WO2012055122A1 - 加热气循环式煤物质分解方法及设备 - Google Patents

加热气循环式煤物质分解方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012055122A1
WO2012055122A1 PCT/CN2010/078981 CN2010078981W WO2012055122A1 WO 2012055122 A1 WO2012055122 A1 WO 2012055122A1 CN 2010078981 W CN2010078981 W CN 2010078981W WO 2012055122 A1 WO2012055122 A1 WO 2012055122A1
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Prior art keywords
coal
gas
decomposition
pipe
decomposing
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PCT/CN2010/078981
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱书成
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西峡龙成特种材料有限公司
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Application filed by 西峡龙成特种材料有限公司 filed Critical 西峡龙成特种材料有限公司
Priority to BR112012019129-2A priority Critical patent/BR112012019129B1/pt
Priority to UAA201301296A priority patent/UA108761C2/uk
Priority to CA2787469A priority patent/CA2787469C/en
Priority to AU2010362961A priority patent/AU2010362961B2/en
Priority to EA201300477A priority patent/EA024446B1/ru
Priority to US13/578,631 priority patent/US9260665B2/en
Priority to EP10858851.8A priority patent/EP2634235A4/en
Priority to KR1020137008698A priority patent/KR20130086040A/ko
Priority to JP2013535240A priority patent/JP5779653B2/ja
Publication of WO2012055122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012055122A1/zh
Priority to ZA2013/00643A priority patent/ZA201300643B/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/10—Rotary retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B37/00—Mechanical treatments of coal charges in the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of coal materials, energy saving and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a heating gas circulation type coal material decomposition method and special equipment.
  • the heating method of the furnace can be divided into external heating type, internal heat type and internal heat external heat mixing type.
  • the heating medium of the external heat furnace is not in direct contact with the raw material, and the heat is introduced from the furnace wall; the heating medium of the internal heat furnace is in direct contact with the raw material, and there are two kinds of solid heat carrier method and gas heat carrier method depending on the heating medium.
  • the invention solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned processes and methods, and proposes a heating gas circulating coal material decomposition device which does not introduce impurities, ensures the purity of the decomposition gas, basically does not require an external heat source, and is self-sufficient.
  • a method for decomposing a heated gas circulating coal material comprising the following steps,
  • coal material When the coal material is heated to the temperature at which the coal material is heated to the decomposition temperature, it is decomposed into high calorific value coal and coal decomposition gas to be decomposed into high calorific value coal and coal decomposition gas;
  • the high calorific value coal will be collected and stored, the coal decomposition gas will be collected, dedusted, separated, and a part of the pressurized liquefaction or purification treatment will be heated to separate the separated inert gas or another part of the coal decomposition gas into the confined space and the undecomposed coal.
  • the substance reacts;
  • the step is to fully contact with the high-temperature coal decomposition gas or the inert gas which is circulated, absorb heat, and raise the temperature to realize the circulation of the coal decomposition gas or the inert gas to heat and decompose the coal material.
  • the utility model relates to a special device for realizing a method for decomposing a heated gas circulating coal material, comprising a sealed kiln body with a feed port and a discharge port, wherein the kiln body is provided with a coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism, and one end of the sealing kiln body is provided with coal Dissolving the gas collecting pipe, and setting a high temperature gas input pipe at the other end, the coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe is connected with the gas post-processing mechanism, and is connected to the high-temperature gas input pipe through a loop pipe, or the loop pipe or / Set the heating mechanism on the high temperature gas input pipe.
  • the heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe, an air supply pipe, and a combustion heating chamber.
  • the fuel supply pipe is in communication with the coal decomposition gas collection pipe through a gas aftertreatment mechanism.
  • the heating mechanism is an electric heating mechanism.
