of the reaction tank 10 so as to inject pH-adjusted treated water into the water to be treated below the bubble separation screen 11.
- Water to be treated is supplied from the bottom 100 into the reaction tank 10 through the supply pipe 101 by the pump P1.
- the nitrogen compounds in the water to be treated are decomposed by the microbial mass constituting the bed 19.
- nitrous acid and ammonia components contained in the water to be treated are converted to nitrogen gas by denitrification reaction by anammox bacteria which is one of the bacteria constituting the microbial mass.
- Bubbles such as nitrogen gas generated from the microbial mass rise toward the liquid surface in the reaction tank 10 by the upward water flow.
- the microbial mass in the vicinity of the bottom 100 where the biological activity is highest is likely to generate a large amount of gas and may lose its sedimentation due to the adhesion of the gas bubbles, and may rise on the upward water flow.
- the contact of the microbial mass to which the air bubbles are attached with the air bubble separation screen 11 disposed in the bed 19 results in rapid release of the air bubbles. Therefore, the microbial mass from which the air bubbles are detached is likely to stay near the bottom portion 100, and the degree of accumulation of the microbial mass in the bed 19 can be increased.
- the water to be treated treated by the bed 19 is solid-liquid separated by the bubble separation screen 11 and then travels toward the upper layer of the reaction vessel 10 by the rising flow.
- the microbial mass to which air bubbles have been attached comes in contact with the side screen 13 on the flow of treated water flowing out of the system through the side screen 13, the air bubbles are detached from some of the microbial mass and the gas is air During the phase, the microbial mass settles in the direction of the bed 19.
- the water to be treated which has risen to the upper layer in the vicinity of the liquid surface of the reaction tank 10 is subjected to solid-liquid separation by the side screen 13 and then discharged out of the system from the outflow pipe 171 of the treated water separation chamber 17. Further, part of the treated water in the treated water separation chamber 17 is transferred to the pH adjustment tank 18 via the circulation pipe 172.
- a pH adjuster such as an acid is added to the treated water flowing out of the treated water separation chamber 17 to adjust the pH of the treated water to near neutrality (pH 7.1 to 7.4) Do.
- the pH-adjusted treated water is supplied from the return pipe 181 to the lower side of the bubble separation screen 11 of the reaction tank 10 by the pump P2 via the return pipes 181b and 181c.
- the liquid-phase environment of the reaction tank 10 can be pH-adjusted to a pH range (for example, about pH 7.5 or less) in which the biological activity of the microbial mass can be maintained.
- a part of the treated water is pH-adjusted in the pH adjustment tank 18 and then circularly supplied to the supply pipe 101 via the return pipe 181a.
- the water quality of the bed 19 and the water to be treated may change depending on the reaction conditions and the reaction treatment time.
- the pH-adjusted treated water is injected at a position corresponding to the bubble separation screen 11, whereby the microbial activity of the reaction tank 10 is obtained regardless of the height of the bed 19 Can be controlled to a high state. That is, when the bed 19 is deposited below the air bubble separation screen 11, the surface of the raised microbial mass is controlled by controlling the pH between the bed 19 and the air bubble screen 11 so that the activity of the microbial mass is not inhibited. It is returned to the bed 19 again while maintaining its activity. Thus, the growth of the bed 19 can be promoted.
- the bubble separation screen 11 is embedded in the bed 19, the treated water whose pH is adjusted is injected into the bed 19 in which the bubbles are generated, whereby the water quality of the region where the microbial reaction is active is Can be controlled to maintain high activity.
- the pH-adjusted treated water is injected into the vicinity of the lower part of the bed, so that the inside of the reaction tank is While suppressing the increase of the pH of the solution, the substrate (or reaction product) of the water to be treated can be sufficiently diluted. That is, while suppressing the pH increase of the treated water accompanying the progress of the anammox reaction, when the substrate concentration in the treated water is increased to a concentration that may inhibit the activity of the anammox bacteria, the effect of the inhibitory factor is It can be controlled to ease. Therefore, the reaction activity of the microbial mass in the reaction vessel can be maintained in a high state.
