WO2011162345A1 - 接合方法および接合装置 - Google Patents
接合方法および接合装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011162345A1 WO2011162345A1 PCT/JP2011/064434 JP2011064434W WO2011162345A1 WO 2011162345 A1 WO2011162345 A1 WO 2011162345A1 JP 2011064434 W JP2011064434 W JP 2011064434W WO 2011162345 A1 WO2011162345 A1 WO 2011162345A1
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- joining
- current
- joined
- members
- bonded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0004—Resistance soldering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/06—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
- H01R43/0214—Resistance welding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joining method and joining apparatus using resistance heating and vibration friction.
- Resistance welding is used as a method for joining conductive metal materials to each other.
- Resistance welding is a method in which conductive metal materials are melt-bonded by resistance heating caused by contact resistance of the joint surface by sandwiching the conductive metal materials in contact with each other and applying current from the electrodes.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method in which a pair of conductive metal materials to be bonded are vibrated in contact with each other, the vibration is stopped after the insulating coating on the surface is peeled off, and fusion bonding is performed by resistance heating. .
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a bonding method and a bonding apparatus that can uniformly bond the entire bonding surface.
- the joining method according to the present invention that achieves the above object is a joining method for joining a pair of members to be joined having conductivity.
- the bonding method the bonding surfaces of the members to be bonded are opposed to each other, and a pair of the members to be bonded are relatively slid, while a current is passed from one of the members to be bonded to the other by resistance heating.
- the joining surfaces are joined together.
- the joining device that achieves the above object is a joining device for joining a pair of members to be joined having conductivity.
- the joining apparatus includes a pair of electrodes for supplying a current to each of the pair of members to be joined, a current supply unit for supplying a current to the electrodes, and a slide for relatively sliding the pair of members to be joined. Means.
- the joining apparatus further includes the current supply means for supplying a current to the electrodes while relatively sliding a member to be joined with the joining surfaces opposed to perform resistance heating between the joining surfaces. And control means for controlling the sliding means.
- another aspect of the joining method according to the present invention that achieves the above object is that the joining surfaces of the joined members having conductivity that are joined to each other are opposed to each other, and the pair of joined members are relatively slid.
- it is a joining method in which a current is passed from one of the members to be joined to the other and the joining surfaces are joined by resistance heating.
- a plurality of current input paths to the member to be joined are provided, and when a current flows through the member to be joined, a current input value in at least one of the current input paths is controlled.
- the joining apparatus defines a plurality of current input paths to the member to be joined, a current input section capable of adjusting at least one current amount of the current input path, and a current supply for supplying current to the current input section Means.
- the bonding apparatus further includes a resistance by passing a current from one of the members to be bonded to the other while sliding the pair of members to be bonded relatively with the bonding surfaces of the members to be bonded facing each other. Control means for controlling the current supply means and the sliding means to perform heating is provided.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1.
- It is the schematic which shows typically the path
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX in FIG. It is a partial expanded side view which shows the electrode vicinity of the joining apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the 1st joining process in 3rd Embodiment.
- the conductive material bonding apparatus 10 is an apparatus for bonding a pair of conductive members 1a and 1b having conductivity to each other as shown in FIGS.
- the bonding apparatus 10 holds the bonded members 1a and 1b with the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b to be bonded to each other facing each other and pressurizes in the bonding surface direction Z (the normal direction of the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b).
- the members to be joined 1a, 1b are joined together by resistance heating while sliding in the direction X.
- the joining device 10 includes a pair of electrodes 20a and 20b (current input unit) that are in contact with each of the pair of members to be joined 1a and 1b, a current supply device 30 (current supply means) that applies current to the electrodes 20a and 20b, A pressurizing device 40 (pressurizing means) that pressurizes 20a, 20b in the joining surface direction Z of the members to be joined 1a, 1b. Furthermore, the joining apparatus 10 includes a vibration device 50 (vibration means, sliding means) that vibrates (slids) the member 1b to be joined, and a control device 60 (control means) that controls the joining apparatus 10. Have.
- the members to be joined 1a and 1b in the present embodiment are made of a conductive material having a hollow shape with a rectangular cross section provided with through holes 3a and 3b penetrating in the joining surface direction Z. ing. Therefore, when the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b of the members to be bonded 1a and 1b are brought into contact with each other and arranged to face each other, the non-contact portions 4a and 4b that form spaces without being in contact with each other are formed on the respective bonding surfaces. It is provided so as to be surrounded by 2a and 2b.
- the extended lines from the central axis Y of the electrodes 20a and 20b are located not in the joint surfaces 2a and 2b but in the non-contact portions 4a and 4b.
- the non-contact portions 4a and 4b may be spaced apart from each other without contacting each other when the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b are placed in contact with each other.
- the non-contact portions 4a and 4b may be through holes only in one of the members to be bonded 1a (or 1b). 3a (or 3b) may be provided. Further, the non-contact portions 4a and 4b may be recessed portions instead of the through holes.
- the members 1a and 1b to be joined are not particularly limited as long as they are materials having conductivity, but in the present embodiment, cast aluminum (Al) is used.
- a foil-shaped eutectic foil 5 having conductivity which is made of a eutectic reaction material that undergoes a eutectic reaction with the members 1a and 1b. Intermediate material) is sandwiched.
- the eutectic foil 5 is preferably formed in conformity with the shape of the joint surfaces 2a and 2b, and in this embodiment is formed in a rectangular ring shape.
- the eutectic foil 5 can be made of zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), or the like that reacts with aluminum.
- the thickness of the eutectic foil 5 is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, for example, but is not limited to this, and the thickness may be uniform or may vary depending on the site. Moreover, the eutectic foil 5 does not necessarily need to be provided.
- Each electrode 20a, 20b has electrode main bodies 21a, 21b and electrode plates 23a, 23b, and a plurality of electrode plates 23a, 23b are provided on the surfaces of the electrode main bodies 21a, 21b facing the joined members 1a, 1b. They are connected by electrode plate fixing bolts 22 (four in this embodiment).
- the electrode main bodies 21a and 21b are constituted by shaft-like portions 26a and 26b extending in a shaft shape, and fixing portions 27a and 27b to which the electrode plates 23a and 23b are fixed.
- the electrode bodies 21a and 21b do not directly contact the members to be bonded 1a and 1b, but the electrode plates 23a and 23b contact the members to be bonded 1a and 1b.
- the bonded member fixing bolts 24 can be inserted from the side opposite to the side facing the bonded members 1a and 1b, and the bonded member fixing bolts 24 are connected to the bonded members.
- the members to be joined 1a and 1b can be fastened to the electrode bodies 21a and 21b by an axial force.
- Each of the members to be joined 1a and 1b is fastened to the electrodes 20a and 20b by a plurality (8 in this embodiment) of the member to be joined fixing bolts 24 (current path adjusting means, fastening portions) (see FIG. 3).
- the fastening axial force can be changed individually.
- the electrode main bodies 21a and 21b also have a function as a holding member that holds the members 1a and 1b to be slidable relative to each other.
- positioning holes 7 a and 7 b as positioning portions are formed in the bonded members 1 a and 1 b on the surfaces facing the electrodes 20 a and 20 b, and positioning positioning pins 11 a that are positioning members. 11b can be fitted.
- Through holes 29a and 29b through which the positioning pins 11a and 11b pass are formed in the electrode plates 23a and 23b.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are provided inside the fixing portions 27a and 27b of the electrode bodies 21a and 21b so as to be able to protrude and retract from the surface facing the members to be joined 1a and 1b.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are urged in a direction (rearward) by the spring members 12a and 12b, and a positioning member actuating device which is an external hydraulic source or pneumatic source is positioned behind the positioning pins 11a and 11b.
- Fluid supply portions 13a and 13b to which fluid is supplied from 14 (positioning member operating means) are formed.
- the positioning member actuating device 14 is driven by being controlled by the control device 60, thereby supplying fluid to the fluid supply units 13a and 13b or discharging fluid from the fluid supply units 13a and 13b, thereby positioning pins 11a, 11b is moved forward and backward.
- the positioning member operating device 14 by positioning the positioning pins 11a and 11b from the fixing portions 27a and 27b by the positioning member operating device 14 and inserting them into the positioning holes 7a and 7b of the members to be joined 1a and 1b,
- the members 1a and 1b to be joined can be accurately positioned. Thereby, it becomes possible to accurately position the relative positions of the member 1a and the member 1b.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are formed of a material having a larger electric resistance value than the electrodes 20a and 20b and the members to be joined 1a and 1b.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are formed of an insulating material such as resin.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b can be formed of a conductive material such as iron.
- the electrode plates 23a and 23b are preferably formed of the same material as or similar to the electrode bodies 21a and 21b.
- the bolt through hole 25 (see FIG. 2) through which the member to be bonded fixing bolt 24 of the electrode plates 23a and 23b passes preferably has a sufficiently larger hole diameter than the diameter of the member fixing bolt 24 to be bonded.
- the diameter of the bolt through hole 25 is approximately the same as the diameter of the bonded member fixing bolt 24, the current concentrates in the vicinity of the screw hole 6 into which the bonded member fixing bolt 24 of the bonded members 1a and 1b is screwed.
- the hole diameter is sufficiently larger than the diameter of the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24, it becomes difficult for the current to flow through the screw hole 6 and the occurrence of damage to the screw hole 6 can be suppressed.
- the member-fixed bolts 24 are made of a material that is less likely to flow current than the electrode bodies 21a, 21b and the electrode plates 23a, 23b, and the current flows between the electrodes 20a, 20b and the member-fixed bolts 24 to be bonded. When flowing, the structure is such that the member-fixed bolts 24 are difficult to serve as a conductive medium.
