WO2012086758A1 - 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス照明装置 - Google Patents
有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012086758A1 WO2012086758A1 PCT/JP2011/079815 JP2011079815W WO2012086758A1 WO 2012086758 A1 WO2012086758 A1 WO 2012086758A1 JP 2011079815 W JP2011079815 W JP 2011079815W WO 2012086758 A1 WO2012086758 A1 WO 2012086758A1
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- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- AOZVYCYMTUWJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iridium(3+) pyridine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ir+3].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 AOZVYCYMTUWJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silver Chemical compound [Mg].[Ag] SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]aniline Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(=O)C=CC2=C1 LISFMEBWQUVKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
- H10K50/814—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescence element (also referred to as an organic EL element) using an organic substance as a light emitter, and an organic electroluminescence lighting apparatus (also referred to as an organic EL lighting apparatus) using the same.
- the present invention relates to an organic EL element and an organic EL lighting device that are suppressed in unevenness and excellent in stability.
- the organic EL element is formed by sequentially laminating a translucent electrode layer, an organic layer containing an organic electroluminescent material, and an electrode layer regardless of translucency on a translucent substrate.
- the organic EL lighting device having a structure in which a plurality of organic EL elements are arranged in parallel in a plane is a surface through which light generated in the organic layer of the organic EL element is transmitted through the transparent electrode layer and the transparent substrate and emitted to the outside. Since it is a thin light source, is a thin film, emits light at a low voltage, and responds at a high speed, its utility value is high.
- the light-transmitting electrode layer is an anode formed using a light-transmitting material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, tin oxide, and the light-transmitting property does not matter.
- the electrode layer is a cathode formed of a metal thin film or the like.
- the material used for the translucent electrode layer has a high specific resistance. If the material is a thin electrode layer, the effect of the sheet resistance (surface resistivity) is large, and the wiring resistance component cannot be ignored. As the distance from the power supply terminal increases, luminance unevenness occurs.
- an auxiliary electrode is provided on the translucent electrode layer to suppress a decrease in resistance value that occurs in a portion far from the power supply terminal. Since this auxiliary electrode is light-shielding, it is formed by patterning on a part of the surface of the translucent electrode layer, and the auxiliary electrode is electrically connected to the electrode layer formed of a metal thin film through the organic layer. In order to suppress this, the auxiliary electrode is covered with an insulating film made of a polymer material.
- the auxiliary electrode is made of aluminum or silver, which has a high resistance reducing effect on the translucent electrode layer, vacancies in the atomic structure such as electromigration and stress migration, and defects in the layer structure such as voids occur, resulting in stability. Therefore, it is formed using a material having high stability with respect to driving, such as chromium or molybdenum.
- auxiliary electrodes formed using chromium, molybdenum, etc. are less susceptible to electromigration and stress migration, and have excellent stability and reliability, but the resistance of the translucent electrode layer as the auxiliary electrode is reduced. In some cases, the above effect cannot be sufficiently obtained, and when chromium or the like is used, there is a problem of environmental pollution.
- auxiliary wiring such as In, Pb, Sn, and In-based alloy is provided on a transparent electrode such as ITO, and the luminous efficiency
- An organic EL display device (Patent Document 1) having a thickness of 11 m / W or more, a rhombus-shaped auxiliary electrode provided between a transparent electrode and an organic light emitting layer, and a power supply terminal portion provided on the auxiliary electrode, thereby suppressing a decrease in luminance.
- An EL panel (Patent Document 2) has been reported.
- a plurality of display areas are provided, and one of the first wiring and the second wiring arranged in each display area is provided between the display areas, that is, a light emitting layer including the organic EL.
- An organic EL display device which is stacked on a connection wiring formed of Al or the like having a surface resistance smaller than the surface resistance of these wirings in a region that does not have, and suppresses an increase in the electrical resistance of the wiring due to a long wiring (Patent Document 3) ) And low-resistance metal (second metal layer) such as aluminum neodymium alloy at the intersection of low-resistance metal signal lines such as aluminum neodymium alloy, power supply control lines, and scanning lines. ), A semiconductor device (Patent Document 4) that can prevent thermal hillock generation of an aluminum neodymium alloy with respect to laser beam scanning has also been reported.
- the organic EL element is excellent in stability and reliability and has a sufficiently low resistance with respect to the translucent electrode, and the organic layer emits light with sufficient and uniform brightness over the entire surface, and also causes environmental pollution. There is a request for avoidance.
