WO2012053505A1 - 熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法、熱可塑性樹脂組成物および成形品 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法、熱可塑性樹脂組成物および成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012053505A1 WO2012053505A1 PCT/JP2011/073907 JP2011073907W WO2012053505A1 WO 2012053505 A1 WO2012053505 A1 WO 2012053505A1 JP 2011073907 W JP2011073907 W JP 2011073907W WO 2012053505 A1 WO2012053505 A1 WO 2012053505A1
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- 0 CC*(CC)N(C(c(cc1)c2cc1Oc1ccc(C(C)(C)c(cc3)ccc3Oc(cc3C(N4c5ccc(C(C)(C)CC)cc5)=O)ccc3C4=O)cc1)=O)C2=O Chemical compound CC*(CC)N(C(c(cc1)c2cc1Oc1ccc(C(C)(C)c(cc3)ccc3Oc(cc3C(N4c5ccc(C(C)(C)CC)cc5)=O)ccc3C4=O)cc1)=O)C2=O 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin composition and a molded product comprising the same.
- the present invention relates to a resin composition useful as a molded product for fluid piping.
- thermoplastic resins compositions containing polyarylene sulfide resins represented by polyphenylene sulfide resins (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as PPS) have excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation properties, heat and humidity resistance, and flame resistance. It has properties suitable as engineering plastics that can replace parts made of conventional metals, such as high barrier properties against various oils or gases, and various types of electricity mainly for injection molding and extrusion molding. ⁇ Used in electronic parts, machine parts and automobile parts. Furthermore, taking advantage of these characteristics, polyphenylene sulfide resin compositions have been applied to piping parts through which oil and hot water pass, household water heater pipe parts through which hot water passes, and the peripheral parts thereof.
- PPS resin has lower toughness than other engineering plastics such as nylon and PBT, and a technique of blending an elastomer component with PPS resin is generally used to impart toughness particularly in a low temperature range. Yes.
- the blending of the elastomer component results in a significant decrease in the heat resistance of the PPS resin composition due to the low glass transition temperature of the elastomer component itself.
- Patent Document 1 a specific amorphous thermoplastic resin such as polyetherimide (hereinafter abbreviated as PEI) resin or polyethersulfone (hereinafter abbreviated as PES) resin is blended together with an olefin elastomer.
- PEI polyetherimide
- PES polyethersulfone
- Patent Documents 2 to 5 a composition obtained by blending a PPS resin and a PEI resin or a PES resin is disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 5, for example.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a melt-kneading method of a thermoplastic resin having a reactive functional group using an extension flow field.
- JP 2008-75034 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-130158 (Claims) JP-A-5-86293 (Claims) JP 2003-268236 A (Claims) International Publication No. 2007/108384 (Claims) International Publication No. 2009/119624 (Claims)
- the blending of the elastomer component having a glass transition temperature of room temperature (about 23 ° C.) or less as described in Patent Document 1 improves the toughness in the low temperature region as described above, but the heat resistance, that is, Causes a significant decrease in creep characteristics at high temperatures.
- Patent Document 6 only has an example of blending a resin containing a rubbery polymer having a glass transition temperature of room temperature or lower such as polyethylene.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a thermoplastic resin composition that exhibits excellent toughness even in a low-temperature environment and has excellent high-temperature creep characteristics.
- the inventors have kneaded PPS resin and PEI resin by a specific melt-kneading method, so that high toughness can be obtained even at low temperatures, and hot water is allowed to flow through.
- the present inventors have found that a resin composition having a high-temperature creep characteristic that can be sufficiently tolerated even under the above condition can be obtained, and that the above-mentioned problems can be solved, thereby reaching the present invention.
- thermoplastic resin composition by melt-kneading (a) a polyphenylene sulfide resin and (b) a polyetherimide resin or a polyethersulfone resin, wherein the thermoplastic resin composition is the above (a) ) Component and the component (b) as a total of 100% by weight, including 99 to 1% by weight of the component (a) and 1 to 99% by weight of the component (b).
- a method for producing a thermoplastic resin composition comprising a step of melt-kneading with an extruder provided with an extension flow zone which is a zone, and an inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone is 50 to 1000 kg / cm 2 .
- thermoplastic resin composition comprising (a) a polyphenylene sulfide resin and (b) a polyetherimide resin or a polyethersulfone resin, wherein the thermoplastic resin composition comprises the component (a) and the component (b) And (b) 1 to 99% by weight of component (a), and the thermoplastic resin composition satisfies the following conditions. ; (I) Tensile elongation measured according to ASTM-D638 is 15% or more using ASTM No. 4 dumbbell pieces under conditions of a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and an ambient temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C .; and (Ii) A tensile creep test was conducted according to ASTM-D2990 using ASTM No.
- thermoplastic resin composition that is extremely excellent in toughness typified by tensile elongation, expresses sufficient toughness especially in a low temperature region, and at the same time has excellent high-temperature creep characteristics that are indicators of heat resistance and durability. can get.
- a molded product made of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is suitable as a member for fluid piping.
- it is useful as a member whose applicable temperature range is greatly expanded regardless of whether the installation location is outdoor or indoor.
- PPS resin used in the present invention is a polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following structural formula (I).
- a polymer containing 70 mol% or more, further 90 mol% or more of a polymer containing a repeating unit represented by the above structural formula is preferred.
- (a) 30 mol% or less of the repeating unit of the PPS resin may be composed of a repeating unit having a structure selected from the following.
- the resulting resin composition is advantageous in terms of moldability.
- melt viscosity of the PPS resin a higher melt viscosity is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining better toughness, particularly sufficient low temperature toughness for obtaining a molded product for fluid piping.
- the melt viscosity is preferably in the range exceeding 80 Pa ⁇ s (310 ° C., shear rate 1000 / s), more preferably 100 Pa ⁇ s or more, and further preferably 150 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 600 Pa ⁇ s or less from the viewpoint of maintaining melt fluidity.
- the PPS resin is produced by reacting a sulfidizing agent and a polyhalogenated aromatic compound in a polymerization solvent. If necessary, a molecular weight regulator, a polymerization aid, a polymerization stabilizer, and the like may be used.
- the polyhalogenated aromatic compound refers to an aromatic compound having two or more halogen atoms in one molecule.
- Specific examples include p-dichlorobenzene, m-dichlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, hexa
- Examples include chlorobenzene, 2,5-dichlorotoluene, 2,5-dichloro-p-xylene, 1,4-dibromobenzene, 1,4-diiodobenzene, 1-methoxy-2,5-dichlorobenzene and the like.
- p-dichlorobenzene is used. Further, it is possible to obtain a copolymer by combining two or more different polyhalogenated aromatic compounds, but it is preferable to use a p-dihalogenated aromatic compound as a main component.
- the amount of the polyhalogenated aromatic compound is preferably 0.9 to 2.0 mol, more preferably 0.95 to 1 per mol of the sulfidizing agent, from the viewpoint of obtaining a PPS resin having a viscosity suitable for processing.
- a range of 0.5 mol, more preferably 1.005 to 1.2 mol can be exemplified.
- sulfiding agent examples include alkali metal sulfides, alkali metal hydrosulfides, and hydrogen sulfide.
- alkali metal sulfide examples include lithium sulfide, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, rubidium sulfide, cesium sulfide and a mixture of two or more of these. Of these, sodium sulfide is preferably used.
- alkali metal sulfides can be used as hydrates or aqueous mixtures or in the form of anhydrides.
- alkali metal hydrosulfide examples include sodium hydrosulfide, potassium hydrosulfide, lithium hydrosulfide, rubidium hydrosulfide, cesium hydrosulfide, and a mixture of two or more of these. Of these, sodium hydrosulfide is preferably used.
- alkali metal hydrosulfides can be used as hydrates or aqueous mixtures or in the form of anhydrides.
- alkali metal sulfides prepared from a reaction system from alkali metal hydrosulfides and alkali metal hydroxides can be used. It is also possible to prepare an alkali metal sulfide from an alkali metal hydrosulfide and an alkali metal hydroxide and transfer it to a polymerization tank for use.
- alkali metal sulfides prepared in the reaction system from alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide and hydrogen sulfide can also be used.
- an alkali metal sulfide can be prepared from an alkali metal hydroxide such as lithium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide and hydrogen sulfide, and transferred to a polymerization tank for use.
- the amount of the sulfidizing agent charged means the remaining amount obtained by subtracting the loss from the actual charged amount when a partial loss of the sulfidizing agent occurs before the start of the polymerization reaction due to dehydration operation or the like.
- alkali metal hydroxide and / or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide in combination with the sulfidizing agent.
- alkali metal hydroxide include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide and a mixture of two or more of these.
- alkaline earth metal hydroxide include calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, barium hydroxide and the like. Of these, sodium hydroxide is preferably used.
- an alkali metal hydrosulfide is used as the sulfiding agent, it is particularly preferable to use an alkali metal hydroxide at the same time, but the amount of alkali metal hydroxide used is 1 mol of alkali metal hydrosulfide, The range is preferably 0.95 to 1.20 mol, more preferably 1.00 to 1.15 mol, and still more preferably 1.005 to 1.100 mol.
- An organic polar solvent is preferably used as the polymerization solvent.
