WO2012022061A1 - 煤物质的立式分解设备 - Google Patents

煤物质的立式分解设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012022061A1
WO2012022061A1 PCT/CN2010/077086 CN2010077086W WO2012022061A1 WO 2012022061 A1 WO2012022061 A1 WO 2012022061A1 CN 2010077086 W CN2010077086 W CN 2010077086W WO 2012022061 A1 WO2012022061 A1 WO 2012022061A1
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pipe
coal
gas
flame
decomposition
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PCT/CN2010/077086
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱书成
王希彬
黄祥云
曹国超
刘伟
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西峡龙成特种材料有限公司
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Priority to CA2806928A priority Critical patent/CA2806928C/en
Priority to US13/813,708 priority patent/US8864947B2/en
Priority to EA201300241A priority patent/EA027789B1/ru
Priority to AU2010359256A priority patent/AU2010359256B2/en
Priority to EP10856059.0A priority patent/EP2607453B1/en
Publication of WO2012022061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012022061A1/zh
Priority to ZA2013/00642A priority patent/ZA201300642B/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
    • C10B21/20—Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B1/00—Retorts
    • C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
    • C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/18—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge
    • C10B47/20—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge according to the moving bed type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/34—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with rotary scraping devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of coal materials, energy saving and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a vertical decomposition device for coal materials.
  • coal-based gas there are coal-based gas, coal-based natural gas, coal, high-temperature, medium-temperature, low-temperature coking, gas production, but the above process is not a coal lumps, it is Screening of block materials, raw material costs increase, or the gas heat value produced is not high, the added value is not large, economic and social benefits are not significant.
  • the heating method of the furnace can be divided into external heating type, internal heat type and internal heat external heat mixing type.
  • the heating medium of the external heat furnace is not in direct contact with the raw material, and the heat is introduced from the furnace wall; the heating medium of the internal heat furnace is in direct contact with the raw material, and there are two kinds of solid heat carrier method and gas heat carrier method depending on the heating medium.
  • the internal heat gas heat carrier method is a typical method that has been employed in the industry.
  • the method adopts a gas heat carrier internal heat vertical continuous furnace, that is, a drying section from top to bottom,
  • the decomposition section and the cooling section are three parts.
  • Low temperature decomposition of coal Lignite or a block made of lignite moves from top to bottom and is in direct contact with the combustion gas in direct contact with heat.
  • the hot gas of about 250 ° C upstream to the upstream is cooled to 80 to 100 ° C.
  • the raw materials are decomposed
  • the section is heated to about 500 ° C by a combustion gas containing no oxygen at 600 to 700 ° C to cause thermal decomposition; the hot gas is cooled to about 250 ° C, and the generated semi-coke enters the cooling section and is cooled by the cold gas. After the semi-coke is discharged, it is further cooled with water and air. From The volatiles escaping from the decomposition section are subjected to condensation, cooling and the like to obtain tar and pyrolysis water.
  • Such furnaces have been built in Germany, the United States, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, New Zealand and Japan.
  • the internal heat solid heat carrier method is a typical method for the internal heat of a solid heat carrier.
  • the raw materials are lignite, non-cohesive coal, weakly cohesive coal and oil shale.
  • an intermediate test unit with a capacity of 10 t/h of coal was built in Dorsten, the Federal Republic of Germany.
  • the heat carrier used was solid particles (small ceramic balls, sand or semi-coke). Since the process product gas does not contain exhaust gas, the equipment of the aftertreatment system is small in size, and the gas heat value is high, up to 20.5 to 40.6 MJ/m 3 . This method has a large processing capacity due to large temperature difference, small particle size and extremely fast heat transfer.
  • the LR process process coal low temperature decomposition is to firstly mix the preliminary preheated small piece of raw coal with the hot semi-coke from the separator in the mixer to cause thermal decomposition. Then it falls into the buffer and stays for a certain time to complete the thermal decomposition.
  • the semi-coke coming out of the buffer enters the bottom of the riser and is pumped by hot air. At the same time, the residual carbon in the riser is burned to raise the temperature, and then enters the separator for gas-solid separation.
  • the semi-focus is returned to the mixer and cycled.
  • the volatile matter escaping from the mixer is dedusted, condensed and cooled, and the oil is recovered to obtain a gas having a higher calorific value.
