WO2012005013A1 - ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
ゴム組成物及びそれを用いた空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012005013A1 WO2012005013A1 PCT/JP2011/003947 JP2011003947W WO2012005013A1 WO 2012005013 A1 WO2012005013 A1 WO 2012005013A1 JP 2011003947 W JP2011003947 W JP 2011003947W WO 2012005013 A1 WO2012005013 A1 WO 2012005013A1
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- 0 C*C(*C)=N* Chemical compound C*C(*C)=N* 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
- C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
- C08K7/26—Silicon- containing compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/006—Additives being defined by their surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition that can sufficiently achieve both rolling resistance and wear resistance when applied to a tire member, and a pneumatic tire using the same.
- a pneumatic tire is required to have high performance that can satisfy a plurality of performances simultaneously.
- tire members such as treads are strongly desired to have both tire rolling resistance and wear resistance.
- more trial and error have been performed than before. Yes.
- hydrous silicic acid is used as one of the reinforcing fillers.
- the wear resistance of the tires is to some extent. Although it can be improved, the rolling resistance may decrease, and in some cases, the viscosity of the unvulcanized rubber may increase more than necessary, and the processability may deteriorate.
- Patent Document 1 pays attention to the fact that the use of hydrous silicic acid with primary particles having a large particle size can cause a decrease in storage elastic modulus, while maintaining good dispersibility, and storage elastic modulus.
- a technique using hydrous silicic acid with controlled cohesive force is also disclosed.
- hydrous silicic acid particles generally have a large number of pores with openings on the outer surface, and these pores are involved in the adsorption of rubber molecular chains. Since it is presumed that it contributes to the improvement of rolling resistance and wear resistance, it is also desirable to define the pore shape of such hydrous silicic acid.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a rubber composition capable of sufficiently achieving both rolling resistance and wear resistance when applied to a tire member such as a tread.
- the present inventor has found a rubber composition containing a hydrous silicic acid having specific physical properties that are also involved in the shape of pores having openings on the outer surface of the particles. It came to complete.
- the rubber composition of the first invention of the present application has an ink bottle-like pore index (IB),
- IB ink bottle-like pore index
- the pressure is 1 to 32000 PSI in a measurement using a mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method.
- IB M2-M1 (X) Which is the value found in Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) (m 2 / g) and the ink bottle-like pore index (IB) are represented by the following formula (I): IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.36 ⁇ CTAB + 86.8 (I) Hydrous silicic acid satisfying the above is blended with the rubber component.
- the rubber composition of the second invention of the present application has an ink bottle-like pore index (IB),
- IB ink bottle-like pore index
- the pressure is 1 to 32000 PSI in a measurement using a mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method.
- IB M2-M1 (X) Which is the value found in Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) (m 2 / g) and the ink bottle-like pore index (IB) are represented by the following formulas (I ′) and (II): IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.56 ⁇ CTAB + 110.4 (CTAB ⁇ 140) (I ′) IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.20 ⁇ CTAB + 60.0 (where 140 ⁇ CTAB) (II) And loss on ignition (mass loss when heated at 750 ° C.
- the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) of the hydrous silicate is preferably 50 to 300 m 2 / g.
- the rubber component may be a natural rubber and / or a diene synthetic rubber, and the hydrous silicic acid may be blended in an amount of 10 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. Good.
- a silane coupling agent may be further blended in an amount of 1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrous silicic acid.
- the silane coupling agent is represented by the following formula (IV): A m B 3-m Si— (CH 2 ) a —S b — (CH 2 ) a —SiA m B 3-m (IV) [In the formula (IV), A is C n H 2n + 1 O (n is an integer of 1 to 3) or a chlorine atom, B is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 1 to 3, a is an integer of 1 to 9, and b is an integer of 1 or more. However, when m is 1, B may be the same or different from each other, and when m is 2 or 3, A may be the same or different from each other.
- m 1, B may be the same or different from each other, and when m is 2 or 3, A may be the same or different from each other.
- R 1 represents R 6 O—, R 6 C ( ⁇ O) O—, R 6 R 7 C ⁇ NO—, R 6 R 7 NO—, R 6 R 7 N— and — (OSiR 6 R 7 ) n (OSiR 5 R 6 R 7 ) and having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (provided that R 6 and R 7 are each independently an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, Selected from a group, a cycloalkenyl group and an aryl group, and having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and n being 0 to 10); R 2 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon
- R 4 is selected from an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a cycloalkylalkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, and an aralkylene group, and has 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 5 is selected from an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group, and has 1 to 18 carbon atoms. It is desirable that it is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the formula:
- Carbon black may be further blended in an amount of 80 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber, and the total amount of the hydrous silicic acid and the carbon black may be 120 parts by mass or less.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is characterized in that the rubber composition is applied to a tire member.
- hydrous silicic acid having specific physical properties related to the shape of pores having openings on the outer surface of the particles is blended, so that it is excellent when used in a tire. It can have both rolling resistance and wear resistance. Therefore, a high-performance pneumatic tire can be realized by using such a rubber composition as a tire member.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (partially enlarged view) in the inner-center direction of hydrous silicic acid particles. It is a mercury intrusion discharge curve (schematic diagram) of hydrous silicate by measurement using a mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method.
- the vertical axis represents the differential mercury intrusion amount ( ⁇ dV / d (log d)) in the mercury intrusion curve C, and the differential mercury discharge amount ( ⁇ dV / d (log d)) in the mercury discharge curve D.
- V represents the mercury intrusion amount (cc) in the mercury intrusion curve C, and mercury discharge (cc) in the mercury discharge curve D
- d represents the diameter (nm) of the opening in the pores of the hydrous silicic acid. means.
- the horizontal axis indicates this d (nm).
- the rubber composition according to the first invention has an ink bottle-like pore index (IB) of
- IB ink bottle-like pore index
- hydrous silicic acid having pores with an opening on the outer surface having a diameter in the range of 1.2 ⁇ 10 5 nm to 6 nm
- the pressure is 1 to 32000 PSI in a measurement using a mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method.
- IB M2-M1 (X) Which is the value found in Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) (m 2 / g) and the ink bottle-like pore index (IB) are represented by the following formula (I): IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.36 ⁇ CTAB + 86.8 (I) Hydrous silicic acid satisfying the above is blended with the rubber component.
- the rubber composition according to the second invention has an ink bottle-like pore index (IB),
- IB ink bottle-like pore index
- the pressure is 1 to 32000 PSI in a measurement using a mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method.
