WO2011155101A1 - スパークプラグ - Google Patents
スパークプラグ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011155101A1 WO2011155101A1 PCT/JP2011/000612 JP2011000612W WO2011155101A1 WO 2011155101 A1 WO2011155101 A1 WO 2011155101A1 JP 2011000612 W JP2011000612 W JP 2011000612W WO 2011155101 A1 WO2011155101 A1 WO 2011155101A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tip
- noble metal
- metal tip
- ground electrode
- spark plug
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spark plug, and more particularly to a spark plug in which a noble metal tip is provided on at least one of a center electrode and a ground electrode.
- a spark plug used for ignition of an internal combustion engine such as an automobile engine is generally composed of a cylindrical metal shell, a cylindrical insulator disposed in an inner hole of the metal shell, and an inner end of the insulator.
- a spark plug is also known in which a tip formed of a noble metal alloy is provided on the tip surfaces of the center electrode and the ground electrode for the purpose of improving the spark wear resistance.
- Patent Document 1 describes a spark plug in which wear resistance is improved for a material in which Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd or the like is added to Pt.
- an electrode is provided for the purpose of providing an ignition plug that generates very little thermomechanical stress between the electrode section and the electrode base body and can be manufactured at low cost.
- a spark plug is described in which the electrode section is provided with an electrode section at one end section thereof, the electrode section having an alloy containing copper.
- spark plugs are known in which tips formed of various noble metal alloys are provided on the center electrode and / or the ground electrode.
- the tip made of any known noble metal alloy has advantages and disadvantages, and there has been no spark plug satisfying all the performances.
- a noble metal tip formed of a Pt—Rh alloy or a Pt—Ir alloy is particularly excellent in spark wear resistance, but the noble metal tip and the electrode base material in a high temperature environment and an environment with a thermal cycle in the combustion chamber It is inferior in peeling resistance and chip crack resistance.
- a noble metal tip formed of a Pt—Ni alloy is particularly excellent in peel resistance but inferior in spark wear resistance. *
- An object of the present invention is to provide a spark plug including a noble metal tip having desired durability. Specifically, it is an object to provide a spark plug including a noble metal tip that is excellent in wear resistance, peel resistance, and tip crack resistance.
- Means for solving the problems includes (I) a center electrode and a ground electrode provided with a gap between the center electrode, and a noble metal tip is provided on at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode.
- the noble metal tip is Mp (Mp is an element group consisting of Pt or Pt and Pd, and Pd is 20% by mass or less based on the mass of the noble metal tip), Cu, and M.
- M is at least one selected from the element group consisting of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W.
- Mp, Cu, M are points D (95, 5, 0), E (94.5, 5, 0.5), F (87, 5, 8), G (80, 12, 8), H (79.5, 20). , 0.5), I (80, 20, 0), and D (95, 5, 0) in this order (within the line). Spark plug, wherein the door. *
- the noble metal tip has a mass ratio (Mp, Cu, M) of each point E (94.5, 5, 0.5), F (87, 5, 8), G (80 , 12, 8), H (79.5, 20, 0.5), E (94.5, 5, 0.5) in the region (including the line) surrounded by the line segment connecting in this order, (III ) Including an insulator having a shaft hole; a center electrode disposed in the shaft hole; and a ground electrode provided with a gap between the center electrode and at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode
- a spark plug provided with a noble metal tip, a welding area S (mm 2 ), a tip protruding dimension H (mm), a cover dimension L (mm), and a tip / welded distance h (mm) described below.
- the welding area S is determined by the noble metal tip being the center electrode and / or the grounding.
- the noble metal tip is provided with the noble metal tip and the installation metal body (however, the installation metal body is provided between the center electrode, the ground electrode, or between these electrodes and the noble metal tip.
- the direction perpendicular to the joint surface of the installation metal body joined through a welded portion formed by melting the base metal) and the observed direction from the X direction The area S of the region where the projection areas overlap when the installation metal body and the noble metal tip are projected onto the plane orthogonal to the X direction (however, the noble metal tip is bonded to the installation metal body at a plurality of surfaces of the installation metal body) If The direction perpendicular to each surface is defined as the Y direction, and the total area of the overlapping regions in each Y direction is defined as S.
- the chip protruding dimension H is the noble metal tip and the opposing metal convex body (however, the opposing metal
- the convex body is a direction in which the noble metal tip, the central electrode convex portion formed by projecting the front end portion of the central electrode, or the ground electrode convex portion formed by projecting the front end portion of the ground electrode is opposed to each other.
- the distance between the tip surface of the noble metal tip furthest from the joint surface of the installation metal body is provided on the entire surface between the installation metal body and the noble metal tip).
- the distance from the point where the thickness of the welded portion in the axis PX direction of the noble metal tip is 1 ⁇ 2 of the thickness at the thinnest part to the surface of the noble metal tip furthest away in the axis PX direction.
- the cover dimension L and the tip / weld portion distance h when the direction in which the shaft hole extends is the direction of the axis AX of the center electrode, (1) the noble metal tip and the opposing metal convex body Is arranged so as to face the axis AX direction, and the noble metal tip does not protrude from the installation metal body in a direction orthogonal to the axis AX, the fogging dimension L is observed from the axis AX direction.
- the noble metal tip is provided on the ground electrode so as to protrude from the ground electrode in a direction perpendicular to the axis AX, and is opposed to the boundary with the welded portion.
- the fogging dimension L is observed from the axis AX direction, and the tip of the counter metal convex body
- the point k3 on the projection plane when the plane is projected onto the virtual plane perpendicular to the axis AX direction, the outline of the projection plane when the ground electrode is projected onto the virtual plane, and the noble metal tip to the virtual plane The shortest distance from the intersection k4 generated by the intersection of the contour lines of the projection surface when projected, and (i) the tip / weld portion distance h of the noble metal tip is equal to the noble metal tip.
- the distance from the tip of the noble metal tip to the boundary with the welded portion in a plane including the point k4 and parallel to the axis AX, and (ii) the noble metal tip provided with the opposed metal protrusion on the center electrode is from the tip of the noble metal tip provided on the center electrode on the plane including the point k3 and parallel to the axis AX to the welded portion. Is the distance in the axis AX direction to the boundary.
- an insulator having a shaft hole, a center electrode disposed in the shaft hole, and a ground electrode provided with a gap between the center electrode
- a spark plug in which at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode is provided with a noble metal tip, wherein the noble metal tip is Mp (Mp is an element group consisting of Pt or Pt and Pd, and Pd is a noble metal 20% by mass or less with respect to the mass of the chip.), Cu, and M (M is at least one selected from the element group consisting of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W) in total.
- the welding area S (mm 2 ), the tip protruding dimension H (mm), the cover dimension L (mm), and the tip / welded portion distance h (mm) described in (III) are as follows.
- the preferred embodiments of (I) and (IV) are characterized in that (V) the Mp is an element group consisting of Pt and Pd, and (VI) the noble metal tip is made of Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn Element group A and / or at least one selected from element group B consisting of Ti, Hf, Y, and rare earth elements, and the total mass of element group A is 5% by mass or less, The total mass of the element group B is 1.5 mass% or less, and the total mass of the element group A and the element group B is 5 mass% or less.
- the M is (VIII)
- the noble metal tip has a hardness of 140 Hv or more
- (VIIII) the noble metal tip has a hardness of 200 Hv or more
- the center electrode was formed in the axial direction of the insulator Fixed in the hole so as to be exposed from one end thereof, and the terminal fitting is fixed so as to be exposed from the other end portion in the shaft hole, and has a resistance between the center electrode and the terminal fitting in the shaft hole.
- the noble metal tip is provided only on the ground electrode.
- the resistance value of the resistor is 10 k ⁇ or less.
- the noble metal tip provided on at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode contains 95% by mass or more of Mp, Cu, M in total, and the mass ratio of Mp, Cu, M Therefore, it is possible to provide a spark plug provided with a noble metal tip having excellent durability, in particular, wear resistance, peeling resistance, and tip crack resistance.
- the noble metal tip provided on at least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode contains 95% by mass or more of Mp, Cu, M in total, and the mass ratio of Mp, Cu, M Since the noble metal tip has a specific dimension, the noble metal tip has excellent durability, particularly excellent wear resistance, peel resistance, and chip crack resistance.
- a spark plug can be provided.
- the noble metal tip further contains a specific amount of at least one selected from element group A consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn and / or element group B consisting of Ti, Hf, Y, and a rare earth element. Then, it is possible to provide a spark plug that is further excellent in at least one of peel resistance and chip crack resistance.
- the hardness of the noble metal tip is a specific value or more, it is further excellent in impact resistance, and even if it receives an impact in contact with a jig during the manufacturing process, deformation of the noble metal tip can be suppressed. . *
- the spark plug having a resistance value of 10 k ⁇ or less is provided with the noble metal tip having excellent wear resistance even when the energy given to the spark discharge gap during the spark discharge increases. The performance of the spark plug can be maintained.
- the noble metal tip is provided on a ground electrode that is hotter than the center electrode and is in a harsh environment.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory view for explaining a spark plug which is an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1A is a part of the spark plug which is an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is an overall cross-sectional explanatory view, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a main part of a spark plug which is an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a ternary composition diagram showing the mass ratio of Mp, Cu, M of the noble metal tip provided in the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a position for measuring the hardness of the noble metal tip provided in the spark plug.