  • the decomposition gas of the present invention acts as a medium for heat transfer
  • the coal decomposition gas generated in the high temperature kiln body or inertly passes through the heating pipe and then enters the kiln body again, and the high temperature gas directly contacts the pulverized coal powder, and the coal powder can fully absorb heat. And rapidly heat up and decompose, and the kiln body is decomposed into more coal decomposition gas and coal with higher calorific value.
  • a large part of the coal decomposition gas is collected, dedusted, separated, pressurized and liquefied by gas post-treatment mechanism, and heat
  • the higher value coal flows out of the coal outlet, and a small part of the coal decomposition gas or the separated inert gas passes through the heating, and then enters the kiln again, and reacts with the undecomposed or newly added coal material to complete the decomposition gas. Heating the circulation of coal material.
  • the use of a gas medium that decomposes gas in contact with coal does not introduce any new gas, which fundamentally guarantees the purity of the final product.
  • the fuel in the fuel supply pipe that heats the decomposition gas can also use a small portion of the treated coal decomposition gas, which eliminates the need to add a new heat source to the system and ensure its self-sufficiency.
  • the invention decomposes and separates the pulverized coal quickly and efficiently, fully saves and utilizes the energy, greatly improves the utilization rate and utilization level of the coal resources, and brings a large amount of economic and social benefits to the whole society.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a clean metal ingot mold including the ingot mold body 1 and the heat preservation provided on the ingot mold body 2
  • a ridge 3 connected to the bottom template is disposed on the ingot mold template.
  • One of the base ridges is disposed on a center line of the bottom template, and a water cooling mechanism 5 is disposed in the ridge 3 at the ridge 3 Circulating water for cooling.
  • the ingot mold body is a water-cooled ingot mold.
  • the high calorific value coal will be collected and stored, the coal decomposition gas will be collected, dedusted, separated, and a part of the pressurized liquefaction or purification treatment will be heated to separate the separated inert gas or another part of the coal decomposition gas into the confined space and the undecomposed coal.
  • the substance reacts;
  • the step is to fully contact with the high-temperature coal decomposition gas or the inert gas which is circulated, absorb heat, and raise the temperature to realize the circulation of the coal decomposition gas or the inert gas to heat and decompose the coal material.
  • the sealed kiln body 1 is a rotary kiln in which a coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism 4 is disposed, and the coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism 4 may be a lifting plate, a spiral or other lateral manner, and the sealing kiln body
  • One end of 1 is provided with a coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe 5, and the other end is provided with a high temperature gas input pipe 6, which is connected with a gas post-processing mechanism 7, and a post-processing mechanism 7
  • It may be a gas generating device, or may be a dust removing, decontaminating, desulfurizing, pressurized liquefaction device, and communicated with the high temperature gas input pipe 6 through a loopback pipe 8 or / and a high temperature gas input pipe 6
  • a heating mechanism is provided on the upper side.
  • the heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 9, an air supply pipe 10, and a combustion heating chamber.
  • the most reliable heating method and large-volume combustion heating chamber ensure the efficiency of heat conduction. Other heating forms, such as electric heating, etc., are also possible.
  • the gas to be passed is coal decomposition gas, and the coal decomposition gas is in the aftertreatment mechanism. After internal treatment, a large part of the industrial storage, another part under the action of the loopback fan, heat exchange with the heating mechanism again, and enters the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material to realize the decomposition of coal by the coal decomposition gas. cycle.
  • the heat from the high temperature coal obtained by the decomposition can be used to preheat the material.
  • a method for decomposing a heated gas circulating coal material comprising the following steps,
  • a clean metal ingot mold including the ingot mold body 1 and the heat preservation provided on the ingot mold body 2
  • a ridge 3 connected to the bottom template is disposed on the ingot mold template.
  • One of the base ridges is disposed on a center line of the bottom template, and a water cooling mechanism 5 is disposed in the ridge 3 at the ridge 3 Circulating water for cooling.
  • the ingot mold body is a water-cooled ingot mold.