- N-alkylpyrrolidones such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone
- caprolactams such as N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam
- aprotic organic solvents represented by N, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, dimethyl sulfone, tetramethylene sulfoxide and the like; and mixtures thereof. These are preferably used because of their high reaction stability.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- NMP is particularly preferably used.
- the amount of the organic polar solvent used is preferably in the range of 2.0 to 10 mol, more preferably 2.25 to 6.0 mol, more preferably 2.5 to 5.5 mol per mol of the sulfidizing agent. Is selected.
- a monohalogen compound (not necessarily an aromatic compound) is used in combination with the polyhalogenated aromatic compound in order to form an inert end of the produced PPS resin, or to adjust a polymerization reaction or a molecular weight. be able to.
- the polymerization assistant means a substance having an action of increasing the viscosity of the obtained PPS resin.
- Specific examples of such polymerization aids include, for example, organic carboxylates, water, alkali metal chlorides, organic sulfonates, alkali metal sulfates, alkaline earth metal oxides, alkali metal phosphates and alkaline earths. Metal phosphates and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, organic carboxylates, water, and alkali metal chlorides are preferred. As the organic carboxylate, an alkali metal carboxylate is preferable, and as the alkali metal chloride, lithium chloride is preferable.
- the alkali metal carboxylate is a general formula R (COOM) n (wherein R is an alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group or arylalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms).
- M is an alkali metal selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium, and n is an integer of 1 to 3.
- Alkali metal carboxylates can also be used as hydrates, anhydrides or aqueous solutions. Specific examples of the alkali metal carboxylate include, for example, lithium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium propionate, lithium valerate, sodium benzoate, sodium phenylacetate, potassium p-toluate, and mixtures thereof. Can be mentioned.
- the alkali metal carboxylate is an organic acid and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkali metal bicarbonates, and are allowed to react by adding approximately equal chemical equivalents. You may form by.
- the alkali metal carboxylates lithium salts are highly soluble in the reaction system and have a large auxiliary effect, but are expensive, and potassium, rubidium and cesium salts are insufficiently soluble in the reaction system. For this reason, sodium acetate which is inexpensive and has a suitable solubility in the polymerization system is most preferably used.
- the amount used is preferably 0.01 mol to 2 mol with respect to 1 mol of the sulfidizing agent, and 0.1 to 0 in terms of obtaining a higher degree of polymerization.
- the range of 0.6 mol is more preferable, and the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mol is more preferable.
- the addition amount is preferably in the range of 0.3 mol to 15 mol with respect to 1 mol of the sulfidizing agent, and 0.6 to 10 mol in terms of obtaining a higher degree of polymerization.
- the range is more preferable, and the range of 1 to 5 mol is more preferable.
- polymerization aids can be used in combination of two or more.
- an alkali metal carboxylate and water are used in combination, it becomes possible to increase the molecular weight in a smaller amount.
- timing of addition of these polymerization aids which may be added at any time during the previous step, polymerization start, polymerization in the middle to be described later, or may be added in multiple times.
- an alkali metal carboxylate used as a polymerization aid, it is more preferable to add it at the start of the previous step or at the start of the polymerization from the viewpoint of easy addition.
- water used as a polymerization aid, it is effective to add the polyhalogenated aromatic compound during the polymerization reaction after charging.
- a polymerization stabilizer can also be used to stabilize the polymerization reaction system and prevent side reactions.
- the polymerization stabilizer contributes to stabilization of the polymerization reaction system and suppresses undesirable side reactions.
- One measure of the side reaction is the generation of thiophenol, and the addition of a polymerization stabilizer can suppress the generation of thiophenol.
- Specific examples of the polymerization stabilizer include compounds such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and alkaline earth metal carbonates. Among these, alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide are preferable.
- the alkali metal carboxylate described above also acts as a polymerization stabilizer, it is one of the polymerization stabilizers.
- an alkali metal hydrosulfide is used as a sulfidizing agent, it has been described above that it is particularly preferable to use an alkali metal hydroxide at the same time.
- Oxides can also be polymerization stabilizers.
- polymerization stabilizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polymerization stabilizer is preferably in a proportion of 0.02 to 0.2 mol, more preferably 0.03 to 0.1 mol, still more preferably 0.04 to 0.09 mol, relative to 1 mol of the sulfidizing agent. Is preferably used. If this ratio is small, the stabilizing effect is insufficient. Conversely, if the ratio is too large, it is economically disadvantageous or the polymer yield tends to decrease.
- the addition timing of the polymerization stabilizer is not particularly specified, and may be added at any time during the previous step, at the start of polymerization, or during the polymerization described later, or may be added in multiple times. It is more preferable because it is easy to add at the start of the process or polymerization.
- the sulfidizing agent is usually used in the form of a hydrate. Before adding the polyhalogenated aromatic compound, it is preferable to raise the temperature of the mixture containing the polymerization solvent and the sulfidizing agent to remove excess water out of the system.
- a sulfidizing agent prepared from an alkali metal hydrosulfide and an alkali metal hydroxide in the reaction system or in a tank different from the polymerization tank can also be used as the sulfidizing agent.
- This method is not particularly limited, but preferably an alkali metal hydrosulfide and an alkali metal hydroxide are added to the polymerization solvent in an inert gas atmosphere at room temperature to 150 ° C., preferably in the temperature range of room temperature to 100 ° C.
- a method of raising the temperature to at least 150 ° C. or more, preferably 180 to 260 ° C. under normal pressure or reduced pressure, and distilling off the water can be mentioned.
- a polymerization aid may be added at this stage.
- moisture content you may react by adding toluene etc.
- the amount of water in the polymerization system is preferably 0.3 to 10.0 moles per mole of the charged sulfiding agent.
- the amount of water in the polymerization system is an amount obtained by subtracting the amount of water removed from the polymerization system from the amount of water charged in the polymerization system.
- the water to be charged may be in any form such as water, an aqueous solution, and crystal water.
- a PPS resin is produced by reacting a sulfidizing agent and a polyhalogenated aromatic compound within a temperature range of 200 ° C. or higher and 290 ° C. or lower in a polymerization solvent.
- the polymerization solvent, the sulfidizing agent, and the polyhalogenated aromatic compound are desirably added in an inert gas atmosphere, preferably at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 240 ° C., more preferably from 100 to 230 ° C. Mix.
- a polymerization aid may be added at this stage.
- the order in which these raw materials are charged may be out of order or may be simultaneous.
- the temperature of the mixture is preferably raised to a range of 200 ° C to 290 ° C.
- the rate of temperature increase is not particularly limited, but a rate of 0.01 to 5 ° C./min is preferably selected, and a range of 0.1 to 3 ° C./min is more preferable.
- the temperature is finally raised to a temperature of 250 to 290 ° C., and the reaction is preferably performed at that temperature for 0.25 to 50 hours, more preferably 0.5 to 20 hours.
- a method of reacting at a temperature of 200 ° C. to 260 ° C. for a certain time and then raising the temperature to 270 to 290 ° C. is effective in obtaining a higher degree of polymerization.
- the reaction time at 200 ° C. to 260 ° C. is preferably selected in the range of 0.25 hours to 20 hours, more preferably in the range of 0.25 to 10 hours.
- the polymerization may be effective to perform polymerization in multiple stages.
- the conversion of the polyhalogenated aromatic compound in the system at 245 ° C. reaches 40 mol% or more, preferably 60 mol%.
- the conversion rate of the polyhalogenated aromatic compound (herein abbreviated as PHA) is a value calculated by the following formula.
- the residual amount of PHA can usually be determined by gas chromatography.
- conversion rate [PHA charge (mol) ⁇ PHA remaining amount (mol)] / [PHA charge (mol) -PHA excess (mole)]
- conversion rate [PHA charge (mol) ⁇ PHA remaining amount (mol)] / [PHA charge (mol)].
- a method of slowly cooling and recovering the particulate polymer may be used.
- the slow cooling rate at this time is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.1 ° C./min to 3 ° C./min. There is no need for slow cooling at the same rate in the whole process of the slow cooling step, and a method of slow cooling at a rate of 0.1 to 1 ° C./min until the polymer particles crystallize and then at a rate of 1 ° C./min or more is used. It may be adopted.
- the polymerization reaction product is flushed from a high temperature and high pressure (usually 250 ° C. or more, 8 kg / cm 2 or more) into an atmosphere of normal pressure or reduced pressure, and the polymer is recovered in the form of powder simultaneously with the solvent recovery.
- the flush here means that the polymerization reaction product is ejected from the nozzle.
- Specific examples of the atmosphere to be flushed include nitrogen or water vapor at normal pressure, and the temperature is preferably in the range of 150 ° C to 250 ° C.
- the PPS resin may be subjected to acid treatment, hot water treatment or washing with an organic solvent after being produced through the polymerization step and the recovery step.
- the acid treatment method is as follows.
- the acid used for the acid treatment of the PPS resin is not particularly limited as long as it does not have an action of decomposing the PPS resin, and examples thereof include acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, silicic acid, carbonic acid, and propyl acid. Of these, an acid selected from acetic acid and hydrochloric acid is preferably used. What decomposes
- Examples of the acid treatment method include a method of immersing a PPS resin in an acid or an acid aqueous solution. If necessary, stirring or heating can be appropriately performed. For example, when acetic acid is used, a sufficient effect can be obtained by immersing the PPS resin powder in an aqueous pH 4 solution heated to 80 to 200 ° C. and stirring for 30 minutes.
