WO2012014933A1 - 銀インク組成物及び基材 - Google Patents
銀インク組成物及び基材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012014933A1 WO2012014933A1 PCT/JP2011/067082 JP2011067082W WO2012014933A1 WO 2012014933 A1 WO2012014933 A1 WO 2012014933A1 JP 2011067082 W JP2011067082 W JP 2011067082W WO 2012014933 A1 WO2012014933 A1 WO 2012014933A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- silver
- ink composition
- ketocarboxylate
- group
- silver ink
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/30—Inkjet printing inks
- C09D11/32—Inkjet printing inks characterised by colouring agents
- C09D11/322—Pigment inks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silver ink composition suitable for forming a metallic silver layer having excellent glossiness and specularity, and a substrate on which a metallic silver layer is formed using the silver ink composition.
- Glossy inks are used in various applications such as decoration and mirror surfaces.
- metal-containing ink compositions using silver particles or aluminum paste as fillers are known.
- a substrate having a metal layer formed on the surface is obtained.
- the metal layer formed from these ink compositions has a low glossiness and low specularity like an actual metal. This is considered to be one of the causes of insufficient contact between metal atoms in the formed metal layer.
- an ink composition containing a desired metal it is rare that a metal layer having a desired glossiness and specularity can be formed, and an ink composition capable of forming a desired high-quality metal layer. Development of is strongly desired.
- metallic silver is widely used as a material for recording media and printing plates and as a highly conductive material because of its excellent conductivity.
- a method for producing metallic silver a method of heating silver oxide, which is an inorganic substance, in the presence of a reducing agent can be exemplified. More specifically, for example, particulate silver oxide is dispersed in a binder, a reducing agent is added thereto to prepare a paste, the paste is applied to a substrate or the like, and heated. Thus, by heating in the presence of a reducing agent, the silver oxide is reduced, the metallic silver produced by the reduction is fused together, and a film containing metallic silver is formed.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 a method using silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate as a material which does not require a reducing agent and can form metallic silver quickly even at a low temperature is disclosed (Patent Documents 4 and 5). reference).
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is used in combination with a compound having a lone electron pair such as an amine compound, a thiol compound, or a phosphorus compound, thereby improving the stability of the silver ink composition containing these compounds.
- metallic silver excellent in conductivity can be formed at a lower temperature than conventional.
- JP 2003-191646 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-183207 JP 2004-315374 A JP 2009-114232 A JP 2009-197133 A
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 describe that the desired effect cannot be obtained depending on the combination of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and a compound having a lone electron pair. Is important. And although these patent documents describe that metallic silver can be rapidly formed at low temperature, the appearance of metallic silver, such as glossiness and specularity, has not been evaluated at all. There is no disclosure of combinations of compounding components suitable for such applications.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, a silver ink composition suitable for forming a metallic silver layer having excellent glossiness and specularity, and a metal on the surface using this silver ink composition. It is an object to provide a base material on which a silver layer is formed.
- the present invention relates to one or more silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylates selected from the group consisting of silver isobutyryl acetate, silver benzoyl acetate, silver propionyl acetate, silver acetoacetate, silver ⁇ -methylacetoacetate and silver ⁇ -ethylacetoacetate, and carbon number
- a silver ink composition comprising 1-10 aliphatic primary amines or secondary amines.
- a solvent that does not correspond to the primary amine and secondary amine may be further blended.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group bonded to the nitrogen atom of the primary amine or secondary amine is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group.
- the solvent preferably contains a monohydric alcohol having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- this invention provides the base material which provided the metal silver layer formed by heating the silver ink composition of the said invention on the surface.
- a silver ink composition suitable for forming a metallic silver layer having excellent glossiness and specularity, and a base material on which a metallic silver layer is formed on the surface using this silver ink composition are provided.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing an infrared absorption spectrum (IR) of silver ⁇ -methylacetoacetate obtained in Production Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an infrared absorption spectrum (IR) of silver isobutyryl acetate obtained in Production Example 2.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the infrared absorption spectrum (IR) of the silver benzoyl acetate obtained by manufacture example 3.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the infrared absorption spectrum (IR) of the silver acetoacetate obtained in manufacture example 4.
- the silver ink composition of the present invention comprises silver isobutyryl acetate, silver benzoyl acetate, silver propionyl acetate, silver acetoacetate, silver ⁇ -methylacetoacetate (silver 2-methylacetoacetate) and silver ⁇ -ethylacetoacetate (silver 2-ethylacetoacetate).
- silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylates selected from the group consisting of 1 and 10 aliphatic primary amines or secondary amines having 1 to 10 carbon atoms are blended.
- each compounding component will be described.
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is decomposed by heating to form metallic silver.
- survives at the time of metal silver formation is very low, and the appearance of the formed metal silver is excellent, such as dullness and unevenness being suppressed and having excellent specularity.
- the formed metallic silver has excellent properties such as good contact between silver atoms, excellent conductivity, and low resistivity.
- Table 1 shows the decomposition temperature and the residual mass after decomposition determined from the results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate, and the silver content (theoretical value) of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the residual mass of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is calculated from the following formula (1), and the silver content (theoretical value) is calculated from the following formula (2).
- Residual mass (%) (A / B) ⁇ 100
- A represents the mass (mg) after thermal decomposition of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate, and B represents the amount (mg) of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate used in TGA.
- (1) Silver content (%) (atomic weight of silver / molecular weight of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate) ⁇ 100 (2)
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylate has a decomposition temperature of 145 ° C. or lower, which is extremely lower than conventional metal silver forming materials, and rapidly decomposes to form metal silver rapidly. Further, since the residual mass (%) after thermal decomposition of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate shows a value close to the silver content (%, theoretical value), the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is sufficiently decomposed at the decomposition temperature. It can be seen that metallic silver is formed.
- the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using 2 or more types together, the combination and ratio may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the ratio of the blended amount of the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate in the total amount of blended components is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 35% by mass.
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is, for example, a step of producing silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate by reacting ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid and a silver compound in a reaction solution having a water content of preferably 55% by mass or less. It can manufacture by the method containing. A more specific manufacturing method is as follows.
