WO2012026302A1 - エンジン排気ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
エンジン排気ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012026302A1 WO2012026302A1 PCT/JP2011/067952 JP2011067952W WO2012026302A1 WO 2012026302 A1 WO2012026302 A1 WO 2012026302A1 JP 2011067952 W JP2011067952 W JP 2011067952W WO 2012026302 A1 WO2012026302 A1 WO 2012026302A1
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- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- recirculation
- exhaust
- engine
- main engine
- Prior art date
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 166
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
- F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
- F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/07—Mixed pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is either taken out upstream of the turbine and reintroduced upstream of the compressor, or is taken out downstream of the turbine and reintroduced downstream of the compressor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
- F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/34—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with compressors, turbines or the like in the recirculation passage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
- F02B29/0437—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B61/00—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing
- F02B61/04—Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing for driving propellers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
- F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
- F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
- F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine exhaust gas purification device applied to, for example, a diesel engine of a marine main engine (main engine).
- Diesel engines that are marine main engines are in a situation where exhaust gas regulations regarding sulfur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and the like applied to ships are being strengthened. For this reason, in the future, the sulfur (S) content in the fuel will be regulated.
- the desulfurization equipment of fuel manufacturers is not sufficient at present, and therefore, it is expected that the production capacity of fuel that satisfies the standards will be insufficient. For this reason, there is a shortage of low-sulfur fuel that satisfies the standards, and there is a concern that the ship operating cost will increase with the increase in fuel prices.
- about regulation of sulfur oxide instead of reducing the sulfur content on the fuel side, it is possible according to the rules to respond on the ship side using an engine exhaust gas purification device or the like.
- EGR exhaust gas recirculation
- Some conventional technologies related to exhaust gas recirculation include an exhaust gas cleaning device called a scrubber as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example. In these conventional techniques, a part of the exhaust gas used for EGR passes through the scrubber and is washed.
- An engine exhaust gas purification apparatus is an engine exhaust gas purification apparatus that reduces and removes harmful substances in exhaust gas discharged from a marine main engine, and is disposed in an exhaust system of the marine main engine.
- An exhaust gas cleaning device that cleans the entire amount of the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas regenerator that supplies a part of the exhaust gas introduced as a recirculation exhaust gas downstream from the exhaust gas cleaning device to the marine main engine again.
- a circulation device a circulation device.
- an exhaust gas cleaning device that is disposed in an exhaust system of a marine main engine and cleans the entire amount of exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas for recirculation from the downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning device And an exhaust gas recirculation device for supplying a part of the introduced exhaust gas to the marine main engine again, so that the sulfur oxide in the exhaust gas is dissolved in the cleaning liquid by passing through the exhaust gas cleaning device.
- the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are reduced by the exhaust gas recirculation device reducing the oxygen concentration in the supply air, thereby suppressing the generation in the engine.
- the dust in the exhaust gas is removed together with the sulfur oxide because the entire amount of the exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas cleaning device and is cleaned.
- the marine main engine includes an exhaust turbine supercharger, and the exhaust gas recirculation device adjusts the introduction amount of the recirculation exhaust gas and the recirculation exhaust gas.
- a recirculation heat exchanger for cooling the exhaust gas is provided, and the recirculation exhaust gas is supplied to a compressor section of the exhaust turbine supercharger and compressed together with fresh air.
- the recirculation exhaust gas adjusted by the flow control valve passes through the exhaust gas cleaning device and has a temperature drop. Therefore, a low-temperature flow control valve can be used.
- the exhaust gas recirculation device includes a blower that boosts the recirculation exhaust gas as necessary. That is, even in an engine exhaust gas purification device arranged to increase the pressure loss when supplying the recirculation exhaust gas to the compressor portion of the exhaust turbine supercharger, it is possible to appropriately boost the pressure by the blower portion. Thus, the recirculation exhaust gas is reliably supplied to the compressor section through the recirculation heat exchanger.
- the marine main engine includes an exhaust turbine supercharger, and the exhaust gas recirculation device adjusts the introduction amount of the recirculation exhaust gas and the recirculation exhaust gas.
- the recirculation exhaust gas is supplied between a compressor unit of the exhaust turbine supercharger and an air cooler that cools the supply air.