- the pH of the aqueous solution after the treatment may be 4 or more, for example, about pH 4-8.
- the acid-treated PPS resin is preferably washed several times with water or warm water in order to remove residual acid or salt.
- the water used for washing is preferably distilled water or deionized water in the sense that the effect of the preferred chemical modification of the PPS resin by acid treatment is not impaired.
- the method of hot water treatment is as follows.
- the temperature of the hot water is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 150 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 170 ° C. or higher. If the temperature of the hot water is less than 100 ° C., the effect of preferable chemical modification of the PPS resin is small, which is not preferable.
- the water used is preferably distilled water or deionized water.
- the operation of the hot water treatment is not particularly limited, and is performed by a method in which a predetermined amount of PPS resin is put into a predetermined amount of water and heated and stirred in a pressure vessel, or a method of continuously performing hot water treatment.
- the ratio of the PPS resin to water is preferably higher, but usually a bath ratio of 200 g or less of PPS resin is selected for 1 liter of water.
- the treatment atmosphere is an inert atmosphere in order to avoid undesirable decomposition of the end groups.
- the PPS resin after the hot water treatment operation is preferably washed several times with warm water in order to remove remaining components.
- the method of washing with an organic solvent is as follows.
- the organic solvent used for washing the PPS resin is not particularly limited as long as it does not have an action of decomposing the PPS resin.
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, 1,3-dimethylimidazo Nitrogen-containing polar solvents such as ridinone, hexamethylphosphoramide and piperazinones; sulfoxide-sulfone solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfone and sulfolane; ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone and acetophenone; dimethyl ether, di Ether solvents such as propyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran; chloroform, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, ethylene dichloride, perchlorethylene, monochloroethane, dichloroethan
- a method of washing with an organic solvent there is a method of immersing a PPS resin in an organic solvent, and it is possible to appropriately stir or heat as necessary.
- the temperature at which the PPS resin is washed with an organic solvent is not particularly limited, and an arbitrary temperature of about room temperature to about 300 ° C. can be selected. The higher the cleaning temperature, the higher the cleaning efficiency. However, a sufficient effect is usually obtained at a cleaning temperature of room temperature to 150 ° C. It is also possible to wash under pressure in a pressure vessel at a temperature above the boiling point of the organic solvent. There is no particular limitation on the cleaning time. Depending on the cleaning conditions, in the case of batch-type cleaning, a sufficient effect can be obtained usually by cleaning for 5 minutes or more. It is also possible to wash in a continuous manner.
- a PPS resin into which an alkaline earth metal salt such as a calcium salt is introduced may be used.
- the method of adding the alkaline earth metal salt before the above-mentioned previous step, during the previous step and after the step selected from the previous step, before the polymerization step polymerization Examples thereof include a method of adding an alkaline earth metal salt into the polymerization kettle during the process or after the polymerization process, or a method of adding an alkaline earth metal salt at the first, middle or last stage of the washing step.
- the easiest method includes a method of adding an alkaline earth metal salt after removing residual oligomers and residual salts from the PPS resin by organic solvent cleaning or hot water cleaning.
- Alkaline earth metal salts are preferably introduced in the form of alkaline earth metal ions such as acetates, hydroxides and carbonates. It is preferable to remove excess alkaline earth metal salt by washing with warm water.
- the alkaline earth metal ion concentration in the PPS resin is preferably 0.001 mmol or more, more preferably 0.01 mmol or more with respect to 1 g of the PPS resin.
- the PPS resin can be used after having been polymerized to have a high molecular weight by heating in an oxygen atmosphere and thermal oxidation crosslinking treatment by heating with addition of a crosslinking agent such as peroxide.
- the temperature is preferably 160 to 260 ° C, more preferably 170 to 250 ° C.
- the oxygen concentration in the processing atmosphere is desirably 5% by volume or more, and more desirably 8% by volume or more.
- the treatment time is preferably 0.5 to 100 hours, more preferably 1 to 50 hours, and further preferably 2 to 25 hours.
- the heat treatment apparatus may be a normal hot air drier or a rotary type or a heating device with a stirring blade. However, in the case of efficient and more uniform processing, a heating device with a rotary type or a stirring blade is used. Is more preferable.
- dry heat treatment can be performed for the purpose of suppressing thermal oxidative crosslinking and removing volatile matter.
- the temperature is preferably 130 to 250 ° C, more preferably 160 to 250 ° C.
- the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is preferably less than 5% by volume, and more preferably less than 2% by volume.
- the treatment time is preferably 0.5 to 50 hours, more preferably 1 to 20 hours, and even more preferably 1 to 10 hours.
- the heat treatment apparatus may be a normal hot air drier, a rotary type or a heating apparatus with a stirring blade. However, in the case of efficient and more uniform treatment, a heating apparatus with a rotary type or a stirring blade may be used. More preferably it is used.
- the PPS resin is a substantially linear PPS resin that does not undergo high molecular weight by thermal oxidative crosslinking treatment in order to achieve the target of toughness.
- PPS resins include M2588, M2888, M2088, T1881, L2120, L2480, M2100, M2900, E2080, E2180, and E2280 manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.
- the polyetherimide resin referred to in the present invention is a polymer containing an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic ether unit and a cyclic imide group as repeating units. If it is a polymer which has melt moldability, it will not specifically limit. Moreover, as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, the main chain of polyetherimide may contain a structural unit other than cyclic imide and ether bond, for example, an ester unit, an oxycarbonyl unit, and the like.
- polyetherimide a polymer represented by the following general formula is preferably used.
- R 1 is a divalent aromatic residue having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 2 is a divalent aromatic residue having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, 2 to 20 Selected from the group consisting of alkylene groups having 1 carbon atom, cycloalkylene groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and polydiorganosiloxane groups chain-terminated with alkylene groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms It is a divalent organic group.
- R 1 and R 2 for example, a group selected from the following formula group is preferably used.
- 2,2-bis [4- (2,3-dicarboxyphenoxy) phenyl] propane dianhydride and m-phenylene having a structural unit represented by the following formula Diamine or a condensate with p-phenylenediamine is preferably used.
- This polyetherimide is available from SABIC Innovative Plastics under the trade name “Ultem” (registered trademark), and is “Ultem (registered trademark) 1000”, “Ultem (registered trademark) 1010”, “Ultem (registered trademark)”.
- the molecular weight of the polyetherimide resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30,000 to 120,000, more preferably 40,000 to 110,000, and particularly preferably 50,000 to 100,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight measured by GPC-MALLS.
- the use of PEI resin in the range allows high fine dispersion in the PPS resin, and exhibits superior toughness, particularly excellent toughness even at low temperatures, and greatly improves high temperature creep properties. preferable.
- a PEI resin having a weight average molecular weight of less than 30,000 the strength of the obtained molded product is lowered and it is difficult to achieve a high degree of fine dispersion in the PPS resin.
- PEI resins having a weight average molecular weight exceeding 120,000 tend to be inferior in terms of fluidity when a molded product for fluid piping is manufactured by injection molding.
- the weight average molecular weight is a gel permeation chromatograph equipped with a DAWN-DSP type multi-angle light scattering photometer (manufactured by Wyatt Technology) using PEI resin dissolved in dimethylformamide and dimethylformamide as a solvent.
- DAWN-DSP multi-angle light scattering photometer
- the (b) polyethersulfone resin used in the present invention is a generic term for a resin having a skeleton in which an aromatic group is bound by a sulfone group and an ether group.
- examples thereof include polyethersulfone composed of at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas (1) to (3).
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are the same or different aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Ar 3 to Ar 6 are the same or different aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and X is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- Ar 7 to Ar 9 are the same or different aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 that are preferable in the formula (1) are arylene groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and arylene groups having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are more preferable. Specific examples include m-phenylene group, p-phenylene group, dimethyl-p-phenylene group, tetramethyl-p-phenylene group, naphthylene group, biphenylylene group and the like. The case where both Ar 1 and Ar 2 are p-phenylene groups is advantageous from the viewpoint of production and is particularly preferably used.
- Ar 3 to Ar 6 are an arylene group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable. Specific examples include m-phenylene group, p-phenylene group, dimethyl-p-phenylene group, tetramethyl-p-phenylene group, naphthylene group, biphenylylene group and the like. Particularly preferred examples of Ar 3 to Ar 6 include a p-phenylene group.
- X is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, and a group selected from a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aralkylene group. preferable.
- a group selected from a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aralkylene group is preferable.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as methylene group, 1,1-ethylene group, 2,2-propylene group, 2,2-butylene group, 4-methyl-2,2-pentylene group, 1,1- Examples thereof include alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as cyclohexylene group, 3,3,5-trimethyl-1,1-cyclohexylene group, and aralkylene groups such as 1-phenyl-1,1-ethylene group and diphenylmethylene group. .
- 2,2-propylene group is more preferably used.
- Ar 3 to Ar 6 are particularly preferably all p-phenylene groups and X is a 2,2-propylene group.
- preferable Ar 7 and Ar 8 are an arylene group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable. Specific examples include m-phenylene group, p-phenylene group, dimethyl-p-phenylene group, tetramethyl-p-phenylene group, naphthylene group, biphenylylene group and the like. Of these, a p-phenylene group is more preferably used for both Ar 7 and Ar 8 . Further, preferable Ar 9 is an arylene group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- Ar 7 , Ar 8 and Ar 9 are all preferably p-phenylene groups.