- the electrode bodies 21a and 21b are sandwiched between the electrode bodies 21a and 21b and the bonded members 1a and 1b, when the current flows from the electrodes 20a and 20b to the bonded members 1a and 1b, the electrode body
- the contact resistance between 21a, 21b and the electrode plates 23a, 23b and the contact resistance between the electrode plates 23a, 23b and the joined members 1a, 1b exist. Accordingly, the two contact resistances are connected in series, and the same fastening is achieved as compared with the case where the electrode bodies 21a, 21b and the members 1a, 1b are in direct contact without the electrode plates 23a, 23b.
- the total contact resistance in the axial force increases.
- the total contact resistance between the electrodes 20a, 20b and the members 1a, 1b is increased by the change in the fastening axial force because the contact resistance sensitivity to the fastening axial force is increased by providing the electrode plates 23a, 23b. Increases the range of contact resistance adjustment. Further, since the electrode plates 23a and 23b are provided between the electrode main bodies 21a and 21b and the members to be bonded 1a and 1b, the electrode main bodies 21a and 21b which are difficult to replace are heated with resistance between the members to be bonded 1a and 1b. It can suppress that it melts by. In order to further increase the contact resistance sensitivity, a plurality of electrode plates 23a and 23b may be stacked.
- the pressurizing device 40 is a device that pressurizes the pair of members to be joined 1a and 1b in the joining surface direction Z via the electrodes 20a and 20b.
- a hydraulic cylinder or the like is incorporated therein.
- the pressurizing device 40 is connected to the control device 60 and can arbitrarily control the pressurizing force.
- the vibration device 50 is a device that vibrates one of the pair of members 1a and 1b in a direction X (a direction perpendicular to the normal line of the bonding surface) along the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b.
- the mechanism of the vibration exciting device 50 is, for example, one using ultrasonic vibration, one using electromagnetic vibration, one using cam vibration, or the like.
- the vibration device 50 is connected to the control device 60 and can arbitrarily control the vibration frequency, the vibration amplitude, the vibration force, and the like.
- the vibration device 50 includes a displacement detector 51 (see FIG. 1) that detects the displacement of the member 1b to be slid.
- the displacement detector 51 is, for example, a displacement sensor or a displacement detection encoder.
- the current supply device 30 is a device that can apply a direct current or an alternating current to the electrodes 20a and 20b, and is connected to the control device 60 so that the current value and the voltage value can be arbitrarily controlled.
- the control device 60 is an electronic computer that comprehensively controls the pressurizing device 40, the vibration device 50, the current supply device 30, and the positioning member operating device 14 described above.
- the control device 60 includes a calculation unit, a storage unit, an input unit, and an output unit.
- a program for controlling the entire joining device 10 is stored in the storage unit, and when this program is executed by the arithmetic unit, the joining device 1 advances the joining process S2 of the members 1a and 1b to be joined.
- a contact resistance detector 70 (contact resistance detector) is provided in a path through which current flows from the current supply device 30 to the electrodes 20a and 20b.
- the contact resistance detection device 70 is a voltmeter and an ammeter, and can measure a change in voltage and current to detect a contact resistance value between the bonded members 1a and 1b.
- a detection signal from the contact resistance detection device 70 is input to the control device 60.
- the contact resistance detection apparatus 70 may be installed in another position, if the contact resistance between the to-be-joined members 1a and 1b can be detected.
- the vibration device 50 is provided with a friction force detection device 80 that detects the friction force between the joint surfaces 2a and 2b from the vibration force.
- a detection signal from the frictional force detection device 80 is input to the control device 60.
- to-be-joined members 1a and 1b to be joined together are prepared.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are projected by the positioning member actuating device 14, and the electrode plates 23a and 23b ( The members to be joined 1a and 1b are fixed to the electrodes 20a and 20b in a state where the current input portion) is fixed to the electrode bodies 21a and 21b by the member fixing bolts 24 to be joined.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are inserted into the positioning holes 7a and 7b of the members to be bonded 1a and 1b, and the members to be bonded 1a and 1b are accurately positioned with respect to the electrodes 20a and 20b.
- the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24 can be adjusted for each bolt.
- the fastening axial force of the bonded member fixing bolt 24 is high, the contact resistance between the electrodes 20a and 20b and the bonded members 1a and 1b is reduced, and current easily flows. That is, by adjusting the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24 for each bolt, each current in the plurality of current input paths from the electrode plates 23a and 23b, which are current input portions, to the to-be-joined members 1a and 1b. The amount can be adjusted.
- FIG. 5 shows a model in which three current paths are simply provided on the joining surfaces 2a and 2b, but it is farther than the member-fixed bolt 24a to be joined near the central axis Y of the electrodes 20a and 20b.
- the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolts 24b and 24c can be increased.
- the fastening axial force of the member fixing bolts 24b and 24c far from the center axis Y of the electrodes 20a and 20b is applied.
- the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolts 24 is adjusted so that the current values in the joining surfaces 2a and 2b are as uniform as possible, and the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 40 is kept constant.
- the fastening axial force of the member to be joined fixing bolt 24 By adjusting the fastening axial force of the member to be joined fixing bolt 24 in this way, the current path flowing from the electrodes 20a and 20b to the members to be joined 1a and 1b can be changed or the current amount of each current input path can be adjusted.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b are retracted by the positioning member operating device 14 and pulled out from the positioning holes 7a and 7b. Thereby, in the subsequent steps, heat generation and wear of the positioning pins 11a and 11b caused by energization and sliding of the members to be joined 1a and 1b can be suppressed. Further, if the positioning pins 11a and 11b are made of a material having a larger electric resistance value than the electrodes 20a and 20b and the joined members 1a and 1b, it is difficult to energize the positioning pins 11a and 11b. Heat generation and wear of 11a and 11b can be suppressed.
- the eutectic foil 5 is disposed between the members to be bonded 1 a and 1 b, the members to be bonded 1 a and 1 b are brought close to each other by the pressurizing device 40, and the members to be bonded 1 a and 1 b are interposed through the eutectic foil 5.
- the pressure applied by the pressure device 40 is adjusted by the control device 60, and is preferably about 2 to 10 MPa, for example, but is not limited thereto.
- the vibration device 50 is driven by the control device 60, so that the lower bonded member 1 b has a constant amplitude (or constant) in the direction along the bonding surfaces 2 a and 2 b.
- Excitation force preliminary vibration step (preliminary sliding step) S1).
- the excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude are not particularly limited.
- the excitation amplitude is preferably about 100 to 1000 ⁇ m, and the excitation frequency is preferably about 10 to 100 Hz.
- the vibration direction of the member 1b to be joined is a reciprocating motion in one direction along the joining surfaces 2a and 2b, so that the degree of freedom of the shape of the joining surfaces 2a and 2b is improved.
- the joint surfaces 2a and 2b may not be flat. For example, a convex portion is fitted in a groove extending in one direction. Also good. Moreover, if there is no site
- the revolving motion means that the bonded member 1b swings around in a circular orbit without rotating. Since the relative movement between the joining surfaces 2a and 2b does not stop if the member to be joined 1b vibrates so as to revolve, only the dynamic friction coefficient acts to stabilize the friction coefficient. The vibration becomes smooth and the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be evenly worn.
- the joint surfaces 2a and 2b slide and are heated by frictional heat, so that the material is softened, and the joint surfaces 2a and 2b. Wear and plastic flow, and the surface pressure between the joint surfaces 2a and 2b is made uniform to some extent. Further, the pre-vibration step S1 has the effect of reducing the variation in contact resistance due to the difference in the film thickness by removing the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum, and suppressing the variation in the amount of heat generated when resistance heating is performed in the subsequent process. Demonstrate.
- the surface of the to-be-joined members 1a and 1b made of aluminum is degreased, and further, a treatment such as brushing with a wire brush to remove the oxide film on the surface becomes unnecessary, and workability is improved.
- a treatment such as brushing may be performed before the preliminary vibration step S1.
- the control device 60 specifies the contact resistance value between the joint surfaces 2a and 2b from the signal input from the contact resistance detection device 70, and as shown in FIG. Compare with When the contact pressure between the joining surfaces 2a and 2b becomes uniform, the contact resistance decreases. Therefore, when the contact resistance value becomes equal to or less than the threshold value L1, the control device 60 ends the preliminary excitation step S1 and continues to the next step. To the joining step S2.
- the joining step S2 current is applied to the electrodes 20a and 20b by the current supply device 30 while maintaining the vibration by the vibration device 50, and both of the vibration heating and resistance heating are used in combination to join the members 1a and 1b.
- Heat In the joining step S2, resistance heating is greatly applied and heated in the high contact pressure portion where current is concentrated, and the oxide film on the joining surfaces 2a and 2b is forcibly separated and the high contact pressure heated by the resistance heating is applied.
- the pressure concentration and vibration are also applied to the part to cause wear, plastic flow and material diffusion, and the surface pressure of the high surface pressure part is lowered, so that the current concentration portion changes every moment. As a result, the current flow is dispersed and the joint surfaces 2a and 2b are heated uniformly.
- the eutectic foil 5 becomes a liquid phase with a lower melting point than the bonded members 1a and 1b by the eutectic reaction, and plays a role of blocking oxygen and suppressing reoxidation of the bonding surface.
- the eutectic foil 5 it is possible to perform bonding in the atmosphere with low heat input in a short time in the atmosphere against vacuum brazing which requires a vacuum atmosphere and a long time, and mass production is facilitated.
- the eutectic foil 5 does not necessarily need to be provided.
- the eutectic foil 5 can change a film thickness according to a site
- a method of adjusting the film thickness of the eutectic foil 5 not only the film thickness is changed depending on the site, but also, for example, a plurality of eutectic foils separated for each part can be used, or a plurality of sheets can be stacked. .
