WO2011114473A1 - 電池用電極の製造方法 - Google Patents
電池用電極の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011114473A1 WO2011114473A1 PCT/JP2010/054596 JP2010054596W WO2011114473A1 WO 2011114473 A1 WO2011114473 A1 WO 2011114473A1 JP 2010054596 W JP2010054596 W JP 2010054596W WO 2011114473 A1 WO2011114473 A1 WO 2011114473A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a battery electrode, and more particularly to a method of manufacturing a battery electrode having a configuration in which an electrode mixture layer containing an electrode active material is held by a current collector.
- a lithium secondary battery that is lightweight and has a high energy density is expected to be preferably used as a high-output power source for mounting on a vehicle.
- an electrode having a configuration in which a material (electrode active material) capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions is held in a conductive member (electrode current collector) is used.
- the electrode active material (negative electrode active material) used for the negative electrode carbon-based materials such as graphite carbon and amorphous carbon are exemplified.
- a typical example of the electrode current collector (negative electrode current collector) used for the negative electrode is a sheet-like or foil-like member mainly composed of copper or a copper alloy.
- a composite of a negative electrode active material powder and a binder (binder) dispersed in a suitable medium As one of the typical methods for holding a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode current collector, a composite of a negative electrode active material powder and a binder (binder) dispersed in a suitable medium.
- the binder in the negative electrode mixture layer has a role of binding the negative electrode active materials to each other and binding between the negative electrode mixture layer and the negative electrode current collector. Further, the binder in the negative electrode mixture layer also has a role of binding the negative electrode mixture layer to the negative electrode current collector.
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 are listed as technical documents relating to the manufacture of this type of electrode.
- the negative electrode when the negative electrode is produced, a mixture paste containing a negative electrode active material powder and a binder is applied to the negative electrode current collector and dried at high speed, and convection occurs during drying, and the binder near the current collector is As it collects (floats) on the surface layer of the paste coating (on the opposite side of the current collector), the amount of binder in the vicinity of the current collector is reduced. ) Decreases.
- the adhesive strength between the negative electrode current collector and the negative electrode composite material layer decreases, the negative electrode composite material layer is removed from the negative electrode current collector during subsequent manufacturing processes (for example, a step of winding the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode sheet in a spiral shape) or during battery use.
- the main objective is to provide the manufacturing method of the electrode for batteries which can improve the adhesive strength (adhesiveness) of a collector and a composite material layer. It is.
- a method for manufacturing a battery electrode having a structure in which a composite layer containing an active material and a binder is held by a current collector is a step of forming a binder solution layer by applying a binder solution containing a binder and adjusted to have a contact angle with the current collector surface of 73 ° or less on the current collector surface. And a step of depositing the binder solution layer and the mixture paste layer on the current collector by applying a mixture paste containing an active material from above the binder solution layer, and the deposited binder solution layer, And a step of obtaining an electrode in which the composite material layer is formed on the current collector by drying the composite material paste layer together.
- the binder solution layer is formed on the surface of the current collector, and the mixture paste layer is deposited thereon and dried together. Therefore, the mixture layer obtained after drying and the current collector surface A large amount of the binder in the binder solution layer is arranged at the interface. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture an electrode provided with a mixture layer having good adhesion to the current collector.
- a binder solution having a contact angle with the current collector surface of 73 ° or less is used. As a result, the wettability of the binder solution with respect to the current collector surface is enhanced, so that the binder solution layer can be stably held on the current collector without wetting unevenness.
- the composite paste layer deposited on the binder solution layer does not slide on the binder solution layer, so that the composite paste layer can be applied smoothly (with a uniform thickness), resulting in small unevenness and smoothness.
- a good composite layer can be obtained. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to produce an electrode having a composite layer with good adhesion to the current collector and good smoothness. If such an electrode is used, a battery satisfying at least one (preferably all) of high cycle durability, excellent output characteristics, and good electrode productivity can be constructed.
- the contact angle between the current collector surface and the binder solution is suitably about 73 ° or less, usually 70 ° or less, and more preferably 66 ° or less. Thereby, the effect of this invention can be made more remarkable.