- the recirculation exhaust gas adjusted by the flow control valve passes through the exhaust gas cleaning device and has a temperature drop. Therefore, a low-temperature flow control valve can be used.
- the recirculation exhaust gas is supplied between the compressor portion of the exhaust turbine supercharger and the air cooler that cools the supply air, the recirculation heat exchanger that cools the recirculation exhaust gas is It becomes unnecessary.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration incorporated in an intake / exhaust system of a main engine mainly serving as a ship main engine, as an embodiment of an engine exhaust gas purification apparatus according to the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the 1st modification of the engine exhaust gas purification apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure incorporated in the intake / exhaust system
- the schematic configuration diagram of the engine exhaust gas purification device shown in FIG. 1 is a configuration example incorporated in a main engine intake / exhaust system that is mainly a ship main engine.
- An engine exhaust gas purification device (hereinafter referred to as “purification device”) 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas of a main engine (for example, a diesel engine) 10 serving as a main engine for ship propulsion. This device reduces and removes harmful substances (air pollutants) such as nitrogen oxides.
- a main engine 10 for ship propulsion is mounted in the ship, and exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 10 is discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere.
- the main engine 10 includes a plurality of cylinders 11, an intake manifold 12, and an exhaust manifold 13. Fuel supplied from a fuel supply system (not shown) is injected into each cylinder 11. Since this fuel is combusted in the cylinder 11 by oxygen in the supply air supplied from the supply manifold 12, in the main engine 10, the thermal energy held by the fuel is converted into the engine output and the exhaust gas generated by the combustion. Is generated.
- the exhaust gas generated in each cylinder 11 is collected in the exhaust manifold 13 and guided to the chimney through the exhaust system L1.
- the exhaust system L1 is provided with a turbine section 21 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 20, an exhaust gas economizer 30, and an exhaust gas cleaning device 40.
- the exhaust turbine supercharger 20 uses the energy (kinetic energy and thermal energy) possessed by the exhaust gas to rotate the turbine unit 21 at a high speed and drives the compressor unit 22 with the rotational force to compress the supply air.
- symbol 23 in a figure is a rotating shaft which connects between the turbine part 21 and the compressor part 23.
- the exhaust gas economizer 30 is a heat exchanger that generates steam by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 10 and the water supplied by the water supply pipe 31. That is, the exhaust gas economizer 30 is a device that collects the heat energy of the exhaust gas to obtain steam in order to effectively use the heat energy held by the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 is a device that removes harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 uses liquid such as water as the cleaning liquid, and traps sulfur oxides and particles in the exhaust gas in the liquid droplets and liquid film of the cleaning liquid. They are collected and separated. In this case, since the exhaust gas to be processed by the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 has passed through the exhaust turbine supercharger 20 and the exhaust gas economizer 30, the pressure decreases and the temperature decreases slightly. The reliability and durability of the gas cleaning device 40 are increased.
- An air supply system L ⁇ b> 2 including a compressor unit 22 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 20 and an air cooler (intercooler) 50 is connected to the air supply manifold 12. Accordingly, the air supplied from the air supply system L2 is supplied from the air supply manifold 12 to each cylinder 11.
- the air cooler 50 is a heat exchanger for cooling the supply air whose temperature has increased due to compression of the supercharger, and is effective in improving the fuel efficiency and output of the main engine 10.
- symbol 51 in a figure is a water supply pipe which supplies the cooling water of a cooling medium.
- an exhaust gas recirculation system (hereinafter referred to as "EGR system") L3 constituting the exhaust gas circulation device 60 is branched from the exhaust system L1.
- the EGR system L3 includes a flow control valve 70 for adjusting the amount of recirculated exhaust gas (hereinafter referred to as “EGR gas”), and a recirculation heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as “EGR”) for cooling the EGR gas. 80) (referred to as “heat exchanger”).
- EGR system L3 of the present embodiment is connected to the compressor unit 22 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 20, and thus the compressor unit 22 is configured to compress EGR gas together with fresh air.
- the flow rate control valve 70 controls the opening according to the output control of the main engine 10 and adjusts the amount of EGR gas introduced from the exhaust system L1 to the EGR system L3.