- the main joining step S2 since both frictional heating and resistance heating by vibration are used together, it is not necessary to apply a high pressure to the joining surfaces 2a and 2b, and the joined member 1a having a large area of the joining surfaces 2a and 2b. , 1b can be heated and joined in a later step. That is, for example, when joining by heating only by frictional heating by vibration, it is necessary to press the material at a high surface pressure to increase the amount of frictional heat input, but the material is deformed, so the limited area Only the to-be-joined members can be joined.
- the current concentration location is changed without applying a high pressure to the joining surfaces 2a and 2b. Even when the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b have a large area or a complicated shape, they can be heated and finally bonded, and surface bonding with low distortion is possible.
- the heating time can be shortened, and even in a cast product containing gas in the material, the gas in the material expands due to heating. Therefore, it is difficult to eject and good bonding can be realized.
- the shape of the joining surface is limited to a circle
- the shape of the joint surfaces 2a and 2b is not limited to a circle, and non-contact portions 4a and 4b can be provided. For this reason, even if it is a complicated shape etc. which have a fluid flow path inside, for example, the whole joining surface 2a, 2b can be heated and joined, maintaining airtightness.
- the electrodes 20a and 20b are joined by heating with low heat input for a short time. be able to.
- the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolts 24a, 24b, and 24c is adjusted so that the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolts 24b, 24c far from the central axis Y of the electrodes 20a, 20b is increased.
- the current flowing into the joined members 1a and 1b is made as uniform as possible without depending on the distance from the central axis Y of the electrodes 20a and 20b. For this reason, when the contact surface pressure of the joining surfaces 2a and 2b is uniform, the whole joining surfaces 2a and 2b can be heated uniformly.
- bolt 24 can also be set so that the electric current value in joining surface 2a, 2b may become small, so that the center axis Y of electrode 20a, 20b is approached.
- the portion far from the central axis Y is preferentially heated, and then the pressurizing device.
- the pressurizing force is increased by 40, and the portion close to the electrodes 20a and 20b can be heated.
- the portion close to the electrodes 20a and 20b is arranged. Can be heated.
- the fastening axial force of the member-fixed bolt 24 to be joined in the vicinity of the portion where the contact surface pressure is high can be lowered. This makes it difficult for current to flow at a portion where the contact surface pressure is high, and promotes the diversion to the low surface pressure portion, thereby enabling uniform heating as much as possible. Therefore, it is preferable to join by adjusting the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24 so that the heat generation amount on the joining surfaces 2a and 2b is as uniform as possible.
- the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24 can be set so that the amount of heat generated on the joining surfaces 2a and 2b becomes smaller as it approaches the high surface pressure portion.
- the low surface pressure portion is preferentially heated at the beginning of the joining step S2, and thereafter, the pressurizing device 40 can increase the pressure and heat the high surface pressure portion. That is, when the pressing force is increased by the pressurizing device 40, the influence of the fastening axial force on the current is reduced, and the current flows easily through the high surface pressure portion where the fastening axial force is low. it can.
- the temperature of the members to be joined 1a and 1b is increased by resistance heating for a predetermined time (first joining step S2a), and thereafter, the amount of heat generated by resistance heating is reduced. And the amount of heat generated by vibration may be increased (second bonding step S2b).
- a method for reducing the amount of heat generated by resistance heating and increasing the amount of heat generated by vibration can be realized simply by increasing the pressure applied by the pressure device 40. When the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 40 is increased, the contact pressure at the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b is increased, so that the contact resistance is reduced and the amount of heat generated by the resistance heating is reduced.
- the softened material is agitated by vibration from the process of promoting the softening by increasing the temperature of the material by contact resistance.
- the process moves to the process of promoting integration.
- the method of reducing the amount of heat generated by resistance heating and increasing the amount of heat generated by vibration is not necessarily limited to the method of increasing the pressure of the pressurizing device 40.
- the current supply device 30 or the vibration device 50 can be realized, or the pressurizing device 40 can be combined with another device.
- the transition from the first joining step S2a to the second joining step S2b can be performed by the control device 60. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the transition is performed when a preset time (threshold value T1) has elapsed. Alternatively, the temperature of the members 1a and 1b to be joined can be measured and shifted when a preset temperature is reached.
- the control device 60 identifies the contact resistance between the joining surfaces 2a and 2b from the signal input from the contact resistance detecting device 70, and compares it with a preset threshold value L2. When the bonding between the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b progresses, the contact resistance value decreases. Therefore, when the contact resistance value becomes equal to or less than the threshold value L2, the control device 60 determines that the bonding is completed and performs the bonding process S2. Is finished, and the process proceeds to the next cooling step S3.
- the vibration device 50 is stopped. However, in order to join the members 1a and 1b to be joined at a desired relative position, the members to be joined 1a and 1b are finally obtained by the vibration device 50. Is positioned at the specified position. At this time, since the members to be joined 1a and 1b are positioned with high precision with respect to the electrodes 20a and 20b by the positioning pins 11a and 11b, the member to be joined 1a and the members to be joined are controlled by controlling the vibration exciter 50. 1b can be positioned accurately.
- the vibration device 50 includes a servo mechanism that feedback-controls a vibration source (for example, a servo motor or the like) based on a displacement signal measured by the displacement detection unit 51, so that the bonded member 1a and the bonded member 1b are connected. Relative displacement can be positioned more accurately.
- Control means for executing feedback control may be provided in the vibration device 50 or in the control device 60.
- positioning accuracy will fall if the pressurization force of the pressurization apparatus 40 is large, you may reduce the pressurization force by the pressurization apparatus 40 before stopping the vibration excitation apparatus 50.
- the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 40 When the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 40 is lowered, the positioning accuracy of the members to be joined 1a and 1b is improved, and the vibration device 50 is stopped in a state where the members to be joined 1a and 1b are in a desirable relative position. it can. Moreover, you may provide the other structure for positioning the to-be-joined member 1a, 1b separately.
- the control device 60 stops the vibration device 50 and the current supply device 30, and increases the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 40.
- a preset time threshold value T ⁇ b> 2
- pressurization by the pressurizer 40 is terminated.
- a signal input to the control device 60 from a thermometer not shown
- it is determined that the cooling is finished, and the pressurizing device 40 The pressure can also be terminated.
- the positioning member actuating device 14 causes the positioning pins 11a and 11b to project again and try to be inserted into the positioning holes 7a and 7b of the members to be joined 1a and 1b.
- the positioning pins 11a and 11b can be inserted into the positioning holes 7a and 7b, it can be confirmed that the members to be joined 1a and 1b are joined at appropriate positions. Further, when the positioning pins 11a and 11b cannot be inserted into the positioning holes 7a and 7b, the holding force for the electrodes 20a and 20b of the members to be bonded 1a and 1b is insufficient in the preliminary vibration process S1 and the bonding process S2. It can be confirmed that there is a displacement or a large distortion due to thermal deformation. Thereafter, the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24 is extracted from the to-be-joined members 1a and 1b, and the joined to-be-joined members 1a and 1b are removed from the apparatus.
- the preliminary vibration step S1 can be omitted without necessarily providing it.
- the current supply device 30 supplies current to the joint surfaces 2a and 2b so as to resist the resistance. It may be softened by heating.
- the first joining step S2a and the second joining step S2b are combined into one joining step without decreasing the supply of current and increasing the applied pressure. Can also be implemented.
- the cooling step S3 can be omitted without necessarily providing it.
- the members to be bonded 1a and 1b are vibrated in the direction X along the bonding surface while applying pressure in the bonding surface direction Z, and bonded by resistance heating. Therefore, pressure and vibration act on the high surface pressure part heated by resistance heating, wear and plastic flow occur, and the surface pressure of the high surface pressure part decreases, so the current concentration location changes every moment. To do. As a result, the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b can be uniformly heated, and the entire bonding surfaces 2a and 2b can be bonded uniformly, and surface bonding with low distortion is possible.
- the heating time can be shortened, and even in a cast product containing gas in the material, the gas in the material expands due to heating, It is difficult to eject, and good bonding can be realized.
- non-contact portions 4a and 4b that are separated from each other are provided so that the members to be joined 1a and 1b are surrounded by the joining surfaces 2a and 2b.
- the entire joining surfaces 2a and 2b can be joined while maintaining airtightness.
- bonding surfaces 2a and 2b of the members to be bonded 1a and 1b are located outside the extension line of the central axis Y of the electrodes 20a and 20b, the entire surfaces of the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b can be bonded. Bonding can be done with time and low heat input.
- a preliminary excitation step S1 for relatively vibrating the members to be joined 1a and 1b in the direction X along the joining surface while applying pressure in the joining surface direction Z without resistance heating is performed prior to the joining step S2. Therefore, the joint surfaces 2a and 2b slide and are heated by frictional heat to wear and plastic flow, and the surface pressure between the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be made uniform.
- the eutectic reaction material becomes a liquid phase at a low melting point by the eutectic reaction, shuts off oxygen, and Reoxidation can be suppressed. For this reason, joining with low heat input is possible for a short time in the atmosphere, and mass production becomes easy.
- the eutectic reaction material is formed in a film shape having a different thickness depending on the part, so that the surface pressure at the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be adjusted.
- the eutectic reaction material is formed to have a relatively thick eutectic reaction material corresponding to a position having a relatively low surface pressure when pressure is applied to the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b. The surface pressure at the time of joining can be ensured.
- the joining step S2 if the amount of heat generated by resistance heating is decreased and the amount of heat generated by vibration (sliding) is increased as the joining time elapses, the material is heated to high temperature by contact resistance and softening is promoted. Later, the softened material can be agitated by shaking to facilitate integration.
- the joining step S2 if the applied pressure acting on the joining surfaces 2a and 2b is increased as the joining time elapses, the amount of heat generated by resistance heating can be easily reduced only by adjusting the pressure device 40. And the calorific value by vibration can be increased.
- a plurality of currents can be prevented. There is no need to provide a transformer, and a simple device configuration is possible. Moreover, uniform surface bonding can be realized by adjusting the contact resistance at the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b.