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is prepared by hydrolyzing ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the hydrolysis of the ester is preferably performed using a base such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH).
- the base is preferably used as an aqueous solution, and the concentration at this time is preferably 1 mol / liter (hereinafter abbreviated as L) or more, more preferably 2 to 5 mol / L.
- the amount of the base used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.8 to 2 mol, more preferably 0.9 to 1.2 mol, relative to 1 mol of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid ester.
- the concentration of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid ester in the reaction solution is preferably 0.5 to 6.25 mol / L, and more preferably 1 to 5.6 mol / L.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 ° C. or lower, more preferably 40 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably 20 to 40 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 0.5 to 48 hours, more preferably 1 to 4 hours.
- the amount of the base used in order to sufficiently reduce the remaining amount of the base in the reaction solution after completion of the reaction, it is preferable to set the amount of the base used to be smaller than the amount of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid ester used.
- -It is preferably 0.8 to 1 mol, more preferably 0.8 to 0.9 mol, relative to 1 mol of the ketocarboxylic acid ester.
- the amount of the base used is 1 to 1 with respect to 1 mol of ⁇ -ketocarboxylate ester. It is preferably 3 mol, more preferably 1.1 to 1.2 mol.
- an acid equivalent to the base used such as sulfuric acid described later may be added.
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid ester can be appropriately selected according to the desired structure of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the alkyl group constituting the ester include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, and a benzyl group.
- Specific examples of the compound include methyl isobutyryl acetate, benzyl isobutyryl acetate, isopropyl isobutyryl acetate, ethyl benzoyl acetate, methyl propionyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl 2-methylacetoacetate and ethyl 2-ethylacetoacetate.
- the raw material is not limited to ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid ester, and for example, a cyclic compound that becomes the ester by ring opening can also be used.
- the resulting ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is determined, for example, depending on the type of base used, and examples thereof include sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts and the like.
- Specific compounds include sodium isobutyryl acetate, potassium isobutyryl acetate, ammonium isobutyryl acetate, sodium benzoyl acetate, potassium benzoyl acetate, ammonium benzoyl acetate, sodium propionyl acetate, potassium propionyl acetate, ammonium propionyl acetate, sodium acetoacetate, potassium acetoacetate
- Examples include ammonium acetoacetate, sodium 2-methylacetoacetate, potassium 2-methylacetoacetate, ammonium 2-methylacetoacetate, sodium 2-ethylacetoacetate, potassium 2-ethylacetoacetate, ammonium 2-ethylacetoacetate and the like.
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate can be prepared, for example, by hydrolysis of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid ester.
- the obtained ⁇ -ketocarboxylate may be isolated by a conventional method, or may be used as it is without being isolated when a silver compound is used in the next step described later.
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and silver compound are used to produce silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the first and second methods are shown below.
- the first method is as follows. First, an acid is added to the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate, and the produced ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid is extracted with an organic solvent.
- the said acid is not specifically limited, As a preferable thing, a sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, an acetic acid etc. can be illustrated.
- the amount of the acid to be used is not particularly limited, and for example, it is sufficient that an amount of proton (H + ) corresponding to the amount of the cation moiety constituting the salt of ⁇ -ketocarboxylate salt can be supplied.
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate when used as it is without being isolated in the previous step, it is only necessary to supply protons (H + ) in an amount corresponding to the amount of base used in the previous step.
- protons H +
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid obtained in this step is preferably used in the next step after being formed and immediately cooled by ice cooling or the like.
- silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is produced by adding a silver compound to ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid.
- the reaction at this time is usually carried out in a solvent, but it is preferable to reduce the amount of water in the reaction solution in order to efficiently produce silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate. That is, as the amount of water in the reaction solution is smaller, the production rate of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is relatively improved.
- the content (% by mass) of water in the reaction solution is preferably 55% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 44% by mass or less.
- the lower limit value of the water content in the reaction solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 35% by mass, and more preferably not more than the detection limit value.
- the solvent in the reaction solution include organic solvents such as ether, water, and a mixture thereof.
- the mixing ratio of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid and silver compound is not particularly limited, but ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid is preferably 1 to 1.5 mol, and preferably 1 to 1.2 mol, per 1 mol of silver compound. It is more preferable.
- One kind of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid and one silver compound may be used, or one or both of them may be used in combination of two or more.
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid is usually used as a ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid solution dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited, and preferred examples include esters such as ethyl acetate and ethers such as diethyl ether.
- the concentration of the ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.2 mol / L or more, and more preferably 0.5 mol / L or more.
- the silver compound is usually used as a silver compound solution (for example, an aqueous silver compound solution), but its concentration is 1 mol / L or more for the purpose of reducing the content of water in the reaction solution as described above. It is preferably 2 mol / L or more, more preferably 3 mol / L or more. Moreover, although an upper limit is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 13 mol / L or less.
- the concentration of the silver compound solution is preferably 1 mol / L or more, and 1.5 mol / L L or more is more preferable, and 2 mol / L or more is particularly preferable.
- the concentration of the silver compound solution is preferably 3 mol / L or more, and more preferably 4 mol / L or more. Preferably, it is particularly preferably 5 mol / L or more.
- silver compound is not particularly limited, silver nitrate, silver chloride, silver carbonate, silver bromide, silver iodide and the like can be exemplified, and silver nitrate is particularly preferable because it is relatively excellent in water solubility, stability and safety. .
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid in order to dissociate the carboxyl group (—COOH) in ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid into carboxylate (—COO ⁇ ), for example, diethanolamine, methylaminoethanol, dimethylamino
- An amine such as ethanol or triethanolamine may be added.
- the addition amount of the amine is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 1.5 mol, and more preferably 1 to 1.1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the silver compound.
- ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid moves from the organic layer to the aqueous layer.
- the concentration of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid in a ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid solution need not be considered.
- the ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid is moved from the organic layer to the aqueous layer, and at this stage, only the aqueous layer is separated, and a ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid aqueous solution (aqueous layer) and a silver compound solution (for example, a silver compound aqueous solution) are separated. It may be mixed to produce silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the amine used in the reaction is usually added as an amine solution (for example, an aqueous amine solution).