- the EGR gas adjusted by the flow rate control valve 70 since the EGR gas adjusted by the flow rate control valve 70 has passed through the exhaust gas cleaning device 40, it is cooled by the cleaning liquid and becomes a relatively low temperature. For this reason, it is possible to use a low-temperature flow control valve 70, which is advantageous in terms of cost in addition to reliability and durability. Further, since the EGR gas adjusted by the flow rate control valve 70 has also removed particles such as soot in the exhaust gas cleaning device 40, the possibility of biting in the particles is reduced, and therefore, good sealing performance and slidability are achieved. Can be maintained.
- the EGR heat exchanger 80 is a heat exchanger that cools the EGR gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water supplied from the water supply pipe 81.
- the fresh air and EGR air compressed by the compressor unit 22 become low temperature / high density, and therefore the compression efficiency of the compressor unit 22 is improved.
- the purification device 1 is a device that reduces and removes harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged from the marine main engine, and is disposed in the exhaust system L1 of the main engine 10 to provide exhaust gas. And an exhaust gas recirculation device 60 for supplying part of the exhaust gas introduced as EGR gas from the downstream of the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 to the main engine 10 again. Yes. That is, in the present embodiment, the exhaust system L1 on the downstream side of the exhaust gas economizer 30 and the EGR system L3 branched from the exhaust system L1 are different from the configuration of the prior art disclosed in the cited document.
- Such a purifying device 1 is configured such that the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 disposed in the exhaust system L1 of the main engine 10 cleans the entire amount of exhaust gas. Particles such as sulfur oxides and soot are removed. For this reason, on the downstream side of the exhaust gas cleaning device 40, sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas are reduced, and the exhaust gas can be discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere in a state where the reference value of the exhaust gas regulation applied to the ship is cleared. it can. That is, clean exhaust gas that does not exceed the exhaust gas regulation standard value for sulfur oxide can be discharged without using low-sulfur fuel that satisfies fuel-side standards as fuel for the main engine 10. In other words, regarding the regulation of sulfur oxide, instead of reducing the sulfur content on the fuel side, it can be handled on the ship side using the purification device 1 of the present embodiment. It can be used for low-cost navigation.
- the exhaust gas recirculation device 60 is provided for recharging the main engine 10 with a part of the exhaust gas introduced as EGR gas from the downstream side of the exhaust gas cleaning device 40, nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are also included.
- the exhaust gas recirculation device 60 reduces the oxygen concentration in the supply air to reduce it as usual. Therefore, the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney to the atmosphere can satisfy the ship's exhaust gas regulations regarding sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, particles and the like.
- the main engine 10 includes the exhaust turbine supercharger 20, and the exhaust gas recirculation device 60 controls the flow rate control valve 70 and the EGR gas for adjusting the amount of EGR gas introduced.
- An EGR heat exchanger 80 for cooling is provided.
- the cooled EGR gas is configured to be supplied to the compressor unit 22 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 20 and compressed together with fresh air.
- the EGR gas adjusted by the flow rate control valve 70 passes through the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 and decreases in temperature, and sulfur oxides and particles are removed. For this reason, the low-temperature specification flow control valve 70 can be used, and problems caused by sulfur oxides and particles are less likely to occur.
- the purification device 1A of the modification shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a blower 90 that boosts the EGR gas as needed in the exhaust gas recirculation device 60A.
- the illustrated blower 90 is a blower driven by an electric motor 91.
- the blowing unit 90 can appropriately Therefore, the EGR gas is reliably supplied to the compressor section 22 through the EGR heat exchanger 80.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, and the detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the main engine 10 includes the exhaust turbine supercharger 20, and the exhaust gas recirculation device 60 ⁇ / b> B includes a flow rate control valve 70 that adjusts the amount of EGR gas introduced and a blower 90 that boosts the EGR gas. ing.
- the EGR gas boosted by the blower 90 is supplied to the air supply system L2 through the EGR system L3 ′.
- the EGR gas in this case is supplied between the compressor unit 22 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 20 and the air cooler 50 that cools the supply air in the supply air system L2.