- the current path adjusting means has a plurality of bonded member fixing bolts 24 (fastening portions) for fastening the bonded members 1a and 1b to the electrodes 20a and 20b with an axial force, and individually changes the fastening axial force. By doing so, the contact resistance at the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be adjusted, so that the contact resistance can be easily adjusted.
- the fastening axial force of the member to be joined fixing bolt 24 (fastening portion) disposed in the vicinity of the position having a relatively high surface pressure is used as the fastening shaft of the other member to be joined fixing bolt 24.
- the electric current flowing into the members to be joined 1a and 1b can be made as uniform as possible without depending on the distance from the central axis Y of the electrode.
- the conductive electrode plates 23a and 23b are interposed between the members 1a and 1b and the electrode bodies 21a and 21b, when the current flows from the electrodes 20a and 20b to the members 1a and 1b, the electrode body The contact resistance between 21a, 21b and the electrode plates 23a, 23b and the contact resistance between the electrode plates 23a, 23b and the members to be joined exist. Accordingly, the two contact resistances are connected in series, and the total contact resistance between the electrodes 20a and 20b and the bonded members 1a and 1b is increased. For this reason, the contact resistance sensitivity with respect to the fastening axial force of the to-be-joined member fixing bolt 24 (fastening portion) is increased, and the adjustment range of the contact resistance is widened.
- joining process S2 the contact resistance between the to-be-joined members 1a and 1b is detected by the contact resistance detection apparatus 70, and when the said contact resistance becomes below the preset threshold value L2, joining process S2 is stopped.
- the contact resistance value decreases with the progress of the joining of the joining surfaces 2a and 2b, so that the completion of joining can be easily determined from the threshold value.
- the frictional force detection apparatus 80 detects the frictional force between to-be-joined members 1a and 1b, and when the said frictional force becomes more than the preset dark value, joining process S2 is stopped. By doing so, the frictional force increases with the progress of the joining of the joining surfaces 2a and 2b, so that the completion of joining can be easily determined from the threshold value.
- the joining surfaces 2a and 2b do not have to be flat because the vibration can be performed if the sliding is possible even in one direction.
- the degree of freedom of the shape of the joint surfaces 2a and 2b is improved.
- the vibration of the joined members 1a and 1b is performed by revolving motion, the relative motion between the joining surfaces 2a and 2b does not stop, so only the dynamic friction coefficient acts and the friction coefficient is stabilized.
- the vibration at the time of vibration becomes smooth and the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be evenly worn.
- the pressure required for vibration heating can be suppressed low, and the members 1a, Even if the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b of 1b have a large area or a complicated shape, they can be bonded. Further, since the excitation force by the vibration device 50 and the pressure force by the pressure device 40 may be small, the pressure device 40 and the vibration device 50 can be kept small, and the joining device 10 can be made simple and space-saving. Can be configured.
- the current supply apparatus 30 is configured to perform excitation resistance heating that supplies current to the electrodes 20a and 20b while exciting the pair of members to be bonded 1a and 1b.
- a control device 60 for controlling the vibration device 50. For this reason, pressure and vibration are applied to the high surface pressure portions of the members 1a and 1b heated by resistance heating to cause wear and plastic flow, and the surface pressure of the high surface pressure portion is lowered to be moment by moment. And the current concentration changes.
- the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b can be uniformly heated, and the entire bonding surfaces 2a and 2b can be bonded uniformly, and surface bonding with low distortion is possible.
- control device 60 controls the current supply device 30 and the vibration device 50 so as to preliminarily vibrate the bonded members 1a and 1b without resistance heating before the vibration resistance heating.
- 2a and 2b are heated by frictional heat and wear and plastic flow, and the surface pressure between the joining surfaces 2a and 2b can be made uniform.
- control device 60 starts the excitation resistance heating when the contact resistance detected by the contact resistance detection device 70 is equal to or less than a preset threshold value L1 in the preliminary excitation, the contact resistance is increased. Can be transferred to the bonding step S2.
- control device 60 increases the applied pressure of the pressurizing device 40 as the joining time elapses in the excitation resistance heating, the heat generation by the resistance heating can be easily performed only by adjusting the pressurizing device 40. The amount can be decreased and the amount of heat generated by vibration can be increased.
- the member-fixed bolts 24 (current path adjusting means) for changing the current path in the members to be bonded 1a and 1b are provided, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of transformers for preventing the diversion, and a simple device configuration is possible. It becomes. Moreover, uniform surface bonding can be realized by adjusting the contact resistance at the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b.
- the current path adjusting means is two or more member-fixed bolts 24 (fastening portions) for fastening the members 1a and 1b to the electrodes 20a and 20b by an axial force
- the fastening axial force is individually set. Since the contact resistance at the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be adjusted by changing to, the contact resistance can be easily adjusted.
- control device 60 stops the excitation resistance heating when the contact resistance detected by the contact resistance detection device 70 becomes equal to or less than a preset threshold value L2 in the excitation resistance heating, the bonding is performed. Since the contact resistance value decreases with the progress of the joining of the surfaces 2a and 2b, the completion of the joining can be easily determined from the threshold value.
- control device 60 stops the excitation resistance heating when the friction force detected by the friction force detection device 80 becomes equal to or higher than a preset threshold value in the excitation resistance heating, the bonding surface Since the frictional force increases with the progress of the joining of 2a and 2b, the completion of the joining can be easily determined by the threshold value.
- the vibration by the vibration device 50 is a reciprocating motion
- the vibration can be performed as long as it can slide in only one direction. Therefore, the joint surfaces 2a and 2b may not be flat. The degree of freedom of the shapes of 2a and 2b is improved.
- the vibration by the vibration device 50 is a revolving motion
- the relative motion between the joint surfaces 2a and 2b does not stop, so only the dynamic friction coefficient acts and the friction coefficient is stabilized.
- the vibration at the time becomes smooth, and the joint surfaces 2a and 2b can be evenly worn.
- control device 60 supplies the current supply device so that the total heat input to the bonded members 1a and 1b by resistance heating is larger than the total heat input to the bonded members 1a and 1b by frictional heating caused by vibration. 30, by controlling at least one of the vibration device 50 and the pressure device 40, the pressure force required for vibration heating can be kept low, and the bonding surfaces 2a and 2b of the members to be bonded 1a and 1b have a large area. Even in the case of or a complicated shape, it can be joined. Further, since the excitation force by the vibration device 50 and the pressure force by the pressure device 40 may be small, the pressure device 40 and the vibration device 50 can be kept small, and the joining device 10 can be made simple and space-saving. Can be configured.
- FIGS. 8 to 10 show a cross section in the vicinity of the joining surface of a member to be joined which is another example, but as shown in FIG. 8, a non-contact portion 4c may be formed inside the circular cross section.
- Reference numeral 20b represents an electrode.
- the non-contact portions 4d and 4e may be a double tube having a circular cross section, and as shown in FIG. 9B, the non-contact portions 4f and 4g are rectangular cross sections.
- the double pipe may be used.
- the tube structure may be triple or more, and the cross-sectional shape may be a shape other than a rectangle or a circle.
- the non-contact portion may not be formed, and the cross-sectional shape may be a rectangle, a circle, or another shape.
- the non-contact part 4h may be formed so that the solid substance 8 located on the extension line
- shaft Y may be provided in the inside of a tubular body.
- two non-contact portions 4i and 4j are arranged side by side, and a wall body 9 between the two non-contact portions 4i and 4j is formed on the extension line of the electrode central axis Y. Good.
- three or more non-contact portions may be arranged, and the wall body 9 may not exist on the extension line of the electrode central axis Y.
- shaft-like portions 26a and 26b and the fixing portions 27a and 27b may be configured separately.
- the joining apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is provided with a plurality of first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c (current input portions) with respect to the member 101a to be joined, It differs from the joining apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment in that each current amount for the 101a can be controlled.
- the bonding apparatus 100 includes a pair of first electrodes 103 and second electrodes 104 (hereinafter, the first electrode and the second electrode are also simply referred to as electrodes) in contact with each of the pair of members to be bonded 101a and 101b. ), A current supply device 105 (current supply means) for supplying current to the electrodes 103 and 104, and the electrodes 103 and 104 are added to the joining surface direction Z (direction orthogonal to the joining surfaces) of the members to be joined 101a and 101b. And a pressurizing device 106 (pressurizing means) for pressing.
- the joining apparatus 100 includes a vibration device 107 (sliding means) that slides the member to be joined 101a, and a control device 108 (control means) that controls the devices 105, 106, and 107.
- a vibration device 107 sliding means
- a control device 108 control means
- At least one of the electrodes 103 and 104 is provided by being divided into a plurality of electrodes.
- the members to be joined 101a and 101b are aluminum (Al), but any material can be used as long as it has conductivity. Also, it can be applied to the dissimilar material joining such as aluminum (Al) -iron (Fe), aluminum (Al) -magnesium (Mg).
- a foil-like eutectic material 101c made of a eutectic reaction material that undergoes a eutectic reaction with the members to be joined 101a and 101b is sandwiched.
- the eutectic material 101c is preferably formed to match the shape of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the eutectic material 101c includes zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), copper (Cu), tin (Sn), silver (Ag), nickel, which reacts with aluminum. (Ni) or the like can be used.
- any material can be used as a material instead of the eutectic material 101c as long as the material becomes a liquid phase at a temperature lower than the melting point of at least one of the members 101a and 101b.
- the thickness of the eutectic material 101c is preferably 10 to 100 ⁇ m, for example. However, the thickness is not limited to this, and the thickness may be uniform or different depending on the part.
- the pressurizing device 106 is a device that pressurizes the pair of members to be joined 101a and 101b in the joining surface direction Z through the electrodes 103 and 104, and includes, for example, a hydraulic cylinder.