- an amine solution for example, an aqueous amine solution.
- the concentration of the amine solution is 2 mol. / L or more is preferable, 4 mol / L or more is more preferable, and 6 mol / L is particularly preferable.
- an upper limit is not specifically limited, It is preferable that it is 8 mol / L or less.
- the concentration of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid in the reaction solution is preferably 0.1 to 5 mol / L, and more preferably 0.3 to 3 mol / L.
- the amine concentration in the reaction solution is preferably 0.1 to 5 mol / L, and more preferably 0.3 to 3 mol / L.
- the concentration of the silver compound in the reaction solution is 0.1 mol / L or more when the hydrogen atom bonded to the ⁇ -position carbon atom of the resulting silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is unsubstituted. Is more preferable, 0.3 mol / L or more is more preferable, and 0.5 mol / L or more is particularly preferable.
- the concentration of the silver compound in the reaction solution is preferably 0.1 mol / L or more. It is more preferably 5 mol / L or more, and particularly preferably 2 mol / L or more.
- the conditions during the reaction of ⁇ -ketocarboxylic acid and the silver compound are not particularly limited, but the reaction time is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 hours, and the reaction temperature is preferably 0 to 25 ° C.
- the produced ⁇ -ketocarboxylate may be collected and dried immediately after the reaction, for example, but it is preferable to purify by washing with alcohol such as water or ethanol.
- the second method can be exemplified by a method in which a silver compound is directly added to a ⁇ -ketocarboxylate to produce silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- a ⁇ -ketocarboxylate solution eg, ⁇ -ketocarboxylate aqueous solution
- silver compound solution eg, silver compound aqueous solution
- a silver compound may be added to the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate solution.
- an aqueous solution containing the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and nitric acid are mixed to make the aqueous solution acidic, and by-products are extracted and removed from the acidic aqueous solution.
- the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate can also be produced by a method in which an acidic aqueous solution and silver nitrate are mixed to produce silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the amine as the compounding component is not particularly limited as long as it is a primary or secondary aliphatic amine and has a total number of carbon atoms of 1 to 10, but is preferably an aliphatic bonded to a nitrogen atom.
- the hydrocarbon group is an alkyl group (alkylamine, dialkylamine).
- the alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic.
- linear or branched alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, and an n-pentyl group.
- the cyclic alkyl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclononyl group, cyclodecyl group, norbornyl group, isobornyl group, Examples thereof include an adamantyl group and a tricyclodecyl group.
- the amine preferably has 2 to 9 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 8 carbon atoms, specifically, n-propylamine, n-butylamine, n-pentylamine, Examples thereof include n-hexylamine, n-heptylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, n-octylamine, N-methylhexylamine and N-ethylhexylamine.
- the amines may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using 2 or more types together, the combination and ratio may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the ratio of the compounding amount of the amine in the total amount of the compounding components is preferably 10 to 70% by mass, and more preferably 30 to 60% by mass.
- the silver ink composition of the present invention may further contain a solvent not corresponding to the primary amine and secondary amine.
- a solvent for example, the viscosity of the silver ink composition can be adjusted.
- a silver ink composition can be apply
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not react with each compounding component, but preferably has a boiling point lower than the heating temperature of the silver ink composition described below.
- Preferable examples of the solvent include alcohols, ketones, esters, and ethers.
- the alcohols may be linear, branched or cyclic, but are preferably linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 7, and more preferably 2 to 5.
- the alcohol may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the alcohols may be monohydric alcohols or polyhydric alcohols.
- Preferable alcohols include monohydric alcohols or polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. Specific examples include ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and 2-methyl.
- Monohydric alcohols such as -1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, and 1-pentanol; and dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
- the ketones may be linear, branched or cyclic, but are preferably linear or branched.
- the carbon number is preferably 3-12.
- the ketone When the ketone is cyclic, it may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Preferred examples of the ketones include pentanone, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone, undecanone and the like.
- the esters preferably have 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the group bonded to the oxygen atom (—O—) adjacent to the carbonyl group (—C ( ⁇ O) —) forming the ester bond (—C ( ⁇ O) —O—) is An alkyl group or an alkoxyalkyl group is preferable, and an alkoxyalkyl group is more preferable.
- Preferred examples of the esters include acetates, and specific examples include 2-ethoxyethyl acetate and 2-butoxyethyl acetate.
- the ethers may be linear, branched or cyclic, and preferably have 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Preferred examples of the ethers include chain ethers such as diethyl ether and bis (2-methoxyethyl) ether; and cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran (THF).
- the solvent may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using 2 or more types together, the combination and ratio may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the ratio of the amount of the solvent in the total amount of the ingredients is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 35% by mass.
- acetylene alcohols refers to a compound having both an ethynyl group (—C ⁇ CH) and a hydroxyl group (—OH), and has a hydroxyl group, for example, and is distinguished from the solvent.
- the acetylene alcohols are preferably represented by the following general formula (II).
- R ′ and R ′′ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, or an optionally substituted phenyl group.
- the alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic.
- substituent that the phenyl group may have include a saturated or unsaturated monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and a monovalent group in which the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is bonded to an oxygen atom. Group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, hydroxyl group, cyano group, phenoxy group and the like.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group as a substituent may be linear, branched or cyclic, and examples thereof include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group and a cycloalkenyl group.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group When the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is cyclic, it may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- Preferred examples of the monovalent group in which the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is bonded to an oxygen atom include an alkoxy group, an alkenyloxy group, an alkynyloxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, and a cycloalkenyloxy group.
- R ′ and R ′′ are preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the boiling point thereof is preferably lower than the heating temperature of the silver ink composition described later.
- One of these other components may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. When using 2 or more types together, the combination and ratio may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the blending amount of the other components may be appropriately adjusted according to the type, and is not particularly limited.
- the ratio of the blending amounts of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and amine, which are essential components, and the solvent, which is an optional component, is as described above.
- the ratio of the total blending amount of these components is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 85% by mass or more, and may be 100% by mass.
- the silver ink composition of the present invention can not only form a metallic silver layer rapidly at low temperature by selecting a specific limited combination as silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and amine, but also the surface glossiness and Provided is a metallic silver layer having excellent specularity.
