WO2012046266A1 - 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 - Google Patents
蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012046266A1 WO2012046266A1 PCT/JP2010/005961 JP2010005961W WO2012046266A1 WO 2012046266 A1 WO2012046266 A1 WO 2012046266A1 JP 2010005961 W JP2010005961 W JP 2010005961W WO 2012046266 A1 WO2012046266 A1 WO 2012046266A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- storage element
- reference point
- power storage
- state
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title abstract 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 26
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
- H01G11/18—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for estimating the temperature inside a power storage element and estimating the internal state of the power storage element using the estimated temperature.
- the temperature of the single cell is detected and the detected temperature is used as one of the control parameters.
- a temperature sensor such as a thermocouple is used, and the temperature sensor is attached to the outer surface of the unit cell.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-092347
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-050771
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-217269
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-205449
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-205449
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-157348
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-217781
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-232758
- Patent Document 9 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-243373
- Document 10 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-064598
- Patent Document 11 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-077669
- the temperature distribution varies due to heat dissipation and other reasons.
- the temperature at the center of the unit cell tends to be higher than the temperature at the outer surface of the unit cell.
- the temperature inside the unit cell cannot be acquired only by the output of the temperature sensor attached to the outer surface of the unit cell.
- the state estimation method for a power storage element calculates a reference point temperature inside the power storage element using a temperature detected by a temperature sensor attached to the outer surface of the power storage element and a heat conduction equation. And a step of estimating the internal state of the power storage element using the calculated temperature of the reference point.
- the reference point is a lattice point indicating a temperature corresponding to the internal resistance of the electricity storage element among the plurality of lattice points provided inside the electricity storage element.
- T temperature
- t time
- ⁇ thermal conductivity
- ⁇ density
- c specific heat
- x thermal diffusion distance
- q calorific value per unit volume
- subscript i is a value at the reference point.
- a map showing the relationship between the temperature and the internal resistance in the power storage element is created using the power storage element in a state where the temperature distribution is made uniform. And the internal resistance of an electrical storage element is measured, and the temperature corresponding to the measured internal resistance is specified using the said map.
- the temperature at the plurality of lattice points is calculated using the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the heat conduction equation, and the lattice point indicating the temperature closest to the temperature corresponding to the internal resistance among the plurality of lattice points is used as a reference. Set as a point.
- Tp is the temperature at the reference point
- Ts is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor
- t is the time
- ⁇ is the thermal conductivity
- ⁇ is the density
- c is the specific heat
- x is the thermal diffusion distance
- q p is the unit volume at the reference point.
- the amount of heat generated per hit, k1 and k2, indicate correction coefficients.
- the correction coefficients k1 and k2 can be appropriately set so that the formula (II) indicates the temperature at the reference point.
- the electricity storage element is composed of a power generation element and a case that houses the power generation element, and the power generation element can be formed by stacking a positive electrode element, a separator, and a negative electrode element.
- the power generation element can be configured by winding a laminate in which a positive electrode element, a separator, and a negative electrode element are stacked.
- a plurality of lattice points can be provided in the stacking direction of the power generation elements.
- SOC State Of Charge
- SOH State Of Health
- a power storage device state estimation device includes a temperature sensor attached to the outer surface of the power storage device, and a controller that estimates the internal state of the power storage device.
- the controller uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the heat conduction equation to calculate the temperature of the reference point inside the power storage element, and estimates the internal state using the calculated temperature of the reference point.
- the reference point is a lattice point indicating a temperature corresponding to the internal resistance of the electricity storage element among the plurality of lattice points provided inside the electricity storage element.
- the temperature corresponding to the internal resistance is estimated by calculating the temperature of the reference point by specifying the reference point (lattice point) indicating the temperature corresponding to the internal resistance of the power storage element. be able to. If the temperature corresponding to the internal resistance is used when estimating the internal state of the power storage element in consideration of the temperature, the estimation accuracy of the internal state can be improved.
- Example 2 it is a figure when three lattice points are provided in the cell. In Example 2, it is a figure explaining the calculation method of correction coefficient k1, k2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the cell 10.
- an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis are orthogonal to each other, and the relationship between the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis is the same in other drawings.
- a secondary battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium ion battery can be used.
- an electric double layer capacitor can be used instead of the secondary battery.