- the shape of the reaction vessel is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a rectangular cylindrical shape such as a rectangular or polygonal cross section.
- the shape of the bubble separation screen is not limited to one formed in a ring shape, and if the surface of the bubble separation screen has an inclination relative to the horizontal, the reaction vessel is a rectangular tube having a rectangular cross section. In the case of a shape or the like, it may be formed in a plate shape having an inclination relative to the horizontal extending in the longitudinal direction of the reaction vessel.
- the wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention can be used for denitrification treatment with anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria (denitrification bacteria) conventionally practiced
- the same effect can be obtained by applying the wastewater treatment method. That is, the pH range in which heterotrophic bacteria can maintain high activity is around neutral pH, and the reaction by denitrifying bacteria is caused by the reactions shown in the following formulas (2) and (3), and the treatment is carried out The pH of the water is believed to rise.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に先だって、発明者らは、参考例として図1に示す廃水処理装置5において、反応槽50にアナモックス細菌を植種して、アンモニア性窒素と亜硝酸性窒素とを反応させた。そして、この反応槽50の高さ方向のpH変化を測定した。
図1に示すように、参考例に係る反応処理装置5は、pH調整槽18と、反応槽50と、気泡捕集管12とを備える。
1.0NH4 ++1.32NO2 -+0.066HCO3 -+0.13H+→
1.02N2+0.26NO3 -+0.066CH2O0.5N0.15+2.03H2O…(1)
(1)式によれば、アナモックス反応が進行するにしたがって、被処理水中のH+が消費されるので、図2に示すように、反応槽50の上部にある被処理水ほどpHが高くなっている。このpH変化は、反応槽50へ流入する被処理水のpH緩衝性が低い場合に顕著となる。
図3、図4を参照して本発明の実施形態1に係る廃水処理装置1及びこの装置による廃水処理方法について詳細に説明する。
図3に示すように、廃水処理装置1は反応槽10とpH調整槽18と、側面スクリーン13とを備える。そして、pH調整槽18に接続された返送管181からは、返送管181a~181cが分岐している。
図3を参照しながら廃水処理装置1の動作例について説明する。
廃水処理装置1によれば、反応槽10のベッド19にpH調整された処理水を注入することで、ベッド19の水質をアナモックス細菌の活性が高い状態に維持できる水質となるように調整することができる。
図5を参照して本発明の実施形態2に係る廃水処理装置2及びこの装置による廃水処理方法について詳細に説明する。
廃水処理装置2は反応槽10とpH調整槽18と、気泡分離スクリーン11と側面スクリーン13とを備える。そして、pH調整槽18に接続された返送管181からは、返送管181a~181cが分岐している。
図5を参照しながら廃水処理装置2の動作例について説明する。
廃水処理装置2によれば浮上する微生物塊から気泡を分離させるとともに、ベッド19において反応槽10の高さ方向の水質を微生物が高い活性を維持することができる水質に調節することができる。また、pH調整された処理水の注入箇所を反応槽10内に備えられた気泡分離スクリーン11の配置箇所に備えることで、本発明の実施形態1に係る廃水処理装置1の効果に加えて、pH調整された処理水の注入時の水勢により気泡分離スクリーン11への微生物塊の付着を防止するとともに、微生物塊に付着する気泡の分離を促進し、ベッド19の微生物塊の集積度を高めることができる。
NO2 -+3H+→1/2N2+H2O+OH- …(2)
NO3 -+5H+→1/2N2+2H2O+OH- …(3)
そこで、処理水をpH調整してベッドに供給することで、従属栄養細菌の活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように被処理水の水質を制御することができる。その結果、従属栄養細菌の活性を維持し、UASB処理を高負荷化で行うことができる。
10,50…反応槽
11…気泡分離スクリーン(気泡分離部材)
13…側面スクリーン
18…pH調整槽
19…ベッド(微生物の堆積層)
181,181a~181c…返送管
Claims (7)
