WO2012055124A1 - 煤物质分解设备 - Google Patents

煤物质分解设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012055124A1
WO2012055124A1 PCT/CN2010/078987 CN2010078987W WO2012055124A1 WO 2012055124 A1 WO2012055124 A1 WO 2012055124A1 CN 2010078987 W CN2010078987 W CN 2010078987W WO 2012055124 A1 WO2012055124 A1 WO 2012055124A1
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Prior art keywords
pipe
coal
decomposition
coal material
disposed
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PCT/CN2010/078987
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱书成
王希彬
曹国超
Original Assignee
Zhu Shucheng
Wang Xibin
Cao Guochao
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Application filed by Zhu Shucheng, Wang Xibin, Cao Guochao filed Critical Zhu Shucheng
Publication of WO2012055124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012055124A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of coal materials, energy saving and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a device for decomposing coal material in a pipe.
  • the heating method of the furnace can be divided into external heating type, internal heat type and internal heat external heat mixing type.
  • the heating medium of the external heat furnace is not in direct contact with the raw material, and the heat is introduced from the furnace wall; the heating medium of the internal heat furnace is in direct contact with the raw material, and there are two kinds of solid heat carrier method and gas heat carrier method depending on the heating medium.
  • a shaft kiln structure which burns flue gas and flammable gas generated by coal, so that the purity of the combustible gas is low, the added value is low, and some are discharged, resulting in A lot of waste of resources and environmental pollution.
  • Another type of shaft kiln is a coal block placed on a perforated partition. There is a heater above the coal block. Because the coal block on the partition has a certain thickness, it cannot be uniformly heated and decomposed, and the decomposed gas is needed.
  • a coal material decomposition device comprising a closed kiln body having a feed port and a discharge port, wherein the kiln body is provided with a flame gas pipe heating mechanism, and the coal formed between the flame gas pipe heating mechanism and the inner wall of the kiln The material advances the decomposition passage, and the coal kiln body is provided with a coal decomposition gas collection pipe that communicates with the coal material propulsion decomposition passage.
  • the rotary kiln body limits the output of the product, and the effect of internally heating the pipes to heat the coal powder outside the pipeline is not ideal, and cannot meet the production needs of rapid decomposition and separation.
  • the heating mechanism is arranged inside the kiln body, which increases the difficulty of installation and maintenance, and is also disadvantageous for safe production.
  • the invention solves the problems in the above-mentioned processes and methods, and proposes a pipe-propelled coal material decomposition device which can separate coal powder material more quickly, is safer, saves energy and reduces emissions, thereby improving economic and social benefits. .
  • An in-pipe propelled coal material decomposition device comprises a sealed kiln body, wherein a coal material propulsion decomposition pipeline is arranged in the kiln body, and the coal material propulsion decomposition pipeline is arranged into a coal inlet, a coal outlet and a decomposition gas collection pipe, and is arranged
  • the rotary power mechanism outside the kiln is connected, and the coal material is pushed and formed between the decomposition pipeline and the inner wall of the kiln.
  • the heat exchange chamber is connected to the high temperature gas heating mechanism through an intake pipe, and the heat exchange chamber is disposed away from the side of the high temperature gas heating mechanism to provide a heated air outlet.
  • the high temperature gas heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe, an air supply pipe, and a combustion chamber.
  • the coal material propulsion decomposition pipeline is composed of a plurality of parallel close-packed pipelines, and one end of the plurality of parallel close-packed pipelines is provided with a feeding cabinet, the feeding cabinet is connected with the coal inlet, and the other end is provided with a discharging cabinet.
  • the discharge cabinet is connected to the coal outlet.
  • the coal material propulsion decomposition pipeline includes a pipeline and an auger disposed inside the pipeline, and the auger is connected to the rotary power mechanism through a gear extending outside the kiln.
  • the heated gas outlet is in communication with the intake pipe through a return pipe, and the return pipe is disposed in the combustion chamber.