- the pressurizing device 106 is connected to the control device 108 and can arbitrarily control the pressurizing force.
- the vibration exciter 107 is a device that slides one of the members to be joined 101a in a direction X (a direction orthogonal to the normal of the joining surface) along the joining surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the bonding apparatus 100 includes a holding portion 109 (holding member) for holding the upper member to be bonded 101a movably along the direction X, and a fixing portion 111 (holding member) for fixing the lower member to be bonded 101b. ), And the vibration exciter 107 slides the member 101a to be joined via the holding portion 109.
- the holding portion 109 and the fixing portion 111 function as positioning members for accurately positioning the relative positions of the member to be bonded 101a and the member to be bonded 101b.
- the vibration exciter 107 includes a displacement detector 107a that detects the displacement of the member 10a to be slid.
- the displacement detection unit 107a is, for example, a displacement sensor or a displacement detection encoder.
- ultrasonic vibration, electromagnetic vibration, hydraulic vibration, cam vibration, or the like can be applied to the mechanism of the vibration device 107, but is not limited thereto as long as vibration can be performed.
- the vibration device 107 is connected to the control device 108 and can arbitrarily control the vibration frequency, the vibration amplitude, the vibration force, and the like.
- the current supply device 105 is a device that can apply a direct current or an alternating current to the electrodes 103 and 104, and is connected to the control device 108 so that the current value and the voltage value can be arbitrarily controlled.
- the control device 108 is an electronic computer that comprehensively controls the pressurization device 106, the vibration device 107, and the current supply device 105 described above.
- the control device 108 includes a calculation unit, a storage unit, an input unit, and an output unit.
- a program for controlling the entire joining apparatus 100 is stored in the storage unit, and when the program is executed by the arithmetic unit, the joining members 101a and 101b are joined by the joining apparatus 100. .
- each device may be manually operated without providing the control device 108.
- the electrodes 103 and 104 do not necessarily need to be in direct contact with the members to be joined 101a and 101b, and may be in contact with each other through, for example, another member having conductivity.
- the eutectic material 101c may not necessarily be provided. Further, a general brazing material or solder may be applied instead of the eutectic material 101c.
- the pressurizing device 106 is provided on the first electrode 103 side in FIG. 13, it may be provided on the second electrode 104 side, or may be provided on both.
- the pressurizing device 106 pressurizes the members to be bonded 101a and 101b through the electrodes 103 and 104, but directly pressurizes the members to be bonded 101a and 101b without using the electrodes 103 and 104. There may be.
- another pressurizing device that pressurizes the bonded members 101a and 101b itself is provided.
- the vibration device 107 may be configured to vibrate the bonded member 101b instead of the bonded member 101a, or may be configured to vibrate both of the bonded members 101a and 101b.
- the eutectic material 101 c is sandwiched between the members to be bonded 101 a and 101 b to be bonded to each other, and the members to be bonded 101 a and 101 b are held between the electrodes 103 and 104.
- the member to be bonded 101b is fixed to the fixing portion 111, and the member to be bonded 101a is held by the holding portion 109 so as to vibrate.
- the members to be joined 101a and 101b are pressurized by the pressurizing device 106 with a preset pressure.
- the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 106 is adjusted by the control device 108 and is preferably about 2 to 10 MPa, for example, but is not limited thereto.
- the vibration device 107 is driven by the control device 108 to vibrate and slide the member to be bonded 101a in a direction along the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b (preliminary sliding step S11).
- the excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude are not particularly limited. As an example, the excitation amplitude is preferably about 100 to 1000 ⁇ m, and the excitation frequency is preferably about 10 to 100 Hz.
- the joint surfaces 102a and 102b slide and frictional heat is generated, the material is softened, and the joint surfaces 102a and 102b are worn. It plastically flows and the surface pressure between the joint surfaces 102a and 102b is made uniform to some extent. Further, the preliminary sliding step S11 has the effect of reducing the variation in contact resistance due to the difference in film thickness by removing the oxide film on the surface of aluminum, and suppressing the variation in the amount of heat generated when resistance heating is performed in the subsequent process. Demonstrate.
- the first joining step S12 is performed after the preliminary sliding step S11.
- the first bonding step S ⁇ b> 12 the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 are brought into contact with the members to be bonded 101 a and 101 b, and the sliding between the vibration devices 107 is maintained and the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 104 are maintained.
- a current is supplied by the current supply device 105.
- the members to be joined 101a and 101b are heated by using both friction heating and resistance heating in combination.
- resistance heating is greatly applied and heated in the high surface pressure portion where currents concentrate on the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b, and the oxide films on the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b are forcibly separated.
- the second joining step S13 is performed after the first joining step S12.
- the frictional heat is increased by decreasing the supply of current by the current supply device 105 and increasing the pressurizing force by the pressurizing device 106.
- the amount of heat generated by resistance heating is reduced, and the process proceeds to a process of promoting integration by stirring the softened material by sliding.
- the supply of current by the current supply device 105 is finally stopped.
- the increase in frictional heat can also be achieved by controlling the vibration device 107.
- the vibration device 107 is stopped. However, in order to join the members to be joined 101a and 101b at a desired relative position, the member to be joined 101a is finally made by the vibration device 107. , 101b are positioned at desired positions. At this time, since the members to be joined 101a and 101b are held by the holding portion 109 and the fixing portion 111 which are positioning members, the member to be joined 101a and the member to be joined 101b are accurately controlled by controlling the vibration exciter 107. Can be positioned.
- the vibration exciter 107 includes a servo mechanism that feedback-controls an excitation source (for example, a servo motor or the like) based on a displacement signal measured by the displacement detector 107a, so that the members to be joined 101a and 101b are joined. Relative displacement can be positioned more accurately.
- the control means for executing the feedback control may be provided in the vibration device 107 or the control device 108. In addition, since positioning accuracy will fall if the pressurization force of the pressurization apparatus 106 is large, you may reduce the pressurization force by the pressurization apparatus 106 before stopping the vibration excitation apparatus 107.
- the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 106 When the pressure applied by the pressurizing device 106 is lowered, the positioning accuracy of the members to be joined 101a and 101b is improved, and the vibration device 107 is stopped in a state where the members to be joined 101a and 101b are in a desirable relative position. it can. In addition, you may provide the other structure for positioning the to-be-joined member 1a, 1b separately.
- the cooling step S14 is performed after the second joining step S13.
- the control device 108 stops the vibration device 107 and the current supply device 105 and increases the pressure applied by the pressure device 106. Then, when a preset time has elapsed, it is determined that the cooling has been completed, and the pressurization by the pressurization device 106 is terminated.
- a signal input to the control device 108 from a thermometer (not shown) that measures the temperature of the bonded members 101a and 101b becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value, it is determined that the cooling is finished, and the pressurizing device 106 Pressurization can also be terminated. Thereafter, the electrodes 103 and 104 are retracted, and the joined members 101a and 101b are removed from the apparatus. Thereby, joining of the to-be-joined members 101a and 101b is completed.
- Diffusion bonding surfaces bonded by diffusion of the material of the members to be bonded 101a and 101b and the materials of the members to be bonded 101a and 101b at the bonding interfaces of the members to be bonded 101a and 101b bonded by the bonding method of the present embodiment. Are formed by mixing a plastic flow joint surface joined by plastic flow and an intermediate layer interposed joint surface joined via the eutectic material 101c.
- the eutectic material 101c becomes a liquid phase with a low melting point by a eutectic reaction, and the bonded members 101a and 101b or the bonded members 101a and 101b of the eutectic material 101c are combined. Promote mutual diffusion to Furthermore, since the eutectic material 101c plays a role of blocking oxygen and suppressing re-oxidation of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b, it can be bonded in the atmosphere for a short time with low heat input, and mass production is easy. Become.
- the current concentrated portion can be changed and uniform heating can be performed without applying high pressure to the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b.
- 102b can be bonded even when they have a large area or a complicated shape, and uniform surface bonding with low distortion is possible.
- the heating time can be shortened, and even in a cast product containing gas in the material, the gas in the material expands due to heating. Therefore, it is difficult to eject and good bonding can be realized.
- the member to be bonded 101a is vibrated in one direction along the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b, but is not limited to this as long as it slides relatively.
- the bonding surface 102a such as a revolving motion.
- 102b can be vibrated in two directions.
- the preliminary sliding step S11 can be omitted without necessarily providing it.
- the current supply device 105 supplies current to the electrodes 103 and 104 instead of sliding by the vibration device 107, so that the joint surface 102a and 102b may be softened by resistance heating.
- the first joining step S12 and the second joining step S13 are combined into one joining step without decreasing the current supply while increasing the pressure. Can also be implemented.
- the cooling step S14 can be omitted without always being provided.
- the bonding apparatus 100 includes a plurality of (three in the present embodiment, as an example) first electrodes 103 a and 103 b as the first electrodes 103 that supply current to the member 101 a to be slid. , 103c. Note that there is only one second electrode 104 that supplies current to the member to be bonded 101b.
- the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c that supply current to the bonded member 101a are larger than the second electrodes 104 that supply current to the bonded member 101b, and the total contact area of the first electrode 103 with respect to the bonded member 101a is larger.
- the total contact area of the second electrode 104 with respect to the bonded member 101b is larger. For this reason, the current density of the first electrodes 103 a, 103 b, and 103 c is lower than that of the second electrode 104. Therefore, by sliding the member to be bonded 101a, wear and welding of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c and the member to be bonded 101a when the first electrode 103a, 103b, 103c and the member to be bonded 101a slide are joined. This can be reduced as compared with the case where the member to be bonded 101b is slid.
- Each of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c includes a first current adjustment unit 112a, a second current adjustment unit 112b, and a third current adjustment unit 112c (hereinafter referred to as a first current adjustment unit) controlled by the control device 108.