- the cell 10 includes a power generation element 11 and a battery case 12 that houses the power generation element 11.
- the power generation element 11 is an element that performs charging and discharging, and as shown in FIG. 2, a positive electrode element 11a, a negative electrode element 11b, and a separator (including an electrolyte) disposed between the positive electrode element 11a and the negative electrode element 11b. 11c.
- the power generation element 11 is configured by rolling a laminated body (configuration shown in FIG. 2) in which a positive electrode element 11a, a separator 11c, and a negative electrode element 11b are stacked around the Y axis (see FIG. 1).
- the electric power generation element 11 is comprised by rolling the laminated body which piled up the positive electrode element 11a, the separator 11c, and the negative electrode element 11b, it is not restricted to this.
- the power generation element 11 can be configured by simply stacking the positive electrode element 11a, the separator 11c, and the negative electrode element 11b.
- the separator 11c contains an electrolytic solution, but a solid electrolyte may be disposed between the positive electrode element 11a and the negative electrode element 11b.
- a solid electrolyte a polymer solid electrolyte or an inorganic solid electrolyte can be used.
- the positive electrode element 11a is obtained by forming a positive electrode active material layer 11a2 on the surface of a current collector plate 11a1, and the positive electrode active material layer 11a2 is composed of a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, or the like.
- the negative electrode element 11b is obtained by forming a negative electrode active material layer 11b2 on the surface of a current collector plate 11b1, and the negative electrode active material layer 11b2 is composed of a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, or the like.
- the positive electrode element 11a and the negative electrode element 11b are not restricted to the structure shown in FIG.
- an electrode element (bipolar electrode) in which a positive electrode active material layer is formed on one surface of a current collector plate and a negative electrode active material layer is formed on the other surface can be used.
- the battery case 12 can be formed of metal, for example.
- a positive electrode terminal 13 and a negative electrode terminal 14 are provided on the upper surface of the battery case 12.
- the positive terminal 13 is electrically connected to the positive element 11 a of the power generation element 11, and the negative terminal 14 is electrically connected to the negative element 11 b of the power generation element 11.
- a temperature sensor 20 is provided on the upper surface of the battery case 12, and the temperature sensor 20 is used to detect the temperature of the unit cell 10.
- the output signal of the temperature sensor 20 is input to the controller 30, and the controller 30 can acquire the temperature information of the single cell 10 based on the output of the temperature sensor 20. Since the temperature sensor 20 is attached to the outer surface of the unit cell 10 (battery case 12), the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 20 is the temperature at the outer surface of the unit cell 10.
- thermocouple for example, a thermocouple can be used.
- the attachment position of the temperature sensor 20 with respect to the battery case 12 can be set suitably.
- the temperature sensor 20 when the plurality of single cells 10 are arranged side by side in the X direction, it is preferable to arrange the temperature sensor 20 on the upper surface of the battery case 12 as in this embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a coordinate system in which the vertical axis is the temperature and the horizontal axis is the thickness of the unit cell 10 and the internal structure of the unit cell 10 are shown superimposed.
- the thickness of the unit cell 10 is the length of the unit cell 10 in the X direction.
- the direction of the horizontal axis shown in FIG. 4 is a direction in which the positive electrode element 11a, the separator 11c, and the negative electrode element 11b overlap.
- FIG. 4 shows a temperature distribution (one example) inside the unit cell 10.
- a center point O shown in FIG. 4 indicates a position corresponding to the center of the power generation element 11 in the thickness direction of the unit cell 10.
- the unit cell 10 (power generation element 11) generates heat by charging / discharging, but the temperature distribution shown in FIG. Of the power generating element 11, the portion that comes into contact with the battery case 12 has the easiest heat release and the lowest temperature. On the other hand, as it approaches the center point O, it becomes difficult for heat to escape and the temperature tends to increase.
- the temperature inside the unit cell 10 varies depending on the position of the unit cell 10 in the thickness direction.
- the temperature corresponding to the internal resistance of the power generation element 11 is used as the temperature of the unit cell 10 (hereinafter referred to as the performance temperature), and the performance temperature of the unit cell 10 is estimated as described below. .
- Equation (1) T is temperature, t is time, ⁇ is thermal conductivity, ⁇ is density, c is specific heat, x is a thermal diffusion distance, and q is a calorific value per unit volume.