  • coal decomposition equipments there are mainly two kinds of commonly used coal decomposition equipments, one is a shaft kiln structure, which burns flue gas and flammable gas generated by coal, so that the purity of the combustible gas is low, the added value is low, and some are discharged, resulting in A lot of waste of resources and environmental pollution.
  • Another type of vertical kiln is a coal block placed on a perforated partition. There is a heater above the coal block. Because the coal block has a certain thickness, it cannot be uniformly heated and decomposed. It needs to be heated and decomposed by the decomposed gas. The decomposition rate of coal is lower than that of pulverized coal.
  • the invention solves the problems in the above-mentioned processes and methods, and proposes a vertical decomposition device for coal materials which can directly separate coal powder materials, improve their comprehensive utilization value, save energy and reduce emissions, thereby improving economic and social benefits. .
  • a vertical decomposition device for coal materials comprising a closed shaft kiln with a feed port and a discharge port, wherein the shaft kiln is provided with a flame gas pipe heating mechanism, and the flame gas pipe heating mechanism and the inner wall of the shaft kiln
  • the formed coal material advances the decomposition passage
  • the kiln body is provided with a coal decomposition gas collection pipe that communicates with the coal material propulsion decomposition passage, and the coal decomposition gas collection pipe is connected with a gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism disposed outside the shaft kiln.
  • the flame gas duct heating mechanism is disposed to rotate relative to the shaft kiln, and the inner wall of the shaft kiln is provided with a rotating scraper.
  • the flame gas pipe heating mechanism comprises a fuel supply pipe, an air supply pipe, a combustion chamber and a flame heat pipe, and a flame collecting pipe is formed at one end away from the combustion chamber, and protrudes out of the shaft kiln.
  • the flame heat pipe is a parallel close-packed structure, the air supply pipe is in communication with an air shunt pipe, the fuel supply pipe is in communication with a fuel split pipe, and the air shunt pipe is arranged in parallel with the fuel split pipe to form a combustion with the combustion chamber
  • the unit is connected to the air shunt tube at one end of the gas shunt tube near the combustion chamber.
  • the flame gas pipe heating mechanism includes a flame gas heat pipe connected to a combustion chamber, a fuel supply pipe, and an air supply pipe disposed outside the kiln.
  • the coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe is connected to a fuel supply pipe at a lower end of the shaft kiln through a small diameter pipe with a valve, and a fuel tank with a valve is further disposed on one side of the fuel supply pipe.
  • the flame gas collecting pipe is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism at one end of the flame gas heat pipe.
  • the flame gas heat dissipation pipe is a cylindrical mesh dense drainage pipe.
  • the invention brings a brand-new heating method into the field of pulverized coal decomposition, a large amount of heat conduction and radiation generated by the flame gas duct heating mechanism is transferred to the coal powder in the coal material propelling decomposition channel, the coal powder is fully absorbed, and the pulverized coal is heated.
  • Decomposition which is decomposed into coal, coke oil and gas with high calorific value in the coal material propulsion separation channel.
  • the gas and coke oil and gas are connected to the gas dedusting liquefaction mechanism outside the rotary kiln through the coal decomposition gas collection pipe, and will be decomposed to Gas, coke oil and gas collection, dust removal, separation, pressure liquefaction.
  • the flame gas heat pipe is a plurality of parallel close-packed pipes or a tube-shaped close-packed pipe, which can transfer the generated heat more fully to move the coal powder.
  • the coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe is connected to a fuel supply pipe on the other side of the shaft kiln through a small diameter pipe with a valve, and a fuel tank with a valve is disposed on one side of the fuel supply pipe, which can be conveniently.
  • the flammable gas produced by the invention provides a heat source for the pulverized coal to form a self-satisfied fuel supply and demand system, and the starting fuel tank is used for providing the starting fuel for the kiln body when the kiln body starts without generating gas; the flame collecting tube is far away
  • One end of the flame gas heat pipe is connected with the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism to ensure that a large amount of heat energy in the flame gas after passing through the flame gas collecting pipe is pre-absorbed and dried by the pulverized coal, thereby improving the energy utilization rate and
  • the temperature of the pulverized coal before entering the rotary kiln body reduces the water content of the pulverized coal.