- the lower limit value of the contact angle is not particularly limited, but is about 60 °, for example. If it is smaller than this range, the surface tension of the lower layer liquid (binder solution layer) may be too low as compared with the upper layer liquid (mixture paste layer), and may not be applied smoothly.
- the composite paste layer is deposited such that the coating end of the composite paste layer protrudes outward from the coating end of the binder solution layer. .
- the coating end portion of the composite paste layer is less affected by the surface tension of the coating end portion of the binder solution layer.
- the end shape of the layer can be improved.
- the composite paste layer is deposited so that the coating end portion protrudes 0.1 mm or more (for example, 0.1 mm to 1.8 mm or more) from the coating end portion of the binder solution layer.
- it may be deposited so as to protrude from the coating end by 1.8 mm or more (for example, 1.8 mm to 5 mm or more). Or you may deposit so that 5 mm or more may protrude from the said coating edge part.
- the binder solution layer is formed to a thickness of 3 ⁇ m or less. This makes the composite paste layer deposited on the binder solution layer less slippery, so that the smoothness of the composite layer is further improved.
- the solvent in the composite paste layer may be 3.0 ml / s or more per 1 m 2 of liquid surface area (ie, 3.0 ml / s ⁇ m 2 or more), for example, 3.2 ml / s ⁇ m 2 to 5.0 ml / Volatilization can be performed at a rate of s ⁇ m 2 (preferably 4.0 ml / s ⁇ m 2 to 5.0 ml / s ⁇ m 2 ), and productivity is dramatically improved.
- a battery for example, a lithium secondary battery constructed using the electrode obtained by any one of the methods disclosed herein.
- a battery exhibits excellent battery performance because it is constructed using at least one of the electrodes.
- a battery satisfying at least one (preferably all) of high cycle durability, excellent output characteristics, and good productivity can be provided. .
- Such a battery is suitable as a battery mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile. Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including any of the batteries disclosed herein (which may be in the form of an assembled battery in which a plurality of batteries are connected).
- the battery is a lithium secondary battery (typically a lithium ion battery), and the lithium secondary battery is used as a power source (typically a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle).
- a vehicle for example, an automobile
- a power source of the vehicle is preferable.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the contact angle between the binder solution and the current collector.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the positional relationship between the binder solution layer and the composite paste layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an electrode manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the solid content and the contact angle according to the test example of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the contact angle and the surface roughness Ry according to the test example of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a side view of a vehicle equipped with a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the electrode manufacturing method disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing an electrode 30 having a configuration in which a mixture layer 20 including an active material 22 and a first binder 54 is held by a current collector 10 as shown in FIG. .
- the composite material layer 20 is formed by applying a composite paste containing an active material 22 to the current collector 10 and drying it.
- Prepare 50 As shown in FIG. 3, the binder solution 50 is applied to the surface of the current collector 10 to form a binder solution layer 56.
- the binder solution layer 56 and the mixture paste layer 46 are deposited on the current collector 10 by applying the mixture paste 40 containing the active material 22 from above the binder solution layer 56. To do.
- the deposited binder solution layer 56 and the composite paste layer 46 are dried together to obtain the electrode 30 in which the composite layer 20 is formed on the current collector 10.
- the binder solution layer 56 is formed on the surface of the current collector 10, and the mixture paste layer 46 is deposited thereon and dried together. Therefore, the mixture layer 20 obtained after drying.
- Many binders 54 in the binder solution layer 56 are arranged at the interface between the current collector 10 and the current collector 10. Therefore, the electrode 30 provided with the mixture layer 20 having good adhesion to the current collector 10 can be manufactured.
- the binder solution 50 having a contact angle with the current collector surface of 73 ° or less is used.
- the wettability of the binder solution 50 with respect to the current collector surface is enhanced, so that the binder solution layer 56 can be stably held on the current collector 10 without wetting unevenness.
- the composite paste layer 46 deposited on the binder solution layer 56 can be stably held at the target position (for example, the composite paste layer slides down from the binder solution layer due to uneven wetting of the binder solution layer). Therefore, the composite paste layer 46 can be applied with a uniform thickness. As a result, the composite layer 30 with small unevenness and good smoothness can be obtained.
- the contact angle ⁇ between the current collector surface and the binder solution is suitably about 73 ° or less, usually 70 ° or less, and more preferably 66 ° or less. Thereby, the effect mentioned above can be made more remarkable.