- the first term indicates the thermal diffusion term, and the second term indicates the heat generation term.
- a one-dimensional heat conduction equation is used, but a two-dimensional or three-dimensional heat conduction equation can also be used.
- a one-dimensional heat conduction equation is used as in the present embodiment, the arithmetic processing for estimating the performance temperature of the unit cell 10 can be simplified.
- Equation (1) can be differentiated as shown in Equation (2) below.
- i represents a lattice point in the thickness direction of the unit cell 10.
- the lattice points indicate points in each region when the region between the center point O and the point S is divided into a plurality in the thickness direction of the unit cell 10.
- the point S is located farthest from the center point O in the thickness direction of the unit cell 10 and is located on the outer surface of the battery case 12.
- the number of grid points can be set as appropriate. If the number of lattice points is increased, the temperature estimation accuracy according to the position of the unit cell 10 in the thickness direction can be improved. Moreover, if the number of lattice points is reduced, the arithmetic processing when estimating the temperature according to the position of the unit cell 10 in the thickness direction can be simplified.
- the temperature of the lattice point i is affected by the temperature at two lattice points (i ⁇ 1) and (i + 1) adjacent to the lattice point i.
- the temperature at the point S is regarded as the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 20. That is, the temperature of the point S and the temperature of the part where the temperature sensor 20 is attached are considered to be substantially equal.
- the battery case 12 is formed of a metal having excellent thermal conductivity, the temperature at the point S and the temperature of the portion where the temperature sensor 20 is attached are substantially equal.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Since the power generation element 11 is a three-dimensional cube, not only the position in the X direction but also the position in the Z direction or the Y direction can be considered. Here, the position to be considered varies depending on the heat transfer path of the unit cell 10.
- the unit cell 10 of this example has the smallest dimension in the X direction. For this reason, the heat transfer path along the X direction is the most dominant heat transfer path inside the unit cell 10. Therefore, when estimating the temperature inside the unit cell 10, it is preferable to pay attention to the temperature according to the position of the unit cell 10 in the thickness direction (X direction) as in this embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining a method of specifying the lattice point i indicating the performance temperature. A method for specifying the lattice point i will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.
- step S101 a map showing the relationship between the resistance and temperature of the unit cell 10 is created. Specifically, the relationship between the resistance and the temperature is acquired using the single battery 10 in a state in which the temperature variation is sufficiently suppressed. That is, the resistance of the unit cell 10 is measured after setting the entire unit cell 10 to a substantially uniform temperature. In order to bring the entire cell 10 to a substantially uniform temperature, for example, the cell 10 may be left at a specific temperature for a sufficient time. If the resistance is measured while changing the temperature of the unit cell 10, for example, a map shown in FIG. 8 is obtained.
- the map shown in FIG. 8 shows that the resistance (internal resistance) and performance temperature of the cell 10 are in a correspondence relationship. If the resistance is measured using the unit cell 10 in which the temperature variation is sufficiently suppressed, the correspondence between the internal resistance of the unit cell 10 and the performance temperature can be found. And if the map shown in FIG. 8 is used, performance temperature can be specified by measuring the resistance of the cell 10.
- step S102 of FIG. 7 the performance temperature of the unit cell 10 is specified. This performance temperature is used to specify the lattice point i.
- the temperature of the unit cell 10 is detected based on the output of the temperature sensor 20, and the performance temperature is specified using the map shown in FIG. To do.
- Charging / discharging of the pattern shown in FIG. 9 is performed during a period in which the unit cell 10 generates heat (a heat generation period).
- Charging / discharging of the pattern shown in FIG. 10 is performed in a period (temperature relaxation period) in which the temperature variation of the unit cell 10 is relaxed. After the charge / discharge of the pattern shown in FIG. 9 is performed, the charge / discharge of the pattern shown in FIG. 10 is performed.
- charging / discharging of the first pattern Pc and the second pattern Ph is defined as one cycle, and this cycle is repeated.
- the first pattern Pc is used for measuring the resistance of the unit cell 10.
- the second pattern Ph is used to generate heat in the unit cell 10 (power generation element 11).
- the number of charge / discharge cycles shown in FIG. 9 can be set as appropriate. Specifically, the charge / discharge cycle can be repeated until the unit cell 10 generates heat and the temperature of the unit cell 10 hardly changes.