  • a gas circulation fan is disposed in the return pipe.
  • the present invention will provide a coal material propelling decomposition pipeline in a high temperature kiln, a large amount of hot air in the high temperature kiln surrounds the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline and conducts and radiates it to the coal powder in the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline, and the coal powder is fully absorbed.
  • the pulverized coal is decomposed by heat and decomposed into coal, coke oil and gas with high calorific value in the coal material propulsion separation pipeline.
  • the kiln body of the invention no longer rotates, and is no longer limited by the diameter of the kiln body and the difficulty of rotation.
  • the low-speed rotation of the coal material propulsion decomposition pipeline realizes the advancement of the coal material in the pipeline, improves the feeding amount and the discharging rate, and the bottom heating And the top heat-generating structure makes the heat generation more in line with the fuel combustion law, and the heating effect is more ideal.
  • the hot air heating mechanism is arranged outside the kiln body to achieve controllable operation of the dangerous part, improve the safety performance of the equipment, and is easy to be repaired and maintained.
  • the production and assembly process is simplified compared with the prior art, and the reliability is And stability is further enhanced.
  • the gas that heats the coal material is heated in the form of a gas to heat the coal in the kiln.
  • the heat energy is further fully utilized, the heat utilization rate is improved, the heat loss is reduced, and the exhaust gas emission is also reduced.
  • the device disclosed by the invention decomposes and separates the pulverized coal quickly and efficiently, fully saves and utilizes the energy, greatly improves the utilization rate and utilization level of the coal resources, and brings a large number of economic and social benefits to the whole society.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • a pipe-propelled coal material decomposition equipment comprising a sealed kiln body 1 , the kiln body 1
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline is disposed 4
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline 4 is provided with a coal inlet 2, a coal outlet 3 and a decomposition gas collecting pipe 10, and a rotary power mechanism disposed outside the kiln body 7
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipe 4 forms a heat exchange chamber 5 with the inner wall of the kiln body 1, and the heat exchange chamber 5 is connected to the high temperature gas heating mechanism through the intake pipe 16, the heat exchange chamber 5 Set the heating air outlet 15 away from the side of the high temperature gas heating mechanism.
  • the high temperature gas heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 13, an air supply pipe 14, and a combustion chamber 11.
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline 4 The utility model is composed of a plurality of parallel close-packed pipes, one end of which is provided with a feeding cabinet 6, the feeding cabinet 6 is connected with the coal inlet 2, and the other end is provided with a discharging cabinet 17, the out Cabinet 17 and coal outlet 3 connected.
  • An auger 9 is disposed in the coal material propulsion decomposition pipe 4, and the auger 9 passes through a gear 8 extending from the kiln body 1 and a rotary power mechanism 7 Connections, or other material propulsion mechanisms such as scrapers.
  • the heated gas outlet port 15 communicates with the intake pipe 16 through a return pipe 12, which is disposed in the combustion chamber 11.
  • the return pipe Set the gas circulation fan inside 12.
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipe 4 may be provided with a heat conducting plate to improve its heat conduction capability.
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipe 4 may be provided with a heat conducting plate to improve its heat conduction capability.
  • a pipe-propelled coal material decomposition equipment comprising a sealed kiln body 1 , the kiln body 1
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline is disposed 4
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline 4 is provided with a coal inlet 2, a coal outlet 3 and a decomposition gas collecting pipe 10, and a rotary power mechanism disposed outside the kiln body 7
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipe 4 forms a heat exchange chamber 5 with the inner wall of the kiln body 1, and the heat exchange chamber 5 is connected to the high temperature gas heating mechanism through the intake pipe 16, the heat exchange chamber 5 Set the heating air outlet 15 away from the side of the high temperature gas heating mechanism.
  • the high temperature gas heating mechanism includes a fuel supply pipe 13, an air supply pipe 14, and a combustion chamber 11.