- the lower limit value of the contact angle ⁇ is not particularly limited, but is about 60 °, for example. If it is smaller than this range, the surface tension of the lower layer liquid (binder solution layer) may be too low as compared with the upper layer liquid (mixture paste layer), and may not be applied smoothly.
- the binder solution in which the contact angle ⁇ satisfies the above preferable range can be realized, for example, by appropriately adjusting the solid content ratio in the binder solution.
- the binder solution 50 can be prepared by dispersing the binder 54 in a predetermined solvent 52.
- the contact angle ⁇ can be adjusted to a suitable range disclosed herein by appropriately adjusting the amount of the binder 54 dispersed in the predetermined solvent 52.
- the contact angle ⁇ can be adjusted to a suitable range disclosed herein by appropriately selecting the materials of the binder and the solvent constituting the binder solution.
- a method for adjusting the contact angle ⁇ to an appropriate range a method of applying a hydrophilic treatment (for example, atmospheric corona discharge treatment) to the current collector surface, or adding a surfactant to the binder solution, etc. Can do.
- a hydrophilic treatment for example, atmospheric corona discharge treatment
- a surfactant for example, sodium bicarbonate
- the above-described methods for adjusting the contact angle ⁇ can be used alone or in combination.
- a preferred example of the solvent 52 used in the binder solution is an aqueous solvent.
- the aqueous solvent water or a mixed solvent mainly composed of water is preferably used.
- a solvent component other than water constituting such a mixed solvent one or more organic solvents (lower alcohol, lower ketone, etc.) that can be uniformly mixed with water can be appropriately selected and used.
- a particularly preferred example is an aqueous solvent substantially consisting of water.
- the binder solution is not limited to an aqueous solvent, and may be a non-aqueous solvent (a binder dispersion medium is mainly an organic solvent).
- a binder dispersion medium is mainly an organic solvent.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- the binder (first binder) 54 used in the binder solution is not particularly limited as long as it is the same as that used for a typical lithium secondary battery electrode.
- the binder solution layer is formed using an aqueous solvent (a solution using water or a mixed solvent containing water as a main component as a binder dispersion medium)
- the binder is dispersed or dissolved in water as the binder.
- a polymer can be preferably employed.
- the polymer dispersed or dissolved in water include styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and the like.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PE polyethylene
- PAA polyacrylic acid
- the binder solution layer is formed using a solvent-based solvent (a solution in which the binder dispersion medium is mainly an organic solvent)
- a polymer that is dispersed or dissolved in the solvent-based solvent can be used.
- the polymer that is dispersed or dissolved in the solvent-based solvent include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-HFP), and the like.
- the solid content of the binder solution is suitably about 6% to 40% by mass. If the solid content of the binder solution is too large, the lower layer liquid (binder solution layer) has a lower interfacial tension than the upper layer liquid (composite paste layer), so the binder solution layer and the composite paste layer are mixed, Appropriate two-layer coating may not be possible. On the other hand, if the solid content of the binder solution is too small, the interfacial tension between the binder solution layer and the composite paste layer increases, and the composite paste layer is repelled on the binder solution layer, resulting in a smooth surface. May not be applied. Accordingly, the solid content of the binder solution is suitably about 6% by mass to 40% by mass, and is usually preferably 6% by mass to 18% by mass, for example, 9% by mass to 13% by mass. More preferably.
- the operation of applying (applying) the binder solution to the current collector is a general fluid application technique such as a printing method (inkjet, letterpress, gravure, screen, etc.), dispenser method, spray spraying method, nanowire coating method, etc. Can be used.
- a method of applying the binder solution on the current collector includes a method of applying the binder solution on the current collector using a dispenser method. Thereby, the binder solution layer 56 having a uniform thickness can be formed.
- the binder solution layer 56 is provided so as to include at least a range in which the composite material layer 20 is formed on the surface of the current collector 10. For example, when the composite layer 40 is formed only on one side of the current collector 10 (which may be a part of the single side or the entire range), the single-sided composite layer 20 is formed. A mode in which the binder solution layer 56 is formed over a range to be formed, and when the composite material layer 20 is formed on both surfaces of the current collector 10, the range in which the composite material layer 20 on both surfaces is formed. A mode in which the binder solution layer 56 is provided can be employed.