- the sulfur oxide is processed in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment. Furthermore, since the EGR gas adjusted by the flow control valve 70 passes through the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 and has a temperature drop, the low-temperature flow control valve 70 can be used as in the above-described embodiment. And in this embodiment, since EGR gas is supplied between the compressor part 22 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 20, and the air cooler 50 which cools supply air, the EGR heat exchanger 80 which cools EGR gas Is no longer necessary. In other words, the compressor unit 22 of the present embodiment compresses only fresh air, and the compressed fresh air joins the EGR gas boosted by the blower 90 with the air supply system L2, and then the air cooler 50. After being cooled, the air supply manifold 12 is supplied. In such a configuration, since the EGR gas is merged with the fresh air after the pressure increase, the pressure increase of the EGR gas by the blower 90 is indispensable.
- the entire amount of exhaust gas passes through the exhaust gas cleaning device 40 and the exhaust gas recirculation devices 60, 60 ⁇ / b> A, and 60 ⁇ / b> B are also provided.
- the sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine 10 can be removed / reduced. For this reason, even if using conventional fuel with a higher sulfur content than the new standard fuel, it is possible to respond to the strengthening of exhaust gas regulations applied to ships, and therefore operating costs can be reduced by using inexpensive conventional fuel. In addition to the reduction, it is not necessary to switch fuel and devices in the regulated sea area and other sea areas.
- this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary, it can change suitably.
- 1,1A, 1B Engine exhaust gas purification device (purification device) 10 Main engine (main engine for ship propulsion) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Cylinder 12 Supply manifold 13 Exhaust manifold 20 Exhaust turbine supercharger 21 Turbine part 22 Compressor part 30 Exhaust gas economizer 40 Exhaust gas cleaning apparatus 50 Air cooler 60, 60A, 60B Exhaust gas recirculation apparatus 70 Flow control valve 80 Heat exchanger for recirculation (EGR heat exchanger) 90 Blower L1 Exhaust system L2 Air supply system L3, L3 'Exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR system)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
しかし、現状では燃料メーカーの脱硫装置が十分ではなく、従って、基準を満たす燃料の生産能力不足が予想されている。このため、基準を満たす低硫黄燃料が不足し、燃料価格の上昇に伴う船舶運行コストの上昇が懸念される。なお、硫黄酸化物の規制については、燃料側で硫黄分を低減する代わりに、エンジン排気ガス浄化装置等を用いて船舶側で対応することもルール上可能である。
排気ガス再循環(以下、「EGR」と呼ぶ)に関する従来技術には、たとえば下記の特許文献1及び2のように、スクラバーと呼ばれる排気ガス洗浄装置を備えたものがある。これらの従来技術では、いずれもEGRに用いる排気ガスの一部がスクラバーを通過して洗浄されている。