  • the invention rapidly and efficiently decomposes and separates the pulverized coal which is difficult to be pyrolyzed, fully saves and utilizes the energy, greatly improves the utilization rate and utilization level of the coal resources, and brings a large amount of economic and social benefits to the whole society.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A of Figure 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a vertical decomposition equipment for coal materials including a closed kiln with inlet 2 and discharge 3 1 .
  • the kiln body 1 is a shaft kiln, wherein the kiln body 1 is provided with a flame gas pipe heating mechanism, and the coal material propelling decomposition channel formed between the flame gas pipe heating mechanism and the inner wall of the kiln body 1 is 4, the kiln body 1 A coal decomposition gas collection pipe 5 connected to the coal material propulsion decomposition passage 4 is disposed, the coal decomposition gas collection pipe 5 and a gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism disposed outside the shaft kiln 1
  • the flame gas duct heating mechanism is rotatably disposed relative to the shaft kiln 1, and the inner wall of the shaft kiln 1 is provided with a rotary squeegee 10.
  • the flame gas pipe heating mechanism includes a flame gas heat pipe 6 , a combustion chamber 7 , and a fuel supply pipe 8.
  • the air supply pipe 9 forms a fireworks collecting pipe 11 away from the end of the combustion chamber 7, and extends out of the shaft kiln 1.
  • the flame gas heat pipe 6 is a parallel close-packed structure, and the air supply pipe 9 and the air shunt pipe 13 is connected, the fuel supply pipe 8 is in communication with the fuel split pipe 12, and the air split pipe 13 is disposed in parallel with the fuel split pipe 12 to form a combustion unit with the combustion chamber 7, the gas distribution pipe 12 An end adjacent to the combustion chamber 7 is in communication with the air shunt tube 13.
  • the coal gas decomposition gas collection pipe 5 communicates with a fuel supply pipe 8 at a lower end of the shaft kiln 1 through a small diameter pipe 15 having a valve, the fuel supply pipe A starter fuel tank with a valve 18 is also provided on one side.
  • the flame gas collecting pipe 11 is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism 16 at an end away from the flame gas heat pipe 6. Flame heat pipe 6 For a plurality of parallel close-packed pipes, the generated heat can be more fully transferred to the pulverized coal.
  • the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 8 and the air in the air supply pipe 9 are in the combustion chamber 7 Mixed combustion, the high-temperature flame gas generated after combustion enters the flame gas heat pipe 6 , and the flame gas heat pipe 6 conducts heat to the coal material propulsion decomposition channel 4
  • the pulverized coal On the pulverized coal inside, the pulverized coal is fully absorbed, and the pulverized coal is heated and decomposed, and is decomposed into coal, coke oil and gas with high calorific value in the coal material propelling separation channel 4, and the gas and coke oil and gas pass through the coal decomposition gas.
  • Collection tube 5 and outside the rotary kiln The gas dedusting liquefaction mechanism of 1 is connected.
  • a vertical decomposition equipment for coal materials including a closed kiln body with inlet 2 and discharge 3
  • the kiln body 1 is a shaft kiln, and the kiln body 1 is provided with a flame gas pipe heating mechanism, and the coal material propelling decomposition channel formed between the flame gas pipe heating mechanism and the inner wall of the kiln body 1 is 4, the kiln body 1
  • a coal decomposition gas collection pipe 5 connected to the coal material propulsion decomposition passage 4 is disposed, the coal decomposition gas collection pipe 5 and a gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism disposed outside the shaft kiln 1
  • the flame gas duct heating mechanism is rotatably disposed relative to the shaft kiln 1, and the inner wall of the shaft kiln 1 is provided with a rotary squeegee 10.
  • the flame gas pipe heating mechanism includes a flame gas heat pipe 6 , a combustion chamber 7 , and a fuel supply pipe 8.
  • the air supply pipe 9 forms a fireworks collecting pipe 11 away from the end of the combustion chamber 7, and extends out of the shaft kiln 1.
  • the flame gas heat pipe 6 is a parallel close-packed structure, and the air supply pipe 9 and the air shunt pipe 13 is connected, the fuel supply pipe 8 is in communication with the fuel split pipe 12, and the air split pipe 13 is disposed in parallel with the fuel split pipe 12 to form a combustion unit with the combustion chamber 7, the gas distribution pipe 12 An end adjacent to the combustion chamber 7 is in communication with the air shunt tube 13.