- the coating amount of the binder solution (coating amount per unit area) is not particularly limited. However, if the coating amount of the binder solution is too small, the amount of the binder in the binder solution layer is excessively reduced and the current collector and the composite layer The effect of increasing the adhesive strength may not be obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of the binder solution applied is too large, the amount of the binder in the binder solution layer may increase so that the interface resistance between the current collector and the composite material layer may increase. Therefore, the coating amount of the binder solution is approximately 0.01 mg / cm 2 to 0.05 mg / cm 2 , usually 0.02 mg in terms of solid content (that is, in terms of the mass of the binder after drying). / Cm 2 to 0.03 mg / cm 2 is preferably adjusted.
- the binder solution layer 56 is formed so that the thickness D is 3 ⁇ m or less. According to this configuration, since the influence of the surface tension of the current collector 10 is manifested, the composite paste layer formed on the binder solution layer is difficult to slip. Therefore, the composite paste layer can be applied more smoothly.
- the thickness D of the binder solution layer 56 is suitably about 3 ⁇ m or less, usually preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or less, for example 1.5 ⁇ m or less (for example, about 0.1 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m). It is more preferable.
- the binder solution layer 56 and the mixture paste layer 46 are applied by applying the mixture paste 40 from above the binder solution layer 56. Is deposited on the current collector 10.
- the composite paste is prepared by mixing an active material (typically in powder form) 22 and other composite material layer forming components (for example, the second binder 44) used as necessary in a suitable solvent 42. Can be prepared.
- the active material (typically powder) 22 is not particularly limited as long as it is the same as that used for a typical lithium ion secondary battery.
- representative examples of the negative electrode active material 22 used for the negative electrode include carbon-based materials such as graphite carbon and amorphous carbon, lithium transition metal composite oxides (lithium titanium composite oxides, etc.), lithium transition metal composite nitrides, and the like. Illustrated.
- the above-mentioned composite paste can contain a material used for a composite paste for forming a composite layer in the production of a general electrode, if necessary.
- a representative example of such a material is a conductive material and a binder (second binder) 44.
- the conductive material carbon powder such as carbon black (acetylene black or the like), conductive metal powder such as nickel powder, or the like can be used.
- the binder 44 plays a role of binding the active material particles.
- the binder 44 may be the same material as the binder 54 included in the binder solution layer 56 or a different material.
- the solvent 42 used in the composite paste include water or a mixed solvent mainly composed of water (aqueous solvent).
- a solvent other than water constituting such a mixed solvent one or more organic solvents (lower alcohol, lower ketone, etc.) that can be uniformly mixed with water can be appropriately selected and used.
- the solvent 42 is not limited to an aqueous solvent, and may be a non-aqueous solvent.
- the non-aqueous solvent for example, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) can be used.
- the solid content of the composite paste is preferably about 30% or more (typically 30% to 90%), preferably about 40% to 60%.
- the proportion of the active material in the total solid content of the composite paste is preferably about 50% by mass or more (typically 50 to 95% by mass), and preferably about 75 to 90% by mass.
- the proportion of the binder (second binder 44) in the total solid content of the composite paste is preferably about 7% by mass or less, and about 5% by mass or less (eg, about 1 to 5% by mass). preferable.
- the proportion of the conductive material in the total solid content of the composite paste can be, for example, 3 to 25% by mass, and preferably about 3 to 15% by mass.
- the operation of applying (typically applying) such a composite paste 40 to the current collector 10 is that the current collector having the binder solution layer 56 formed on the surface as described above is used.
- the composite paste layer 46 is formed by applying a predetermined amount of the composite paste 40 onto the current collector 10 from above the binder solution layer 56 using an appropriate application device (a die coater or the like). obtain.
- the binder solution having a contact angle with the current collector surface of 73 ° or less is used as the binder solution, so that the wettability of the binder solution with respect to the current collector surface is increased, and the binder deposited on the current collector 10 is increased.
- the solution layer 56 can be stably held at the position without any unevenness for the purpose.
- the composite paste layer 46 formed on the binder solution layer 56 is also difficult to slip, so that the composite paste layer 46 can be applied smoothly (with a uniform thickness).