- the disconnection and short circuit caused by the increase in the thickness of the insulating film formed of the polymer material covering the auxiliary electrode, and the dark spots caused by the moisture and solvent contained in this polymer material in a small amount, The reliability of the organic EL element may be reduced.
- the present inventors have found that the auxiliary electrode formed on a part of the translucent electrode layer has a low specific resistance (or volume resistivity) as compared with the translucent electrode layer.
- Lowering the resistance of the translucent electrode layer by having a low resistance layer made of a resistance material and a coating layer covering the layer, and forming the coating layer from a high melting point material having a higher melting point than the low resistance material
- a high melting point material having a higher melting point than the low resistance material
- the present invention includes a translucent electrode layer provided on a translucent substrate, an electrode layer paired with the translucent electrode layer, and an organic electroluminescent material sandwiched between these electrode layers.
- An organic electroluminescence device comprising: an organic layer, and a light-shielding auxiliary electrode provided on and in contact with a part of the light-transmitting electrode layer; and an insulating film covering the auxiliary electrode.
- a low-resistance layer made of a low-resistance material having a low specific resistance to the translucent electrode layer; and a coating layer made of a high-melting-point material provided on the low-resistance layer and having a higher melting point than the low-resistance material. It has an organic electroluminescent element characterized by having.
- the present invention also relates to an organic electroluminescence lighting device comprising the above organic electroluminescence element.
- the organic EL element and the organic EL lighting device of the present invention suppress the occurrence of defects such as electromigration and stress migration, and are excellent in stability and reliability, and reduce the resistance of the translucent electrode. It is possible to make the amount of light emitted uniform and reduce the environmental load.
- the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention includes a translucent electrode layer provided on a translucent substrate, an electrode layer paired with the translucent electrode layer, and an organic electroluminescent material sandwiched between these electrode layers.
- the auxiliary electrode has a low resistance layer made of a low resistance material having a low specific resistance with respect to the translucent electrode layer, and a coating made of a high melting point material provided on the low resistance layer and having a higher melting point than the low resistance material. And a layer.
- the light-transmitting substrate used for the organic EL element enters light emitted from a light-emitting material contained in an organic layer, which will be described later, from the incident surface through the light-transmitting electrode layer and emits light from the light-emitting surface facing the incident surface. It is preferable that the transmittance of light emitted from the light emitting material is high.
- a material of the translucent substrate for example, quartz glass, soda glass, borosilicate glass, lead glass, and other materials such as aluminosilicate glass, borate glass, phosphate glass, and a resin film may be selected. it can.
- the thickness of the translucent substrate can be set to 0.1 to 2 mm, for example.
- the translucent electrode layer laminated on the translucent substrate is paired with an electrode layer regardless of translucency, which will be described later, and sandwiches the organic layer.
- the transmissivity of light from the organic layer is It is preferable to form with a high material.
- the translucent electrode layer may be an anode or a cathode.
- an anode formed of indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (nesa glass), or the like may be used. it can.
- the thickness of the translucent electrode layer can be, for example, 100 to 300 nm.
- the auxiliary electrode formed in contact with a part of the translucent electrode layer has a low resistance layer made of a low resistance material and a coating layer made of a high melting point material provided on the low resistance layer.
- the low resistance material for forming the low resistance layer may be any material as long as it has a low specific resistance with respect to the translucent electrode layer. Specific examples include one or more selected from aluminum, aluminum neodymium alloy, aluminum nickel alloy, aluminum silver alloy, aluminum cobalt alloy, aluminum germanium alloy, and silver. These metal materials are preferable as a low-resistance material for the auxiliary electrode because they have a low specific resistance with respect to the translucent electrode layer and a low melting point. Of these, aluminum, aluminum neodymium alloy, and silver are more preferable. In the aluminum alloy, the content of various elements contained is preferably 0.05 atomic% or more and 5 atomic% or less with respect to aluminum.
- auxiliary electrode By including these low resistance materials in the auxiliary electrode, it is possible to suppress a voltage drop due to an increase in resistance as the distance from the power supply terminal increases in the translucent electrode layer, and carriers to the organic layer It can suppress that the injection
- the coating layer provided on the low resistance layer is formed of a high melting point material having a higher melting point than the low resistance material forming the low resistance layer.
- a high melting point material any material having a melting point higher than that of the low resistance material may be used, but the specific resistance may be higher than that of the low resistance material forming the low resistance layer, but a lower one is preferable.
- any one or more selected from molybdenum, molybdenum niobium alloy, molybdenum vanadium alloy, molybdenum tungsten alloy, chromium, titanium, and tantalum can be given.