- the resistance after 2 seconds from the start of charge / discharge of the first pattern Pc is measured.
- the measurement of resistance is not limited to 2 seconds after the start of charging / discharging of the first pattern Pc, but may be set at another time.
- the timing for measuring the resistance may be the same timing in each cycle. For example, the resistance in 1 second or 10 seconds can be measured after charging / discharging of the first pattern Pc is started.
- the unit cell 10 can generate heat and the resistance after a predetermined time can be measured. In this case, charging / discharging of the first pattern Pc can be omitted.
- the unit cell 10 can also generate heat by charging and discharging the first pattern Pc.
- the pattern used for measuring the resistance of the cell 10 is not limited to the pattern shown in FIG. In the first pattern Pc shown in FIG. 9, charging and discharging pulses are generated, but only charging or discharging pulses may be generated. Further, only the charging or discharging pulse may be generated for the second pattern Ph shown in FIG. As for the second pattern Ph, it is sufficient that the unit cell 10 can generate heat. If the charging and discharging are alternately performed so that the coulomb amounts are equal as in the first pattern Pc and the second pattern Ph shown in FIG. 9, the SOC (State (Of Charge) of the unit cell 10 is maintained substantially constant. can do.
- the charge / discharge cycle shown in FIG. 10 is repeated.
- the charge / discharge shown in FIG. 10 only the charge / discharge of the first pattern Pc is performed as one cycle, and this cycle is repeated.
- the cell 10 power generation element 11
- the cell 10 is secured since a sufficient rest time (time during which charging / discharging is not performed) is ensured between charging / discharging the first pattern Pc and before performing the next charging / discharging.
- the temperature change is very small.
- the number of charge / discharge cycles shown in FIG. 10 can be set as appropriate. Specifically, after stopping the heat generation of the unit cell 10, the charge / discharge cycle shown in FIG. 10 can be repeated until the temperature of the unit cell 10 hardly changes.
- FIG. 11 shows the resistance measured during the heat generation period and the temperature relaxation period.
- the vertical axis represents the resistance of the unit cell 10
- the horizontal axis represents the number of charge / discharge cycles (in other words, time).
- the resistance of the unit cell 10 is increased.
- the performance temperature can be identified based on the resistance shown in FIG. 11 and the map shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 20 and the performance temperature specified using the map shown in FIG.
- the vertical axis represents temperature
- the horizontal axis represents the number of charge / discharge cycles (in other words, time).
- the distribution indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 12 indicates the detected temperature Ts by the temperature sensor 20, and the distribution indicated by the solid line in FIG. 12 indicates the performance temperature Tp.
- the detected temperature Ts and the performance temperature Tp show similar behavior, but the performance temperature Tp is higher than the detected temperature Ts during the heat generation period.
- the difference between the performance temperature Tp and the detection temperature Ts during the temperature relaxation period is smaller than the difference between the performance temperature Tp and the detection temperature Ts during the heat generation period.
- step S103 of FIG. 7 the lattice point i indicating the temperature change closest to the temperature change of the performance temperature Tp is specified.
- the temperature of each lattice point can be calculated. Specifically, in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the temperature of the point S becomes the detected temperature Ts, and therefore the temperature of the lattice point adjacent to the point S can be calculated using the heat conduction equation shown in Equation (2). Can do.
- temperatures at a plurality of lattice points can be calculated. If the temperature closest to the performance temperature Tp is identified among the temperatures at the plurality of lattice points, the lattice point indicating the performance temperature can be identified. Information about the identified grid points can be stored in a memory.
- the temperature of the lattice point i corresponding to the performance temperature is calculated based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 20 and the heat conduction equation shown in the equation (2). This calculation process is performed by the controller 30 (see FIG. 1). The temperature of the lattice point i is used for various controls of the unit cell 10 as the temperature of the unit cell 10.
- the temperature of the unit cell 10 can be adjusted based on the temperature (performance temperature) of the lattice point i. If the temperature of the lattice point i has risen, the temperature rise of the unit cell 10 can be suppressed by supplying a cooling heat exchange medium to the unit cell 10.