- a metallic silver layer having excellent specularity for example, as described above, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2009-114232 and 2009-197133, the ink composition in which silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and a compound having a lone electron pair are blended is used. It is disclosed that metallic silver excellent in stability can be formed.
- these patent documents describe that it is necessary to select a combination limited to some extent as a compound having silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and a lone electron pair in order to obtain a desired effect.
- the silver ink composition of the present invention can be produced by blending the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and the amine and, if necessary, the solvent and the other components. At the time of blending each component, these components may be added and then mixed, or some components may be mixed while being sequentially added, or all components may be mixed while being sequentially added. good.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected from known methods such as a method of mixing by rotating a stirrer or a stirring blade, a method of mixing using a mixer, a method of mixing by applying ultrasonic waves, and the like. good.
- the blending components may be dissolved in the silver ink composition, or a part or all of the components may be dispersed without being dissolved.
- the temperature at the time of blending is not particularly limited as long as each blended component does not deteriorate, but is preferably ⁇ 5 to 30 ° C.
- the substrate of the present invention is characterized in that a metal silver layer formed by heating the silver ink composition of the present invention is provided on the surface.
- the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate in the silver ink composition is decomposed by heating to form metallic silver.
- the metallic silver layer formed on the base material is excellent in appearance, such as excellent glossiness and color saturation, excellent dullness and unevenness and excellent specularity.
- the material of the substrate may be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and is not particularly limited. Specific examples include inorganic compounds such as ceramic and quartz glass; organic compounds such as various resins; and papers.
- the resin is preferably a synthetic resin, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic resin, AS resin, ABS resin, polyamide, polyacetal, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene.
- Examples thereof include naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, melamine resin, phenol resin, urea resin, polyurethane and polyimide.
- Examples of the paper include base paper, art paper, coated paper, cast coated paper, resin coated paper, glassine paper, glossy paper, and synthetic paper. Since the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate has a low decomposition temperature, it is possible to use a substrate having low heat resistance, which cannot be used in a conventional method requiring high temperature treatment.
- the substrate may have a single layer structure or a multi-layer structure.
- the materials of the plurality of base materials may all be the same, some may be different, or all may be different.
- the combination and ratio of the materials may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the thickness of the substrate can be arbitrarily set according to the material and purpose, and is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably 10 to 15000 ⁇ m.
- the metallic silver layer can be formed by applying and heating a silver ink composition on a substrate.
- the coating method of the silver ink composition is not particularly limited, and is screen printing; offset printing; dip method; ink jet method; dispenser method; air knife coater, curtain coater, die coater, blade coater, roll coater, gate roll coater, bar.
- a known method such as a method of using various coaters such as a coater, a rod coater, a gravure coater, or a spin coater; a method of using a device such as a wire bar may be used.
- the application method is selected according to the viscosity of the silver ink composition, the silver ink composition can be applied more stably.
- the coating amount of the silver ink composition is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to, for example, the blending ratio of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate in the silver ink composition, the thickness of the target metallic silver layer, and the like. .
- the thickness of the metallic silver layer can also be arbitrarily set according to the purpose, but it is usually preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the heating of the silver ink composition is preferably started after the silver ink composition is applied and before the composition and properties of the composition are changed.
- “change in composition” means, for example, the type of component contained as a result of part of the component disappearing due to volatilization of volatile components such as amines and solvents, or the addition of new components due to moisture absorption, etc. Or the ratio changes clearly.
- the “change in properties” means that the appearance is clearly changed as a result of, for example, part of the dissolved components being precipitated or separated without being precipitated. What is necessary is just to adjust the time from the completion
- the heating temperature of the silver ink composition may be appropriately adjusted according to the decomposition temperature of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate. For example, it may be the same as the decomposition temperature of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate, may be higher or lower than the decomposition temperature.
- the “decomposition temperature of silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate” refers to the decomposition temperature when silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is present alone. Therefore, when the silver ink composition contains an accelerating component that accelerates decomposition of the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate when heated, the ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is decomposed at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature. To do.
- any or all of the amines that are blending components are considered to correspond to the acceleration component.
- the heating temperature of the silver ink composition is usually preferably +0 to + 60 ° C. with respect to the decomposition temperature of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate.
- the lower limit of the heating temperature of the silver ink composition is about ⁇ 30 ° C. with respect to the decomposition temperature of the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate. May be.
- the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate is sufficiently thermally decomposed at a low temperature, for example, unlike a conventional method of forming metallic silver in which silver oxide is heated in the presence of a reducing agent, no reducing agent is required. Therefore, the kind of compounding component of the silver ink composition can be reduced. Moreover, the required heating temperature is sufficiently low as described above.
- the method for heating the silver ink composition is not particularly limited, and examples include heating with an electric furnace and heating with a thermal head. Further, heating may be performed in the air or in an inert gas atmosphere. And you may carry out under any of normal pressure and pressure reduction.
- the heating time may be appropriately set according to the heating temperature and the heating method, and is not particularly limited.
- the pH of the obtained reaction solution was 5.
- silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) 47.8 g was dissolved in water (47.8 g), and while cooling this to 5 to 10 ° C., the above pH 5 reaction solution was added dropwise over 15 minutes. The mixture was further stirred for about 10 minutes to produce silver acetoacetate.
- the obtained reaction solution was subjected to centrifugal filtration to separate crystals. The crystals were washed once with water (40 mL) and then washed three times with an appropriate amount of ethanol. This was dried to obtain silver acetoacetate crystals (white crystals) as the target product (yield 41.2 g, yield 70%).
- the infrared absorption spectrum (IR) of the obtained silver acetoacetate is shown in FIG. IR: 1705 cm ⁇ 1 , 1538 cm ⁇ 1 .
- Example 1 Manufacture of silver ink composition
- n-propylamine and 20 g of ethanol were added and stirred while cooling in an ice water bath.
- 20 g of ⁇ -methyl acetoacetate silver was further added, and the mixture was stirred until all the ingredients were dissolved, thereby producing a silver ink composition.