- the composite paste layer 46 is formed so that the coating end 46 a of the composite paste layer is more outward than the coating end 56 a of the binder solution layer 56. Accumulate so that it sticks out. For example, it is preferable to deposit so that the coating end 46a of the composite paste layer protrudes 5 mm or more from the coating end 56a of the binder solution layer. This makes the coating end 46a of the composite paste layer less susceptible to the surface tension of the coating end 56a of the binder solution layer. Can improve the shape of the end portion of the composite material layer 30.
- the amount L of protrusion of the composite paste layer (the distance between the coating end portion 46a of the composite paste layer and the coating end portion 56a of the binder solution layer) is approximately 0.1 mm or more (for example, 0.1 mm to 1. 8 mm or more) is appropriate. Alternatively, it is appropriate that the protruding amount L is approximately 1.8 mm or more (for example, 1.8 mm to 5 mm or more). Alternatively, the protruding amount L may be approximately 5 mm or more.
- the drying temperature may be a temperature range in which the solvent 52 in the binder solution layer and the solvent 42 in the composite paste layer can be removed.
- the drying temperature can be about 70 ° C. to 160 ° C., and is usually preferably 80 ° C. to 150 ° C.
- the solvent 42 in the composite paste layer can be dried at high speed.
- the solvent 42 in the composite paste layer is used in an amount of 3.0 ml / s or more per 1 m 2 of liquid surface area (ie, 3.0 ml / s ⁇ m 2 or more), for example, 3.2 ml / s ⁇ m 2 to 5.0 ml. / S ⁇ m 2 (preferably 4.0 ml / s ⁇ m 2 to 5.0 ml / s ⁇ m 2 ) can be volatilized, and productivity is dramatically improved.
- the electrode 30 having the composite material layer 20 formed on the surface of the current collector 10 can be obtained.
- the thickness and density of the composite material layer 20 can be adjusted by performing a suitable press process (for example, roll press process) as needed.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of an electrode 30 for a lithium secondary battery that is preferably manufactured by applying the electrode manufacturing method disclosed herein.
- the electrode 30 has a configuration in which the composite material layer 20 including the active material 22 is held by the current collector 10.
- the composite material layer 20 is formed by depositing a binder solution layer 56 on the surface of the current collector 10, depositing a composite paste layer 46 thereon, and drying them together. It is. Therefore, the segregation (migration) of the binder 54 to the surface (surface layer portion) of the composite material layer 20 is suppressed, and the adhesion between the composite material layer 20 and the current collector 10 can be improved.
- the binder solution having a contact angle with the current collector surface of 73 ° or less is used as the binder solution, the slip of the composite paste layer 46 on the binder solution layer 56 is suppressed, and the surface of the composite layer 20 is smoothed. Property can be improved. That is, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to manufacture the electrode 30 including the composite material layer 20 having good adhesion to the current collector 10 and excellent surface smoothness. By using such an electrode 30, it is possible to construct a battery that satisfies at least one (preferably all) of high cycle durability, excellent output characteristics, and good productivity.
- the long sheet-shaped current collector 10 is unwound from an unillustrated unwinding portion, and is conveyed through the apparatus 90 by the rotation of rollers 91 and 92.
- a dispenser device 94, a die coater 96, and a drying furnace 98 are arranged in order from the upstream side in the conveyance path of the current collector 10.
- the dispenser device 94 contains the binder solution 50, and is configured to apply the binder solution 50 onto the current collector 10 being conveyed.
- the die coater 96 contains a mixture paste 40 and is configured to apply the mixture paste 40 on the current collector 10 being conveyed from above the binder solution layer.