- the SOC of the unit cell 10 can be estimated based on the temperature (performance temperature) of the lattice point i. Since the SOC of the unit cell 10 has a corresponding relationship with the voltage or current of the unit cell 10, the SOC of the unit cell 10 can be estimated by detecting the voltage or current. Here, the relationship between the SOC and the voltage and the relationship between the SOC and the current vary depending on the temperature. For this reason, the relationship between the SOC and the voltage is prepared for each temperature, and the SOC can be estimated based on the voltage and the temperature. In addition, a relationship between the SOC and the current is prepared for each temperature, and the SOC can be estimated based on the current and the temperature.
- the SOH of the unit cell 10 can be estimated based on the temperature (performance temperature) of the lattice point i.
- SOH is estimated based on the open circuit voltage and the integrated amount of electricity, and the open circuit voltage is corrected by temperature.
- the performance temperature described in this embodiment can be used as temperature information for correcting the open circuit voltage.
- the temperature corresponding to the internal resistance of the unit cell 10 can be estimated. Moreover, if the internal state (SOC etc.) of the cell 10 is estimated based on the estimated temperature (performance temperature), the estimation accuracy of the internal state can be improved. In particular, when the temperature is lowered and the SOC is lowered, the estimation accuracy of the SOC can be improved.
- FIG. 13 shows the relationship among the resistance, temperature, and SOC in the unit cell 10.
- the vertical axis represents resistance
- the horizontal axis represents temperature.
- FIG. 13 shows the respective distributions when the SOC is 20% and 60%.
- the resistance of the unit cell 10 increases as the SOC decreases.
- the resistance of the unit cell 10 increases as the temperature decreases.
- the unit cell 10 of the present embodiment can constitute an assembled battery and can be mounted on a vehicle.
- the electric energy output from the assembled battery is converted into kinetic energy for running the vehicle by a motor / generator.
- the motor / generator converts kinetic energy generated during braking of the vehicle into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored in the assembled battery.
- the discharge (running) can be performed until the SOC of the unit cell 10 becomes as low as possible.
- the estimation accuracy of the SOC As shown in FIG. 13, when the SOC is low, the estimation accuracy of the SOC cannot be improved unless the temperature estimation accuracy is improved. In such a case, the estimation accuracy of the SOC can be improved by estimating the performance temperature as in the present embodiment.
- Example 2 of the present invention will be described.
- the lattice point corresponding to the performance temperature is specified among the plurality of lattice points provided in the thickness direction of the unit cell 10, and the temperature of the identified lattice point is set to the temperature of the unit cell 10.
- the performance temperature of the unit cell 10 is calculated using only three lattice points.
- symbol is used and detailed description is abbreviate
- FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the position of the unit cell 10 in the thickness direction and the temperature when three lattice points are set.
- the temperature of the lattice point inside the single cell 10 is defined as the performance temperature Tp
- the temperature of the lattice point on the surface of the single cell 10 is defined as the detection temperature Ts by the temperature sensor 20.
- the temperature of another lattice point can be used instead of the detected temperature Ts.
- Formula (3) can be represented by the following Formula (4).
- ⁇ and ⁇ are expressed by the following formulas (5) and (6).
- K1 and k2 in Expression (3), Expression (5), and Expression (6) indicate correction coefficients, and can be determined by, for example, the method described below.
- the performance temperature of the unit cell 10 is calculated.
- the temperature (estimated temperature) estimated as the performance temperature is calculated using the equations (3) and (4) while changing each of the correction coefficients k1 and k2.
- correction coefficients k1 and k2 that minimize the difference between the performance temperature and the estimated temperature are specified.
- FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the performance temperature and the estimated temperature (an example).
- the cell 10 is heated by alternately charging and discharging the first pattern Pc and the second pattern Ph as in the first embodiment.
- the temperature relaxation period as in the first embodiment, by charging / discharging only the first pattern Pc, the temperature of the unit cell 10 reaches the temperature corresponding to the environment without causing the unit cell 10 to generate heat. .
- the unit cell 10 can generate heat and the resistance after a predetermined time can be measured. In this case, charging / discharging of the first pattern Pc can be omitted.
- the unit cell 10 can also generate heat by charging and discharging the first pattern Pc.
- Example 2 As described in Example 1, during the heat generation period and the temperature relaxation period, the resistance of the unit cell 10 is measured, and the performance temperature can be identified using the measured resistance and the map shown in FIG. The distribution of performance temperature is shown by the solid line in FIG.