- FIG. 1A is a part of the spark plug which is an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1B is an overall cross-sectional explanatory view, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a main part of
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X of FIG.
- Fig.5 (a) is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the ignition part of the spark plug which is another Example of the spark plug based on this invention.
- FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X2 of FIG.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X3 of FIG.
- FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7B is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X4 of FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8B1 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction Y1 of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 8B2 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction Y2 of FIG.
- FIG. 8B3 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction Y3 of FIG.
- FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X6 of FIG.
- FIG. 9C is an explanatory diagram for explaining the chip cross-sectional area A of the ground electrode chip.
- FIG. 10 is a ternary composition diagram showing the mass ratio of Mp, Cu, M of the noble metal tip provided in the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 11A to 11D are explanatory views for explaining an outline of a test for evaluating the peel resistance of the noble metal tip provided in the spark plug.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining an outline of a test for evaluating the impact resistance of the noble metal tip provided in the spark plug.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the evaluation results of the durability test when the tip protruding dimension H and the welding area S are changed.
- a spark plug according to the present invention has a center electrode and a ground electrode, and is arranged such that one end of the center electrode and one end of the ground electrode are opposed to each other with a gap therebetween. And a noble metal tip is provided on at least one of the ground electrode.
- the spark plug according to the present invention is a spark plug having such a configuration, other configurations are not particularly limited, and various known configurations can be adopted. *
- FIG. 1 shows a spark plug as an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view of a spark plug 1 which is an embodiment of a spark plug according to the present invention
- FIG. 1 (b) is a spark which is an embodiment of a spark plug according to the present invention.
- 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing the main part of the plug 1.
- the axis of the center electrode is AX
- the lower side of the paper is defined as the tip end direction of the axis AX
- the upper side of the paper is defined as the rear end direction of the axis AX. *
- the spark plug 1 includes a cylindrical metal shell 2, a substantially cylindrical insulator 3 provided in the metal shell 2, and the insulator 3.
- the center electrode 4, the resistor 5, and the terminal fitting 6, which are housed in the shaft hole 20 in that order from the tip direction, are arranged so that one end faces the tip surface of the center electrode 4 with a gap and the other end Is provided with a ground electrode 7 joined to the end face of the metal shell 2, and a noble metal tip is provided on a surface of the tip of the ground electrode 7 facing the center electrode (hereinafter, the noble metal tip provided on the ground electrode is referred to as a noble metal tip).
- the noble metal tip is provided on the tip surface of the center electrode 4 (hereinafter, the noble metal tip provided on the center electrode may be referred to as the center electrode tip 9).
- Ground electrode tip 8 and center The spark discharge gap G is formed between the pole tip 9. *
- the metal shell 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is formed so as to hold the insulator 3 by incorporating the insulator 3 therein.
- a threaded portion 10 is formed on the outer peripheral surface in the front end direction of the metal shell 2, and the spark plug 1 is attached to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine (not shown) using the threaded portion 10.
- the metal shell 2 can be formed of a conductive steel material, for example, low carbon steel. *
- the insulator 3 is held on the inner periphery of the metal shell 2 via a talc 11 or a packing 12, and the center electrode 4, the resistor 5, and the terminal metal fitting in the shaft hole 20 of the insulator 3. 6 is held.
- the insulator 3 is fixed to the metal shell 2 with the end of the insulator 3 in the distal direction protruding from the tip surface of the metal shell 2.
- the insulator 3 is desirably a material having mechanical strength, thermal strength, electrical strength, and the like. Examples of such a material include a ceramic sintered body mainly composed of alumina. *
- the center electrode 4 is formed by an outer member 13 and an inner member 14 formed so as to be concentrically embedded in an axial center portion inside the outer member 13.
- the center electrode 4 is fixed in the shaft hole 20 of the insulator 3 with its tip portion protruding from the tip surface of the insulator 3, and is insulated and held with respect to the metal shell 2.
- the outer member 13 is desirably formed of a material having thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, and the like, and is formed of, for example, a Ni-based alloy such as Inconel (trade name).
- the inner material 14 can be formed of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity such as Cu or Ag. *
- the ground electrode 7 is formed in, for example, a substantially prismatic body, one end is joined to the end surface of the metal shell 2, is bent into a substantially L shape in the middle, and the tip is in the direction of the axis AX of the center electrode 4. Its shape and structure are designed to be located. By designing the ground electrode 7 in this way, one end of the ground electrode 7 is disposed so as to face the center electrode 4 with a gap.
- the ground electrode 7 is formed of the same material as that for forming the center electrode 4. *
- the terminal fitting 6 is fixed in the shaft hole 20 of the insulator 3 with its front end protruding from the rear end face of the insulator 3, and is insulated and held with respect to the metal shell 2.
- the terminal fitting 6 is made of, for example, low carbon, and a Ni metal layer is formed on the surface thereof by plating or the like. *
- the resistor 5 is fixed between the center electrode 4 and the terminal fitting 6 in the shaft hole 20 of the insulator 3.
- the resistor 5 can be formed of a mixture of glass powder, ceramic powder, non-metallic conductive powder, and / or metal powder.
- the resistance value of the resistor 5 is usually 15 k ⁇ or less. However, when the resistance value is 10 k ⁇ or less, the energy given to the spark discharge gap G is increased particularly during the spark discharge, so that the spark consumption becomes remarkable. Therefore, when the resistance value of the resistor 5 is 10 k ⁇ or less, the effect of the noble metal chip formed of the following chip material is further exhibited. *
- the ground electrode tip 8 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and is provided at the tip of the ground electrode 7 so as to face the center electrode tip 9 provided on the tip surface of the center electrode 4.
- the ground electrode chip 8 may be formed of a chip material to be described later or a known material other than the chip material. However, since the ground electrode chip 8 is usually exposed to a higher temperature than the center electrode chip 9, the ground electrode chip 8 is preferably formed of a chip material to be described later. *
- the center electrode tip 9 has a cylindrical shape, for example, and is provided on the front end surface of the center electrode 4.
- the center electrode tip 9 is formed of a later-described tip material or a known material other than this tip material.
- the ground electrode tip 8 and the center electrode tip 9 are arranged to face each other with a gap, and this gap is a spark discharge gap G.
- the spark plug 1 according to the present invention is only required to have the noble metal tips 8 and 9 provided on at least one of the center electrode 4 and the ground electrode 7. For example, when the noble metal tip 8 is provided only on the ground electrode 7.
- the gap between the center electrode 4 and the ground electrode tip 8 is a spark discharge gap. This spark discharge gap is normally set to 0.3 to 1.5 mm. *
- At least one of the ground electrode chip 8 and the center electrode chip 9 is formed of the following chip material, and preferably, the ground electrode chip 8 reaching a higher temperature is formed of the following chip material.
- the chip material forming these noble metal tips is Mp (Mp is an element group consisting of Pt or Pt and Pd, and Pd is 20% by mass or less based on the mass of the noble metal tip), Cu, And M (M is at least one selected from the element group consisting of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W) in a total of 95% by mass or more, and the mass ratio of Mp, Cu, and M (Mp, Cu, M) are points D (95, 5, 0), E (94.5, 5, 0.5), F (87, 5, 8), G (80, 12, 8), H (79.5, 20, 0.5), I (80, 20, 0), and D (95, 5, 0) are in a region (including the line) surrounded by line segments connecting in this order. . *
- the content ratio of Mp, Cu, and M in the chip material is 95% by mass or more, and the mass ratio of the three components (Mp, Cu, M in the ternary composition diagram of Mp, Cu, M shown in FIG. 2) ) Within the region (including the line) surrounded by the line segment connecting the points D, E, F, G, H, I, and D in this order, wear resistance, peeling resistance, and chip resistance It is possible to provide a spark plug including a noble metal tip excellent in cracking property. *
- the chip material has three component mass ratios (Mp, Cu, M) in the ternary composition diagram at points E (94.5, 5, 0.5), F (87, 5, 8), G ( 80, 12, 8), H (79.5, 20, 0.5), and E (94.5, 5, 0.5) in the region surrounded by the line segment connecting in this order (including on the line). It is preferable that it exists in. *
- the chip material has a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the Ni-based alloy used for the electrode material forming the center electrode and the ground electrode and the chip material because Cu is 5 mass% or more in the ternary composition diagram. Therefore, it is excellent in peeling resistance compared to Pt—Rh alloy and Pt—Ir alloy. In addition, it is possible to suppress the lowering of the melting point more than the Pt—Ni alloy known as a material effective for improving the peel resistance, and it is excellent not only in the peel resistance but also in the spark wear resistance. Furthermore, compared to Pt—Rh alloys, which tend to have a larger grain size, this tip material does not have a larger grain size and can suppress internal oxidation compared to Pt—Ir alloys. Excellent. *
- the above effect cannot be obtained. If Cu exceeds 25% by mass in the ternary composition diagram, Cu that easily oxidizes increases, so that the oxidation resistance decreases, and internal oxidation occurs at the grain boundaries, and chip cracking and chip peeling may occur. . Furthermore, due to these reasons, there is a possibility that the thermal conductivity is lowered and the wear resistance is adversely affected.