- IB M2-M1 (X) Which is the value found in Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) (m 2 / g) and the ink bottle-like pore index (IB) are represented by the following formulas (I ′) and (II): IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.56 ⁇ CTAB + 110.4 (CTAB ⁇ 140) (I ′) IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.20 ⁇ CTAB + 60.0 (where 140 ⁇ CTAB) (II) And loss on ignition (mass loss when heated at 750 ° C.
- natural rubber or diene synthetic rubber can be used alone, or natural rubber and diene synthetic rubber can be used in combination.
- the diene synthetic rubber include polyisoprene rubber (IR), styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), and polybutadiene rubber (BR). Of these, styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR) is preferable.
- SBR styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber
- These diene synthetic rubbers may be used alone or in a blend of two or more.
- cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (m 2 / g) means a value measured according to ASTM D3765-92.
- ASTM D3765-92 is a method for measuring CTAB of carbon black, in this specification, instead of the standard product IRB # 3 (83.0 m 2 / g), a separate cetyltrimethylamnium bromide (hereinafter referred to as “CITAB”) is used.
- CITAB cetyltrimethylamnium bromide
- CE-TRAB thereby standardizing a hydrous silicate OT (sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate) solution, and blocking adsorption per CE-TRAB molecule on the hydrous silicate surface.
- the specific surface area (m 2 / g) calculated from the adsorption amount of CE-TRAB is taken as the value of CTAB, assuming that the area is 0.35 nm 2 . This is because carbon black and hydrous silicic acid have different surfaces, and it is considered that there is a difference in the amount of CE-TRAB adsorbed even with the same surface area.
- the ink bottle-like pore index (IB) is a mercury intrusion method for hydrous silicic acid having pores having an opening on the outer surface with a diameter of 1.2 ⁇ 10 5 nm to 6 nm.
- IB M2-M1 (X) Means the value obtained by.
- Measurement using a mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method is simpler than the measurement using an electron microscope, which has been widely used to evaluate pore morphology, and is a useful method because it has superior quantitativeness. is there.
- hydrous silicic acid particles have a large number of concave pores having openings on the outer surface thereof.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view simulating the shape of these pores in the cross section in the inner center direction of the hydrous silicic acid particles.
- Pores exhibited a concave according nisin cross section in the particle are exhibited various shapes, and the pore diameter (inner diameter) R a in the inner diameter M a and particles of the opening in the outer surface of the particles of substantially the same If there is a pore A having a shape, that is, a substantially cylindrical shape in a cross section in the inner center direction of the particle, the diameter M b of the opening on the outer surface of the particle is narrower than the pore diameter (inner diameter) R b inside the particle. There are also pores B that have a shape, that is, an ink bottle shape in a cross section in the inner-center direction of the particles.
- the rubber molecule chain is less likely to enter from the outer surface of the particle to the inside.
- the chains cannot be sufficiently adsorbed, rolling resistance may be lowered, and reinforcing properties may be insufficient, and it may be difficult to improve wear resistance. Therefore, if the number of pores B exhibiting such an ink bottle shape is reduced and the number of pores A exhibiting a substantially cylindrical shape in the cross section in the inner center direction of the particle is increased, the penetration of rubber molecular chains can be efficiently promoted. It is possible to contribute to the improvement of the wear resistance by exhibiting sufficient reinforcement without reducing the rolling resistance.
- the water-containing silicic acid to be blended with the rubber component defines the ink bottle-shaped pore index (IB) in order to reduce the number of pores B exhibiting an ink bottle shape in the cross section in the inner center direction of the particles.
- IB ink bottle-shaped pore index
- the substantially cylindrical pore A has an opening on the outer surface, so the mercury inside the pore.
- the opening on the outer surface of the pore B having an ink bottle shape is closed, it is difficult for mercury to be injected into the pore.
- hysteresis occurs in the mercury intrusion curve CD. That is, mercury is gradually injected into the pore A having a substantially cylindrical shape under a relatively low pressure, but when the pressure reaches a certain pressure, the pore having an ink bottle shape to which mercury has been difficult to enter until then. Mercury is also injected into pores other than those having a substantially cylindrical shape, including B, and the amount of intrusion increases rapidly.
- the vertical axis indicates the differential mercury intrusion amount ( ⁇ dV / d (loglod)).
- the press-fitting curve C is drawn.
- the pressure is lowered after the pressure has been sufficiently increased, mercury remains difficult to be discharged at a relatively high pressure, but when it reaches a certain pressure, it is pressed into the pores.
- Mercury was discharged to the outside of the pores at once, the discharge amount increased rapidly, the vertical axis was the differential mercury discharge amount (-dV / d (loglod)), and the horizontal axis was the opening in the pores of hydrous silicic acid
- the discharge curve D is drawn when the diameter is M (nm).
- the pressure is measured in the measurement using the mercury porosimeter based on the mercury intrusion method according to the above formula (X).
- the difference IB from the diameter (M2) (nm) of the ink is obtained, such a value apparently shows a difference between these diameters (length: nm), but is substantially in the form of an ink bottle present in the hydrous silicic acid.
- the pore index indicating the abundance ratio of the pores B exhibiting.
- the smaller the proportion of the pores B having a sufficiently narrow opening that occupy the ink bottle shape the closer the mercury intrusion amount and the mercury discharge amount are to the same amount, and the opening showing the maximum value of the mercury intrusion amount.
- the difference between the diameter (M1) of the portion and the diameter (M2) of the opening showing the maximum value of the mercury discharge amount is shortened, and the IB value is reduced.
- the larger the proportion of the ink bottle-shaped pores B the smaller the mercury discharge amount than the mercury intrusion amount.
- the maximum diameter of the mercury intrusion amount (M1) and the mercury discharge amount The difference with the diameter (M2) of the opening showing the maximum value increases, and the IB value increases.
- the hydrous silicic acid used in the first invention is represented by the following formula (I): IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.36 ⁇ CTAB + 86.8 (I) Meet.
- IB and CTAB are hydrous silicic acids satisfying the above formula (I)
- the number of pores B having an ink bottle shape having a narrow opening is effectively reduced, and the presence of pores A having a substantially cylindrical shape is occupied Since the ratio increases, it is possible to sufficiently penetrate and adsorb rubber molecular chains, exhibit sufficient reinforcement, and improve wear resistance without reducing rolling resistance in the tire. Become.