- molybdenum niobium alloy and molybdenum vanadium alloy are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of improving the reliability of the auxiliary electrode because they have high resistance to moisture and corrosion in addition to low resistance and low stress.
- the content of various elements contained is preferably 0.05 atomic percent or more and 10 atomic percent or less with respect to molybdenum.
- the coating layer contains these high melting point materials, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of electromigration, stress migration, voids, corrosion, hillocks and the like in the low resistance layer.
- electromigration is due to electric charges
- stress migration is due to mechanical stress
- vacancies are generated in the atomic structure
- voids and corrosion are caused by chemical reactions
- hillocks are caused by heat, defects generated in the low resistance layer, and deformation It is.
- the auxiliary electrode has a low resistance layer 3a provided in contact with a part of the translucent electrode layer 2 laminated on the translucent substrate 1, and is laminated on the upper surface of the low resistance layer 3a.
- the auxiliary electrode 3 may be a so-called overlay-shaped covering layer 3b.
- the auxiliary electrode is an auxiliary electrode 31 including a low resistance layer 31a and an inlay shape covering the upper surface and side surfaces of the low resistance layer 31a, that is, a coating layer 31b having a cladding structure. There may be.
- the covering layer 31b forming the cladding structure is preferable because it has a high effect of suppressing the migration of the low resistance layer.
- the coating layer can relieve the thin film stress of the low resistance layer, so that the low resistance layer can be made thicker than before.
- the resistance of the auxiliary electrode can be easily reduced, and as a result, the driving voltage of the organic EL element can be reduced.
- the auxiliary electrode in a part of the surface of the translucent electrode layer.
- the auxiliary electrode is provided when the surface of the laminated structure is viewed from above.
- the electrode can have a comb shape, a ladder shape, a lattice shape, a hexagonal mesh shape (honeycomb shape), or the like.
- the width of the auxiliary electrode that is, the width of the auxiliary electrode when the surface of the laminated structure is viewed from above is preferably narrow because the auxiliary electrode forms a light shielding range, but the power supply terminal of the translucent electrode layer It is preferable to select it in relation to its thickness so that a voltage drop can be suppressed in a portion far from the distance.
- the auxiliary electrode include a width of 20 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, a thickness of 300 nm to 600 nm, and a desired volume resistivity such as the interval between one side of the lattice and the inscribed circle diameter of 3 to 10 mm. In addition, adjustment can be made as appropriate with the adjustment of translucency reduced thereby.
- the thickness of the low resistance layer in the laminated portion of the low resistance layer and the coating layer can be, for example, 150 nm to 560 nm, and the thickness of the coating layer is In order to suppress electromigration and the like in the low resistance layer, the low resistance layer having the above thickness can be provided with a thickness on the low resistance layer of 20 nm to 75 nm.
- the resistance of the translucent electrode layer can be 0.1 ⁇ / ⁇ (low resistance layer 500 nm) to 0.4 ⁇ / ⁇ (low resistance layer 150 nm).
- the insulating film covering the auxiliary electrode can be formed using a polymer organic material or an inorganic material.
- the resist used for this can be an insulating film.
- the low-resistance layer and the coating layer are formed simultaneously by one photolithography, or when the coating layer is formed by photolithography after the formation of the low-resistance layer, in the photolithography process, it remains on the coating layer after etching.
- the resist By heating the resist to be heated to a temperature not higher than the melting point of the resist and not lower than the softening point, the resist can be flowed to the side surface of the auxiliary electrode to form an insulating coating.
- the polymer organic material used for the insulating coating include acrylic, polyimide, and novolac.
- the insulating film made of an organic material preferably has a thickness of 800 nm to 1500 nm.
- the inorganic material When the insulating coating is formed of an inorganic material, the inorganic material preferably contains at least one selected from silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and silicon nitride oxide. These inorganic materials are translucent, and the formed film can be a thin film compared to a film formed of an organic material, and shrinkage stress and residual stress can be reduced. The disconnection of the electrode can be suppressed. Since the insulating coating formed of these inorganic materials does not contain water or an organic solvent, the generation of dark spots can be suppressed in the organic EL element.
- Insulating coatings of these inorganic materials can suppress conduction between the auxiliary electrode and the counter electrode (cathode) and suppress disconnection, for example, a width of 40 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m and a thickness of 50 nm to 500 nm. A more preferred thickness is 100 nm to 300 nm.
- the organic layer provided on the translucent electrode layer includes a light emitting layer containing an organic electroluminescent material, a hole transport layer so as to sandwich the light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a hole injection layer sandwiching these layers, an electron injection It may also be composed of a plurality of layers such as a layer, or a carrier block layer that blocks holes and electrons to increase luminous efficiency.