- the second current adjusting unit and the third current adjusting unit are simply referred to as a current adjusting unit).
- the amount of current supplied to each of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c can be controlled by controlling the current adjusting units 112a, 112b, and 112c by the control device 108.
- a variable transformer is used for the current adjusting units 112a, 112b, and 112c, but a variable resistor can also be used.
- a voltmeter 113 capable of measuring the voltage of the current supply device 105 is provided in a path through which current flows from the current supply device 105 to the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c. Further, the first electrodes 103a and 103b are provided. , 103c, the first ammeter 114a, the second ammeter 114b, and the third ammeter 114c (hereinafter, the first ammeter, the second ammeter, and the third ammeter are simply referred to as ammeters). Also called).
- Measured signals from the voltmeter 113 and the ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c are all input to the control device 108. Therefore, in the control device 108, from the measurement results of the voltmeter 113 and the ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c and the adjustment amounts of the current adjustment units 112a, 112b, and 112c, the first electrode 103a, 103b, and 103c to the second electrode 104 are obtained.
- the contact resistance values of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b in the three current paths K1, K2, and K3 can be calculated.
- the voltage in the first current path K1 can be calculated from the voltage measured by the voltmeter 113 and the voltage of the first current adjustment unit 112a. By dividing the value by the current value detected by the first ammeter 114a, the total resistance value in the first current path K1 can be calculated.
- the total resistance value includes the contact resistance value of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b, the resistance value of the bonded members 101a and 101b itself, the contact resistance value between the first electrode 103a and the bonded member 101a, and the second electrode 104
- the contact resistance value between the members to be bonded 101b and the like are included, and the ratio of the contact resistance value of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b to the total resistance value changes according to the applied pressure or the like. Therefore, for example, by creating a reference table in advance by experiment or analysis, the contact resistance values of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be calculated from the calculated total resistance values according to the measured conditions.
- the second and third The contact resistance values of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b in the current paths K2 and K3 can be calculated.
- the voltmeter 113, the ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c, the current adjustment unit 112, and the control device 108 function as a contact resistance detection unit for calculating the contact resistance values of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the contact resistance detection unit is not limited to the above configuration as long as it can detect the contact resistance values of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b of the members to be joined 101a and 101b, and can be designed as appropriate.
- the uniformity of the contact surface pressure in joining surface 102a, 102b is discriminate
- the threshold value can be set based on experiments, analysis, and the like.
- the current adjustment units 112a and 112b are configured such that the amount of current decreases as the electrode is relatively closer to the center of gravity of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b.
- 112c are controlled (S22).
- the current value of the first electrode 103a is greater than the current values of the other first electrodes 103b and 103c.
- At least one of the current adjustment units 112a, 112b, and 112c is controlled by the control device 108 so as to be smaller.
- the adjustment amounts of the current adjustment units 112a, 112b, and 112c can be set based on experiments, analysis, and the like.
- the contact surface pressure at the joint surfaces 102a and 102b is not uniform, it is detected that the contact surface pressure of the first electrode 103 in the vicinity of the portion with the high contact surface pressure, that is, the joint surfaces 102a and 102b is high. At least one of the current adjusting units 112a, 112b, and 112c is controlled so that the first electrode 103 has a smaller amount of current than the other first electrodes 103 (S23). By reducing the amount of current passing through the high surface pressure portion where current concentration occurs, the amount of current flowing through the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be made more uniform. Note that the adjustment amounts of the current adjustment units 112a, 112b, and 112c can be set based on experiments, analysis, and the like.
- the contact surface pressure uniformity of the members to be joined 101a and 101b may not necessarily be determined by providing a contact resistance detector. Therefore, when the contact surface pressure of the members to be bonded 101a and 101b is known before joining, or when the contact surface pressure is non-uniform and the contact surface pressure is high is known before joining.
- the step is a step of adjusting and joining the current adjusting units 112a, 112b, and 112c without determining the contact surface pressure uniformity by the contact resistance detecting unit, omitting the determining step S21 shown in FIG. S22 or S23 can be implemented.
- a plurality of current input paths (first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c) to the member to be bonded 101a are provided, and at least one current input path is used when a current flows through the members to be bonded 101a, 101b.
- the control device 108 since the current input values at the three first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c) can be controlled by the control device 108, the amount of heat generated at the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be controlled.
- first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c having the same polarity for supplying current to the member to be joined 101a are provided, and by adjusting the current amount of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c, In order to control the current input value, it is possible to control the amount of heat generated at the joint surfaces 102a and 102b simply by adjusting the amount of current.
- the current of an electrode (for example, the first electrode 103a) that is relatively close to the center of gravity of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the amount can be controlled to be relatively smaller than the current amount of the other electrodes (for example, the first electrodes 103b and 103c) (see step S22 in FIG. 16). Therefore, when it can be determined that the contact surface pressure of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b is uniform, the amount of current flowing through the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b is reduced by reducing the current amount at the center of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b where the current is superimposed.
- the distance of the electrode 103 that is relatively close to a portion having a relatively high contact surface pressure on the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be controlled to be relatively smaller than the amount of current of the other electrode 103 (see step S23 in FIG. 16). Therefore, when it can be determined that the contact surface pressure of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b is not uniform, the amount of current flowing through the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b can be further reduced by reducing the amount of current passing through the high surface pressure portion where current concentration occurs. It can be made uniform.
- the contact surface pressure at the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be detected and the current amount of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c can be controlled based on the detected contact surface pressure, a desirable joint condition for each individual is automatically set. It becomes possible to join and discriminate.
- the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c that supply current to the member to be bonded 101a are larger than the second electrodes 104 that supply current to the member to be bonded 101b, the total contact area is large and the current density is small. Accordingly, since the electrode in contact with the member to be bonded 101a to be slid has the smaller current density, the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c when the first electrode 103a, 103b, and 103c and the member to be bonded 101a slide are slid. Wear and welding can be reduced.
- FIG. 17 shows a modification of the bonding apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- the second electrode 104 that supplies a current to the member to be bonded 101b a plurality of (in this embodiment, three as an example) second electrodes are used. Electrodes 104a, 104b, 104c may be provided. Alternatively, it is possible to increase the number of second electrodes 104 in contact with the member to be bonded 101b rather than the first electrode 103 in contact with the member to be bonded 101a. Further, as in another modification of the joining apparatus of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the first electrodes 103d and 103e in contact with the member to be joined 101a and the second electrodes 104d and 104e in contact with the member to be joined 101b.
- the amount of electricity flowing between the first electrodes 103d and 103e and the second electrodes 104d and 104e can be dispersed, and the amount of current flowing through the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be made more uniform.
- the joining device 120 controls each pressure applied to the joined member 101 a of the plurality of first electrodes 103 a, 103 b, and 103 c, thereby joining the joined members. It differs from the joining apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment in that the amount of heat generated in the plurality of current paths K1, K2, K3 in 101a, 101b is controlled.
- the description is abbreviate
- the bonding apparatus 120 includes a plurality of (three in the present embodiment, as an example) first electrodes 103a as the electrodes 103 that supply current to the bonded member 101a. 103b, 103c, and one second electrode 104 for supplying current to the member to be bonded 101b is provided.
- the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c are provided with pressurizing devices 106a, 106b, and 106c, respectively. By controlling the pressurizing devices 106a, 106b, and 106c independently, The applied pressure of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c can be adjusted.
- the plurality of pressure devices 106a, 106b, and 106c serve as current path adjusting means that adjust the current paths K1, K2, and K3 by changing the contact resistance between the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c and the bonded member 101a. Also works.
- a voltmeter 113 capable of measuring the voltage of the current supply device 105 is provided in a current path through which current flows from the current supply device 105 to the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c. Further, the first electrodes 103a, 103b, Ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c capable of measuring the amount of current flowing to each of 103c are provided.
- the measurement signals in the voltmeter 113 and the ammeters 114a, 114b, 114c are all input to the control device 108. Therefore, in the control device 108, the measurement results of the voltmeter 113 and the ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c are used in the three current paths K1, K2, and K3 from the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c to the second electrode 104, respectively.
- the total resistance value can be calculated.
- the total resistance value includes the contact resistance value of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b, the resistance value of the bonded members 101a and 101b itself, the contact resistance value between the first electrode 103a and the bonded member 101a, and the second electrode 104
- the contact resistance value between the members to be bonded 101b is included, and the ratio of the contact resistance values of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b of the members to be bonded 101a and 101b to the total resistance value changes according to the applied pressure and the like. Therefore, for example, by creating a reference table in advance by experiment or analysis, the contact resistance values of the joining surfaces 102a and 102b of the members to be joined 101a and 101b are calculated from the total resistance values calculated according to the measured conditions. Can be detected.
- the resistance value can be detected.
- the voltmeter 113, the ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c and the control device 108 function as a contact resistance detector for calculating the contact resistance values of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the contact resistance detection unit includes a voltmeter 113, ammeters 114a, 114b, and 114c, and a control device 108 as long as the contact resistance values of the joining surfaces 102a and 102b of the members to be joined 101a and 101b can be detected. It is not limited to the structure, and can be designed as appropriate.
- the uniformity of the contact surface pressure in joining surface 102a, 102b is discriminate
- the control device 108 determines that the difference between the detected contact surface pressures of the joining surfaces 102a and 102b is uniform if it is within a preset threshold range, and determines that it is non-uniform if it is outside the threshold range. it can.
- the threshold value can be set based on experiments, analysis, and the like.
- the pressure applied to the member to be bonded 101a is smaller as the electrode is relatively closer to the center of gravity of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the pressure devices 106a, 106b, and 106c are controlled.
- the first electrode 103a is closer to the center of gravity of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b than the first electrodes 103b and 103c, the pressure applied to the member 101a to be bonded by the first electrode 103a is reduced.