- the hydrous silicic acid used in the second invention has the following formulas (I ′) and (II) with a CTAB of 140 (m 2 / g) as a boundary: IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.56 ⁇ CTAB + 110.4 (CTAB ⁇ 140) (I ′) IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.20 ⁇ CTAB + 60.0 (where 140 ⁇ CTAB) (II) Satisfying the following formulas (I′-1) and (II-1) IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.48 ⁇ CTAB + 97.2 (CTAB ⁇ 140) (I′ ⁇ 1) IB ⁇ ⁇ 0.20 ⁇ CTAB + 58.0 (where 140 ⁇ CTAB) (II-1) It is preferable to satisfy.
- IB and CTAB are hydrous silicic acids satisfying the above formulas (I ′) to (II), preferably (I′-1) to (II-1), they are fine bottles having a narrow opening. Since the number of pores B is effectively reduced and the presence ratio of the pores A having a substantially cylindrical shape increases, the rubber molecular chains can be sufficiently infiltrated and adsorbed, exhibiting sufficient reinforcement, The wear resistance can be improved without reducing the rolling resistance of the tire.
- the hydrated silicic acid preferably has a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area (CTAB) of preferably 50 to 300 m 2 / g, more preferably 90 to 220 m 2 / g. If the CTAB is less than 50 m 2 / g, the wear resistance of the resulting tire may be significantly reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 300 m 2 / g, the hydrous silicic acid cannot be dispersed well in the rubber component, and the processability of the rubber may be remarkably lowered, and the physical properties such as wear resistance tend to be lowered.
- CTAB cetyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption specific surface area
- the hydrous silicic acid further has a loss on ignition (mass loss when heated at 750 ° C. for 3 hours) (mass%), and a loss on heating (2 at 105 ° C.).
- the amount of decrease in mass when heated for a period of time (mass%) is represented by the following formula (III): Burning weight loss-Heating weight loss ⁇ 2.5 (mass%) (III) Meet.
- the above formula (III) is preferably the following formula (III-1).
- Burning weight loss-Heating weight loss ⁇ 3.0 (mass%) (III-1) The above “loss on ignition—loss on heating” is an index of the silanol group density on the surface of the hydrous silicic acid. From the viewpoint of the interaction between the hydrous silicic acid and the rubber molecular chain, the hydrous silicic acid is represented by the formulas (I) and (II In addition to satisfying the above (III), it greatly contributes to exhibiting a good balance between rolling resistance and wear resistance.
- the amount of the hydrous silicic acid is preferably 10 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. If the amount of hydrous silicic acid is less than 10 parts by mass, the low heat build-up of the rubber composition may be impaired, and if it exceeds 150 parts by mass, the processability of the rubber is reduced and the resulting tire has wear resistance. There is also a risk of reducing the nature.
- a silane coupling agent is further added in an amount of 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 16 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 12 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned hydrous silicic acid. It is desirable to be made.
- the silane coupling agent in an amount of 1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of hydrous silicic acid, the effect of hydrous silicic acid blending is further improved, such as low exothermic property and storage elastic modulus of the rubber composition. While the physical properties can be further improved, even if blended in an amount exceeding 20 parts by mass, the low heat build-up, storage elastic modulus and the like cannot be further improved, and the cost may increase.
- silane coupling agent As said silane coupling agent, following formula (IV); A m B 3-m Si— (CH 2 ) a —S b — (CH 2 ) a —SiA m B 3-m (IV) [In the formula (IV), A, B, m, a and b are as defined above], a compound represented by the following formula (V); A m B 3-m Si— (CH 2 ) c —Y (V) [In the formula (V), A, B, Y, m, and c are as defined above], a compound represented by the following formula (VI); A m B 3-m Si— (CH 2 ) a —S b —Z (VI) [In the formula (VI), A, B, Z, m, a, and b are as defined above], and the following formula (VII); R 1 x R 2 y R 3 z Si—R 4 —S—CO—R 5 (VII) [Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (IV) include bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-methyldimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-Triethoxysilylethyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (V) include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3 -Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane and the like.
- trade name “VP ⁇ Si363 ”manufactured by Evonik Degussa is cited.
- the compound represented by the above formula (VI) includes 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N, N-dimethylcarbamoyl tetrasulfide, 3-trimethoxysilylpropylbenzothiazolyl tetrasulfide, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl. And methacryloyl monosulfide.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched. Examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and an isopropyl group.
- the alkenyl group may be linear or branched, and examples of the alkenyl group include a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a methanyl group.
- examples of the cycloalkyl group include a cyclohexyl group and an ethylcyclohexyl group
- examples of the cycloalkenyl group include a cyclohexenyl group and an ethylcyclohexenyl group
- examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group and a tolyl group.
- examples of the aralkyl group include a phenethyl group.
- the alkylene group may be linear or branched, and examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, and a propylene group.
- examples of the cycloalkylene group include a cyclohexylene group.
- the alkenylene group may be linear or branched, and examples of the alkenylene group include a vinylene group and a propenylene group.
- the cycloalkylalkylene group include a cyclohexylmethylene group
- examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group
- examples of the aralkylene group include a xylylene group.
- the — [O (R 8 O) m ] 0.5 — group is a 1,2-ethanedioxy group, 1,3-propanedioxy group, 1,4-butanedioxy group, 1,5-pentanedioxy group, 1,6-hexanedioxy group and the like can be mentioned.
- the silane coupling agent has a cyclic structure containing a nitrogen atom (N) and a silicic atom (Si) and one or more sulfur atoms (S) in the molecule, and has a small steric hindrance.
- An organosilicon compound having a site in which one or more groups are bonded to a silicon atom (Si) can be used.
- This organosilicon compound has a cyclic structure containing a nitrogen atom (N) and a silicon atom (Si), and the cyclic structure is stable even when it contains a silicon-oxygen bond (Si—O). is there. Therefore, the silicon-oxygen bond (Si—O) is not hydrolyzed to generate an alcohol component, and the volatile organic compound (VOC) gas in use can be reduced.
- the organosilicon compound contains a nitrogen-containing functional group such as an amino group, an imino group, a substituted amino group, or a substituted imino group that has a high affinity with the surface of an inorganic filler such as silica.
- a nitrogen-containing functional group such as an amino group, an imino group, a substituted amino group, or a substituted imino group that has a high affinity with the surface of an inorganic filler such as silica.