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipeline 4 The utility model is composed of a plurality of parallel close-packed pipes, one end of which is provided with a feeding cabinet 6, the feeding cabinet 6 is connected with the coal inlet 2, and the other end is provided with a discharging cabinet 17, the out Cabinet 17 and coal outlet 3 connected.
  • An auger 9 is disposed in the coal material propulsion decomposition pipe 4, and the auger 9 passes through a gear 8 extending from the kiln body 1 and a rotary power mechanism 7 Connections, or other material propulsion mechanisms such as scrapers.
  • the heated gas outlet port 15 communicates with the intake pipe 16 through a return pipe 12, which is disposed in the combustion chamber 11.
  • the return pipe Set the gas circulation fan inside 12.
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipe 4 may be provided with a heat conducting plate to improve its heat conduction capability.
  • the coal material propelling decomposition pipe 4 may be provided with a heat conducting plate to improve its heat conduction capability.
  • the rotary power mechanism 7 outside the kiln body 7 drives the coal material to propel the decomposition pipeline by connecting the gear 8 to rotate 4
  • the inner auger 9 rotates, the auger 9 rotates to drive the coal material forward, and the mixture of the fuel supply pipe 13 and the air supply pipe 14 is in the combustion chamber.
  • the internal combustion turns into a high-temperature flame gas, and the gaseous medium in the return pipe 12 is heated, and the heated gaseous medium enters the heat exchange chamber 5 to conduct heat to the coal material to promote the decomposition pipeline 4
  • the coal material inside breaks down the coal material into coal decomposition gas and high quality coal.
  • the coal decomposition gas enters the downstream treatment process from the coal decomposition gas collection pipe 10, and the high quality coal is collected from the coal outlet.
  • the exothermic gas medium is placed in the return pipe
  • the gas circulation fan in 12 is heated into the return pipe 12, and is recirculated after heating.
  • the heat exchange chamber 5 continues to thermally decompose the decomposed coal material.
  • the gaseous medium in the return pipe may be ordinary air or a more safe inert gas such as nitrogen, argon or the like.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be manufactured or used in the industry, which has industrial applicability.