- the long sheet-shaped current collector 10 is conveyed through the apparatus 90 by the rotation of the rollers 91 and 92, and the binder solution 50 and the composite paste 40 are sequentially applied thereto.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 in which the composite material layer 20 is formed on the current collector is obtained by passing the drying furnace 98 and drying the binder solution and the composite material paste.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 is taken up by the take-up unit 99 and then subjected to the next step.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- a binder solution 50 of 40 wt% was prepared. Droplets of the binder solution of each sample 1 to 7 were attached to the surface of the copper foil as the current collector 10, and the contact angle was measured. The contact angle was measured using a dynamic contact angle measuring instrument manufactured by First Ten Angstroms. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the solid content rate (wt%) of the binder solution and the contact angle (°). As is clear from FIG. 8 and Table 1, it was confirmed that the contact angle decreased as the binder solid content increased.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 was produced using the binder solutions of Samples 2 to 7, and the surface roughness Ry of the composite material layer 20 was evaluated.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 was produced as follows. First, the binder solution 50 is applied to the surface of a copper foil as a current collector to form a binder solution layer 56 (thickness: 2.0 ⁇ m), and then a mixture paste 40 is applied thereon to form a mixture paste layer 46 ( 46 ⁇ m thick) was deposited. Then, the deposited binder solution layer and the composite paste layer were dried at about 160 ° C. to obtain a negative electrode sheet 30 in which the negative electrode composite layer 20 was provided on the surface of the current collector.
- the composite paste 40 is prepared by dispersing carbon powder as a negative electrode active material and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a thickener in water so that the mass ratio of these materials is 99: 1. did. Moreover, the application amount of the composite paste was adjusted so as to be about 3.5 mg / cm 2 (based on solid content).
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the contact angle (°) and the surface roughness Ry ( ⁇ m).
- the surface roughness Ry tended to decrease as the contact angle decreased.
- a surface roughness Ry as low as 4.0 ⁇ m or less could be achieved particularly by setting the contact angle to 65.8 ° or less (Samples 3 to 7).
- an extremely low surface roughness Ry of 2.0 ⁇ m or less could be achieved (Samples 5 to 7).
- the contact angle is set to 73 in order to realize a surface roughness Ry of 7.0 ⁇ m or less which is preferable for exhibiting electrode performance.
- the contact angle between the binder solution and the current collector surface is preferably about 73 ° or less, more preferably about 65.8 ° or less. It was confirmed that it was more preferable to set the angle to about 62 ° or less.
- the negative electrode sheet was produced by changing the thickness D (see FIG. 6) of the binder solution layer 56 to 5.5 ⁇ m, 3.5 ⁇ m, 2.5 ⁇ m, and 1.5 ⁇ m, respectively.
- a negative electrode sheet was produced under the same conditions as Sample 5 (binder solid content ratio 13 wt%) except that the thickness of the binder solution layer was changed.
- the surface roughness Ry was evaluated.
- the surface roughness Ry of the composite material layer was 8.8 ⁇ m, 5.8 ⁇ m, and 4.3 ⁇ m, respectively, in the order that the thickness of the binder solution layer was 5.5 ⁇ m, 3.5 ⁇ m, 2.5 ⁇ m, and 1.5 ⁇ m. It was 2.7 ⁇ m.
- the surface roughness Ry tends to decrease as the thickness of the binder solution layer decreases.
- the thickness of the binder solution layer is preferably about 2.5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably about 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the protrusion amount L of the composite paste layer shown in FIG. 6 (the distance between the coating end portion 46a of the composite paste layer and the coating end portion 56a of the binder solution layer) is ⁇ 5 mm and ⁇ 1.8 mm. , 0 mm, +1.8 mm, and +5 mm, and the coating widths of the composite paste layer and the binder solution layer were changed to prepare negative electrode sheets.
- a negative electrode sheet was produced under the same conditions as Sample 5 (binder solid content rate 13 wt%) except that the coating width was changed. And the surface roughness Ry was evaluated.
- the surface roughness Ry of the composite material layer was 9.7 ⁇ m, 9.9 ⁇ m, 2.5 ⁇ m, 2 mm, respectively, in the order of the protruding amount L being ⁇ 5 mm, ⁇ 1.8 mm, 0 mm, +1.8 mm, and +5 mm. 4 ⁇ m and 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the protrusion amount L is positive, it means that the composite paste layer is deposited so as to protrude outward from the coating end portion of the binder solution layer, and when the protrusion amount L is negative, It means that the binder solution layer was deposited so as to protrude outward from the coating end of the composite paste layer.
- the surface roughness Ry tended to decrease as the protruding amount L of the composite paste layer increased.
- the protrusion amount L may be set to a value exceeding 0 (for example, 0.1 mm or more), and 1.8 mm or more (for example, 5 mm or more). Was confirmed to be preferable.
