WO2011142004A1 - 車両および車両の制御方法 - Google Patents
車両および車両の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011142004A1 WO2011142004A1 PCT/JP2010/058018 JP2010058018W WO2011142004A1 WO 2011142004 A1 WO2011142004 A1 WO 2011142004A1 JP 2010058018 W JP2010058018 W JP 2010058018W WO 2011142004 A1 WO2011142004 A1 WO 2011142004A1
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- Prior art keywords
- charging
- power
- transmission path
- vehicle
- resistance value
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
- B60L2220/14—Synchronous machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/10—Driver interactions by alarm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle and a vehicle control method, and more particularly to control of a vehicle that can be charged using electric power from an external power source outside the vehicle.
- a vehicle that is mounted with a power storage device (for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor) and travels by using a driving force generated from electric power stored in the power storage device as an environment-friendly vehicle.
- a power storage device for example, a secondary battery or a capacitor
- Such vehicles include, for example, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, and the like.
- the technique which charges the electrical storage apparatus mounted in these vehicles with a commercial power source with high electric power generation efficiency is proposed.
- a vehicle capable of charging an in-vehicle power storage device (hereinafter also simply referred to as “external charging”) from a power source outside the vehicle (hereinafter also simply referred to as “external power source”).
- external charging an in-vehicle power storage device
- external power source a power source outside the vehicle
- plug-in hybrid vehicle in which a power storage device can be charged from a general household power source by connecting a power outlet provided in a house and a charging port provided in the vehicle with a charging cable. ing. This can be expected to increase the fuel consumption efficiency of the hybrid vehicle.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to a relay connector for charging an electric vehicle that is compatible with a plurality of vehicle-side connectors having different specifications.
- an existing electric vehicle power supply device can be compatible with a plurality of types of vehicle-side connectors, and is therefore a target for charging. It becomes possible to expand the types of vehicles.
- this extension cable is very long or has a small allowable current capacity, for example, if charging is performed using the same charging current as when only the dedicated cable is used, heat will be generated in the extension cable. May cause damage to the extension cable or affect other equipment for charging.
- the resistance value of the power transmission path has increased compared to the normal case due to problems such as poor contact at the connection in the charging cable. In such a case, there is a possibility that an influence due to heat generation or the like may occur in the same manner.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to charge a vehicle based on the state of a power transmission path in a vehicle that can be charged using electric power from an external power source outside the vehicle. It is to provide a charging system capable of adjusting power.
- the vehicle according to the present invention can be externally charged using electric power transmitted from an external power supply via a charging cable, and includes a chargeable power storage device, a charging device, and a control device.
- the charging device supplies charging power to the power storage device using power transmitted from an external power source.
- the control device controls the charging device to limit the charging power based on the state of the power transmission path from the external power source to the charging device.
- the control device limits the charging power based on the resistance value of the power transmission path.
- the control device controls the charging apparatus so that the charging power decreases as the resistance value of the power transmission path increases.
- the vehicle further includes an inlet for connecting the charging cable, and a power line connecting the inlet and the charging device.
- the power transmission path includes a charging cable and a power line. Then, the control device limits the charging power according to the remaining resistance value obtained by subtracting the resistance value of the power line and the resistance value of the charging cable from the entire resistance value of the power transmission path.
- control device calculates the resistance value of the power transmission path based on the voltage and current of the power transmitted from the external power source during external charging.
- control device calculates the resistance value of the power transmission path and limits the charging power based on the calculated resistance value while performing external charging.
- control device performs test charging for calculating the resistance value of the power transmission path prior to full-scale charging, and after setting for limiting the charging power based on the calculated resistance value Start full-scale charging.
- the control device limits the charging power based on the power consumption of the power transmission path.
- the control device controls the charging apparatus so that the charging power decreases as the power consumption of the power transmission path increases.
- control device corrects the limit amount of charging power based on the outside air temperature outside the vehicle.
- control device corrects the limit amount of the charging power so that the charging power decreases as the outside air temperature increases.
- control device limits the charging current output from the charging device based on the state of the power transmission path.