- the hole injection layer lowers the height of the injection barrier for holes injected from the translucent electrode layer, which is the anode, into the organic layer, and relaxes the difference in energy level between the anode and the hole transport layer. In other words, holes are injected so as to be easily injected into the hole transport layer.
- the hole injection layer material for forming the hole injection layer include, for example, copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), arylamine derivatives such as starburst type aromatic amines, and the like, and hole injection organic materials such as vanadium pentoxide and trioxide.
- An inorganic substance such as molybdenum oxide or an organic substance such as F4-TCNQ may be chemically doped to further lower the injection barrier and lower the driving voltage.
- the hole transport layer is made of a hole transport layer material that has an appropriate ionization potential and at the same time has an electron affinity that prevents leakage of electrons from the light emitting layer in order to increase the mobility of holes to the light emitting layer. It is preferable.
- the hole transport layer material for forming the hole transport layer for example, bis (di (p-tolyl) aminophenyl) -1,1-cyclohexane, TPD, N, N′-diphenyl-NN—bis (1 Triphenyldiamines such as -naphthyl) -1,1'-biphenyl) -4,4'-diamine ( ⁇ -NPD), starburst aromatic amines, and the like can be used.
- the light emitting layer is a layer that recombines electrons and holes injected from the electrode to emit fluorescence and phosphorescence.
- Examples of the light emitting material forming the light emitting layer include tris (8-quinolinol) aluminum complex (Alq3), bisdiphenylvinylbiphenyl (BDPVBi), 1,3-bis (pt-butylphenyl-1,3,4).
- the light emitting material a material composed of a binary system of a host and a dopant, in which excited state energy generated by the host molecule moves to the dopant molecule and the dopant molecule emits light can be used.
- the two-component light emitting material the above light emitting material, electron transporting material, or hole transporting material can be used.
- a quinolinol metal complex such as Alq3 as a host
- a quinacridone derivative such as 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran (DCM) or 2,3-quinacridone as a dopant
- DCM 4-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran
- 2,3-quinacridone 2,3-quinacridone
- Bis (2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline) -4-phenylphenol-aluminum complex doped with a coumarin derivative such as 3- (2′-benzothiazole) -7-diethylaminocoumarin
- a dopant doped with condensed polycyclic aromatics such as perylene as a dopant, or 4,4′-bis (m-tolylphenylamino) biphenyl (TPD) as a host hole transport material is doped with a dopant
- CBP 4,4′-biscarbazolylbiphenyl
- CBP 4,4 A carbazole compound such as bis (9-carbazolyl) -2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl (CDBP), a platinum complex of a dopant, a tris- (2-phenylpyridine) iridium complex (Ir (ppy) 3), (bis (4 , 6-Difluorophenyl) -pyridinate-N, C2 ′) picolinate iridium complex (FIr (pic)), (bis (2- (2′-benzo4,5- ⁇ thienyl) pyridinate-N, C2 ′) acetyl An acetonate) iridium complex (Btp2Ir (acac)), Ir (pic) 3, Bt2Ir (acac) or the like doped with an iridium complex can be used.
- a carbazole compound such as bis (9-carbazolyl) -2,2′
- These light emitting materials can be selected according to the target light emission color of the organic EL lighting device.
- the dopant in the case of green light emission, Alq3, the dopant is quinacudrine, coumarin, Ir (ppy) 3, etc.
- the dopant in the case of blue light emission, DPVBi, the dopant is perylene, a distyrylarylene derivative, FIr (pic), etc.
- the dopant in the case of blue-green light emission, OXD-7 or the like
- DCM, DCJTB or the like in the case of red-orange light emission, DCM, DCJTB or the like can be used as a dopant
- in the case of yellow light emission, rubrene, Bt2Ir (acac) or the like can be used.
- the light emitting layer for white light emission a three-layer laminated structure containing light emitting materials emitting red, green, and blue, or a two-layer laminated structure containing light emitting materials emitting complementary colors such as blue and yellow, respectively. Further, by forming these light emitting materials of each color by multi-component co-evaporation or the like, a single layer structure in which these light emitting materials are mixed can be obtained. Furthermore, the light-emitting material constituting each color layer in the three-layer or two-layer stacked structure can be a light-emitting layer in which fine pixels such as red, blue, and green are sequentially arranged in a plane.