- the negative electrode (negative electrode sheet) 30 manufactured by applying the above-described method will be described with reference to a schematic diagram shown in FIG.
- the negative electrode (negative electrode sheet) 30 manufactured using the above-described binder solution is used as the negative electrode (negative electrode sheet) 30.
- the electrode manufacturing method disclosed here is not limited to the negative electrode 30, and can also be applied to the positive electrode 70.
- the lithium secondary battery 100 includes a case 82 made of metal (a resin or a laminate film is also suitable).
- the case (outer container) 82 includes a flat cuboid case main body 84 having an open upper end, and a lid 86 that closes the opening.
- a long sheet-like positive electrode (positive electrode sheet) 70 and a long sheet-like negative electrode (negative electrode sheet) 30 are laminated together with a total of two long sheet-like separators (separator sheets) 76.
- a flat wound electrode body 80 produced by winding and then crushing the resulting wound body from the side direction and kidnapping is housed.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 has a configuration in which a negative electrode mixture layer 20 mainly composed of a negative electrode active material is provided on both surfaces of a long sheet-like negative electrode current collector 10.
- the positive electrode sheet 70 has a configuration in which a positive electrode mixture layer mainly composed of a positive electrode active material is provided on both surfaces of a long sheet-like positive electrode current collector. At one end in the width direction of these electrode sheets 30 and 70, an electrode mixture layer non-formed portion in which the electrode mixture layer is not provided on any surface is formed.
- the positive electrode sheet 70 and the negative electrode mixture layer non-formed portion of the positive electrode sheet 70 and the negative electrode mixture layer non-formed portion of the negative electrode sheet 30 protrude from both sides of the separator sheet 76 in the width direction.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 is overlaid with a slight shift in the width direction.
- the electrode composite material layer non-forming portions of the positive electrode sheet 70 and the negative electrode sheet 30 are respectively wound core portions (that is, the positive electrode composite material layer forming portion of the positive electrode sheet 70). And a portion where the negative electrode active material layer forming portion of the negative electrode sheet 30 and the two separator sheets 76 are wound tightly).
- a positive electrode lead terminal 78 and a negative electrode lead terminal 79 are respectively attached to the protruding portion (that is, the non-formed portion of the positive electrode mixture layer) 70A and the protruding portion (that is, the non-formed portion of the negative electrode active material layer) 30A. Are electrically connected to the positive terminal 72 and the negative terminal 74 described above.
- the positive electrode sheet 70 can be formed by applying a positive electrode mixture layer mainly composed of a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery on a long positive electrode current collector.
- a positive electrode current collector an aluminum foil or other metal foil suitable for the positive electrode is preferably used.
- the positive electrode active material one kind or two or more kinds of substances conventionally used in lithium secondary batteries can be used without any particular limitation.
- Preferable examples include lithium transition metal composite oxides containing lithium and one or more transition metal elements as constituent metal elements such as LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoO 2 , and LiNiO 2 as main components.
- the negative electrode sheet 30 may be formed by applying a negative electrode mixture layer mainly composed of a negative electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery on a long negative electrode current collector.
- a copper foil (a foil-like member mainly composed of copper or a copper alloy) or other metal foil suitable for the negative electrode is preferably used.
- the negative electrode active material one or more of materials conventionally used in lithium secondary batteries can be used without any particular limitation.
- Preferable examples include carbon materials such as graphite carbon and amorphous carbon, lithium transition metal composite oxides (lithium titanium composite oxides, etc.), lithium transition metal composite nitrides, and the like.
- separator sheet 76 used between the positive and negative electrode sheets 70 and 30 is a sheet made of a porous polyolefin resin.
- a separator may not be necessary (that is, in this case, the electrolyte itself can function as a separator).
- the wound electrode body 80 is accommodated in the main body 84 from the upper end opening of the case main body 84 and an electrolytic solution containing an appropriate electrolyte is disposed (injected) in the case main body 84.
- the electrolyte is lithium salt such as LiPF 6, for example.
- a nonaqueous electrolytic solution obtained by dissolving a suitable amount (for example, concentration 1M) of a lithium salt such as LiPF 6 in a mixed solvent of diethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate (for example, a mass ratio of 1: 1) can be used.