- control device determines the limit amount of the charging current using a predetermined map corresponding to the state of the power transmission path.
- the vehicle further includes a warning device for notifying that charging power is limited.
- the vehicle control method is a vehicle control method capable of external charging using electric power transmitted from an external power source.
- the vehicle includes a chargeable power storage device and a charging device for supplying charging power to the power storage device using power transmitted from an external power source.
- the control method includes a step of detecting a state of the power transmission path from the external power source to the charging device, a step of determining a limit amount of the charging power based on the detected state of the power transmission path, and the determined charging Generating a control command for controlling the charging device based on the power limit amount.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a charging system capable of adjusting the charging power based on the state of the power transmission path in a vehicle that can be charged using electric power from an external power supply outside the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure inside PCU. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the electric power transmission path
- it is a functional block diagram for demonstrating the charging power control performed by ECU. It is a figure which shows an example of the map for setting the correction coefficient of charging electric power based on the resistance value of an electric power transmission path
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle 100 according to the present embodiment.
- vehicle 100 includes a power storage device 110, a system main relay (SMR), a PCU (Power Control Unit) 120 that is a driving device, a motor generator 130, and a power transmission gear 140.
- SMR system main relay
- PCU Power Control Unit
- Drive wheel 150 and ECU Electric Control Unit 300.
- the power storage device 110 is a power storage element configured to be chargeable / dischargeable.
- the power storage device 110 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, or a lead storage battery, and a power storage element such as an electric double layer capacitor.
- the power storage device 110 is connected to the PCU 120 via the power line PL1 and the ground line NL1. Then, power storage device 110 supplies power for generating driving force of vehicle 100 to PCU 120.
- the power storage device 110 stores the electric power generated by the motor generator 130.
- the output of power storage device 110 is, for example, about 200V.
- Relays included in system main relay SMR are inserted in power line PL1 and ground line NL1 that connect power storage device 110 and PCU 120, respectively.
- System main relay SMR is controlled by control signal SE ⁇ b> 1 from ECU 300 to switch between power supply and cutoff between power storage device 110 and PCU 120.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the PCU 120.
- PCU 120 includes a converter 121, an inverter 122, and capacitors C1 and C2.
- Converter 121 performs power conversion between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, power line HPL and ground line NL1, based on control signal PWC from ECU 300.
- the inverter 122 is connected to the power line HPL and the ground line NL1. Inverter 122 drives motor generator 130 based on control signal PWI from ECU 300.
- Capacitor C1 is provided between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, and reduces voltage fluctuation between power line PL1 and ground line NL1.
- Capacitor C2 is provided between power line HPL and ground line NL1, and reduces voltage fluctuation between power line HPL and ground line NL1.
- motor generator 130 is an AC rotating electric machine, for example, a permanent magnet type synchronous motor including a rotor in which permanent magnets are embedded.
- the output torque of the motor generator 130 is transmitted to the drive wheels 150 via a power transmission gear 140 constituted by a speed reducer and a power split mechanism, thereby causing the vehicle 100 to travel.
- the motor generator 130 can generate electric power by the rotational force of the drive wheels 150 during the regenerative braking operation of the vehicle 100. Then, the generated power is converted into charging power for power storage device 110 by PCU 120.
- a necessary vehicle driving force is generated by operating the engine and the motor generator 130 in a coordinated manner.
- vehicle 100 in the present embodiment represents a vehicle equipped with an electric motor for generating vehicle driving force, and is a hybrid vehicle that generates vehicle driving force by an engine and an electric motor, an electric vehicle that is not equipped with an engine, and Includes fuel cell vehicles.
- the vehicle 100 further includes an air conditioner 160, a DC / DC converter 170, an auxiliary battery 180, and an auxiliary load 190 as a configuration of a low voltage system (auxiliary system).
- auxiliary system a low voltage system
- DC / DC converter 170 is connected to power line PL1 and ground line NL1, and reduces the DC voltage supplied from power storage device 110 based on control signal PWD from ECU 300.
- DC / DC converter 170 supplies power to the low-voltage system of the entire vehicle such as auxiliary battery 180, auxiliary load 190, and ECU 300 via power line PL3.