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　 煤物质分解设备 技术领域
本发明属于煤物质综合利用、节能减排技术领域，具体涉及一种管内推进式煤物质分解设备。
背景技术
在公知技术中，有利用煤制煤气的，有利用煤制天然气的，还有利用煤进行高温、中温、低温炼焦、制气的，但上述工艺方法不是将煤粉团成块的，就是要筛选块料，原料成本增加，或所产气热值不高，附加值不大，经济效益和社会效益不显著。炉的加热方式可分为外热式、内热式及内热外热混合式。外热式炉的加热介质与原料不直接接触，热量由炉壁传入；内热式炉的加热介质与原料直接接触，因加热介质的不同而有固体热载体法和气体热载体法两种。
技术问题
当前，常用的煤分解设备主要是有两种，有一种是竖窑结构，该结构燃烧烟气和煤产生的可燃性气体，使得可燃气的纯度低，附加值低，还有部分排出，造成资源的大量浪费和环境的污染。另一种立窑是煤块放置在带孔的隔板上，煤块上方有加热器，因隔板上的煤块有一定的堆积厚度，不能被均匀加热、分解，需要用被分解的气体循环加热、分解，更为重要的是，因为煤隔板上循环通气孔的大量存在，煤粉会从通气孔漏下来，所以煤粉需要进入立窑时先需要将煤粉加工成煤团，所以煤粉不能直接用于窑体分离，这就相应地增加了煤粉分解的成本，降低了经济效益。
有一种煤物质分解设备，包括一个带有进料口和出料口的密闭窑体，所述窑体内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与窑体内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道，所述窑体上设置与煤物质推进分解通道连通的煤分解气收集管。尽管也实现了煤物质的较纯净分解分离，但是其回转的窑体限制了产品的产出量，而且内部加热管道来加热管道外煤粉的效果不够理想，不能满足快速分解分离的生产需要。另外，加热机构设置在窑体的内部，增加其安装检修的难度，同时也不利于安全生产。
技术解决方案
本发明为解决上述工艺及方法中存在的问题，提出了一种更为快速地将煤粉物质分离、更为安全、节能减排，从而提高经济效益和社会效益的管内推进式煤物质分解设备。
一种管内推进式煤物质分解设备，包括一个密封窑体，所述窑体内设置煤物质推进分解管道，所述煤物质推进分解管道设置进煤口、出煤口和分解气收集管，与设置在窑体外的旋转动力机构连接，所述煤物质推进分解管道与窑体内壁之间形成 热交换仓 ，所述 热交换仓通过进气管 与高温气体加热机构连接，所述 热交换仓 远离高温气体加热机构一侧设置加热气导出口。
所述高温气体加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管和燃烧室。
所述煤物质推进分解管道由多根平行密排管道组成，所述多根平行密排管道一端设置进料柜，所述进料柜与所述进煤口连通，另一端设置出料柜，所述出料柜与出煤口连通。
所述煤物质推进分解管道包括管道和设置在管道内的螺旋推进器，螺旋推进器通过伸出窑体外的齿轮与旋转动力机构连接。
所述加热气导出口与进气管通过回流管连通，所述回流管设置在所述燃烧室内。
所述回流管内设置气体循环风机。
有益效果
由于本发明将在高温窑体内设置煤物质推进分解管道，高温窑体内大量的热空气包围着煤物质推进分解管道并传导、辐射到煤物质推进分解管道内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，并在煤物质推进分离管道内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤。本发明窑体不再转动，不再受窑体直径和难以旋转的限制，以煤物质推进分解管道的低速转动实现煤物质在管道内的推进，提高了投料量和出料速率，另外底部加热和顶部出热结构使得热量的产生传导更符合燃料燃烧规律，加热效果更理想。热空气加热机构设置在窑体的外部，达到危险部位可控化操作，提高了设备的安全性能，便于检修与维护，另外其生产和组装工艺相比于现有技术呈简单化状态，可靠性与稳定性进一步增强。对煤物质进行加热的气体，以气体的形式循环对窑体内的煤进行加热，一方面热能进一步充分利用，提高了热量的利用率，降低了热损耗，另外也降低了废气的排放量。本发明公开的装置将粉煤快速高效地分解分离，充分节约和利用了能源，大大地提高了煤资源的利用率和利用水平，将为整个社会带来了大量的经济效益和社会效益。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例作进一步详细的说明。
图 1 是本发明的的结构示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
如图 1 所示：一种管内推进式煤物质分解设备，包括一个密封窑体 1 ，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解管道 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 设置进煤口 2 、出煤口 3 和分解气收集管 10 ，并与设置在窑体 1 外的旋转动力机构 7 连接，所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 与窑体 1 内壁之间形成 热交换仓5 ，所述 热交换仓5通过进气管16 与高温气体加热机构连接，所述 热交换仓5 远离高温气体加热机构一侧设置加热气导出口 15 。所述高温气体加热机构包括燃料供应管 13 、空气供应管 14 和燃烧室 11 。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 由多根平行密排管道组成，所述多根平行密排管道一端设置进料柜 6 ，所述进料柜 6 与所述进煤口 2 连通，另一端设置出料柜 17 ，所述出料柜 17 与出煤口 3 连通。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 内设置螺旋推进器 9 ，所述螺旋推进器 9 通过伸出窑体 1 外的齿轮 8 与旋转动力机构 7 连接，或者其他的物料推进机构如刮板等。所述加热气导出口 15 与进气管 16 通过回流管 12 连通，所述回流管 12 设置在所述燃烧室 11 内。所述回流管 12 内设置气体循环风机。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 外可以增设导热板以提高其热传导能力。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 外可以增设导热板以提高其热传导能力。