- 被処理水を上昇水流のもとで微生物と接触させて当該被処理水中の窒素化合物を分解する廃水処理装置であって、
前記被処理水を底部から供給して前記微生物と接触させた後に処理水として上部から排出させる反応槽と、
前記反応槽から排出された処理水の一部を、前記微生物の反応活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように調整するpH調整槽と、
前記反応槽内に堆積した前記微生物の堆積層であって、前記被処理水の供給部から前記被処理水の流通方向に離間した箇所に、前記pH調整槽で調整された処理水を注入する経路と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする廃水処理装置。 - 前記pH調整された処理水を注入する経路は、前記pH調整された処理水が前記微生物の堆積層の高さの50%以下の箇所に注入されるように備えられた
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の廃水処理装置。 - 前記pH調整された処理水は、前記被処理水と混合されることなく注入される
ことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の廃水処理装置。 - 前記pH調整された処理水を注入する経路は、前記反応槽の前記被処理水の流通方向に対して複数備えられた
ことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の廃水処理装置。 - 被処理水を上昇水流のもとで微生物と接触させて当該被処理水中の窒素化合物を分解する廃水処理装置であって、
前記被処理水を底部から供給して前記微生物と接触させた後に処理水として上部から排出させる反応槽と、
前記反応槽から排出された処理水の一部を、前記微生物の反応活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように調整するpH調整槽と、
前記反応槽の内部に設けられ、前記微生物と前記被処理水との反応で生じた気泡と前記微生物とを分離するための気泡分離部材と、
前記気泡分離部材の下方であって、前記被処理水の供給部から前記被処理水の流通方向に離間した箇所に、前記pH調整槽でpH調整された処理水を注入する経路と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする廃水処理装置。 - 被処理水と微生物とを接触反応させる反応槽と、
前記反応槽で処理された後の処理水の一部を、前記微生物の反応活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように調整するpH調整槽と、
を備えた廃水処理装置による廃水処理方法であって、
前記被処理水を前記反応槽の底部から供給して、前記被処理水を前記微生物と接触させた後に処理水として前記反応槽の上部から排出させ、
前記pH調整槽で、前記排出された処理水の一部を、前記微生物の反応活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように調整し、
前記反応槽に堆積した前記微生物の堆積層であって、前記被処理水の供給部から前記被処理水の流通方向に離間した箇所に、前記pH調整された処理水を注入する
ことを特徴とする廃水処理方法。 - 被処理水と微生物とを接触反応させる反応槽と、
前記反応槽の内部に設けられ、前記微生物と前記被処理水との反応で生じた気泡と前記微生物とを分離するための気泡分離部材と、
前記反応槽で処理された後の処理水の一部を、前記微生物の反応活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように調整するpH調整槽と、
を備えた廃水処理装置による廃水処理方法であって、
前記被処理水を前記反応槽の底部から供給して、前記被処理水を前記微生物と接触させた後に処理水として前記反応槽の上部から排出させ、
前記pH調整槽で、前記排出された処理水の一部を、前記微生物の反応活性が高くなるpH範囲となるように調整し、
前記気泡分離部材の下方であって、前記被処理水の供給部から前記被処理水の流通方向に離間した箇所に、前記pH調整槽でpH調整された処理水を注入する
ことを特徴とする廃水処理方法。
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US10464832B2 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2019-11-05 | D.C. Water & Sewer Authority | Apparatus for water treatment using a physical separator |
JP5984137B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-09-06 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 水処理装置および水処理方法 |
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JP6493867B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-06 | 2019-04-03 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 嫌気性処理装置、嫌気性処理方法、及び、嫌気性処理装置の表示装置 |
KR102144117B1 (ko) | 2019-08-05 | 2020-08-12 | 주식회사 디에스엔지니어스 | 초기 투자비가 낮으며 높은 용적부하와 정화 효율을 확보할 수 있는 혐기성 미생물을 이용한 반응조 |
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