- the electron transport layer stacked on the light-emitting layer has an appropriate ionization potential to increase the electron transfer rate to the light-emitting layer, and at the same time has an electron affinity that can prevent holes from leaking from the light-emitting layer. It is preferable to form with a transport layer material.
- Examples of the electron transport layer material for forming the electron transport layer include 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole (Bu-PBD), OXD- It is possible to use organic substances such as oxadiazole derivatives such as 7 and the like, triazole derivatives, quinolinol-based metal complexes, and those obtained by chemically doping these organic materials with an electron-donating substance such as an alkali metal such as lithium.
- organic substances such as oxadiazole derivatives such as 7 and the like, triazole derivatives, quinolinol-based metal complexes, and those obtained by chemically doping these organic materials with an electron-donating substance such as an alkali metal such as lithium.
- a hole blocking layer is provided between the light emitting layer and the electron transport layer. Also good.
- BCP 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
- a triphenyldiamine derivative a triazole derivative, or the like can be used.
- an electron injection layer may be formed on the electron transport layer.
- the electron injection layer has a large energy difference between the work function of a metal material such as aluminum used for forming an electrode layer that is a cathode and the electron affinity (LUMO level) of the electron transport layer. It is provided to alleviate the difficulty in injecting electrons into the transport layer.
- the electron injection layer material for forming the electron injection layer is selected from alkali metals such as lithium and cesium, fluorides and oxides of alkaline earth metals such as calcium, magnesium silver and lithium aluminum alloys, etc. A substance having a small work function can be used.
- the thickness of the organic layer provided between the electrode layers can be, for example, 1 to 500 nm for each layer, for a total of 100 to 1000 nm.
- the electrode layer that forms a pair with the translucent electrode is not required to be translucent.
- the translucent electrode layer is formed of the above translucent electrode material, for example, it can be formed as a light-shielding cathode of a metal thin film such as aluminum or silver, so that the organic layer emits light toward the translucent electrode layer. It is preferable because it can reflect and suppress a decrease in the amount of light emitted from the light emitting surface. If this electrode layer is formed of the translucent electrode material, the resulting organic EL element has translucency.
- the thickness of the electrode layer is preferably thick considering the voltage drop due to the wiring resistance, and can be, for example, 50 to 300 nm. In order to form a connection portion with a wiring member at one end of the electrode layer, it is preferable to extend one end.
- organic EL elements examples include the organic EL elements shown in the side view of FIG. 3 and the top view of FIG.
- This organic EL element includes a translucent electrode layer 2 formed on a translucent substrate 1, a grid-like auxiliary electrode 31 provided on the translucent electrode layer, an insulating film 4 covering the auxiliary electrode, a positive electrode
- the hole injection layer 51, the hole transport layer 52, the light emitting layer 53, the electron transport layer 54, the organic layer 5 having the electron injection layer 55, and an electrode layer 6 formed on the organic layer 5 are formed.
- the auxiliary electrode layer 31 includes a low resistance layer and an inlay-shaped coating layer provided so as to cover the upper surface and side surfaces of the low resistance layer.
- a translucent electrode layer is laminated on the translucent substrate.
- the translucent electrode layer is laminated on a predetermined region of the translucent substrate by a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, a CVD method or the like through a shadow mask, or is uniformly formed on the entire surface by a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, a CVD method, or the like.
- the above-mentioned material is uniformly formed on the light-transmitting electrode layer to a desired thickness by sputtering, vacuum deposition, CVD, or the like, and then the desired electrode is formed by photolithography.
- a method of forming a pattern can be used.
- film formation and photolithography are performed for each of the low-resistance material and the high-melting-point material, and when forming an overlay-shaped auxiliary electrode, after forming the low-resistance material, A high melting point material is stacked thereon to form a film, and then a desired pattern can be formed by one photolithography.
- connection portion 7a for connecting the translucent electrode layer to the connection wiring and the translucent electrode layer paired with the translucent electrode layer are used as the connection wiring. It is preferable to form the connection portion 7b (FIG. 4) for connection in order to reduce the number of manufacturing steps and reduce the resistance of the connection portion.
- Each of the connecting portions 7a and 7b preferably has a width over the entire width of one side of the translucent electrode layer in order to suppress an increase in resistance.
- a photolithography method for a low resistance material film laminated on a translucent electrode layer will be specifically described as a method for forming a low resistance layer.
- a laminated body in which a high melting point material is laminated on a low resistance material film The same operation can be applied to the high melting point material film laminated on the low resistance layer in order to form the inlay-shaped coating layer.
- the resist may be either a negative type in which the solubility in a developer is lowered by exposure, or a positive type in which the solubility in a developer is increased by exposure.