  • the coal gas decomposition gas collection pipe 5 communicates with a fuel supply pipe 8 at a lower end of the shaft kiln 1 through a small diameter pipe 15 having a valve, the fuel supply pipe A starter fuel tank with a valve 18 is also provided on one side.
  • the flame gas collecting pipe 11 is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism 16 at an end away from the flame gas heat pipe 6. Flame heat pipe 6 For a plurality of parallel close-packed pipes, the generated heat can be more fully transferred to the pulverized coal.
  • the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 8 and the air in the air supply pipe 9 are in the combustion chamber 7 Mixed combustion, the high-temperature flame gas generated after combustion enters the flame gas heat pipe 6 , and the flame gas heat pipe 6 conducts heat to the coal material propulsion decomposition channel 4
  • the pulverized coal On the pulverized coal inside, the pulverized coal is fully absorbed, and the pulverized coal is heated and decomposed, and is decomposed into coal, coke oil and gas with high calorific value in the coal material propelling separation channel 4, and the gas and coke oil and gas pass through the coal decomposition gas.
  • Collection tube 5 and outside the rotary kiln The gas dedusting liquefaction mechanism of 1 is connected.
  • a vertical decomposition equipment for coal material including a closed kiln body 1 with a feed port 2 and a discharge port 3 1 is a shaft kiln in which a flame gas pipe heating mechanism is disposed, and a coal material propelling decomposition channel 4 formed between the flame gas pipe heating mechanism and the inner wall of the kiln body 1 is used, and the kiln body 1
  • the coal gas decomposition gas collecting pipe connected to the coal material propelling decomposition passage 4 is disposed.
  • the flame gas pipe heating mechanism is rotated relative to the shaft kiln 1, and the rotating squeegee is disposed on the inner wall of the vertical kiln 1 .
  • the flame gas duct heating mechanism includes a flame gas heat pipe 6 connected to a combustion chamber 7 disposed outside the kiln body 1, a fuel supply pipe 8, and an air supply pipe 9.
  • Flame heat pipe 6 In the form of a tube-like densely packed pipe, the generated heat can be more fully transferred to the pulverized coal.
  • the fuel in the fuel supply pipe 8 and the air in the air supply pipe 9 are in the combustion chamber 7 Mixed combustion, the high-temperature flame gas generated after combustion enters the flame gas heat pipe 6 , and the flame gas heat pipe 6 conducts heat to the coal material propulsion decomposition channel 4