- the chip material contains M
- M has a high melting point, and thus becomes a chip material having excellent spark resistance.
- the crystal grain size becomes fine, it is possible to suppress the drop of crystal grains due to cracks in the chip.
- it becomes high strength it is possible to suppress deformation of the noble metal tip even if it comes into contact with the jig during the manufacturing process and receives an impact, so that the impact resistance is also excellent.
- M is 8% by mass or less in the ternary composition diagram.
- M is at least one selected from the element group consisting of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W.
- Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W all have a high melting point, are difficult to sputter, and when used together with Pt, the strength is improved and the crystal grains can be made fine, so at least one selected from these element groups Is within the range shown in the three-component composition diagram, it is possible to provide a spark plug including a noble metal tip having excellent peel resistance, wear resistance, and tip crack resistance.
- Rh is particularly preferable because it oxidizes itself to form a dense oxide film and can suppress further oxidation. *
- Mp is an element group consisting of Pt or Pt and Pd, and Pd is 20% by mass or less based on the mass of the noble metal tip.
- Pt is excellent as a main component of the chip material because it is excellent in oxidation resistance, spark consumption and processability. Further, Pd not only has excellent oxidation resistance like Pt but also has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than Pt, and therefore it is advantageous in terms of peel resistance to contain a specific amount of Pd. Therefore, when Pd is 20% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the noble metal tip made of the tip material, it is possible to provide a spark plug including the noble metal tip having further excellent peeling resistance. However, if Pd exceeds 20% by mass, the melting point of the chip material is lowered and the wear resistance is lowered. *
- the chip material includes at least one element selected from the element group A consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn and / or the element group B consisting of Ti, Hf, Y, and a rare earth element.
- the total mass is 5% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the noble metal tip made of the chip material, and the total mass of the element group B is 1.5% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the noble metal tip made of the chip material.
- the total mass of the said element group A and the said element group B is less than 5 mass% with respect to the total mass of the noble metal chip
- the peeling resistance and the chip cracking resistance are further improved. Since the element group A has a large coefficient of thermal expansion, the difference from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the electrode material becomes small, the generation of thermal stress can be suppressed, and the crystal grains become fine, which is effective for chip crack resistance.
- the total mass of the element group B in the chip material exceeds 0% by mass and is 1.5% by mass or less, particularly 0.01% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, the crystal grains become fine, and thus chip crack resistance is excellent. . *
- the total mass of the element group A and the element group B is preferably 5% by mass or less with respect to the noble metal tip.
- This chip material has a total of 95% by mass or more of Mp, Cu, and M, and optionally, an element group A composed of Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn, and an element group composed of Ti, Hf, Y, and a rare earth element B is substantially contained.
- These components are contained so that the total of these components and inevitable impurities is 100% by mass within the range of the content of each component described above.
- Components other than the above components for example, Ag, B, Ca, Al, Si, and Mg may be contained as trace amounts of inevitable impurities.
- the content of these inevitable impurities is preferably small, but may be contained within a range where the object of the present invention can be achieved, and when the total mass of the above-mentioned components is 100 parts by mass,
- the ratio of the one type of inevitable impurities is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less, and the total ratio of all types of inevitable impurities contained is preferably 0.2 parts by mass or less.
- each component contained in the noble metal tip formed of this tip material can be measured as follows. That is, first, the noble metal tips 8 and 9 are cut to expose the cross section, and a plurality of arbitrary locations (for example, five locations) are selected in the cross section of the noble metal tips 8 and 9, and WDS (Wavelength Dispersive) is utilized using EPMA. X-ray (Spectrometer) analysis is performed to measure the mass composition at each location. Next, the average value of the measured values at a plurality of locations is calculated, and this average value is used as the composition of the noble metal tip. In addition, the welding part 15 formed when melt
- this chip material is manufactured by a method described later by mixing predetermined raw materials at a predetermined mixing ratio.
- the composition of the manufactured chip material is almost the same as the composition of the raw material. Therefore, the content of each component contained in the chip material can be calculated from the blending ratio of the raw materials as a simple method.
- the hardness of the noble metal tip formed of the tip material is preferably 140 Hv or more, and particularly preferably 200 Hv or more.
- the hardness of the noble metal tip is measured as follows. As shown in FIG. 3, at the center of the surface of the noble metal tips 8 and 9 opposite to the surface joined to the center electrode 4 or the ground electrode 7, a micro Vickers hardness tester is used for JIS under a 1N load condition. In accordance with Z 2244, the micro Vickers hardness is measured. *
- the hardness of the noble metal tip is the composition of the tip material, the processing conditions when manufacturing the noble metal tip, the heat treatment temperature and time before and after this processing, the thermal load and resistance welding when welding the noble metal tip to the ground electrode and the center electrode.
- the spark plug according to the present invention is not only formed of the tip material, but also includes a noble metal tip having the following dimensions, thereby providing a spark having a noble metal tip that is more excellent in wear resistance, tip crack resistance and peel resistance. Plug can be provided.
- the welding area S (mm 2 ), the tip protruding dimension H (mm), the cover dimension L (mm), and the tip / welded distance h (mm) specified below satisfy the following conditions. preferable.
- the noble metal tip preferably has a tip cross-sectional area A (mm 2 ) defined below satisfying (d) 0.2 ⁇ A ⁇ 1.8.
- the weld area S, the cover dimension L, and the tip / weld portion distance h in the noble metal tip satisfy the relationship of (b) S ⁇ 5 and (c) 0.1 ⁇ h or 0.03 ⁇ L, It is possible to provide a spark plug having a noble metal tip that is more excellent in peel resistance. If the welding area S is large, a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the tip material that forms the noble metal tip and the electrode material that forms the electrode causes a high thermal stress particularly on the outer periphery of the noble metal tip. Becomes easy to peel from the electrode. Therefore, the welding area S is preferably 5 or less.
- the electrode is discharged to a portion near the outer periphery of the noble metal tip and / or the weld. It becomes easy. Since the melting point of the electrode and the welded portion is lower than that of the noble metal tip, the electrode and the welded portion are easily consumed, and the peeling resistance is lowered due to the interface between the noble metal tip, the electrode and the welded portion being broken. Further, the wear of the electrode and the welded portion substantially reduces the welded area S, thereby adversely affecting the wear resistance. Therefore, it is preferable that the tip / weld portion distance h is 0.1 or more, or the fogging dimension L is 0.03 or more. *
- the tip cross-sectional area A of the noble metal tip is preferably (d) 0.2 ⁇ A ⁇ 1.8.
- the wear resistance is further improved.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is an embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X of FIG. Assuming that the welding area of the ground electrode tip 8 of the spark plug 1 of this embodiment is S g1 , the welding area S g1 corresponds to the ground electrode tip 8 and the ground electrode 7 and the ground electrode 7 (also referred to as an installation metal body).
- the area of the region where the projection region P g1 when the ground electrode 7 is projected onto the surface orthogonal to the X direction and the projection region P t1 when the ground electrode chip 8 is projected onto the surface orthogonal to the X direction overlaps. It is.
- the welding area S c1 of the center electrode tip 9 is also defined in the same manner as the welding area S g1 of the ground electrode tip 8.
- the welding area S g1 is photographed from the upper X direction of the ground electrode 7, and the area of the portion surrounded by the boundary line 17 between the ground electrode tip 8 and the welded portion 15 is measured using image analysis software (for example, Photoshop). To calculate.
- image analysis software for example, Photoshop. To calculate.
- the weld area Sc1 is also It can be obtained in the same way.
- a chip out dimension H g1 shall be referred to as the ground electrode tip 8 and the center electrode tip 9 (facing convex metal body Is the distance from the front end surface of the ground electrode tip 8 farthest from the joint surface 16 of the ground electrode 7 in the opposite direction.
- the tip extension dimension H c1 of the center electrode tip 9 is also defined in the same manner as the tip extension dimension H g1 of the ground electrode tip 8.
- the spark plug 1 of this embodiment when the shaft hole 20 of the insulator 3 is the axis AX direction of the center electrode 4 to the direction of stretching, the spark plug 1 of this embodiment, the ground Since the electrode tip 8 and the center electrode tip 9 are arranged so as to face each other in the direction of the axis AX, and the ground electrode tip 8 does not protrude from the ground electrode 7 in the direction perpendicular to the axis AX, It is prescribed as follows.
- the head dimension L 1 is said observed from the axis AX direction, the ground electrode and the axial straight lines parallel to the AX l g1 including the point k1 on the maximum diameter to become the peripheral sides of the chip 8 and the center electrode tip 9
- the tip / weld portion distance h g1 in the ground electrode tip 8 of the spark plug 1 of this embodiment is defined as the tip / weld portion distance h g1
- the tip / weld portion distance h g1 This is the distance in the axis AX direction from the tip of the ground electrode tip 8 to the boundary with the welded portion 15 in a plane including k1 and parallel to the axis AX.
- the tip / weld portion distance h c1 of the center electrode tip 9 is also defined in the same manner as the tip / weld portion distance h g1 of the ground electrode tip 8.