本发明的实施方式
如图 1 所示：一种管内推进式煤物质分解设备，包括一个密封窑体 1 ，所述窑体 1 内设置煤物质推进分解管道 4 ，所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 设置进煤口 2 、出煤口 3 和分解气收集管 10 ，并与设置在窑体 1 外的旋转动力机构 7 连接，所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 与窑体 1 内壁之间形成 热交换仓5 ，所述 热交换仓5通过进气管16 与高温气体加热机构连接，所述 热交换仓5 远离高温气体加热机构一侧设置加热气导出口 15 。所述高温气体加热机构包括燃料供应管 13 、空气供应管 14 和燃烧室 11 。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 由多根平行密排管道组成，所述多根平行密排管道一端设置进料柜 6 ，所述进料柜 6 与所述进煤口 2 连通，另一端设置出料柜 17 ，所述出料柜 17 与出煤口 3 连通。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 内设置螺旋推进器 9 ，所述螺旋推进器 9 通过伸出窑体 1 外的齿轮 8 与旋转动力机构 7 连接，或者其他的物料推进机构如刮板等。所述加热气导出口 15 与进气管 16 通过回流管 12 连通，所述回流管 12 设置在所述燃烧室 11 内。所述回流管 12 内设置气体循环风机。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 外可以增设导热板以提高其热传导能力。所述煤物质推进分解管道 4 外可以增设导热板以提高其热传导能力。
在工作的过程中，窑体 1 外的旋转动力机构 7 通过连接齿轮 8 转动带动煤物质推进分解管道 4 内的螺旋推进器 9 转动， 螺旋 推进器 9 旋转驱动煤物质往前推进，燃料供应管 13 、空气供应管 14 提供的混合气在燃烧室 11 内燃烧，变成高温焰气，对回流管 12 内的 气体介质 进行加热，加热后的 气体介质 进入 热交换仓5内，将热量传导辐射给 煤物质推进分解管道 4 内的煤物质，使得煤物质分解，变成煤分解气和优质煤，煤分解气从煤分解气收集管 10 进入下游处理程序，优质煤由出煤口收集。放热后的 气体介质 由设置在回流管 12 内的气体循环风机，再进入回流管 12 内加热，升温后再循环到 热交换仓5继续对分解的煤物质进行加热分解。所述回流管内的气体介质可以是普通空气，也可以是安全性更好的惰性气体，比如氮气、氩气等。
工业实用性
本发明的技术方案可以在工业中制造或使用，其具有工业实用性。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种多管外热式煤物质分解设备，包括一个密封窑体，其特征在于：所述窑体内设置煤物质推进分解管道，所述煤物质推进分解管道设置进煤口、出煤口和分解气收集管，并与设置在窑体外的旋转动力机构连接，所述煤物质推进分解管道与窑体内壁之间形成热交换仓，所述热交换仓通过进气管与高温气体加热机构连接，所述热交换仓远离高温气体加热机构一侧设置加热气导出口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述高温气体加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管和燃烧室。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述煤物质推进分解管道由多根平行密排管道组成，所述多根平行密排管道一端设置进料柜，所述进料柜与所述进煤口连通，另一端设置出料柜，所述出料柜与出煤口连通。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述煤物质推进分解管道包括管道和设置在管道内的螺旋推进器，螺旋推进器通过伸出窑体外的齿轮与旋转动力机构连接。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述加热气导出口与进气管通过回流管连通，所述回流管设置在所述燃烧室内。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述加热气导出口与进气管通过回流管连通，所述回流管设置在所述燃烧室内。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述加热气导出口与进气管通过回流管连通，所述回流管设置在所述燃烧室内。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述回流管内设置气体循环风机。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的管内推进式煤物质分解设备，其特征在于：所述回流管内设置气体循环风机。
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