- the ingredients are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 A silver ink composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate, amine, and solvent shown in Table 2 were used. And the base material with which the metal silver layer was formed similarly to Example 1 was manufactured, and the characteristic of the metal silver layer was evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3. Note that “duomine CD” in Comparative Example 3 refers to N-cocoalkyl-1,3-diaminopropane. In Example 10, instead of ethanol (20 g), a mixed solvent of ethanol (10 g) / tetrahydrofuran (10 g) was used. In Example 14, instead of ethanol (20 g), a mixed solvent of ethanol (14 g) / 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone (6 g) was used.
- the metallic silver layers using the silver ink compositions of Examples 1 to 14 were all good in appearance, gloss and color.
- the metallic silver layer is In any case, the gloss was low, and the appearance was not practically acceptable.
- duomin CD in the case of the silver ink composition of Comparative Example 3 using duomin CD as an amine, duomin CD remained in the metal silver layer, and glossiness and color saturation could not be measured.
- Examples 15 to 21, Comparative Examples 4 to 5 A silver ink composition was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that silver acetoacetate was used as silver ⁇ -ketocarboxylate and that shown in Table 4 was used as amine. And the base material with which the metal silver layer was formed similarly to Example 1 was manufactured, and the characteristic of the metal silver layer was evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
- the metallic silver layers using the silver ink compositions of Examples 15 to 21 were all good in appearance, gloss and color.
- the metallic silver layer is In any case, the gloss was low, and the appearance was not practically acceptable.
- the same results as in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were obtained.
- the present invention can be used in the field of base materials for decoration and mirror surfaces provided with a metallic silver layer.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2010年7月30日に日本に出願された特願2010-172662号及び2011年6月22日に日本に出願された特願2011-138437号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
しかし、これらインク組成物から形成された金属層は、実際の金属のような光沢度が乏しく、鏡面性が低い。これは、形成された金属層において、金属原子同士の接触が不十分であることが原因の一つであると考えられる。このように、所望の金属を含むインク組成物を使用しても、所望の光沢度や鏡面性を有する金属層を形成できることはまれであり、所望の高品質な金属層を形成できるインク組成物の開発が強く望まれている。
しかし、ベヘン酸銀を使用する場合にも、金属銀を形成させるためには還元剤存在下での加熱を必要とする。また、ステアリン酸銀やα-ケトカルボン酸銀を使用する場合でも、無機物の場合よりは低いものの、速やかに分解させるために約210℃以上の加熱が必要である。
本発明は、イソブチリル酢酸銀、ベンゾイル酢酸銀、プロピオニル酢酸銀、アセト酢酸銀、α-メチルアセト酢酸銀及びα-エチルアセト酢酸銀からなる群から選択される一種以上のβ-ケトカルボン酸銀、及び炭素数が1~10の脂肪族第一級アミン又は第二級アミンが配合されてなる銀インク組成物を提供する。
本発明の銀インク組成物においては、さらに、前記第一級アミン及び第二級アミンに該当しない溶媒が配合されていても良い。
本発明の銀インク組成物においては、前記第一級アミン又は第二級アミンの窒素原子に結合している脂肪族炭化水素基が、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基であることが好ましい。
本発明の銀インク組成物においては、前記溶媒が炭素数2~5の一価アルコールを含むことが好ましい。
また、本発明は、上記本発明の銀インク組成物を加熱して形成させた金属銀層を表面に供えた基材を提供する。
本発明の銀インク組成物は、イソブチリル酢酸銀、ベンゾイル酢酸銀、プロピオニル酢酸銀、アセト酢酸銀、α-メチルアセト酢酸銀(2-メチルアセト酢酸銀)及びα-エチルアセト酢酸銀(2-エチルアセト酢酸銀)からなる群から選択される一種以上のβ-ケトカルボン酸銀、及び炭素数が1~10の脂肪族第一級アミン又は第二級アミンが配合されてなることを特徴とする。
以下、各配合成分について説明する。
前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀は、加熱によって分解し、金属銀を形成する。そして、金属銀形成時に残存する原料や不純物の濃度が極めて低く、形成された金属銀の表面は、くすみやむらが抑制されて優れた鏡面性を有するなど、外観が良好である。さらに、形成された金属銀は、銀原子同士の接触が良好で、導通性に優れ、抵抗率が低いという優れた性質を有する。
残存質量(%)=(A/B)×100
[Aはβ-ケトカルボン酸銀の熱分解後の質量(mg)、BはTGAでのβ-ケトカルボン酸銀の使用量(mg)を表す。] ・・・・(1)
銀含有量(%)=(銀の原子量/β-ケトカルボン酸銀の分子量)×100 ・・・・(2)
前記塩基の使用量は特に限定されないが、β-ケトカルボン酸エステル1モルに対して0.8~2モルであることが好ましく、0.9~1.2モルであることがより好ましい。