- an inorganic filler such as silica.
- it can participate in the reaction between the organic silicic compound and the inorganic filler, and the coupling reaction rate is fast.
- the cyclic structure containing a nitrogen atom (N) and a silicon atom (Si) is a bicyclic structure, since the steric hindrance around the silicon atom (Si) is large, the reactivity with the inorganic filler is low, Coupling efficiency is greatly reduced.
- the organosilicon compound used in the present invention has a site where one or more groups having a small steric hindrance are bonded to a silicon atom, the reactivity with an inorganic filler such as silica is high. Therefore, in place of the conventional silane coupling agent, by adding this organosilicon compound to the rubber composition containing the inorganic filler, the coupling efficiency is improved, and as a result, the hysteresis loss of the rubber composition is greatly increased. It is possible to greatly improve the wear resistance while lowering. In addition, since the organosilicon compound of the present invention has high addition efficiency, a high effect can be obtained even in a small amount, which contributes to a reduction in blending cost.
- the group having a small steric hindrance is preferably a hydrogen atom (—H), a methyl group (—CH 3 ), a hydroxyl group (—OH), or the like.
- a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxyl group is bonded to a silicon atom (Si)
- the reactivity between the organosilicon compound and the inorganic filler is particularly high, and the coupling efficiency can be greatly improved.
- the organosilicon compound preferably has 1 to 6 silicon-oxygen bonds (Si—O). This is because when the organosilicon compound has 1 to 6 silicon-oxygen bonds (Si—O), the reactivity with an inorganic filler such as silica is high, and the coupling efficiency is further improved.
- organosilicon compound used in the present invention specifically, a compound represented by the following general formula (XI) is preferable. These organosilicon compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- A is a group containing a sulfur atom (S) and reacting with the rubber component
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently —M—C 1 H 2l — (where M is —O— Or —CH 2 —, where l is 0 to 10), provided that one or more of R 1 and R 2 is M is —O—
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxyl group
- the group R 4 is —CnH 2n + 1 and n is 0-20.
- A is a group containing a sulfur atom (S) and reacting with the rubber component.
- S sulfur atom
- the organosilicon compound represented by the formula (XI) since the cyclic portion reacts with an inorganic filler such as silica, the rubber component and the inorganic filler
- the coupling ability is as follows.
- the group containing a sulfur atom (S) and reacting with the rubber component includes a polysulfide group, a thioester group, a thiol group, a dithiocarbonate group, a dithioacetal group, a hemithioacetal group, a vinylthio group, an ⁇ -thiocarbonyl group, It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -thiocarbonyl group, S—CO—CH 2 —O moiety, S—CO—CO moiety (thiodiketone group), and S—CH 2 —Si moiety, It is particularly preferable that at least one of a polysulfide group and a thioester group is included.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently represented by —MC 1 H 2l —, where M is —O— or —CH 2 , and l is 0 to 10 is there. However, in one or more of R 1 and R 2 , M is —O—.
- -C l H 2l - is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms because l is 0 to 10, and the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms includes a methylene group, an ethylene group , Trimethylene group, propylene group and the like, and the alkylene group may be linear or branched.
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxyl group. Since R 3 has small steric hindrance, it greatly contributes to the improvement of the coupling reaction between the rubber component and the inorganic filler.
- R 4 is —C n H 2n + 1 , and n is 0 to 20.
- —C n H 2n + 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms because n is 0 to 20.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group pentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group, decyl group, undecyl tomb, dodecyl group, nonadecyl group, eicosyl group, etc.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- a in the general formula (XI) is preferably represented by the following general formula (XII), (XIII) or (XIV).
- [R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 in Formula (XII) are as defined above, and R 6 in Formula (XII) and Formula (XIII) is the following General Formula (XV) or (XVI)
- M and l are as defined above, m is 0 to 10, X and Y are each independently —O, —NR 4 — or —CH 2 —, R 12 is —OR 4 , — In NR 4 R 6 or —R 4 , R 13 is —NR 4 —, —NR 4 —NR 4 — or —N ⁇ N—, wherein R 4 is as defined above, and R 5 is C q H 2q + 1 And q is 1 to 10) or -M-C 1 H 2l- (M and 1 are as defined above),
- X in the formulas (XII) and (XIII) is 1 to 10
- R 8 , R 9 and R 10 in formula (XIV) are each independently —M—C p H 2p — (wherein M is —O— or —CH 2 and p is 0 to 20)
- R 11 is H, OH or a methyl group] It is preferable to be represented by In the formula (XII) and the formula (XIII), x is 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 4.
- M is —O— or —CH 2 —, and l and m are 0 to 10.
- X and Y are each independently —O—, —NR 4 — or —CH 2 —, and R 12 is —OR 4 , —NR 4 R 5 or —R 4 . Yes, where R 4 is —C n H 2n + 1 and R 6 is C q H 2q + 1 .
- R 13 is —NR 4 —, —NR 4 —NR 4 —, or —N ⁇ N—, wherein R 4 is —C n H 2n + 1 .
- —C n H 2n + 1 is as described above, and —C m H 2m — is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms because m is 0 to 10.
- examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a propylene group, and the like, and the alkylene group may be a straight mirror shape or a branched shape.
- -C q H 2q + 1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms because q is 0 to 10.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, and a decyl group.
- the chain may be branched or branched.
- R 7 in the above formula (XIII) is represented by the above general formula (XVII) or (XVIII), or —C 1 H 2l —R 16 , particularly represented by —C 1 H 2l + 1 Is preferred.
- M, X, Y, R 12 , R 14 , l and m are as defined above.
- R 15 is —NR 4 R 5 , —NR 4 N 4 R 5 , —N ⁇ NR 4 or —M—C m H 2m + 1, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 4 , R 5 , M, l and m are as defined above.
- -C l H 2l - For are as described above, also, -C m H 2m + 1 is, m is hydrogen or an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1-10 for 0-10, 1 carbon atoms
- the alkyl group of ⁇ 10 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a probil group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, and a decyl group.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched. But you can.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms examples include aryl groups such as phenyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, cumenyl group, naphthylene group and tolylene group, and aralkyl groups such as benzyl group and phenethyl group.
- —C p H 2p + 1 — is a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms because p is 0 to 20.
- alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methylene group, ethylene group, trimethylene group, propylene group, decamethylene cold, eicosamethylene group and the like, and the alkylene group may be linear or branched. .