  • the high calorific value coal will be collected and stored, the coal decomposition gas will be collected, dedusted, separated, and a part of the pressurized liquefaction or purification treatment will be heated to separate the separated inert gas or another part of the coal decomposition gas into the confined space and the undecomposed coal.
  • the substance reacts;
  • the step is to fully contact with the high-temperature coal decomposition gas or the inert gas which is circulated, absorb heat, and raise the temperature to realize the circulation of the coal decomposition gas or the inert gas to heat and decompose the coal material.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the sealed kiln body 1 is a rotary kiln in which a coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism 4 is disposed, and the coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism 4 may be a lifting plate, a spiral or other lateral manner, and the sealing kiln body
  • One end of 1 is provided with a coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe 5, and the other end is provided with a high temperature gas input pipe 6, which is connected with a gas post-processing mechanism 7, and a post-processing mechanism 7
  • It may be a gas generating device, or may be a dust removing, decontaminating, desulfurizing, pressurized liquefaction device, and communicated with the high temperature gas input pipe 6 through a loopback pipe 8 or / and a high temperature gas input pipe 6
  • a heating mechanism is provided on the upper side.
  • the heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 9, an air supply pipe 10, and a combustion heating chamber.
  • the most reliable heating method and large-volume combustion heating chamber ensure the efficiency of heat conduction. Other heating forms, such as electric heating, etc., are also possible.
  • the gas to be passed is coal decomposition gas, and the coal decomposition gas is in the aftertreatment mechanism. After internal treatment, a large part of the industrial storage, another part under the action of the loopback fan, heat exchange with the heating mechanism again, and enters the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material to realize the decomposition of coal by the coal decomposition gas. cycle.
  • the heat from the high temperature coal obtained by the decomposition can be used to preheat the material.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the sealed kiln body 1 is a rotary kiln in which a coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism 4 is disposed, and the coal material propelling and decomposing mechanism 4 may be a lifting plate, a spiral or other lateral manner, and the sealing kiln body
  • One end of 1 is provided with a coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe 5, and the other end is provided with a high temperature gas input pipe 6, which is connected with a gas post-processing mechanism 7, and a post-processing mechanism 7
  • It may be a gas generating device, or may be a dust removing, decontaminating, desulfurizing, pressurized liquefaction device, and communicated with the high temperature gas input pipe 6 through a loopback pipe 8 or / and a high temperature gas input pipe 6
  • a heating mechanism is provided on the upper side.
  • the heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 9, an air supply pipe 10, and a combustion heating chamber.
  • the most reliable heating method and large-volume combustion heating chamber ensure the efficiency of heat conduction. Other heating forms, such as electric heating, etc., are also possible.
  • the gas to be passed is coal decomposition gas, and the coal decomposition gas is in the aftertreatment mechanism. After internal treatment, a large part of the industrial storage, another part under the action of the loopback fan, heat exchange with the heating mechanism again, and enters the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material to realize the decomposition of coal by the coal decomposition gas. cycle.
  • Fuel supply pipe 9 Pass gas aftertreatment mechanism 7 and coal gas decomposition gas collection pipe 5 In connection with the fuel in the fuel supply pipe that heats the decomposition gas, a small portion of the treated coal decomposition gas can also be used, which eliminates the need to add a new heat source to the system and ensure its self-sufficiency.
  • the heat from the high temperature coal obtained by the decomposition can be used to preheat the material.
  • a special equipment for realizing the method of decomposing the heated gas circulating coal material including a feed port 2 and a discharge port 3
  • the sealed kiln body 1 , the kiln body 1 is a shaft kiln in which the coal material propulsion decomposition mechanism 4 is disposed, and the coal material propulsion decomposition mechanism 4 It may be a large vertical spiral, a grid vibrating downflow plate or other vertical propulsion mode.
  • the sealed kiln body 1 is provided with a coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe 5 at one end and a high temperature gas input pipe 6 at the other end, and the coal gas decomposition gas is collected.