- a binder resin a polyimide type, an acrylic type, a novolac type, etc. It can be prepared by dispersing a photosensitive monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, a coupling agent and the like in a solvent.
- Exposure is performed using a mask that exposes the low-resistance layer when the resist to be used is negative, and a mask that exposes portions other than the low-resistance layer when the resist is positive.
- the light ray used for the exposure may be any active ray that can polymerize the monomer contained in the resist, and ultraviolet rays are preferably used.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- a developer such as TMAH or xylene-based organic solvent can be used for the negative resist.
- the low resistance material film can be etched by either dry etching or wet etching.
- dry etching any method such as plasma etching, chemical etching, reactive ion etching, etc. may be used.
- Fluorine compounds such as F 2 , CF 4 , C 2 F 6 , CHF 3 , SF 6 , carbon tetrachloride, Isotropic dry etching using an etching gas containing oxygen and oxygen, and other examples of indium tin oxide include those using methanol and argon.
- wet etching any method such as shower type, dip type, batch type, etc.
- etching solution containing hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. it can.
- the low resistance material film is formed into a desired pattern by etching to obtain a low resistance layer.
- the insulating film covering the auxiliary electrode is uniformly formed on the translucent electrode layer by a method similar to the method of forming the auxiliary electrode, that is, a sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, a CVD method, or the like.
- a method of forming an insulating coating material such as a silicon compound in a desired thickness and then forming it into a desired pattern by photolithography can be employed.
- the photolithography method used here a method similar to the method applied to the formation of the auxiliary electrode can be used.
- a vacuum evaporation method by resistance heating, an MBE method, a laser using the above materials.
- a method of forming a film in a desired shape through a shadow mask by an ablation method or the like can be applied.
- these materials can be made into a liquid and formed into a desired shape using an ink jet method.
- a photosensitive coating solution can be formed by spin coating or slit coating, and the desired shape can be obtained by photolithography. It can also be formed.
- the electrode layer provided on the organic layer can be formed by a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like.
- the temperature of the vapor deposition source may be 1300 ° C. or higher, so that the film thickness is increased or continuous molding is performed in order to reduce wiring resistance.
- the temperature of the translucent substrate may reach 150 ° C. or higher.
- the vapor-deposited metal locally penetrates from the surface of the organic layer to the inside, which may promote the occurrence of a short circuit.
- the electrode layer when the electrode layer is formed by sputtering using aluminum or the like, the sputtered material particles reach the organic layer with a larger kinetic energy than the vacuum deposition method. In some cases, it may penetrate into and cause a short circuit.
- the cooling temperature of the translucent substrate is preferably 0 to 25 ° C. Thereby, the migration by vapor deposition particle
- the electrode layer is preferably provided so as to extend onto the connection portion 7b with the connection wiring.
- the organic EL lighting device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has an organic EL element produced by the above-described method, and an example is shown in FIG.
- the organic EL lighting device shown in FIG. 5 includes a translucent substrate 1, a translucent electrode layer 2, an auxiliary electrode 3 having a low resistance layer 31a and a covering layer 31b, an insulating coating 4, an organic layer 5, and an electrode layer 6.
- a plurality of organic EL elements 10 are provided, a part of the auxiliary electrode or a connection part (not shown) is extended to the outside, and the sealing member 11 is connected to the translucent substrate via the seal member 12.
- the organic EL element including the organic layer is disposed in the airtight space 14.
- the auxiliary electrode extending outside the hermetic space may be only the low resistance layer.
- FIG. 5 only one organic EL element is shown, and the illustration of the organic EL element parallel to the organic EL element is omitted.
- the airtight space is appropriately filled with nitrogen gas or the like, and the getter material 15 fixed to the sealing member 11 adsorbs oxygen, water, etc. existing in the airtight space, and suppresses oxidation of the organic EL element.
- Wiring members (not shown) are connected to a connection part (not shown) provided by laminating a translucent electrode layer and an auxiliary electrode extending outside the hermetic space and a connection part (not shown) to which the electrode layer is connected. Connect.
- a film such as copper polyimide can be applied as the wiring member.
- Copper polyimide is preferable because it has electrical conductivity, low resistance, and flexibility and can be connected without precise positioning. Furthermore, the other end of the wiring member is connected to a connection terminal of a substrate provided with a lighting circuit, a control circuit for the lighting circuit, and the like, so that external power can be supplied to the translucent electrode layer and the electrode layer.