- the contact resistance between the 1st electrode 103a and the to-be-joined member 101a increases, and the electric current amount which flows into the to-be-joined member 101a from the 1st electrode 103a reduces.
- the amount of current in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b where currents from a plurality of electrodes are easily superimposed can be reduced, and the amount of current flowing through the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be made more uniform.
- the adjustment amounts of the pressurizing devices 106a, 106b, and 106c can be set based on experiments, analysis, and the like.
- the contact resistance value of the electrode 3 in the vicinity of the portion where the contact surface pressure is high, that is, the contact surfaces of the bonded members 101a and 101b is detected low.
- the pressure device 106 is controlled by the control device 108 so that the pressure applied by the pressure device 106 that presses the first electrode 103 is reduced.
- the contact resistance between the 1st electrode 103a and the to-be-joined member 101a increases, and the electric current amount which flows into the to-be-joined member 101a from the 1st electrode 103a reduces.
- the adjustment amounts of the pressurizing devices 106a, 106b, and 106c can be set based on experiments and analysis.
- the uniformity of the contact surface pressure on the joint surfaces 102a and 102b is not necessarily determined by providing a contact resistance detector. That is, when the contact surface pressure on the joint surfaces 102a and 102b is known to be uniform before joining, or when the contact surface pressure on the joint surfaces 102a and 102b is non-uniform and the contact surface pressure is high, the contact surface pressure is pre-joined. In the process of adjusting the current adjusting units 112a, 112b, and 112c without determining the contact surface pressure uniformity by the contact resistance detecting unit and omitting the determining step S31 shown in FIG. A certain step S32 or S33 can be carried out.
- the current input path (this embodiment) is adjusted by adjusting the contact surface pressure between the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c for supplying a current to the member to be bonded 101a and the member to be bonded 101a.
- the current input values at the three first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c) are controlled, it is possible to control the amount of heat generated at the joint surfaces 102a and 102b.
- first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c having the same polarity for supplying current to the member to be joined 101a are provided, and the pressure applied to the contact target of the first electrodes 103a, 103b, 103c can be controlled independently. It is possible to control the amount of heat generated at the joint surfaces 102a and 102b.
- the electrodes for example, the first electrode 103a that are relatively close to the center of gravity of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b are covered.
- the pressure applied to the bonding member 101a can be controlled to be relatively smaller than the pressure applied to the other electrodes (for example, the first electrodes 103b and 103c) (see step S32 in FIG. 21). ). Therefore, when the contact surface pressures of the bonding surfaces 102a and 102b can be determined to be uniform, the contact resistance between the first electrode 103a and the bonded member 101a that are relatively close to the center of gravity is increased to increase the first electrode.
- the amount of current flowing from the joint surfaces 102a and 102b can be made more uniform by reducing the amount of current from 103a.
- the first electrodes 103a, 103b, and 103c having the same polarity that are relatively close to each other from a portion having a relatively high contact surface pressure on the joint surfaces 102a and 102b. It is possible to control the pressure applied to the bonded member 101a of 103 to be relatively lower than the pressure applied to the other first electrode 103 (see step S33 in FIG. 21). Therefore, when it can be determined that the contact surface pressures of the joint surfaces 102a and 102b are not uniform, the amount of current passing through the high surface pressure portion where current concentration occurs is reduced, so that the current is diverted to the low surface pressure portion and the joint surface 102a. , 102b can be made more uniform.
- each member to be joined 101a and 101b can be controlled. It is possible to automatically discriminate and join the desired joining conditions.
- the number of the first electrodes 103 in the second and third embodiments may be two, or four or more.
- the plurality of first electrodes 103 may have a structure in which the first electrode 103 is not in contact with the member to be bonded 101a from one direction but is in contact from different directions.
- the current path adjusting means (bonded member fixing bolt 24) according to the first embodiment
- the current path adjusting means (current adjusting portions 112a, 112b, 112c) according to the second embodiment
- the current path adjusting means (pressurizing devices 106a, 106b, 106c) may be used in an appropriate combination.
- the sliding acts on the high surface pressure portion heated by the resistance heating to cause wear and plasticity. Flow and material diffusion occur, and the surface pressure of the high surface pressure portion decreases, so that the current concentration point changes every moment. Thereby, a joining surface can be heated uniformly and the whole joining surface can be joined uniformly.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の実施形態に係る導電材料の接合装置10は、図1~4に示すように、導電性を有する一対の被接合部材1a,1bを互いに接合させる装置である。接合装置10は、被接合部材1a,1bを、互いに接合させる接合面2a,2bを対向させて保持し、接合面方向Z(接合面2a,2bの法線方向)に加圧しながら接合面2a,2bに沿う方向Xへ摺動させつつ、抵抗加熱を行うことで被接合部材1a,1b同士を接合する。
本発明の第2実施形態に係る接合装置100は、図15に示すように、被接合部材101aに対して複数の第1電極103a,103b,103c(電流入力部)が設けられ、被接合部材101aに対する各々の電流量を制御できる点で、第1実施形態に係る接合装置10と異なる。
本発明の第3実施形態に係る接合装置120は、図20に示すように、複数の第1電極103a,103b,103cの被接合部材101aに対する各々の加圧力を制御することで、被接合部材101a,101bにおける複数の電流経路K1,K2,K3の発熱量を制御する点で、第2実施形態に係る接合装置100と異なる。なお、第2の実施形態と同様の機能を有する部位については同一の符号を使用し、重複を避けるため、その説明を省略する。
2a,2b,102a,102b 接合面
4a,4b 非接触部
5 共晶箔(共晶反応材料)
7a,7b 位置決め孔(位置決め部)
14 位置決め部材作動装置(位置決め部材作動手段)
11a,11b 位置決めピン(位置決め部材)
10,100,120 接合装置
20a,20b 電極(電流入力部、保持部材)
103,103a,103b,103c,103d,103e 第1電極(電流入力部)
104,104a,104b,104c,104d,104e 第2電極
21a,21b 電極本体
23a,23b 電極板(電流入力部)
24 被接合部材固定ボルト(電流経路調整手段 締結部)
25 ボルト貫通孔
30,105 電流供給装置(電流供給手段)
40,106,106a,106b,106c 加圧装置(加圧手段)
50,107 加振装置(摺動手段)
60,108 制御装置(制御手段)
70 接触抵抗検知装置(接触抵抗検知部)
80 摩擦力検知装置(摩擦力検知部)
101c 共晶材(共晶反応材料)
109 保持部(保持部材、位置決め部材)
111 固定部(保持部材、位置決め部材)
112a,112b,112c 電流調整部
113 電圧計
114a,114b,114c 電流計
L1 閾値
L2 閾値
S1,S11 予備加振工程(予備摺動工程)
S2 接合工程
S2a,S12 第1接合工程
S2b,S13 第2接合工程
S3,S14 冷却工程
X 接合面に沿う方向
Y 電極中心軸
Z 接合面方向
Claims (58)
- 導電性を備えた被接合部材を接合するための接合方法であって、
互いに接合される前記被接合部材の接合面を対向させ、一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ、前記被接合部材の一方から他方へ電流を流して抵抗加熱により前記接合面同士を接合する接合工程を有する接合方法。 - 前記接合工程の前に、抵抗加熱せずに、互いに接合される前記被接合部材の接合面を対向させ、一対の当該被接合部材を相対的に摺動させる予備摺動工程を有する、請求項1に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合工程において、前記被接合部材の対向する接合面の間に加圧力を作用させつつ相対的に摺動させて抵抗加熱した後、前記加圧力を低減させて摺動を停止させることで前記被接合部材同士を位置決めする、請求項1または2に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合工程の前に、一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動可能に保持する保持部材に対して位置を規定する位置決め部材により、前記被接合部材の位置決めを行う、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記位置決め部材は、前記被接合部材に形成される位置決め部に挿入可能であって前記保持部材から進退動可能な位置決め部材であり、
当該位置決め部材を前記被接合部材の位置決め部に挿入させて前記被接合部材の位置決めを行った後、前記接合工程の前に、前記位置決め部材を後退させて前記被接合部材の位置決め部から引き抜く、請求項4に記載の接合方法。 - 前記位置決め部材は、前記被接合部材に形成される位置決め部に挿入可能であって前記保持部材から進退動可能な位置決め部材であり、
前記接合工程の後に、前記当該位置決め部材を前記被接合部材の位置決め部に挿入させる、請求項4または5に記載の接合方法。 - 前記位置決め部材に、前記被接合部材および前記保持部材よりも電気抵抗値の大きい材料を適用する、請求項4~6のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記予備摺動工程において、互いに接合される前記被接合部材の間の接触抵抗を検知する接触抵抗検知部により接触抵抗を検知し、当該検知された接触抵抗が予め設定された閾値以下となった際に前記接合工程を開始する、請求項2に記載の接合方法。