- the chip cross-sectional area of the ground electrode chip 8 of the spark plug 1 of this embodiment is the chip cross-sectional area A g1 and the chip cross-sectional area of the center electrode chip 9 is the chip cross-sectional area A c1 , as shown in FIG. 8 and both the center electrode tip 9 has a cylindrical body, the distal end surface of the ground electrode tip 8 and the center electrode tip 9 is a plane, so these front end surface are parallel to each other, the chip sectional area a g1 and tip cross-sectional
- the area Ac1 is the area of the tip surface of each of the ground electrode tip 8 and the center electrode tip 9. Even if these tip surfaces are not strictly parallel to each other due to manufacturing errors, the chip cross-sectional area may be the area of the tip surface of each noble metal tip.
- the present invention can be used in a severe environment such as an internal combustion engine with a supercharger or an internal combustion engine using a high energy coil. Even if the spark plug is used, since the precious metal tip having excellent wear resistance, tip crack resistance and peel resistance is provided, the desired performance can be maintained.
- the spark plug 1 is manufactured, for example, as follows. First, for the noble metal tips 8 and 9, a melted material obtained by blending and melting a chip material in which the content of each component is in the above-described range is processed into a plate material by, for example, hot rolling, and the plate material is hot punched. A method of forming by punching into a predetermined chip shape by processing, after processing the alloy into a linear or rod-shaped material by hot rolling, hot casting or hot wire drawing, then cutting this into a predetermined length in the length direction For example, a method for forming the film can be employed. *
- the center electrode 4 and / or the ground electrode 7 is prepared by, for example, preparing a molten alloy having a desired composition using a vacuum melting furnace, and preparing ingots from the respective melts by vacuum casting.
- the center electrode 4 and / or the ground electrode 7 can be manufactured by appropriately adjusting to a predetermined shape and a predetermined dimension by hot working, drawing, or the like. It is also possible to insert the inner member 14 into the outer member 13 formed in a cup shape and form the center electrode 4 by plastic processing such as extrusion. Further, when the ground electrode 7 is formed by an outer layer and a shaft portion provided so as to be embedded in the shaft center portion of this outer layer (not shown), the outer electrode is formed in a cup shape. After the shaft portion is inserted and plastic processing such as extrusion is performed, the ground electrode 7 can be formed by plastic processing into a substantially prismatic shape. *
- one end of the ground electrode 7 is joined to the end face of the metal shell 2 formed into a predetermined shape by plastic working or the like by electric resistance welding or laser welding.
- Zn plating or Ni plating is applied to the metal shell to which the ground electrode is bonded.
- Trivalent chromate treatment may be performed after Zn plating or Ni plating.
- the noble metal tips 8 and 9 produced as described above are fused and fixed to the ground electrode 7 and the center electrode 4 by resistance welding and / or laser welding or the like.
- the noble metal tips 8 and 9 are placed at predetermined positions on the ground electrode 7 and / or the center electrode 4 and pushed. Apply resistance welding while applying.
- the noble metal tips 8 and 9 are joined to the ground electrode 7 and / or the center electrode 4 by laser welding, for example, the noble metal tips 8 and 9 are installed at predetermined positions of the ground electrode 7 and / or the center electrode 4 and A laser beam is irradiated partially or entirely around the contact portion between the noble metal tips 8 and 9 and the ground electrode 7 and / or the center electrode 4 from obliquely above the tip 8. Laser welding may be performed after resistance welding. *
- the insulator 3 is produced by firing ceramic or the like into a predetermined shape, and the center electrode 4 having the noble metal tip 9 bonded thereto is inserted into the shaft hole 20 of the insulator 3 to form a glass seal.
- the glass powder, the resistor composition forming the resistor 5, and the glass powder are filled in this order in the shaft hole 20 while being pre-compressed.
- the resistor composition and the glass powder are compressed and heated while the metal terminal 6 is press-fitted from the end in the shaft hole 20.
- the resistor composition and the glass powder are sintered to form the resistor 5 and the glass seal layer.
- the insulator 3 to which the center electrode 4 and the like are fixed is assembled to the metal shell 2 to which the ground electrode 7 is joined.
- the tip of the ground electrode 7 is bent toward the center electrode 4, and the spark plug 1 is manufactured such that one end of the ground electrode 7 faces the tip of the center electrode 4.
- FIG. 5 shows a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 (a) is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X2 of FIG. *
- the ground electrode tip 208 is joined to the joint surface 216 of the ground electrode 208 by resistance welding.
- an extremely small volume weld portion 215 welding sag
- the center electrode tip is not provided on the tip surface of the center electrode 204, and the tip of the center electrode 204 protrudes in a convex shape.
- the spark plug 1 has the same configuration as that of the spark plug 1 shown in FIG. 4 except that the center electrode convex portion 222 (also referred to as a counter metal convex body) is provided. *
- the welding area S g2 , the tip protruding dimension H g2 , the fogging dimension L 2 , the tip / welded portion distance h g2 , and the tip cross-sectional area A g2 of the ground electrode tip 208 of the spark plug 201 of this embodiment are the spark plug 1.
- the center electrode 204 is not provided with the noble metal tip 209, the welding area , tip protrusion size, tip / welded distance, and tip cross-sectional area of the center electrode 204 are not defined.
- FIG. 6 shows a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X3 of FIG. *
- a base 318 is provided on the surface of the ground electrode 307 facing the center electrode 304, and welding is performed on the surface of the base 318 opposite to the surface joined to the ground electrode 307.
- the ground electrode tip 308 is provided via the portion 315, and the ground electrode tip 308 and the base 318 are not in contact with each other, and the welded portion 315 is provided on the entire surface between the ground electrode tip 308 and the base 318.
- the tip protruding dimension H c3 , the tip / weld portion distance h c3 , and the tip cross-sectional area A c3 are defined in the same manner as the spark plug 1.
- the tip protruding dimension Hg3 of the ground electrode tip 308 of the spark plug 301 of this embodiment since the welded portion 315 is provided on the entire surface between the ground electrode tip 308 and the base 318, the ground electrode tip 308 and the base are provided. There is no surface that is in direct contact with 318 and joined. Therefore, the tip protruding dimension H g3 is the distance of the ground electrode tip 308 farthest away in the axis PX direction from the point where the thickness of the welded portion 315 in the axis PX3 direction of the ground electrode tip 308 is 1 ⁇ 2 of the thickness at the thinnest part. The distance to the tip surface.
- FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7B is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X4 of FIG. *
- a base 418 is provided on the surface of the ground electrode 407 facing the center electrode 404, and the surface of the base 418 is welded to the surface opposite to the surface joined to the ground electrode 407.
- the ground electrode tip 408 is provided via the portion 415, and the ground electrode tip 408 and the base 418 are partially in contact with each other without going through the welded portion 415, and is similar to the spark plug 301 shown in FIG. It has a configuration. *
- the tip protruding dimension H c4 , the tip / weld portion distance h c4 , and the tip cross-sectional area A c4 are defined in the same manner as the spark plug 1.
- the tip protruding dimension Hg4 of the ground electrode tip 408 of the spark plug 401 of this embodiment is a case where the welded portion 315 is not provided on the entire surface between the ground electrode tip 408 and the base 418, and the tip protruding dimension H g4 is the distance between the ground electrode tip 408 and the surface of the ground electrode tip 408 farthest from the joint surface 416 in contact with the ground electrode tip 408 in the base 418 in the direction in which the ground electrode tip 408 and the center electrode tip 404 face each other. .
- FIG. 8 shows a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 8B1 to 8B3 show projection areas when the center electrode tip, the ground electrode tip and / or the ground electrode are projected onto the planes orthogonal to the observation directions Y 1 to Y 3 in FIG. 8A.
- the ground electrode chip 508 is a prismatic body, and a part of the prismatic body is fitted into a notch 519 provided so as to open on the front end surface and the peripheral side surface of the ground electrode 507.
- the four surfaces of the six surfaces of the prismatic body and the four surfaces of the notches 519 are joined, and the ground electrode tip 508 protrudes from the ground electrode 507 in a direction perpendicular to the axis AX5 of the center electrode 504.
- the spark plug 1 has the same configuration as that of the spark plug 1 shown in FIG.
- the spark plug 501 of this embodiment is formed on the ground electrode 507 by pressing the ground electrode chip 508 against the ground electrode 507 when the ground electrode chip 508 is melt bonded to the flat surface of the ground electrode 507.
- a mode in which the ground electrode chip 508 is formed to be fitted in the recess is also included. Therefore, the notch 519 includes a case where the notch 519 is formed on the ground electrode 507 in advance before the ground electrode tip 508 is fitted, and a case where the notch 519 is formed when the melt bonding is performed.
- the welding area S c5 the tip protruding dimension H c5 , the tip / welded portion distance h c5 , and the tip cross-sectional area A c5 of the center electrode tip 509 of the spark plug 501 of this embodiment are defined in the same manner as the spark plug 1.
- the welding area S g5 of the ground electrode tip 508 of the spark plug 501 of this embodiment is such that four of the six surfaces of the prismatic ground electrode tip 508 are four surfaces of the notch 519 of the ground electrode 507.
- the directions perpendicular to the four surfaces are the Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 directions, and are observed from the Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 directions.
- the ground electrode 507 and the ground electrode chip 508 are projected onto a plane orthogonal to the Y 1 , Y 2 , Y 3 , and Y 4 directions, the projection regions P g51 , P g52 , P g53 , P of the ground electrode 507 are projected.
- the tip protruding dimension Hg5 is the distance between the tip surface of the ground electrode tip 508 farthest from the bonding surface 516 of the ground electrode 507 in the direction in which the ground electrode tip 508 and the center electrode tip 509 face each other.
- the bonding surface 516 is a surface of the ground electrode 507 in a direction in which the ground electrode tip 508 and the center electrode tip 509 face each other, and is a surface other than the portion where the notch 519 is provided.
- the ground electrode tip 508 is provided on the ground electrode 507 so as to protrude in a direction perpendicular from the ground electrode 507 to the axis AX5, the center electrode tip 509 Since the tip surface of the electrode and the ground electrode tip 508 are arranged so as to face each other in the direction of the axis AX5, they are defined as follows. That is, the head dimension L 5 represents, as shown in FIG.
- the tip / weld portion distance h g5 in the ground electrode tip 508 is the distance from the tip of the ground electrode tip 508 to the boundary with the welded portion in the plane including the point k41 and parallel to the axis AX5 in the ground electrode tip 508. is there.
- the tip / weld portion distance h c5 in the center electrode tip 509 is the direction of the axis AX5 from the tip of the center electrode tip 509 in the plane including the point k3 and parallel to the axis AX5 to the boundary with the weld 521 in the center electrode 504. Is the distance.
- the chip cross-sectional area Ag5 in the ground electrode chip 508 since the ground electrode chip 508 is a prismatic body and all of the six surfaces are flat, the chip cross-sectional area Ag5 is the center electrode chip 509 in the ground electrode chip 508. Is the area of the surface facing the surface.
- FIG. 9 shows a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an ignition portion of a spark plug which is another embodiment of the spark plug according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the ground electrode when the ground electrode is observed from the observation direction X6 of FIG.
- FIG. 9C is an explanatory diagram for explaining the chip cross-sectional area Ag6 of the ground electrode chip.
- the spark plug 601 of this embodiment is the same as the spark plug 1 shown in FIG. 4 except that the ground electrode tip 608 has a hemispherical shape. *
- the tip protruding dimension H c6 , the tip / weld portion distance h c6 , and the tip cross-sectional area A c6 are defined in the same manner as the spark plug 1.
- the tip cross-sectional area Ag6 of the ground electrode tip 608 of the spark plug 601 of this embodiment is defined as follows because the tip end surface of the ground electrode tip 608 is not flat. That is, the chip sectional area A g6 is the ground electrode tip 608 intersection points between the surface of the linear KX 6 connecting the shortest distance between the ground electrode tip 608 and the center electrode tip 609 which faces the ground electrode tip 608 of Toko f and 6, an intersection point between the straight line KX 6 and the surface of the center electrode tip 609 and g 6, the ground electrode tip 608, from the point f 6 in the opposite direction from the point f 6 a point g 6 0.2 mm of in the distance, the center electrode and the plane M g6 to be parallel to the tip surface of the tip 609, height 0.2mm portion of the volume V 6 equal volume V 6 surrounded by the surface of the ground electrode tip 608 This is the bottom area of the cylindrical body when the cylindrical body is assumed (see FIG. 9C).
- the chip cross-sectional area Ag6 is not the area of the tip surface of the ground electrode chip 608, but the chip cross-sectional area is defined in the same manner as the above-described chip cross-sectional area Ag6 .
- a spark plug according to the present invention has a center electrode and a ground electrode, and is arranged such that one end of the center electrode and one end of the ground electrode are opposed to each other with a gap therebetween. And a noble metal tip is provided on at least one of the ground electrode.
- the spark plug according to the present invention is a spark plug having such a configuration, other configurations are not particularly limited, and various known configurations can be adopted.
- the spark plug according to the present invention has the same configuration as that described for the spark plug 1 shown in FIG. 1 except for the description of the composition of the center electrode tip 9 and the ground electrode tip 8 in the spark plug 1 shown in FIG. Have. *
- At least one of the ground electrode chip and the center electrode chip is formed of the following chip material, and preferably, the ground electrode chip reaching a higher temperature is formed of the following chip material.
- the chip material forming these noble metal tips is Mp (Mp is an element group consisting of Pt or Pt and Pd, and Pd is 20% by mass or less based on the mass of the noble metal tip), Cu, And M (M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W) in a total amount of 95% by mass or more, and the mass of Mp, Cu, and M
- the ratio (Mp, Cu, M) connects the points A (97, 3, 0), B (80, 3, 17), C (75, 25, 0), A (97, 3, 0) in this order. It is in the area surrounded by the line segment (including on the line). *
- the content ratio of Mp, Cu, and M in the chip material is 95% by mass or more, and the mass ratio of the three components (Mp, Cu, M in the ternary composition diagram of Mp, Cu, M shown in FIG. 10). ) In the region (including the line) surrounded by the line segments connecting the points A, B, C, A in this order, and the noble metal tip has the structure shown below, wear resistance, peeling resistance It is possible to provide a spark plug including a noble metal tip having excellent properties and chip crack resistance.
- the chip material is used as an electrode material for forming a center electrode and a ground electrode when Cu is 3% by mass or more, particularly 5% by mass or more in the ternary composition diagram shown in FIG. Since the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the Ni-based alloy and the chip material is small, the peel resistance is excellent. In addition, it is possible to suppress the lowering of the melting point more than the Pt—Ni alloy known as a material effective for improving the peel resistance, and it is excellent not only in the peel resistance but also in the spark wear resistance. Furthermore, compared to Pt—Rh alloys, which tend to have a larger grain size, this tip material does not have a larger grain size and can suppress internal oxidation compared to Pt—Ir alloys. Excellent. *
- the chip material contains M
- M has a high melting point, and thus becomes a chip material having excellent spark resistance.
- the crystal grain size becomes fine, it is possible to suppress the drop of crystal grains due to cracks in the chip.
- it becomes high strength it is possible to suppress deformation of the noble metal tip even if it comes into contact with the jig during the manufacturing process and receives an impact, so that the impact resistance is also excellent.
- M is 17% by mass or less, and preferably 8% by mass or less.
- the effects of Cu and M in the chip material have been described above, of course, not only the influence of the mass ratio of the single component in the chip material but also the influence of the mass ratio of the three components (Mp, Cu, M) is great.
- the chip material contains Cu and M together in a predetermined ratio or more, that is, when the mass ratio of Cu and M exceeds the straight line BC in the ternary composition diagram, peeling resistance and wear resistance At least one of the property and chip crack resistance is inferior. Therefore, in the ternary composition diagram, the mass ratio of Cu and M is not more than the straight line BC and preferably not more than the straight line GH.
- M is at least one selected from the element group consisting of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W.
- Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W all have high melting points and are difficult to sputter. Furthermore, since the strength is improved by solid solution strengthening and the crystal grains can be made fine, when at least one selected from these element groups is in the range shown in the ternary composition diagram, the peel resistance, the wear resistance, And the spark plug provided with the noble metal tip excellent in chip crack resistance can be provided.
- Rh is particularly preferable because Rh itself oxidizes to form a dense oxide film, which can suppress oxidation of Cu or the like. *
- Mp is an element group consisting of Pt or Pt and Pd, and Pd is 20% by mass or less based on the mass of the noble metal tip.
- Pt is excellent as a main component of the chip material because it is excellent in oxidation resistance, spark consumption and processability. Further, Pd not only has excellent oxidation resistance like Pt but also has a larger thermal expansion coefficient than Pt, and therefore it is advantageous in terms of peel resistance to contain a specific amount of Pd. Therefore, when Pd is 20% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the noble metal tip made of the tip material, a spark plug provided with a noble metal tip excellent in peeling resistance, wear resistance, and chip cracking resistance is provided. Can be provided. The price is cheaper than Pt. However, if Pd exceeds 20% by mass, the melting point of the chip material is lowered and the wear resistance is lowered. *
- the chip material includes at least one element selected from the element group A consisting of Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn and / or the element group B consisting of Ti, Hf, Y, and a rare earth element.
- the total mass is 5% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the noble metal tip made of the chip material, and the total mass of the element group B is 1.5% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the noble metal tip made of the chip material.
- the total mass of the said element group A and the said element group B is less than 5 mass% with respect to the total mass of the noble metal chip
- the peeling resistance and the chip cracking resistance are further improved. Since the element group A has a large coefficient of thermal expansion, the difference from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the electrode material becomes small, the generation of thermal stress can be suppressed, and the crystal grains become fine, which is effective for chip crack resistance.
- the total mass of the element group B in the chip material exceeds 0% by mass and is 1.5% by mass or less, particularly 0.01% by mass or more and 1% by mass or less, the crystal grains become fine, and thus chip crack resistance is excellent. . *
- the total mass of the element group A and the element group B is preferably less than 5% by mass with respect to the noble metal tip.
- This chip material has a total of 95% by mass or more of Mp, Cu, and M, and optionally, an element group A composed of Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn, and an element group composed of Ti, Hf, Y, and a rare earth element B is substantially contained.
- These components are contained so that the total of these components and inevitable impurities is 100% by mass within the range of the content of each component described above.
- Components other than the above components for example, Ag, B, Ca, Al, Si, and Mg may be contained as trace amounts of inevitable impurities.
- the content of these inevitable impurities is preferably small, but may be contained within a range where the object of the present invention can be achieved, and when the total mass of the above-mentioned components is 100 parts by mass,
- the ratio of the one type of inevitable impurities is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or less, and the total ratio of all types of inevitable impurities contained is preferably 0.2 parts by mass or less.
- the hardness of the noble metal tip formed of the tip material is preferably 140 Hv or more, and particularly preferably 200 Hv or more.
- the hardness of the noble metal tip can be measured in the same manner as described in the first invention.
- the adjustment of the hardness of the noble metal tip can also be performed in the same manner as described in the first invention.
- the noble metal tip provided in the spark plug according to the present invention has a welding area S (mm 2 ), a tip protruding dimension H (mm), a cover dimension L (mm), and a tip / welded portion distance h described below.
- (Mm) satisfies the following condition.
- the noble metal tip preferably has a tip cross-sectional area A (mm 2 ) defined below that satisfies (d) 0.2 ⁇ A ⁇ 1.8.
- the weld area S, the cover dimension L, and the tip / weld portion distance h in the noble metal tip satisfy the relationship of (b) S ⁇ 5 and (c) 0.1 ⁇ h or 0.03 ⁇ L, A spark plug having a noble metal tip having excellent peel resistance can be provided. If the welding area S is large, a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the tip material that forms the noble metal tip and the electrode material that forms the electrode causes a high thermal stress particularly on the outer periphery of the noble metal tip. Becomes easy to peel from the electrode. Therefore, the welding area S is 5 or less.
- the electrode is discharged to a portion near the outer periphery of the noble metal tip and / or the weld. It becomes easy. Since the melting point of the electrode and the welded portion is lower than that of the noble metal tip, the electrode and the welded portion are easily consumed, and the peeling resistance is lowered due to the interface between the noble metal tip, the electrode and the welded portion being broken. Further, the wear of the electrode and the welded portion substantially reduces the welded area S, thereby adversely affecting the wear resistance. Therefore, the tip / weld distance h is 0.1 or more, or the fogging dimension L is 0.03 or more. *
- the tip cross-sectional area A of the noble metal tip is preferably (d) 0.2 ⁇ A ⁇ 1.8.
- the wear resistance is further improved.
- the welding area S, the tip protruding dimension H, the fogging dimension L, the tip / welded portion distance h, and the tip cross-sectional area A defined in the second invention are the same as those shown in FIGS. It is defined in the same manner as described with reference to FIG. *
- the spark plug according to the second invention can be manufactured in the same manner as the spark plug according to the first invention. *
- the spark plug according to the first and second inventions is a screw hole provided in a head (not shown) that is used as an ignition plug for an internal combustion engine for automobiles such as a gasoline engine and that defines a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
- the screw portion 10 is screwed to be fixed at a predetermined position.
- the spark plug according to the present invention can be used for any internal combustion engine, it has a noble metal tip excellent in peeling resistance, wear resistance, and chip cracking resistance. It can be suitably used for an internal combustion engine or an internal combustion engine using a high energy coil. *
- the spark plug according to the first and second inventions is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within a range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved.
- the center electrode tip 9 and the ground electrode tip 8 are both formed of the tip material.
- the center electrode tip 9 may be formed of the tip material.
- the ground electrode tip 8 may be formed of the tip material.
- the ground electrode is usually exposed to a higher temperature than the center electrode, it is preferable that at least the ground electrode tip is formed of the tip material.
- INC601 was cast to produce a center electrode and a ground electrode.
- the produced noble metal tip for the center electrode is joined to the tip end surface of the center electrode formed in a rod shape by resistance welding and further laser-welded (hereinafter, the noble metal tip joined to the center electrode is referred to as a center electrode tip).
- the precious metal tip for the manufactured ground electrode was joined to the peripheral side surface of the tip portion of the ground electrode formed in a substantially prismatic shape after resistance welding and then laser-welded (hereinafter, the precious metal tip joined to the ground electrode) Is referred to as a ground electrode tip).
- the ground electrode was a 1.6 ⁇ 3.0 mm substantially prismatic body, and a noble metal tip was bonded to a surface having a width of 3.0 mm. *
- one end of the ground electrode to which the noble metal tip is not joined is joined to one end face of the metal shell, and then the center electrode is assembled to an insulator formed of ceramic, and the ground electrode is joined.
- This insulator was assembled to the metal shell.
- the spark plug test body A was manufactured such that the tip of the ground electrode was bent toward the center electrode so that one end of the ground electrode was opposed to the tip of the center electrode.
- the manufactured spark plug specimen A has a thread diameter of M14, and the spark discharge gap between the tip surface of the center electrode tip and the tip surface of the ground electrode tip facing the center electrode tip is 1.1 mm. there were.
- the center electrode tip and the ground electrode tip both have a welding area S of 0.2 mm 2 , a tip protruding dimension H of 1.4 mm, a fogging dimension L of 0 mm, a tip / welded distance h of 1.0 mm, a tip break
- the area A was a cylindrical body of 0.2 mm 2 . Similar to the spark plug test body shown in FIG. 4, these spark plug test bodies have a noble metal tip that is a cylindrical body and is joined to the electrode by resistance welding and laser welding. Such a shape of the noble metal tip is hereinafter referred to as a columnar shape I.
- spark plug test body B was manufactured in the same manner as the test body A.
- These spark plug specimens like the spark plug specimen shown in FIG. 5, have a noble metal tip that is a cylindrical body and is joined to the electrode only by resistance welding. Such a shape of the noble metal tip is hereinafter referred to as a columnar shape II.
- the shape of the ground electrode tip of the spark plug test body C is a cylindrical shape I.
- the ground electrode to which the noble metal tip was bonded was cut out, passed through the center of the noble metal tip, and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the ground electrode. It cut
- the oxide scale is a portion that looks black when observed with a metal microscope, and is a portion where the interface between the noble metal tip and the welded portion or the ground electrode is oxidized or separated. As shown in FIG.
- the mass ratio of Pt, Cu, and Rh of the ground electrode tip having the composition shown in Table 1 and Table 2 is shown in FIG.
- the mass ratio when the comprehensive evaluation in Tables 1 and 2 is “ ⁇ ” is indicated by “ ⁇ ”
- the mass ratio when “ ⁇ ” and “ ⁇ ” is indicated by “ ⁇ ”.
- Mp corresponds to Pt
- M corresponds to Rh. *
- the spark plug including the noble metal tip included in the scope of the first invention was excellent in wear resistance, peel resistance, and chip crack resistance.
- the spark plug provided with the noble metal tip outside the scope of the first invention has at least one of wear resistance, peel resistance, and chip crack resistance. The characteristics were inferior. *
- a noble metal tip having the same performance was obtained regardless of which element of Rh, Ir, Ru, Re, and W contained the noble metal tip.
- Table 4 compared to a spark plug (No. 38) having a noble metal tip containing Pt and Cu, a spark plug (No. 38) having a noble metal tip containing Pt, Cu and Pd. 70, 71) were excellent in peel resistance.
- the spark plugs (No. 73 to 75, 82) containing at least one of Ni, Co, and Mn are compared with the spark plugs (No. 35, 36) not containing these elements. It was even more excellent in peel resistance and chip crack resistance.
- the spark plugs (No. 77 to 82) containing any of Hf, Ti, Y, and La are more resistant to chip cracking than the spark plugs (No. 35, 46, and 36) not containing these elements. It was more excellent by the nature. *
- the spark plug provided with the noble metal tip included in the scope of the present invention was more excellent in deformation resistance when the hardness of the noble metal tip was 140 Hv or more, particularly 200 Hv or more.
- the spark plug including the noble metal tip included in the scope of the present invention was excellent in wear resistance even when the resistance value of the resistor was 10 k ⁇ or less.
- the tip protruding dimension H of the ground electrode tip is A spark plug specimen E was manufactured in the same manner as the spark plug specimen A except that the distance h between the tip and the welded part was 0.8 mm.
- the shape of the noble metal tip of the spark plug specimen E is a cylindrical shape I. *
- a noble metal tip having the composition shown in Tables 8 to 12 the ground electrode tip has a weld area S of 5 mm 2 , a fogging dimension L of 0.03 mm, a tip A spark plug specimen F was produced in the same manner as the spark plug specimen B except that the cross-sectional area A was 5 mm 2 .
- the center electrode tip of the spark plug test body F has a cylindrical shape I, and the ground electrode tip has a cylindrical shape II.
- the protruding shape is the same shape as the ground electrode tip shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the square tip shape is the same shape as the ground electrode tip shown in FIG.
- the hemispherical shape is similar to the ground electrode tip shown in FIG.
- spark plug specimen I was changed except that the welding area Sg was changed by changing the diameter of the ground electrode tip and the welding conditions. Spark plug specimen I was manufactured in the same manner as F.
- the fogging dimension L was 0 mm, and the tip / weld distance hg was 0.1 mm.
- the shape of the ground electrode tip of the spark plug specimen L is a cylindrical shape I.
- the mass ratio of Pt, Cu, and Rh of the ground electrode tip having the composition shown in Table 8 and Table 9 is shown in FIG.
- the mass ratio when the comprehensive evaluation in Table 8 and Table 9 is “ ⁇ ” is “ ⁇ ”
- the mass ratio is indicated by “ ⁇ ”.
- Mp corresponds to Pt
- M corresponds to Rh. *
- the spark plug provided with the noble metal tip included in the scope of the second invention was excellent in wear resistance, peel resistance, and chip crack resistance.
- a spark plug having a noble metal tip outside the scope of the present invention is inferior in at least one of wear resistance, peel resistance, and chip crack resistance, as shown in Tables 8 and 12-19. It was. *
- a noble metal tip having the same performance was obtained regardless of which element of Rh, Ir, and Ru contained the noble metal tip.
- a spark plug (No. 121) including a noble metal tip containing Pt, Cu, Rh, and a spark plug (No. 121) including a noble metal tip containing Pt, Cu, Rh, and Pd ( No. 164), noble metal tips having the same performance were obtained.
- the spark plug containing a total of 5% by mass or less of at least one of Ni, Co, Ti, and La is a spark plug not containing these elements and a total of 5 masses of these elements. % More excellent in wear resistance, peel resistance and chip crack resistance than spark plugs containing more than%. *
- the spark plug including the ground electrode tip having a welding area S of 5.0 or less had a good peel resistance evaluation.
- the spark plug including the ground electrode tip having h of 0.1 (mm) or more or L of 0.03 (mm) or more was excellent in peel resistance evaluation.
- a spark comprising a ground electrode tip having a welding area S (mm 2 ) of 5.0 or less and h of 0.1 (mm) or more or L of 0.03 (mm) or more. The plug had good evaluation of peel resistance even when the shape of the ground electrode tip was different.
- the spark plug provided with the noble metal tip included in the scope of the present invention was more excellent in deformation resistance when the hardness of the noble metal tip was 140 Hv or more, particularly 200 Hv or more.
- the spark plug provided with the noble metal tip included in the scope of the present invention was excellent in wear resistance even when the resistance value of the resistor was 10 k ⁇ or less.
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Abstract
Description
えられるエネルギーが大きくなったとしても、耐消耗性等に優れた前記貴金属チップが設けられていると、スパークプラグの性能を維持することができる。
おそれがある。
同様にして求めることができる。
形態のスパークプラグ501は、接地電極チップ508が角柱体であり、この角柱体の一部が接地電極507の先端面及び周側面に開口するように設けられた切欠き519に嵌め込まれて、角柱体が有する6つの面のうちの4つの面とこの切欠き519が有する4つの面とが接合され、接地電極チップ508が接地電極507から中心電極504の軸線AX5に直交する方向へ突出するように設けられていること以外は、図4に示したスパークプラグ1と同様の構成を有している。 なお、この実施形態のスパークプラグ501は、前記接地電極507における平坦面に接地電極チップ508を溶融接合する際に、接地電極チップ508を接地電極507に押圧することにより接地電極507に形成された凹部に接地電極チップ508が嵌め込まれるように形成される態様も含む。したがって、前記切欠き519は、接地電極チップ508を嵌め込む前に予め接地電極507に形成する場合と溶融接合する際に形成される場合とを含む。
ップ材料における単独成分の質量割合の影響だけでなく、三成分(Mp、Cu、M)の質量比による影響が大きい。チップ材料がCuとMとを合わせて所定割合以上含有している場合、すなわち三成分系組成図においてCuとMとの質量割合が直線BCを超えている場合には、耐剥離性、耐消耗性、耐チップ割れ性の少なくとも1つが劣ってしまう。したがって、三成分系組成図においてCuとMとの質量割合は直線BC以下であり、直線GH以下であるのが好ましい。
Sgが5.3mm2、チップ出寸法Hgが0.2mm、かぶり寸法Lが0.02mm、チップ/溶接部間距離hgが0mm、チップ断面積が5.3mm2の円柱体であったこと以外は、前記スパークプラグの試験体Aと同様にして、スパークプラグ試験体Bを製造した。これらのスパークプラグ試験体は図5に示すスパークプラグ試験体と同様に、貴金属チップが円柱体であり、抵抗溶接のみにより電極に接合されている。このような貴金属チップの形状を、以下において円柱形状IIと称する。
中心電極チップの形状は円柱形状I、接地電極チップの形状は円柱形状IIである。
2 主体金具
3 絶縁体
4 中心電極
5 抵抗体
6 端子金具
7 接地電極
8 接地電極チップ
9 中心電極チップ
10 ネジ部
11 タルク
12 パッキン
13 外材
14 内材
15 溶接部
16 接合面
17 境界線
18 土台
20 軸孔
21 中心電極チップにおける溶接部
G 火花放電間隙
Claims (11)
- 中心電極、及び前記中心電極との間に間隙を設けた接地電極を備え、前記中心電極及び前記接地電極の少なくとも一方に貴金属チップが設けられたスパークプラグにおいて、 前記貴金属チップは、Mp(Mpは、Pt、又はPtとPdとからなる元素群であり、Pdは貴金属チップの質量に対して20質量%以下である。)、Cu、及びM(Mは、Rh、Ir、Ru、Re、及びWからなる元素群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である。)を合計で95質量%以上含有し、かつ、 前記Mp、Cu、Mの質量比(Mp,Cu,M)が各点D(95,5,0)、E(94.5,5,0.5)、F(87,5,8)、G(80,12,8)、H(79.5,20,0.5)、I(80,20,0)、D(95,5,0)をこの順に結ぶ線分で囲まれた領域内(線上を含む。)にあることを特徴とするスパークプラグ。
- 前記貴金属チップは、質量比(Mp,Cu,M)が各点E(94.5,5,0.5)、F(87,5,8)、G(80,12,8)、H(79.5,20,0.5)、E(94.5,5,0.5)をこの順に結ぶ線分で囲まれた領域内(線上を含む。)にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 軸孔を有する絶縁体を備え、該軸孔に配設された中心電極、及び前記中心電極との間に間隙を設けた接地電極を備え、前記中心電極及び前記接地電極の少なくとも一方に貴金属チップが設けられたスパークプラグにおいて、 前記貴金属チップは、Mp(Mpは、Pt、又はPtとPdとからなる元素群であり、Pdは貴金属チップの質量に対して20質量%以下である。)、Cu、及びM(Mは、Rh、Ir、Ru、Re、及びWからなる元素群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である。)を合計で95質量%以上含有し、かつ、 前記Mp、Cu、Mの質量比(Mp,Cu,M)が各点A(97,3,0)、B(80,3,17)、C(75,25,0)、A(97,3,0)をこの順に結ぶ線分で囲まれた領域内(線上を含む。)にあり、 以下に記載された、溶接面積S(mm2)とチップ出寸法H(mm)、かぶり寸法L(mm)、チップ/溶接部間距離h(mm)とが、次の条件を満たすことを特徴とするスパークプラグ。 (a)H≦0.13S+1.18(b)S≦5(c)0.1≦h、又は0.03≦L ただし、溶接面積Sは、 前記貴金属チップが前記中心電極及び/又は前記接地電極の先端面又は周側面に設けられ、 前記貴金属チップが該貴金属チップと設置金属体(ただし、設置金属体は、中心電極、接地電極、又はこれらの電極と前記貴金属チップとの間に設けられた土台をいう。)との溶融により形成されてなる溶接部を介して接合されている前記設置金属体の接合面に対して垂直な方向をX方向とし、該X方向から観察して、前記設置金属体と前記貴金属チップとを前記X方向に直交する面へ投影した場合における両投影領域が重なる領域の面積S(ただし、前記貴金属チップが設置金属体に該設置金属体における複数面で接合されている場合には、各面に対して垂直な方向をY方向とし、各Y方向における重なる領域の合計面積をSとする)であり、 チップ出寸法Hは、 前記貴金属チップと対向金属凸体(ただし、対向金属凸体は、貴金属チップ、中心電極の先端部が突出して形成されて成る中心電極凸部、又は接地電極の先端部が突出して形成されて成る接地電極凸部をいう。)とが対向する方向において、前記設置金属体の前記接合面から最も離れた前記貴金属チップの先端面との間の距離(ただし、前記設置金属体と前記貴金属チップとの間の全面に前記溶接部が設けられている場合には、前記貴金属チップの軸線PX方向における前記溶接部の厚みが最も薄い部位における厚みの1/2となる点から前記軸線PX方向に最も離れた前記貴金属チップの表面までの距離である。)であり、 かぶり寸法Lとチップ/溶接部間距離hについては、前記軸孔が延伸する方向を前記中心電極の軸線AX方向としたとき、(1)前記貴金属チップと前記対向金属凸体とが前記軸線AX方向に対向するように配置され、前記貴金属チップが前記設置金属体から前記軸線AXに直交する方向へ突出していない場合には、 かぶり寸法Lは、前記軸線AX方向から観察して、前記貴金属チップの最大径となる周側面上の点k1を含む前記軸線AXに平行な直線群と前記貴金属チップに対向する前記対向金属凸体の最大径となる周側面上の点k2を含む前記軸線AXに平行な直線群との間の最短距離であり、 チップ/溶接部間距離hは、前記貴金属チップにおいて、前記点k1を含み前記軸線AXに平行な面における前記貴金属チップの先端から前記溶接部との境界までの前記軸線AX方向距離であり、(2)前記貴金属チップが前記接地電極から前記軸線AXに直交する方向へ突出するように前記接地電極に設けられ、前記対向金属凸体の先端面と前記貴金属チップとが前記軸線AX方向において対向するように配置されている場合には、 かぶり寸法Lは、前記軸線AX方向から観察して、前記対向金属凸体の先端面を前記軸線AX方向に垂直な仮想面へ投影した場合における投影面上の点k3と、前記接地電極を該仮想面へ投影した場合における投影面の輪郭線及び前記貴金属チップを該仮想面へ投影した場合における投影面の輪郭線が交差することにより生じる交点k4との最短距離であり、(i)前記貴金属チップのチップ/溶接部間距離hは、前記貴金属チップにおいて、前記点k4を含み前記軸線AXに平行な面における前記貴金属チップの先端から前記溶接部との境界までの距離であり、(ii)前記対向金属凸体が中心電極に設けられた貴金属チップである場合には、前記対向金属凸体のチップ/溶接部間距離hは、前記点k3を含み前記軸線AXに平行な面における前記中心電極に設けられた貴金属チップの先端から前記溶接部との境界までの前記軸線AX方向の距離である。
- 前記MpはPtとPdとからなる元素群であることを特徴とする請求項1~3に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記貴金属チップは、Ni、Co、Fe、及びMnからなる元素群A、及び/又は、Ti、Hf、Y、及び希土類元素からなる元素群Bから選ばれるいずれか少なくとも1種を含み、前記元素群Aの合計質量が5質量%以下であり、前記元素群Bの合計質量が1.5質量%以下であり、かつ、前記元素群A及び前記元素群Bの合計質量が5質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記Mは、Rhであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 軸孔を有する絶縁体を備え、該軸孔に配設された中心電極、及び前記中心電極との間に間隙を設けられた接地電極を備え、前記中心電極及び前記接地電極の少なくとも一方に貴金属チップが設けられたスパークプラグにおいて、 以下に記載された、溶接面積S(mm2)とチップ出寸法H(mm)、かぶり寸法L(mm)、チップ/溶接部間距離h(mm)とが、次の条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のスパークプラグ。 (a)H≦0.13S+1.18(b)S≦5(c)0.1≦h、又は0.03≦L ただし、溶接面積Sは、 前記貴金属チップが前記中心電極及び/又は前記接地電極の先端面又は周側面に設けられ、 前記貴金属チップが該貴金属チップと設置金属体(ただし、設置金属体は、中心電極、接地電極、又はこれらの電極と前記貴金属チップとの間に設けられた土台をいう。)との溶融により形成されてなる溶接部を介して接合されている前記設置金属体の接合面に対して垂直な方向をX方向とし、該X方向から観察して、前記設置金属体と前記貴金属チップとを前記X方向に直交する面へ投影した場合における両投影領域が重なる領域の面積S(ただし、前記貴金属チップが設置金属体に該設置金属体における複数面で接合されている場合には、各面に対して垂直な方向をY方向とし、各Y方向における重なる領域の合計面積をSとする)であり、 チップ出寸法Hは、 前記貴金属チップと対向金属凸体(ただし、対向金属凸体は、貴金属チップ、中心電極の先端部が突出して形成されて成る中心電極凸部、又は接地電極の先端部が突出して形成されて成る接地電極凸部をいう。)とが対向する方向において、前記設置金属体の前記接合面から最も離れた前記貴金属チップの先端面との間の距離(ただし、前記設置金属体と前記貴金属チップとの間の全面に前記溶接部が設けられている場合には、前記貴金属チップの軸線PX方向における前記溶接部の厚みが最も薄い部位における厚みの1/2となる点から前記軸線PX方向に最も離れた前記貴金属チップの表面までの距離である。)であり、 かぶり寸法Lとチップ/溶接部間距離hについては、前記軸孔が延伸する方向を前記中心電極の軸線AX方向としたとき、(1)前記貴金属チップと前記対向金属凸体とが前記軸線AX方向に対向するように配置され、前記貴金属チップが前記設置金属体から前記軸線AXに直交する方向へ突出していない場合には、 かぶり寸法Lは、前記軸線AX方向から観察して、前記貴金属チップの最大径となる周側面上の点k1を含む前記軸線AXに平行な直線群と前記貴金属チップに対向する前記対向金属凸体の最大径となる周側面上の点k2を含む前記軸線AXに平行な直線群との間の最短距離であり、 チップ/溶接部間距離hは、前記貴金属チップにおいて、前記点k1を含み前記軸線AXに平行な面における前記貴金属チップの先端から前記溶接部との境界までの前記軸線AX方向距離であり、(2)前記貴金属チップが前記接地電極から前記軸線AXに直交する方向へ突出するように前記接地電極に設けられ、前記対向金属凸体の先端面と前記貴金属チップとが前記軸線AX方向において対向するように配置されている場合には、 かぶり寸法Lは、前記軸線AX方向から観察して、前記対向金属凸体の先端面を前記軸線AX方向に垂直な仮想面へ投影した場合における投影面上の点k3と、前記接地電極を該仮想面へ投影した場合における投影面の輪郭線及び前記貴金属チップを該仮想面へ投影した場合における投影面の輪郭線が交差することにより生じる交点k4との最短距離であり、(i)前記貴金属チップのチップ/溶接部間距離hは、前記貴金属チップにおいて、前記点k4を含み前記軸線AXに平行な面における前記貴金属チップの先端から前記溶接部との境界までの距離であり、(ii)前記対向金属凸体が中心電極に設けられた貴金属チップである場合には、前記対向金属凸体のチップ/溶接部間距離hは、前記点k3を含み前記軸線AXに平行な面における前記中心電極に設けられた貴金属チップの先端から前記溶接部との境界までの前記軸線AX方向の距離である。
- 前記貴金属チップの硬度が、140Hv以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記貴金属チップの硬度が、200Hv以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記中心電極が絶縁体の軸方向に形成された軸孔内にその一端部から露出するように固定され、端子金具が前記軸孔内の他端部から露出するように固定され、前記軸孔内における前記中心電極と前記端子金具との間に抵抗体が設けられ、前記抵抗体の抵抗値が10kΩ以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のスパークプラグ。
- 前記貴金属チップは、前記接地電極のみに設けられて成ることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のスパークプラグ。
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CN201180028837.1A CN102939694B (zh) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-02-03 | 火花塞 |
EP11792064.5A EP2581999B1 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-02-03 | Spark plug |
KR1020137000754A KR101409547B1 (ko) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-02-03 | 스파크 플러그 |
US13/695,721 US8618725B2 (en) | 2010-06-11 | 2011-02-03 | Spark plug |
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JP2010134045A JP5028508B2 (ja) | 2010-06-11 | 2010-06-11 | スパークプラグ |
JP2010-134045 | 2010-06-11 |
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US (1) | US8618725B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2581999B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5028508B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101409547B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102939694B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011155101A1 (ja) |
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US20140139098A1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2014-05-22 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Spark plug |
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JP5590979B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-11 | 2014-09-17 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 耐火花消耗特性に優れた点火プラグ電極用の材料 |
WO2014024501A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
US9041274B2 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2015-05-26 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Company | Spark plug having firing pad |
JP5938392B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-06-22 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
JP2015133243A (ja) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-23 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
JP6041824B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-22 | 2016-12-14 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ、および、点火システム |
JP5978250B2 (ja) | 2014-06-03 | 2016-08-24 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ用の電極チップ及びスパークプラグ |
JP6328088B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-06 | 2018-05-23 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
US9837797B2 (en) | 2016-03-16 | 2017-12-05 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ignition plug |
JP6347818B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-16 | 2018-06-27 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 点火プラグ |
JP6427133B2 (ja) | 2016-03-29 | 2018-11-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
JP6588066B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-10-09 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグの製造方法 |
JP6876075B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-05-26 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | スパークプラグ |
US11621544B1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode and method of manufacturing the same |
US11831130B2 (en) | 2022-03-29 | 2023-11-28 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug, spark plug electrode, and method of manufacturing the same |
US11837852B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-12-05 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh | Spark plug electrode with electrode tip directly thermally coupled to heat dissipating core and method of manufacturing the same |
US12027826B2 (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2024-07-02 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Llc | Spark plug |
CN116106154B (zh) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-06-20 | 西南石油大学 | 一种防腐材料加速冲蚀试验装置及其试验方法 |
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- 2011-02-03 WO PCT/JP2011/000612 patent/WO2011155101A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101409547B1 (ko) | 2014-06-19 |
CN102939694B (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
CN102939694A (zh) | 2013-02-20 |
KR20130039757A (ko) | 2013-04-22 |
US20130069516A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
JP2011258510A (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
US8618725B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
EP2581999A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
EP2581999A1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
JP5028508B2 (ja) | 2012-09-19 |
EP2581999B1 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
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