すなわち、EGR用の排気ガスを洗浄処理する従来のスクラバーは、窒素酸化物の排出量低減には有効であるものの、硫黄酸化物の排出量低減には対応することができず、従って、燃料側で硫黄分を低減する代わりに船舶側で対応するエンジン排気ガス浄化装置として使用できるものではない。
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、低硫黄燃料ではなく従来燃料を使用した場合でも、船舶側の対応により排気ガス規制の達成を可能にしたエンジン排気ガス浄化装置を提供することにある。
本発明に係るエンジン排気ガス浄化装置は、舶用主機関から排出される排気ガス中の有害物質を低減及び除去するエンジン排気ガス浄化装置であって、前記舶用主機関の排気系統に配設されて前記排気ガスの全量を洗浄処理する排気ガス洗浄装置と、該排気ガス洗浄装置の下流から再循環用排気ガスとして導入した前記排気ガスの一部を前記舶用主機関に再度給気させる排気ガス再循環装置と、を備えていることを特徴とするものである。
また、排気ガス中の煤塵についても、排気ガスの全量が排気ガス洗浄装置を通過して洗浄処理されるため、硫黄酸化物とともに除去される。
図1に示すエンジン排気ガス浄化装置(以下、「浄化装置」と呼ぶ)1は、船舶推進用の主機関となるメインエンジン(たとえば、ディーゼルエンジン)10の排気ガス中に含まれる硫黄酸化物や窒素酸化物等の有害物質(大気汚染物質)を低減及び除去する装置である。
メインエンジン10は、複数のシリンダ11と、給気マニホルド12と、排気マニホルド13とを具備して構成される。各シリンダ11の内部には、図示しない燃料供給系統から供給される燃料が噴射される。この燃料は、給気マニホルド12から供給される給気中の酸素によりシリンダ11内で燃焼するので、メインエンジン10では、燃料の保有する熱エネルギがエンジン出力に変換されるとともに、燃焼による排気ガスが生成される。
排気タービン過給機20は、排気ガスが保有するエネルギ(運動エネルギ及び熱エネルギ)を利用してタービン部21を高速回転させ、その回転力で圧縮機部22を駆動して給気を圧縮する装置である。なお、図中の符号23は、タービン部21と圧縮機部23との間を連結する回転軸である。
排気ガス洗浄装置40は、排気ガスに含まれる有害物質を除去する装置であり、水などの液体を洗浄液として、排気ガス中の硫黄酸化物や粒子等を洗浄液の液滴や液膜中に捕集して分離させるものである。この場合、排気ガス洗浄装置40で処理する排気ガスは、排気タービン過給機20及び排気ガスエコノマイザ30を通過したものであるから、圧力が低下するとともに温度はやや低下したものとなり、従って、排気ガス洗浄装置40の信頼性や耐久性は高くなる。
空気冷却器50は、過給機の圧縮により温度が上がった給気を冷却するための熱交換器であり、メインエンジン10の燃費効率及び出力の向上に有効である。なお、図中の符号51は、冷却媒体の冷却水を供給する給水管である。
このEGR系統L3には、再循環用排気ガス(以下、「EGRガス」と呼ぶ)の導入量を調整する流量制御弁70と、EGRガスを冷却する再循環用熱交換器(以下、「EGR熱交換器」と呼ぶ)80とが設けられている。本実施形態のEGR系統L3は、排気タービン過給機20の圧縮機部22に接続されており、従って、圧縮機部22においては、新気とともにEGRガスを圧縮するように構成されている。
この場合、流量制御弁70で調整するEGRガスは、排気ガス洗浄装置40を通過したものであるから、洗浄液により冷却されて比較的低温となる。このため、流量制御弁70には低温仕様のものを使用できるようになり、信頼性や耐久性に加えてコスト面でも有利になる。また、流量制御弁70で調整するEGRガスは、排気ガス洗浄装置40で煤等の粒子も除去されているので、粒子を噛み込む可能性も低くなり、従って、良好なシール性や摺動性を維持できる。
すなわち、メインエンジン10の燃料として、燃料側の基準を満たした低硫黄燃料を使用しなくても、硫黄酸化物に関する排気ガス規制の基準値を超えないクリーンな排気ガスを排出することができる。換言すれば、硫黄酸化物の規制については、燃料側で硫黄分を低減する代わりに、本実施形態の浄化装置1を用いて船舶側で対応することができるので、硫黄分の多い従来燃料を使用して低コストでの航行が可能になる。
従って、煙突から大気へ排出される排気ガスは、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物及び粒子等に関する船舶の排気ガス規制を満たすことできる。
この結果、流量制御弁70で調整するEGRガスは、排気ガス洗浄装置40を通過して温度低下し、かつ、硫黄酸化物や粒子が除去されたものとなる。このため、低温仕様の流量制御弁70を使用できるようになり、しかも、硫黄酸化物や粒子に起因する不具合も生じにくいものとなる。
このような場合、図2に示す変形例の浄化装置1Aは、排気ガス再循環装置60Aに、必要に応じてEGRガスを昇圧させる送風部90を設けてある。なお、図示の送風部90は、電動機91で駆動されるブロワである。
なお、図2に示す変形例において、上述した図1の実施形態と同様の部分には同じ符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
この実施形態では、メインエンジン10が排気タービン過給機20を備え、かつ、排気ガス再循環装置60BがEGRガスの導入量を調整する流量制御弁70及びEGRガスを昇圧させる送風部90を備えている。そして、送風部90で昇圧されたEGRガスは、EGR系統L3′を通って給気系統L2に供給される。この場合のEGRガスは、給気系統L2のうち、排気タービン過給機20の圧縮機部22と給気を冷却する空気冷却器50との間に供給される。
そして、本実施形態では、EGRガスが排気タービン過給機20の圧縮機部22と給気を冷却する空気冷却器50との間に供給されるので、EGRガスを冷却するEGR熱交換器80は不要となる。すなわち、本実施形態の圧縮機部22は新気のみを圧縮しており、圧縮後の新気は、送風部90で昇圧されたEGRガスと給気系統L2で合流した後、空気冷却器50で冷却されてから給気マニホルド12に供給される。なお、このような構成では、昇圧後の新気にEGRガスを合流させるため、送風部90によるEGRガスの昇圧は不可欠である。