反応液中におけるβ-ケトカルボン酸エステルの濃度は、0.5~6.25mol/Lであることが好ましく、1~5.6mol/Lであることがより好ましい。
反応時間は、0.5~48時間であることが好ましく、1~4時間であることがより好ましい。
まず、β-ケトカルボン酸塩に酸を添加し、生成したβ-ケトカルボン酸を有機溶媒で抽出する。前記酸は特に限定されないが、好ましいものとして、硫酸、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硝酸、リン酸、酢酸等が例示できる。酸の使用量は特に限定されず、例えば、β-ケトカルボン酸塩の塩を構成するカチオン部の量に相当する量のプロトン(H+)を供給できれば良い。また、β-ケトカルボン酸塩を前工程で単離せずにそのまま使用した場合には、前工程での塩基使用量に相当する量のプロトン(H+)を供給できれば良い。
生成したβ-ケトカルボン酸を有機溶媒で抽出することにより、β-ケトカルボン酸銀の純度をさらに向上させることができる。
本工程で得られるβ-ケトカルボン酸は、例えば、生成後、速やかに氷冷等により冷却して、次工程で使用することが好ましい。
反応液における溶媒としては、エーテル等の有機溶媒、水、これらの混合液が例示できる。
β-ケトカルボン酸及び銀化合物は、それぞれ一種を使用しても良く、いずれか一方又は双方を二種以上使用しても良い。
前記β-ケトカルボン酸液の濃度は、特に限定されないが、0.2mol/L以上であることが好ましく、0.5mol/L以上であることがより好ましい。
前記アミンの添加量は特に限定されないが、例えば、銀化合物1モルに対して1~1.5モルであることが好ましく、1~1.1モルであることがより好ましい。
前記アミンの添加によって、β-ケトカルボン酸は有機層から水層へ移動する。このため、前記アミンを添加する場合には、例えば、β-ケトカルボン酸液(例えば、有機溶媒溶液)におけるβ-ケトカルボン酸濃度は、特に考慮しなくても良い。また、β-ケトカルボン酸を有機層から水層へ移動させ、この段階で水層のみを分取して、β-ケトカルボン酸水溶液(水層)と銀化合物溶液(例えば、銀化合物水溶液)とを混合し、β-ケトカルボン酸銀を生成させても良い。
また、前記反応液中のアミンの濃度は、0.1~5mol/Lであることが好ましく、0.3~3mol/Lであることがより好ましい。
また、前記反応液中の前記銀化合物の濃度は、生成するβ-ケトカルボン酸銀の、α位の炭素原子に結合している水素原子が未置換の場合、0.1mol/L以上であることが好ましく、0.3mol/L以上であることがより好ましく、0.5mol/L以上であることが特に好ましい。一方、α位の炭素原子に結合している水素原子が置換基で置換されている場合、前記反応液中の前記銀化合物の濃度は、0.1mol/L以上であることが好ましく、0.5mol/L以上であることがより好ましく、2mol/L以上であることが特に好ましい。
配合成分である前記アミンは、第一級又は第二級の脂肪族系アミンで炭素原子の総数が1~10であれば特に限定されないが、好ましいものとして、窒素原子に結合している脂肪族炭化水素基がアルキル基であるもの(アルキルアミン、ジアルキルアミン)が例示できる。そして、前記アルキル基は、直鎖状、分岐鎖状及び環状のいずれでも良い。
前記直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、ネオペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、2-メチルペンチル基、3-メチルペンチル基、4-メチルペンチル基、1,1-ジメチルブチル基、2,2-ジメチルブチル基、3,3-ジメチルブチル基、1,2-ジメチルブチル基、1,3-ジメチルブチル基、2,3-ジメチルブチル基、n-ヘプチル基、n-オクチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、ノニル基、デシル基等が例示できる。
前記環状のアルキル基は、単環状及び多環状のいずれでも良く、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、シクロオクチル基、シクロノニル基、シクロデシル基、ノルボルニル基、イソボルニル基、アダマンチル基、トリシクロデシル基等が例示できる。
本発明の銀インク組成物には、さらに、前記第一級アミン及び第二級アミンに該当しない溶媒が配合されていても良い。前記溶媒を配合することで、例えば、銀インク組成物の粘度を調節できる。そして、後述する銀インク組成物の塗布方法に適した粘度に調節することで、銀インク組成物を一層安定して塗布できる。
好ましい前記溶媒としては、アルコール類、ケトン類、エステル類、エーテル類が例示できる。
また、前記アルコール類は、一価アルコール及び多価アルコールのいずれでも良い。
好ましい前記アルコール類としては、炭素数2~5の一価アルコール又は多価アルコールが例示でき、具体例としては、エタノール、1-プロパノール、2-プロパノール、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、2-メチル-1-プロパノール、2-メチル-2-プロパノール、1-ペンタノール等の一価アルコール;エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等の二価アルコールが挙げられる。
好ましい前記ケトン類としては、ペンタノン、2,4-ジメチル-3-ペンタノン、2,6-ジメチル-4-ヘプタノン、ウンデカノン等が例示できる。
好ましい前記エステル類としては、酢酸エステル類が例示でき、具体例としては、酢酸2-エトキシエチル、酢酸2-ブトキシエチルが挙げられる。
好ましい前記エーテル類としては、ジエチルエーテル、ビス(2-メトキシエチル)エーテル等の鎖状エーテル類;テトラヒドロフラン(THF)等の環状エーテル類が例示できる。
本発明の銀インク組成物には、前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀、前記アミン及び前記溶媒以外に、これらに該当しないその他の成分が配合されていても良い。
好ましいその他の成分としては、アセチレンアルコール類が例示できる。ここで、「アセチレンアルコール類」とは、エチニル基(-C≡CH)と水酸基(-OH)を共に有する化合物を指し、例えば、水酸基を有するが、前記溶媒とは区別する。
前記アルキル基は、直鎖状、分岐鎖状及び環状のいずれでも良い。
フェニル基が有していても良い前記置換基としては、炭素数が1~16の飽和又は不飽和の一価の脂肪族炭化水素基、この脂肪族炭化水素基が酸素原子に結合した一価の基、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、水酸基、シアノ基、フェノキシ基等が例示できる。
置換基としての前記脂肪族炭化水素基は、直鎖状、分岐鎖状及び環状のいずれでも良く、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基等が例示できる。前記脂肪族炭化水素基が環状である場合、単環状及び多環状のいずれでも良い。
前記脂肪族炭化水素基が酸素原子に結合した一価の基の好ましいものとしては、アルコキシ基、アルケニルオキシ基、アルキニルオキシ基、シクロアルコキシ基、シクロアルケニルオキシ基等が例示できる。
フェニル基が置換基を有する場合、この置換基の数及び位置は特に限定されない。
R’及びR’’は、炭素数1~20のアルキル基であることが好ましく、炭素数1~10の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基であることがより好ましい。
前記その他の成分の配合量は、その種類に応じて適宜調節すれば良く、特に限定されない。
本発明の銀インク組成物は、前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀及び前記アミン、並びに必要に応じて、前記溶媒、前記その他の成分を配合することで、製造できる。
各成分の配合時には、すべての成分を添加してからこれらを混合しても良いし、一部の成分を順次添加しながら混合しても良く、すべての成分を順次添加しながら混合しても良い。
混合方法は特に限定されず、撹拌子又は撹拌翼等を回転させて混合する方法、ミキサーを使用して混合する方法、超音波を印加して混合する方法等、公知の方法から適宜選択すれば良い。