  • the pulverized coal On the pulverized coal inside, the pulverized coal is fully absorbed, and the pulverized coal is heated and decomposed, and is decomposed into coal, coke oil and gas with high calorific value in the coal material propelling separation channel 4, and the gas and coke oil and gas pass through the coal decomposition gas.
  • Collection tube 5 and shaft kiln 1 The external gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism is connected.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种煤物质的立式分解设备，包括一个带有进料口和出料口的密闭窑体，所述窑体内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与窑体内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道，所述窑体上设置与煤物质推进分解通道连通的煤分解气收集管。由于本发明将焰气管道加热机构产生的大量的热传导、辐射到煤物质推进分解通道内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，就在煤物质推进分离通道内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤，燃气和焦油气通过所述煤分解气收集管与回转窑外的气体除尘液化机构连接，将分解到的燃气、焦油气收集、除尘、分离、加压液化。

Description

煤物质的立式分解设备 技术领域
本发明属于煤物质综合利用、节能减排技术领域，具体涉及一种煤物质的立式分解设备。
背景技术
在公知技术中，有利用煤制煤气的，有利用煤制天然气的，还有利用煤进行高温、中温、低温炼焦、制气的，但上述工艺方法不是将煤粉团成块的，就是要筛选块料，原料成本增加，或所产气热值不高，附加值不大，经济效益和社会效益不显著。
炉的加热方式可分为外热式、内热式及内热外热混合式。外热式炉的加热介质与原料不直接接触，热量由炉壁传入；内热式炉的加热介质与原料直接接触，因加热介质的不同而有固体热载体法和气体热载体法两种。
内热式气体热载体法是 工业上已采用的典型方法。此法采用气体热载体内热式垂直连续炉，即从上而下包括干燥段、 分解 段和冷却段三部分。煤低温 分解 褐煤或由褐煤压制成的型块（约25～60mm）由上而下移动，与燃烧气逆流直接接触受热。炉顶原料的含水量约15％时，在干燥段脱除水分至 1.0％以下，逆流而上的约250℃热气体冷至80～100℃。干燥后原料在 分解 段被600～700℃不含氧的燃烧气加热至约500℃，发生热分解；热气体冷至约250℃，生成的半焦进入冷却段被冷气体冷却。半焦排出后进一步用水和空气冷却。从 分解 段逸出的挥发物经过冷凝、冷却等步骤，得到焦油和 热解水。德国、美国、苏联、捷克斯洛伐克、新西兰和日本都曾建有此类炉型。
内热式固体热载体 法是固体热载体内热式的典型方法。原料为褐煤、非粘结性煤、弱粘结性煤以及油页岩。20世纪50年代，在联邦德国多尔斯滕建有一套处理能力为10t/h煤的中间试验装置，使用的热载体是固体颗粒（小瓷球、砂子或半焦）。由于过程产品气体不含废气，因此后处理系统的设备尺寸较小,煤气热值较高，可达20.5～40.6MJ/m3。此法由于温差大，颗粒小，传热极快，因此具有很大的处理能力。所得液体产品较多、加工高挥发分煤时，产率可达30％。L-R法工艺流程煤低温分解是首先将初步预热的小块原料煤，同来自分离器的热半焦在混合器内混合，发生热分解作用。然后落入缓冲器内，停留一定时间，完成热分解。从缓冲器出来的半焦进入提升管底部，由热空气提送，同时在提升管中烧去其中的残碳，使温度升高，然后进入分离器内进行气固分离。半焦再返回混合器，如此循环。从混合器逸出的挥发物，经除尘、冷凝和冷却、回收油类，得到热值较高的煤气。
 技术问题
当前，常用的煤分解设备主要是有两种，有一种是竖窑结构，该结构燃烧烟气和煤产生的可燃性气体，使得可燃气的纯度低，附加值低，还有部分排出，造成资源的大量浪费和环境的污染。另一种立窑是煤块放置在带孔的隔板上，煤块上方有加热器，因煤块有一定厚度，不能被均匀加热、分解，需要用被分解的气体循环加热、分解，块煤分解的速度低于煤粉，更为重要的是，因为煤隔板上循环通气孔的大量存在，煤粉会从通气孔漏下来，所以煤粉需要进入立窑时先需要将煤粉加工成煤团，所以煤粉不能直接用于立窑分离，这就相应地增加了成本，降低了经济效益。
技术解决方案
本发明为解决上述工艺及方法中存在的问题，提出了一种能直接将煤粉物质分离、提高其综合利用价值、节能减排，从而提高经济效益和社会效益的煤物质的立式分解设备。
一种煤物质的立式分解设备，包括一个带有进料口和出料口的密闭竖窑，所述竖窑内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与竖窑内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道，所述窑体上设置与煤物质推进分解通道连通的煤分解气收集管，所述煤分解气收集管与设置在竖窑外的气体除尘液化机构连接，所述焰气管道加热机构相对于竖窑转动设置，所述竖窑内壁设置旋转刮板。
所述焰气管道加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管、燃烧室和焰气散热管，远离燃烧室的一端形成焰火汇集管，并伸出竖窑外。