- the auxiliary battery 180 is typically constituted by a lead storage battery.
- the output voltage of auxiliary battery 180 is lower than the output voltage of power storage device 110, for example, about 12V.
- the auxiliary machine load 190 includes, for example, lamps, wipers, heaters, audio, a navigation system, and the like.
- Air conditioner 160 is connected to power line PL1 and ground line NL1. Air conditioner 160 is driven based on control signal OPE from ECU 300 to perform air conditioning of the interior of vehicle 100.
- Vehicle 100 further includes a warning device 195 and a temperature sensor 196.
- the warning device 195 notifies the user that the correction of the charging power has been performed when the charging power correction is necessary in the charging power control, which will be described later, executed by the ECU 300.
- the warning device 195 is, for example, an indicator lamp, a warning buzzer, or a display panel, and notifies the user that the charging power has been corrected by a visual or audible technique.
- the temperature sensor 196 detects the outside air temperature TMP of the vehicle 100 and outputs the detection result to the ECU 300.
- ECU 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, and an input / output buffer (not shown in FIG. 1).
- the ECU 300 inputs a signal from each sensor and outputs a control signal to each device. 100 and each device are controlled. Note that these controls are not limited to processing by software, and can be processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).
- ECU 300 outputs a control signal for controlling PCU 120, DC / DC converter 170, charging device 200, and the like.
- the structure of a control apparatus is not limited to this.
- ECU 300 receives detection values of battery voltage VB and battery current IB from a sensor (not shown) included in power storage device 110. ECU 300 calculates the state of charge of power storage device 110 (hereinafter also referred to as SOC (State of Charge)) based on battery voltage VB and battery current IB.
- SOC State of Charge
- Vehicle 100 includes a charging device 200, a voltage sensor 210, a current sensor 220, an inlet 230, and a charging relay CHR as a configuration for charging power storage device 110 with electric power from external power supply 260.
- the inlet 230 is provided on the body of the vehicle 100 in order to receive AC power from the external power supply 260.
- a charging connector 251 of the charging cable 250 is connected to the inlet 230.
- the plug 253 of the charging cable 250 is connected to the outlet 261 of the external power supply 260 (for example, a commercial power supply), so that the AC power from the external power supply 260 passes through the electric wire portion 252 of the charging cable 250. Transmitted to the vehicle 100.
- a charging circuit breaker hereinafter also referred to as “CCID (Charging Circuit Interrupt Device)” for switching between supply and cut-off of electric power from external power supply 260 to vehicle 100 is provided in electric wire portion 252 of charge cable 250. May be inserted.
- the charging device 200 is connected to the inlet 230 via the power lines ACL1 and ACL2. Charging device 200 is connected to power storage device 110 by power line PL2 and ground line NL2 through charging relay CHR.
- the charging device 200 is controlled by a control signal PWE from the ECU 300 and converts AC power supplied from the inlet 230 into charging power for the power storage device 110.
- Charging relay CHR is inserted in power line PL2 and ground line NL2 connecting power storage device 110 and charging device 200, respectively. Charging relay CHR is controlled based on control signal SE ⁇ b> 2 from ECU 300, and switches between supply and interruption of power between power storage device 110 and charging device 200.
- the voltage sensor 210 is connected between the power lines ACL1 and ACL2. Voltage sensor 210 detects AC power voltage VAC transmitted from external power supply 260 and outputs the detected value to ECU 300.
- Current sensor 220 is provided on power line ACL1.
- Current sensor 220 detects current IAC flowing through power line ACL1, and outputs the detected value to ECU 300.
- the current sensor 220 may be provided on the power line ACL2.
- the plug 253 of the charging cable 250 is connected to the household outlet 261, and thus has a standardized form. Therefore, for example, when the distance between the vehicle 100 and the outlet 261 is large and the charging cable 250 cannot be connected to the outlet 261 with the length of the charging cable 250, the user can extend the extension as shown in FIG. There is a possibility that the charging cable 250 and the outlet 261 are electrically connected using the cable 270.