- An ITO light-transmitting electrode film is laminated on the glass substrate 1 which is a light-transmitting substrate by a vacuum sputtering method, a vacuum evaporation method, etc., and the light-transmitting electrode film is exposed by a photolithography method, and then dry etching or wet.
- the light-transmitting electrode layer 2 is formed by etching into a desired shape. Then, using a low resistance material selected from Al, AlNd alloy, AlNi alloy, AlAg alloy, AlCo alloy, AlGe alloy, Ag, a low resistance material film is formed on the translucent electrode layer by vacuum evaporation, sputtering, CVD.
- a uniform film is formed by a method, etc., and a high melting point material selected from Mo, MoNb alloy, MoV alloy, MoW alloy, Cr, Ti, Ta is used on the film by a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, etc.
- a film is formed on the obtained film.
- a negative resist is applied to a thickness of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m and heated at about 90 ° C. for 90 seconds to form a resist film.
- the resist film is exposed through a mask formed in the pattern of the auxiliary electrode. Exposure is performed using a mixed line of g-line, h-line, and i-line, and an irradiation amount of 50 to 200 mJ / cm 2 .
- auxiliary electrode When forming an inlay-shaped auxiliary electrode, film formation, photolithography, and etching are repeated for each of the low resistance material and the high melting point material.
- a low resistance material film uniformly formed on the translucent electrode layer by the same method as described above is formed into a pattern by photolithography.
- the resist on the low resistance material film is stripped by wet or dry stripping, and the high melting point material film is patterned using the same process as the low resistance material film.
- the auxiliary electrode having an inlay structure is obtained by forming the line width of the high melting point material film so as to be thicker than that of the low resistance material film.
- an insulating film covering the auxiliary electrode is formed by film formation, photolithography, and etching in the same manner as the auxiliary electrode.
- a thin film is sequentially formed by resistance heating vacuum deposition or the like to form a hole injection / transport layer, a light emitting layer, and an electron transport layer.
- an electron injection material such as lithium fluoride is stacked on the electron transport layer by a vacuum deposition method to form an electron injection layer.
- an electrode material such as aluminum, a thin film is laminated by a vacuum deposition method to form an electrode layer.
- an ink for ink jet is prepared using poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) system, polyaniline and PSS system, and an ink jet method is used.
- PEDOT poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
- PSS polystyrene sulfonic acid
- a hole transport layer is formed, and a polyparaphenylene vinylene (PPV) derivative, a polyfluorene (PF) derivative, other polythiophene (PAT), polyparaphenylene (PPP) is used as a light emitting material, and ink jet
- PVP polyparaphenylene vinylene
- PF polyfluorene
- PAT polythiophene
- PPP polyparaphenylene
- the light emitting layer can be formed by an ink jet method.
- the ITO translucent electrode film is patterned by the above method so that the light emitting region becomes 90 ⁇ 90 mm, and an AlNd alloy is formed as a low resistance layer in a lattice shape with a width of 30 ⁇ m, a thickness of 350 nm, and an interval of 4 mm.
- the driving voltage was 6.6 V and the luminance was 3150 cd / m 2 .
- the in-plane luminance unevenness of the organic EL element was measured at 9 points in the surface, and was 5% or less in terms of (difference between maximum luminance and minimum luminance) / maximum luminance.
- Example 1 An organic EL element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the auxiliary electrode was a single layer of AlNd alloy, and was driven at the same current density.
- the driving voltage is 6.7 V
- the luminance is 3020 cd / m 2
- the in-plane luminance unevenness of the organic EL element is measured by measuring the luminance at nine points in the plane, (difference between maximum luminance and minimum luminance) / maximum luminance of 5%. It was the following.
- this organic EL lighting device was continuously turned on under the above conditions, a short circuit occurred in the vicinity of the auxiliary wiring portion within 1000 hours, and the organic EL lighting device was turned off.
- Example 2 An organic EL element was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the low resistance layer, the coating layer, and the insulating film were not provided, and was driven at the same current density.
- the driving voltage is 7.6 V
- the luminance is 2780 cd / m 2
- the in-plane luminance unevenness of the organic EL element is measured by measuring the luminance at nine points in the surface, and the difference between the maximum luminance and the minimum luminance is 35%. Met.
- this organic EL lighting device was continuously turned on under the above conditions, a short circuit occurred within 1000 hours, and the organic EL lighting device was turned off.