- M is preferably —O— (oxygen).
- the reactivity with an inorganic filler such as silica is higher than that of a compound in which M is —CH 2 —.
- R 1 and R 2 are preferably each independently represented by —O—C 1 H 2l —
- R 3 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxyl group
- R 7 is a linear or branched alkyl group represented by —O—C 1 H 2l —, or a group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- An aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferred.
- the compound represented by the organosilicon compound for example, (C 1 H 21 + 1 O) 2 R 9 Si-A [wherein l, R 3 and A are as defined above], N-methyldiethanolamine, N -Add an amine compound such as ethyldiethanolamine, and further add an acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid or hydrochloric acid or a titanium alkoxide such as titanium tetra-n-butoxide as a catalyst, and heat to add two C 1 H 2l + 1 O It can be synthesized by substituting — with a divalent group represented by —R 1 —NR 4 —R 2 —.
- the organosilicon compound has a cyclic structure containing a nitrogen atom (N) and a silicon atom (Si), and the cyclic structure is stable even when it contains a silicon-oxygen bond (Si—O). is there. Therefore, the silicon-oxygen bond (Si—O) is not hydrolyzed to generate an alcohol component, which is effective in that the volatile organic compound (VOC) gas in use can be reduced.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may further contain carbon black as a reinforcing filler, and the amount of the carbon black is 80 parts by mass or less, preferably 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. It is desirable that the amount be no more than parts. If the blending amount of carbon black exceeds 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, the low heat buildup of the rubber composition may be deteriorated.
- the total amount of the carbon black and the hydrous silicic acid is desirably 120 parts by mass or less, preferably 100 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.
- an additive compounded in a normal rubber composition can be blended to such an extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- an anti-aging agent or additive commonly used in the rubber industry is added.
- Additives such as a sulfur accelerator, sulfur, zinc oxide, stearic acid, an ozone deterioration preventing agent can be appropriately blended.
- the rubber composition of the present invention is obtained by kneading using an open kneader such as a roll or a closed kneader such as a Banbury mixer, and vulcanized after molding to produce various rubber products. It is applicable to.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is characterized in that the rubber composition is applied to any of tire members.
- a tread is particularly preferable.
- the rubber composition has low rolling resistance and excellent wear resistance.
- gas with which the tire of this invention is filled normal or air which changed oxygen partial pressure, or inert gas, such as nitrogen, is mentioned.
- a sodium silicate aqueous solution similar to the above was simultaneously added dropwise at a flow rate of 750 ml / min and sulfuric acid (18 mol / liter) at a flow rate of 33 ml / min.
- the neutralization reaction was carried out while maintaining the Na 2 O concentration in the reaction solution in the range of 0.005 to 0.035 mol / liter while adjusting the flow rate.
- the reaction solution started to become cloudy from the middle of the reaction, and the viscosity increased to a gel solution at 30 minutes. Further, the addition was continued and the reaction was stopped after 100 minutes.
- the silica concentration in the resulting solution was 85 g / liter.
- Nipsil AQ manufactured by Tosoh Silica * 10: VN2, manufactured by Degussa * 11: Ultrasil7000GR, manufactured by Degussa * 12: TOKUSIL255G, manufactured by OSC
- Nipsil AQ manufactured by Tosoh Silica * 13: Bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, manufactured by Evonik Degussa, Si69
- A Fine pores having a substantially cylindrical shape
- B Fine pores having an ink bottle shape M a : Diameter of the opening of the pore A on the outer surface of the particle M b : Diameter of the opening of the pore B on the outer surface of the particle R a : pore diameter (inner diameter) of pore A inside the particle R b : pore diameter (inner diameter) of pore B inside the particle
- C Mercury intrusion curve D: Mercury discharge curve M1: Diameter of opening showing maximum value of mercury intrusion amount M2: Diameter of opening showing maximum value of mercury discharge amount IB: Ink bottle-like pore index
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Abstract
Description
直径1.2×105nm~6nmの範囲にある開口部を外表面に具えた細孔を有する含水ケイ酸に対し、水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定において、圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させた際に水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M1)(nm)、及び圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させた際に水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M2)(nm)により、下記式(X);
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値であって、
セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)(m2/g)及び前記インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、下記式(I);
IB≦-0.36×CTAB+86.8 ・・・(I)
を満たす含水ケイ酸を、ゴム成分に配合してなることを特徴とする。