  • the post-treatment mechanism 7 may be a gas-making device, or may be a dust removal, impurity removal, desulfurization, pressure liquefaction device, and communicated with the high-temperature gas input pipe 6 through a loopback pipe 8, the loopback pipe Set the heating mechanism on the 8 or / and high temperature gas inlet pipe 6.
  • the heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 9, an air supply pipe 10, and a combustion heating chamber. The most reliable heating method and large-volume combustion heating chamber ensure the efficiency of heat conduction. Other heating forms, such as electric heating, etc., are also possible.
  • the gas to be passed is an inert gas
  • the coal material is in full contact with the inert gas in the closed space, absorbs heat and heats up; the coal material heats up to 30 0 ⁇ 900 ° C
  • Decomposed into high calorific value coal and coal decomposition gas will generate high calorific value coal collection and storage, coal decomposition gas collection, dust removal, separation, a part of pressurized liquefaction or purification treatment, the post-processing mechanism 7
  • the separated inert gas is heated and then enters the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material; the undecomposed or newly fed coal material is re-entered into a
  • the step is to fully contact the inert gas with the circulation, absorb heat, and raise the temperature to realize the circulation of the inert gas to decompose and decompose the coal material.
  • Coal decomposition gas in the aftertreatment mechanism 7 After internal treatment, a large part of the industrial storage, another part under the action of the loopback fan, heat exchange with the heating mechanism again, and enters into the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material to realize the circulation of the inert gas heating and decomposing the coal material. .
  • Fuel supply pipe 9 Pass gas aftertreatment mechanism 7 and coal gas decomposition gas collection pipe 5 In connection with the fuel in the fuel supply pipe that heats the decomposition gas, a small portion of the treated coal decomposition gas can also be used, which eliminates the need to add a new heat source to the system and ensure its self-sufficiency. The heat from the high temperature coal obtained by the decomposition can be used to preheat the material.
  • a special equipment for realizing the method of decomposing the heated gas circulating coal material including a feed port 2 and a discharge port 3
  • the sealed kiln body 1 , the kiln body 1 is a shaft kiln in which the coal material propulsion decomposition mechanism 4 is disposed, and the coal material propulsion decomposition mechanism 4 It may be a large vertical spiral, a grid vibrating downflow plate or other vertical propulsion mode.
  • the sealed kiln body 1 is provided with a coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe 5 at one end and a high temperature gas input pipe 6 at the other end, and the coal gas decomposition gas is collected.
  • the post-treatment mechanism 7 may be a gas-making device, or may be a dust removal, impurity removal, desulfurization, pressure liquefaction device, and communicated with the high-temperature gas input pipe 6 through a loopback pipe 8, the loopback pipe Set the heating mechanism on the 8 or / and high temperature gas inlet pipe 6.
  • the heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 9, an air supply pipe 10, and a combustion heating chamber. The most reliable heating method and large-volume combustion heating chamber ensure the efficiency of heat conduction. Other heating forms, such as electric heating, etc., are also possible.
  • the gas to be passed is coal decomposition gas, and the coal material is in full contact with the coal decomposition gas in the confined space, absorbs heat and heats up; the coal material heats up to 30 0 ⁇ 900 ° C Decomposed into high calorific value coal and coal decomposition gas; will generate high calorific value coal collection and storage, coal decomposition gas collection, dust removal, separation, a part of pressurized liquefaction or purification treatment, the post-processing mechanism 7
  • the separated coal decomposition gas is heated and then enters the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material; the undecomposed or newly fed coal material is re-entered into a In the step, the coal decomposition gas entering the cycle is fully contacted, absorbed, and heated to achieve thermal decomposition of the coal material.