- the extension cable 270 has an outlet 271 to which the plug 253 of the charging cable 250 can be connected at one end of the electric wire portion 272, and a plug 273 for connecting to the outlet 261 at the other end of the electric wire portion 272.
- the configuration of the extension cable 270 may be a configuration such as a cable reel in which the wire portion 272 is wound around a drum, in addition to the configuration as shown in FIG.
- the extension cable 270 when the length of the extension cable 270 is very long and the resistance value of the electric wire portion 272 is large, when the allowable current capacity in each part of the 270 is smaller than that of the charging cable 250, when the power storage device 110 is charged with the same charging power as that connected to the external power supply 260 using only the dedicated charging cable 250, the extension cable 270 It is conceivable that the extension cable 270 generates excessive heat due to the current flowing through the cable. Then, the extension cable 270 may be damaged by this heat, or the internal electric wire may be short-circuited, which may cause a failure of the device of the vehicle 100 or the device of the external power supply 260.
- the state of the power transmission path from the charging device to the external power source at the time of external charging is detected, and based on the detected state, Charge power control for adjusting the charge power is performed.
- the charging device 200 is controlled so as to limit the charging power according to the resistance value or power consumption of the power transmission path from the charging device to the external power source calculated based on the voltage and current of the charging power. To do.
- FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram for explaining the charging power control executed by ECU 300 in the present embodiment.
- Each functional block described in the functional block diagram of FIG. 4 is realized by hardware or software processing by ECU 300.
- ECU 300 includes a temperature detection unit 310, a voltage detection unit 320, a current detection unit 330, a state calculation unit 340, a correction value setting unit 350, a command setting unit 360, An alarm output unit 370.
- the temperature detection unit 310 receives the detected value of the outside air temperature TMP from the temperature sensor 196. Then, the temperature detection unit 310 outputs the received outside air temperature TMP to the correction value setting unit 350.
- the voltage detection unit 320 receives the detected value of the voltage VAC of the AC power transmitted from the external power supply 260 detected by the voltage sensor 210. Then, the voltage detection unit 320 outputs the received voltage VAC to the state calculation unit 340.
- the current detection unit 330 receives the detected value of the current IAC flowing through the power line ACL1 detected by the current sensor 220. Then, the current detection unit 330 outputs the received current IAC to the state calculation unit 340.
- State calculation unit 340 receives voltage VAC and current IAC from voltage detection unit 320 and current detection unit 330, respectively. And the state calculating part 340 calculates the state of the electric power transmission path
- the initial value of the voltage VAC before the start of charging that is, before the charging current flows is set to V0.
- the values of voltage VAC and current IAC after the start of charging are VCH and ICH, respectively.
- the entire resistance value R0 of the power transmission path from the charging device 200 to the external power supply 260 can be calculated by Expression (1).
- R0 (V0 ⁇ VCH) / ICH (1)
- the resistance values of the power lines ACL1 and ACL2 are R1
- the normal resistance value of the charging cable 250 at the normal time is R2
- the additional resistance value R3 in the extension cable 270 and other connecting portions is expressed by the equation (1). From the following.
- the power consumption PWR consumed by the additional resistance value R3 can be calculated as follows using the equation (2).
- the power consumption PWR calculated in this way can be an index representing heat generation due to the additional resistance value.
- the state calculation unit 340 outputs the additional resistance value R3 calculated as described above and the power consumption PWR based on the additional resistance value R3 to the correction value setting unit 350.
- the correction value setting unit 350 receives the outside air temperature TMP from the temperature detection unit 310, the resistance value R3 and the power consumption PWR from the state calculation unit 340. Then, based on these pieces of information, the correction value setting unit 350 sets a correction value for limiting the charging power using a predetermined map or arithmetic expression.
- At least one of the output voltage and output current of the charging device 200 is limited.
- the control of the charging device 200 when the SOC of the power storage device 110 is low, both voltage and current are controlled by constant power control, and in the latter stage of charging when the SOC becomes high, constant voltage control is performed by charging current. Power is controlled.
- the output voltage of the charging device 200 basically needs to be set slightly higher than the voltage of the power storage device 110. This is done by limiting.