直径1.2×105nm~6nmの範囲にある開口部を外表面に具えた細孔を有する含水ケイ酸に対し、水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定において、圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させた際に水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M1)(nm)、及び圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させた際に水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M2)(nm)により、下記式(X);
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値であって、
セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)(m2/g)及び前記インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、下記式(I’)及び(II);
IB≦-0.56×CTAB+110.4 (但し、CTAB≦140)・・・(I’)
IB≦-0.20×CTAB+60.0 (但し、140<CTAB)・・・(II)
を満たし、かつ
灼熱減量(750℃で3時間加熱した時の質量減少分)(質量%)及び加熱減量(105℃で2時間加熱した時の質量減少分)(質量%)が、下記式(III);
灼熱減量-加熱減量≧ 2.5(質量%)・・・(III)
を満たす含水ケイ酸を、ゴム成分に配合してなることを特徴とする。
また、前記ゴム成分が天然ゴム及び/又はジエン系合成ゴムからなり、かつ
前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し、前記含水ケイ酸を10~150質量部の量で配合してなるものであってもよい。
前記含水ケイ酸100質量部に対し、さらにシランカップリング剤を1~20質量部の量で配合してなるものであってもよい。
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)a-Sb-(CH2)a-SiAmB3-m・・・(IV)
[式(IV)中、AはCnH2n+1O(nは1~3の整数)又は塩素原子であり、Bは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、mは1~3の整数、aは1~9の整数、bは1以上の整数である。但し、mが1の時、Bは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、mが2又は3の時、Aは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。]で表される化合物、下記式(V);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)c-Y・・・(V)
[式(V)中、AはCnH2n+1O(nは1~3の整数)又は塩素原子であり、Bは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、Yはメルカプト基、ビニル基、アミノ基、グリシドキシ基又はエポキシ基であり、mは1~3の整数、cは0~9の整数である。但し、mが1の時、Bは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、mが2又は3の時、Aは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。]で表される化合物、下記式(VI);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)a-Sb-Z・・・(VI)
[式(VI)中、AはCnH2n+1O(nは1~3の整数)又は塩素原子であり、Bは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、Zはベンゾチアゾリル基、N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイル基又はメタクリロイル基であり、mは1~3の整数、aは1~9の整数、bは1以上の整数で分布を有していてもよい。但し、mが1の時、Bは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、mが2又は3の時、Aは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。]で表される化合物及び下記式(VII);
R1 xR2 yR3 zSi-R4-S-CO-R5・・・(VII)
[式(VII)中、R1は、R6O-、R6C(=O)O-、R6R7C=NO-、R6R7NO-、R6R7N-及び-(OSiR6R7)n(OSiR5R6R7)から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり(但し、R6及びR7は、それぞれ独立してアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基及びアリール基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり、nは0~10である);
R2は、水素、又は炭素数1~18のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基及びアリール基から選択され;
R3は、-[O(R8O)m]0.5-(但し、R8は、アルキレン基及びシクロアルキレン基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり、mは1~4である)であり;
x、y及びzは、x+y+2z=3、0≦x≦3、0≦y≦2、0≦z≦1の関係を満たし;
R4は、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、シクロアルキルアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、アリーレン基及びアラルキレン基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり;
R5は、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基、アリール基及びアラルキル基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18である。]で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であるのが望ましい。
本発明の空気入りタイヤは、上記ゴム組成物を、タイヤ用部材に適用したことを特徴とする。
第1発明にかかるゴム組成物は、インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、
直径1.2×105nm~6nmの範囲にある開口部を外表面に具えた細孔を有する含水ケイ酸に対し、水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定において、圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させた際に水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M1)(nm)、及び圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させた際に水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M2)(nm)により、下記式(X);
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値であって、
セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)(m2/g)及び前記インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、下記式(I);
IB≦-0.36×CTAB+86.8 ・・・(I)
を満たす含水ケイ酸を、ゴム成分に配合してなることを特徴とする。
直径1.2×105nm~6nmの範囲にある開口部を外表面に具えた細孔を有する含水ケイ酸に対し、水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定において、圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させた際に水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M1)(nm)、及び圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させた際に水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M2)(nm)により、下記式(X);
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値であって、
セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)(m2/g)及び前記インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、下記式(I’)及び(II);
IB≦-0.56×CTAB+110.4 (但し、CTAB≦140)・・・(I’)
IB≦-0.20×CTAB+60.0 (但し、140<CTAB)・・・(II)
を満たし、かつ
灼熱減量(750℃で3時間加熱した時の質量減少分)(質量%)及び加熱減量(105℃で2時間加熱した時の質量減少分)(質量%)が、下記式(III);
灼熱減量-加熱減量≧ 2.5(質量%)・・・(III)
を満たす含水ケイ酸を、ゴム成分に配合してなることを特徴としている。
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値を意味する。水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定は、従来より細孔の形態を評価するのに多く採用される電子顕微鏡を用いた測定よりも簡便であり、かつ定量性に優れるので有用な方法である。
IB≦-0.36×CTAB+86.8 ・・・(I)
を満たす。IB及びCTABが上記式(I)を満たす含水ケイ酸であると、狭小な開口部を有するインクボトル状を呈する細孔B数が有効に低減され、略円筒状を呈する細孔Aが占める存在割合が増大するため、ゴム分子鎖を充分に侵入させて吸着させることができ、充分な補強性を発揮して、タイヤにおける転がり抵抗を低下させることなく耐摩耗性の向上を図ることが可能となる。
IB≦-0.56×CTAB+110.4 (但し、CTAB≦140)・・・(I’)
IB≦-0.20×CTAB+60.0 (但し、140<CTAB)・・・(II)
を満たし、下記式(I’-1)及び(II-1)
IB≦-0.48×CTAB+97.2 (但し、CTAB≦140)・・・(I’-1)
IB≦-0.20×CTAB+58.0 (但し、140<CTAB)・・・(II-1)
を満たすのが好ましい。IB及びCTABが上記式(I’)~(II)、好ましくは(I’-1)~(II-1)を満たす含水ケイ酸であると、狭小な開口部を有するインクボトル状を呈する細孔B数が有効に低減され、略円筒状を呈する細孔Aが占める存在割合が増大するため、ゴム分子鎖を充分に侵入させて吸着させることができ、充分な補強性を発揮して、タイヤにおける転がり抵抗を低下させることなく耐摩耗性の向上を図ることが可能となる。
灼熱減量-加熱減量≧ 2.5(質量%)・・・(III)
を満たす。さらに上記式(III)は、下記式(III-1)であるのが好ましい。