  • Coal decomposition gas in the aftertreatment mechanism 7 After internal treatment, a large part of the industrial storage, and another part under the action of the loopback fan, heat exchange with the heating mechanism again, and enters into the confined space to react with the undecomposed coal material to realize the thermal decomposition of the coal decomposition gas or inert gas.
  • Fuel supply pipe 9 Pass gas aftertreatment mechanism 7 and coal gas decomposition gas collection pipe 5
  • a small portion of the treated coal decomposition gas can also be used, which eliminates the need to add a new heat source to the system and ensure its self-sufficiency.
  • the heat from the high temperature coal obtained by the decomposition can be used to preheat the material.
  • the inertness of the inert gas mainly refers to a gas medium which is less likely to chemically react with oxygen or coal decomposition gas, and may be helium gas or argon gas in an inert gas, carbon dioxide gas, anaerobic gas or oxygen-free gas.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be manufactured or used in the industry, which has industrial applicability.

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  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
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Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　加热气循环式煤物质分解方法及设备 技术领域
本发明属于煤物质综合利用、节能减排技术领域，具体涉及一种加热气循环式煤物质分解方法及专用设备。
背景技术
在公知技术中，有利用煤制煤气的，有利用煤制天然气的，还有利用煤进行高温、中温、低温炼焦、制气的，但上述工艺方法不是将煤粉团成块的，就是要筛选块料，原料成本增加，或所产气热值不高，附加值不大，经济效益和社会效益不显著。炉的加热方式可分为外热式、内热式及内热外热混合式。外热式炉的加热介质与原料不直接接触，热量由炉壁传入；内热式炉的加热介质与原料直接接触，因加热介质的不同而有固体热载体法和气体热载体法两种。
技术问题
为了得到较纯净的煤物质分解气，我们将加热热源部分以焰气管道的形式伸出煤物质分解推进通道，来达到煤分解气较为纯净的目的。但是在实际生产的过程中，一方面各个密排的加热管道制作工艺非常复杂，密封形式可能存在漏气、互窜现象，进而存在一定的安全隐患， 特别是焰气加热管道的焰气汇聚管和煤分解气收集管之间的双重旋转高温密封问题，也一直困扰分解设备的快速发展。另外容易发生问题的燃烧器部分设置在窑体内部，不利于检测、检修和及时掌握燃烧动态，提高了安全盲点数量。
技术解决方案
本发明为解决上述工艺及方法中存在的问题，提出了一种不引入杂质、保证分解气纯净、基本不须外部热源、自给自足的加热气循环式煤物质分解设备。
一种加热气循环式煤物质分解方法，包括以下步骤，
a、 让煤物质在密闭空间内与高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温；
b、煤物质升温到煤物质升温到分解温度时，分解为高热值煤和煤分解气分解为高热值煤和煤分解气；
c、 将产生高热值煤收集贮存，将煤分解气收集、除尘、分离，一部分加压液化或提纯处理，将分离出的惰性气体或另一部分煤分解气加热后再进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应；
d、让未分解或新进料的煤物质再进入 a 步骤，与循环进入的高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温，实现煤分解气或惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。