- the charging current is limited will be described as an example.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show examples of correction value setting maps in the correction value setting unit 350.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show examples of correction value setting maps in the correction value setting unit 350.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a map for setting the charging current correction coefficient CMP1 based on the additional resistance value R3 of the power transmission path.
- correction value setting unit 350 does not limit the charging current when additional resistance value R3 calculated by state calculation unit 340 is smaller than threshold value ⁇ 1, and therefore, correction The coefficient CMP1 is set to 1.
- the correction coefficient CMP1 is set between 0 and 1 so that the correction coefficient CMP1 decreases as the excess resistance value increases (FIG. 5).
- Middle curve W1 Middle curve W1).
- the correction coefficient CMP1 may be decreased linearly as shown in FIG. 5, or may be decreased in a curved line or stepwise manner.
- Rmax in FIG. 5 corresponds to the maximum resistance value at which charging is impossible, which is determined by the rated impedance that can be connected to the external power supply 260 or the charging device 200.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a map for setting the charging current correction coefficient CMP2 based on the power consumption due to the additional resistance value R3 of the power transmission path.
- correction value setting unit 350 does not limit the charging current when power consumption PWR due to additional resistance value R3 calculated by state calculation unit 340 is smaller than threshold value ⁇ 2. Therefore, the correction coefficient CMP2 is set to 1.
- the correction coefficient CMP2 is set between 0 and 1 so that the correction coefficient CMP2 decreases as the excess power consumption increases (in FIG. 6). Solid line W11).
- the correction coefficient CMP2 may be decreased linearly as shown in FIG. 6, or may be decreased in a curved line or stepwise manner.
- the correction coefficient CMP2 may be further changed according to the outside air temperature TMP.
- the power consumption PWR can be an index representing heat generation due to the additional resistance value R3.
- the amount of heat released to the surroundings increases. Substantial temperature rise is reduced.
- the amount of heat dissipated to the surroundings decreases, and conversely, the substantial temperature increase of the additional resistance component increases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the higher the outside air temperature TMP is, the smaller the correction coefficient CMP2 is, that is, the charging current limit is increased (broken line W12 in FIG. 6), and the lower the outside air temperature TMP is, the larger the correction coefficient CMP2 is. That is, the limit amount of the charging current is reduced (broken line W13 in FIG. 6).
- the correction value setting unit 350 calculates the total correction coefficient CMP using the correction coefficients CMP1 and CMP2 calculated as described above, and calculates the calculated correction coefficient CMP as a command setting unit 360 and an alarm output. Output to the unit 370.
- CMP CMP1 ⁇ CMP2 (4)
- 0 ⁇ CMP1 ⁇ 1 0 ⁇ CMP2 ⁇ 1.
- correction coefficients CMP1 and CMP2 described above do not necessarily require correction using both correction coefficients, and at least one of the correction coefficients may be used. It is also possible to further employ a correction coefficient based on a state other than the above.
- command setting unit 360 receives battery voltage VB from power storage device 110 or the SOC calculated based on this battery voltage VB. Then, command setting unit 360 calculates the necessary charging current based on these pieces of information, and sets control signal PWE of charging device 200 to achieve this. At this time, command setting unit 360 limits the charging current output from charging device 200 by multiplying correction coefficient CMP received from correction value setting unit 350 by the calculated charging current.
- the alarm output unit 370 receives the correction coefficient CMP from the correction value setting unit 350.
- the alarm output unit 370 alerts the user when the correction coefficient CMP is smaller than 1, that is, when the additional resistance value R3 or the power consumption PWR is larger than a predetermined threshold value.
- a warning signal ALM is output to the warning device 195 to output a warning.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for illustrating the details of the charging power control process executed by ECU 300 in the present embodiment.
- Each step in the flowchart shown in FIG. 7 is realized by a program stored in advance in ECU 300 being called from the main routine and executed in a predetermined cycle.
- dedicated hardware electronic circuit
- step 400 when ECU 300 detects that external power supply 260 is connected via charging cable 250, in step 400 (hereinafter, step is abbreviated as S) 400, power storage device 110.
- a charging current command value is set based on battery voltage VB or SOC.
- ECU 300 determines whether or not charging device 200 has already been activated and is currently being charged.
- ECU 300 acquires initial voltage V0 of power lines ACL1, ACL2 in a state where no charging current flows, in S425. Then, ECU 300 advances the process to S470, generates a control signal PWE that can achieve the command value of the charging current set in S400, and drives charging device 200.
- step S430 the ECU 300 calculates the charging current correction coefficient CMP by using, for example, the maps shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 based on the additional resistance value R3, the power consumption PWR, and the outside air temperature TMP. Calculate.
- ECU 300 determines in S440 whether or not the charging power needs to be corrected, that is, whether or not the correction coefficient CMP calculated in S430 is smaller than one.
- ECU 300 proceeds to S470, and control signal PWE is set so that the charging current command value set in S400 can be achieved. And the charging device 200 is driven.
- correction coefficient CMP is smaller than 1 and the charging current needs to be limited (YES in S440)
- the process proceeds to S450, and ECU 300 multiplies the charging current set in S400 by correction coefficient CMP calculated in S430. Thereby limiting the charging current.
- ECU 300 outputs a warning signal ALM to warning device 195 to notify the user that charging power is being corrected.
- ECU 300 generates control signal PWE that can achieve the limited charging power, and drives charging device 200.
- Warning device 196 temperature sensor, 200 charging device, 210 voltage sensor, 220 current sensor, 230 inlet, 250 charging cable, 251 charging connector, 252, 272 electric wire part, 253, 273 plug, 260 external power supply, 261, 271 outlet, 270 extension cable, 300 ECU, 310 temperature detection unit, 320 voltage detection unit, 330 current detection unit, 340 state calculation unit, 350 correction value setting unit, 360 command setting unit, 370 warning Output unit, ACL1, ACL2, HPL, PL1 ⁇ PL3 power line, C1, C2 capacitor, CHR charging relay, NL1, NL2 ground line, SMR system main relay.
Abstract
Description
好ましくは、制御装置は、電力伝達経路の抵抗値がしきい値より大きい場合に、電力伝達経路の抵抗値が大きくなるにつれて充電電力が小さくなるように充電装置を制御する。
好ましくは、制御装置は、電力伝達経路の消費電力がしきい値より大きい場合に、電力伝達経路の消費電力が大きくなるにつれて充電電力が小さくなるように充電装置を制御する。
図1を参照して、車両100は、蓄電装置110と、システムメインリレー(System Main Relay:SMR)と、駆動装置であるPCU(Power Control Unit)120と、モータジェネレータ130と、動力伝達ギア140と、駆動輪150と、ECU(Electronic Control Unit)300とを備える。
図2を参照して、PCU120は、コンバータ121と、インバータ122と、コンデンサC1,C2とを含む。
警告装置195は、ECU300によって実行される、後述する充電電力制御において充電電力の補正が必要である場合に、ユーザに対して充電電力の補正が行なわれたことを通知する。警告装置195は、たとえば、表示灯、警告ブザーまたは表示パネルなどであり、ユーザに充電電力の補正が行なわれたことを視覚的または聴覚的な手法によって通知する。
ここで、電力線ACL1,ACL2の抵抗値をR1、充電ケーブル250の正常時の標準的な抵抗値をR2とすると、延長ケーブル270やその他の接続部における追加の抵抗値R3は、式(1)から以下のようになる。
=(V0-VCH)/ICH-(R1+R2) … (2)
このようにして算出された追加の抵抗値R3を、予め定められたしきい値と比較することによって、延長ケーブルの使用、あるいは接続部等の接触不良の可能性の有無を判断することができる。
=(V0-VCH)・ICH-ICH2・(R1+R2) … (3)
このようにして算出された消費電力PWRは、追加の抵抗値による発熱を表わす指標となり得る。
ここで、0≦CMP1≦1,0≦CMP2≦1である。
Claims (15)
- 外部電源(260)から、充電ケーブル(250)を介して伝達される電力を用いて外部充電が可能な車両であって、
充電可能な蓄電装置(110)と、