灼熱減量-加熱減量≧ 3.0(質量%)・・・(III-1)
上記「灼熱減量-加熱減量」は、含水ケイ酸表面にあるシラノール基密度の指数であり、含水ケイ酸とゴム分子鎖との相互作用の観点から、含水ケイ酸が式(I)及び(II)に加えて上記(III)を満たすことにより、転がり抵抗と耐摩耗性との良好なバランスを発揮するのに大きく寄与することとなる。
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)a-Sb-(CH2)a-SiAmB3-m・・・(IV)
[式(IV)中、A、B、m、a、及びbは上記で定義した通りである]で表される化合物、下記式(V);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)c-Y・・・(V)
[式(V)中、A、B、Y、m、及びcは上記で定義した通りである]で表される化合物、下記式(VI);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)a-Sb-Z・・・(VI)
[式(VI)中、A、B、Z、m、a、及びbは上記で定義した通りである]で表される化合物、及び下記式(VII);
R1 xR2 yR3 zSi-R4-S-CO-R5・・・(VII)
[式(VII)中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、x、y及びzは上記で定義した通りである]で表される化合物が好ましく、これらシランカップリング剤は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
上記式(VII)で表される化合物は、特表2001-505225号に記載の方法と同様に合成することができ、また、モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製の商品名「NXT」(式(VII)のR1=C2H5O、R4=C3H6、R5=C7H15、x=3、y=0、z=0:3-オクタノイルチオ-プロピルトリエトキシシラン)等の市販品を利用することもできる。
なかでも、上記式(IV)、(V)、(VI)又は(VII)で表される化合物のうち、上記式(V)で表される化合物、又は上記式(VII)で表される化合物が好ましい。
-CnH2n+1は、nが0~20であるため、水素又は炭素数1~20のアルキル基である。ここで、炭素数1~20のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基ペンチル基、へキシル基、オクチル基、デシル基、ウンデシル墓、ドデシル基、ノナデシル基、エイコシル基等が挙げられ、該アルキル基は、直鎖状でも、分岐状でもよい。
式(XII)及び(XIII)中のxは1~10であり、
式(XIV)中のR8、R9及びR10はそれぞれ独立して-M-CpH2p-(ここで、Mは-O-又は-CH2であり、pは0~20である)、R11はH,OH又はメチル基である]
で表わされることが好ましい。式(XII)及び式(XIII)中のxは1~10であるが、好ましくは2~4である。
-CnH2n+1については、上述の通りであり、-CmH2m-は、mが0~10であるため、単結合又は炭素教1~10のアルキレン基である。ここで、炭素数1~10のアルキレン基としては、メチレン基、エチレン基、トリメチレン基、プロピレン基等が挙げられ、該アルキレン基臆、直鏡状でも分岐状でもよい。
また、-CqH2q+1は、qが0~10であるため、水素又は炭素数1~10のアルキル基である。ここで、炭素数1~10のアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、デシル基等が挙げられ、該アルキル基は直鎖状でも、分岐状でもよい。
なお、-ClH2l-については、上述の通りであり、また、-CmH2m+1は、mが0~10であるため水素又は炭素数1~10のアルキル基であり、炭素数1~10のアルキル基としてメチル基、エチル基、プロビル基、プチル基、ペンチル基、へキシル基、へプチル基、オクチル基、デシル基等が挙げられ、該アルキル基は直鎖状でも、分岐状でもよい。また、炭素数6~20の芳香族炭化水素基としてはフェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、クメニル基、ナフチレン基、トリレン基等のアリール基、ベンジル基、フェネチル基等のアラルキル基が挙げられる。
なお、含水ケイ酸の物性は、下記の方法で評価した。
水銀ポロシメータ POREMASTER-33(Quantachrome社製)を用いて、上述したように、水銀圧入法に基づき、まず圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させて、含水ケイ酸の外表面において開口部の直径1.2×105nm~6nmである細孔について水銀圧入量を測定し、図2に示したように圧入量のピークに位置する直径(M1)を求めた。次に、圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させて、水銀を細孔内から排出した。このときの排出曲線から得られた排出量のピークに位置する直径(M2)を求めた。これらM1及びM2の値から上記式(X)によりIBを算出した。
ASTM D3765-92記載の方法に準拠して実施した。この際、上述したように、カーボンブラックの標準品であるIRB#3(83.0m2/g)を使用せず、別途セチルトリメチルアンムニウムブロミド(以下、CE-TRABと略記する)標準液を調製し、これによって含水ケイ酸OT(ジ-2-エチルヘキシルスルホコハク酸ナトリウム)溶液の標定を行い、含水ケイ酸表面に対するCE-TRAB1分子当たりの吸着断面積を0.35nm2として、CE-TRABの吸着量から比表面積(m2/g)を算出した。
含水ケイ酸サンプルを秤量し、灼熱減量の場合は750℃でサンプルを3時間加熱した後に減少分の質量を測定し、加熱減量の場合は105℃でサンプルを2時間加熱した後に減少分の質量を測定し、加熱前のサンプル質量との差を加熱前の質量に対して百分率(%)で表した。
撹拌機を備えた180リットルのジャケット付きステンレス反応槽に、水65リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.25リットルを入れ、96℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
製造例1と同じステンレス反応槽に、水89リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.70リットルを入れ、75℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
製造例1と同じステンレス反応槽に、水65リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.25リットルを入れ、85℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
製造例1と同じステンレス反応槽に、水65リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.25リットルを入れ、80℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
製造例1と同じステンレス反応槽に、水89リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.70リットルを入れ、85℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
製造例1と同じステンレス反応槽に、水89リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.70リットルを入れ、80℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
製造例1と同じステンレス反応槽に、水89リットルとケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液(SiO2 160g/リットル、SiO2/Na2Oモル比3.3)1.70リットルを入れ、70℃に加熱した。生成した溶液中のNa2O濃度は0.015mol/リットルであった。
表1に示す配合処方により各々表2~3に示す含水ケイ酸を用いたゴム組成物を常法に従って調製し、さらにかかる該ゴム組成物をトレッドゴムに適用した、サイズ:195/65R15のタイヤを常法に従って試作して、耐摩耗性及び転がり抵抗を下記の方法により評価した。結果を表2~3に示す。なお、実施例7については、式(II)を満たすインクボトル状細孔指数(IB)を有する含水ケイ酸を配合したゴム組成物の製造を目的としており、式(I)の値については考慮していない。
表4に示す配合処方により各々表5に示す含水ケイ酸を用いたゴム組成物を常法に従って調製し、さらにかかる該ゴム組成物をトレッドゴムに適用した、サイズ:195/65R15のタイヤを常法に従って試作して、耐摩耗性及び転がり抵抗を下記の方法により評価した。結果を表5に示す。
供試タイヤを車両に装着して2万km走行した後の残溝量を測定し、比較例1及び比較例5の残溝量を100として指数表示した。指数値が大きい程、耐摩耗性に優れることを示す。
供試タイヤに対し、室内の一軸転がり抵抗測定ドラム試験機により、80km/hでの転がり抵抗を測定し、比較例1及び比較例5の転がり抵抗を100として指数表示した。指数値が大きい程、転がり抵抗が小さいことを示す。
※2:登録商標シーストKH(N339)、東海カーボン社製
※3:表2に示す含水ケイ酸
※4:NXT(登録商標)、モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製
※5:N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、ノラック6C、大内新興化学工業製
※6:ジフェニルグアニジン、ノクセラーD、大内新興化学工業製
※7:ベンゾチアジルジスルフィド、ノクセラーDM-P、大内新興化学工業製
※8:N-t-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアジルスルフェンアミド、ノクセラーNS-P、大内新興化学工業製
※10:VN2、デグッサ社製
※11:Ultrasil7000GR、デグッサ社製
※12:TOKUSIL255G、OSC社製
※2:登録商標シーストKH(N339)、東海カーボン社製
※3:表2に示す含水ケイ酸
※13:ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、エボニック・デグッサ社製、Si69
※5:N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン、ノラック6C、大内新興化学工業製
※6:ジフェニルグアニジン、ノクセラーD、大内新興化学工業製
※7:ベンゾチアジルジスルフィド、ノクセラーDM-P、大内新興化学工業製
※8:N-t-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアジルスルフェンアミド、ノクセラーNS-P、大内新興化学工業製
※13:ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、エボニック・デグッサ社製、Si69
B:インクボトル状を呈する細孔
Ma:粒子の外表面における細孔Aの開口部の直径
Mb:粒子の外表面における細孔Bの開口部の直径
Ra:粒子内部における細孔Aの細孔径(内径)
Rb:粒子内部における細孔Bの細孔径(内径)
C:水銀の圧入曲線
D:水銀の排出曲線
M1:水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径
M2:水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径
IB:インクボトル状細孔指数