- the estimated temperature is specified by substituting the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 20 acquired in the heat generation period and the temperature relaxation period into the heat conduction equation shown in Expression (3) and appropriately setting the correction coefficients k1 and k2.
- the estimated temperature distribution (example) is indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
- the correction coefficients k1 and k2 are changed so that the estimated temperature decreases and approaches the performance temperature.
- the correction coefficients k1 and k2 are changed so that the estimated temperature rises and approaches the performance temperature. That is, the correction coefficients k1 and k2 are determined so that the difference ⁇ T between the estimated temperature and the performance temperature approaches zero.
- the process of determining the correction coefficients k1 and k2 is performed based on the difference ⁇ T between the estimated temperature and the performance temperature during the heat generation period, or based on the difference ⁇ T between the estimated temperature and the performance temperature during the temperature relaxation period. Can do.
- the obtained correction coefficients k1 and k2 (or ⁇ and ⁇ ) can be stored in a memory. Thereby, if the temperature Ts detected by the temperature sensor 20 is acquired, the performance temperature Tp can be calculated based on the equation (3).
- the performance temperature Tp corresponding to the internal resistance can be calculated. If the performance temperature is used as the temperature of the cell 10, the estimation accuracy of the internal state (SOC, SOH, etc.) of the cell 10 can be improved as in the first embodiment. Further, in the present embodiment, the performance temperature Tp is calculated in consideration of the smallest number of lattice points, so that it is possible to reduce the calculation load when calculating the performance temperature Tp.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
特許文献2: 特開2001-085071号公報
特許文献3: 特開2008-217269号公報
特許文献4: 特開2006-205449号公報
特許文献5: 特開2004-257781号公報
特許文献6: 特開2007-157348号公報
特許文献7: 特開2008-271781号公報
特許文献8: 特開2008-232758号公報
特許文献9: 特開2008-243373号公報
特許文献10: 特開平10-064598号公報
特許文献11: 特開2001-076769号公報
Claims (12)
- 蓄電素子の外面に取り付けられた温度センサによる検出温度と、熱伝導方程式とを用いて、前記蓄電素子の内部における基準点の温度を算出するステップと、
算出された前記基準点の温度を用いて、前記蓄電素子の内部状態を推定するステップと、を有し、
前記基準点は、前記蓄電素子の内部に設けられた複数の格子点のうち、前記蓄電素子の内部抵抗に対応した温度を示す格子点であることを特徴とする蓄電素子の状態推定方法。 - 前記蓄電素子の内部抵抗を測定するステップと、
温度分布が均一化された状態にある前記蓄電素子を用いて作成され、前記蓄電素子における温度および内部抵抗の関係を示すマップを用いて、測定された内部抵抗に対応した温度を特定するステップと、
前記温度センサによる検出温度および熱伝導方程式を用いて、前記複数の格子点における温度を算出するステップと、
前記複数の格子点のうち、前記内部抵抗に対応した温度に最も近い温度を示す格子点を、前記基準点として設定するステップと、
を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の蓄電素子の状態推定方法。 - 前記蓄電素子は、発電要素と、前記発電要素を収容するケースとを有し、
前記発電要素は、正極素子、セパレータおよび負極素子が積層されて構成されており、
前記複数の格子点は、前記発電要素の積層方向における位置が互いに異なることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電素子の状態推定方法。 - 前記蓄電素子の内部状態は、SOC又はSOHであることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電素子の状態推定方法。
- 蓄電素子の外面に取り付けられた温度センサと、
前記蓄電素子の内部状態を推定するコントローラと、を有し、
前記コントローラは、前記温度センサによる検出温度と、熱伝導方程式とを用いて、前記蓄電素子の内部における基準点の温度を算出するとともに、算出された前記基準点の温度を用いて前記内部状態を推定し、
前記基準点は、前記蓄電素子の内部に設けられた複数の格子点のうち、前記蓄電素子の内部抵抗に対応した温度を示す格子点であることを特徴とする蓄電素子の状態推定装置。 - 前記蓄電素子の内部抵抗を測定し、
温度分布が均一化された状態にある前記蓄電素子を用いて作成され、前記蓄電素子における温度および内部抵抗の関係を示すマップを用いて、測定された内部抵抗に対応した温度を特定し、
前記温度センサによる検出温度および熱伝導方程式を用いて、前記複数の格子点における温度を算出したときに、
前記基準点は、前記複数の格子点のうち、前記内部抵抗に対応した温度に最も近い温度を示す格子点であることを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の蓄電素子の状態推定装置。 - 前記蓄電素子は、発電要素と、前記発電要素を収容するケースとを有し、
前記発電要素は、正極素子、セパレータおよび負極素子が積層されて構成されており、
前記複数の格子点は、前記発電要素の積層方向における位置が互いに異なることを特徴とする請求項7から10のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電素子の状態推定装置。 - 前記蓄電素子の内部状態は、SOC又はSOHであることを特徴とする請求項7から10のいずれか1つに記載の蓄電素子の状態推定装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/500,006 US8521456B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | State estimation method and state estimation apparatus of electric storage element |
CN201080065225.5A CN102792175B (zh) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 蓄电元件的状态推定方法及状态推定装置 |