一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口、出料口的密封窑体，所述窑体内设置煤物质推进分解机构，所述密封窑体的一端设置煤分解气收集管，另一端设置高温气体输入管，所述煤分解气收集管与气体后处理机构连接，并通过回环管与高温气体输入管连通，所述回环管或 / 和高温气体输入管上设置加热机构。
所述加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管和燃烧加热室。
所述燃料供应管通过气体后处理机构与煤分解气收集管连通。
所述加热机构为电加热机构。
有益效果
由于本发明分解气作为热量传输的介质，将在高温窑体内产生的煤分解气或者惰性通过加热管道后再次进入窑体，高温气体与翻动的煤粉直接充分接触，煤粉能充分地吸收热量，并快速升温分解，并在窑体分解成更多的煤分解气和热值较高的煤，煤分解气中的一大部分通过气体后处理机构收集、除尘、分离、加压液化，热值较高的煤从出煤口流出，一小部分煤分解气或者经过分离的惰性气体通过加热后，再次进入窑体，与未分解的或新加入的煤物质进行新的反应，完成分解气加热煤物质的循环。 最为重要的是，利用分解气这一种气体介质与煤接触反应，不引入新的任何气体，从根本上保证了最终产品的纯净。而使用惰性气体作为热传导介质，尽管多了一道惰性气体分离程序，但是安全性大大提高。将分解气进行加热的燃料供应管内的燃料也可以使用一小部分处理后的煤分解气，这就不再为该系统添加新的热源，保证其自给自足。本发明将粉煤快速高效地分解分离，充分节约和利用了能源，大大地提高了煤资源的利用率和利用水平，将为整个社会带来了大量的经济效益和社会效益。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例作进一步详细的说明。
图 1 是本发明的实施例一的结构示意图。
图 2 是本发明的实施例二的结构示意图。
图 3 是本发明的实施例三的结构示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
如图 1 所示：一种洁净金属锭模，包括锭模本体 1 和设置在锭模本体 1 上的保温冒 2 ，所述锭模底模板上设置一条与底模板连接的凸脊 3 。所述其中一条基础凸脊设置在底模板的中线上，所述凸脊 3 内设置水冷机构 5 ，在凸脊 3 通循环水，用于降温。所述锭模本体为水冷锭模。
a. 让煤物质在密闭空间内与高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温；
b. 煤物质升温到分解温度时，分解为高热值煤和煤分解气；
c. 将产生高热值煤收集贮存，将煤分解气收集、除尘、分离，一部分加压液化或提纯处理，将分离出的惰性气体或另一部分煤分解气加热后再进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应；
d. 让未分解或新进料的煤物质再进入 a 步骤，与循环进入的高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温，实现煤分解气或惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。
如图 1 所示：一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口 2 、出料口 3 的密封窑体 1 ，窑体 1 是回转窑，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解机构 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解机构 4 可以是扬板、螺旋或其他横向方式，所述密封窑体 1 的一端设置煤分解气收集管 5 ，另一端设置高温气体输入管 6 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与气体后处理机构 7 连接，后处理机构 7 可以是制煤气装置，也可以是除尘、除杂、脱硫、加压液化装置，并通过回环管 8 与高温气体输入管 6 连通，所述回环管 8 或 / 和高温气体输入管 6 上设置加热机构。所述加热机构包括燃料供应管 9 、空气供应管 10 和燃烧加热室 11 ，最可靠的加热方式与大体积的燃烧加热室保证了热传导的效率。也可以是其他加热形式，如电加热等。所通气体为煤分解气，煤分解气在后处理机构 7 内处理后，一大部分工业储存，另一部分在回环管风机作用下，再次与加热机构进行热交换，并进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应，实现煤分解气加热分解煤物质的循环。分解得到的高温的煤所带的热量可以用于预热物料。
本发明的实施方式
一种加热气循环式煤物质分解方法，包括以下步骤，
如图 1 所示：一种洁净金属锭模，包括锭模本体 1 和设置在锭模本体 1 上的保温冒 2 ，所述锭模底模板上设置一条与底模板连接的凸脊 3 。所述其中一条基础凸脊设置在底模板的中线上，所述凸脊 3 内设置水冷机构 5 ，在凸脊 3 通循环水，用于降温。所述锭模本体为水冷锭模。
a. 让煤物质在密闭空间内与高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温；
b. 煤物质升温到分解温度时，分解为高热值煤和煤分解气；
c. 将产生高热值煤收集贮存，将煤分解气收集、除尘、分离，一部分加压液化或提纯处理，将分离出的惰性气体或另一部分煤分解气加热后再进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应；