Claims (8)
- インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、
直径1.2×105nm~6nmの範囲にある開口部を外表面に具えた細孔を有する含水ケイ酸に対し、水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定において、圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させた際に水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M1)(nm)、及び圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させた際に水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M2)(nm)により、下記式(X);
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値であって、
セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)(m2/g)及び前記インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、下記式(I);
IB≦-0.36×CTAB+86.8 ・・・(I)
を満たす含水ケイ酸を、ゴム成分に配合してなることを特徴とするゴム組成物。 - インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、
直径1.2×105nm~6nmの範囲にある開口部を外表面に具えた細孔を有する含水ケイ酸に対し、水銀圧入法に基づく水銀ポロシメータを用いた測定において、圧力を1~32000PSIまで上昇させた際に水銀圧入量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M1)(nm)、及び圧力を32000PSI~1PSIまで下降させた際に水銀排出量の最大値を示す開口部の直径(M2)(nm)により、下記式(X);
IB=M2-M1・・・(X)
で求められる値であって、
セチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)(m2/g)及び前記インクボトル状細孔指数(IB)が、下記式(I’)及び(II);
IB≦-0.56×CTAB+110.4 (但し、CTAB≦140)・・・(I’)
IB≦-0.20×CTAB+60.0 (但し、140<CTAB)・・・(II)
を満たし、かつ
灼熱減量(750℃で3時間加熱した時の質量減少分)(質量%)及び加熱減量(105℃で2時間加熱した時の質量減少分)(質量%)が、下記式(III);
灼熱減量-加熱減量≧ 2.5(質量%)・・・(III)
を満たす含水ケイ酸を、ゴム成分に配合してなることを特徴とするゴム組成物。 - 前記含水ケイ酸のセチルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド吸着比表面積(CTAB)が、50~300m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記ゴム成分が天然ゴム及び/又はジエン系合成ゴムからなり、かつ
前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し、前記含水ケイ酸を10~150質量部の量で配合してなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のゴム組成物。 - 前記含水ケイ酸100質量部に対し、さらにシランカップリング剤を1~20質量部の量で配合してなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記シランカップリング剤が、下記式(IV);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)a-Sb-(CH2)a-SiAmB3-m・・・(IV)
[式(IV)中、AはCnH2n+1O(nは1~3の整数)又は塩素原子であり、Bは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、mは1~3の整数、aは1~9の整数、bは1以上の整数である。但し、mが1の時、Bは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、mが2又は3の時、Aは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。]で表される化合物、下記式(V);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)c-Y・・・(V)
[式(V)中、AはCnH2n+1O(nは1~3の整数)又は塩素原子であり、Bは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、Yはメルカプト基、ビニル基、アミノ基、グリシドキシ基又はエポキシ基であり、mは1~3の整数、cは0~9の整数である。但し、mが1の時、Bは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、mが2又は3の時、Aは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。]で表される化合物、下記式(VI);
AmB3-mSi-(CH2)a-Sb-Z・・・(VI)
[式(VI)中、AはCnH2n+1O(nは1~3の整数)又は塩素原子であり、Bは炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、Zはベンゾチアゾリル基、N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイル基又はメタクリロイル基であり、mは1~3の整数、aは1~9の整数、bは1以上の整数で分布を有していてもよい。但し、mが1の時、Bは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよく、mが2又は3の時、Aは互いに同一であっても異なっていてもよい。]で表される化合物及び下記式(VII);
R1 xR2 yR3 zSi-R4-S-CO-R5・・・(VII)
[式(VII)中、R1は、R6O-、R6C(=O)O-、R6R7C=NO-、R6R7NO-、R6R7N-及び-(OSiR6R7)n(OSiR5R6R7)から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり(但し、R6及びR7は、それぞれ独立してアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基及びアリール基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり、nは0~10である);
R2は、水素、又は炭素数1~18のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基及びアリール基から選択され;
R3は、-[O(R8O)m]0.5-(但し、R8は、アルキレン基及びシクロアルキレン基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり、mは1~4である)であり;
x、y及びzは、x+y+2z=3、0≦x≦3、0≦y≦2、0≦z≦1の関係を満たし;
R4は、アルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基、シクロアルキルアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、アリーレン基及びアラルキレン基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18であり;
R5は、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基、アリール基及びアラルキル基から選択され、かつ炭素数が1~18である。]で表される化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のゴム組成物。 - 前記ゴム成分100質量部に対し、さらにカーボンブラックを80質量部以下の量で配合してなり、かつ前記含水ケイ酸と前記カーボンブラックとの総配合量が120質量部以下であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のゴム組成物。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のゴム組成物を、タイヤ用部材に適用したことを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。
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- 2011-07-08 EP EP11803349.7A patent/EP2592110B1/en active Active
- 2011-07-08 WO PCT/JP2011/003947 patent/WO2012005013A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-07-08 RU RU2013105467/05A patent/RU2540629C2/ru active
- 2011-07-08 CN CN201180043416.6A patent/CN103097450B/zh active Active
- 2011-07-08 BR BR112013000589-0A patent/BR112013000589B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-07-08 KR KR1020137003450A patent/KR101452656B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-07-08 US US13/809,103 patent/US9221962B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2592110B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
KR20130027569A (ko) | 2013-03-15 |
BR112013000589A2 (pt) | 2016-07-05 |
EP2592110A4 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
CN103097450B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
US20130178557A1 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
CN103097450A (zh) | 2013-05-08 |
KR101452656B1 (ko) | 2014-10-22 |
RU2013105467A (ru) | 2014-08-20 |
EP2592110A1 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
US9221962B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
BR112013000589B1 (pt) | 2020-03-24 |
RU2540629C2 (ru) | 2015-02-10 |
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