- the above polyethersulfone can be polymerized by a known method. For example, it can be obtained by polycondensing a monomer having a hydroxyl group and a halogen group at the terminal in an aprotic polar solvent in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate.
- this polyethersulfone is a trademark of “Sumika Excel®” from Solvay Advanced Polymers, Inc. under the trademark “Radel®”, and from BASF under the trademark “Ultrazone®”. And those commercially available from Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the PPS resin exceeds 99% by weight, the effect of improving toughness is poor.
- the melt fluidity is remarkably impaired.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention PPS resin and PEI resin or PES
- epoxy group-containing compounds include bisphenol A, resorcinol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, bisphenol F, saligenin, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, bisphenol S, trihydroxy-diphenyldimethylmethane, 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl, Glycidyl ethers of bisphenols such as 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, cashew phenol, 2,2,5,5-tetrakis (4-hydroxyphenyl) hexane; those using halogenated bisphenol instead of bisphenol; Glycidyl ether epoxy compounds such as diglycidyl ether; Glycidyl ester compounds such as glycidyl phthalate; Glycidyl amine compounds such as N-glycidyl aniline, etc.
- Glycidyl epoxy resins epoxidized polyolefins, linear epoxy compounds such as epoxidized soybean oil; vinylcyclohexene dioxide, and cyclic non-glycidyl epoxy resins such as dicyclopentadiene dioxide and the like.
- novolac type epoxy resin can be mentioned.
- the novolac type epoxy resin has two or more epoxy groups and is usually obtained by reacting a novolac type phenol resin with epichlorohydrin.
- a novolac type phenol resin is obtained by a condensation reaction of phenols and formaldehyde.
- the raw material phenols are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, bisphenol A, resorcinol, p-tertiary butylphenol, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, and condensates thereof.
- a diisocyanate compound can be preferably used.
- aromatic diisocyanates such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanate benzene, xylylene diisocyanate, and 2,6-naphthalene diisocyanate are particularly preferable.
- alicyclic diisocyanate for example, methylene bis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), isophorone diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane 2,4-diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane 2,6-diisocyanate, cyclohexane 1,4-diisocyanate, hexahydroxylylene diisocyanate, hexahydrotolylene diisocyanate Isocyanates, octahydro 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate and the like can also be used.
- an alkoxysilane compound having at least one group selected from an epoxy group, an amino group, an isocyanate group, and a hydroxy group and at least one alkoxysilane group can be more preferably used.
- Specific examples of such compounds include ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ - (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ - (2-amino Ethyl) aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ - (2-aminoethyl) aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyl Methyldime
- a compound containing two or more epoxy groups, a compound containing two or more isocyanate groups, or an epoxy group is used to develop a stable fine dispersion morphology between a PPS resin and a PEI resin or PES resin.
- Compounds selected from alkoxysilanes and alkoxysilanes containing isocyanate groups are preferred. It is a more preferable form to use these two or more in combination.
- the blending amount of component (c) in the present invention is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 10 parts by weight with respect to a total of 100 parts by weight of (a) PPS resin and (b) PEI resin or PES resin, The range of 5 parts by weight is more preferred, and the range of 0.2 to 3 parts by weight is even more preferred.
- C When the compounding quantity of a component is less than 0.05 weight part, it is difficult to judge the presence or absence of an effect. When the blending amount of component (c) exceeds 10 parts by weight, the melt fluidity is lowered, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of economy.
- the alkoxysilane group is hydrolyzed in the presence of water at the time of melt-kneading or melt-molding, and then the alkoxysilane groups are condensed by a dealcoholization reaction. To do.
- water is added at the time of melt-kneading or melt molding, even when a compound having a low molecular weight and highly volatile alkoxysilane group is used, the condensation reaction of the alkoxysilane group is promoted by the addition of water, so that it has an alkoxysilane group. Volatilization is suppressed by increasing the molecular weight of the compound.
- the addition of water is effective for improving the compatibility between the PPS resin and the PEI resin or PES resin. Therefore, an appropriate amount of water can be preferably used in the present invention.
- the addition amount of water 0.02 part or more is preferable with respect to a total of 100 parts by weight of (a) PPS resin and (b) PEI resin or PES resin. 0 part or more is preferable.
- the upper limit of the amount of water added is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 5 parts from the viewpoint of kneadability and pressure increase in the extruder due to water vapor. Although there is no restriction
- An inorganic filler can also be mix
- Specific examples of the inorganic filler (d) include glass fiber, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, carbon nanohorn, potassium titanate whisker, zinc oxide whisker, calcium carbonate whisker, wollastonite whisker, aluminum borate whisker, aramid fiber, and alumina fiber.
- Fibrous fillers such as silicon carbide fiber, ceramic fiber, asbestos fiber, stone-kow fiber, metal fiber; or fullerene, talc, wollastonite, zeolite, sericite, mica, kaolin, clay, pyrophyllite, silica, bentonite Silicates such as alumina silicate; metal oxides such as silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide and iron oxide; carbonates such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and dolomite Sulfates such as calcium sulfate and barium sulfate; hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide; glass beads, glass flakes, glass powder, ceramic beads, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon black and silica And non-fibrous fillers such as graphite.
- fillers selected from glass fibers, silica and calcium carbonate are preferred, and calcium carbonate and silica are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of the effects of anticorrosive and lubricant.
- These (d) inorganic fillers may be hollow, and two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- These (d) inorganic fillers may be used after pretreatment with a coupling agent such as an isocyanate compound, an organic silane compound, an organic titanate compound, an organic borane compound and an epoxy compound.
- a coupling agent such as an isocyanate compound, an organic silane compound, an organic titanate compound, an organic borane compound and an epoxy compound.
- calcium carbonate, silica, and carbon black are preferable from the viewpoint of anticorrosive, lubricant, and conductivity imparting effect.
- the amount of the inorganic filler is preferably in the range of 30 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight in total of the (a) polyphenylene sulfide resin and the (b) polyetherimide resin or polyethersulfone resin, and less than 10 parts by weight. Is more preferable, the range of less than 1 part by weight is more preferable, and the range of 0.8 part by weight or less is further preferable. Although there is no particular lower limit, 0.01 parts by weight or more is preferable.
- the blending of the inorganic filler is effective for improving the elastic modulus of the material, but a large amount of blending such that the blending amount exceeds 30 parts by weight leads to a large decrease in toughness, which is not preferable.
- the content of the inorganic filler can be appropriately changed depending on the application from the balance between toughness and rigidity.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention a resin other than the PPS resin, the PEI resin and the PES resin may be blended within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
- a resin other than the PPS resin, the PEI resin and the PES resin may be blended within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
- Specific examples thereof include polyamide resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, modified polyphenylene ether resin, polyether sulfone resin, polysulfone resin, polyallyl sulfone resin, polyketone resin, polyarylate resin, liquid crystal polymer, polyether ketone.
- an elastomer component composed of an olefin polymer such as polyethylene having a glass transition temperature of room temperature or lower is blended in a thermoplastic resin composition.
- an olefin polymer such as polyethylene having a glass transition temperature of room temperature or lower is blended in a thermoplastic resin composition.
- addition of an olefin polymer is preferably avoided as much as possible in order to obtain good heat resistant creep characteristics and heat resistant water pressure resistance characteristics.
- other monomers include ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and the like.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention does not contain the olefin elastomer as described above as much as possible. Even if the olefin elastomer is contained, the blending amount thereof is less than 4 parts by weight, preferably 3 parts by weight or less, more preferably as a total of 100 parts by weight of (a) PPS resin and (b) PEI resin or PES resin. 2 parts by weight or less.
- thermoplastic resin composition for the purpose of modifying the thermoplastic resin composition, the following compounds can be added.
- Plasticizers such as polyalkylene oxide oligomers, thioether compounds, ester compounds, and organic phosphorus compounds; crystal nucleating agents such as organic phosphorus compounds and polyether ether ketones; metal soaps such as montanic acid waxes, lithium stearate, and aluminum stearate; Release agents such as ethylenediamine / stearic acid / sebacic acid polycondensate and silicone compounds; anti-coloring agents such as hypophosphites; and other normal additions such as water, lubricants, UV inhibitors, coloring agents and foaming agents An agent can be blended. If the amount of the compound added exceeds 20% by weight of the entire thermoplastic resin composition, the original characteristics of the PPS resin are impaired, which is not preferable. More preferably, the addition amount is 10% by weight or less, more preferably 1% by weight or less.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention a thermoplastic resin that exhibits excellent toughness even in a low-temperature environment by melting and kneading each component while stretching and flowing, and excellent in high-temperature creep characteristics A composition can be obtained.
- the extension flow is a flow method in which molten resin is stretched in two flows flowing in opposite directions.
- the shear flow used for general melt-kneading is a flow method in which the melted resin undergoes deformation in two flows having different velocities in the same direction.
- Extensional flow has higher dispersion efficiency than shear flow.
- PPS resin and PES resin essentially incompatible resins are alloyed and island components are to be highly finely dispersed, for example, some reaction is involved. is required.
- it has been found that such fine dispersion can be efficiently carried out by melt-kneading each component while stretching and flowing.