所述焰气散热管为平行密排结构，所述空气供应管与空气分流管连通，所述燃料供应管与燃料分流管连通，所述空气分流管与燃料分流管平行设置与燃烧室形成燃烧单元，所述燃气分流管靠近燃烧室的一端与空气分流管连通。
所述焰气管道加热机构包括焰气散热管，所述焰气散热管和设置在窑体外的燃烧室、燃料供应管、空气供应管连接。
所述煤分解气收集管通过一根带阀门的细径管道与竖窑下端的燃料供应管连通，所述燃料供应管一侧还设置一个带阀门的起动燃料罐。
所述焰气汇集管远离焰气散热管的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构连接。
所述焰气散热管为筒网状密排管道。
 有益效果
由于本发明将一种全新的加热方式带入粉煤分解领域，焰气管道加热机构产生的大量的热传导、辐射到煤物质推进分解通道内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，就在煤物质推进分离通道内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤，燃气和焦油气通过所述煤分解气收集管与回转窑外的气体除尘液化机构连接，将分解到的燃气、焦油气收集、除尘、分离、加压液化。焰气散热管为多根平行密排管道或者筒网状密排管道，可以将产生的热更充分的转移动煤粉上去。所述煤分解气收集管通过一根带阀门的细径管道与竖窑另一侧的燃料供应管连通，所述燃料供应管一侧还设置一个带阀门的起动燃料罐，可以很方便地将本发明产生的一部分可燃气体为煤粉提供热源，形成一个自我满足完善的燃料供需系统，起动燃料罐用于窑体起动阶段未产生燃气时为窑体提供起动燃料；所述焰气汇集管远离焰气散热管的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构连接，保证通过焰气汇集管后的焰气内尚存大量的热能被煤粉预吸收干燥升温，提高了能源的利用率，同时也大大提高了进入回转窑体前的煤粉的温度，降低了煤粉的含水量。本发明将难以高温分解的粉煤快速高效地分解分离，充分节约和利用了能源，大大地提高了煤资源的利用率和利用水平，将为整个社会带来了大量的经济效益和社会效益。
 附图说明
图 1 是本发明的实施例一的结构示意图。
图 2 是本发明图 1 中 A － A 向的剖视图。
图 3 是本发明的实施例二的结构示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
实施例一
如图 1 、图 2 所示：一种煤物质的立式分解设备，包括一个带有进料口 2 和出料口 3 的密闭窑体 1 ，窑体 1 为竖窑，所述窑体 1 内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与窑体 1 内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道 4 ，所述窑体 1 上设置与煤物质推进分解通道 4 连通的煤分解气收集管 5 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与设置在竖窑 1 外的气体除尘液化机构 14 连接，所述焰气管道加热机构相对于竖窑 1 转动设置，所述竖窑 1 内壁设置旋转刮板 10 。所述焰气管道加热机构包括焰气散热管 6 、燃烧室 7 、燃料供应管 8 、空气供应管 9 ，远离燃烧室 7 的一端形成焰火汇集管 11 ，并伸出竖窑 1 外。所述焰气散热管 6 为平行密排结构，所述空气供应管 9 与空气分流管 13 连通，所述燃料供应管 8 与燃料分流管 12 连通，所述空气分流管 13 与燃料分流管 12 平行设置与燃烧室 7 形成燃烧单元，所述燃气分流管 12 靠近燃烧室 7 的一端与空气分流管 13 连通。所述煤分解气收集管 5 通过一根带阀门的细径管道 15 与竖窑 1 下端的燃料供应管 8 连通，所述燃料供应管 8 一侧还设置一个带阀门的起动燃料罐 18 。所述焰气汇集管 11 远离焰气散热管 6 的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构 16 连接。焰气散热管 6 为多根平行密排管道，可以将产生的热更充分的转移动煤粉上去。燃料供应管 8 内的燃料和空气供应管 9 内的空气在燃烧室 7 混合燃烧，燃烧后产生的高温焰气进入焰气散热管 6 ，焰气散热管 6 将热量传导到煤物质推进分解通道 4 内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，就在煤物质推进分离通道 4 内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤，燃气和焦油气通过所述煤分解气收集管 5 与回转窑外 1 的气体除尘液化机构连接。
本发明的实施方式
实施例一
如图 1 、图 2 所示：一种煤物质的立式分解设备，包括一个带有进料口 2 和出料口 3 的密闭窑体 1 ，窑体 1 为竖窑，所述窑体 1 内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与窑体 1 内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道 4 ，所述窑体 1 上设置与煤物质推进分解通道 4 连通的煤分解气收集管 5 ，所述煤分解气收集管 5 与设置在竖窑 1 外的气体除尘液化机构 14 连接，所述焰气管道加热机构相对于竖窑 1 转动设置，所述竖窑 1 内壁设置旋转刮板 10 。所述焰气管道加热机构包括焰气散热管 6 、燃烧室 7 、燃料供应管 8 、空气供应管 9 ，远离燃烧室 7 的一端形成焰火汇集管 11 ，并伸出竖窑 1 外。所述焰气散热管 6 为平行密排结构，所述空气供应管 9 与空气分流管 13 连通，所述燃料供应管 8 与燃料分流管 12 连通，所述空气分流管 13 与燃料分流管 12 平行设置与燃烧室 7 形成燃烧单元，所述燃气分流管 12 靠近燃烧室 7 的一端与空气分流管 13 连通。