なお、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されることはなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において適宜変更することができる。
10 メインエンジン(船舶推進用の主機関)
11 シリンダ
12 給気マニホルド
13 排気マニホルド
20 排気タービン過給機
21 タービン部
22 圧縮機部
30 排気ガスエコノマイザ
40 排気ガス洗浄装置
50 空気冷却器
60,60A,60B 排気ガス再循環装置
70 流量制御弁
80 再循環用熱交換器(EGR熱交換器)
90 送風部
L1 排気系統
L2 給気系統
L3,L3′ 排気ガス再循環系統(EGR系統)
Claims (4)
- 舶用主機関から排出される排気ガス中の大気汚染物質を低減及び除去するエンジン排気ガス浄化装置であって、
前記舶用主機関の排気系統に配設されて前記排気ガスの全量を洗浄処理する排気ガス洗浄装置と、該排気ガス洗浄装置の下流から再循環用排気ガスとして導入した前記排気ガスの一部を前記舶用主機関に再度給気させる排気ガス再循環装置と、を備えているエンジン排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記舶用主機関が排気タービン過給機を備え、かつ、前記排気ガス再循環装置が前記再循環用排気ガスの導入量を調整する流量制御弁及び前記再循環用排気ガスを冷却する再循環用熱交換器を備えるとともに、
前記再循環用排気ガスが、前記排気タービン過給機の圧縮機部に供給されて新気とともに圧縮される請求項1に記載のエンジン排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記排気ガス再循環装置が、前記再循環排気ガスを昇圧させる送風部を備えている請求項1または請求項2に記載のエンジン排気ガス浄化装置。
- 前記舶用主機関が排気タービン過給機を備え、かつ、前記排気ガス再循環装置が前記再循環用排気ガスの導入量を調整する流量制御弁及び前記再循環用排気ガスを昇圧させる送風部を備えるとともに、
前記再循環用排気ガスが、前記排気タービン過給機の圧縮機部と給気を冷却する空気冷却器との間に供給される請求項1に記載のエンジン排気ガス浄化装置。
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2011
- 2011-08-05 KR KR1020147035849A patent/KR20150014984A/ko active Application Filing
- 2011-08-05 KR KR1020157027211A patent/KR20150114585A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2011-08-05 KR KR1020177024593A patent/KR20170103044A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-08-05 WO PCT/JP2011/067952 patent/WO2012026302A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-08-05 CN CN201180036380.9A patent/CN103052790B/zh active Active
- 2011-08-05 EP EP11819766.4A patent/EP2610473A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-08-05 KR KR1020137001654A patent/KR20130021456A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN104411960A (zh) * | 2012-06-01 | 2015-03-11 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | 具有废气增压系统和废气再循环系统的内燃机 |
JP2014218998A (ja) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-11-20 | 富夫 岸田 | 排気ガス吸入圧縮噴射エンジン |
US11891581B2 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2024-02-06 | Marathon Petroleum Company Lp | Tower bottoms coke catching device |
CN107795414A (zh) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 一种具有改进scr催化器结构的船用egr柴油机 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103052790A (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
KR20150014984A (ko) | 2015-02-09 |
KR20150114585A (ko) | 2015-10-12 |
KR20130021456A (ko) | 2013-03-05 |
EP2610473A4 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
JP2012047056A (ja) | 2012-03-08 |
CN103052790B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
JP5787500B2 (ja) | 2015-09-30 |
EP2610473A1 (en) | 2013-07-03 |
KR20170103044A (ko) | 2017-09-12 |
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