- melt kneading using an extruder provided with a zone for melting and kneading while stretching and flowing (hereinafter referred to as an extension and flow zone) is preferably used.
- the extruder include a single screw extruder, a twin screw extruder, and a multi-screw extruder having three or more axes.
- a single screw extruder and a twin screw extruder are preferably used.
- the screw of the twin-screw extruder is not particularly limited, and a fully meshed type, an incomplete meshed type, a non-meshed type screw, etc. can be used.
- the rotation direction of the screw may be either the same direction or a different direction, but from the viewpoint of kneadability and reactivity, the rotation is preferably the same direction.
- the most preferred screw is a co-rotating fully meshed type.
- the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone is preferably 50 to 1000 kg / cm 2 (4.9 to 98 MPa).
- the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone is a parameter representing the degree to which extension flow is formed. The larger the pressure of the molten resin after the extension flow zone is, the lower the pressure of the molten resin before the extension flow zone is, indicating that the extension flow is formed. Conversely, a small pressure drop across the stretch flow zone indicates that less stretch flow is formed.
- the inflow effect pressure drop can be obtained by subtracting the pressure value (P 0 ) of the molten resin in the extension flow zone from the pressure value (P) of the molten resin before the extension flow zone.
- the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone is less than 50 kg / cm 2 (4.9 MPa), the rate of formation of extension flow in the extension flow zone is low, and the pressure distribution is not uniform. This is not preferable because of the occurrence of crystallization.
- the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone is larger than 1000 kg / cm 2 (98.1 MPa), the back pressure in the extruder becomes too large, which is not preferable because stable production becomes difficult.
- the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone is preferably in the range of 70 to 600 kg / cm 2 (6.9 to 58.8 MPa), and in the range of 90 to 600 kg / cm 2 (8.8 to 58.8 MPa). Is more preferable, and the range of 100 to 500 kg / cm 2 (9.8 to 49.0 MPa) is most preferable.
- the extension flow zone of the twin screw extruder is preferably arranged over the entire region without being unevenly distributed at a specific position in the screw.
- the ratio of the total length of the extension flow zone to the total length of the screw of the extruder is The range is preferably 5 to 60%, more preferably 10 to 55%, and still more preferably 15 to 50%.
- the total length of the extension flow zones is the total length of all extension flow zones when the extruder has a plurality of extension flow zones.
- Lk the length of one extension flow zone in the screw of the extruder
- D the screw diameter
- Lk / D 0.2 to 10. More preferably, it is 0.3-9, and still more preferably 0.5-8.
- a specific method for realizing the extension flow zone is to provide a kneading zone composed of a twist kneading disk as shown in FIG.
- the twist kneading disc is different from the ordinary kneading disc shown in FIG. 2 in that the top of the kneading disc is inclined with respect to the screw axis, and each kneading disc is twisted one by one. I am doing.
- the angle formed by the top of the kneading disc on the front end side of the screw and the top of the rear surface side with respect to the central axis of the screw is referred to as a spiral angle ⁇ .
- the spiral angle ⁇ is preferably in the range of 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° in the counter-rotating direction of the screw.
- the screw is a flight screw, and a resin passage having a reduced cross-sectional area from the screw front end side to the rear end side is formed in the flight portion of the flight screw.
- the extrusion amount of the thermoplastic resin composition with respect to 1 rpm of the screw is preferably 0.01 kg / h or more.
- the extrusion amount is an extrusion speed of the thermoplastic resin composition discharged from the extruder, and is a weight (kg) of the thermoplastic resin composition discharged from the extruder per hour. If the amount of extrusion of the thermoplastic resin composition with respect to 1 rpm of the screw is less than 0.01 kg / h, the amount of extrusion with respect to the number of rotations is not sufficient, and the residence time in the extruder becomes too long, causing thermal deterioration.
- the extrusion rate is more preferably 0.1 kg / h or more, further preferably 0.15 kg / h or more, and particularly preferably 0.2 kg / h or more.
- limiting in particular as a rotational speed of a screw Usually, 10 rpm or more, Preferably it is 50 rpm or more, More preferably, it is 80 rpm or more.
- the residence time of the thermoplastic resin composition in the extruder is preferably 0.1 to 20 minutes.
- the residence time is the time from when the raw material is supplied to the extruder until it is discharged from the discharge port of the extruder.
- the residence time can be measured as follows. The colorant is introduced together with the raw material from the position of the screw base to which the raw material is supplied. Measure the time from when the colorant is added until the thermoplastic resin composition is extruded from the discharge port of the extruder and the coloration degree by the colorant to the extrudate becomes maximum, and the time is the residence time.
- the residence time is less than 0.1 minute, the reaction time in the extruder is short, the reaction is not sufficiently promoted, and the properties of the thermoplastic resin composition (balance of heat resistance, impact resistance, etc.) are improved. Is difficult to realize.
- the residence time is more preferably 0.3 to 15 minutes, and further preferably 0.5 to 5 minutes.
- the resin temperature at the time of mixing is preferably (a) the melting peak temperature of the PPS resin + 10 to 70 ° C.
- the resin temperature during mixing is more preferably (a) the melting peak temperature of the PPS resin + 10 to 40 ° C., particularly preferably (a) the melting peak temperature of the PPS resin + 10 to 30 ° C.
- melt and knead the (a) PPS resin and (b) PEI resin or PES resin once and then melt and knead once or more.
- the upper limit of the number of kneading is not particularly limited, but once melt-kneading, it is preferable to knead once to three times from the viewpoint of improving toughness and economy.
- thermoplastic resin composition containing (b) a PEI resin or a PES resin at a concentration higher than the desired ratio by melt kneading, when (k) the PPS resin is further melted and kneaded once or more, It is also possible to mix and dilute (b) PEI resin or PES resin to a desired ratio. In this case, since all the raw materials are kneaded twice or more, the kneading amount is small, which is preferable from the viewpoint of economy. Further, according to this method, by blending (a) PPS resins having different melt viscosities, it is possible to freely control the fluidity of the thermoplastic resin composition to be finally produced. A complicated member for fluid piping can be easily manufactured by injection molding or the like.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention produced by the above method can achieve both low temperature toughness and high temperature creep properties.
- the low temperature toughness is evaluated by the low temperature tensile elongation at a temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. That is, an ASTM No. 4 dumbbell piece obtained by molding a thermoplastic resin composition using a tensile tester was evaluated by a tensile elongation measured in accordance with ASTM-D638 at a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and an ambient temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. To do. Detailed measurement conditions will be described later.
- a thermoplastic resin composition having a low-temperature tensile elongation of 15% or more can be obtained, preferably 20% or more, more preferably 25% or more. There is no upper limit to the preferred low temperature tensile elongation, but about 100% is the upper limit.
- the high temperature creep property is obtained by conducting a 100-hour tensile creep test on ASTM No. 4 dumbbell pieces obtained by molding a thermoplastic resin composition under an atmosphere temperature of 80 ° C. and a tensile stress of 20 MPa in accordance with ASTM-D2990.
- the amount of tensile creep strain obtained by dividing the displacement at that time by the distance between the fulcrums is evaluated. Detailed measurement conditions will be described later. It means that the smaller the amount of tensile creep strain, the better the high temperature creep property.
- a thermoplastic resin composition having a tensile creep strain of 2.8% or less can be obtained, preferably 2.5% or less, more preferably 2.0% or less, especially 1.5% or less. You can get things.
- the lower limit of the amount of tensile creep strain in this test is not particularly limited, but about 1.0% is the lower limit.
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is particularly useful for injection molding applications, extrusion molding applications such as injection moldings, films, sheets and fibers because it has excellent toughness, low gas generation during heat-melting and excellent processability. is there.
- thermoplastic composition of the present invention can be applied to various uses.
- An example of such an application is shown below.
- Equipment parts sensors, LED lamps, connectors, sockets, resistors, relay cases, small switches, coil bobbins, capacitors, variable capacitor cases, optical pickups, oscillators, various terminal boards, transformers, plugs, printed circuit boards, tuners, speakers, Microphones, headphones, small motors, magnetic head bases, power modules, semiconductors, liquid crystals, FDD carriages, FDD chassis, motor brush holders, parabolic antennas, electronic components such as computer-related parts; VTR parts, TV parts, irons, F -Dryers, rice cooker parts, microwave oven parts, acoustic parts, audio equipment parts such as audio / laser disks / compact disks, lighting parts, refrigerator parts, air conditioner parts, typewriter parts, word processor parts, etc.
- Optical equipment and precision machinery related parts such as: alternator terminal, alternator connector, IC regulator, light dimmer potentiometer base, various valves such as exhaust gas valves, fuel-related / exhaust / intake system pipes, air-in The Nozzle snorkel, intake manifold, fuel pump, engine coolant joint, carburetor main body, carburetor spacer, exhaust gas sensor, coolant sensor, oil temperature sensor, brake pad wear sensor, throttle position sensor, crankshaft position sensor, air flow meter , Brake pad wear sensor, thermostat base for air conditioner, heating hot air flow control valve, brush holder for radiator motor, water pump impeller, turbine vane, wiper motor related parts, distributor, starter switch, starter relay, transmission wire harness , Window washer nozzle, air conditioner panel switch board, fuel Coil for
- thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention exhibits excellent toughness even in a low-temperature environment and is excellent in high-temperature creep characteristics. Therefore, it is a member for fluid piping having a wide range of application regardless of indoor / outdoor installation locations. It is useful as piping for water heaters, valve members and the like.