- the opening is sealed by welding or the like with the lid 86, and the assembly of the lithium secondary battery 100 according to the present embodiment is completed.
- the sealing process of the case 82 and the process of placing (injecting) the electrolyte may be the same as those used in the production of a conventional lithium secondary battery, and do not characterize the present invention. In this way, the construction of the lithium secondary battery 100 according to this embodiment is completed.
- the lithium secondary battery 100 constructed in this way is constructed using at least one electrode (here, the negative electrode) using the electrode manufactured using the above-described binder solution, and thus has excellent battery performance. It is shown. For example, providing the lithium secondary battery 100 satisfying at least one (preferably all) of high cycle durability, excellent output characteristics, and good productivity by constructing a battery using the above electrodes. can do.
- the contact angle between the binder solution and the current collector surface is adjusted by changing the solid content ratio (binder solid content concentration) of the binder solution, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the contact angle between the binder solution and the current collector surface may be controlled by subjecting the current collector surface to a hydrophilic treatment or adding a surfactant to the binder solution.
- the battery according to the present invention (for example, a lithium secondary battery) has excellent battery performance as described above, it can be suitably used as a power source for a motor (electric motor) mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile. Therefore, the present invention, as schematically shown in FIG. 11, is a vehicle (typically an automobile, particularly a hybrid automobile, an electric automobile, a fuel cell automobile) provided with such a battery (which may be in the form of an assembled battery) 100 as a power source. An automobile equipped with an electric motor such as 1) is provided.
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明によれば、バインダ溶液として集電体表面との接触角が73°以下のものを使用する。これにより、バインダ溶液の集電体表面に対する濡れ性が高まるので、集電体上にバインダ溶液層を濡れムラなく安定して保持できるようになる。これにより、バインダ溶液層上に堆積した合材ペースト層がバインダ溶液層上で滑らなくなるので、合材ペースト層を平滑に(均一な厚みで)塗布できるようになり、結果、凹凸が小さく平滑性の良い合材層が得られる。即ち、本発明によれば、集電体との密着性が良好で、かつ、平滑性のよい合材層を備えた電極を製造することができる。このような電極を用いれば、サイクル耐久性が高い、出力特性に優れる、電極の生産性が良い、のうちの少なくとも一つ(好ましくは全部)を満たす電池を構築できる。
Claims (7)
- 活物質とバインダを含む合材層が集電体に保持された構成の電池用電極を製造する方法であって、
バインダを含むバインダ溶液であって集電体表面との接触角が73°以下となるように調整されたバインダ溶液を集電体表面に塗布してバインダ溶液層を形成する工程と、
前記バインダ溶液層の上から活物質を含む合材ペーストを塗布することによって、前記バインダ溶液層と合材ペースト層とを集電体上に堆積する工程と、
前記堆積したバインダ溶液層と合材ペースト層とを共に乾燥させることによって、前記集電体上に合材層が形成された電極を得る工程と
を包含する、電池用電極の製造方法。 - 前記合材ペースト層を、該合材ペースト層の塗工端部が前記バインダ溶液層の塗工端部よりも外方にはみ出すように堆積する、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記バインダ溶液層を、3μm以下の厚みに形成する、請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記合材ペースト層中の溶媒を3.0ml/s・m2以上の速度で揮発させる、請求項1から3の何れか一つに記載の製造方法。
- 前記活物質は、炭素系材料からなる負極活物質であり、
前記集電体は、銅または銅合金製の負極集電体である、請求項1から4の何れか一つに記載の製造方法。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか一つに記載の方法により製造された電極を用いて構築された電池。
- 請求項6に記載の電池を搭載した車両。
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CN201080064979.9A CN102782903B (zh) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | 电池用电极的制造方法 |
US13/583,693 US9159987B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | Method for manufacturing battery electrode including depositing a liquid phase bilayer |
JP2012505380A JP5534370B2 (ja) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | 電池用電極の製造方法 |
PCT/JP2010/054596 WO2011114473A1 (ja) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-03-17 | 電池用電極の製造方法 |
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US20200144591A1 (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2020-05-07 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Adhesive interlayer for battery electrode through dry manufacturing |
KR102496615B1 (ko) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-02-07 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | 급속 충전 성능이 개선된 이차전지용 전극, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
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