前記外部電源(260)から伝達される電力を用いて前記蓄電装置(110)に充電電力を供給するための充電装置(200)と、
前記外部電源(260)から前記充電装置(200)までの電力伝達経路の状態に基づいて、前記充電電力を制限するように前記充電装置(200)を制御するための制御装置(300)とを備える、車両。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の抵抗値に基づいて前記充電電力を制限する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の抵抗値がしきい値より大きい場合に、前記電力伝達経路の抵抗値が大きくなるにつれて前記充電電力が小さくなるように前記充電装置(200)を制御する、請求の範囲第2項に記載の車両。
- 前記充電ケーブル(250)を接続するためのインレット(230)と、
前記インレット(230)と前記充電装置(200)とを結ぶ電力線(ACL1,ACL2)とをさらに備え、
前記電力伝達経路は、前記充電ケーブル(250)および前記電力線(ACL1,ACL2)を含み、
前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の全体の抵抗値から前記電力線(ACL1,ACL2)の抵抗値および前記充電ケーブル(250)の抵抗値を差し引いた残余の抵抗値の大きさに応じて、前記充電電力を制限する、請求の範囲第3項に記載の車両。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、外部充電時に前記外部電源(260)から伝達される電力の電圧および電流に基づいて、前記電力伝達経路の抵抗値を演算する、請求の範囲第2項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、外部充電を実行しながら、前記電力伝達経路の抵抗値の演算および演算された抵抗値に基づいた前記充電電力の制限を行なう、請求の範囲第5項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、本格的な充電に先立って、前記電力伝達経路の抵抗値を演算するためのテスト充電を実行し、演算された抵抗値に基づいて前記充電電力の制限に関する設定を行なった後に、本格的な充電を開始する、請求の範囲第5項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の消費電力に基づいて前記充電電力を制限する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の消費電力がしきい値より大きい場合に、前記電力伝達経路の消費電力が大きくなるにつれて前記充電電力が小さくなるように前記充電装置(200)を制御する、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記車両(100)の外部の外気温に基づいて、前記充電電力の制限量を修正する、請求の範囲第9項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記外気温が高いほど、前記充電電力が小さくなるように、前記充電電力の制限量を修正する、請求の範囲第10項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の状態に基づいて、前記充電装置(200)から出力される充電電流を制限する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記電力伝達経路の状態に対応した予め定められたマップを用いて、前記充電電流の制限量を決定する、請求の範囲第12項に記載の車両。
- 前記充電電力が制限されていることを通知するための警告装置(195)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 外部電源(260)から伝達される電力を用いて外部充電が可能な車両の制御方法であって、
前記車両(100)は、
充電可能な蓄電装置(110)と、
前記外部電源(260)から伝達される電力を用いて前記蓄電装置(110)に充電電力を供給するための充電装置(200)とを含み、
前記制御方法は、
前記外部電源(260)から前記充電装置(200)までの電力伝達経路の状態を検出するステップと、
検出された前記電力伝達経路の状態に基づいて、前記充電電力の制限量を決定するステップと、
決定された前記充電電力の制限量に基づいて、前記充電装置(200)を制御するための制御指令を生成するステップとを備える、車両の制御方法。
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- 2010-05-12 JP JP2011550354A patent/JP5144819B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-05-12 DE DE112010005561.0T patent/DE112010005561B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2015037346A (ja) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の充電システムおよび車両の蓄電装置の充電方法 |
JP2016134969A (ja) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-07-25 | オムロンオートモーティブエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 電源制御装置 |
US10128682B2 (en) | 2015-09-04 | 2018-11-13 | Lsis Co., Ltd. | Charger for electric vehicles |
JP2017143693A (ja) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の充電システム及び充電制御装置 |
JP2019047544A (ja) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102510816A (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
JPWO2011142004A1 (ja) | 2013-07-22 |
US20120139490A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
DE112010005561B4 (de) | 2022-06-30 |
US9168837B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 |
CN102510816B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
DE112010005561T5 (de) | 2013-03-14 |
JP5144819B2 (ja) | 2013-02-13 |
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