PCT/JP2010/005961 WO2012046266A1 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 |
JP2011507755A JP4775524B1 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/005961 WO2012046266A1 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012046266A1 true WO2012046266A1 (ja) | 2012-04-12 |
Family
ID=44798036
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2010/005961 WO2012046266A1 (ja) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8521456B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4775524B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102792175B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012046266A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013157041A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 |
JP2014070982A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Fujitsu Semiconductor Ltd | 二次電池の状態評価装置、二次電池の状態評価方法、及び、二次電池の状態評価プログラム |
JP2016527676A (ja) * | 2013-07-11 | 2016-09-08 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 収容装置、バッテリ、及び車両 |
JP2019053847A (ja) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-04-04 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | バッテリ液温推定装置 |
US10657039B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2020-05-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control device for a motor vehicle |
WO2023120280A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 電池監視装置、電池管理システム |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2980307B1 (fr) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-11-07 | Renault Sa | Methode pour estimer la temperature au coeur d'une cellule de batterie |
JP5673512B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-01 | 2015-02-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 蓄電システムおよび蓄電素子の温度推定方法 |
JP2013118724A (ja) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | 制御装置および制御方法 |
CN103728570B (zh) * | 2014-01-15 | 2017-01-18 | 国家电网公司 | 一种基于电池热特性的健康状态检测方法 |
GB2538332B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-09-06 | Tata Motors European Technical Ct Plc | Thermal Mapping Method And Apparatus |
JP6544489B2 (ja) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-07-17 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 蓄電素子状態推定装置及び蓄電素子状態推定方法 |
CN106505258B (zh) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-03-01 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种动力电池包内电池温度计算方法及装置 |
CN107069131B (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-08-02 | 北京交通大学 | 一种锂离子电池集总热学参数的辨识方法 |
DE102017217959A1 (de) * | 2017-10-09 | 2019-04-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung einer Zelltemperatur |
JP7135532B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-20 | 2022-09-13 | マツダ株式会社 | 電池状態推定装置、電池状態推定装置の製造方法、電池状態推定方法、および組電池システム |
CN115639481B (zh) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-25 | 羿动新能源科技有限公司 | 基于大数据预测soc的电池数据预处理系统及方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008249459A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Mazda Motor Corp | バッテリの温度推定装置 |
JP2009103471A (ja) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-05-14 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 電池状態推定装置 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0992347A (ja) | 1995-09-19 | 1997-04-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | バッテリ冷却装置 |
JP3687212B2 (ja) | 1996-08-26 | 2005-08-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | バッテリ冷却装置 |
JP4383596B2 (ja) | 1999-09-06 | 2009-12-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電池の内部温度検出装置 |
JP4383597B2 (ja) | 1999-09-13 | 2009-12-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 組電池の温度検出装置および温度検出方法 |
JP4288958B2 (ja) | 2003-02-25 | 2009-07-01 | 新神戸電機株式会社 | 劣化度推定方法 |
JP4075762B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-10 | 2008-04-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池における残存容量の算出装置および算出方法 |
JP4327692B2 (ja) | 2004-09-30 | 2009-09-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池の充放電制御装置 |
JP4513582B2 (ja) | 2005-01-26 | 2010-07-28 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 被加熱体の内部温度予測方法およびプログラム |