- thermoplastic resin composition to be measured was performed at a resin temperature of 310 ° C. and a mold temperature of 130 ° C., and the ASTM No. 4 dumbbell piece and the fluid piping shown in FIG. A member was obtained.
- the reaction vessel was cooled to 160 ° C.
- the amount of water remaining in the system per mole of the charged alkali metal sulfide was 1.06 mol including the water consumed for the hydrolysis of NMP.
- the amount of hydrogen sulfide scattered was 0.02 mol per mol of the charged alkali metal sulfide.
- the contents were taken out and diluted with 26300 g of NMP, and the solvent and solid matter were filtered off with a sieve (80 mesh).
- the obtained particles were washed with 31900 g of NMP and then filtered off.
- the obtained particles were repeatedly washed and filtered with 56000 g of ion exchange water several times, then washed with 70000 g of 0.05 wt% aqueous acetic acid and filtered.
- grains with 70000g ion-exchange water and filtering the obtained water-containing PPS particle
- the obtained PPS resin had a melt viscosity of 200 Pa ⁇ s (310 ° C., shear rate of 1000 / s).
- PEI resin PEI-1 “Ultem (registered trademark)” 1000 (manufactured by Sabic Innovative Plastics) having a glass transition temperature of 217 ° C. was used. The weight average molecular weight of the PEI resin-1 was 58,000.
- PEI-2 “Ultem (registered trademark)” 1010 (manufactured by Sabic Innovative Plastics) having a glass transition temperature of 217 ° C. was used. The weight average molecular weight of the PEI resin-2 was 41,000.
- PEI-3 “Ultem (registered trademark)” XH6050 (manufactured by Sabic Strategic Plastics) having a glass transition temperature of 247 ° C. was used. The weight average molecular weight of the PEI resin-3 was 60000.
- PES resin PES-1 “SUMICA EXCEL (registered trademark)” 5003P (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a glass transition temperature of 220 ° C. was used. The weight average molecular weight of the PES resin-1 was 72,000.
- the melt-kneaded thermoplastic resin composition was discharged from the discharge port of the extruder, cooled, and then pelletized by a strand cutter.
- Table 1 shows the results of the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the extension flow zone by subtracting the pressure value (P 0 ) in the extension flow zone from the pressure value (P) before the twist kneading disc. did.
- the pellets dried overnight at 130 ° C. were subjected to the above injection molding to obtain each molded piece.
- the cylinder temperature was set to 300 ° C.
- the screw rotation speed was 300 rpm
- 20 kg while the volatile matter was removed by the vacuum pump and the nitrogen flow was introduced from the screw root position.
- Melt kneading was performed at an extrusion rate of / h.
- the melt-kneaded thermoplastic resin composition was discharged from the discharge port of the extruder, cooled, and then pelletized by a strand cutter.
- the pressure value (P 0 ) in the kneading zone was obtained from the pressure value (P) in front of the kneading disc, the inflow effect pressure drop before and after the kneading zone was obtained. It was less than 2 .
- the pellets dried overnight at 130 ° C. were subjected to the above injection molding to obtain each molded piece.
- thermoplastic resin compositions mainly composed of PPS resin and PEI resin produced by the specific melt-kneading method of the present invention are produced by a conventional melt-kneading method. It can be seen that, as compared with the thermoplastic resin composition, excellent low temperature toughness at ⁇ 20 ° C. is exhibited, and at the same time, high resistance to high temperature tensile creep at 80 ° C. is exhibited. Moreover, it turns out that the member for fluid piping which consists of a thermoplastic resin composition of this invention shows a very favorable result in a hot-water pressure test. That is, it can be seen that melt kneading while stretching and flowing is necessary in order to exhibit the effects of the present invention.
- Examples 14 to 17 and Comparative Examples 10 to 11 show that excellent low temperature toughness and high temperature creep characteristics are exhibited even when PES resin is used instead of PEI resin.
- thermoplastic resin composition of Comparative Example 4 produced by the conventional melt-kneading method, almost no sulfur atoms derived from the PPS resin are observed in the dispersed phase (PEI resin).
- thermoplastic resin composition of Example 6 produced by the specific melt-kneading method of the present invention the PPS resin-derived sulfur atom is observed relatively strongly in the PEI resin phase which is the dispersed phase.
- the PEI resin phase It shows that a unique morphology in which the PPS resin is present at a high concentration is formed.
- Such a unique morphology is presumed to be a factor that can achieve both the excellent flexibility of exhibiting a large tensile elongation even at a low temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. and the high rigidity contradictory properties of being difficult to undergo creep deformation even at a high temperature of 80 ° C. .
- thermoplastic resin composition that is extremely excellent in toughness typified by tensile elongation, expresses sufficient toughness especially in a low temperature region, and at the same time has excellent high-temperature creep characteristics that are indicators of heat resistance and durability. can get.
- a molded product made of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is suitable as a member for fluid piping.
- it is useful as a member whose applicable temperature range is greatly expanded regardless of whether the installation location is outdoor or indoor.
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Abstract
Description