- the organic electroluminescence element of the present invention emits light at a low voltage, responds at high speed, has excellent stability, and is useful for a planar lighting device, display device, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
2 透光性電極層
3、31 補助電極
3a、31a 低抵抗層
3b、31b 被覆層
4 絶縁被膜
5 有機層
6 電極層
[実施例1]
ITOの透光性電極膜を、上記方法により発光領域が90×90mmとなるようにパターニングを行い、その上に、低抵抗層としてAlNd合金を幅30μm、厚さ350nm、4mm間隔の格子状のパターンに形成し、被覆層としてMoW合金が低抵抗層を覆うように幅40μm、厚さは低抵抗層上70nm(補助電極全体の厚さとして420nm)となるよう成膜し、インレイ形状の補助電極を形成した。さらに、補助電極を被覆するように絶縁被膜として、酸化ケイ素膜を幅60nm、厚さは補助電極上300nmとなるように形成した。次に、正孔注入材料にCuPc、正孔輸送材料にα-NPD、発光材料としてCBPにIr(ppy)3、Btp2Ir(acac)をドーピング、さらにCBPにFIr(pic)をドーピングし、正孔ブロック層にBCP、電子輸送層にAlq3、電子注入材料にLiF、陰極にAlを用いて有機EL素子を作製した。
補助電極がAlNd合金の単層であること以外は、実施例1と同様に有機EL素子を作製し、同じ電流密度で駆動した。駆動電圧は6.7V、輝度は3020cd/m2、有機EL素子の面内の輝度ムラは、面内9点の輝度を測定し、(最大輝度と最少輝度の差)/最大輝度で5%以下であった。この有機EL照明装置を上記条件で連続点灯させたところ、1000時間以内に補助配線部近傍で短絡が発生し、有機EL照明装置は消灯した。
低抵抗層、被覆層、及び絶縁被膜を設けないこと以外は、実施例1と同様に有機EL素子を作製し、同じ電流密度で駆動した。駆動電圧は7.6V、輝度は2780cd/m2、有機EL素子の面内の輝度ムラは、面内9点の輝度を測定し、(最大輝度と最少輝度の差)/最大輝度で35%であった。この有機EL照明装置を上記条件で連続点灯させたところ、1000時間以内に短絡が発生し、有機EL照明装置は消灯した。
Claims (7)
- 透光性基板上に設けられる透光性電極層と、該透光性電極層と対をなす電極層と、これらの電極層に挟持され、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス物質を含有する有機層とを有し、該透光性電極層上にその一部に接触して設けられる遮光性の補助電極と、該補助電極を被覆する絶縁被膜とを有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子において、該補助電極が、透光性電極層に対する比抵抗が低い低抵抗材料からなる低抵抗層と、該低抵抗層上に設けられ、該低抵抗材料より高融点を有する高融点材料からなる被覆層とを有することを特徴とする有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記低抵抗層がアルミニウム、アルミニウムネオジム合金、アルミニウムニッケル合金、アルミニウム銀合金、アルミニウムコバルト合金、アルミニウムゲルマニウム合金、及び銀から選ばれるいずれか1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記被覆層がモリブデン、モリブデンニオブ合金、モリブデンバナジウム合金、モリブデンタングステン合金、クロム、チタン、及びタンタルから選ばれるいずれか1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記被覆層は、前記低抵抗層の上面及び側面を被覆していることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 前記絶縁被膜が窒化ケイ素、酸化ケイ素、及び窒化酸化ケイ素から選ばれるいずれか1種以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子。
- 請求項1から5のいずれか記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を備えたことを特徴とする有機エレクトロスミネッセンス照明装置。
- 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の接続端子が、前記低抵抗材料からなることを特徴とする請求項6記載の有機エレクトロルミネッセンス照明装置。
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JP2012549872A JP5988380B2 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2011-12-22 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス照明装置 |
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JP2016062766A (ja) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-25 | パイオニア株式会社 | 発光装置 |
JP2016095991A (ja) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-05-26 | パイオニア株式会社 | 発光装置 |
JP2016095990A (ja) * | 2014-11-13 | 2016-05-26 | パイオニア株式会社 | 発光装置 |
JP2018055908A (ja) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-05 | 国立大学法人山形大学 | Oled照明素子及びその製造方法 |
KR20190061739A (ko) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-05 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 장치 |
JP2019102446A (ja) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-24 | エルジー ディスプレイ カンパニー リミテッド | 有機発光装置 |
US10636995B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2020-04-28 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Organic light-emitting device |
KR102450339B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-28 | 2022-10-04 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 장치 |
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US9119272B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
US20130270994A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
EP2658350A4 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
EP2658350A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
EP2658350B1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
JP5988380B2 (ja) | 2016-09-07 |
JPWO2012086758A1 (ja) | 2014-06-05 |
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