EP1933158B1 (en) * | 2005-09-16 | 2018-04-25 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Secondary cell degradation judgment method, secondary cell degradation judgment device, and power supply system |
JP5008863B2 (ja) | 2005-11-30 | 2012-08-22 | プライムアースEvエナジー株式会社 | 二次電池用の制御装置、二次電池の温度推定方法を用いた二次電池の劣化判定方法 |
JP4984527B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-27 | 2012-07-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池の充電状態推定装置および充電状態推定方法 |
JP2008217269A (ja) | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-18 | Sharp Corp | 解析方法、解析装置および解析プログラム |
JP2008232758A (ja) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-10-02 | Nippon Soken Inc | 二次電池の内部状態検出装置及びニューラルネット式状態量推定装置 |
JP4872743B2 (ja) | 2007-03-23 | 2012-02-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池の状態推定装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-10-05 US US13/500,006 patent/US8521456B2/en active Active
- 2010-10-05 WO PCT/JP2010/005961 patent/WO2012046266A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-10-05 JP JP2011507755A patent/JP4775524B1/ja active Active
- 2010-10-05 CN CN201080065225.5A patent/CN102792175B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008249459A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Mazda Motor Corp | バッテリの温度推定装置 |
JP2009103471A (ja) * | 2007-10-19 | 2009-05-14 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 電池状態推定装置 |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013157041A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 |
JP2014070982A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Fujitsu Semiconductor Ltd | 二次電池の状態評価装置、二次電池の状態評価方法、及び、二次電池の状態評価プログラム |
JP2016527676A (ja) * | 2013-07-11 | 2016-09-08 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 収容装置、バッテリ、及び車両 |
US10657039B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 | 2020-05-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control device for a motor vehicle |
JP2019053847A (ja) * | 2017-09-13 | 2019-04-04 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | バッテリ液温推定装置 |
JP7017350B2 (ja) | 2017-09-13 | 2022-02-08 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | バッテリ液温推定装置 |
WO2023120280A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-06-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 電池監視装置、電池管理システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8521456B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
US20120209551A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
CN102792175A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
JP4775524B1 (ja) | 2011-09-21 |
JPWO2012046266A1 (ja) | 2014-02-24 |
CN102792175B (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4775524B1 (ja) | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 | |
JP2013118724A (ja) | 制御装置および制御方法 | |
JP5594371B2 (ja) | リチウムイオン電池の劣化速度推定方法、および劣化速度推定装置 | |
WO2011135609A1 (ja) | 蓄電素子の劣化推定装置および劣化推定方法 | |
US10594003B2 (en) | Battery system | |
JP7274368B2 (ja) | 電池制御システム | |
CN109565088A (zh) | 蓄电元件状态推定装置以及蓄电元件状态推定方法 | |
JP2008151745A (ja) | 蓄電デバイスの残存容量演算装置 | |
JP5673512B2 (ja) | 蓄電システムおよび蓄電素子の温度推定方法 | |
JP2010040324A (ja) | 電池モジュールの充電状態推定方法およびこれを利用した充電方法 | |
JP5849537B2 (ja) | 推定装置および推定方法 | |
CN113835031B (zh) | 信息处理方法、装置、电子设备和存储介质 | |
JP6396812B2 (ja) | 充電率推定システム | |
JP6889401B2 (ja) | アルカリ二次電池の状態推定装置 | |
JP2015228325A (ja) | 電池システム | |
JP2016004726A (ja) | 電池システム | |
JP2016207287A (ja) | 二次電池の劣化推定方法 | |
JP2020187050A (ja) | 電池システム及び車両、並びに電池システムの制御方法 | |
JP2016058255A (ja) | 電池システム | |
WO2013157041A1 (ja) | 蓄電素子の状態推定方法および状態推定装置 | |
US20220276311A1 (en) | Estimation device and estimation method | |
JP2015169483A (ja) | 二次電池の異常判定装置 | |
JP7428135B2 (ja) | 蓄電素子の管理装置、蓄電装置、車両、及び、蓄電素子の管理方法 | |
JP5655744B2 (ja) | 二次電池の劣化推定装置および劣化推定方法 | |
JP6363426B2 (ja) | 電池システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201080065225.5 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011507755 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13500006 Country of ref document: US |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 10858075 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 10858075 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |