WO2011145476A1 - モータ制御装置 - Google Patents
モータ制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011145476A1 WO2011145476A1 PCT/JP2011/060740 JP2011060740W WO2011145476A1 WO 2011145476 A1 WO2011145476 A1 WO 2011145476A1 JP 2011060740 W JP2011060740 W JP 2011060740W WO 2011145476 A1 WO2011145476 A1 WO 2011145476A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motor
- physical quantity
- pressure
- value
- command value
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C45/77—Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/0004—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76494—Controlled parameter
- B29C2945/76498—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76655—Location of control
- B29C2945/76658—Injection unit
- B29C2945/76692—Injection unit drive means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76929—Controlling method
- B29C2945/76939—Using stored or historical data sets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor control device that controls driving of a motor for pressing a mechanical load against an object.
- an electric mechanism such as mechanical drive unit
- a motor to apply pressure to the object to be pressed.
- an actual pressure value that is a pressure value when a mechanical load is pressed against a molding material or a workpiece that is an object to be pressed is detected, and the detected actual value is detected.
- Pressure control is performed based on the pressure value and the pressure command value. By such pressure control, the motor current command value is calculated so that the actual pressure value follows the pressure command value.
- a stepped signal having a target pressure value as a final value is often used as a pressure command signal that is a signal of a pressure command value.
- an overshoot which is a phenomenon in which the actual pressure value exceeds the target value, occurs when the control is performed by giving a step-like pressure command signal.
- an actual pressure value that is larger than the target pressure value is generated in pressure control in a molding machine or a bonding machine, which adversely affects the quality of the molded product or processed product.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can suppress the occurrence of overshoot, and can also follow the physical physical quantity command value of a mechanical physical quantity that acts on an object from a mechanical load. It is an object to obtain a motor control device that can be improved.
- the motor control device includes a motor and is connected to a mechanical load for applying a mechanical physical quantity that is one of force and pressure to an object, and the mechanical load is displaced by the power of the motor.
- the mechanical physical amount is applied to the target object by being pressed against the target object, and the value of the mechanical physical quantity acting on the target object from the mechanical load is used as a physical quantity acquisition value.
- a motor control device that acquires a physical quantity command value for obtaining the physical quantity acquisition value as a preset physical quantity target value, and controls driving of the motor using the physical quantity acquisition value and the physical quantity command value
- the motor control device main body stores in advance information on the elastic constant of the object and the maximum speed of the motor, the value obtained by differentiating the physical quantity command value, Elastic constant of the serial object, and is intended to generate the physical quantity command value to be less than the product of the maximum speed of the motor.
- the motor control device body generates the physical quantity command value so that the value obtained by differentiating the physical quantity command value is equal to or less than the product of the elastic constant of the object and the maximum speed of the motor. Since the slope of the change in the physical quantity command value corresponds to the maximum speed of the motor, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of overshoot and to follow the mechanical physical quantity acting on the object from the mechanical load with respect to the physical quantity command value. Can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a motor control apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the processing apparatus 1 includes an electric mechanism 4 including a rotary motor (pressing motor) 2 and an encoder 3, a mechanical load (pressing member) 5, and a pressure detector 6.
- Encoder 3 is speed detection means for generating an actual motor speed signal corresponding to the rotational speed of the motor 2.
- the electric mechanism 4 is a feed screw mechanism that converts rotational motion into translation motion, and includes a screw 4a and a ball screw nut 4b.
- the screw 4 a is rotated in the circumferential direction by the motor 2.
- the ball screw nut 4b is displaced in the axial direction of the screw 4a as the screw 4a rotates.
- the mechanical load 5 is attached to the ball screw nut 4b.
- the front end portion of the mechanical load 5 is opposed to the pressurized object (object) 7. Further, the mechanical load 5 is displaced in the axial direction of the screw 4a together with the ball screw nut 4b.
- the pressurized object 7 is pressurized by the mechanical load 5.
- the pressure detector 6 is attached to the mechanical load 5.
- the pressure detector 6 is, for example, a load cell or various force sensors. Further, the pressure detector 6 generates an actual pressure signal 6 a corresponding to the pressure (mechanical physical quantity) at the time of pressurization of the pressurization target 7 with the mechanical load 5.
- the driving of the motor 2 is controlled by the motor control device body 10.
- the motor control device main body 10 includes a pressure command signal generation unit 11, a pressure control unit 12, a speed control unit 13, and a current control unit 14.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 11 generates a pressure command value (physical quantity command value) signal, that is, a pressure command signal 11a, which is a command value of pressure applied to the pressurization target.
- the pressure control unit 12 calculates a deviation (difference) between the pressure command value of the pressure command signal 11 a from the pressure command signal generation unit 11 and the actual pressure value (physical quantity acquisition value) of the actual pressure signal 6 a from the pressure detector 6. Receives signal 11b. Further, the pressure control unit 12 executes a pressure control calculation, calculates a motor speed command value corresponding to a deviation between the pressure command value and the actual pressure value, and a motor speed command signal which is a signal of the motor speed command value 12a is generated. As an example of the pressure control calculation by the pressure control unit 12, there is a proportional control that outputs a speed command value by multiplying the deviation between the pressure command value and the actual pressure value by a proportional constant defined by a proportional gain parameter. .
- the speed controller 13 receives a signal 12b of a deviation (difference) between the motor speed command value of the motor speed command signal 12a from the pressure controller 12 and the actual motor speed of the actual motor speed signal 3a from the encoder 3. Further, the speed control unit 13 executes a speed control calculation, calculates a motor current command value corresponding to a deviation between the motor speed command value and the motor actual speed, and a motor current command which is a signal of the motor current command value. A signal 13a is generated.
- An example of the speed control calculation by the speed control unit 13 includes proportional + integral control based on two parameters, a proportional gain parameter and an integral gain parameter.
- the current control unit 14 receives the motor current command signal 13a from the speed control unit 13.
- the current control unit 14 supplies power 14a to the motor 2 based on the motor current command value of the motor current command signal 13a.
- the motor control device main body 10 can be configured by a computer (not shown) having an arithmetic processing unit (CPU), a storage unit (ROM, RAM, etc.) and a signal input / output unit.
- a program for realizing the functions of the pressure command signal generation unit 11, the pressure control unit 12, the speed control unit 13, and the current control unit 14 is stored in the computer storage unit of the motor control device main body 10.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of the pressure command signal generation unit 11 of FIG. 2, in step S11, the pressure command signal generating unit 11 pressurizes want target pressure which is the pressure P1 (physical amount target value), the current pressure P0 is a pressure currently held, the maximum motor speed V max, and The elastic constant K of the pressurized object 7 is acquired.
- P1 physical amount target value
- V max maximum motor speed
- the target pressure P1 for the maximum motor speed V max and elastic constant K, it is possible to use a registered in the pressure command signal generating unit 11 in advance value.
- the actual pressure value acquired from the actual pressure signal 6a of the pressure detector 6 that is, the actual pressure value acquired via the pressure detector 6) by the pressure command signal generator 11 can be used.
- the actual pressure value estimated and acquired by the pressure command signal generation unit 11 can be used.
- step S12 the pressure command signal generation unit 11 calculates the pressurization transition time ⁇ using the following arithmetic expression.
- ⁇
- pressure command signal generation part 11 computes pressure command value P * (t) using the following formula (1).
- t is a parameter representing time
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in the pressure command value P * (t) calculated by the pressure command signal generation unit 11 in FIG.
- the target pressure P1 is reached.
- This elastic constant K represents a proportionality constant indicating how much pressure is generated with respect to the motor position (rotation angle).
- performing the control for changing the pressure generated in the pressurizing object 7 means that the position of the mechanical load 5 or the motor position is determined by focusing on the operation of the mechanical load 5 and the motor 2 that drives the mechanical load 5. This corresponds to moving from one position to another.
- the magnitude of the actual motor speed signal 3a which is a signal obtained by differentiating the motor position
- the speed command signal 12a which is a reference signal for the speed controller 13
- the configuration of the pressure control system is not limited to the configuration in which the minor loop of the pressure control is the speed control (the pressure control unit 12 generates the speed command signal 12a as shown in FIG. 1), and the pressure command value is stepwise.
- the motor speed is infinite in magnitude and tries to move in an impulse shape.
- the motor 2 since the motor 2 has a motor maximum speed that is the maximum speed that can be normally output, it is not preferable to give a speed command value larger than the motor maximum speed from the viewpoint of motor control.
- the pressure command value P * (t in the time region 0 ⁇ t ⁇ ⁇ in which the pressure command value changes. ) Divided by the elastic constant K of the pressurizing object 7 to calculate a differentiated value, V max is obtained.
- the value obtained by differentiating the pressure command value is the product of the elastic constant and the maximum motor speed.
- a value obtained by dividing the pressure command value of the pressure command signal 11a serving as the reference signal of the pressure control unit 12 by the elastic constant K is a value representing the motor position when the pressure control is performed from the equation (2). Differentiating this value corresponds to a value representing the motor speed when pressure control is performed.
- the speed of the motor 2 becomes equal to or less than the motor maximum speed while the pressure control for changing the current pressure to the target pressure is performed, and the stepped pressure command signal and the inclination are reduced. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of undesired phenomena such as overshoot and vibration generated when a relatively large pressure command signal is applied, and stable pressure and force control can be realized.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 11 of the motor control device main body 10 is a product of the value obtained by differentiating the pressure command value as the elastic constant K of the pressurization object and the motor maximum speed V max .
- a pressure command value is generated so as to be as follows. With this configuration, since the gradient of the change in the pressure command value becomes a gradient corresponding to the motor maximum speed V max , it is possible to suppress the occurrence of overshoot and improve the followability of the actual pressure value to the command pressure value. be able to.
- a quantitative guideline can be given to the slope of the change in the pressure command value when the pressure command value is changed, and the slope of the change in the pressure command value can be set more appropriately.
- step S1 in the flowchart of FIG. 2 of the first embodiment calculated * pressure command value P a (t) with a maximum motor speed V max.
- V max the maximum motor speed
- Vn the maximum motor speed
- the pressure control is performed while changing the current pressure P0 to the target pressure P1. This corresponds to performing pressure control by operating the motor 2 at the maximum speed within the range that the motor 2 can output, and has the effect of realizing pressure control that quickly reaches the target pressure P1.
- Embodiment 2 FIG. In the first embodiment, the configuration focusing on the maximum speed of the motor 2 has been described. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, a configuration that focuses on the maximum torque of the motor 2 in addition to the maximum speed of the motor 2 will be described.
- the motor 2 has not only the maximum output speed but also the maximum torque that can be output. If a torque larger than the maximum torque that can be output by the motor 2 is to be output during the pressure control, an undesirable phenomenon such as overshoot or vibration occurs in the pressure applied to the pressurizing object 7. For example, when the target pressure is given stepwise as the pressure command signal 11a, such a phenomenon occurs.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a part of a motor control apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 21 according to the second embodiment includes the motor maximum torque T max and the machine in addition to the information on the elastic constant K of the pressurization target, the target pressure P1, and the motor maximum speed V max. Information on total inertia J is stored in advance.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 21 calculates a pressure command value based on these information and the current pressure P0, and generates a pressure command signal 21a that is a signal thereof.
- the actual pressure value acquired from the actual pressure signal 6a of the pressure detector 6 by the pressure command signal generation unit 21 can be used, or the pressure command signal generation unit It is also possible to use a value obtained by 21 estimating the actual pressure.
- the mechanical total inertia J is an inertia of a portion that moves when the motor 2 is driven.
- the inertia of the motor 2 the inertia of the electric mechanism 4, the inertia of the mechanical load 5, and the pressure detector 6. This is equivalent to the total inertia.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the pressure command signal generation unit 21 of FIG. 5, in step S21, the pressure command signal generator 21, a pressure command generation information, the target pressure P1, the current pressure P0, the maximum motor speed V max, the motor maximum torque T max, mechanical total inertia J, and the pressure
- the elastic constant K of the object 7 is acquired.
- the constant A is a constant corresponding to an acceleration that can be output when the motor 2 is driven with a motor maximum torque with respect to the inertia J machine.
- step S23 the pressure command signal generator 21, current pressure P0, the target pressure P1, the elastic constant of the pressurized target 7 K, and on the basis of the maximum motor speed V max, the following equation (3) Check if it is true.
- V max ⁇ 2” in the expression (3) represents the square of V max .
- the pressure command signal generation unit 21 sequentially executes the processes of steps S24 and S25.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 21 sequentially executes the processes of steps S26 and S27.
- step S24 the pressure command signal generation unit 21 calculates a constant ⁇ 0 using the following equation (4).
- step S25 the pressure command signal generator 21 calculates a pressure command value P * (t) using the constant ⁇ 0, the parameter t, and the following equation (5).
- step S23 If the pressure command signal generation unit 21 confirms that the expression (3) is not established in step S23, the pressure instruction signal generation unit 21 uses the following expression (6) in step S26 to use the constants ⁇ 0, ⁇ 1. Is calculated.
- step S27 the pressure command signal generation unit 21 calculates the pressure command value P * (t) using the parameter t and the following equation (7).
- the first derivative value of the pressure command value is less than a certain magnitude. There is no guarantee that it will be below a certain value. For this reason, the motor 2 may be driven by generating a torque that is equal to or greater than the motor maximum torque T max , so that overshoot or vibration occurs in the torque, resulting in a pressure applied to the pressurizing object 7. However, undesirable phenomena such as overshoot and vibration may occur.
- the value obtained by differentiating the pressure command value P * (t) and dividing by the elastic constant K corresponds to the motor speed when the pressure command value is completely followed. Therefore, a value obtained by differentiating the pressure command value P * (t) twice and dividing by the elastic constant K corresponds to the acceleration of the motor 2 when the pressure command value is completely followed.
- the value obtained by multiplying the pressure command value P * (t) twice and dividing by the elastic constant K, multiplied by the total mechanical inertia J is the addition of the motor 2 in the pressure control from the current pressure P0 to the target pressure P1. This corresponds to the torque required for the deceleration operation.
- the value obtained by dividing the twice differential value of the pressure command value P * (t) by the elastic constant K and multiplying by the mechanical total inertia J is equal to or less than the motor maximum torque T max.
- the pressure command value P * (t) is calculated.
- FIG. 6 shows the change pattern of the differential value of the pressure command value P * (t) generated according to the flowchart of FIG. 5 (general shape of the differential signal) based on the equation (8).
- the gradient of the change in the differential value is A ⁇ K
- the entire change pattern is triangular (isosceles triangle).
- the value obtained by dividing the differential value of the pressure command value P * (t) by the elastic constant K corresponds to the motor speed during pressure control. That is, when the change pattern of the differential value of the pressure command value becomes a triangular shape, the motor 2 linearly accelerates with a torque equal to or less than the motor maximum torque T max acquired in step S21 of FIG. In the state of Bang-Bang control that linearly decelerates, this means that the motor 2 is operated to increase or decrease the pressure as quickly as possible.
- FIG. 7 shows a change pattern of the differential value of the pressure command value P * (t) generated according to the flowchart of FIG. 5 (general shape of the differential signal) based on the equation (9). .
- the entire change pattern of the differential value has a trapezoidal shape.
- the change pattern of the differential value of the pressure command value P * (t) is trapezoidal when viewed from the motor 2 in a linear manner with a torque equal to or less than the motor maximum torque T max acquired in step S21 in FIG. It means that when the acceleration is completed and the acceleration is completed, the motor is maintained at a speed equal to or lower than the motor maximum speed V max and is finally decelerated linearly with a torque equal to or less than the motor maximum torque T max .
- the motor is operated so as to increase or decrease the pressure in the state of Bang-Bang control. That is, the performance of the motor 2 is prevented while preventing the phenomenon that the motor speed exceeds the motor maximum speed or the motor torque exceeds the motor maximum torque during the pressure control, which is a cause of an undesirable phenomenon such as pressure overshoot or vibration. It is possible to control to increase or decrease the pressure applied to the pressurized object 7 as fast as possible by using it to the maximum.
- a series of processing is performed using the motor maximum torque T max in step S21 of FIG.
- the present invention is not limited to this example, and an arbitrary value Tn smaller than the motor maximum torque may be used instead of the motor maximum torque Tmax .
- Tn instead of T max, in the same manner as when using the T max, the pressure command value by differentiating twice, divided by elastic constant K, Shimese be mechanical total inertia J is equal to or less than Tn
- the motor torque during pressure control is Tn or less.
- Embodiment 3 In the pressure control, it is necessary to generate a torque in the motor 2 for holding only by holding a constant pressure on the pressurizing object without changing the pressure applied to the pressurizing object 7. Specifically, when a pressure / force is applied to the pressurizing object 7, the same direction of pressure / force is applied to the mechanical load 5 according to the principle of action / reaction. In order to counteract the pressure / force generated as a reaction, it is necessary to generate a torque corresponding to the pressure / force of the reaction in the motor 2 so as to maintain the pressure applied to the pressurized object 7. In particular, when the pressure and force to be controlled are relatively large, it is necessary to perform control in consideration of this holding torque. In the third embodiment, a configuration in consideration of this holding torque will be described.
- the holding torque Tp is a gear ratio
- N the gear ratio
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a part of a motor control apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 31 applies the pressure in addition to the elastic constant K of the object to be pressurized, the target pressure P1, the motor maximum speed V max , the motor maximum torque T max , and the total mechanical inertia J.
- Information on the holding torque T1 for holding the pressure applied to the object 7 is stored in advance.
- the pressure command signal generation unit 21 calculates a pressure command value based on this information and the current pressure P0 acquired from the actual pressure signal 6a from the pressure detector 6 or acquired by estimation, and the signal The pressure command signal 31a is generated.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the pressure command signal generation unit 31 of FIG. Note that the processes (steps S23 to S27) other than steps S31 and S32 in FIG. 9 are the same as those in the second embodiment, and here, differences from the second embodiment will be mainly described.
- step S31 the pressure command signal generation unit 31 uses the target pressure P1, the current pressure P0, the motor maximum speed V max , the motor maximum torque T max , the total mechanical inertia J, and the holding torque as pressure command generation information. Get T1.
- T1 P0 ⁇ L / (2 ⁇ )
- P0 P1 ⁇ L / (2 ⁇ )
- the constant A represents the maximum acceleration of the motor 2 when the mechanical load is driven with a torque obtained by subtracting the holding torque from the maximum torque.
- the subsequent processing is the same as in the second embodiment.
- step S23 and subsequent steps in FIG. 9 are the same as those in the second embodiment, the effect obtained in the second embodiment, that is, the effect that the motor speed becomes equal to or lower than the maximum motor speed during the pressure control, Form 3 can also be obtained.
- the process of step S32 in FIG. 9 corresponds to a process using T max ⁇ T1 as the torque Tn equal to or lower than the maximum torque in the process of step S22 of FIG. 5 of the second embodiment.
- the torque required for the acceleration / deceleration operation of the motor 2 for pressure control from the current pressure P0 to the target pressure P1 is Tn or less.
- the holding torque T1 for holding the current pressure P0 or the target pressure P1 is so large that it cannot be ignored, the sum of the torque Tn required for the acceleration / deceleration operation of the motor 2 and the holding torque T1 (that is, the following calculation formula)
- the motor maximum torque T max is not exceeded.
- undesirable phenomena such as pressure overshoot and vibration generated by giving a torque command larger than the motor maximum torque T max can be prevented.
- the configuration related to pressure control has been described.
- the pressure control in the first to third embodiments can be replaced with force control as it is. That is, force can be used as a mechanical physical quantity.
- the pressure detector 6 is used. However, the pressure detector 6 may be omitted. In this case, the pressure may be estimated from the current and speed information of the motor, and the pressure may be controlled based on the estimated value.
- the minor loop for pressure control is a speed control loop (the output of the pressure control unit 12 is a motor speed command) is shown.
- a position control loop or a current control loop may be used as the minor loop, a control system design method based on modern control theory, or a control system configuration using feedforward control may be used.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1によるモータ制御装置を示すブロック図である。
図1において、加工装置1は、回転式のモータ(加圧用モータ)2及びエンコーダ3を含む電動機構4と、機械負荷(押圧部材)5と、圧力検出器6とを有している。
τ=|P1-P0|/(K・Vmax)
P=K・X+B (2)
但し、実施の形態1のように、モータ最大速度Vmaxを用いて圧力指令値P*(t)を算出する方式では、現在圧力P0から目標圧力P1に変化させる圧力制御を行っている間で、モータ2が出力できる範囲で最大の速度でモータ2を動作させて圧力制御を行っていることに相当し、素早く目標圧力P1に到達する圧力制御が実現できるという効果がある。
実施の形態1では、モータ2の最大速度に着目した構成について説明した。これに対して、実施の形態2では、モータ2の最大速度に加えて、モータ2の最大トルクに着目した構成について説明する。
|P1-P0| < K・Vmax^2/A (3)
ここで、式(3)における「Vmax^2」はVmaxの二乗を表すものである。
ステップS25では、圧力指令信号生成部21は、定数τ0とパラメータtと次の式(5)とを用いて、圧力指令値P*(t)を算出する。
これと同様に、τ0≦t≦2τ0の場合におけるA(2τ0-t)は、t=τ0のときに最大値をとることから、次の関係となる。
圧力制御において、加圧対象物7に加える圧力を変更せずに、加圧対象物に一定の圧力を保持するだけでも、保持のためにモータ2にトルクを発生させる必要がある。具体的に、加圧対象物7に圧力・力を加えると、作用・反作用の原理により、機械負荷5にも向きが反対で、同じ大きさの圧力・力が加わる。反作用として発生する圧力・力に対抗するために、モータ2に反作用分の圧力・力に相当するトルクを発生させて、加圧対象物7に加える圧力を保持する必要がある。特に、制御する圧力・力が比較的大きい場合には、この保持トルクを考慮して制御を行う必要がある。実施の形態3では、この保持トルクを考慮した構成について説明する。
Tn+T1=(Tmax-T1)+T1=Tmax
このため、モータ最大トルクTmaxよりも大きなトルク指令を与えることで発生する圧力のオーバーシュートや振動等の好ましくない現象を防ぐことができる。
Claims (4)
- モータを有し、力及び圧力のいずれか一方である力学的物理量を対象物に加えるための機械負荷に接続され、前記モータの動力によって、前記機械負荷を変位させて前記対象物に押し付けることにより、前記対象物に前記力学的物理量を加える電動機構に設けられるモータ制御装置であって、
前記機械負荷から前記対象物に作用する前記力学的物理量の値を物理量取得値として取得し、前記物理量取得値を予め設定された物理量目標値とするための物理量指令値を生成して、前記物理量取得値と前記物理量指令値とを用いて前記モータの駆動を制御するモータ制御装置本体を備え、
前記モータ制御装置本体は、
前記対象物の弾性定数、及び前記モータの最大速度の情報を予め記憶し、
前記物理量指令値を微分した値が、前記対象物の弾性定数、及び前記モータの最大速度の積以下になるように前記物理量指令値を生成する
ことを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - モータを有し、力及び圧力のいずれか一方である力学的物理量を対象物に加えるための機械負荷に接続され、前記モータの動力によって、前記機械負荷を変位させて前記対象物に押し付けることにより、前記対象物に前記力学的物理量を加える電動機構に設けられるモータ制御装置であって、
前記機械負荷から前記対象物に作用する前記力学的物理量の値を物理量取得値として取得し、前記物理量取得値を予め設定された物理量目標値とするための物理量指令値を生成して、前記物理量取得値と前記物理量指令値とを用いて前記モータの駆動を制御するモータ制御装置本体を備え、
前記モータ制御装置本体は、
前記対象物の弾性定数の情報と、前記モータの最大速度の情報と、前記モータの最大トルク及び最大推力のいずれか一方の情報と、前記電動機構の機構総イナーシャ及び機構総質量のいずれか一方の情報とを予め記憶し、
前記物理量指令値を二回微分した値を、前記対象物の弾性定数で割って、前記機構総イナーシャあるいは前記機構総質量を乗じて得られる値が、前記最大トルクあるいは前記モータ最大推力以下になるように、前記物理量指令値を生成する
ことを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - モータを有し、力及び圧力のいずれか一方である力学的物理量を対象物に加えるための機械負荷に接続され、前記モータの動力によって、前記機械負荷を変位させて前記対象物に押し付けることにより、前記対象物に前記力学的物理量を加える電動機構に設けられるモータ制御装置であって、
前記機械負荷から前記対象物に作用する前記力学的物理量の値を物理量取得値として取得し、前記物理量取得値を予め設定された物理量目標値とするための物理量指令値を生成して、前記物理量取得値と前記物理量指令値とを用いて前記モータの駆動を制御するモータ制御装置本体を備え、
前記モータ制御装置本体は、
前記対象物の弾性定数の情報と、前記モータの最大速度の情報と、前記モータの最大トルク及び最大推力のいずれか一方の情報と、前記電動機構の機構総イナーシャ及び機構総質量のいずれか一方の情報と、前記機械負荷から前記対象物に作用する前記力学的物理量を一定に保持するための前記モータの保持トルク及び保持推力のいずれか一方の情報とを予め記憶し、
前記物理量指令値を二回微分した値を、前記対象物の弾性定数で割って、前記機構総イナーシャあるいは前記機構総質量を乗じて得られる値が、前記最大トルクと前記保持トルクとの差以下、あるいは前記最大推力と前記保持推力との差以下になるように、前記物理量指令値を生成する
ことを特徴とするモータ制御装置。 - 前記モータ制御装置本体は、前記物理量指令値を微分した値の変化パターンが、三角形状あるいは台形状となるように、前記物理量指令値を生成する
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は請求項3に記載のモータ制御装置。
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