d. 让未分解或新进料的煤物质再进入 a 步骤，与循环进入的高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温，实现煤分解气或惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。
实施例一：
如图 1 所示：一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口 2 、出料口 3 的密封窑体 1 ，窑体 1 是回转窑，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解机构 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解机构 4 可以是扬板、螺旋或其他横向方式，所述密封窑体 1 的一端设置煤分解气收集管 5 ，另一端设置高温气体输入管 6 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与气体后处理机构 7 连接，后处理机构 7 可以是制煤气装置，也可以是除尘、除杂、脱硫、加压液化装置，并通过回环管 8 与高温气体输入管 6 连通，所述回环管 8 或 / 和高温气体输入管 6 上设置加热机构。所述加热机构包括燃料供应管 9 、空气供应管 10 和燃烧加热室 11 ，最可靠的加热方式与大体积的燃烧加热室保证了热传导的效率。也可以是其他加热形式，如电加热等。所通气体为煤分解气，煤分解气在后处理机构 7 内处理后，一大部分工业储存，另一部分在回环管风机作用下，再次与加热机构进行热交换，并进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应，实现煤分解气加热分解煤物质的循环。分解得到的高温的煤所带的热量可以用于预热物料。
实施例二：
如图 2 所示：一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口 2 、出料口 3 的密封窑体 1 ，窑体 1 是回转窑，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解机构 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解机构 4 可以是扬板、螺旋或其他横向方式，所述密封窑体 1 的一端设置煤分解气收集管 5 ，另一端设置高温气体输入管 6 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与气体后处理机构 7 连接，后处理机构 7 可以是制煤气装置，也可以是除尘、除杂、脱硫、加压液化装置，并通过回环管 8 与高温气体输入管 6 连通，所述回环管 8 或 / 和高温气体输入管 6 上设置加热机构。所述加热机构包括燃料供应管 9 、空气供应管 10 和燃烧加热室 11 ，最可靠的加热方式与大体积的燃烧加热室保证了热传导的效率。也可以是其他加热形式，如电加热等。所通气体为煤分解气，煤分解气在后处理机构 7 内处理后，一大部分工业储存，另一部分在回环管风机作用下，再次与加热机构进行热交换，并进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应，实现煤分解气加热分解煤物质的循环。所述燃料供应管 9 通过气体后处理机构 7 与煤分解气收集管 5 连通，将分解气进行加热的燃料供应管内的燃料也可以使用一小部分处理后的煤分解气，这就不再为该系统添加新的热源，保证其自给自足。分解得到的高温的煤所带的热量可以用于预热物料。
实施例三
如图 3 所示：一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口 2 、出料口 3 的密封窑体 1 ，窑体 1 是竖窑，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解机构 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解机构 4 可以是大型竖向螺旋、网格振动下流板或其他竖向推进方式，所述密封窑体 1 的一端设置煤分解气收集管 5 ，另一端设置高温气体输入管 6 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与气体后处理机构 7 连接，后处理机构 7 可以是制煤气装置，也可以是除尘、除杂、脱硫、加压液化装置，并通过回环管 8 与高温气体输入管 6 连通，所述回环管 8 或 / 和高温气体输入管 6 上设置加热机构。所述加热机构包括燃料供应管 9 、空气供应管 10 和燃烧加热室 11 ，最可靠的加热方式与大体积的燃烧加热室保证了热传导的效率。也可以是其他加热形式，如电加热等。所通气体为惰性气体，煤物质在密闭空间内与惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温；煤物质升温到 30 0 ～900℃时 分解为高热值煤和煤分解气；将产生高热值煤收集贮存，将煤分解气收集、除尘、分离，一部分加压液化或提纯处理，将后处理机构 7 分离出的惰性气体加热后再进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应；让未分解或新进料的煤物质再进入 a 步骤，与循环进入惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温，实现惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。煤分解气在后处理机构 7 内处理后，一大部分工业储存，另一部分在回环管风机作用下，再次与加热机构进行热交换，并进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应，实现惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。所述燃料供应管 9 通过气体后处理机构 7 与煤分解气收集管 5 连通，将分解气进行加热的燃料供应管内的燃料也可以使用一小部分处理后的煤分解气，这就不再为该系统添加新的热源，保证其自给自足。分解得到的高温的煤所带的热量可以用于预热物料。