- 互いに接合される前記接合面の間に、前記被接合部材の少なくとも一方よりも融点の低い導電性の中間材料を介在させる、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記中間材料は、部位により厚さの異なる膜状に形成されてなる、請求項9に記載の接合方法。
- 前記中間材料は、対向する前記接合面の間に加圧力を作用させた際の相対的に面圧の低い部位に対応する厚さが相対的に厚く形成された、請求項10に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合工程において、接合時間の経過に伴い、抵抗加熱による発熱量を減少させるとともに摺動による摩擦の発熱量を増加させる、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合工程において、前記被接合部材の対向する接合面の間に加圧力を作用させつつ相対的に摺動させて抵抗加熱し、接合時間の経過に伴い、前記接合面に作用する加圧力を増加させる、請求項12に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材における電流経路を調整する電流経路調整手段により電流経路を調整することで、前記接合面における接触抵抗を調整する、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合工程において、互いに接合される前記被接合部材の間の接触抵抗を検知する接触抵抗検知部により接触抵抗を検知し、当該接触抵抗が予め設定された閾値以下となった際に、前記接合工程を停止する、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合工程において、互いに接合される前記被接合部材の間の摩擦力を検知する摩擦力検知部により摩擦力を検知し、当該摩擦力が予め設定された閾値以上となった際に、前記接合工程を停止する、請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材の摺動は、往復運動により行われる、請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材の摺動は、公転運動により行われる、請求項1~16のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記抵抗加熱による前記被接合部材への総入熱量は、前記摺動により生じる摩擦加熱による前記被接合部材への総入熱量よりも大きい、請求項1~18のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 互いに接合される前記被接合部材は、互いに離間する非接触部が前記接合面に囲まれて形成される、請求項1~19のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合面は、前記被接合部材に接する電極よりも中心軸の延長線に対して外側に位置する、請求項20に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材への同極から電流入力経路を複数設け、前記被接合部材に電流を流す際に、同極の前記電流入力経路のうち少なくとも1つの電流入力経路における電流入力値を独立して調整する請求項1~21のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材に電流を流す際に、前記被接合部材へ電流を供給する同極の複数の電極の少なくとも1つの電流量を独立して調整することで、前記電流入力経路における電流入力値を調整する、請求項22に記載の接合方法。
- 前記同極の複数の電極のうち、前記接合面の重心からの距離が相対的に近い電極の電流量を、他の同極の電極の電流量よりも相対的に小さくするように調整する、請求項23に記載の接合方法。
- 前記同極の複数の電極のうち、前記接合面における接触面圧が相対的に高い部位からの距離が相対的に近い電極の電流量を、他の同極の電極の電流量よりも相対的に小さくするように調整する、請求項23に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合面における接触面圧を検出し、検出された当該接触面圧に基づいて前記電極の電流量を調整する、請求項24または25に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材に電流を流す際に、前記被接合部材へ電流を供給する電極の被接合部材に対する接触面圧を調整することで、前記電流入力経路における電流入力値を調整する、請求項22~26のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材へ電流を供給する同極の複数の電極のうち少なくとも1つの電極の接触対象に対する加圧力を独立して調整することで、前記電流入力経路における電流入力値を調整する、請求項27に記載の接合方法。
- 前記同極の複数の電極のうち、前記接合面の重心からの距離が相対的に近い電極の前記接触対象に対する加圧力を、他の同極の電極の電流量よりも相対的に小さくするように調整する、請求項28に記載の接合方法。
- 前記同極の複数の電極のうち、前記接合面における接触面圧が相対的に高い部位からの距離が相対的に近い電極の前記接触対象に対する加圧力を、他の同極の電極の加圧力よりも相対的に低くするように調整する、請求項28に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合面における接触面圧を検出し、検出された当該接触面圧に基づいて前記電極の加圧力を調整する、請求項29または30に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材の各々に電流を供給する各極の電極の接触対象に対する接触総面積を異ならせ、前記接触総面積が大きい極の電極から電流を供給される一方の被接合部材を摺動させる、請求項28~31のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 前記被接合部材を前記電極に対して軸力で締結する複数の締結部の締結軸力を個別に変更することで前記接合面における接触抵抗を調整する、請求項14または27に記載の接合方法。
- 前記締結部の締結軸力を、前記被接合部材に接する電極の中心軸から離れるにしたがって大きくする、請求項33に記載の接合方法。
- 前記接合面における相対的に面圧の高い位置の近傍に配置される前記締結部の締結軸力を、他の締結部の締結軸力よりも小さくする、請求項33に記載の接合方法。
- 前記締結部により、前記電極を構成する電極本体に前記被接合部材を締結し、電気的に接続される前記被接合部材と電極本体の間に導電性の部材を介在させる、請求項33~35のいずれか1項に記載の接合方法。
- 導電性を備えた一対の被接合部材を接合するための接合装置であって、
一対の前記被接合部材に電流を供給する電流入力部と、
前記電流入力部に電流を供給する電流供給手段と、
一対の前記被接合部材を、当該被接合部材の互いに接合される接合面を対向させて相対的に摺動させる摺動手段と、
一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱を行うように前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を制御する制御手段と、を有する接合装置。 - 前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱を行う前に、一対の前記被接合部材を抵抗加熱させずに相対的に摺動させる予備摺動を行うように前記摺動手段を制御する、請求項37に記載の接合装置。
- 対向する前記接合面の間に加圧力を作用させる加圧手段を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱させた後、前記加圧力を低減させて摺動を停止させることで前記接合面同士を位置決めするように前記加圧手段および摺動手段を制御する、請求項37または38に記載の接合装置。 - 一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動可能に保持する保持部材と、
前記保持部材に対する前記被接合部材の位置を規定する位置決め部材と、を有する請求項37~39のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。 - 前記位置決め部材は、前記被接合部材に形成される位置決め部に挿入可能であって前記保持部材から進退動可能な位置決め部材であり、
前記位置決め部材を進退動させる位置決め部材作動手段を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱を行う前に、前記位置決め部材作動手段を制御して前記位置決め部材を後退させて前記被接合部材の位置決め部から引き抜く、請求項40に記載の接合装置。 - 前記位置決め部材は、前記被接合部材に形成される位置決め部に挿入可能であって前記保持部材から進退動可能な位置決め部材であり、
前記位置決め部材を進退動させる位置決め部材作動手段を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱させた後、前記位置決め部材作動手段を制御して前記当該位置決め部材を前記被接合部材の位置決め部に挿入させる、請求項40または41に記載の接合装置。 - 前記位置決め部材は、前記被接合部材および前記保持部材よりも電気抵抗値の大きい材料により形成される、請求項40~42のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。
- 互いに接合される前記被接合部材の間の接触抵抗を検知する接触抵抗検知部を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給する前に一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させる予備摺動において、前記接触抵抗検知部により検知される接触抵抗が予め設定された閾値以下となった際に、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱を開始させる、請求項38に記載の接合装置。 - 前記被接合部材の対向する接合面の間に加圧力を作用させる加圧手段を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱を開始した後、時間の経過に伴い前記加圧手段の加圧力を増加させる、請求項37~44のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。 - 前記被接合部材における電流経路を変更する電流経路調整手段を有する、請求項37~45のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。
- 前記電流入力部は、前記被接合部材に電流を供給する電極であり、
前記電流経路調整手段は、前記被接合部材を前記電極に対して軸力によって締結する2つ以上の締結部である、請求項46に記載の接合装置。 - 互いに接合される前記被接合部材の間の接触抵抗を検知する接触抵抗検知部を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱させた後において、前記接触抵抗検知部により検知される接触抵抗が予め設定された閾値以下となった際に前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を停止させる、請求項37~47のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。 - 互いに接合される前記被接合部材の間の摩擦力を検知する摩擦力検知部を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を作動させて一対の前記被接合部材を相対的に摺動させつつ前記電流入力部に電流を供給して対向する前記接合面の間で抵抗加熱させた後において、前記摩擦力検知部により検知される摩擦力が予め設定された閾値以上となった際に前記電流供給手段および摺動手段を停止させる、請求項37~47のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。 - 前記摺動手段による摺動は、往復運動である、請求項37~49のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。
- 前記摺動手段による摺動は、公転運動である、請求項37~49のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。
- 前記被接合部材の対向する接合面の間に加圧力を作用させる加圧手段を有し、
前記制御手段は、前記抵抗加熱による前記被接合部材への総入熱量が、前記摺動により生じる摩擦加熱による前記被接合部材への総入熱量よりも大きくなるように前記電流供給手段、摺動手段および加圧手段の少なくとも1つを制御する、請求項37~51のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。 - 前記電流入力部は、前記被接合部材への複数の電流入力経路を規定し、該電流入力経路の少なくとも1つの電流量を調整可能である、請求項37~52のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。
- 前記電流入力部は、前記被接合部材に電流を供給する同極の複数の電極であり、
当該複数の電極の少なくとも1つの電流量を調整するための電流調整部を有する、請求項53に記載の接合装置。 - 前記電流入力部は、前記被接合部材に電流を供給する同極の複数の電極であり、
当該複数の電極の少なくとも1つの接触対象に対する加圧力を調整可能な加圧手段を有する、請求項53に記載の接合装置。 - 前記被接合部材における電流経路を変更する電流経路調整手段を有し、前記電流経路調整手段は、前記被接合部材を前記電極に対して軸力によって締結する2つ以上の締結部である、請求項53に記載の接合装置。
- 前記電極は、前記締結部により前記被接合部材に締結される電極本体と、電気的に接続される前記被接合部材と電極本体の間に介在される導電性の部材と、を有する、請求項56に記載の接合装置。
- 前記被接合部材の各々に電流を供給する各極の電極の接触対象に対する接触総面積が異なり、
前記摺動装置は、前記接触総面積が大きい極の電極から電流を供給される一方の被接合部材を摺動させる、請求項53~57のいずれか1項に記載の接合装置。
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JP2009000700A (ja) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 異種金属の接合方法及び接合構造 |
JP2010184260A (ja) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-08-26 | Nag System Co Ltd | アルミニウム箔の接合方法 |
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WO2013148386A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Method for resistance brazing |
EP2679328A1 (de) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-01 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Fügen von zwei Fügepartnern mittels einer Kombination eines elektrischen Widerstandsschweißens und eines Reibschweißens |
JP2014091151A (ja) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-19 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 多孔質複合金属体の製造方法及び製造装置 |
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RU2013103142A (ru) | 2014-07-27 |
CN102958638B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
RU2550677C2 (ru) | 2015-05-10 |
JP5799501B2 (ja) | 2015-10-28 |
US20130092662A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
JP2012024840A (ja) | 2012-02-09 |
CN102958638A (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
EP2586560A1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
MX2012015256A (es) | 2013-02-07 |
BR112012033273A2 (pt) | 2016-11-22 |
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