(1)(a)ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂および(b)ポリエーテルイミド樹脂またはポリエーテルスルホン樹脂を溶融混練して熱可塑性樹脂組成物を製造する方法であって、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物が前記(a)成分と前記(b)成分の合計を100重量%として(a)成分99~1重量%、および(b)成分1~99重量%を含み、溶融混練工程が、伸張流動しつつ溶融混練するゾーンである伸張流動ゾーンを設けた押出機により溶融混練する工程であり、かつ、該伸張流動ゾーン前後での流入効果圧力降下が50~1000kg/cm2である熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法。
(2)(a)ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂、および(b)ポリエーテルイミド樹脂またはポリエーテルスルホン樹脂を含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物であって、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物が前記(a)成分と前記(b)成分の合計を100重量%として(a)成分99~1重量%、および(b)成分1~99重量%を含み、かつ、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物が下記条件を満たす熱可塑性樹脂組成物;
(i)ASTM4号ダンベル片を用い、引張速度10mm/min、雰囲気温度-20℃の条件で、ASTM-D638に従い測定した引張伸度が15%以上である;かつ、
(ii)ASTM4号ダンベル片を用い、雰囲気温度80℃、引張応力20MPaの条件で、ASTM-D2990に従い、引張クリープ試験を行い、試験開始から100時間経過した後の引張クリープ歪が2.8%以下である。
(3) (2)の熱可塑性樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
1.(a)PPS樹脂
本発明で用いられる(a)PPS樹脂は、下記構造式(I)で示される繰り返し単位を有する重合体である。
ポリハロゲン化芳香族化合物とは、1分子中にハロゲン原子を2個以上有する芳香族化合物をいう。具体例としては、p-ジクロロベンゼン、m-ジクロロベンゼン、o-ジクロロベンゼン、1,3,5-トリクロロベンゼン、1,2,4-トリクロロベンゼン、1,2,4,5-テトラクロロベンゼン、ヘキサクロロベンゼン、2,5-ジクロロトルエン、2,5-ジクロロ-p-キシレン、1,4-ジブロモベンゼン、1,4-ジヨードベンゼン、1-メトキシ-2,5-ジクロロベンゼンなどが挙げられる。好ましくはp-ジクロロベンゼンが用いられる。また、異なる2種以上のポリハロゲン化芳香族化合物を組み合わせて共重合体を得ることも可能であるが、p-ジハロゲン化芳香族化合物を主要成分とすることが好ましい。
スルフィド化剤としては、アルカリ金属硫化物、アルカリ金属水硫化物、および硫化水素が挙げられる。
重合溶媒としては有機極性溶媒を用いるのが好ましい。具体例としては、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N-エチル-2-ピロリドンなどのN-アルキルピロリドン類;N-メチル-ε-カプロラクタムなどのカプロラクタム類;1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、ヘキサメチルリン酸トリアミド、ジメチルスルホン、テトラメチレンスルホキシドなどに代表されるアプロチック有機溶媒;およびこれらの混合物などが挙げられる。これらはいずれも反応の安定性が高いために好ましく使用される。これらのなかでも、特にN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(以下、NMPと略記することもある)が好ましく用いられる。
生成するPPS樹脂の不活性末端を形成させる、あるいは重合反応や分子量を調節するなどのために、モノハロゲン化合物(必ずしも芳香族化合物でなくともよい)を、上記ポリハロゲン化芳香族化合物と併用することができる。
比較的高重合度のPPS樹脂をより短時間で得るために重合助剤を用いることも好ましい態様の一つである。ここで重合助剤とは、得られるPPS樹脂の粘度を増大させる作用を有する物質を意味する。このような重合助剤の具体例としては、例えば有機カルボン酸塩、水、アルカリ金属塩化物、有機スルホン酸塩、硫酸アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ土類金属酸化物、アルカリ金属リン酸塩およびアルカリ土類金属リン酸塩などが挙げられる。これらは単独でも、2種以上を同時に用いることもできる。なかでも、有機カルボン酸塩、水、およびアルカリ金属塩化物が好ましい。有機カルボン酸塩としてはアルカリ金属カルボン酸塩が、アルカリ金属塩化物としては塩化リチウムが好ましい。
重合反応系を安定化し、副反応を防止するために、重合安定剤を用いることもできる。重合安定剤は、重合反応系の安定化に寄与し、望ましくない副反応を抑制する。副反応の一つの目安としては、チオフェノールの生成が挙げられ、重合安定剤の添加によりチオフェノールの生成を抑えることができる。重合安定剤の具体例としては、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ金属炭酸塩、アルカリ土類金属水酸化物、およびアルカリ土類金属炭酸塩などの化合物が挙げられる。そのなかでも、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、および水酸化リチウムなどのアルカリ金属水酸化物が好ましい。上述のアルカリ金属カルボン酸塩も重合安定剤として作用するので、重合安定剤の一つに入る。また、スルフィド化剤としてアルカリ金属水硫化物を用いる場合には、アルカリ金属水酸化物を同時に使用することが特に好ましいことを前述したが、ここでスルフィド化剤に対して過剰となるアルカリ金属水酸化物も重合安定剤となり得る。
PPS樹脂の製造方法において、スルフィド化剤は通常水和物の形で使用される。ポリハロゲン化芳香族化合物を添加する前に、重合溶媒とスルフィド化剤を含む混合物を昇温し、過剰量の水を系外に除去することが好ましい。
重合溶媒中でスルフィド化剤とポリハロゲン化芳香族化合物とを200℃以上290℃以下の温度範囲内で反応させることによりPPS樹脂を製造する。
(A)ポリハロゲン化芳香族化合物をアルカリ金属硫化物に対しモル比で過剰に添加した場合
転化率=〔PHA仕込み量(モル)-PHA残存量(モル)〕/〔PHA仕込み量(モル)-PHA過剰量(モル)〕
(B)上記(A)以外の場合
転化率=〔PHA仕込み量(モル)-PHA残存量(モル)〕/〔PHA仕込み量(モル)〕。
PPS樹脂の製造方法においては、重合終了後に、得られた重合体および重合溶媒などを含む重合反応物から固形物を回収する。PPS樹脂は、公知の如何なる回収方法を採用しても良い。
PPS樹脂は、上記重合工程および回収工程を経て生成された後、酸処理、熱水処理または有機溶媒による洗浄を施されてもよい。
本発明で言うポリエーテルイミド樹脂とは、脂肪族、脂環族または芳香族系のエーテル単位と環状イミド基を繰り返し単位として含有するポリマーである。溶融成形性を有するポリマーで有れば特に限定されない。また、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で有れば、ポリエーテルイミドの主鎖に環状イミド、エーテル結合以外の構造単位、例えば、エステル単位、オキシカルボニル単位等が含有されていても良い。
(b)ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂
本発明で用いられる(b)ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂とは、芳香族基がスルホン基およびエーテル基により結合された骨格を有するものを総称する。例えば、下記一般式(1)~(3)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の繰り返し単位からなるポリエーテルスルホンが挙げられる。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物においては、PPS樹脂とPEI樹脂またはPES樹脂との相溶性をより向上させる目的で、(c)エポキシ基、アミノ基、イソシアネート基、ヒドロキシ基およびアルコキシシラン基から選ばれる基を1分子中に2個以上有する化合物をさらに含むことが好ましい。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で(d)無機フィラーを配合することも可能である。かかる(d)無機フィラーの具体例としては、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーン、チタン酸カリウムウィスカ、酸化亜鉛ウィスカ、炭酸カルシウムウィスカー、ワラステナイトウィスカー、硼酸アルミニウムウィスカ、アラミド繊維、アルミナ繊維、炭化珪素繊維、セラミック繊維、アスベスト繊維、石コウ繊維、金属繊維などの繊維状充填材;あるいはフラーレン、タルク、ワラステナイト、ゼオライト、セリサイト、マイカ、カオリン、クレー、パイロフィライト、シリカ、ベントナイト、アスベスト;アルミナシリケートなどの珪酸塩;酸化珪素、酸化マグネシウム、アルミナ、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、酸化鉄などの金属酸化物;炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、ドロマイトなどの炭酸塩;硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムなどの硫酸塩;水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウムなどの水酸化物;ガラスビーズ、ガラスフレーク、ガラス粉、セラミックビーズ、窒化ホウ素、炭化珪素、カーボンブラックおよびシリカ、黒鉛などの非繊維状充填材が挙げられる。なかでもガラス繊維、シリカおよび炭酸カルシウムから選ばれる充填材が好ましく、さらに炭酸カルシウムやシリカが、防食剤および滑剤の効果の点から特に好ましい。またこれらの(d)無機フィラーは中空であってもよく、さらに2種類以上併用することも可能である。また、これらの(d)無機フィラーをイソシアネート化合物、有機シラン化合物、有機チタネート化合物、有機ボラン化合物およびエポキシ化合物などのカップリング剤で予備処理して使用してもよい。中でも炭酸カルシウムやシリカ、カーボンブラックが、防食剤、滑剤、導電性付与の効果の点から好ましい。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物を製造する際には、各成分を伸張流動しつつ溶融混練することによって、低温環境下でも優れた靱性を発現し、高温クリープ特性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂組成物を得ることができる。ここで、伸張流動とは、反対方向に流れる2つの流れの中で、溶融した樹脂が引き伸ばされる流動方法のことである。一方、一般的な溶融混練に用いられる剪断流動は、同一方向で速度の異なる2つの流れの中で、溶融した樹脂が変形を受ける流動方法のことである。
上記の方法で製造された本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、低温靭性および高温クリープ特性を両立することができる。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、靭性に極めて優れ、加熱溶融時のガス発生量が少なく加工性に優れることから射出成形体用途、フィルム、シート、繊維などの押出成形用途に特に有用である。
ジメチルホルムアミドを溶媒として、DAWN-DSP型多角度光散乱光度計(Wyatt Technology社製)を備えたゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフ(ポンプ:515型,Waters社製、カラム:TSK-gel-GMHXL,東ソー社製)を用いて、重量平均分子量(絶対分子量)を測定した。
示差走査熱量計(Perkin Elmer社製DSC-7型)を用い、窒素雰囲気下、20℃/minの昇温速度で測定した。
キャピログラフ(東洋精機製作所製、オリフィス L/D=10mm/1mm)を用いて、測定温度310℃、剪断速度1000/sの条件下での溶融粘度を測定した。
住友-ネスタール射出成形機SG75を用い、樹脂温度310℃、金型温度130℃で、測定対象となる熱可塑性樹脂組成物の射出成形を実施し、ASTM4号ダンベル片および図3に示す流体配管用部材を得た。
テンシロンUTA2.5T引張試験機を用い、上記射出成形により得られたASTM4号ダンベル片の引張試験を行った。測定は、引張速度10mm/min、チャック間距離64mm、雰囲気温度23℃の条件で、ASTM-D638(2003)に従って行い、破断までの変位量を引張伸度とした。5回の測定の平均値を引張伸度の値とした。
テンシロンUTA2.5T引張試験機を用い、上記射出成形により得られたASTM4号ダンベル片の低温引張試験を行った。測定は、引張速度10mm/min、チャック間距離64mm、雰囲気温度-20℃の条件で、ASTM-D638(2003)に従って行い、破断までの変位量を引張伸度とした。なお、実施例記載の低温引張伸度は、5回の測定の平均値である。