实施例四
如图 3 所示：一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口 2 、出料口 3 的密封窑体 1 ，窑体 1 是竖窑，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解机构 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解机构 4 可以是大型竖向螺旋、网格振动下流板或其他竖向推进方式，所述密封窑体 1 的一端设置煤分解气收集管 5 ，另一端设置高温气体输入管 6 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与气体后处理机构 7 连接，后处理机构 7 可以是制煤气装置，也可以是除尘、除杂、脱硫、加压液化装置，并通过回环管 8 与高温气体输入管 6 连通，所述回环管 8 或 / 和高温气体输入管 6 上设置加热机构。所述加热机构包括燃料供应管 9 、空气供应管 10 和燃烧加热室 11 ，最可靠的加热方式与大体积的燃烧加热室保证了热传导的效率。也可以是其他加热形式，如电加热等。所通气体为煤分解气，煤物质在密闭空间内与煤分解气充分接触、吸热、升温；煤物质升温到 30 0 ～900℃时 分解为高热值煤和煤分解气；将产生高热值煤收集贮存，将煤分解气收集、除尘、分离，一部分加压液化或提纯处理，将后处理机构 7 分离出的煤分解气加热后再进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应；让未分解或新进料的煤物质再进入 a 步骤，与循环进入的煤分解气充分接触、吸热、升温，实现热分解煤物质的循环。煤分解气在后处理机构 7 内处理后，一大部分工业储存，另一部分在回环管风机作用下，再次与加热机构进行热交换，并进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应，实现煤分解气或惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。所述燃料供应管 9 通过气体后处理机构 7 与煤分解气收集管 5 连通，将分解气进行加热的燃料供应管内的燃料也可以使用一小部分处理后的煤分解气，这就不再为该系统添加新的热源，保证其自给自足。分解得到的高温的煤所带的热量可以用于预热物料。
上述惰性气体的惰性主要指与氧气或者煤分解气不易发生化学反应的气体介质，可以是惰性气体内的氦气、氩气，也可以是二氧化碳气体，厌氧气体、少氧气体。
工业实用性
本发明的技术方案可以在工业中制造或使用，其具有工业实用性。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种加热气循环式煤物质分解方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤，
    a、 让煤物质在密闭空间内与高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温；
    b、煤物质升温到煤物质升温到分解温度时，分解为高热值煤和煤分解气分解为高热值煤和煤分解气；
    c、 将产生高热值煤收集贮存，将煤分解气收集、除尘、分离，一部分加压液化或提纯处理，将分离出的惰性气体或另一部分煤分解气加热后再进入密闭空间内与未分解的煤物质进行反应；
    d、让未分解或新进料的煤物质再进入 a 步骤，与循环进入的高温煤分解气或惰性气体充分接触、吸热、升温，实现煤分解气或惰性气体加热分解煤物质的循环。
  2. 一种实现加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，包括一个带进料口、出料口的密封窑体，所述窑体内设置煤物质推进分解机构，所述密封窑体的一端设置煤分解气收集管，另一端设置高温气体输入管，所述煤分解气收集管与气体后处理机构连接，并通过回环管与高温气体输入管连通，所述回环管或 / 和高温气体输入管上设置加热机构。
  3. 如权利要求 2 所述的加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，其特征在于：所述加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管和燃烧室。
  4. 如权利要求 2 或 3 所述的加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，其特征在于：所述燃料供应管通过气体后处理机构与煤分解气收集管连通。
  5. 如权利要求 2 或 3 所述的加热气循环式煤物质分解方法的专用设备，其特征在于：所述加热机构为电加热机构。
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