本発明の基材は、上記本発明の銀インク組成物を加熱して形成させた金属銀層を表面に供えたことを特徴とする。
銀インク組成物中の前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀は、加熱により分解して金属銀を形成する。そして、基材上に形成された金属銀層は、光沢度、色彩度に優れ、くすみやむらが抑制されて優れた鏡面性を有するなど、外観が良好である。
前記樹脂としては、合成樹脂が好ましく、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリスチレン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、アクリル樹脂、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリアミド、ポリアセタール、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリブチレンナフタレート、ポリフェニレンスルファイド、ポリスルホン、ポリカーボネート、エポキシ樹脂、メラミン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、尿素樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリイミド等が例示できる。
前記紙類としては、原紙、アート紙、コート紙、キャストコート紙、レジンコート紙、グラシン紙、光沢紙、合成紙等が例示できる。
前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀は、分解温度が低いので、高温処理が必要な従来の方法では使用できない耐熱性の低い基材も使用できる。
銀インク組成物の塗布方法は、特に限定されず、スクリーン印刷;オフセット印刷;ディップ方式;インクジェット方式;ディスペンサー方式;エアーナイフコーター、カーテンコーター、ダイコーター、ブレードコーター、ロールコーター、ゲートロールコーター、バーコーター、ロッドコーター、グラビアコーター、スピンコーター等の各種コーターを使用する方法;ワイヤーバー等の装置を使用する方法等の公知の方法で良い。塗布方法は、例えば、銀インク組成物の粘度に応じて選択すると、銀インク組成物を一層安定して塗布できる。
金属銀層の厚さも、目的に応じて任意に設定できるが、通常は0.1~1μmであることが好ましい。
銀インク組成物の塗布終了から加熱開始までの時間は、銀インク組成物の配合成分の組み合わせに応じて調節すれば良い。
銀インク組成物の加熱温度は、通常は、前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀の分解温度に対して+0~+60℃であることが好ましい。そして、前記促進成分が銀インク組成物中に配合されている場合には、銀インク組成物の加熱温度の下限値は、前記β-ケトカルボン酸銀の分解温度に対して-30℃程度であっても良い。加熱温度をこのように設定することで、β-ケトカルボン酸銀の分解を一層確実に進行させることができる。
(α-メチルアセト酢酸銀の合成)
水酸化ナトリウム(1.92g)を水(8ml)に溶解させ、これを室温で撹拌しながら、2-メチルアセト酢酸エチル(和光純薬社製、5.77g)を滴下し、さらに30分間撹拌した。その後、ロータリーエバポレーターによってエタノールを除去し、残留した水層をエーテルで洗浄した。これにエーテル(20ml)を添加し、さらに、氷冷下で撹拌しながら、水8mlに濃硫酸2.35gを溶解させたものを滴下した。エーテル層を分取し、水層を塩析した後にエーテルで抽出した。エーテル層を集め、α-メチルアセト酢酸のエーテル溶液を得た。
得られたα-メチルアセト酢酸銀の赤外線吸収スペクトル(IR)を図1に示す。
IR:1692cm-1、1523cm-1
元素分析値:C=26.49%、H=3.11%、Ag=48.91%(理論値:C=26.93%、H=3.16%、Ag=48.36%)
NMR:1.25ppm 3H d, 2.25ppm 3H s, 3.55ppm 1H q, J=7Hz
(イソブチリル酢酸銀の合成)
水酸化ナトリウム(0.4g)を水(10ml)に溶解させ、これにメチルイソブチリルアセテート(フルカ社製、1.44g)を加え、室温で6時間撹拌した。反応生成物をエーテルで洗浄し、10%希硫酸(4.9g)を加えてエーテルで抽出した。エーテル抽出液に過剰の無水硫酸ナトリウムを加えて乾燥させ、濾過によって無水硫酸ナトリウムを除去した。そして、ロータリーエバポレーターによってエーテルを除去し、イソブチリル酢酸を得た(収量1g)。
得られたイソブチリル酢酸銀の赤外線吸収スペクトル(IR)を図2に示す。
IR:1709cm-1、1505cm-1
元素分析値:C 30.33, H 3.65, N 0.00, Ag 45.42(計算値:C 30.41, H 3.84, Ag 45.51)
NMR:1.00ppm 6H d, 2.83ppm 1H 5重線, 3.30ppm 2H s, J=7Hz
(ベンゾイル酢酸銀の合成)
水酸化ナトリウム(0.4g)を水(10ml)に溶解させ、これにエチルベンゾイルアセテート(アルドリッチ社製、2.14g:純度90%)を加えて室温で終夜撹拌した。反応生成物をエーテルで洗浄し、10%希硫酸(4.9g)を加え、エーテルで抽出した。エーテル抽出液に過剰の無水硫酸ナトリウムを加えて乾燥させ、濾過によって無水硫酸ナトリウムを除去した。そして、ロータリーエバポレーターによってエーテルを除去し、ベンゾイル酢酸を得た(収量1.05g)。
得られたベンゾイル酢酸銀の赤外線吸収スペクトル(IR)を図3に示す。
IR:1687cm-1、1540cm-1。
NMR:3.55ppm 2H s, 7.45~8.00ppm 5H m
(アセト酢酸銀の合成)
水冷下、水酸化ナトリウム(NaOH)(15.8g)を水(213.8g)に溶解させ、得られた水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の温度を室温に調節し、これを20℃のアセト酢酸エチル(井上香料製造所社製、51.5g)に20分間かけて全量滴下して、さらに引き続き20℃で一晩撹拌し、加水分解を行った。
次いで、得られたアセト酢酸ナトリウムを含む溶液を5~10℃に冷却しながら、ここに69%硝酸(HNO3)水溶液(1.73g)を5分間かけて滴下して、さらに約10分間撹拌した。この時、得られた反応液のpHは5であった。
次いで、硝酸銀(AgNO3)(47.8g)を水(47.8g)に溶解させ、これを5~10℃に冷却しながら、ここに上記のpH5の反応液を15分間かけて全量滴下して、さらに約10分間撹拌することにより、アセト酢酸銀を生成させた。
次いで、得られた反応液を遠心濾過して結晶をろ別し、この結晶を水(40mL)で1回洗浄した後、適量のエタノールで3回洗浄した。これを乾燥させることにより、目的物であるアセト酢酸銀の結晶(白色結晶)を得た(収量41.2g、収率70%)。
得られたアセト酢酸銀の赤外線吸収スペクトル(IR)を図4に示す。
IR:1705cm-1、1538cm-1。
NMR:2.17ppm 3H s, 3.25ppm 2H s
(銀インク組成物の製造)
100mlビーカーにn-プロピルアミン40g、エタノール20gを加え、氷水浴下で冷却しながら撹拌した。そして、さらにα-メチルアセト酢酸銀20gを加え、すべての配合成分が溶解するまで撹拌することで、銀インク組成物を製造した。配合成分を表2に示す。
得られた銀インク組成物を、縦50mm、横50mm、厚さ188μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート製の基材(東山フィルム製、HK31WF)表面にほぼ等間隔をあけて12滴滴下した後、これを回転させるスピンコーター法により、基材表面に均一に塗布した。
次いで、直ちに(塗布終了から約15秒後に)、基材を約150℃で5分間加熱することで、基材表面に金属銀層を形成した。
得られた金属銀層について、下記方法により(1)外観、(2)光沢度、(3)色彩度をそれぞれ評価した。
(1)外観
肉眼観察により、下記評価基準に従って(a)鏡面性、(b)くすみ、(c)ムラの程度をそれぞれ評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。
◎:極めて優れている
○:優れている