上記射出成形により得られた片方にゲートを有するASTM4号ダンベル片の、引張クリープ試験を、チャック間距離65mm、雰囲気温度80℃、引張応力20MPaの条件で、ASTM-D2990(2003)に従い行った。試験開始から100時間経過した後の変位量を支点間距離で割った値を引張クリープ歪みとした。なお、実施例記載の引張クリープ歪みは、5回の測定の平均値である。
射出成形で得た図3に示す流体配管用部材の筒状部に容積の50%の水を入れ、両端をゴム栓で密閉した後、周囲を針金で縛り容器内の内圧が上がった際にも、ゴム栓が外れない状態にして測定サンプルとした。その測定サンプルを110℃に加温した熱風オーブン中に100時間置いた後、取り出し、流体配管用部材の割れやヒビの有無を調べた。割れやヒビの無いものを良、割れやヒビが生じたものについては不良として表1に記載した。
射出成形で得た図3に示す流体配管用部材の筒状部に容積の95%の水を入れ、両端をゴム栓で密閉した後、周囲を針金で縛り容器内の内圧が上がった際にも、ゴム栓が外れない状態にして測定サンプルとした。その測定サンプルを-20℃の冷却槽中に2時間置いた後、取り出し、流体配管用部材の割れやヒビの有無を調べた。割れやヒビの無いものを良、割れやヒビが生じたものについては不良として表1には記載した。
撹拌機付きの70リットルオートクレーブに、47.5%水硫化ナトリウム8267.37g(70.00モル)、96%水酸化ナトリウム2957.21g(70.97モル)、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)11434.50g(115.50モル)、酢酸ナトリウム2583.00g(31.50モル)、およびイオン交換水10500gを仕込み、常圧で窒素を通じながら245℃まで約3時間かけて徐々に加熱し、水14780.1gおよびNMP280gを留出した後、反応容器を160℃に冷却した。仕込みアルカリ金属硫化物1モル当たりの系内残存水分量は、NMPの加水分解に消費された水分を含めて1.06モルであった。また、硫化水素の飛散量は、仕込みアルカリ金属硫化物1モル当たり0.02モルであった。
酢酸ナトリウムの仕込み量を1639.99g(20.0モル)に変更した以外は参考例1と同様の操作を行い、得られたPPS樹脂は、溶融粘度が130Pa・s(310℃、剪断速度1000/s)であった。
PEI-1:ガラス転移温度が217℃の“ウルテム(登録商標)” 1000(Sabic Innovative Plastics社製)を使用した。該PEI樹脂-1の重量平均分子量は、58000であった。
PEI-2:ガラス転移温度が217℃の“ウルテム(登録商標)” 1010(Sabic Innovative Plastics社製)を使用した。該PEI樹脂-2の重量平均分子量は、41000であった。
PEI-3:ガラス転移温度が247℃の“ウルテム(登録商標)” XH6050(Sabic Innovative Plastics社製)を使用した。該PEI樹脂-3の重量平均分子量は、60000であった。
PES-1:ガラス転移温度が220℃の“スミカエクセル(登録商標)” 5003P(住友化学社製)を使用した。該PES樹脂-1の重量平均分子量は、72000であった。
押出機として、スクリュー径30mm、L/D=45の同方向回転完全噛み合い型二軸押出機(日本製鋼所社製、TEX-30α)を使用した。スクリューは2条ネジの2本のスクリューを使用した。また、スクリュー構成として、スクリューの根本から先端に向かって、L/D=14、23、30の位置から、それぞれ、Lk/D=4.0、4.0、5.0の長さの伸張流動ゾーンを設けた。伸張流動ゾーンには、ニーディングディスク先端側の頂部とその後面側の頂部との角度である螺旋角度θが、スクリューの反回転方向に20°としたツイストニーディングディスク(図1)を使用した。スクリュー全長に対する伸張流動ゾーンの合計長さの割合は、29%であった。本スクリュー構成をA-1とした。表1に示す配合割合で原料を混合してスクリュー根本の位置から押出機に投入し、真空ポンプによる揮発分の除去および窒素フローを行いながら、シリンダー温度300℃、表1に示すスクリュー回転数および押出量で溶融混練を行った。溶融混練された熱可塑性樹脂組成物は押出機の吐出口より吐出され、冷却された後、ストランドカッターによりペレット化された。ツイストニーディングディスクの手前の圧力値(P)から、伸張流動ゾーン内での圧力値(P0)を差し引くことで、伸張流動ゾーン前後での流入効果圧力降下を求めた結果を表1に記載した。130℃で一晩乾燥したペレットを前記の射出成形に供し、各成形片を得た。
スクリュー構成として、スクリューの根本から先端に向かって、L/D=14、23、30、35の位置から、Lk/D=4.0、2.0、2.0、1.0の長さの伸張流動ゾーンを設けた。伸張流動ゾーンには、ニーディングディスク先端側の頂部とその後面側の頂部との角度である螺旋角度θが、スクリューの反回転方向に20°としたツイストニーディングディスク(図1)を使用した。本スクリュー構成をA-2とした。スクリュー全長に対する伸張流動ゾーンの合計長さの割合は20%であった。それら以外は、実施例1と同様にして溶融混練を実施した。ツイストニーディングディスクの手前の圧力値(P)から、伸張流動ゾーン内での圧力値(P0)を差し引くことで、伸張流動ゾーン前後での流入効果圧力降下を求めた結果を表1に記載した。
押出機として、スクリュー径30mm、L/D=45の同方向回転完全噛み合い型二軸押出機(日本製鋼所社製、TEX-30α)を使用した。スクリューは2条ネジの2本のスクリューを使用した。スクリュー構成として、スクリューの根本から先端に向かって、L/D=14、23、30の位置から、一般のニーディングディスク(図2)(L/D=4.0、4.0、5.0)を設けた。本スクリュー構成をB-1とした。スクリュー全長に対する伸張流動ゾーンの合計長さの割合は0%であった。表2に示す割合で原料をドライブレンドした後、スクリュー根本の位置から押出機に投入し、真空ポンプによる揮発分の除去および窒素フローを行いながら、シリンダー温度を300℃、スクリュー回転数300rpm、20kg/hの押出量で溶融混練を行った。溶融混練された熱可塑性樹脂組成物は押出機の吐出口より吐出され、冷却された後、ストランドカッターによりペレット化された。ニーディングディスクの手前の圧力値(P)から、ニーディングゾーン内での圧力値(P0)を差し引くことで、ニーディングゾーン前後での流入効果圧力降下を求めた結果、いずれも5kg/cm2未満であった。130℃で一晩乾燥したペレットを前記の射出成形に供し、各成形片を得た。
実施例6および比較例4で得られた射出成形試験片の中央部を樹脂の流れ方向に対して直角方向に切断し、その断面の中心部から、-20℃で0.1μm以下の薄片を切削した。得られた薄片を、エネルギー分散型X線分光器(EDX、JEOL製JED-2300T)を兼備した電界放出型電子顕微鏡(HRTEM、JEOL製JEM2100F)にて、1万倍に拡大して観察した。得られた電子顕微鏡写真を図4の上部に示す。また、連続相(PPS樹脂)と分散相(PEI樹脂)の界面部を中心とする距離200nmの部分を2nm間隔で走査し、各部での硫黄原子検出強度を測定した。硫黄原子検出強度を縦軸として表したグラフを図4の下部に示す。従来の溶融混練法で製造された比較例4の熱可塑性樹脂組成物においては、分散相(PEI樹脂)には、PPS樹脂由来の硫黄原子はほとんど観測されない。それに対して本発明の特定の溶融混練法で製造された実施例6の熱可塑性樹脂組成物においては、PPS樹脂由来の硫黄原子が分散相であるPEI樹脂相にも比較的強く観測される。このことは、PPS樹脂とPEI樹脂は、本質的には非相溶であるにもかかわらず、本発明の特定の溶融混練法で製造された熱可塑性樹脂組成物においては、PEI樹脂相にもPPS樹脂が高濃度で存在する特異なモルフォロジーが形成されていることを示している。このような特異なモルフォロジーが、-20℃の低温でも大きな引張伸度を示すという優れた柔軟さと、80℃の高温でもクリープ変形し難いという高い剛性の相反する特性を両立できる要因と推定される。
2 ディスク後面側の頂部
3 スクリューの回転方向
Claims (11)
- (a)ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂および(b)ポリエーテルイミド樹脂またはポリエーテルスルホン樹脂を溶融混練して熱可塑性樹脂組成物を製造する方法であって、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物が前記(a)成分と前記(b)成分の合計を100重量%として(a)成分99~1重量%、および(b)成分1~99重量%を含み、溶融混練工程が、伸張流動しつつ溶融混練するゾーンである伸張流動ゾーンを設けた押出機により溶融混練する工程であり、かつ、該伸張流動ゾーン前後での流入効果圧力降下が50~1000kg/cm2である熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記押出機のスクリューの全長に対する前記伸張流動ゾーンの合計の長さの割合が、5~60%である請求項1記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記押出機のスクリューにおける一つの伸張流動ゾーンの長さをLkとし、スクリュー直径をDとするとき、Lk/D=0.2~10を満たす請求項1~2のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- (a)ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂、および(b)ポリエーテルイミド樹脂またはポリエーテルスルホン樹脂を含む熱可塑性樹脂組成物であって、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物が前記(a)成分と前記(b)成分の合計を100重量%として(a)成分99~1重量%、および(b)成分1~99重量%を含み、かつ、該熱可塑性樹脂組成物が下記条件を満たす熱可塑性樹脂組成物;
(i)ASTM4号ダンベル片を用い、引張速度10mm/min、雰囲気温度-20℃の条件で、ASTM-D638に従い測定した引張伸度が15%以上である;かつ、
(ii)ASTM4号ダンベル片を用い、雰囲気温度80℃、引張応力20MPaの条件で、ASTM-D2990に従い、引張クリープ試験を行い、試験開始から100時間経過した後の引張クリープ歪が2.8%以下である。 - (a)ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂99~60重量%、および(b)ポリエーテルイミド樹脂またはポリエーテルスルホン樹脂1~40重量%を含む請求項4記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- (c)エポキシ基、アミノ基、イソシアネート基、ヒドロキシ基およびアルコキシシラン基から選ばれる基を1分子中に2個以上含む化合物をさらに含み、前記(a)成分と前記(b)成分の合計を100重量部として、(c)成分の配合量が0.05~10重量部である請求項4~5のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- (c)成分が、エポキシ基、アミノ基、イソシアネート基およびヒドロキシ基から選ばれる基を1個以上と、アルコキシシラン基を1個以上とを有するアルコキシシラン化合物である請求項6に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- (a)ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂の溶融粘度が、310℃、剪断速度1000/sの条件下で、150Pa・s以上である請求項4~7のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- (b)ポリエーテルイミド樹脂の重量平均分子量が5万~10万である請求項4~8のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項4~9のいずれかに記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
- 成形品が、流体配管用の部材である請求項10記載の成形品。
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EP2631274A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
CN103154140B (zh) | 2015-02-04 |
JP5982824B2 (ja) | 2016-08-31 |
KR101821619B1 (ko) | 2018-01-24 |
CN103154140A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
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HUE042272T2 (hu) | 2019-06-28 |
JPWO2012053505A1 (ja) | 2014-02-24 |
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