所述煤分解气收集管 5 通过一根带阀门的细径管道 15 与竖窑 1 下端的燃料供应管 8 连通，所述燃料供应管 8 一侧还设置一个带阀门的起动燃料罐 18 。所述焰气汇集管 11 远离焰气散热管 6 的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构 16 连接。焰气散热管 6 为多根平行密排管道，可以将产生的热更充分的转移动煤粉上去。燃料供应管 8 内的燃料和空气供应管 9 内的空气在燃烧室 7 混合燃烧，燃烧后产生的高温焰气进入焰气散热管 6 ，焰气散热管 6 将热量传导到煤物质推进分解通道 4 内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，就在煤物质推进分离通道 4 内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤，燃气和焦油气通过所述煤分解气收集管 5 与回转窑外 1 的气体除尘液化机构连接。
实施例二
如图 3 所示：一种煤物质的立式分解设备，包括一个带有进料口 2 和出料口 3 的密闭窑体 1 ，窑体 1 为竖窑，所述窑体 1 内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与窑体 1 内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道 4 ，所述窑体 1 上设置与煤物质推进分解通道 4 连通的煤分解气收集管 5 所述焰气管道加热机构相对于竖窑 1 转动设置，所述竖窑 1 内壁设置旋转刮板 10 。所述焰气管道加热机构包括焰气散热管 6 ，所述焰气散热管 6 和设置在窑体 1 外的燃烧室 7 、燃料供应管 8 、空气供应管 9 连接。焰气散热管 6 为筒网状密排管道，可以将产生的热更充分的转移动煤粉上去。燃料供应管 8 内的燃料和空气供应管 9 内的空气在燃烧室 7 混合燃烧，燃烧后产生的高温焰气进入焰气散热管 6 ，焰气散热管 6 将热量传导到煤物质推进分解通道 4 内的煤粉上，煤粉充分地吸收，煤粉升温分解，就在煤物质推进分离通道 4 内分解成燃气、焦油气和热值较高的煤，燃气和焦油气通过所述煤分解气收集管 5 与竖窑 1 外的气体除尘液化机构连接。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种煤物质的立式分解设备，包括一个带有进料口和出料口的密闭竖 窑 ，其特征在于：所述竖 窑 内设置焰气管道加热机构，所述焰气管道加热机构与竖 窑 内壁之间形成的煤物质推进分解通道，所述 窑 体上设置与煤物质推进分解通道连通的煤分解气收集管，所述煤分解气收集管与设置在竖 窑 外的气体除尘液化机构连接，所述焰气管道加热机构相对于竖 窑 转动设置，所述竖 窑 内壁设置旋转刮板。
  2. 如权利要求 1 所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气管道加热机构包括燃料供应管、空气供应管、燃烧室和焰气散热管，远离燃烧室的一端形成焰火汇集管，并伸出竖 窑 外。
  3. 如权利要求 2 所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气散热管为平行密排结构，所述空气供应管与空气分流管连通，所述燃料供应管与燃料分流管连通，所述空气分流管与燃料分流管平行设置与燃烧室形成燃烧单元，所述燃气分流管靠近燃烧室的一端与空气分流管连通。
  4. 如权利要求 1 所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气管道加热机构包括焰气散热管，所述焰气散热管和设置在 窑 体外的燃烧室、燃料供应管、空气供应管连接。
  5. 如权利要求 1 至 4 中任一项所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述煤分解气收集管通过一根带阀门的细径管道与竖 窑 下端的燃料供应管连通，所述燃料供应管一侧还设置一个带阀门的起动燃料罐。
  6. 如权利要求 1 至 4 中任一项所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气汇集管远离焰气散热管的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构连接。
  7. 如权利要求 5 所述的的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气汇集管远离焰气散热管的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构连接。
  8. 如权利要求 1 所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气散热管为筒网状密排管道。
  9. 如权利要求 8 所述的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述煤分解气收集管通过一根带阀门的细径管道与竖 窑 下端的燃料供应管连通，所述燃料供应管一侧还设置一个带阀门的起动燃料罐。
  10. 如权利要求 8 或 9 所述的的煤物质的立式分解设备，其特征在于：所述焰气汇集管远离焰气散热管的一端与煤粉干燥预热机构连接。
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US8864947B2 (en) 2014-10-21
US20130126330A1 (en) 2013-05-23
CA2806928A1 (en) 2012-02-23
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AU2010359256B2 (en) 2014-02-27
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