△:標準的で実用上問題ない
×:実用上問題がある
(2)光沢度
micro-TRI-gloss geometry 85°(BYK-Gardner GmbH製)を使用して、常法により評価した。
(3)色彩度
SPECTROPHOTOMETER(X-Rite Inc.製)を使用して、常法により評価した。
β-ケトカルボン酸銀、アミン、溶媒として、それぞれ表2に示すものを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に銀インク組成物を製造した。そして、実施例1と同様に金属銀層が形成された基材を製造し、金属銀層の特性を評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。
なお、比較例3における「デュオミンCD」とは、N-ヤシアルキル-1,3-ジアミノプロパンを指す。また、実施例10では、エタノール(20g)に代えてエタノール(10g)/テトラヒドロフラン(10g)の混合溶媒を使用した。実施例14では、エタノール(20g)に代えてエタノール(14g)/2,6-ジメチル-4-ヘプタノン(6g)の混合溶媒を使用した。
これに対して、アミンとして2-フェニルエチルアミンを使用した比較例1の銀インク組成物、アミンとして脂肪族第三級アミンを使用した比較例2の銀インク組成物の場合、金属銀層は、いずれも光沢度が低く、外観も実用上許容できるものではなかった。
また、アミンとしてデュオミンCDを使用した比較例3の銀インク組成物の場合、金属銀層にデュオミンCDが残留し、光沢度及び色彩度は測定できなかった。
β-ケトカルボン酸銀としてアセト酢酸銀を、アミンとして表4に示すものを、それぞれ使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に銀インク組成物を製造した。そして、実施例1と同様に金属銀層が形成された基材を製造し、金属銀層の特性を評価した。評価結果を表5に示す。
これに対して、アミンとして2-フェニルエチルアミンを使用した比較例4の銀インク組成物、アミンとして脂肪族第三級アミンを使用した比較例5の銀インク組成物の場合、金属銀層は、いずれも光沢度が低く、外観も実用上許容できるものではなかった。
このように、さらに異なる種類のβ-ケトカルボン酸銀を使用した場合でも、実施例1~14及び比較例1~2と同様の結果が得られた。
Claims (7)
- イソブチリル酢酸銀、ベンゾイル酢酸銀、プロピオニル酢酸銀、アセト酢酸銀、α-メチルアセト酢酸銀及びα-エチルアセト酢酸銀からなる群から選択される一種以上のβ-ケトカルボン酸銀、及び炭素数が1~10の脂肪族第一級アミン又は第二級アミンが配合されてなる銀インク組成物。
- さらに、前記第一級アミン及び第二級アミンに該当しない溶媒が配合されてなる請求項1に記載の銀インク組成物。
- 前記第一級アミン又は第二級アミンの窒素原子に結合している脂肪族炭化水素基が、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基である請求項1に記載の銀インク組成物。
- 前記第一級アミン又は第二級アミンの窒素原子に結合している脂肪族炭化水素基が、直鎖状又は分岐鎖状のアルキル基である請求項2に記載の銀インク組成物。
- 前記溶媒が炭素数2~5の一価アルコールを含む請求項2に記載の銀インク組成物。
- 前記溶媒が炭素数2~5の一価アルコールを含む請求項4に記載の銀インク組成物。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の銀インク組成物を加熱して形成させた金属銀層を表面に供える基材。
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JP2014080579A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-05-08 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | 銀インク組成物、導電体及び通信機器 |
JP2014193991A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-10-09 | Toppan Forms Co Ltd | 銀インク組成物、導電体及び通信機器 |
US10040960B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2018-08-07 | Toppan Forms Co., Ltd. | Silver ink composition, conductor and communication device |
US20160286653A1 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2016-09-29 | Toppan Forms Co., Ltd. | Laminate and circuit board |
US10849231B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2020-11-24 | Toppan Forms Co., Ltd. | Laminate and circuit board |
WO2015192248A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-23 | National Research Council Of Canada | Molecular inks |
EP3689984A1 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2020-08-05 | National Research Council of Canada | Molecular inks |
US11525066B2 (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2022-12-13 | National Research Council Of Canada | Molecular inks |
US11472980B2 (en) | 2017-02-08 | 2022-10-18 | National Research Council Of Canada | Molecular ink with improved thermal stability |
US11866748B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2024-01-09 | Novozymes A/S | Compositions comprising polypeptides having mannanase activity |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20130121872A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
US9328254B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
EP2599840A1 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
JP2012046728A (ja) | 2012-03-08 |
JP5906027B2 (ja) | 2016-04-20 |
KR20130027552A (ko) | 2013-03-15 |
CN103038294A (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
EP2599840A4 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
KR101508223B1 (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
EP2599840B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
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